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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Trawling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trawling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Trawling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trawling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recreational_fishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recreational_fishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Recreational fishing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recreational_fishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Techniques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Techniques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Techniques</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Techniques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tackle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tackle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tackle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tackle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fishing_vessels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fishing_vessels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Fishing vessels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fishing_vessels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_fishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_fishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Traditional fishing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_fishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recreational_fishing_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recreational_fishing_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Recreational fishing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recreational_fishing_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fishing_industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fishing_industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Fishing industry</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fishing_industry-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Fishing industry subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fishing_industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commercial_fishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_fishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Commercial fishing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commercial_fishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fish_farms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fish_farms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Fish farms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fish_farms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fish_products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fish_products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Fish products</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fish_products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fish_marketing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fish_marketing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Fish marketing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fish_marketing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fisheries_management" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fisheries_management"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Fisheries management</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fisheries_management-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Fisheries management subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fisheries_management-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sustainability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sustainability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Sustainability</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sustainability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Animal_welfare_concerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Animal_welfare_concerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Animal welfare concerns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Animal_welfare_concerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plastic_pollution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plastic_pollution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Plastic pollution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plastic_pollution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Cultural impact</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultural_impact-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cultural impact subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cultural_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Community" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Community"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Community</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Community-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Economic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Semantic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Semantic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Semantic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Semantic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.4</span> <span>Religious</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fishing</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 106 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-106" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">106 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visvang" title="Visvang – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Visvang" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisco%C3%BE" title="Fiscoþ – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Fiscoþ" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83" title="صيد الأسماك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صيد الأسماك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Pesca" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pesca" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirakutu" title="Pirakutu – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pirakutu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal%C4%B1q%C3%A7%C4%B1l%C4%B1q" title="Balıqçılıq – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Balıqçılıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="بالیقچیلیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بالیقچیلیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="মৎস্য শিকার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মৎস্য শিকার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maunjun" title="Maunjun – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Maunjun" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lia%CC%8Dh-h%C3%AE" title="Lia̍h-hî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lia̍h-hî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Балыҡ тотоу – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Балыҡ тотоу" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Риболов – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Риболов" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribolov" title="Ribolov – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ribolov" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peskerezh" title="Peskerezh – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Peskerezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pesca" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rybolov" title="Rybolov – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rybolov" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuredza" title="Kuredza – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Kuredza" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pysgota" title="Pysgota – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pysgota" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fischfang" title="Fischfang – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fischfang" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalap%C3%BC%C3%BCk" title="Kalapüük – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kalapüük" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αλιεία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλιεία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pesca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi%C5%9Dkaptado" title="Fiŝkaptado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fiŝkaptado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrantza" title="Arrantza – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arrantza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ماهیگیری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماهیگیری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AAche_(halieutique)" title="Pêche (halieutique) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pêche (halieutique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iascaireacht" title="Iascaireacht – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iascaireacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iasgach" title="Iasgach – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Iasgach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pesca" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9B%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80" title="માછીમારી – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="માછીમારી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%A1%9C" title="어로 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="어로" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%81%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ձկնորսություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ձկնորսություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="मत्स्याखेट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मत्स्याखेट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribolov" title="Ribolov – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ribolov" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peskado" title="Peskado – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Peskado" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iku_azu" title="Iku azu – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Iku azu" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penangkapan_ikan" title="Penangkapan ikan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penangkapan ikan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iqalliqiruun" title="Iqalliqiruun – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Iqalliqiruun" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiskvei%C3%B0ar" title="Fiskveiðar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fiskveiðar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca_(attivit%C3%A0)" title="Pesca (attività) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pesca (attività)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%92" title="דיג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דיג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancing" title="Mancing – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mancing" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C9%94%C9%94_c%C9%94l%CA%8B%CA%8B" title="Pɔɔ cɔlʋʋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Pɔɔ cɔlʋʋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86" title="ಮೀನುಗಾರಿಕೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೀನುಗಾರಿಕೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Балық аулау – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Балық аулау" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uburobyi" title="Uburobyi – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Uburobyi" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uvuvi" title="Uvuvi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uvuvi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lap%C3%A8ch_(aly%C3%A9tik)" title="Lapèch (alyétik) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lapèch (alyétik)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piscatus" title="Piscatus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Piscatus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvejo%C5%A1ana" title="Zvejošana – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zvejošana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ABscherei" title="Fëscherei – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Fëscherei" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BD%C5%ABkl%C4%97" title="Žūklė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žūklė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagai" title="Fagai – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Fagai" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8sserij" title="Vèsserij – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vèsserij" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hal%C3%A1szat" title="Halászat – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Halászat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Риболов – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Риболов" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jono" title="Jono – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Jono" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="മീൻപിടുത്തം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മീൻപിടുത്തം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="मासेमारी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मासेमारी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penangkapan_ikan" title="Penangkapan ikan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Penangkapan ikan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visserij" title="Visserij – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Visserij" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visserieje" title="Visserieje – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Visserieje" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9B%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8" title="माछा पालन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="माछा पालन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BC%81" title="漁 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="漁" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Pesca" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiske" title="Fiske – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fiske" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiske" title="Fiske – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fiske" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AAque" title="Pêque – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Pêque" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Pesca" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baliq_ovlash" title="Baliq ovlash – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Baliq ovlash" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mifoting" title="Mifoting – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Mifoting" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%86%DA%BE%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%DD%A8" title="مچھی پالݨ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مچھی پالݨ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9queu" title="Péqueu – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Péqueu" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fischeree" title="Fischeree – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Fischeree" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%82%C3%B3w_ryb" title="Połów ryb – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Połów ryb" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pesca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pescuit" title="Pescuit – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pescuit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challwa_hap%27iy" title="Challwa hap'iy – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Challwa hap'iy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Рыбная ловля – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рыбная ловля" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Балыктааһын – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Балыктааһын" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisca" title="Pisca – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Pisca" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fishing" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rybolov" title="Rybolov – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rybolov" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribolov" title="Ribolov – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ribolov" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="ڕاوەماسی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕاوەماسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Риболов – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Риболов" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribolov" title="Ribolov – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ribolov" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalastus" title="Kalastus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kalastus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiske" title="Fiske – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fiske" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="மீன் பிடித்தல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மீன் பிடித்தல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%83" title="Балык тоту – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Балык тоту" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaga_tmqulih%E6%BC%81%E6%92%88%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F" title="Gaga tmqulih漁撈方式 – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Gaga tmqulih漁撈方式" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2" title="การจับปลา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การจับปลา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A4i_Rec" title="Mäi Rec – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Mäi Rec" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal%C4%B1k_tutma" title="Balık tutma – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Balık tutma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Рибальство – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рибальство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%81%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ماہی گیری – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ماہی گیری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesca" title="Pesca – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pesca" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalatez" title="Kalatez – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kalatez" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0_nghi%E1%BB%87p" title="Ngư nghiệp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ngư nghiệp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pexhe" title="Pexhe – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Pexhe" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangingisd%C3%A2" title="Pangingisdâ – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pangingisdâ" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8D%95%E9%B1%BC" title="捕鱼 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="捕鱼" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8D%89%E9%AD%9A" title="捉魚 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="捉魚" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8D%95%E9%AD%9A" title="捕魚 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="捕魚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14373#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Fishing" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&oldid=1260325302" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Fishing&id=1260325302&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" 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href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Fishing" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14373" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Activity of trying to catch fish</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Fishing_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Fishing (disambiguation)">Fishing (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Phishing" title="Phishing">Phishing</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Pishing">Pishing</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:304px;max-width:304px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stilts_fishermen_Sri_Lanka_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Stilts_fishermen_Sri_Lanka_02.jpg/300px-Stilts_fishermen_Sri_Lanka_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Stilts_fishermen_Sri_Lanka_02.jpg/450px-Stilts_fishermen_Sri_Lanka_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Stilts_fishermen_Sri_Lanka_02.jpg/600px-Stilts_fishermen_Sri_Lanka_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Stilts fishermen, Sri Lanka</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:302px;max-width:302px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P%C3%A1tzcuaro-Trad-Fishing-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/P%C3%A1tzcuaro-Trad-Fishing-3.jpg/300px-P%C3%A1tzcuaro-Trad-Fishing-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/P%C3%A1tzcuaro-Trad-Fishing-3.jpg/450px-P%C3%A1tzcuaro-Trad-Fishing-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/P%C3%A1tzcuaro-Trad-Fishing-3.jpg/600px-P%C3%A1tzcuaro-Trad-Fishing-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="596" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">Fishing with nets, Mexico</div></div></div></div></div> <p><b>Fishing</b> is the activity of trying to catch <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a>. Fish are often caught as <a href="/wiki/Wildlife" title="Wildlife">wildlife</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">natural environment</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fresh_water" title="Fresh water">fresh water</a> or <a href="/wiki/Marine_ecosystem" title="Marine ecosystem">marine</a>), but may also be caught from <a href="/wiki/Fish_stocking" title="Fish stocking">stocked</a> <a href="/wiki/Bodies_of_water" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodies of water">bodies of water</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Fish_pond" title="Fish pond">ponds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Park" title="Park">park</a> <a href="/wiki/Wetland" title="Wetland">wetlands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reservoir" title="Reservoir">reservoirs</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fishing_techniques" title="Fishing techniques">Fishing techniques</a> include <a href="/wiki/Trawling" title="Trawling">trawling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Longline_fishing" title="Longline fishing">longlining</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jigging" title="Jigging">jigging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gathering_seafood_by_hand" class="mw-redirect" title="Gathering seafood by hand">hand-gathering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spearfishing" title="Spearfishing">spearing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish_net" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish net">netting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">angling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bowfishing" title="Bowfishing">shooting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_trap" title="Fish trap">trapping</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Destructive_fishing_practices" title="Destructive fishing practices">more destructive</a> and often <a href="/wiki/Illegal_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal fishing">illegal</a> techniques such as <a href="/wiki/Electrofishing" title="Electrofishing">electrocution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blast_fishing" title="Blast fishing">blasting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cyanide_fishing" title="Cyanide fishing">poisoning</a>. </p><p>The term fishing broadly includes catching <a href="/wiki/Aquatic_animal" title="Aquatic animal">aquatic animals</a> other than fish, such as <a href="/wiki/Crustacean" title="Crustacean">crustaceans</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shrimp" title="Shrimp">shrimp</a>/<a href="/wiki/Lobster" title="Lobster">lobsters</a>/<a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">crabs</a>), <a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">shellfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cephalopod" title="Cephalopod">cephalopods</a> (<a href="/wiki/Octopus" title="Octopus">octopus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Squid" title="Squid">squid</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Echinoderm" title="Echinoderm">echinoderms</a> (<a href="/wiki/Starfish" title="Starfish">starfish</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sea_urchin" title="Sea urchin">sea urchins</a>). The term is not normally applied to harvesting fish raised in <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">controlled cultivations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fish_farm" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish farm">fish farming</a>). Nor is it normally applied to hunting <a href="/wiki/Aquatic_mammal" title="Aquatic mammal">aquatic mammals</a>, where terms like <a href="/wiki/Whaling" title="Whaling">whaling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seal_hunting" title="Seal hunting">sealing</a> are used instead. </p><p>Fishing has been an important part of <a href="/wiki/Human_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Human culture">human culture</a> since <a href="/wiki/Hunter-gatherer" title="Hunter-gatherer">hunter-gatherer</a> times. It is one of the few <a href="/wiki/Food_production" class="mw-redirect" title="Food production">food production</a> activities that has persisted from <a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">prehistory</a> into the <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_history" title="Contemporary history">modern age</a>, surviving both the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution" title="Neolithic Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Technological_revolution#History" title="Technological revolution">successive Industrial Revolutions</a>. In addition to fishing <a href="/wiki/Fish_as_food" title="Fish as food">for food</a>, people commonly fish as a <a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">recreational pastime</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fishing_tournament" title="Fishing tournament">Fishing tournaments</a> are held, and caught fish are sometimes kept long-term as <a href="/wiki/Taxidermy" title="Taxidermy">preserved</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fishkeeping" title="Fishkeeping">living</a> <a href="/wiki/Trophy_hunting" title="Trophy hunting">trophies</a>. When <a href="/wiki/Bioblitz" class="mw-redirect" title="Bioblitz">bioblitzes</a> occur, fish are typically <a href="/wiki/Catch_and_release" title="Catch and release">caught, identified, and then released</a>. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">FAO</a> statistics, the total number of <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">commercial fishers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_farming" title="Fish farming">fish farmers</a> is estimated to be 39.0 million.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry" title="Fishing industry">Fishing industries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">aquaculture</a> provide direct and indirect <a href="/wiki/Employment" title="Employment">employment</a> to over 500 million people in <a href="/wiki/Developing_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Developing countries">developing countries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, the worldwide <i>per capita</i> consumption of fish captured from <a href="/wiki/Wild_fisheries" title="Wild fisheries">wild fisheries</a> was 14.4 kilograms (32 lb), with an additional 7.4 kilograms (16 lb) harvested from <a href="/wiki/Fish_farming" title="Fish farming">fish farms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/History_of_fishing" title="History of fishing">History of fishing</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_seafood" title="History of seafood">History of seafood</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fishing_tools_stone_age_SPMZ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Fishing_tools_stone_age_SPMZ.jpg/220px-Fishing_tools_stone_age_SPMZ.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Fishing_tools_stone_age_SPMZ.jpg/330px-Fishing_tools_stone_age_SPMZ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Fishing_tools_stone_age_SPMZ.jpg/440px-Fishing_tools_stone_age_SPMZ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Fishing tools from the <a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic">Mesolithic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> period</figcaption></figure> <p>Fishing is an ancient practice that dates back to at least the beginning of the Upper <a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</a> period about 40,000 years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Isotope_analysis" title="Isotope analysis">Isotopic analysis</a> of the remains of <a href="/wiki/Tianyuan_man" title="Tianyuan man">Tianyuan man</a>, a 40,000-year-old modern human from eastern Asia, has shown that he regularly consumed freshwater fish.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Archaeological" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological">Archaeology</a> features such as <a href="/wiki/Midden" title="Midden">shell middens</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> discarded fish bones, and <a href="/wiki/Cave_painting" title="Cave painting">cave paintings</a> show that <a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">seafood</a> was important for survival and consumed in significant quantities. Fishing in Africa is evident very early on in human history. <a href="/wiki/Neanderthal" title="Neanderthal">Neanderthals</a> were fishing by about 200,000 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-quatr.us_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quatr.us-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People could have developed basketry for fish traps, using spinning and early forms of <a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">knitting</a> to make fishing nets<sup id="cite_ref-quatr.us_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quatr.us-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> able to catch more fish.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this period, most people lived a <a href="/wiki/Hunter-gatherer" title="Hunter-gatherer">hunter-gatherer</a> lifestyle and were, of necessity, constantly on the move. However, where there are early examples of permanent settlements (though not necessarily permanently occupied) such as those at <a href="/wiki/Lepenski_Vir" title="Lepenski Vir">Lepenski Vir</a>, they are almost always associated with fishing as a major source of food. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trawling">Trawling</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Trawling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The British <a href="/wiki/Dogger_(boat)" title="Dogger (boat)">dogger</a> was a very early type of sailing <a href="/wiki/Trawler_(fishing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trawler (fishing)">trawler</a> from the 17th century, but the modern fishing trawler was developed in the 19th century, at the English fishing port of <a href="/wiki/Brixham" title="Brixham">Brixham</a>. By the early 19th century, the fishers at Brixham needed to expand their fishing area further than ever before due to the ongoing depletion of stocks that was occurring in the <a href="/wiki/Overfishing" title="Overfishing">overfished</a> waters of <a href="/wiki/South_Devon" title="South Devon">South Devon</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Brixham_trawler" title="Brixham trawler">Brixham trawler</a> that evolved there was of a sleek build and had a tall <a href="/wiki/Gaff_rig" title="Gaff rig">gaff rig</a>, which gave the vessel sufficient speed to make long-distance trips out to the fishing grounds in the ocean. They were also sufficiently robust to be able to tow large trawls in deep water. The great trawling fleet that built up at Brixham earned the village the title of 'Mother of Deep-Sea Fisheries'.<sup id="cite_ref-kjappeal_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kjappeal-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Brixham_trawler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/A_Brixham_trawler.jpg/220px-A_Brixham_trawler.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/A_Brixham_trawler.jpg/330px-A_Brixham_trawler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/A_Brixham_trawler.jpg/440px-A_Brixham_trawler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="832" /></a><figcaption>Painting of <i>A Brixham trawler</i> by <a href="/wiki/William_Adolphus_Knell" title="William Adolphus Knell">William Adolphus Knell</a>. The painting is now in the <a href="/wiki/National_Maritime_Museum" title="National Maritime Museum">National Maritime Museum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>This revolutionary design made large-scale trawling in the ocean possible for the first time, resulting in a massive migration of fishers from the ports in the south of England, to villages further north, such as <a href="/wiki/Scarborough,_North_Yorkshire" title="Scarborough, North Yorkshire">Scarborough</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingston_upon_Hull" title="Kingston upon Hull">Hull</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grimsby" title="Grimsby">Grimsby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harwich" title="Harwich">Harwich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Great_Yarmouth" title="Great Yarmouth">Yarmouth</a>, that were points of access to the large fishing grounds in the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kjappeal_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kjappeal-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The small village of <a href="/wiki/Grimsby" title="Grimsby">Grimsby</a> grew to become the largest fishing port in the world<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by the mid 19th century. An <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Parliament">Act of Parliament</a> was first obtained in 1796, which authorised the construction of new quays and dredging of the Haven to make it deeper.<sup id="cite_ref-lochist_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lochist-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was only in 1846, with the tremendous expansion in the <a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry" title="Fishing industry">fishing industry</a>, that the <a href="/wiki/Grimsby_Docks" class="mw-redirect" title="Grimsby Docks">Grimsby Dock Company</a> was formed. The foundation stone for the Royal Dock was laid by <a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Albert</a> the <a href="/wiki/Prince_consort" title="Prince consort">Prince consort</a> in 1849. The dock covered 25 acres (10 ha) and was formally opened by <a href="/wiki/Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria of the United Kingdom">Queen Victoria</a> in 1854 as the first modern fishing port. </p><p>The elegant <a href="/wiki/Brixham_trawler" title="Brixham trawler">Brixham trawler</a> spread across the world, influencing fishing fleets everywhere.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of the 19th century, there were over 3,000 fishing trawlers in commission in Britain, with almost 1,000 at Grimsby. These trawlers were sold to fishers around Europe, including from the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a>. Twelve trawlers went on to form the nucleus of the German fishing fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest steam-powered fishing boats first appeared in the 1870s and used the <a href="/wiki/Trawl" class="mw-redirect" title="Trawl">trawl</a> system of fishing as well as lines and drift nets. These were large boats, usually 80–90 feet (24–27 m) in length with a beam of around 20 feet (6 m). They weighed 40–50 tons and travelled at 9–11 knots (17–20 km/h; 10–13 mph). David Allen designed and made the earliest purpose-built fishing vessels in <a href="/wiki/Leith" title="Leith">Leith</a>, Scotland in March 1875, when he converted a drifter to steam power. In 1877, he built the first <a href="/wiki/Screw_propeller" class="mw-redirect" title="Screw propeller">screw propelled</a> <a href="/wiki/Steamship" title="Steamship">steam trawler</a> in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-grantontrawlers_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grantontrawlers-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Steam trawlers were introduced at <a href="/wiki/Grimsby" title="Grimsby">Grimsby</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingston_upon_Hull" title="Kingston upon Hull">Hull</a> in the 1880s. In 1890 it was estimated that there were 20,000 men on the North Sea. The steam drifter was not used in the herring fishery until 1897. The last sailing fishing trawler was built in 1925 in Grimsby. Trawler designs adapted as the way they were powered changed from sail to coal-fired steam by <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> to <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turbines" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbines">turbines</a> by the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. </p><p>In 1931, the first powered drum was created by Laurie Jarelainen. The drum was a circular device that was set to the side of the boat and would draw in the nets. Since <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radio_navigation_aid" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio navigation aid">radio navigation aids</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fishfinder" title="Fishfinder">fish finders</a> have been widely used. The first trawlers fished over the side, rather than over the <a href="/wiki/Stern" title="Stern">stern</a>. The first purpose-built stern trawler was <i>Fairtry</i> built in 1953 at <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen" title="Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>, Scotland. The ship was much larger than any other trawlers then in operation and inaugurated the era of the 'super trawler'. As the ship pulled its nets over the stern, it could lift out a much greater haul of up to 60 tons.<sup id="cite_ref-hulltrawler_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hulltrawler-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ship served as a basis for the expansion of 'super trawlers' around the world in the following decades.<sup id="cite_ref-hulltrawler_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hulltrawler-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recreational_fishing">Recreational fishing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Recreational fishing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">Recreational fishing</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_John_Rhead_-_Izaak_Wolton_and_his_scholar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Louis_John_Rhead_-_Izaak_Wolton_and_his_scholar.jpg/170px-Louis_John_Rhead_-_Izaak_Wolton_and_his_scholar.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Louis_John_Rhead_-_Izaak_Wolton_and_his_scholar.jpg/255px-Louis_John_Rhead_-_Izaak_Wolton_and_his_scholar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Louis_John_Rhead_-_Izaak_Wolton_and_his_scholar.jpg/340px-Louis_John_Rhead_-_Izaak_Wolton_and_his_scholar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="591" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Izaak_Walton" title="Izaak Walton">Izaak Walton</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Compleat_Angler" title="The Compleat Angler">Compleat Angler</a></i>, published in 1653 helped popularise fly fishing as a sport.<br />Woodcut by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Rhead" title="Louis Rhead">Louis Rhead</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The early evolution of fishing as recreation is not clear. For example, there is anecdotal evidence for <a href="/wiki/Fly_fishing" title="Fly fishing">fly fishing</a> in Japan. However, fly fishing was likely to have been a means of survival, rather than recreation. The earliest English essay on recreational fishing was published in 1496, by <a href="/wiki/Juliana_Berners" title="Juliana Berners">Dame Juliana Berners</a>, the prioress of the Benedictine <a href="/wiki/Sopwell_Priory" title="Sopwell Priory">Sopwell Nunnery</a>. The essay was titled <i>Treatyse of Fysshynge wyth an Angle</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and included detailed information on fishing waters, the construction of <a href="/wiki/Fishing_rod" title="Fishing rod">rods</a> and lines, and the use of natural baits and artificial flies.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recreational fishing took a great leap forward after the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a>, where a newly found interest in the activity left its mark on the many books and treatises that were written on the subject at the time. <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Mascall" title="Leonard Mascall">Leonard Mascall</a> in 1589 wrote <i>A booke of Fishing with Hooke and Line</i> along with many others he produced in his life on game and wildlife in England at the time. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Compleat_Angler" title="The Compleat Angler">The Compleat Angler</a></i> was written by <a href="/wiki/Izaak_Walton" title="Izaak Walton">Izaak Walton</a> in 1653 (although Walton continued to add to it for a quarter of a century) and described the fishing in the <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a> <a href="/wiki/River_Wye,_Derbyshire" title="River Wye, Derbyshire">Wye</a>. It was a celebration of the art and spirit of fishing in prose and verse. A second part to the book was added by Walton's friend <a href="/wiki/Charles_Cotton" title="Charles Cotton">Charles Cotton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Herdfly_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herdfly-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Charles Kirby designed an improved fishing hook in 1655 that remains relatively unchanged to this day. He went on to invent the Kirby bend, a distinctive hook with an offset point, still commonly used today.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ustonson_advert.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/e8/Ustonson_advert.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="408" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="408" /></a><figcaption>Trading card of the Ustonson company, an early firm specialising in fishing equipment, and holder of a <a href="/wiki/Royal_warrant_of_appointment_(United_Kingdom)" title="Royal warrant of appointment (United Kingdom)">royal warrant</a> from the 1760s.</figcaption></figure> <p>The 18th century was mainly an era of consolidation of the techniques developed in the previous century. Running rings began to appear along the fishing rods, which gave anglers greater control over the cast line. The rods themselves were also becoming increasingly sophisticated and specialised for different roles. Jointed rods became common from the middle of the century and <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a> came to be used for the top section of the rod, giving it much greater strength and flexibility. </p><p>The industry also became commercialised – rods and tackle were sold at the <a href="/wiki/Haberdashers" class="mw-redirect" title="Haberdashers">haberdashers</a> store. After the <a href="/wiki/Great_Fire_of_London" title="Great Fire of London">Great Fire of London</a> in 1666, artisans moved to <a href="/wiki/Redditch" title="Redditch">Redditch</a> which became a centre of production of fishing-related products from the 1730s. Onesimus Ustonson established his shop in 1761, and his establishment remained a market leader for the next century. He received a <a href="/wiki/Royal_warrant_of_appointment_(United_Kingdom)" title="Royal warrant of appointment (United Kingdom)">royal warrant</a> from three successive monarchs starting with King <a href="/wiki/George_IV" title="George IV">George IV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also invented the <a href="/wiki/Fishing_reel" title="Fishing reel">multiplying winch</a>. The commercialization of the industry came at a time of expanded interest in fishing as a recreational hobby for members of the <a href="/wiki/Aristocracy" title="Aristocracy">aristocracy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The impact of the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> was first felt in the manufacture of fly lines. Instead of anglers twisting their lines – a laborious and time-consuming process – the new textile spinning machines allowed for a variety of tapered lines to be easily manufactured and marketed. </p><p>British fly fishing continued to develop in the 19th century, with the emergence of fly fishing clubs, along with the appearance of several books on the subject of fly tying and fly fishing techniques. </p><p>By the mid to late 19th century, expanding <a href="/wiki/Leisure" title="Leisure">leisure</a> opportunities for the middle and lower classes began to have an effect on fly fishing, which steadily grew in mass appeal. The expansion of the railway network in Britain allowed the less affluent for the first time to take weekend trips to the seaside or rivers for fishing. Richer <a href="/wiki/Hobby" title="Hobby">hobbyists</a> ventured further abroad.<sup id="cite_ref-Herdy1800-1850_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herdy1800-1850-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The large rivers of <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> replete with large stocks of <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">salmon</a> began to attract fishers from England in large numbers in the middle of the century – <i>Jones's guide to Norway, and salmon-fisher's pocket companion</i>, published in 1848, was written by Frederic Tolfrey and was a popular guide to the country.<sup id="cite_ref-Herdy1800-1850_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herdy1800-1850-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nottingham_reel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/eb/Nottingham_reel.jpg/230px-Nottingham_reel.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/eb/Nottingham_reel.jpg/345px-Nottingham_reel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/eb/Nottingham_reel.jpg/460px-Nottingham_reel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>'Nottingham' and 'Scarborough' reel designs.</figcaption></figure> <p>Modern reel design had begun in England during the latter part of the 18th century, and the predominant model in use was known as the '<a href="/wiki/Nottingham" title="Nottingham">Nottingham</a> reel'. The reel was a wide drum that spooled out freely and was ideal for allowing the bait to drift a long way out with the current. Geared multiplying reels never successfully caught on in Britain, but had more success in the United States, where <a href="/wiki/George_Snyder_(fly_reels)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Snyder (fly reels)">George Snyder</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> modified similar models into his bait-casting reel, the first American-made design in 1810.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The material used for the rod itself changed from the heavy woods native to England to lighter and more elastic varieties imported from abroad, especially from South America and the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies" title="West Indies">West Indies</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">Bamboo</a> rods became the generally favoured option from the mid-19th century, and several strips of the material were cut from the cane, milled into shape, and then glued together to form the light, strong, hexagonal rods with a solid core that were superior to anything that preceded them. <a href="/wiki/George_Cotton" title="George Cotton">George Cotton</a> and his predecessors fished their flies with long rods, and light lines allowing the wind to do most of the work of getting the fly to the fish.<sup id="cite_ref-Brit_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brit-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trout_fishing_1860s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Trout_fishing_1860s.jpg/220px-Trout_fishing_1860s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Trout_fishing_1860s.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="239" /></a><figcaption>Fishing became a popular recreational activity in the 19th century. Print from <a href="/wiki/Currier_and_Ives" title="Currier and Ives">Currier and Ives</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Tackle design began to improve in the 1880s. The introduction of new woods to the manufacture of fly rods made it possible to cast flies into the wind on silk lines, instead of <a href="/wiki/Horse_hair" class="mw-redirect" title="Horse hair">horse hair</a>. These lines allowed for a much greater casting distance. However, these early fly lines proved troublesome as they had to be coated with various dressings to make them float and needed to be taken off the reel and dried every four hours or so to prevent them from becoming waterlogged. Another negative consequence was that it became easy for the much longer line to get into a tangle – this was called a 'tangle' in Britain, and a 'backlash' in the US. This problem spurred the invention of the regulator to evenly spool the line out and prevent tangling.<sup id="cite_ref-Brit_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brit-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The American, Charles F. Orvis, designed and distributed a novel reel and fly design in 1874, described by reel historian Jim Brown as the "benchmark of American reel design," and the first fully modern fly reel.<sup id="cite_ref-brown_reel_treasury_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown_reel_treasury-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-schullery_orvis_story_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-schullery_orvis_story-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Albert_Illingworth,_1st_Baron_Illingworth" title="Albert Illingworth, 1st Baron Illingworth">Albert Illingworth, 1st Baron Illingworth</a> a textiles magnate, patented the modern form of fixed-spool spinning reel in 1905. When casting Illingworth's reel design, the line was drawn off the leading edge of the spool but was restrained and rewound by a line pickup, a device which orbits around the stationary spool. Because the line did not have to pull against a rotating spool, much lighter lures could be cast than with conventional reels.<sup id="cite_ref-Brit_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brit-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The development of inexpensive <a href="/wiki/Fiberglass" title="Fiberglass">fiberglass</a> rods, synthetic fly lines, and monofilament leaders in the early 1950s revived the popularity of fly fishing. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm/220px--Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="36" data-mwtitle="Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm/Man_fishing_on_the_beach_-_kanagawa_-_2023_12_16.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>A man casting a lure and spinning the reel in <a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanagawa prefecture">Kanagawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Techniques">Techniques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Techniques"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C4%90%C3%B3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/%C4%90%C3%B3.jpg/220px-%C4%90%C3%B3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/%C4%90%C3%B3.jpg/330px-%C4%90%C3%B3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/%C4%90%C3%B3.jpg/440px-%C4%90%C3%B3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Fishermen with traditional fish traps, Vietnam</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fishing_techniques" title="Fishing techniques">Fishing techniques</a></div> <p>There are many fishing techniques and tactics for catching fish. The term can also be applied to methods for catching other <a href="/wiki/Aquatic_animal" title="Aquatic animal">aquatic animals</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Molluscs" class="mw-redirect" title="Molluscs">molluscs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">shellfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Squid" title="Squid">squid</a>, octopus) and edible marine <a href="/wiki/Invertebrate" title="Invertebrate">invertebrates</a>. </p><p>Fishing techniques include <a href="/wiki/Gathering_seafood_by_hand" class="mw-redirect" title="Gathering seafood by hand">hand gathering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spearfishing" title="Spearfishing">spearfishing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish_net" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish net">netting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">angling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bowfishing" title="Bowfishing">bowfishing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_trap" title="Fish trap">trapping</a>, as well as less common techniques such as <a href="/wiki/Fishing_gaff" title="Fishing gaff">gaffing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snagging" title="Snagging">snagging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Club_(weapon)" title="Club (weapon)">clubbing</a> and the use of specially trained animals such as <a href="/wiki/Cormorant_fishing" title="Cormorant fishing">cormorants</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otter_fishing" title="Otter fishing">otters</a>. There are also <a href="/w/index.php?title=Destructive_fishing_practice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Destructive fishing practice (page does not exist)">destructive fishing techniques</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Electrofishing" title="Electrofishing">electrocution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blast_fishing" title="Blast fishing">blasting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cyanide_fishing" title="Cyanide fishing">poisoning</a>) that can do irreversible damage to the local <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">ecosystems</a> by killing/<a href="/wiki/Sterilization_(medicine)" title="Sterilization (medicine)">sterilizing</a> entire <a href="/wiki/Fish_stocks" title="Fish stocks">fish stocks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Habitat_destruction" title="Habitat destruction">habitat destruction</a> and/or upsetting the equilibrium of <a href="/wiki/Interspecific_competition" title="Interspecific competition">interspecific competitions</a>, and such practices are often deemed <a href="/wiki/Illegal_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal fishing">illegal</a> and liable to <a href="/wiki/Criminal_punishment" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal punishment">criminal punishments</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">Recreational</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">commercial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artisan_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Artisan fishing">artisanal</a> fishers use different techniques, and also, sometimes, the same techniques. Recreational fishers fish for pleasure, sport, or to provide food for themselves, while commercial fishers fish for profit. Artisanal fishers use traditional, low-tech methods, for survival in third-world countries, and as a cultural heritage in other countries. Usually, recreational fishers use angling methods and commercial fishers use netting methods. A modern development is to fish with the assistance of a <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">drone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Why a fish bites a baited hook or lure involves several factors related to the sensory physiology, behaviour, feeding ecology, and biology of the fish as well as the environment and characteristics of the bait/hook/lure.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is an intricate link between various fishing techniques and knowledge about the fish and their behaviour including <a href="/wiki/Fish_migration" title="Fish migration">migration</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forage_fish" title="Forage fish">foraging</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_habitats" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanic habitats">habitat</a>. The effective use of fishing techniques often depends on this additional knowledge.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some fishers follow <a href="/wiki/Solunar_theory" title="Solunar theory">fishing folklores</a> which claim that fish feeding patterns are influenced by the position of the sun and the moon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tackle">Tackle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Tackle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Angler_at_devizes_england_arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Man seated at the side of the water surrounded by fishing rods and tackle." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Angler_at_devizes_england_arp.jpg/220px-Angler_at_devizes_england_arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Angler_at_devizes_england_arp.jpg/330px-Angler_at_devizes_england_arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Angler_at_devizes_england_arp.jpg/440px-Angler_at_devizes_england_arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2077" data-file-height="1480" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">angler</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Kennet_and_Avon_Canal" title="Kennet and Avon Canal">Kennet and Avon Canal</a>, England, with his tackle</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fishing_tackle" title="Fishing tackle">Fishing tackle</a></div> <p>Fishing tackles are the equipment used by <a href="/wiki/Fisherman" title="Fisherman">fishers</a> when fishing. Almost any equipment or gear used for fishing can be called a fishing tackle, although the term is most commonly associated with gear used in <a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">angling</a>. Some examples are <a href="/wiki/Fishing_hook" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing hook">hooks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_line" title="Fishing line">lines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_sinker" title="Fishing sinker">sinkers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_float" title="Fishing float">floats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_rod" title="Fishing rod">rods</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_reel" title="Fishing reel">reels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_bait" title="Fishing bait">baits</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_lure" title="Fishing lure">lures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spearfishing" title="Spearfishing">spears</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_net" title="Fishing net">nets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_gaff" title="Fishing gaff">gaffs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_trap" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing trap">traps</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waders_(footwear)" title="Waders (footwear)">waders</a>, and tackle boxes. <a href="/wiki/Fishing_techniques" title="Fishing techniques">Fishing techniques</a> refer to the ways the tackles are used when fishing. </p><p>Tackles that are attached to the end of a fishing line are collectively called <b>terminal tackles</b>. These include hooks, sinkers, floats, leader lines, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_swivel" title="Fishing swivel">swivels</a>, split rings, and any wires, snaps, beads, spoons, blades, spinners and clevises used to attach spinner blades to fishing lures. People also tend to use dead or live <a href="/wiki/Bait_fish" title="Bait fish">bait fish</a> as another form of <a href="/wiki/Fishing_bait" title="Fishing bait">bait</a>. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fishing_vessels">Fishing vessels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fishing vessels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Krabbenkutter_Ivonne_Pellworm_P5242390jm.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Krabbenkutter_Ivonne_Pellworm_P5242390jm.JPG/220px-Krabbenkutter_Ivonne_Pellworm_P5242390jm.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Krabbenkutter_Ivonne_Pellworm_P5242390jm.JPG/330px-Krabbenkutter_Ivonne_Pellworm_P5242390jm.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Krabbenkutter_Ivonne_Pellworm_P5242390jm.JPG/440px-Krabbenkutter_Ivonne_Pellworm_P5242390jm.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2183" data-file-height="1633" /></a><figcaption>Commercial crab boat working in the <a href="/wiki/Fishing_in_the_North_Sea" title="Fishing in the North Sea">North Sea</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Small_sport_fishing_boat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Small_sport_fishing_boat.jpg/220px-Small_sport_fishing_boat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Small_sport_fishing_boat.jpg/330px-Small_sport_fishing_boat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Small_sport_fishing_boat.jpg/440px-Small_sport_fishing_boat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Small <a href="/wiki/Sport_fishing_boat" title="Sport fishing boat">sport fishing boat</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Fishing_vessels" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing vessels">Fishing vessels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Traditional_fishing_boats" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional fishing boats">Traditional fishing boats</a></div> <p>A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river. Many different kinds of vessels are used in <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">commercial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artisan_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Artisan fishing">artisanal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">recreational fishing</a>. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a>, in 2004 there were four million commercial fishing vessels.<sup id="cite_ref-FAO_2007_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO_2007-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About 1.3 million of these are decked vessels with enclosed areas. Nearly all of these decked vessels are mechanised, and 40,000 of them are over 100 tons. At the other extreme, two-thirds (1.8 million) of the <a href="/wiki/Deck_(ship)" title="Deck (ship)">undecked</a> boats are traditional craft of various types, powered only by sail and oars.<sup id="cite_ref-FAO_2007_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO_2007-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These boats are used by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Artisan_fishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artisan fishers (page does not exist)">artisan fishers</a>. </p><p>It is difficult to estimate how many <a href="/wiki/Recreational_boat_fishing" title="Recreational boat fishing">recreational fishing boats</a> there are, although the number is high. The term is fluid since some recreational boats may also be used for fishing from time to time. Unlike most commercial fishing vessels, recreational fishing boats are often not dedicated just to fishing. Just about anything that will stay afloat can be called a recreational fishing boat, so long as a <a href="/wiki/Fisherman" title="Fisherman">fisher</a> periodically climbs aboard with the intent to catch a fish. Fish are caught for recreational purposes from boats which range from <a href="/wiki/Dugout_canoe" title="Dugout canoe">dugout canoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Float_tube" title="Float tube">float tubes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kayaks" class="mw-redirect" title="Kayaks">kayaks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raft" title="Raft">rafts</a>, stand up paddleboards, <a href="/wiki/Pontoon_boat" title="Pontoon boat">pontoon boats</a> and small <a href="/wiki/Dinghy" title="Dinghy">dinghies</a> to <a href="/wiki/Runabout_(boat)" title="Runabout (boat)">runabouts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cabin_cruiser" title="Cabin cruiser">cabin cruisers</a> and cruising yachts to large, hi-tech and luxurious <a href="/wiki/Big-game_fishing" title="Big-game fishing">big game</a> rigs.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Larger boats, purpose-built with recreational fishing in mind, usually have large, open <a href="/wiki/Cockpit_(sailing)" title="Cockpit (sailing)">cockpits</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Stern" title="Stern">stern</a>, designed for convenient fishing. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Traditional_fishing">Traditional fishing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Traditional fishing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Artisanal_fishing" title="Artisanal fishing">Artisanal fishing</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Des_jeunes_p%C3%AAcheurs_dans_la_ville_de_San-P%C3%A9dro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Traditional fishing" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Des_jeunes_p%C3%AAcheurs_dans_la_ville_de_San-P%C3%A9dro.jpg/220px-Des_jeunes_p%C3%AAcheurs_dans_la_ville_de_San-P%C3%A9dro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Des_jeunes_p%C3%AAcheurs_dans_la_ville_de_San-P%C3%A9dro.jpg/330px-Des_jeunes_p%C3%AAcheurs_dans_la_ville_de_San-P%C3%A9dro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Des_jeunes_p%C3%AAcheurs_dans_la_ville_de_San-P%C3%A9dro.jpg/440px-Des_jeunes_p%C3%AAcheurs_dans_la_ville_de_San-P%C3%A9dro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4243" data-file-height="2829" /></a><figcaption>Traditional fishing</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditional fishing is any kind of small scale, <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">commercial</a> or <a href="/wiki/Subsistence_economy" title="Subsistence economy">subsistence</a> fishing practices using traditional techniques such as <a href="/wiki/Fishing_rod" title="Fishing rod">rod</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fishing_tackle" title="Fishing tackle">tackle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arrow" title="Arrow">arrows</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harpoon" title="Harpoon">harpoons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Throw_net" class="mw-redirect" title="Throw net">throw nets</a> and drag nets, etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recreational_fishing_2">Recreational fishing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Recreational fishing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">Recreational fishing</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:An_evening_fishing_-_by_Francis_Hannaway.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/An_evening_fishing_-_by_Francis_Hannaway.jpg/220px-An_evening_fishing_-_by_Francis_Hannaway.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/An_evening_fishing_-_by_Francis_Hannaway.jpg/330px-An_evening_fishing_-_by_Francis_Hannaway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/An_evening_fishing_-_by_Francis_Hannaway.jpg/440px-An_evening_fishing_-_by_Francis_Hannaway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1627" data-file-height="1097" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">Angling</a></div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vanda_%C3%A5_Nukariforsen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Vanda_%C3%A5_Nukariforsen.jpg/220px-Vanda_%C3%A5_Nukariforsen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Vanda_%C3%A5_Nukariforsen.jpg/330px-Vanda_%C3%A5_Nukariforsen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Vanda_%C3%A5_Nukariforsen.jpg/440px-Vanda_%C3%A5_Nukariforsen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3200" /></a><figcaption>A fisherman on the rapids in <a href="/wiki/Nukari" title="Nukari">Nukari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nurmij%C3%A4rvi" title="Nurmijärvi">Nurmijärvi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Recreation" title="Recreation">Recreational</a> and sport fishing refer to fishing primarily for <a href="/wiki/Pleasure" title="Pleasure">pleasure</a> or competition. Recreational fishing has conventions, rules, licensing restrictions and laws that limit how fish may be caught; typically, these prohibit the use of nets and the catching of fish with hooks not in the mouth. The most common form of recreational fishing is done with a <a href="/wiki/Fishing_rod" title="Fishing rod">rod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_reel" title="Fishing reel">reel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_line" title="Fishing line">line</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish_hook" title="Fish hook">hooks</a> and any one of a wide range of <a href="/wiki/Bait_(luring_substance)" title="Bait (luring substance)">baits</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fishing_lure" title="Fishing lure">lures</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Artificial_fly" title="Artificial fly">artificial flies</a>. The practice of catching or attempting to catch fish with a hook is generally known as <a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">angling</a>. In angling, it is sometimes expected or required that fish be returned to the water (<a href="/wiki/Catch_and_release" title="Catch and release">catch and release</a>). Recreational or sport fishermen may log their catches or participate in fishing competitions. </p><p>The estimated global number of recreational fishers varies from 220 million to a maximum number of 700 million fishers globally,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is thought to be double the number of individuals working as commercial fishers. In the United States alone it was estimated that 50.1 million people engaged in fishing activities in both <a href="/wiki/Saltwater" class="mw-redirect" title="Saltwater">saltwater</a> and <a href="/wiki/Freshwater" class="mw-redirect" title="Freshwater">freshwater</a> environments.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Big-game_fishing" title="Big-game fishing">Big-game fishing</a> is fishing from boats to catch large open-water species such as <a href="/wiki/Swordfish" title="Swordfish">swordfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuna" title="Tuna">tuna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shark" title="Shark">sharks</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Marlin" title="Marlin">marlin</a>. Sportfishing (sometimes game fishing) is recreational fishing where the primary reward is the challenge of finding and catching the fish rather than the <a href="/wiki/Culinary" class="mw-redirect" title="Culinary">culinary</a> or financial value of the fish's flesh. Fish sought after include <a href="/wiki/Tarpon" title="Tarpon">tarpon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sailfish" title="Sailfish">sailfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mackerel" title="Mackerel">mackerel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grouper" title="Grouper">grouper</a> and many others. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fishing_industry">Fishing industry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Fishing industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry" title="Fishing industry">Fishing industry</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Contribution_of_fish_to_animal_protein_supply,_average_2013-2015.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Contribution of fish to animal protein supply, average 2013–2015"><img alt="Contribution of fish to animal protein supply, average 2013–2015" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Contribution_of_fish_to_animal_protein_supply%2C_average_2013-2015.svg/145px-Contribution_of_fish_to_animal_protein_supply%2C_average_2013-2015.svg.png" decoding="async" width="145" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Contribution_of_fish_to_animal_protein_supply%2C_average_2013-2015.svg/218px-Contribution_of_fish_to_animal_protein_supply%2C_average_2013-2015.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Contribution_of_fish_to_animal_protein_supply%2C_average_2013-2015.svg/291px-Contribution_of_fish_to_animal_protein_supply%2C_average_2013-2015.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="423" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Contribution of fish to animal protein supply, average 2013–2015</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:World_capture_fisheries_and_aquaculture_production.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="World capture fisheries and aquaculture production 1950 - 2015"><img alt="World capture fisheries and aquaculture production 1950 - 2015" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/World_capture_fisheries_and_aquaculture_production.svg/199px-World_capture_fisheries_and_aquaculture_production.svg.png" decoding="async" width="199" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/World_capture_fisheries_and_aquaculture_production.svg/299px-World_capture_fisheries_and_aquaculture_production.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/World_capture_fisheries_and_aquaculture_production.svg/398px-World_capture_fisheries_and_aquaculture_production.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="309" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">World capture fisheries and aquaculture production 1950 - 2015</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 335px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 330px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Employment_In_Agriculture,_Forestry_And_Fishing_By_Region.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="A comparison of employment In agriculture, forestry and fishing by region"><img alt="A comparison of employment In agriculture, forestry and fishing by region" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Employment_In_Agriculture%2C_Forestry_And_Fishing_By_Region.svg/144px-Employment_In_Agriculture%2C_Forestry_And_Fishing_By_Region.svg.png" decoding="async" width="144" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Employment_In_Agriculture%2C_Forestry_And_Fishing_By_Region.svg/215px-Employment_In_Agriculture%2C_Forestry_And_Fishing_By_Region.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Employment_In_Agriculture%2C_Forestry_And_Fishing_By_Region.svg/287px-Employment_In_Agriculture%2C_Forestry_And_Fishing_By_Region.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="428" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A comparison of employment In agriculture, forestry and fishing by region</div> </li> </ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albatun_Dod.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Albatun_Dod.jpg/220px-Albatun_Dod.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Albatun_Dod.jpg/330px-Albatun_Dod.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Albatun_Dod.jpg/440px-Albatun_Dod.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1228" data-file-height="921" /></a><figcaption>Modern Spanish <a href="/wiki/Tuna" title="Tuna">tuna</a> <a href="/wiki/Purse_seiner" class="mw-redirect" title="Purse seiner">purse seiner</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Seychelles_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Seychelles Islands">Seychelles Islands</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The fishing industry includes any industry or activity concerned with taking, culturing, processing, preserving, storing, transporting, marketing or selling fish or fish products. It is defined by the <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a> as including <a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">recreational</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artisan_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Artisan fishing">subsistence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">commercial fishing</a>, and the harvesting, <a href="/wiki/Fish_processing" title="Fish processing">processing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fish_marketing" title="Fish marketing">marketing</a> sectors.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commercial activity is aimed at the delivery of fish and other <a href="/wiki/Seafood_products" class="mw-redirect" title="Seafood products">seafood products</a> for human consumption or use as <a href="/wiki/Raw_material" title="Raw material">raw material</a> in other industrial processes. In 2022 24% of fishers and fish farmers and 62% of workers in post-harvest sector were women.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are three principal industry sectors:<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry#Commercial_sector" title="Fishing industry">commercial sector</a> comprises enterprises and individuals associated with wild-catch or aquaculture resources and the various transformations of those resources into products for sale.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry#Traditional_sector" title="Fishing industry">traditional sector</a> comprises enterprises and individuals associated with fisheries resources from which aboriginal people derive products following their traditions.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry#Recreational_sector" title="Fishing industry">recreational sector</a> comprises enterprises and individuals associated with the purpose of recreation, sport or sustenance with fisheries resources from which products are derived that are not for sale.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial_fishing">Commercial fishing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Commercial fishing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">Commercial fishing</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:French_Fishing_Vessel_%27Alf%27_in_the_Irish_Sea_MOD_45155246.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/French_Fishing_Vessel_%27Alf%27_in_the_Irish_Sea_MOD_45155246.jpg/220px-French_Fishing_Vessel_%27Alf%27_in_the_Irish_Sea_MOD_45155246.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/French_Fishing_Vessel_%27Alf%27_in_the_Irish_Sea_MOD_45155246.jpg/330px-French_Fishing_Vessel_%27Alf%27_in_the_Irish_Sea_MOD_45155246.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/French_Fishing_Vessel_%27Alf%27_in_the_Irish_Sea_MOD_45155246.jpg/440px-French_Fishing_Vessel_%27Alf%27_in_the_Irish_Sea_MOD_45155246.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2650" data-file-height="1750" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Fishing boat in heavy sea</div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Push-up_f%C3%A4lla_-_Ystad-2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Push-up_f%C3%A4lla_-_Ystad-2021.jpg/220px-Push-up_f%C3%A4lla_-_Ystad-2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Push-up_f%C3%A4lla_-_Ystad-2021.jpg/330px-Push-up_f%C3%A4lla_-_Ystad-2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Push-up_f%C3%A4lla_-_Ystad-2021.jpg/440px-Push-up_f%C3%A4lla_-_Ystad-2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1681" data-file-height="1111" /></a><figcaption> Push-up trap developed by <a href="/wiki/Swedish_University_of_Agricultural_Sciences" title="Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences">Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences</a> for more accurate and less harmful fishing</figcaption></figure> <p>Commercial fishing is the capture of fish for commercial purposes. Those who practice it must often pursue fish far from the land under adverse conditions. Commercial fishermen harvest a wide range of aquatic species, from <a href="/wiki/Tuna" title="Tuna">tuna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cod" title="Cod">cod</a> and <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">salmon</a> to <a href="/wiki/Shrimp" title="Shrimp">shrimp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krill" title="Krill">krill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lobster" title="Lobster">lobster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clam" title="Clam">clams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Squid" title="Squid">squid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">crab</a>, in various <a href="/wiki/Fishery" title="Fishery">fisheries</a> for these species. Commercial fishing methods have become very efficient using large nets and sea-going processing factories. <a href="/wiki/Individual_fishing_quota" title="Individual fishing quota">Individual fishing quotas</a> and international treaties seek to control the species and quantities caught. </p><p>A commercial fishing enterprise may vary from one person with a small boat with hand-casting nets or a few pot traps, to a huge fleet of <a href="/wiki/Fishing_trawler" title="Fishing trawler">trawlers</a> processing tons of fish every day. </p><p>Commercial fishing gear includes weights, <a href="/wiki/Fishing_net" title="Fishing net">nets</a> (e.g. purse <a href="/wiki/Seine_fishing" title="Seine fishing">seine</a>), seine nets (e.g. beach seine), <a href="/wiki/Trawl" class="mw-redirect" title="Trawl">trawls</a> (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Bottom_trawling" title="Bottom trawling">bottom trawl</a>), dredges, <a href="/wiki/Fish_hook" title="Fish hook">hooks</a> and line (e.g. <a href="/wiki/Long-line_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Long-line fishing">long line</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hand-line_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Hand-line fishing">handline</a>), lift nets, <a href="/wiki/Gillnet" class="mw-redirect" title="Gillnet">gillnets</a>, entangling nets and <a href="/wiki/Fishing_trap" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing trap">traps</a>. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">Food and Agriculture Organization</a> of the United Nations, the total world <a href="/wiki/Wild_fisheries" title="Wild fisheries">capture fisheries</a> production in 2000 was 86 million tons (FAO 2002). The top producing countries were, in order, the People's Republic of China (excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan), Peru, Japan, the United States, Chile, Indonesia, Russia, India, Thailand, Norway, and Iceland. Those countries accounted for more than half of the world's production; China alone accounted for a third of the world's production. Of that production, over 90% was marine and less than 10% was inland. </p><p>A small number of species support the majority of the world's fisheries. Some of these species are <a href="/wiki/Herring" title="Herring">herring</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cod" title="Cod">cod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sardine" title="Sardine">sardine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anchovy" title="Anchovy">anchovy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuna" title="Tuna">tuna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flounder" title="Flounder">flounder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mullet_(fish)" title="Mullet (fish)">mullet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Squid" title="Squid">squid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shrimp" title="Shrimp">shrimp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salmon" title="Salmon">salmon</a>, crab, <a href="/wiki/Lobster" title="Lobster">lobster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oyster" title="Oyster">oyster</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scallop" title="Scallop">scallops</a>. All except these last four provided a worldwide catch of well over a <a href="/wiki/Million" class="mw-redirect" title="Million">million</a> <a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">tonnes</a> in 1999, with <a href="/wiki/Herring" title="Herring">herring</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sardine" title="Sardine">sardines</a> together providing a catch of over 22 million metric tons in 1999. Many other species as well are fished in smaller numbers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fish_farms">Fish farms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Fish farms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fish_farm" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish farm">Fish farm</a></div> <p>Fish farming is the principal form of <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">aquaculture</a>, while other methods may fall under <a href="/wiki/Mariculture" title="Mariculture">mariculture</a>. It involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food. A facility that releases <a href="/wiki/Juvenile_fish" title="Juvenile fish">juvenile fish</a> into the wild for recreational fishing or to supplement a species' natural population is generally referred to as a <a href="/wiki/Fish_hatchery" title="Fish hatchery">fish hatchery</a>. Fish species raised by fish farms include <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_of_salmon" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquaculture of salmon">salmon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carp" title="Carp">carp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_of_tilapia" title="Aquaculture of tilapia">tilapia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_of_catfish" title="Aquaculture of catfish">catfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_seabass" title="White seabass">white seabass</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trout" title="Trout">trout</a>. </p><p>Increased demands on <a href="/wiki/Wild_fisheries" title="Wild fisheries">wild fisheries</a> by <a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">commercial fishing</a> has caused widespread <a href="/wiki/Overfishing" title="Overfishing">overfishing</a>. Fish farming offers an alternative solution to the increasing market demand for fish. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Derkovits,_Gyula_-_Still-life_with_Fish_I_(1928).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Derkovits%2C_Gyula_-_Still-life_with_Fish_I_%281928%29.jpg/220px-Derkovits%2C_Gyula_-_Still-life_with_Fish_I_%281928%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Derkovits%2C_Gyula_-_Still-life_with_Fish_I_%281928%29.jpg/330px-Derkovits%2C_Gyula_-_Still-life_with_Fish_I_%281928%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Derkovits%2C_Gyula_-_Still-life_with_Fish_I_%281928%29.jpg/440px-Derkovits%2C_Gyula_-_Still-life_with_Fish_I_%281928%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="880" data-file-height="646" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gyula_Derkovits" title="Gyula Derkovits">Gyula Derkovits</a>, <i>still-life with fish</i> (1928)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fish_products">Fish products</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Fish products"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Fish_processing" title="Fish processing">Fish processing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish_products" title="Fish products">Fish products</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish (food)">Fish (food)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">Seafood</a></div> <p>Fish and fish products are <a href="/wiki/Fish_as_food" title="Fish as food">consumed as food</a> all over the world. With other <a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">seafoods</a>, it provides the world's prime source of high-quality <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">protein</a>: 14–16 percent of the animal protein consumed worldwide. Over one billion people rely on fish as their primary source of animal protein.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fish and other aquatic organisms are also processed into various food and non-food products, such as sharkskin leather, pigments made from the inky secretions of <a href="/wiki/Cuttlefish" title="Cuttlefish">cuttlefish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isinglass" title="Isinglass">isinglass</a> used for the <a href="/wiki/Clarification_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarification (wine)">clarification</a> of wine and beer, <a href="/wiki/Fish_emulsion" title="Fish emulsion">fish emulsion</a> used as a <a href="/wiki/Fertiliser" class="mw-redirect" title="Fertiliser">fertiliser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Animal_glue" title="Animal glue">fish glue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish_oil" title="Fish oil">fish oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_meal" title="Fish meal">fish meal</a>. </p><p>Fish are also collected live for research and the <a href="/wiki/Aquarium_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Aquarium trade">aquarium trade</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fish_marketing">Fish marketing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Fish marketing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Fish_market" title="Fish market">Fish market</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_marketing" title="Fish marketing">Fish marketing</a></div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fisheries_management">Fisheries management</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Fisheries management"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fishing_down_the_food_web.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Fishing_down_the_food_web.jpg/220px-Fishing_down_the_food_web.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Fishing_down_the_food_web.jpg/330px-Fishing_down_the_food_web.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Fishing_down_the_food_web.jpg/440px-Fishing_down_the_food_web.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5433" data-file-height="3675" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_down_the_food_web" title="Fishing down the food web">Fishing down the food web</a></div></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Fisheries_management" title="Fisheries management">Fisheries management</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fisheries_science" title="Fisheries science">Fisheries science</a></div> <p>Fisheries management draws on <a href="/wiki/Fisheries_science" title="Fisheries science">fisheries science</a> to find ways to protect <a href="/wiki/Fishery" title="Fishery">fishery</a> resources so sustainable exploitation is possible. Modern fisheries management is often referred to as a governmental system of management rules based on defined objectives and a mix of management means to implement the rules, which are put in place by a system of <a href="/wiki/Monitoring_control_and_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Monitoring control and surveillance">monitoring control and surveillance</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fisheries_science" title="Fisheries science">Fisheries science</a> is the academic discipline of managing and understanding fisheries. It is a multidisciplinary science, which draws on the disciplines of <a href="/wiki/Oceanography" title="Oceanography">oceanography</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marine_biology" title="Marine biology">marine biology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marine_conservation" title="Marine conservation">marine conservation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">ecology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Population_dynamics_of_fisheries" title="Population dynamics of fisheries">population dynamics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a> and management in an attempt to provide an integrated picture of fisheries. In some cases new disciplines have emerged, such as <a href="/wiki/Bioeconomics_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bioeconomics (biology)">bioeconomics</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sustainability">Sustainability</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sustainability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainable fishing">Sustainable fishing</a></div> <p>Stocks fished within biologically sustainable levels decreased from 90% in 1974 to 62.3% in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-:122_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:122-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Issues involved in the long term sustainability of fishing include <a href="/wiki/Overfishing" title="Overfishing">overfishing</a>, <a href="/wiki/By-catch" class="mw-redirect" title="By-catch">by-catch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marine_pollution" title="Marine pollution">marine pollution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_effects_of_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental effects of fishing">environmental effects of fishing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghost_net" title="Ghost net">ghost fishing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fisheries_and_climate_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisheries and climate change">climate change</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fisheries-induced_evolution" title="Fisheries-induced evolution">fisheries-induced evolution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fish_farming" title="Fish farming">fish farming</a>. </p><p>Conservation issues are part of <a href="/wiki/Marine_conservation" title="Marine conservation">marine conservation</a>, and are addressed in <a href="/wiki/Fisheries_science" title="Fisheries science">fisheries science</a> programs. There is a growing gap between how many fish are available to be caught and humanity's desire to catch them, a problem that gets worse as the <a href="/wiki/World_population" title="World population">world population</a> grows. </p><p>Similar to other <a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues" title="Environmental issues">environmental issues</a>, there can be conflict between the fishermen who depend on fishing for their livelihoods and <a href="/wiki/Fisheries_scientists" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisheries scientists">fishery scientists</a> who realise that if future fish populations are to be <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Sustainable fishing">sustainable</a> then some fisheries must limit fishing or cease operations. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Animal_welfare_concerns">Animal welfare concerns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Animal welfare concerns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">Animal welfare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pain_in_fish" title="Pain in fish">Pain in fish</a></div> <p>Historically, some doubted that fish could experience pain. Laboratory experiments have shown that fish do react to painful stimuli (e.g., injections of <a href="/wiki/Bee_venom" class="mw-redirect" title="Bee venom">bee venom</a>) in a similar way to mammals.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is controversial and has been disputed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title=" (November 2019)">further explanation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The expansion of <a href="/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">fish farming</a> as well as animal welfare concerns in society has led to research into more humane and faster ways of killing fish.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In large-scale operations like fish farms, stunning fish with electricity or putting them into water saturated with <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a> so that they cannot breathe, results in death more rapidly than just taking them out of the water. For <a href="/wiki/Sport_fishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport fishing">sport fishing</a>, it is recommended that fish be killed soon after catching them by hitting them on the head followed by <a href="/wiki/Exsanguination" title="Exsanguination">bleeding out</a> or by stabbing the brain with a sharp object<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (called <a href="/wiki/Pithing" title="Pithing">pithing</a> or <i><a href="/wiki/Ike_jime" class="mw-redirect" title="Ike jime">ike jime</a></i> in Japanese). Some believe it is not cruel if you release the catch back to where it was caught however a study in 2018 states that the hook damages an important part of the feeding mechanism by which the fish sucks in food, ignoring the issue of pain.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When fishing there are high chances of catching other marine wildlife in a fishing net. There are over 100 different fishing regulations on paper for reducing this <a href="/wiki/Bycatch" title="Bycatch">bycatch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plastic_pollution">Plastic pollution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Plastic pollution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plastic_Waste_0089.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Plastic_Waste_0089.jpg/220px-Plastic_Waste_0089.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Plastic_Waste_0089.jpg/330px-Plastic_Waste_0089.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Plastic_Waste_0089.jpg/440px-Plastic_Waste_0089.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3936" data-file-height="2624" /></a><figcaption>Plastic pollution</figcaption></figure> <p>Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear includes netting, mono/multifilament lines, hooks, ropes, floats, buoys, sinkers, anchors, metallic materials and fish aggregating devices (FADs) made of non-biodegradable materials such as <a href="/wiki/Concrete" title="Concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymers</a>. It has been estimated that global fishing gear losses each year include 5.7% of all fishing nets, 8.6% of all traps and 29% of all lines used. Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) can have serious impacts on marine organisms through entanglement and ingestion.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The potential for fishing gear to become ALDFG depends on a number of factors including: </p> <ul><li>Environmental factors are mostly related to seafloor topography and obstructions, although tides, currents, waves, winds, and interaction with wildlife are also important.</li> <li>Operational losses and operator errors can occur even during normal fishing operations.</li> <li>Problems such as inadequate fisheries management and regulations that do not include adequate controls can hamper collection of ALDFG (e.g. there may be poor access to collection facilities).</li> <li>Gear loss resulting from conflicts primarily occurs (intentionally or unintentionally) in areas with high concentrations of fishing activities, leading to gear being towed away, fouled, sabotaged or vandalized. Passive and unattended gear such as pots, set gillnets and traps are particularly prone to conflict damage. In the Arctic, conflicts are the most common reason for lost gear.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_impact">Cultural impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Cultural impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ona1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ona1.jpg/220px-Ona1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ona1.jpg/330px-Ona1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ona1.jpg/440px-Ona1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ona,_Sand%C3%B8y" title="Ona, Sandøy">Ona</a>, a traditional fishing village in Norway</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fishing_Woman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Fishing_Woman.jpg/220px-Fishing_Woman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Fishing_Woman.jpg/330px-Fishing_Woman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Fishing_Woman.jpg/440px-Fishing_Woman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Woman with traditional fish catching device made from bamboo in Assam</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Community">Community</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Community"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For communities like <a href="/wiki/Fishing_village" title="Fishing village">fishing villages</a>, fisheries provide not only a source of food and work but also a community and cultural identity.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic">Economic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Economic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some locations may be regarded as fishing destinations, which anglers visit on vacation or for competitions. The economic impact of fishing by visitors may be a significant, or even primary driver of tourism revenue for some destinations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Semantic">Semantic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Semantic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A "<a href="/wiki/Fishing_expedition" title="Fishing expedition">fishing expedition</a>" is a situation where an interviewer implies they know more than they do to trick their target into divulging more information than they wish to reveal. Other examples of fishing terms that carry a negative connotation are: "fishing for compliments", "to be fooled <a href="/wiki/Fishing_tackle#Hook,_line_and_sinker" title="Fishing tackle">hook, line and sinker</a>" (to be fooled beyond merely "taking the bait"), and the internet scam of <a href="/wiki/Phishing" title="Phishing">phishing</a>, in which a third party will duplicate a website where the user would put sensitive information (such as bank codes). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious">Religious</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Religious"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fishing has had an effect on major religions,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including Christianity,<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, and the various <a href="/wiki/New_age" class="mw-redirect" title="New age">new age</a><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> religions. Jesus was said to participate in fishing excursions, and a number of the <a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">miracles</a> and many parables and stories reported in the Bible involve fish or fishing. Since the <a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostle</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a fisherman, the Catholic Church has adopted the use of the <a href="/wiki/Fishermans_ring" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishermans ring">fishermans ring</a> into the Pope's traditional <a href="/wiki/Papal_regalia_and_insignia" title="Papal regalia and insignia">vestments</a>. </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Antennarius_striatus.jpg/32px-Antennarius_striatus.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Antennarius_striatus.jpg/48px-Antennarius_striatus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Antennarius_striatus.jpg/64px-Antennarius_striatus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="209" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Fish" title="Portal:Fish">Fish portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">Angling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artisanal_fishing" title="Artisanal fishing">Artisanal fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_fishing" title="History of fishing">History of fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fishing_villages" title="List of fishing villages">List of fishing villages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">Recreational fishing</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The wording of the following definitions of the fishing industry are based on those used by the Australian government.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFAO2020" class="citation journal cs1">FAO (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9229en">"The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020: Sustainability in Action"</a>. <i>The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture</i>. Rome: FAO: 7. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4060%2Fca9229en">10.4060/ca9229en</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10535%2F3776">10535/3776</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-5-132692-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-5-132692-3"><bdi>978-92-5-132692-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+State+of+World+Fisheries+and+Aquaculture&rft.atitle=The+State+of+World+Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+2020%3A+Sustainability+in+Action&rft.pages=7&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10535%2F3776&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4060%2Fca9229en&rft.isbn=978-92-5-132692-3&rft.au=FAO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.4060%2Fca9229en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/fishery/docs/brochure/climate_change/policy_brief.pdf">Fisheries and Aquaculture in our Changing Climate</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181023120015/http://www.fao.org/fishery/docs/brochure/climate_change/policy_brief.pdf">Archived</a> 23 October 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Policy brief of the <a href="/wiki/FAO" class="mw-redirect" title="FAO">FAO</a> for the <a href="/wiki/UNFCCC" class="mw-redirect" title="UNFCCC">UNFCCC</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Climate_Change_Conference_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Climate Change Conference 2009">COP-15</a> in Copenhagen, December 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/fishery/">"Fisheries and Aquaculture"</a>. FAO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090513075213/http://www.fao.org/fishery">Archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fisheries+and+Aquaculture&rft.pub=FAO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Ffishery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060117013632/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/11/1108_bonetool_2.html">African Bone Tools Dispute Key Idea About Human Evolution</a> National Geographic News article. (archived 17 January 2006)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYaowu_HuHong_ShangHaowen_TongOlaf_Nehlich2009" class="citation journal cs1">Yaowu Hu, Y; Hong Shang, H; Haowen Tong, H; Olaf Nehlich, O; Wu Liu, W; Zhao, C; Yu, J; Wang, C; Trinkaus, E; Richards, M (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2706269">"Stable isotope dietary analysis of the Tianyuan 1 early modern human"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. <b>106</b> (27): 10971–74. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009PNAS..10610971H">2009PNAS..10610971H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0904826106">10.1073/pnas.0904826106</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0027-8424">0027-8424</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2706269">2706269</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19581579">19581579</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Stable+isotope+dietary+analysis+of+the+Tianyuan+1+early+modern+human&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=27&rft.pages=10971-74&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2706269%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2009PNAS..10610971H&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19581579&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.0904826106&rft.issn=0027-8424&rft.aulast=Yaowu+Hu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.au=Hong+Shang%2C+H&rft.au=Haowen+Tong%2C+H&rft.au=Olaf+Nehlich%2C+O&rft.au=Wu+Liu%2C+W&rft.au=Zhao%2C+C&rft.au=Yu%2C+J&rft.au=Wang%2C+C&rft.au=Trinkaus%2C+E&rft.au=Richards%2C+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2706269&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.physorg.com/news166120605.html">First direct evidence of substantial fish consumption by early modern humans in China</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715083054/http://www.physorg.com/news166120605.html">Archived</a> 15 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/PhysOrg.com" class="mw-redirect" title="PhysOrg.com">PhysOrg.com</a></i>, 6 July 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/arch/middens/index.htm">Coastal Shell Middens and Agricultural Origins in Atlantic Europe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091226160847/http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/arch/middens/index.htm">Archived</a> 26 December 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-quatr.us-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-quatr.us_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-quatr.us_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quatr.us/africa/history-fishing-fishing-nets-shellfish-boats.htm">"History of fishing – fishing nets, shellfish, boats"</a>. <i>quatr.us Study Guides</i>. 12 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180503041721/https://quatr.us/africa/history-fishing-fishing-nets-shellfish-boats.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=quatr.us+Study+Guides&rft.atitle=History+of+fishing+%E2%80%93+fishing+nets%2C+shellfish%2C+boats&rft.date=2017-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquatr.us%2Fafrica%2Fhistory-fishing-fishing-nets-shellfish-boats.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlfaro_Giner2010" class="citation journal cs1">Alfaro Giner, Carmen (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.torrossa.com/en/resources/an/4649252">"Fishing nets in the ancient world: the historical and archaeological evidence"</a>. <i>Ancient nets and fishing gear: Proceedings of the international workshop on Nets and fishing gear in classical antiquity: A first approach: Cádiz, November 15–17, 2007. - ( Monographs of the Sagena project; 2)</i>: 55–81.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ancient+nets+and+fishing+gear%3A+Proceedings+of+the+international+workshop+on+Nets+and+fishing+gear+in+classical+antiquity%3A+A+first+approach%3A+C%C3%A1diz%2C+November+15%E2%80%9317%2C+2007.+-+%28+Monographs+of+the+Sagena+project%3B+2%29&rft.atitle=Fishing+nets+in+the+ancient+world%3A+the+historical+and+archaeological+evidence&rft.pages=55-81&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Alfaro+Giner&rft.aufirst=Carmen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.torrossa.com%2Fen%2Fresources%2Fan%2F4649252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kjappeal-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kjappeal_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kjappeal_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101202015738/http://kjappeal.org/history.html">"History of a Brixham trawler"</a>. JKappeal.org. 2 March 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kjappeal.org/history.html">the original</a> on 2 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+brief+history+of+Grimsby&rft.pub=localhistories.org&rft.date=2021-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.localhistories.org%2Fgrimsby.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/news/112001/27/brixham_trawler.shtml">"Pilgrim's restoration under full sail"</a>. <i>BBC</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021117134149/https://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/news/112001/27/brixham_trawler.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 17 November 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Pilgrim%27s+restoration+under+full+sail&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fdevon%2Fnews%2F112001%2F27%2Fbrixham_trawler.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://issuu.com/tobyrussell/docs/brixham_sailing_trawlers"><i>Sailing trawlers</i></a>. issuu. 10 January 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140726185531/http://issuu.com/tobyrussell/docs/brixham_sailing_trawlers">Archived</a> from the original on 26 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sailing+trawlers&rft.pub=issuu&rft.date=2014-01-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fissuu.com%2Ftobyrussell%2Fdocs%2Fbrixham_sailing_trawlers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grantontrawlers-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-grantontrawlers_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://grantontrawlers.com/steam%20trawler.html">"The Steam Trawler"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140727215048/http://grantontrawlers.com/steam%20trawler.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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University of Virginia Press. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8139-2210-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8139-2210-2"><bdi>978-0-8139-2210-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Science+of+Fly-fishing&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=University+of+Virginia+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-8139-2210-2&rft.au=Stan+L.+Ulanski&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8d6yECc8kpsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170627040414/http://www.greatflyfishingtips.com/welcome-to-great-fly-fishing-tips/">"Welcome To Great Fly Fishing Tips"</a>. December 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greatflyfishingtips.com/welcome-to-great-fly-fishing-tips/">the original</a> on 27 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+To+Great+Fly+Fishing+Tips&rft.date=2011-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greatflyfishingtips.com%2Fwelcome-to-great-fly-fishing-tips%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130918103205/http://www.calmproductions.com/acatalog/GT_Fishing%20Tackle_Chp3.pdf">"Fishing Tackle Chapter 3"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>CLAM PRODUCTIONS</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CLAM+PRODUCTIONS&rft.atitle=Fishing+Tackle+Chapter+3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.calmproductions.com%2Facatalog%2FGT_Fishing%2520Tackle_Chp3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Herdy1800-1850-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Herdy1800-1850_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Herdy1800-1850_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_N._Herd" class="citation web cs1">Andrew N. Herd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140703003401/http://www.flyfishinghistory.com/18001850.htm">"Fly Fishing in the Years 1800–1850"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flyfishinghistory.com/18001850.htm#">the original</a> on 3 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fly+Fishing+in+the+Years+1800%E2%80%931850&rft.au=Andrew+N.+Herd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flyfishinghistory.com%2F18001850.htm%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_N._Herd" class="citation web cs1">Andrew N. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fly+Fishing+in+the+Eighteenth+Century&rft.au=Andrew+N.+Herd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flyfishinghistory.com%2Ftech18th.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brit-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brit_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/208708/fishing/2330/Early-history#ref70275">"fishing"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. July 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150504214050/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/208708/fishing/2330/Early-history#ref70275">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=fishing&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.date=2023-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F208708%2Ffishing%2F2330%2FEarly-history%23ref70275&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brown_reel_treasury-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brown_reel_treasury_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brown, Jim. <i>A Treasury of Reels: The Fishing Reel Collection of The American Museum of Fly Fishing.</i> Manchester, Vermont: The American Museum of Fly Fishing, 1990.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-schullery_orvis_story-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-schullery_orvis_story_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schullery, Paul. <i>The Orvis Story: 150 Years of an American Sporting Tradition.</i> Manchester, Vermont, The Orvis Company, Inc., 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stuff.co.nz/technology/75111335/fishing-with-a-drone">Fishing with a drone</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211112115841/https://www.stuff.co.nz/technology/75111335/fishing-with-a-drone">Archived</a> 12 November 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Stuff</i>, 15 December 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLennoxAlósArlinghausHorodysky2017" class="citation journal cs1">Lennox, Robert J; Alós, Josep; Arlinghaus, Robert; Horodysky, Andrij; Klefoth, Thomas; Monk, Christopher T; Cooke, Steven J (2017). "What makes fish vulnerable to capture by hooks? A conceptual framework and a review of key determinants". <i>Fish and Fisheries</i>. <b>18</b> (5): 986–1010. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AqFF...18..986L">2017AqFF...18..986L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Ffaf.12219">10.1111/faf.12219</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1467-2979">1467-2979</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fish+and+Fisheries&rft.atitle=What+makes+fish+vulnerable+to+capture+by+hooks%3F+A+conceptual+framework+and+a+review+of+key+determinants&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=986-1010&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=1467-2979&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Ffaf.12219&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017AqFF...18..986L&rft.aulast=Lennox&rft.aufirst=Robert+J&rft.au=Al%C3%B3s%2C+Josep&rft.au=Arlinghaus%2C+Robert&rft.au=Horodysky%2C+Andrij&rft.au=Klefoth%2C+Thomas&rft.au=Monk%2C+Christopher+T&rft.au=Cooke%2C+Steven+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keegan, William F (1986) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080703210618/http://www.arqueologiamendoza.com/wikisrc/images/b/b5/The_Optimal_Foraging_Analysis_of_Horticultural_Production.pdf">New Series, Volume. 88, No. 1., pp. 92–107.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAO_2007-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FAO_2007_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FAO_2007_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">FAO 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/speciesid/fish_page/fish51a.html">Sport fishing boat</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170506051732/http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/speciesid/fish_page/fish51a.html">Archived</a> 6 May 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFAO" class="citation web cs1">FAO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/in-action/globefish/fishery-information/resource-detail/en/c/1013313/#:~:text=Recreational%20fishing%20(RF)%20is%20defined,a%20competitive%20sphere%20among%20commercial">"The role of Recreational Fisheries in the sustainable management of marine resources | GLOBEFISH | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations"</a>. <i>www.fao.org</i>. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201124125718/http://www.fao.org/in-action/globefish/fishery-information/resource-detail/en/c/1013313/#:~:text=Recreational%20fishing%20(RF)%20is%20defined,a%20competitive%20sphere%20among%20commercial">Archived</a> from the original on 24 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fao.org&rft.atitle=The+role+of+Recreational+Fisheries+in+the+sustainable+management+of+marine+resources+%7C+GLOBEFISH+%7C+Food+and+Agriculture+Organization+of+the+United+Nations&rft.au=FAO&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fin-action%2Fglobefish%2Ffishery-information%2Fresource-detail%2Fen%2Fc%2F1013313%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DRecreational%2520fishing%2520%28RF%29%2520is%2520defined%2Ca%2520competitive%2520sphere%2520among%2520commercial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLange" class="citation web cs1">Lange, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statista.com/topics/1163/recreational-fishing/">"Topic: Recreational Fishing in the U.S."</a> <i>Statista</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210209025952/https://www.statista.com/topics/1163/recreational-fishing/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Statista&rft.atitle=Topic%3A+Recreational+Fishing+in+the+U.S.&rft.aulast=Lange&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statista.com%2Ftopics%2F1163%2Frecreational-fishing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">FAO Fisheries Section: Glossary: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/default.asp"><i>Fishing industry.</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070708081658/http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/default.asp">Archived</a> 8 July 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 28 May 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:12_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd0683en"><i>The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024</i></a>. FAO. 7 June 2024. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4060%2Fcd0683en">10.4060/cd0683en</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-5-138763-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-5-138763-4"><bdi>978-92-5-138763-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+State+of+World+Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+2024&rft.pub=FAO&rft.date=2024-06-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4060%2Fcd0683en&rft.isbn=978-92-5-138763-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenknowledge.fao.org%2Fhandle%2F20.500.14283%2Fcd0683en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090614105342/http://frdc.com.au/industry/">"Today's Fishing Industry"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fisheries_Research_and_Development_Corporation" title="Fisheries Research and Development Corporation">Fisheries Research and Development Corporation</a>. 10 December 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.frdc.com.au/industry/">the original</a> on 14 June 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Today%27s+Fishing+Industry&rft.pub=Fisheries+Research+and+Development+Corporation&rft.date=2007-12-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.frdc.com.au%2Findustry%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tidwell, James H. and Allan, Geoff L.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:122-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:122_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openknowledge.fao.org/handle/20.500.14283/cd0683en"><i>The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024</i></a>. FAO. 7 June 2024. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4060%2Fcd0683en">10.4060/cd0683en</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-5-138763-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-5-138763-4"><bdi>978-92-5-138763-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+State+of+World+Fisheries+and+Aquaculture+2024&rft.pub=FAO&rft.date=2024-06-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4060%2Fcd0683en&rft.isbn=978-92-5-138763-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenknowledge.fao.org%2Fhandle%2F20.500.14283%2Fcd0683en&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSneddon2009" class="citation journal cs1">Sneddon, LU (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://animalstudiesrepository.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=acwp_aff">"Pain perception in fish: indicators and endpoints"</a>. <i>ILAR Journal</i>. <b>50</b> (4): 38–42. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Filar.50.4.338">10.1093/ilar.50.4.338</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19949250">19949250</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200620233217/https://animalstudiesrepository.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=acwp_aff">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ILAR+Journal&rft.atitle=Pain+perception+in+fish%3A+indicators+and+endpoints.&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=38-42&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Filar.50.4.338&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19949250&rft.aulast=Sneddon&rft.aufirst=LU&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanimalstudiesrepository.org%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1010%26context%3Dacwp_aff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOidtmannHoffman2001" class="citation journal cs1">Oidtmann, B; Hoffman, RW (July–August 2001). "Pain and suffering in fish". <i>Berliner und Münchener Tierärztliche Wochenschrift</i>. <b>114</b> (7–8): 277–282. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11505801">11505801</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Berliner+und+M%C3%BCnchener+Tier%C3%A4rztliche+Wochenschrift&rft.atitle=Pain+and+suffering+in+fish&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=7%E2%80%938&rft.pages=277-282&rft.date=2001-07%2F2001-08&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11505801&rft.aulast=Oidtmann&rft.aufirst=B&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+RW&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/08/130808123719.htm">"Do fish feel pain? Not as humans do, study suggests"</a>. <i>ScienceDaily</i>. 8 August 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171108195330/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/08/130808123719.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ScienceDaily&rft.atitle=Do+fish+feel+pain%3F+Not+as+humans+do%2C+study+suggests&rft.date=2013-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2013%2F08%2F130808123719.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLundMejdellRöcklinsbergAnthony2007" class="citation journal cs1">Lund, V; Mejdell, CM; Röcklinsberg, H; Anthony, R; Håstein, T (4 May 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3354%2Fdao075109">"Expanding the moral circle: farmed fish as objects of moral concern"</a>. <i>Diseases of Aquatic Organisms</i>. <b>75</b> (2): 109–118. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3354%2Fdao075109">10.3354/dao075109</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17578250">17578250</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=Expanding+the+moral+circle%3A+farmed+fish+as+objects+of+moral+concern.&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=109-118&rft.date=2007-05-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3354%2Fdao075109&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17578250&rft.aulast=Lund&rft.aufirst=V&rft.au=Mejdell%2C+CM&rft.au=R%C3%B6cklinsberg%2C+H&rft.au=Anthony%2C+R&rft.au=H%C3%A5stein%2C+T&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3354%252Fdao075109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavieKopf2006" class="citation journal cs1">Davie, PS; Kopf, RK (August 2006). "Physiology, behaviour and welfare of fish during recreational fishing and after release". <i>New Zealand Veterinary Journal</i>. <b>54</b> (4): 161–172. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00480169.2006.36690">10.1080/00480169.2006.36690</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16915337">16915337</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:1636511">1636511</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Zealand+Veterinary+Journal&rft.atitle=Physiology%2C+behaviour+and+welfare+of+fish+during+recreational+fishing+and+after+release.&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=161-172&rft.date=2006-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A1636511%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16915337&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00480169.2006.36690&rft.aulast=Davie&rft.aufirst=PS&rft.au=Kopf%2C+RK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/fishing-anglers-fish-hurt-injuries-catch-and-release-feeding-a8575816.html">"Anglers' catch-and-release method stops fish feeding properly, study finds"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. 9 October 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181009211923/https://www.independent.co.uk/environment/fishing-anglers-fish-hurt-injuries-catch-and-release-feeding-a8575816.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Anglers%27+catch-and-release+method+stops+fish+feeding+properly%2C+study+finds&rft.date=2018-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fenvironment%2Ffishing-anglers-fish-hurt-injuries-catch-and-release-feeding-a8575816.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seaspiracy.org/facts">"Facts | Seaspiracy Website"</a>. <i>SEASPIRACY</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416001614/https://www.seaspiracy.org/facts">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SEASPIRACY&rft.atitle=Facts+%7C+Seaspiracy+Website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.seaspiracy.org%2Ffacts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEnvironment2021" class="citation web cs1">Environment, U. N. (21 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unep.org/resources/report/drowning-plastics-marine-litter-and-plastic-waste-vital-graphics">"Drowning in Plastics – Marine Litter and Plastic Waste Vital Graphics"</a>. <i>UNEP - UN Environment Programme</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220321122658/https://www.unep.org/resources/report/drowning-plastics-marine-litter-and-plastic-waste-vital-graphics">Archived</a> from the original on 21 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNEP+-+UN+Environment+Programme&rft.atitle=Drowning+in+Plastics+%E2%80%93+Marine+Litter+and+Plastic+Waste+Vital+Graphics&rft.date=2021-10-21&rft.aulast=Environment&rft.aufirst=U.+N.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unep.org%2Fresources%2Freport%2Fdrowning-plastics-marine-litter-and-plastic-waste-vital-graphics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icsf.net/">"International Collective in Support of Fishworkers"</a>. ICSF. 2 March 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190514194635/http://www.icsf.net/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+Collective+in+Support+of+Fishworkers&rft.pub=ICSF&rft.date=2012-03-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icsf.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Regensteinn J.M. and Regensteinn C.E. (2000) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OFKLk3S0fzgC&dq=%22Religious+food+laws+and+the+seafood+industry%22&pg=PR8">"Religious food laws and the seafood industry"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230404060436/https://books.google.com/books?id=OFKLk3S0fzgC&dq=%22Religious+food+laws+and+the+seafood+industry%22&pg=PR8">Archived</a> 4 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> In: R.E. Martin, E.P. Carter, G.J. Flick Jr and L.M. Davis (Eds) (2000) <i>Marine and freshwater products handbook</i>, CRC Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56676-889-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56676-889-4">978-1-56676-889-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bible.org/page.php?page_id=1246">A Misunderstood Analogy for Evangelism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081220213144/http://www.bible.org/page.php?page_id=1246">Archived</a> 20 December 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Bible Analysis Article</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanbible.org/brcpages/FishandFishing">American Bible Society Article</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080905193146/http://americanbible.org/brcpages/FishandFishing">Archived</a> 5 September 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> American Bible Society</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cafeastrology.com/zodiacpisces.html">About Pisces the Fish</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080906100527/http://www.cafeastrology.com/zodiacpisces.html">Archived</a> 6 September 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> The Astrology Cafe Monitor</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucgstp.org/lit/gn/gn030/peter.html">Peter: From Fisherman to Fisher of Men</a> Profiles of Faith <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306222258/http://www.ucgstp.org/lit/gn/gn030/peter.html">Archived</a> 6 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg/12px-Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg/18px-Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg/24px-Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="218" /></a></span> This article incorporates text from a <a href="/wiki/Free_content" title="Free content">free content</a> work. Licensed under Cc BY-SA 3.0 IGO (<a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:United_Nations_Environment_Programme_Drowning_in_Plastics_%E2%80%93_Marine_Litter_and_Plastic_Waste_Vital_Graphics.pdf">license statement/permission</a>). Text taken from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unep.org/resources/report/drowning-plastics-marine-litter-and-plastic-waste-vital-graphics"><i>Drowning in Plastics – Marine Litter and Plastic Waste Vital Graphics</i></a>, United Nations Environment Programme. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchultz1999" class="citation book cs1">Schultz, Ken (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/kenschultzsfishi00schu_0"><i>Fishing Encyclopedia: Worldwide Angling Guide</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Wiley_(publisher)" title="Wiley (publisher)">John Wiley & Sons</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-02-862057-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-02-862057-2"><bdi>978-0-02-862057-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fishing+Encyclopedia%3A+Worldwide+Angling+Guide&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-02-862057-2&rft.aulast=Schultz&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkenschultzsfishi00schu_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabrielAndres_von_Brandt2005" class="citation book cs1">Gabriel, Otto; Andres von Brandt (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ziAI8AZsmUoC&q=%22Fish+catching+methods+of+the+world%22"><i>Fish catching methods of the world</i></a>. Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85238-280-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85238-280-6"><bdi>978-0-85238-280-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fish+catching+methods+of+the+world&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-85238-280-6&rft.aulast=Gabriel&rft.aufirst=Otto&rft.au=Andres+von+Brandt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DziAI8AZsmUoC%26q%3D%2522Fish%2Bcatching%2Bmethods%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bworld%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSahrhageJohannes_Lundbeck1992" class="citation book cs1">Sahrhage, Dietrich; Johannes Lundbeck (1992). <i>A History of Fishing</i>. <a href="/wiki/Springer-Verlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer-Verlag">Springer-Verlag</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-55332-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-55332-0"><bdi>978-0-387-55332-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Fishing&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-387-55332-0&rft.aulast=Sahrhage&rft.aufirst=Dietrich&rft.au=Johannes+Lundbeck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fishing&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Fishing</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fishing" class="extiw" title="wikt:fishing">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fishing" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Fishing">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Fishing" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Fishing">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Fishing" class="extiw" title="q:Fishing">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Complete_Poems_of_Paul_Laurence_Dunbar/Fishing" class="extiw" title="s:The Complete Poems of Paul Laurence Dunbar/Fishing">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Fishing" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Fishing">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Fishing" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Fishing">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Fishing" class="extiw" title="voy:Fishing">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130107135851/http://en.ird.fr/the-media-centre/videos-online-channel-ird/overfishing-the-point-of-view-of-daniel-pauly/overfishing-the-point-of-view-of-daniel-pauly">"<i>The sea without fish, a reality!</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Pauly" title="Daniel Pauly">Pauly, Daniel</a> (2009)</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">University of British Columbia</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canal.ird.fr/canal.php?url=/programmes/recherches/pauly/index_en.htm">the original</a> on 7 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pauly%2C+Daniel+%282009%29&rft.atitle=The+sea+without+fish%2C+a+reality%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canal.ird.fr%2Fcanal.php%3Furl%3D%2Fprogrammes%2Frecherches%2Fpauly%2Findex_en.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFishing" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/02/22/588034042/new-maps-reveal-global-fishings-vast-scope-of-exploitation-of-the-ocean">Map of world ocean fishing activity, 2016</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Fisheries_and_fishing" title="Template:Fisheries and fishing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fisheries_and_fishing" title="Template talk:Fisheries and fishing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fisheries_and_fishing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fisheries and fishing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fisheries_and_fishing_topic_areas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fishery" title="Fishery">Fisheries</a> and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">fishing</a> topic areas</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishery" title="Fishery">Fisheries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">Aquaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diversity_of_fish" title="Diversity of fish">Diversity of fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_diseases_and_parasites" title="Fish diseases and parasites">Fish diseases and parasites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_farming" title="Fish farming">Fish farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisheries_management" title="Fisheries management">Fisheries management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisheries_science" title="Fisheries science">Fisheries science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individual_fishing_quota" title="Individual fishing quota">Individual fishing quota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal,_unreported_and_unregulated_fishing" title="Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing">Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_fishery" title="Sustainable fishery">Sustainable fishery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overfishing" title="Overfishing">Overfishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_fisheries" title="Wild fisheries">Wild fisheries</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg/140px-Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg/210px-Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg/280px-Trawer_Hauling_Nets.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1736" data-file-height="1172" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fishing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artisanal_fishing" title="Artisanal fishing">Artisanal fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fisherman" title="Fisherman">Fisherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_vessel" title="Fishing vessel">Fishing vessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_fishing" title="History of fishing">History of fishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry" title="Fishing industry">Industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_harvested_aquatic_animals_by_weight" class="mw-redirect" title="List of harvested aquatic animals by weight">List of harvested aquatic animals by weight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_industry_by_country" title="Fishing industry by country">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_fishing" title="Commercial fishing">Commercial fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_marketing" title="Fish marketing">Marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_market" title="Fish market">Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_processing" title="Fish processing">Processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_products" title="Fish products">Products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">Seafood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Recreational_fishing" title="Recreational fishing">Recreation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angling" title="Angling">Angling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big-game_fishing" title="Big-game fishing">Big-game fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_and_release" title="Catch and release">Catch and release</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_tournament" title="Fishing tournament">Fishing tournaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_fishing" title="Fly fishing">Fly fishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_techniques" title="Fishing techniques">Techniques</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fish_trap" title="Fish trap">Fish trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishfinder" title="Fishfinder">Fishfinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_net" title="Fishing net">Fishing net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gathering_seafood_by_hand" class="mw-redirect" title="Gathering seafood by hand">Gathering seafood by hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handline_fishing" title="Handline fishing">Handline fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spearfishing" title="Spearfishing">Spearfishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trawling" title="Trawling">Trawling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trolling_(fishing)" title="Trolling (fishing)">Trolling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_tackle" title="Fishing tackle">Tackle</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_fly" title="Artificial fly">Artificial flies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_bait" title="Fishing bait">Bait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bite_indicator" title="Bite indicator">Bite indicators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_hook" title="Fish hook">Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_line" title="Fishing line">Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_lure" title="Fishing lure">Lures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_rod" title="Fishing rod">Rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_sinker" title="Fishing sinker">Sinker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fish_pond" title="Fish pond">Fish ponds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_bank_(topography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocean bank (topography)">Fishing banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_village" title="Fishing village">Fishing villages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_habitat" title="Marine habitat">Marine habitats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_fishery_terms" title="Glossary of fishery terms">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_fishing_articles" title="Index of fishing articles">Index</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_fishing" title="Outline of fishing">Outline</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Fishing" title="Category:Fishing">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Water_sports_and_activities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Water_sports" title="Template:Water sports"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Water_sports" title="Template talk:Water sports"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Water_sports" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Water sports"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Water_sports_and_activities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_water_sports" title="List of water sports">Water sports and activities</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_water_sports" title="List of water sports">Activities in water</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquajogging" title="Aquajogging">Aquajogging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diving_(sport)" title="Diving (sport)">Diving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_diving" class="mw-redirect" title="Synchronized diving">synchronized</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuba_diving" title="Scuba diving">Scuba diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snorkeling" title="Snorkeling">Snorkeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swimming_(sport)" title="Swimming (sport)">Swimming</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_swimming" title="Synchronized swimming">synchronized</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_aerobics" title="Water aerobics">Water aerobics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_surface_water_sports" title="List of surface water sports">Activities on water</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boating" title="Boating">Boating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodyboarding" title="Bodyboarding">Bodyboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodysurfing" title="Bodysurfing">Bodysurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_skiing" title="Cable skiing">Cable skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">Canoeing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayaking" title="Kayaking">Kayaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiteboarding" title="Kiteboarding">Kiteboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiteboating" title="Kiteboating">Kiteboating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneeboarding_(towsport)" title="Kneeboarding (towsport)">Kneeboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddleboarding" title="Paddleboarding">Paddleboarding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standup_paddleboarding" title="Standup paddleboarding">standup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasailing" title="Parasailing">Parasailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafting" title="Rafting">Rafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverboarding" title="Riverboarding">Riverboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowing_(sport)" title="Rowing (sport)">Rowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing" title="Sailing">Sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skimboarding" title="Skimboarding">Skimboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skurfing_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skurfing (sport)">Skurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_skipping" title="Stone skipping">Stone skipping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfing" title="Surfing">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubing_(recreation)" title="Tubing (recreation)">Tubing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakeboarding" title="Wakeboarding">Wakeboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakeskating" title="Wakeskating">Wakeskating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakesurfing" title="Wakesurfing">Wakesurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_skiing" title="Water skiing">Water skiing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barefoot_skiing" title="Barefoot skiing">barefoot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsurfing" title="Windsurfing">Windsurfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yachting" title="Yachting">Yachting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_water_sports" title="List of water sports">Team sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_polo" title="Canoe polo">Canoe polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinghy_racing" title="Dinghy racing">Dinghy racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_boat" title="Dragon boat">Dragon boat racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger_boat#Racing" title="Outrigger boat">Outrigger canoe racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_diving" class="mw-redirect" title="Synchronized diving">Synchronized diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronized_swimming" title="Synchronized swimming">Synchronized swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waboba" title="Waboba">Waboba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_basketball" title="Water basketball">Water basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_polo" title="Water polo">Water polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_volleyball" title="Water volleyball">Water volleyball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boat_racing" title="Boat racing">Boat racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_pentathlon" title="Modern pentathlon">Modern pentathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailing_(sport)" title="Sailing (sport)">Sailing races</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triathlon" title="Triathlon">Triathlon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yacht_racing" title="Yacht racing">Yacht racing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Water_sports" title="Category:Water sports">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" 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aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14373#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14373#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14373#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4154473-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Fishing"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85048830">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pêche"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11944279g">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Pêche"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11944279g">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="rybolov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph125362&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="rybářství"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph116094&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007536045605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/013943">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10638093">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" 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