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can improve customer service</div></h1></div><div data-component="mdc-c-description" class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_8032924 mdc-u-ts-10 mck-u-animation-blur-in-800 ArticleDefault_mck-c-article-default__description__sjoe9"><div><time datetime="2014-12-01T00:00:00Z">December 1, 2014</time> | Article</div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mck-o-container"><div class="mck-o-container--wrapped mck-o-container--mobile-spacing mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-gutter-xxl"><section data-layer-region="article-body-header" class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 mck-u-animation-blur-in-400 byline-share-container"><div class="mdc-u-grid-col-md-start-2 mdc-u-grid-col-md-end-8 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-start-3 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-end-8 mdc-u-ts-9"><span> </span><span class="AuthorsByLine_mck-c-authors-byline__author__XdrlD"><span class="AuthorsByLine_mck-c-authors-byline__no-wrap__Ced0j"><a data-component="mdc-c-link" href="/our-people/aamer-baig" class="mdc-c-link-inline___7DRrt_8032924 mdc-c-link-inline--secondary___YKoOK_8032924"><span class="mdc-c-link__label___Pfqtd_8032924">Aamer Baig</span></a> </span></span><span class="AuthorsByLine_mck-c-authors-byline__author__XdrlD"><span class="AuthorsByLine_mck-c-authors-byline__no-wrap__Ced0j"><a data-component="mdc-c-link" href="/our-people/andre-dua" class="mdc-c-link-inline___7DRrt_8032924 mdc-c-link-inline--secondary___YKoOK_8032924"><span class="mdc-c-link__label___Pfqtd_8032924">André Dua</span></a><span> </span></span></span><span class="AuthorsByLine_mck-c-authors-byline__author__XdrlD"><span class="AuthorsByLine_mck-c-authors-byline__no-wrap__Ced0j">Vivian Riefberg</span></span></div><div class="mdc-u-grid-col-md-start-8 mdc-u-grid-col-md-end-12 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-start-8 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-end-11 ArticleContent_mck-c-article-content__share-tools__kWRRw"></div></section><section class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 mck-u-animation-blur-in-400"><div class="mdc-u-grid-col-md-start-2 mdc-u-grid-col-md-end-12 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-start-3 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-end-11"><div data-component="mdc-c-description" class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_8032924 mdc-u-ts-5"><div class="mck-u-links-inline">A McKinsey Center for Government survey finds that Americans are often dissatisfied with state services—and identifies significant opportunities for improvement.</div></div></div></section><main data-layer-region="article-body" class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-gutter-xxl"><div class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-1 mdc-u-grid-col-md-12"><div class="mdc-u-grid-col-md-start-2 mdc-u-grid-col-md-end-12 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-start-3 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-end-11"><div class="mdc-o-content-body mck-u-dropcap"><div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="default" data-module-background="transparent" data-module-category="" class="DownloadsSidebar_mck-c-downloads-sidebar__iFmyt mck-o-xs-right-span"><div data-layer-region="downloads-right-rail"><h3 data-component="mdc-c-heading" class="mdc-c-heading___0fM1W_8032924 mdc-c-heading--title___5qyOB_8032924 mdc-c-heading--border___K8dj3_8032924"></h3><div><div data-component="mdc-c-link-container" class="mdc-c-link-container___xefGu_8032924"><a data-component="mdc-c-link" href="#/download/%2F~%2Fmedia%2Fmckinsey%2Findustries%2Fpublic%20and%20social%20sector%2Four%20insights%2Fhow%20us%20state%20governments%20can%20improve%20customer%20service%2Fhow%20us%20state%20governments%20can%20improve%20customer%20service.pdf%3FshouldIndex%3Dfalse" class="DownloadsSidebar_mck-c-downloads-sidebar__download-link__fPqFQ mdc-c-link___lBbY1_8032924" target="_self" data-layer-event-prefix="Download Link" data-layer-action="click" data-layer-report-type="" data-layer-file-name="how-us state governments can improve customer service" data-layer-report-name="how-us state governments can improve customer service>"><span data-component="mdc-c-icon" class="mdc-c-icon___oi7ef_8032924 mdc-c-icon--size-md___yi5fA_8032924 mck-download-icon"></span><span class="mdc-c-link__label___Pfqtd_8032924"> (PDF-236 KB)</span></a></div></div></div></div> <p> <strong>Technological advances</strong> such as smartphones and apps have opened new frontiers of convenience, speed, and transparency for private-sector customers. At the same time, tightening government budgets are making it difficult for the public sector to deliver services of a similarly high quality. With consumer expectations only increasing, it’s perhaps no surprise that interactions with government agencies frustrate and disappoint many citizens. Yet when we sought to find out exactly why, we discovered cause for encouragement: issues that frustrate citizens are solvable, and the frustrations mostly revolve around the way services are provided rather than the services themselves. In fact, we believe governments can significantly improve the service experience while lowering costs and increasing employee engagement and satisfaction.</p> <p> During the past year, we measured the satisfaction of citizens by surveying approximately 17,000 people across 15 US states. This online survey included more than 100 questions asking citizens to rate their satisfaction across a range of activities, including state services overall, specific attributes of service delivery (such as speed), and specific types of services (for example, public transportation). We also asked participants to rate their satisfaction with specific private-sector services. To analyze our results and develop insights, we applied what we call the McKinsey Citizen Satisfaction Score (CSS) to indicate the net satisfaction level among those surveyed.<a class="link-footnote" rel="#footnote1" href="#"><sup>1</sup></a> <span id="footnote1" class="tooltip" style="display:none"><span class="footnote-content"><span class="footnote-number">1.</span><span class="footnote-text"> The McKinsey Center for Government calculates the score by subtracting the percentage of citizens who are dissatisfied (those rating their satisfaction at four or lower on a scale of one through ten) from those who are highly satisfied (a satisfaction rating of eight or higher). Ratings of five, six, or seven were considered neutral and therefore excluded from the calculation of the CSS. </span><span class="clear"></span> </span><span class="footnote-bottom"></span></span></p> <p> We found that the satisfaction of citizens with state services varied considerably, ranging from 22 for the highest-performing state to –36 for the lowest. Overall, the CSS was positive for eight states and negative for seven. Several common themes emerged:</p> <ul class="bulletList"> <li><strong>Speed, simplicity, and efficiency make citizens happier.</strong> Participants expressed stronger negative feelings about specific attributes of service delivery than about state services overall. They were dissatisfied with the slowness of service delivery, its complexity, and the effort required to navigate through processes.</li> <li><strong>Satisfaction is often lower for more essential services.</strong> Public housing, food stamps, unemployment benefits, and other more essential services received lower satisfaction scores than more discretionary services (such as state parks or cultural facilities) did. This stood out in part because, among all respondents, the average CSS across the 15 states was positive for most services surveyed.</li> <li><strong>People who don’t use a service are often more skeptical about its quality.</strong> There’s a perception gap between users and nonusers of state services. The CSS for citizens who used a state service within the past 12 months was, on average, 12 percentage points higher than the score for participants who hadn’t done so but still considered themselves informed about its quality. This perception gap was smallest for public safety (1 percent) and largest for public housing (52 percent), followed by Medicaid (46 percent) and food stamps (45 percent).</li> <li><strong>Citizens are less satisfied with government services than with private-sector services.</strong> Government services fared more poorly than private-sector services, with some notable exceptions: state parks, cultural facilities, sporting licenses, public safety, and environmental protection. In fact, the CSS for private-sector services was 2.5 times higher than the score for government ones. The more favorable views about well-regarded service providers, such as e-commerce sites, may not be surprising. However, the fact that citizens were less satisfied with many government services than with cable- or satellite-TV services should concern government leaders.</li> <li><strong>Most citizens prefer to interact with government online.</strong> In response to follow-up questions, recent users of services from the department of motor vehicles (DMV) in their states said that the ability to complete processes online was their top priority. The availability of more and clearer information online ranked third. The most satisfied DMV users had no up-front interactions with staff, and satisfaction decreased as citizens interacted with more channels, including call centers and walk-in centers.</li> </ul> <div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="default" data-module-background="transparent" data-module-category="" class="mck-c-inline-module-container mck-o-md-center"><div class="mck-c-content-header"><div class="ContentHeader_mck-c-content-header__eyebrow__cBTe_"></div><div class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-gutter-lg mdc-u-grid-col-sm-1 mdc-u-grid--align-start mdc-u-mb-3 GenericItem_mck-c-generic-item__sGwKL"><div data-component="mdc-c-content-block" class="mdc-c-content-block___7p6Lu_8032924 mdc-u-grid-gutter-xs GenericItem_mck-c-generic-item__content__gq1m0"><div data-component="mdc-c-content-block" class="mdc-c-content-block___7p6Lu_8032924"><h5 data-component="mdc-c-heading" class="mdc-c-heading___0fM1W_8032924"><div>Citizens are less satisfied with state services than with private-sector ones.</div></h5></div></div></div></div><div class="mck-u-inline-module-border-bottom"><picture data-component="mdc-c-picture" class="Exhibit_mck-c-exhibit__image__pyIDm"><source media="(min-width: 768px)" srcSet="/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20us%20state%20governments%20can%20improve%20customer%20service/svgz_citizensfirst_ex.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center"/><img alt="" src="/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public%20and%20social%20sector/our%20insights/how%20us%20state%20governments%20can%20improve%20customer%20service/svgz_citizensfirst_ex.svgz?cq=50&cpy=Center" loading="lazy"/></picture></div><div class="mck-u-sr-only"></div></div> <h2>Seizing the opportunity</h2> <p> Consumer expectations are only increasing as technological advances such as smartphones and apps open new frontiers of convenience, speed, and transparency. Our analysis of the survey and our experience in the public and private sectors suggest that government leaders can take four steps to improve the customer experience in line with the private sector:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Put services for citizens on the leadership agenda.</strong> For many governments, meaningful improvements in the citizen experience will require changing processes, employees’ mind-sets and capabilities, and the organizational culture. A critical element of any program to achieve these goals would be for leaders to make them a central part of the management agenda. Leaders must personally invest in the effort by setting high aspirations, establishing a process for reviewing its progress, holding the team that runs it accountable for results, and sharing and replicating best practices.</li> <li><strong>Set priorities for innovation.</strong> Senior leaders must identify the greatest opportunities to improve the satisfaction of citizens through innovation. In making these decisions, leaders should complement data-driven analyses with top-down, judgment-driven evaluations about where to focus.</li> <li><strong>Focus transformation programs on service elements that matter most to the satisfaction of citizens.</strong> Transformation programs to improve the experience of citizens should focus on the service elements they care about most. Government leaders should adopt the perspective of a citizen passing through the end-to-end experience of a particular process and seek to optimize the complete journey. They should not only apply insights from citizen surveys, interviews, and feedback but also work with citizens and agency staff to prototype and pressure-test potential solutions.</li> <li><strong>Measure citizen satisfaction regularly.</strong> Given the increasing relevance and power of the citizen experience, we have seen that successful government leaders regularly measure the satisfaction of citizens with state services, to set priorities and reinvigorate or adapt efforts over time, as needs change. Best-in-class organizations track citizen satisfaction nearly in real time to observe changes in levels, to identify pain points, and to gather the reactions of citizens to proposed incremental improvements.</li> </ol> <hr/> <p> Improving the citizen experience tops the agenda of many government leaders, and we believe it is increasingly important across all levels of government and types of services. Both for leaders and their constituents, innovations can deliver improvements such as lower costs, higher citizen satisfaction, and more engaged and satisfied employees. Understanding the citizen needs that matter most should be the foundation for these efforts. By identifying the government services responsible for the greatest dissatisfaction, as well as the underlying causes, governments can design targeted initiatives for improving the citizens’ day-to-day experiences. The public can benefit by transacting business with agencies more quickly, interacting in ways that are more convenient for citizens, and accessing more information about a variety of services. Such compelling and ambitious goals for innovation can be achieved by all government leaders who undertake a rigorous and energized approach.</p> <p> <em>This article is adapted from the McKinsey Center for Government report</em> <a href="/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public and social sector/our insights/how us state governments can improve customer service/putting citizens first how to improve citizens experience and satisfaction with government services.pdf">Putting Citizens First: How to improve citizens’ experience and satisfaction with government services</a> (PDF–5,158KB).</p> </div><div class="container-placeholder"></div></div></div><div class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-gutter-xl"><section role="contentinfo" data-layer-region="article-about-authors" class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 AboutAuthor_mck-c-about-author__nRJzu"><div class="mdc-u-grid-col-md-start-2 mdc-u-grid-col-md-end-12 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-start-3 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-end-11"><h5 data-component="mdc-c-heading" class="mdc-c-heading___0fM1W_8032924 mdc-c-heading--title___5qyOB_8032924 mdc-c-heading--border___K8dj3_8032924 mdc-u-align-center"></h5><div data-component="mdc-c-description" class="mdc-c-description___SrnQP_8032924 mdc-u-ts-8 mck-u-links-inline mck-u-links-inline--secondary mdc-u-mt-5"><div><p> <strong>Aamer Baig</strong> is a director in McKinsey’s Chicago office, <strong>André Dua</strong> is a director in the New York office, and <strong>Vivian Riefberg</strong> is a director in the Washington, DC, office.</p> <p> The authors wish to thank Pablo Halkyard Illanes, Kate Jackson, Cameron Kennedy, and Ben Vonwiller for their contributions to this article.</p></div></div></div></section><section class="mdc-u-grid mdc-u-grid-col-md-12 mck-u-screen-only"><div class="mdc-u-grid-col-md-start-2 mdc-u-grid-col-md-end-12 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-start-5 mdc-u-grid-col-lg-end-9"><h5 data-component="mdc-c-heading" class="mdc-c-heading___0fM1W_8032924 mdc-c-heading--title___5qyOB_8032924 mdc-c-heading--border___K8dj3_8032924 mdc-u-align-center">Explore a career with us</h5><div data-component="mdc-c-link-container" class="mdc-c-link-container___xefGu_8032924 mdc-c-link-container--align-center___ar3mu_8032924"><a data-component="mdc-c-link" href="/careers/search-jobs" class="mdc-c-button___U4iY2_8032924 mdc-c-button--secondary___Boipq_8032924 mdc-c-button--size-large___jwpUy_8032924" aria-label="Search Openings" data-layer-event-prefix="CTA Link" data-layer-action="click" data-layer-category="careers" data-layer-subcategory="search" data-layer-text="Search Openings"><span class="mdc-c-link__label___Pfqtd_8032924">Search Openings</span></a></div></div></section></div></main></div><div data-component="mdc-c-module-wrapper" data-module-theme="light" data-module-background="lightest-grey" data-module-category="StandalonePromo" class="RelatedArticle_mck-c-article-related__GGA76 mck-u-screen-only" data-layer-region="related-articles"><div class="mdc-o-container__wrapper 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type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"locale":"en","dictionary":{},"sitecoreContext":{"route":{"name":"How US state governments can improve customer service","displayName":"How US state governments can improve customer service","fields":null,"databaseName":"web","deviceId":"fe5d7fdf-89c0-4d99-9aa3-b5fbd009c9f3","itemId":"5f89e807-e2e7-4199-876e-939a3d778772","itemLanguage":"en","itemVersion":1,"layoutId":"ae753eb4-a035-40b4-83bf-4b4438df6742","templateId":"683910db-02ba-40ba-92e7-726c880160a9","templateName":"ArticleJSS","placeholders":{"jss-main":[{"uid":"232bb7e9-289f-492d-a916-2b6185e44a84","componentName":"ArticleTemplate","dataSource":"","fields":{"data":{"articleTemplate":{"title":{"jsonValue":{"value":"How US state governments can improve customer service"}},"sEOTitle":{"value":""},"description":{"jsonValue":{"value":"A McKinsey Center for Government survey finds that Americans are often dissatisfied with state services\u0026#8212;and identifies significant opportunities for improvement."}},"sEODescription":{"value":""},"displayDate":{"jsonValue":{"value":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"}},"body":{"value":"[[DownloadsSidebar]] \u003cp\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eTechnological advances\u003c/strong\u003e such as smartphones and apps have opened new frontiers of convenience, speed, and transparency for private-sector customers. At the same time, tightening government budgets are making it difficult for the public sector to deliver services of a similarly high quality. With consumer expectations only increasing, it\u0026rsquo;s perhaps no surprise that interactions with government agencies frustrate and disappoint many citizens. Yet when we sought to find out exactly why, we discovered cause for encouragement: issues that frustrate citizens are solvable, and the frustrations mostly revolve around the way services are provided rather than the services themselves. In fact, we believe governments can significantly improve the service experience while lowering costs and increasing employee engagement and satisfaction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\nDuring the past year, we measured the satisfaction of citizens by surveying approximately 17,000 people across 15 US states. This online survey included more than 100 questions asking citizens to rate their satisfaction across a range of activities, including state services overall, specific attributes of service delivery (such as speed), and specific types of services (for example, public transportation). We also asked participants to rate their satisfaction with specific private-sector services. To analyze our results and develop insights, we applied what we call the McKinsey Citizen Satisfaction Score (CSS) to indicate the net satisfaction level among those surveyed.\u003ca onclick=\"return false;\" href=\"#\" rel=\"#footnote1\" class=\"link-footnote\"\u003e\u003csup\u003e1\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/a\u003e \u003cspan style=\"display: none;\" class=\"tooltip\" id=\"footnote1\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"footnote-content\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"footnote-number\"\u003e1.\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"footnote-text\"\u003e\nThe McKinsey Center for Government calculates the score by subtracting the percentage of citizens who are dissatisfied (those rating their satisfaction at four or lower on a scale of one through ten) from those who are highly satisfied (a satisfaction rating of eight or higher). Ratings of five, six, or seven were considered neutral and therefore excluded from the calculation of the CSS.\n\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"clear\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"footnote-bottom\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\nWe found that the satisfaction of citizens with state services varied considerably, ranging from 22 for the highest-performing state to \u0026ndash;36 for the lowest. Overall, the CSS was positive for eight states and negative for seven. Several common themes emerged:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"bulletList\"\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSpeed, simplicity, and efficiency make citizens happier.\u003c/strong\u003e Participants expressed stronger negative feelings about specific attributes of service delivery than about state services overall. They were dissatisfied with the slowness of service delivery, its complexity, and the effort required to navigate through processes.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSatisfaction is often lower for more essential services.\u003c/strong\u003e Public housing, food stamps, unemployment benefits, and other more essential services received lower satisfaction scores than more discretionary services (such as state parks or cultural facilities) did. This stood out in part because, among all respondents, the average CSS across the 15 states was positive for most services surveyed.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePeople who don\u0026rsquo;t use a service are often more skeptical about its quality.\u003c/strong\u003e There\u0026rsquo;s a perception gap between users and nonusers of state services. The CSS for citizens who used a state service within the past 12 months was, on average, 12 percentage points higher than the score for participants who hadn\u0026rsquo;t done so but still considered themselves informed about its quality. This perception gap was smallest for public safety (1 percent) and largest for public housing (52 percent), followed by Medicaid (46 percent) and food stamps (45 percent).\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCitizens are less satisfied with government services than with private-sector services.\u003c/strong\u003e Government services fared more poorly than private-sector services, with some notable exceptions: state parks, cultural facilities, sporting licenses, public safety, and environmental protection. In fact, the CSS for private-sector services was 2.5 times higher than the score for government ones. The more favorable views about well-regarded service providers, such as e-commerce sites, may not be surprising. However, the fact that citizens were less satisfied with many government services than with cable- or satellite-TV services should concern government leaders.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMost citizens prefer to interact with government online.\u003c/strong\u003e In response to follow-up questions, recent users of services from the department of motor vehicles (DMV) in their states said that the ability to complete processes online was their top priority. The availability of more and clearer information online ranked third. The most satisfied DMV users had no up-front interactions with staff, and satisfaction decreased as citizens interacted with more channels, including call centers and walk-in centers.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n[[exhibit 1]]\n\u003ch2\u003eSeizing the opportunity\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\nConsumer expectations are only increasing as technological advances such as smartphones and apps open new frontiers of convenience, speed, and transparency. Our analysis of the survey and our experience in the public and private sectors suggest that government leaders can take four steps to improve the customer experience in line with the private sector:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePut services for citizens on the leadership agenda.\u003c/strong\u003e For many governments, meaningful improvements in the citizen experience will require changing processes, employees\u0026rsquo; mind-sets and capabilities, and the organizational culture. A critical element of any program to achieve these goals would be for leaders to make them a central part of the management agenda. Leaders must personally invest in the effort by setting high aspirations, establishing a process for reviewing its progress, holding the team that runs it accountable for results, and sharing and replicating best practices.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSet priorities for innovation.\u003c/strong\u003e Senior leaders must identify the greatest opportunities to improve the satisfaction of citizens through innovation. In making these decisions, leaders should complement data-driven analyses with top-down, judgment-driven evaluations about where to focus.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFocus transformation programs on service elements that matter most to the satisfaction of citizens.\u003c/strong\u003e Transformation programs to improve the experience of citizens should focus on the service elements they care about most. Government leaders should adopt the perspective of a citizen passing through the end-to-end experience of a particular process and seek to optimize the complete journey. They should not only apply insights from citizen surveys, interviews, and feedback but also work with citizens and agency staff to prototype and pressure-test potential solutions.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeasure citizen satisfaction regularly.\u003c/strong\u003e Given the increasing relevance and power of the citizen experience, we have seen that successful government leaders regularly measure the satisfaction of citizens with state services, to set priorities and reinvigorate or adapt efforts over time, as needs change. Best-in-class organizations track citizen satisfaction nearly in real time to observe changes in levels, to identify pain points, and to gather the reactions of citizens to proposed incremental improvements.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e\n\u003chr /\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\nImproving the citizen experience tops the agenda of many government leaders, and we believe it is increasingly important across all levels of government and types of services. Both for leaders and their constituents, innovations can deliver improvements such as lower costs, higher citizen satisfaction, and more engaged and satisfied employees. Understanding the citizen needs that matter most should be the foundation for these efforts. By identifying the government services responsible for the greatest dissatisfaction, as well as the underlying causes, governments can design targeted initiatives for improving the citizens\u0026rsquo; day-to-day experiences. The public can benefit by transacting business with agencies more quickly, interacting in ways that are more convenient for citizens, and accessing more information about a variety of services. Such compelling and ambitious goals for innovation can be achieved by all government leaders who undertake a rigorous and energized approach.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cem\u003eThis article is adapted from the McKinsey Center for Government report\u003c/em\u003e \u003ca href=\"/~/media/mckinsey/industries/public and social sector/our insights/how us state governments can improve customer service/putting citizens first how to improve citizens experience and satisfaction with government services.pdf\"\u003ePutting Citizens First: How to improve citizens\u0026rsquo; experience and satisfaction with government services\u003c/a\u003e (PDF\u0026ndash;5,158KB).\u003c/p\u003e\n"},"isFullScreenInteractive":{"boolValue":false},"hideStickySocialShareBar":{"boolValue":false},"desktopID":{"value":""},"mobileID":{"value":""},"desktopURL":{"value":""},"mobileURL":{"value":""},"desktopPaddingPercentage":{"value":""},"mobilePaddingPercentage":{"value":""},"desktopOverrideHeight":{"value":""},"mobileOverrideHeight":{"value":""},"cerosOembedURL":{"value":""},"cerosRenderMode":{"targetItem":null},"cerosBackgroundColor":{"targetItem":null},"hideByLine":{"boolValue":false},"tableOfContentsTitle":{"value":"TABLE OF CONTENTS"},"accessStatus":{"targetItem":{"key":{"value":"RegisteredUsers"},"value":{"value":"Registered Users"}}},"articleType":{"targetItem":{"displayName":"Article"}},"hasSpecialReport":{"boolValue":false},"contentType":{"targetItem":{"displayName":"Article"}},"sourcePublication":{"targetItem":null},"externalPublication":{"value":""},"excludeFromClientLink":{"boolValue":false},"originalPublishDate":{"jsonValue":{"value":"2014-12-01T00:00:00Z"}},"footnotes":{"value":""},"contributoryPractice":{"targetItems":[]},"aboutTheAuthors":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eAamer Baig\u003c/strong\u003e is a director in McKinsey\u0026rsquo;s Chicago office, \u003cstrong\u003eAndré Dua\u003c/strong\u003e is a director in the New York office, and \u003cstrong\u003eVivian Riefberg\u003c/strong\u003e is a director in the Washington, DC, office.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\nThe authors wish to thank Pablo Halkyard Illanes, Kate Jackson, Cameron Kennedy, and Ben Vonwiller for their contributions to this article.\u003c/p\u003e"},"authors":{"targetItems":[{"template":{"id":"3FBABDB63A094F68B1F8E1BBE1BA124E","name":"Author"},"id":"594E1C0BCA894F8C92C39C122ECC4955","name":"Aamer Baig","authorTitle":{"value":"Aamer Baig"},"description":{"value":""},"thumbnailImage":{"alt":"","src":null},"profile":{"targetItems":[{"standardImage":{"src":"/~/media/mckinsey/our people/aamer baig/aamer baig_3579_fc-mask_profile_1536x1152.png","alt":""},"emailLinks":{"value":"Aamer_Baig@mckinsey.com"},"linkedInUrl":{"value":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/aamer-baig/"},"description":{"value":"Helps companies use digital technologies to drive innovation, transform customer experience, and improve productivity, while also building organizational capabilities to sustain long-term impact"},"locations":{"targetItems":[{"name":"Chicago","displayName":"Chicago"}]},"firmTitle":{"value":"Senior Partner"},"thumbnailImage":{"alt":"","src":"/~/media/mckinsey/our people/aamer baig/aamer 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