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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Course" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Course"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Course</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Course-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tibet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tibet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Tibet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tibet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arunachal_Pradesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arunachal_Pradesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Arunachal Pradesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arunachal_Pradesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.3</span> <span>Assam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.4</span> <span>Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Hydrology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discharge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discharge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Discharge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discharge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Floodplain_evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Floodplain_evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Floodplain evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Floodplain_evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flooding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flooding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Flooding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flooding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Channel_morphology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Channel_morphology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Channel morphology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Channel_morphology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-River_engineering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#River_engineering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>River engineering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-River_engineering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tributaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tributaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tributaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tributaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Earlier_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earlier_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Earlier history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earlier_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_cooperation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_cooperation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>International cooperation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_cooperation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Significance_to_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Significance_to_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Significance to people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Significance_to_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dams_and_hydropower_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dams_and_hydropower_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dams and hydropower projects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dams_and_hydropower_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bridges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bridges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bridges</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bridges-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bridges subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bridges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_bridges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_bridges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Current bridges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_bridges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Approved_and_under-construction_bridges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Approved_and_under-construction_bridges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Approved and under-construction bridges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Approved_and_under-construction_bridges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proposed_and_awaiting_approval_by_MoRTH" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proposed_and_awaiting_approval_by_MoRTH"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.3</span> <span>Proposed and awaiting approval by MoRTH</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proposed_and_awaiting_approval_by_MoRTH-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Under-river_tunnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Under-river_tunnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.4</span> <span>Under-river tunnel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Under-river_tunnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bangladesh_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bangladesh_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bangladesh_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Present_bridges_in_Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Present_bridges_in_Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Present bridges in Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Present_bridges_in_Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planned_bridges_in_Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planned_bridges_in_Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.2</span> <span>Planned bridges in Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planned_bridges_in_Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tibet_(China)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tibet_(China)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Tibet (China)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tibet_(China)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Waterway_2_in_India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Waterway_2_in_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>National Waterway 2 in India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Waterway_2_in_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_depictions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_depictions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Cultural depictions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_depictions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Brahmaputra River</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 105 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-105" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">105 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="ब्रह्मपुत्र – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ब्रह्मपुत्र" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="نهر براهمابوترا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نهر براهمابوترا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6" title="ব্ৰহ্মপুত্ৰ নদ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ব্ৰহ্মপুত্ৰ নদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra_%C3%A7ay%C4%B1" title="Brahmaputra çayı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Brahmaputra çayı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7_%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="براهماپوترا چایی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="براهماپوترا چایی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukad_Brahmaputra" title="Tukad Brahmaputra – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Tukad Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6" title="ব্রহ্মপুত্র নদ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ব্রহ্মপুত্র নদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Брахмапутра – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Брахмапутра" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Брахмапутра – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Брахмапутра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Брахмапутра – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Брахмапутра" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Брахмапутра – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Брахмапутра" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%99%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B" title="ཡར་ཀླུང་གཙང་པོ་ – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡར་ཀླུང་གཙང་པོ་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmapoutra" title="Brahmapoutra – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Brahmapoutra" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afon_Brahmaputra" title="Afon Brahmaputra – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Afon Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%87%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Βραχμαπούτρας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βραχμαπούτρας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bramaputro" title="Bramaputro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bramaputro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="رود براهماپوترا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رود براهماپوترا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra_Naddi" title="Brahmaputra Naddi – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Brahmaputra Naddi" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmapoutre" title="Brahmapoutre – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Brahmapoutre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Brahmaputra" title="Río Brahmaputra – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Río Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE_%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%80" title="બ્રહ્મપુત્રા નદી – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બ્રહ્મપુત્રા નદી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88%ED%91%B8%ED%8A%B8%EB%9D%BC%EA%B0%95" title="브라마푸트라강 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="브라마푸트라강" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%A1" title="Բրահմապուտրա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բրահմապուտրա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Brahmaputra" title="Sungai Brahmaputra – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sungai Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%C3%A6" title="Брахмапутрæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Брахмапутрæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bramap%C3%BAtra" title="Bramapútra – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bramapútra" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%94" title="בראהמאפוטרה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בראהמאפוטרה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kali_Brahmaputra" title="Kali Brahmaputra – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kali Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಪುತ್ರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಪುತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ბრაჰმაპუტრა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბრაჰმაპუტრა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0_%D3%A9%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Брахмапутра өзені – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Брахмапутра өзені" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mto_Brahmaputra" title="Mto Brahmaputra – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mto Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Брахмапутра – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Брахмапутра" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Brahmaputra" title="Rio Brahmaputra – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Rio Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Брамапутра – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Брамапутра" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF" title="ബ്രഹ്മപുത്ര നദി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബ്രഹ്മപുത്ര നദി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="ब्रह्मपुत्रा नदी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ब्रह्मपुत्रा नदी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ბრაჰმაპუტრა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბრაჰმაპუტრა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="نهر براهمابوترا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نهر براهمابوترا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="براهماپوترا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="براهماپوترا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Brahmaputra" title="Sungai Brahmaputra – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sungai Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ब्रह्मपुत्र नदी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9E%E3%83%97%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E5%B7%9D" title="ブラマプトラ川 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブラマプトラ川" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bramapotra" title="Bramapotra – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bramapotra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%B9%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0_%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%80" title="ବ୍ରହ୍ମପୁତ୍ର ନଦୀ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବ୍ରହ୍ମପୁତ୍ର ନଦୀ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86" title="ਬ੍ਰਹਮਪੁੱਤਰ ਦਰਿਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬ੍ਰਹਮਪੁੱਤਰ ਦਰਿਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%81%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="دریائے برہم پتر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دریائے برہم پتر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A" title="ទន្លេព្រហ្មបុត្រ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទន្លេព្រហ្មបុត្រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Bramaputra" title="Rio Bramaputra – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rio Bramaputra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Брахмапутра – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Брахмапутра" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="ब्रह्मपुत्रानदी – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="ब्रह्मपुत्रानदी" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A_%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱨᱚᱦᱢᱚᱯᱩᱛᱨᱚ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%81%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="برہم پترا – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="برہم پترا" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra_River" title="Brahmaputra River – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Brahmaputra River" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%BE%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="ڕووباری براھماپوترا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕووباری براھماپوترا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Брамапутра – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Брамапутра" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81" title="பிரம்மபுத்திரா ஆறு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிரம்மபுத்திரா ஆறு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Браһмапутра – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Браһмапутра" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF" title="బ్రహ్మపుత్రా నది – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బ్రహ్మపుత్రా నది" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3" title="แม่น้ำพรหมบุตร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แม่น้ำพรหมบุตร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%81%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="دریائے برہم پتر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دریائے برہم پتر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmaputra" title="Brahmaputra – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Brahmaputra" data-language-autonym="Winaray" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmaputra">Brahmaputra</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">River in Tibet, India and Bangladesh</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Brahmaputra_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Brahmaputra (disambiguation)">Brahmaputra (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Brahmaputra</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brahmaputra_River_Homeward_bound.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Brahmaputra_River_Homeward_bound.jpg/300px-Brahmaputra_River_Homeward_bound.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Brahmaputra_River_Homeward_bound.jpg/450px-Brahmaputra_River_Homeward_bound.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Brahmaputra_River_Homeward_bound.jpg/600px-Brahmaputra_River_Homeward_bound.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1969" data-file-height="1416" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Brahmaputra in <a href="/wiki/Guwahati" title="Guwahati">Guwahati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>, India</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brahmapoutre.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Brahmapoutre.png/300px-Brahmapoutre.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Brahmapoutre.png/450px-Brahmapoutre.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Brahmapoutre.png/600px-Brahmapoutre.png 2x" data-file-width="824" data-file-height="460" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Path of the Brahmaputra River</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Etymology</th><td class="infobox-data">From Sanskrit ब्रह्मपुत्र (brahmaputra, "son of <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a>"), from ब्रह्मा (brahmā, "Brahma") + पुत्र (putra, "son").</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Location</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Autonomous Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cities</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhemaji" title="Dhemaji">Dhemaji</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dibrugarh" title="Dibrugarh">Dibrugarh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jorhat" title="Jorhat">Jorhat</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tezpur" title="Tezpur">Tezpur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Guwahati" title="Guwahati">Guwahati</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dhubri" title="Dhubri">Dhubri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sirajganj" title="Sirajganj">Sirajganj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mymensingh" title="Mymensingh">Mymensingh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tangail" title="Tangail">Tangail</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Physical characteristics</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source</th><td class="infobox-data">Chemayungdung glacier, <a href="/wiki/Manasarovar" class="mw-redirect" title="Manasarovar">Manasarovar</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Brahmaputra_River&params=30_19_N_82_08_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">30°19′N</span> <span class="longitude">82°08′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">30.317°N 82.133°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">30.317; 82.133</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • elevation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">5,210 m (17,090 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">Mouth</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • location</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Brahmaputra_River&params=23_47_46.7376_N_89_45_45.774_E_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">23°47′46.7376″N</span> <span class="longitude">89°45′45.774″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">23.796316000°N 89.76271500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">23.796316000; 89.76271500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • elevation</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0 m (0 ft)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">2,880 km (1,790 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 3,080 km (1,910 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-length_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-length-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Basin size</th><td class="infobox-data">625,726.9 km<sup>2</sup> (241,594.5 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Ganges_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganges River">Ganges</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">(Period: 1971–2000)21,319.2 m<sup>3</sup>/s (752,880 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-books.google.hu_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.hu-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brahmaputra</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jamuna</a>)–<a href="/wiki/Old_Brahmaputra_River" title="Old Brahmaputra River">Old Brahmaputra</a>–<a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Upper Meghna</a> → 26,941.1 m<sup>3</sup>/s (951,420 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bahadurabad_Ghat_railway_station" title="Bahadurabad Ghat railway station">Bahadurabad</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">(Period: 1980–2012)24,027 m<sup>3</sup>/s (848,500 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_impact_emergence_and_flood_peak_synchronization_projections_in_the_Ganges,_Brahmaputra_and_Meghna_basins_under_CMIP5_and_CMIP6_scenarios_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_impact_emergence_and_flood_peak_synchronization_projections_in_the_Ganges,_Brahmaputra_and_Meghna_basins_under_CMIP5_and_CMIP6_scenarios-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Period: 2000–2015)21,993 m<sup>3</sup>/s (776,700 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • minimum</span></th><td class="infobox-data">3,280 m<sup>3</sup>/s (116,000 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • maximum</span></th><td class="infobox-data">102,585 m<sup>3</sup>/s (3,622,800 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Guwahati" title="Guwahati">Guwahati</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">(Period: 1971–2000)18,850.4 m<sup>3</sup>/s (665,700 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dibrugarh" title="Dibrugarh">Dibrugarh</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">(Period: 1971–2000)8,722.3 m<sup>3</sup>/s (308,030 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pasighat" title="Pasighat">Pasighat</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">(Period: 1971–2000)5,016.3 m<sup>3</sup>/s (177,150 cu ft/s)<sup id="cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Basin features</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Progression</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma</a> → <a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Meghna</a> → <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">River system</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Ganges_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganges River">Ganges River</a></b></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tributaries</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • left</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lhasa_River" title="Lhasa River">Lhasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nyang_River" title="Nyang River">Nyang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parlung_Zangbo" class="mw-redirect" title="Parlung Zangbo">Parlung Zangbo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lohit_River" title="Lohit River">Lohit</a>, Nao Dihing, Buri Dihing, Dangori, Disang, <a href="/wiki/Dikhow_River" title="Dikhow River">Dikhow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jhanji" title="Jhanji">Jhanji</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dhansiri" title="Dhansiri">Dhansiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kolong_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolong River">Kolong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kopili_River" title="Kopili River">Kopili</a>, Bhorolu, <a href="/wiki/Kulsi_River" title="Kulsi River">Kulsi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krishnai_River" title="Krishnai River">Krishnai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Upper Meghna</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • right</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kameng_River" title="Kameng River">Kameng</a>, Jia Bhoroli, <a href="/wiki/Manas_River" title="Manas River">Manas</a>, Beki, <a href="/wiki/Raidak_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Raidak River">Raidak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaldhaka_River" title="Jaldhaka River">Jaldhaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teesta_River" title="Teesta River">Teesta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subansiri_River" title="Subansiri River">Subansiri</a>, Jia dhol, <a href="/wiki/Simen" title="Simen">Simen</a>, Pagladia, Sonkosh, Gadadhar</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="250" data-zoom="4" data-overlays="["_48a6513069d79a35054798bef44ec982935276c0"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,a,a,270x250.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Brahmaputra_River&revid=1258871224&groups=_48a6513069d79a35054798bef44ec982935276c0" width="270" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,a,a,270x250@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Brahmaputra_River&revid=1258871224&groups=_48a6513069d79a35054798bef44ec982935276c0 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Brahmaputra</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Trans-boundary_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-boundary river">trans-boundary river</a> which flows through <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_China" title="Southwestern China">Southwestern China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeastern India">Northeastern India</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>. It is known as Brahmaputra or Luit in <a href="/wiki/Assamese_language" title="Assamese language">Assamese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo" title="Yarlung Tsangpo">Yarlung Tsangpo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lhasa_Tibetan" title="Lhasa Tibetan">Tibetan</a>, the Siang/Dihang River in <a href="/wiki/Arunachal_languages" title="Arunachal languages">Arunachali</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh)" title="Jamuna River (Bangladesh)">Jamuna River</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>. By itself, it is the 9th <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_by_discharge" title="List of rivers by discharge">largest river</a> in the world by discharge, and the 15th <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_by_length" class="mw-redirect" title="List of rivers by length">longest</a>. </p><p>It originates in the <a href="/wiki/Manasarovar_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Manasarovar Lake">Manasarovar Lake</a> region, near <a href="/wiki/Mount_Kailash" title="Mount Kailash">Mount Kailash</a>, on the northern side of the <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Burang_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Burang County">Burang County</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a> where it is known as the <a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yarlung Tsangpo River">Yarlung Tsangpo River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-xinhua_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xinhua-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Brahmaputra flows along southern Tibet to break through the Himalayas in great gorges (including the <a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo_Grand_Canyon" title="Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon">Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon</a>) and into Arunachal Pradesh.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It enters India near the village of <a href="/wiki/Gelling,_Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Gelling, Arunachal Pradesh">Gelling</a> in <a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a> and flows southwest through the <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> Valley as the Brahmaputra and south through <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh)" title="Jamuna River (Bangladesh)">Jamuna</a> (not to be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamuna River">Yamuna</a> of India). In the vast <a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a>, it merges with the <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a>, popularly known as the <a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma</a> in Bangladesh, and becomes the <a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Meghna</a> and ultimately empties into the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At 3,000 km (1,900 mi) long, the Brahmaputra is an important river for <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a> and transportation in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-xinhua_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xinhua-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average depth of the river is 30 m (100 ft) and its maximum depth is 135 m (440 ft) (at <a href="/wiki/Sadiya" title="Sadiya">Sadiya</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-BBWR_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBWR-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The river is prone to catastrophic flooding in the spring when the Himalayan snow melts. The average discharge of the Brahmaputra is about ~22,000 m<sup>3</sup>/s (780,000 cu ft/s),<sup id="cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-britannica_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and floods reach about 103,000 m<sup>3</sup>/s (3,600,000 cu ft/s).<sup id="cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a classic example of a <a href="/wiki/Braided_river" title="Braided river">braided river</a> and is highly susceptible to <a href="/wiki/River_channel_migration" title="River channel migration">channel migration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Avulsion_(river)" title="Avulsion (river)">avulsion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Catling1992_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Catling1992-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also one of the few rivers in the world that exhibits a <a href="/wiki/Tidal_bore" title="Tidal bore">tidal bore</a>. It is navigable for most of its length. </p><p>The Brahmaputra drains the Himalayas east of the Indo-Nepal border, south-central portion of the Tibetan plateau above the <a href="/wiki/Ganga" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganga">Ganga</a> basin, south-eastern portion of Tibet, the Patkai hills, the northern slopes of the Meghalaya hills, the Assam plains, and northern Bangladesh. The basin, especially south of Tibet, is characterized by high levels of rainfall. <a href="/wiki/Kangchenjunga" title="Kangchenjunga">Kangchenjunga</a> (8,586 m) is the only peak above 8,000 m and hence is the highest point within the Brahmaputra basin. </p><p>The Brahmaputra's upper course was long unknown, and its identity with the Yarlung Tsangpo was only established by exploration in 1884–86. The river is often called the Tsangpo-Brahmaputra river.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The lower reaches are sacred to <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindus</a>. While most rivers on the Indian subcontinent have female names, this river has a rare male name. Brahmaputra means "son of <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a>" in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-4"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names">Names</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is known by various names in different regional languages: <span title="Assamese-language text"><i lang="as-Latn">Brôhmôputrô</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Assamese_language" title="Assamese language">Assamese</a>; <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_script" title="Tibetan script">Tibetan</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1106655535">.mw-parser-output .uchen{font-family:"Jomolhari","Uchen","Noto Serif Tibetan Medium","Noto Serif Tibetan","BabelStone Tibetan Slim","Yagpo Tibetan Uni","Noto Sans Tibetan","Microsoft Himalaya","Kailash","DDC Uchen","TCRC Youtso Unicode","Tibetan Machine Uni","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchen","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchung","Qomolangma-Uchen Suring","Qomolangma-Uchen Sutung","Qomolangma-Title","Qomolangma-Subtitle","DDC Rinzin","Qomolangma-Woodblock","Qomolangma-Dunhuang"}.mw-parser-output .ume{font-family:"Qomolangma-Betsu","Qomolangma-Chuyig","Qomolangma-Drutsa","Qomolangma-Edict","Qomolangma-Tsumachu","Qomolangma-Tsuring","Qomolangma-Tsutong","TibetanSambhotaYigchung","TibetanTsugRing","TibetanYigchung"}</style><span lang="bo" class="uchen" style="font-size:1.25em; vertical-align:middle; word-wrap:break-word;">ཡར་ཀླུངས་གཙང་པོ་</span>, <a href="/wiki/Wylie_transliteration" title="Wylie transliteration">Wylie</a>: <i>yar klung gtsang po</i> <a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo" title="Yarlung Tsangpo">Yarlung Tsangpo</a>; <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">布拉马普特拉河</span>; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">布拉馬普特拉河</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Bùlāmǎpǔtèlā Hé</span></i>. It is also called Tsangpo-Brahmaputra and red river of India (when referring to the whole river including the stretch within the <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet Autonomous Region</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes2015-03-30_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes2015-03-30-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In its Tibetan and Indian names, the river is unusually masculine in gender.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Course">Course</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Course"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tibet">Tibet</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Tibet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo" title="Yarlung Tsangpo">Yarlung Tsangpo</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yarlong_Tsangpo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Yarlong_Tsangpo.jpg/220px-Yarlong_Tsangpo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Yarlong_Tsangpo.jpg/330px-Yarlong_Tsangpo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Yarlong_Tsangpo.jpg/440px-Yarlong_Tsangpo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1334" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yarlung Tsangpo River">Yarlung Tsangpo River</a> in Tibet</figcaption></figure> <p>The upper reaches of the Brahmaputra River, known as the <a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo" title="Yarlung Tsangpo">Yarlung Tsangpo</a> from the Tibetan language, originates on the <a href="/wiki/Angsi_Glacier" title="Angsi Glacier">Angsi Glacier</a>, near Mount Kailash, located on the northern side of the <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Burang_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Burang County">Burang County</a> of <a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a>. The source of the river was earlier thought to be on the Chemayungdung glacier, which covers the slopes of the Himalayas about 60 mi (97 km) southeast of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Manasarovar" title="Lake Manasarovar">Lake Manasarovar</a> in southwestern Tibet. </p><p>From its source, the river runs for nearly 1,100 km (680 mi) in a generally easterly direction between the main range of the Himalayas to the south and the <a href="/wiki/Kailas_Range" class="mw-redirect" title="Kailas Range">Kailas Range</a> to the north. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brahmaputra_from_ganden3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Brahmaputra_from_ganden3.jpg/220px-Brahmaputra_from_ganden3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Brahmaputra_from_ganden3.jpg/330px-Brahmaputra_from_ganden3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Brahmaputra_from_ganden3.jpg/440px-Brahmaputra_from_ganden3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3227" data-file-height="1935" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo" title="Yarlung Tsangpo">Yarlung Tsangpo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In Tibet, the Tsangpo receives a number of tributaries. The most important left-bank tributaries are the Raka Zangbo (Raka Tsangpo), which joins the river west of <a href="/wiki/Xigaz%C3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Xigazê">Xigazê</a> (Shigatse), and the <a href="/wiki/Lhasa_River" title="Lhasa River">Lhasa</a> (Kyi), which flows past the Tibetan capital of <a href="/wiki/Lhasa" title="Lhasa">Lhasa</a> and joins the Tsangpo at <a href="/wiki/Q%C3%BCx%C3%BC" title="Qüxü">Qüxü</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Nyang_River" title="Nyang River">Nyang River</a> joins the Tsangpo from the north at Zela (Tsela Dzong). On the right bank, a second river called the Nyang Qu (Nyang Chu) meets the Tsangpo at Xigazê. </p><p>After passing Pi (Pe) in Tibet, the river turns suddenly to the north and northeast and cuts a course through a succession of great narrow gorges between the mountainous massifs of <a href="/wiki/Gyala_Peri" title="Gyala Peri">Gyala Peri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Namcha_Barwa" title="Namcha Barwa">Namcha Barwa</a> in a series of rapids and cascades. Thereafter, the river turns south and southwest and flows through a deep gorge (the "<a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo_Grand_Canyon" title="Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon">Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon</a>") across the eastern extremity of the Himalayas with canyon walls that extend upward for 5,000 m (16,000 ft) and more on each side. During that stretch, the river crosses the China-India line of actual control to enter northern Arunachal Pradesh, where it is known as the Dihang (or Siang) River, and turns more southerly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Arunachal_Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Arunachal Pradesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Brahmaputra_River" title="Special:EditPage/Brahmaputra River">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brahmaputra-river-basin.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Brahmaputra-river-basin.png/220px-Brahmaputra-river-basin.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Brahmaputra-river-basin.png/330px-Brahmaputra-river-basin.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Brahmaputra-river-basin.png/440px-Brahmaputra-river-basin.png 2x" data-file-width="2573" data-file-height="1956" /></a><figcaption>Brahmaputra basin in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunset_in_Dibrugarh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Sunset_in_Dibrugarh.jpg/160px-Sunset_in_Dibrugarh.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Sunset_in_Dibrugarh.jpg/240px-Sunset_in_Dibrugarh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Sunset_in_Dibrugarh.jpg/320px-Sunset_in_Dibrugarh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="4608" /></a><figcaption>A view of sunset in the Brahmaputra from Dibrugarh</figcaption></figure> <p>The Yarlung Tsangpo leaves the part of Tibet to enter Indian state of <a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a>, where the river is called Siang. It makes a very rapid descent from its original height in Tibet and finally appears in the plains, where it is called Dihang. It flows for about 35 km (22 mi) southward after which, it is joined by the <a href="/wiki/Dibang_River" title="Dibang River">Dibang River</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lohit_River" title="Lohit River">Lohit River</a> at the head of the Assam Valley. Below the Lohit, the river is called Brahmaputra and Doima (mother of water) and Burlung-Buthur by native <a href="/wiki/Bodo_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodo people">Bodo</a> tribals, it then enters the state of <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>, and becomes very wide—as wide as 20 km (12 mi) in parts of Assam. </p><p>The reason for such an unusual course and drastic change is that the river <a href="/wiki/Antecedent_drainage_stream" title="Antecedent drainage stream">is antecedent</a> to the Himalayas, meaning that it had existed before them and has <a href="/wiki/Entrenched_river" title="Entrenched river">entrenched itself</a> since they started rising. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Assam">Assam</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Assam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bank_of_Brahmaputra_river-Guwahati_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Bank of Brahmaputra River in Guwahati." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bank_of_Brahmaputra_river-Guwahati_2.jpg/220px-Bank_of_Brahmaputra_river-Guwahati_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bank_of_Brahmaputra_river-Guwahati_2.jpg/330px-Bank_of_Brahmaputra_river-Guwahati_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bank_of_Brahmaputra_river-Guwahati_2.jpg/440px-Bank_of_Brahmaputra_river-Guwahati_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1696" /></a><figcaption>Bank of Brahmaputra River in Guwahati</figcaption></figure> <p>The Dihang, winding out of the mountains, turns towards the southeast and descends into a low-lying basin as it enters northeastern Assam state. Just west of the town of Sadiya, the river again turns to the southwest and is joined by two mountain streams, the Lohit, and the Dibang. Below that confluence, about 1,450 km (900 mi) from the Bay of Bengal, the river becomes known conventionally as the Brahmaputra ("Son of Brahma"). In Assam, the river is mighty, even in the dry season, and during the rains, its banks are more than 8 km (5.0 mi) apart. As the river follows its braided 700 km (430 mi) course through the valley, it receives several rapidly flowing Himalayan streams, including the Subansiri, Kameng, Bhareli, Dhansiri, Manas, Champamati, Saralbhanga, and Sankosh Rivers. The main tributaries from the hills and from the plateau to the south are the Burhi Dihing, the Disang, the Dikhu, and the Kopili. </p><p>Between <a href="/wiki/Dibrugarh_district" title="Dibrugarh district">Dibrugarh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lakhimpur_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakhimpur District">Lakhimpur Districts</a>, the river divides into two channels—the northern Kherkutia channel and the southern Brahmaputra channel. The two channels join again about 100 km (62 mi) downstream, forming the <a href="/wiki/Majuli" title="Majuli">Majuli</a> island, which is the largest river island in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At <a href="/wiki/Guwahati" title="Guwahati">Guwahati</a>, near the ancient pilgrimage centre of <a href="/wiki/Hajo_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hajo (India)">Hajo</a>, the Brahmaputra cuts through the rocks of the <a href="/wiki/Shillong_Plateau" title="Shillong Plateau">Shillong Plateau</a>, and is at its narrowest at 1 km (1,100 yd) bank-to-bank. The terrain of this area made it logistically ideal for the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saraighat" title="Battle of Saraighat">Battle of Saraighat</a>, the military confrontation between the Mughal Empire and the Ahom Kingdom in March 1671. The first combined railroad/roadway bridge across the Brahmaputra was constructed at <a href="/wiki/Saraighat" title="Saraighat">Saraighat</a>. It was opened to traffic in April 1962. </p><p>The environment of the Brahmaputra <a href="/wiki/Floodplain" title="Floodplain">floodplains</a> in Assam have been described as the <a href="/wiki/Brahmaputra_Valley_semi-evergreen_forests" title="Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests">Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests</a> <a href="/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion">ecoregion</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangladesh_LOC_1996_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bangladesh_LOC_1996_map.jpg/290px-Bangladesh_LOC_1996_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="363" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bangladesh_LOC_1996_map.jpg/435px-Bangladesh_LOC_1996_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bangladesh_LOC_1996_map.jpg/580px-Bangladesh_LOC_1996_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1596" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Rivers of Bangladesh, including the Brahmaputra</figcaption></figure> <p>In Bangladesh, the Brahmaputra is joined by the <a href="/wiki/Teesta_River" title="Teesta River">Teesta River</a> (or Tista), one of its largest tributaries. Below the Tista, the Brahmaputra splits into two <a href="/wiki/Distributary" title="Distributary">distributary</a> branches. The western branch, which contains the majority of the river's flow, continues due south as the Jamuna (<span title="Bengali-language text"><i lang="bn-Latn">Jomuna</i></span>) to merge with the lower Ganga, called the <a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma River</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><i lang="bn-Latn">Pôdma</i></span>). The eastern branch, formerly the larger, but now much smaller, is called the lower or <a href="/wiki/Old_Brahmaputra" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Brahmaputra">Old Brahmaputra</a> (<span title="Bengali-language text"><i lang="bn-Latn">Brommoputro</i></span>). It curves southeast to join the <a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Meghna River</a> near <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>. The Padma and Meghna converge near <a href="/wiki/Chandpur_District" title="Chandpur District">Chandpur</a> and flow out into the Bay of Bengal. This final part of the river is called Meghna.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Brahmaputra enters the plains of Bangladesh after turning south around the Garo Hills below Dhuburi, India. After flowing past Chilmari, Bangladesh, it is joined on its right bank by the Tista River and then follows a 240 km (150 mi) course due south as the Jamuna River. (South of Gaibanda, the Old Brahmaputra leaves the left bank of the mainstream and flows past Jamalpur and Mymensingh to join the Meghna River at Bhairab Bazar.) Before its confluence with the Ganga, the Jamuna receives the combined waters of the <a href="/wiki/Baral_River" title="Baral River">Baral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atrai_River" title="Atrai River">Atrai</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hurasagar_River" title="Hurasagar River">Hurasagar</a> Rivers on its right bank and becomes the point of departure of the large <a href="/wiki/Dhaleswari_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhaleswari River">Dhaleswari River</a> on its left bank. A tributary of the Dhaleswari, the Buriganga ("Old Ganga"), flows past Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, and joins the Meghna River above Munshiganj.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Jamuna joins with the Ganga north of Goalundo Ghat, below which, as the Padma, their combined waters flow to the southeast for a distance of about 120 km (75 mi). After several smaller channels branch off to feed the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta to the south, the main body of the Padma reaches its confluence with the Meghna River near Chandpur and then enters the Bay of Bengal through the Meghna estuary and lesser channels flowing through the delta. The growth of the Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta is dominated by tidal processes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ganga_Delta" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganga Delta">Ganga Delta</a>, fed by the waters of numerous rivers, including the Ganga and Brahmaputra, is 105,000 km<sup>2</sup> (41,000 sq mi), one of the largest <a href="/wiki/River_delta" title="River delta">river deltas</a> in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-SinghSharma2004_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SinghSharma2004-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangladesh_tmo_2011313.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bangladesh_tmo_2011313.jpg/350px-Bangladesh_tmo_2011313.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="350" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bangladesh_tmo_2011313.jpg/525px-Bangladesh_tmo_2011313.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bangladesh_tmo_2011313.jpg/700px-Bangladesh_tmo_2011313.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>The Brahmaputra River from outer space</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrology">Hydrology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hydrology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a>–<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brahmaputra</a>–<a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Meghna</a> system has the second-greatest average discharge of the world's rivers—roughly ~44,000 m<sup>3</sup>/s (1,600,000 cu ft/s), and the river Brahmaputra alone supplies about 50% of the total discharge.<sup id="cite_ref-Hydrological_Cycle_Volume_III_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hydrological_Cycle_Volume_III-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rivers' combined suspended sediment load of about 1.87 billion tonnes (1.84 billion tons) per year is the world's highest.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-combinedsedimentload_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-combinedsedimentload-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the past, the lower course of the Brahmaputra was different and passed through the <a href="/wiki/Jamalpur_District" title="Jamalpur District">Jamalpur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mymensingh_District" title="Mymensingh District">Mymensingh</a> districts. In an 8.8 magnitude <a href="/wiki/1762_Arakan_earthquake" title="1762 Arakan earthquake">earthquake on 2 April 1762</a>, however, the main channel of the Brahmaputra at Bhahadurabad point was switched southwards and opened as <a href="/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh)" title="Jamuna River (Bangladesh)">Jamuna</a> due to the result of tectonic uplift of the <a href="/wiki/Madhupur_tract" title="Madhupur tract">Madhupur tract</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Climate">Climate</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rising temperatures significantly contribute to snow melting in the upper Brahmaputra catchment. <sup id="cite_ref-link.springer.com_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-link.springer.com-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The discharge of the Brahmaputra River is significantly influenced by the melting of snow in the upper part of its catchment area. This increase in river flow, caused by the substantial retreat of snow, leads to a higher downstream discharge. Such a rise in discharge often results in severe catastrophic issues, including flooding and erosion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Discharge">Discharge</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Discharge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Brahmaputra_River" title="Special:EditPage/Brahmaputra River">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Naokhel_At_sualkuchi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Naokhel_At_sualkuchi.jpg/220px-Naokhel_At_sualkuchi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Naokhel_At_sualkuchi.jpg/330px-Naokhel_At_sualkuchi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Naokhel_At_sualkuchi.jpg/440px-Naokhel_At_sualkuchi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Rowing competition of <a href="/wiki/Sualkuchi" title="Sualkuchi">Sualkuchi</a> at Brahmaputra River</figcaption></figure> <p>The Brahmaputra River is characterized by its significant rates of sediment discharge, the large and variable flows, along with its rapid channel aggradations and accelerated rates of basin denudation. Over time, the deepening of the Bengal Basin caused by erosion will result in the increase in hydraulic radius, and hence allowing for the huge accumulation of sediments fed from the Himalayan erosion by efficient sediment transportation. The thickness of the sediment accumulated above the Precambrian basement has increased over the years from a few hundred meters to over 18 km (11 mi) in the Bengal fore-deep to the south. The ongoing subsidence of the Bengal Basin and the high rate of Himalayan uplift continues to contribute to the large water and sediment discharges of fine sand and silt, with 1% clay, in the Brahmaputra River. </p><p>Climatic change plays a crucial role in affecting the basin hydrology. Throughout the year, there is a significant rise in hydrograph, with a broad peak between July and September. The Brahmaputra River experiences two high-water seasons, one in early summer caused by snowmelt in the mountains, and one in late summer caused by runoff from monsoon rains. The river flow is strongly influenced by snow and ice melting of the glaciers, which are located mainly on the eastern Himalaya regions in the upstream parts of the basin. The snow and glacier melt contribution to the total annual runoff is about 27%, while the annual rainfall contributes to about 1.9 m (6 ft 3 in) and 22,000 m<sup>3</sup>/s (780,000 cu ft/s) of discharge.<sup id="cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highest recorded daily discharge in the Brahmaputra at Pandu was 72,726 m<sup>3</sup>/s (2,568,300 cu ft/s) August 1962 while the lowest was 1,757 m<sup>3</sup>/s (62,000 cu ft/s) in February 1968. The increased rates of snow and glacial melt are likely to increase summer flows in some river systems for a few decades, followed by a reduction in flow as the glaciers disappear and snowfall diminishes. This is particularly true for the dry season when water availability is crucial for the irrigation systems. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Floodplain_evolution">Floodplain evolution</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Floodplain evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Brahmaputra_River" title="Special:EditPage/Brahmaputra River">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The course of the Brahmaputra River has changed drastically in the past two and a half centuries, moving its river course westwards for a distance of about 80 km (50 mi), leaving its old river course, appropriately named the old Brahmaputra river, behind. In the past, the floodplain of the old river course had soils which were more properly formed compared to graded sediments on the operating Jamuna river. This change of river course resulted in modifications to the soil-forming process, which include acidification, the breakdown of clays and buildup of organic matter, with the soils showing an increasing amount of biotic homogenization, mottling, the coating around Peds and maturing soil arrangement, shape and pattern. In the future, the consequences of local ground subsidence coupled with flood prevention propositions, for instance, localised breakwaters, that increase flood-plain water depths outside the water breakers, may alter the water levels of the floodplains. Throughout the years, bars, scroll bars, and sand dunes are formed at the edge of the flood plain by deposition. The height difference of the channel topography is often not more than 1–2 m (3–7 ft). Furthermore, flooding over the history of the river has caused the formation of river levees due to deposition from the overbank flow. The height difference between the levee top and the surrounding floodplains is typically 1 m (3 ft) along small channels and 2–3 m (7–10 ft) along major channels. Crevasse splay, a sedimentary fluvial deposit which forms when a stream breaks its natural or artificial levees and deposits sediment on a floodplain, are often formed due to a breach in the levee, forming a lobe of sediments which progrades onto the adjacent floodplain. Lastly, flood basins are often formed between the levees of adjacent rivers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Flooding">Flooding</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Flooding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brahmaputra_Plains_in_Goalpara_District_of_Assam_857.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Brahmaputra_Plains_in_Goalpara_District_of_Assam_857.jpg/200px-Brahmaputra_Plains_in_Goalpara_District_of_Assam_857.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Brahmaputra_Plains_in_Goalpara_District_of_Assam_857.jpg/300px-Brahmaputra_Plains_in_Goalpara_District_of_Assam_857.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Brahmaputra_Plains_in_Goalpara_District_of_Assam_857.jpg/400px-Brahmaputra_Plains_in_Goalpara_District_of_Assam_857.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Flooded villages along the Brahmaputra</figcaption></figure> <p>During the monsoon season (June–October), floods are a very common occurrence. Deforestation in the Brahmaputra watershed has resulted in increased siltation levels, flash floods, and soil erosion in critical downstream habitat, such as the <a href="/wiki/Kaziranga_National_Park" title="Kaziranga National Park">Kaziranga National Park</a> in middle Assam. Occasionally, massive flooding causes huge losses to crops, life, and property. Periodic flooding is a natural phenomenon which is ecologically important because it helps maintain the lowland grasslands and associated wildlife. Periodic floods also deposit fresh alluvium, replenishing the fertile soil of the Brahmaputra River Valley. Thus flooding, agriculture, and agricultural practices are closely connected.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The effects of flooding can be devastating and cause significant damage to crops and houses, serious bank erosive with consequent loss of homesteads, school and land, and loss of many lives, livestock, and fisheries. During the 1998 flood, over 70% of the land area of Bangladesh was inundated, affecting 31 million people and 1 million homesteads. In the 1998 flood which had an unusually long duration from July to September, claimed 918 human lives and was responsible for damaging 1,600 km (990 mi) of roads and 6,000 km (3,700 mi) embankments, and affecting 6,000 km<sup>2</sup> (2,300 sq mi) of standing crops. The 2004 floods, over 25% of the population of Bangladesh or 36 million people, were affected by the floods; 800 people died; 952 000 houses were destroyed and 1.4 million were badly damaged; 24 000 educational institutions were affected including the destruction of 1200 primary schools, 2 million governments and private tube wells were affected, over 3 million latrines were damaged or washed away, this increases the risks of waterborne diseases including diarrhea and cholera. Also, 1.1 million ha (2.7 million acres) of the rice crop was submerged and lost before it could be harvested, with 7% of the yearly <i>aus</i> (early season) rice crop lost; 270,000 ha (670,000 acres) of grazing land was affected, 5600 livestock perished together with 254 00 poultry and 63 million tonnes (69 million short tons) of lost fish production. </p><p>Flood-control measures are taken by the water resource department and the Brahmaputra Board, but until now the flood problem remains unsolved. At least a third of the land of <a href="/wiki/Majuli" title="Majuli">Majuli Island</a> has been eroded by the river. Recently, it is suggested that a highway protected by concrete mat along the river bank and excavation of the river bed can curb this menace. This project, named the Brahmaputra River Restoration Project, is yet to be implemented by the government. Recently the Central Government approved the construction of Brahmaputra Express Highways. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Channel_morphology">Channel morphology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Channel morphology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The course of the Brahmaputra River has changed dramatically over the past 250 years, with evidence of large-scale avulsion, in the period 1776–1850, of 80 km (50 mi) from east of the Madhupur tract to the west of it. Prior to 1843, the Brahmaputra flowed within the channel now termed the <a href="/wiki/Old_Brahmaputra_River" title="Old Brahmaputra River">"Old Brahmaputra"</a>. The banks of the river are mostly weakly cohesive sand and silts, which usually erodes through large scale slab failure, where previously deposited materials undergo scour and bank erosion during flood periods. Presently, the river's erosion rate has decreased to 30 m (98 ft) per year as compared to 150 m (490 ft) per year from 1973 to 1992. This erosion has, however, destroyed so much land that it has caused 0.7 million people to become homeless due to loss of land. </p><p>Several studies have discussed the reasons for the avulsion of the river into its present course, and have suggested a number of reasons including tectonic activity, switches in the upstream course of the Teesta River, the influence of increased discharge, catastrophic floods and river capture into an old river course. From an analysis of maps of the river between 1776 and 1843, it was concluded in a study that the river avulsion was more likely gradual than catastrophic and sudden, and may have been generated by bank erosion, perhaps around a large mid-channel bar, causing a diversion of the channel into the existing floodplain channel. </p><p>The Brahmaputra channel is governed by the peak and low flow periods during which its bed undergoes tremendous modification. The Brahmaputra's bank line migration is inconsistent with time. The Brahmaputra river bed has widened significantly since 1916 and appears to be shifting more towards the south than towards the north. Together with the contemporary slow migration of the river, the left bank is being eroded away faster than the right bank.<sup id="cite_ref-researchgate.net_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-researchgate.net-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="River_engineering">River engineering</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: River engineering"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Brahmaputra River experiences high levels of <a href="/wiki/Bank_erosion" title="Bank erosion">bank erosion</a> (usually via slab failure) and <a href="/wiki/River_channel_migration" title="River channel migration">channel migration</a> caused by its strong current, lack of riverbank vegetation, and loose sand and silt which compose its banks. It is thus difficult to build permanent structures on the river, and protective structures designed to limit the river's erosional effects often face numerous issues during and after construction. In fact, a 2004 report<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by the Bangladesh Disaster and Emergency Sub-Group (BDER) has stated that several of such protective systems have 'just failed'. However, some progress has been made in the form of construction works which stabilize sections of the river, albeit with the need for heavy maintenance. The <a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Bridge" title="Bangabandhu Bridge">Bangabandhu Bridge</a>, the only bridge to span the river's major distributary, the <a href="/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh)" title="Jamuna River (Bangladesh)">Jamuna</a>, was thus opened in June 1998. Constructed at a narrow braid belt of the river, it is 4.8 km (3.0 mi) long with a platform 18.5 m (61 ft) wide, and it is used to carry railroad traffic as well as gas, power and telecommunication lines. Due to the variable nature of the river, the prediction of the river's future course is crucial in planning upstream engineering to prevent flooding on the bridge. </p><p>China had built the <a href="/wiki/Zangmu_Dam" title="Zangmu Dam">Zangmu Dam</a> in the upper course of the Brahmaputra River in the Tibet region and it was operationalised on 13 October 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tributaries">Tributaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Tributaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main tributaries from the mouth:<sup id="cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Left <p>tributary </p> </th> <th>Right <p>tributary </p> </th> <th>Length <p>(km) </p> </th> <th>Basin size <p>(km<sup>2</sup>) </p> </th> <th>Average discharge <p>(m<sup>3</sup>/s)<sup>*</sup> </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b><a href="/wiki/Old_Brahmaputra_River" title="Old Brahmaputra River">Old Brahmaputra</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Upper Meghna</a>–Kalni–<a href="/wiki/Kushiyara_River" title="Kushiyara River">Kushyiara</a>–<a href="/wiki/Barak_River" title="Barak River">Barak</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td>1,040 </td> <td>85,385 </td> <td>5,603.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Shaldha </td> <td> </td> <td>555.3 </td> <td>28 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Beltoly </td> <td> </td> <td>232.7 </td> <td>11.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b><a href="/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh)" title="Jamuna River (Bangladesh)">Jamuna</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Atrai_River" title="Atrai River">Atrai</a>–<a href="/wiki/Gumani_River" title="Gumani River">Gumani</a> </td> <td>390 </td> <td>22,876.1 </td> <td>800.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ghaghat–Alay </td> <td>148 </td> <td>1,388.6 </td> <td>46.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jinjiram </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2,798.5 </td> <td>103 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Teesta_River" title="Teesta River">Teesta</a> </td> <td>414 </td> <td>12,466.1 </td> <td>463.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dharla_River" title="Dharla River">Dharla</a>–<a href="/wiki/Jaldhaka_River" title="Jaldhaka River">Jaldhaka</a> </td> <td>289 </td> <td>5,929.4 </td> <td>245.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Torsa_River" title="Torsa River">Torsa</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>12,183 </td> <td>361.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b>Middle Brahmaputra</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td>Gangadhar <p>(<a href="/wiki/Sunkoshi_River" title="Sunkoshi River">Sunkosh</a>) </p> </td> <td> </td> <td>11,413.9 </td> <td>231.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tipkai_River" title="Tipkai River">Tipkai</a>–Gaurang </td> <td>108 </td> <td>3,202.9 </td> <td>118.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Champabati_River" title="Champabati River">Champabuti</a> (Bhur) </td> <td>135 </td> <td>1,259.3 </td> <td>43.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Krishnai_River" title="Krishnai River">Krishnai</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>105 </td> <td>2,251.5 </td> <td>82.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manas_River" title="Manas River">Manas</a>–<a href="/wiki/Beki_River" title="Beki River">Beki</a> </td> <td>400 </td> <td>36,835.1 </td> <td>875 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kulsi_River" title="Kulsi River">Kulsi</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>220 </td> <td>4,615.2 </td> <td>339.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Puthimari_River" title="Puthimari River">Puthimari</a> </td> <td>190 </td> <td>2,737.4 </td> <td>149.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kalbog Nadi </td> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td> </td> <td>283.7 </td> <td>23.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kopili_River" title="Kopili River">Kopili</a> (Kalang) </td> <td>297 </td> <td>19,705.7 </td> <td>1,802 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pokoriya (<a href="/wiki/Kolong_river" title="Kolong river">Kolong</a>) </td> <td> </td> <td>1,265.5 </td> <td>103.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td>Bhola </td> <td> </td> <td>726.2 </td> <td>69.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tangni </td> <td> </td> <td>500.9 </td> <td>40.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dhansiri_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhansiri river">Dhansiri Nadi</a> </td> <td>123 </td> <td>1,821.8 </td> <td>122.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Leteri </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>305.7 </td> <td>24.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"> </td> <td>Belsiri Nadi </td> <td> </td> <td>808.7 </td> <td>67.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gabhara Nadi </td> <td> </td> <td>697.7 </td> <td>57.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kameng_River" title="Kameng River">Kameng</a> <p>(<a href="/wiki/Bhareli_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhareli river">Bhareli</a>) </p> </td> <td>264 </td> <td>10,841.3 </td> <td>780.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gamiripal </td> <td> </td> <td>262.4 </td> <td>22.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/River_Diphlu" title="River Diphlu">Diphlu</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,050.3 </td> <td>91.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"> </td> <td>Bargang </td> <td>42 </td> <td>640.5 </td> <td>57.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bihmāri Nadi </td> <td> </td> <td>208.4 </td> <td>18.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Baroi </td> <td>64 </td> <td>712.7 </td> <td>68.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Holongi </td> <td>167 </td> <td>970.9 </td> <td>92.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dhansiri" title="Dhansiri">Dhansiri</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>352 </td> <td>12,780.1 </td> <td>978.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Subansiri_River" title="Subansiri River">Subansiri</a> </td> <td>518 </td> <td>34,833.1 </td> <td>3,153.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tuni </td> <td> </td> <td>186.3 </td> <td>20.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jhanji_River" title="Jhanji River">Jhānzi</a> </td> <td rowspan="4"> </td> <td>108 </td> <td>2,102.2 </td> <td>213.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dikhu </td> <td>200 </td> <td>3,268.7 </td> <td>359 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Disang </td> <td>253 </td> <td>4,415.1 </td> <td>477.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dihing_River" title="Dihing River">Burhi Dihing</a> </td> <td>380 </td> <td>5,975.2 </td> <td>652.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td>Simen </td> <td>68.5 </td> <td>1,438 </td> <td>232.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poba </td> <td> </td> <td>599.1 </td> <td>89.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lohit_River" title="Lohit River">Lohit</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td>560 </td> <td>29,330.1 </td> <td>2,138.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dibang_River" title="Dibang River">Dibang</a> </td> <td>324 </td> <td>12,502.5 </td> <td>1,337.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b><a href="/wiki/Siang_River" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Siang River">Siang</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Mora Lāli Korong </td> <td> </td> <td>201.2 </td> <td>30.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Siku </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td> </td> <td>254.8 </td> <td>40.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yamne </td> <td> </td> <td>1,266.3 </td> <td>205.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="10"> </td> <td>Sireng </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yembung </td> <td> </td> <td>171 </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sike <p>(<a href="/wiki/Siyom_River" title="Siyom River">Siyom</a>) </p> </td> <td>170 </td> <td>5,818.3 </td> <td>843.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Simyuk (Simaang) </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>12.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Siring </td> <td> </td> <td>143.2 </td> <td>21.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Angong </td> <td> </td> <td>141.4 </td> <td>19.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Niogang (Sirapatang) </td> <td> </td> <td>151.2 </td> <td>21.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Shapateng </td> <td> </td> <td>1,044.5 </td> <td>88.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Siyi (Pall Si) </td> <td> </td> <td>154.8 </td> <td>14.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ringong (Ripong Asi) </td> <td> </td> <td>785.6 </td> <td>53.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yang Sang Chu </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,302.1 </td> <td>156 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><b><a href="/wiki/Yarlung_Tsangpo" title="Yarlung Tsangpo">Yarlung Tsangpo</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Nagöng (Lugong) </td> <td> </td> <td>314.6 </td> <td>17.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nilechu </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>134.2 </td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Baimu Xiri </td> <td> </td> <td>695.2 </td> <td>33.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sikong </td> <td rowspan="3"> </td> <td> </td> <td>273.6 </td> <td>18.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Simo Chu </td> <td> </td> <td>636.7 </td> <td>37.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chimdro Chu </td> <td> </td> <td>2,161.3 </td> <td>99.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Yanglang </td> <td> </td> <td>451.1 </td> <td>20.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Parlung_Tsangpo" title="Parlung Tsangpo">Parlung Zangbo</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td>266 </td> <td>28,631 </td> <td>867.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nyang_River" title="Nyang River">Nyang</a> </td> <td>307.5 </td> <td>17,928.7 </td> <td>441.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Nanyi </td> <td> </td> <td>633.3 </td> <td>42.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ga Sacouren </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,119.9 </td> <td>32.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Lilong </td> <td> </td> <td>1,562.9 </td> <td>89.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mulucuo </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,150.1 </td> <td>23.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Jindong Qu </td> <td> </td> <td>958.1 </td> <td>26.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Baqu Qu </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,624.6 </td> <td>23 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Zengqiqu </td> <td> </td> <td>1,453.5 </td> <td>12 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td>Momequ </td> <td> </td> <td>2,029.7 </td> <td>23.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yalong </td> <td>68 </td> <td>2,263.9 </td> <td>26 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lhasa_River" title="Lhasa River">Lhasa</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td>568 </td> <td>32,471 </td> <td>335 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nimu_Maqu_River" title="Nimu Maqu River">Nima Maqu</a> </td> <td>83 </td> <td>2,385.9 </td> <td>11.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Menqu </td> <td>73 </td> <td>11,437.1 </td> <td>102.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wuyu Maqu </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,609.8 </td> <td>3.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Xiangqu Qu </td> <td> </td> <td>7,427.6 </td> <td>21.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Nyang Qu (Nianchu) </td> <td>217 </td> <td>14,231.9 </td> <td>77.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nadong </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2,422.5 </td> <td>8.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td>Xiabu </td> <td> </td> <td>5,467.2 </td> <td>20.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dogxung Zangbo </td> <td> </td> <td>303 </td> <td>19,885.7 </td> <td>58.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td>Sa'gya Zangbo </td> <td> </td> <td>1,489.2 </td> <td>6.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ji </td> <td> </td> <td>1,647.3 </td> <td>5.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Naxiong </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>5,771.9 </td> <td>74.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"> </td> <td>Mang Zhaxiongqu </td> <td> </td> <td>524.1 </td> <td>14.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Galixiong </td> <td> </td> <td>411.1 </td> <td>12.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Xuede Zangbu </td> <td> </td> <td>807 </td> <td>25.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jiajizi </td> <td> </td> <td>1,391 </td> <td>24.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Menqu Qu </td> <td rowspan="2"> </td> <td> </td> <td>1,236.9 </td> <td>7.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chai (Tsa Chu) </td> <td> </td> <td>4,319.6 </td> <td>9.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maquan_River" title="Maquan River">Maquan</a> <p>(Matsang Tsangpo) </p> </td> <td>270 </td> <td>21,502.3 </td> <td>164 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><sup>*</sup>Period: 1971–2000 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brahmaputra_River_SPOT_1125.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Brahmaputra_River_SPOT_1125.jpg/220px-Brahmaputra_River_SPOT_1125.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Brahmaputra_River_SPOT_1125.jpg/330px-Brahmaputra_River_SPOT_1125.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Brahmaputra_River_SPOT_1125.jpg/440px-Brahmaputra_River_SPOT_1125.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Brahmaputra River seen from a <a href="/wiki/SPOT_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="SPOT satellite">SPOT satellite</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brahmaputra_system.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Brahmaputra_system.png/220px-Brahmaputra_system.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Brahmaputra_system.png/330px-Brahmaputra_system.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Brahmaputra_system.png/440px-Brahmaputra_system.png 2x" data-file-width="1047" data-file-height="501" /></a><figcaption>The Brahmaputra and its tributaries in northeastern India and Bangladesh</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1776_Rennell_-_Dury_Wall_Map_of_Bihar_and_Bengal,_India_-_Geographicus_-_BaharBengal-dury-1776.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/1776_Rennell_-_Dury_Wall_Map_of_Bihar_and_Bengal%2C_India_-_Geographicus_-_BaharBengal-dury-1776.jpg/220px-1776_Rennell_-_Dury_Wall_Map_of_Bihar_and_Bengal%2C_India_-_Geographicus_-_BaharBengal-dury-1776.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/1776_Rennell_-_Dury_Wall_Map_of_Bihar_and_Bengal%2C_India_-_Geographicus_-_BaharBengal-dury-1776.jpg/330px-1776_Rennell_-_Dury_Wall_Map_of_Bihar_and_Bengal%2C_India_-_Geographicus_-_BaharBengal-dury-1776.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/1776_Rennell_-_Dury_Wall_Map_of_Bihar_and_Bengal%2C_India_-_Geographicus_-_BaharBengal-dury-1776.jpg/440px-1776_Rennell_-_Dury_Wall_Map_of_Bihar_and_Bengal%2C_India_-_Geographicus_-_BaharBengal-dury-1776.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9106" data-file-height="6000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_Rennell" title="James Rennell">James Rennell</a>'s 1776 map shows the Brahmaputra's flow before an earthquake on 2 April 1762 and the <a href="/wiki/Teesta_River" title="Teesta River">Teesta River</a> flowing in three channels to the Ganga before a flood in 1787.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earlier_history">Earlier history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Earlier history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bodo-Kachari" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodo-Kachari">Kachari</a> group called the river "Dilao", "Tilao".<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early Greek accounts of Curtius and Strabo give its name as Dyardanes (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient greek">Ancient greek</a> Δυαρδάνης) and Oidanes.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the past, the course of the lower Brahmaputra was different and passed through the <a href="/wiki/Jamalpur_District" title="Jamalpur District">Jamalpur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mymensingh" title="Mymensingh">Mymensingh</a> districts. Some water still flows through that course, now called the Old Brahmaputra, as a distributary of the main channel. </p><p>A question about the river system in <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> is when and why the Brahmaputra changed its main course, at the site of the Jamuna and the "Old Brahmaputra" fork that can be seen by comparing modern maps to historic maps before the 1800s.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Brahmaputra likely flowed directly south along its present main channel for much of the time since the <a href="/wiki/Last_glacial_maximum" class="mw-redirect" title="Last glacial maximum">last glacial maximum</a>, switching back and forth between the two courses several times throughout the <a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a>. </p><p>One idea about the most recent <a href="/wiki/Avulsion_(river)" title="Avulsion (river)">avulsion</a> is that the change in the course of the main waters of the Brahmaputra took place suddenly in 1787, the year of the heavy flooding of the river Tista. </p><p>In the middle of the 18th century, at least three fair-sized streams flowed between the <a href="/wiki/Rajshahi" title="Rajshahi">Rajshahi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a> Divisions, viz., the Daokoba, a branch of the Tista, the Monash or Konai, and the Salangi. The Lahajang and the Elengjany were also important rivers. In Renault's time, the Brahmaputra as a first step towards securing a more direct course to the sea by leaving the Mahdupur Jungle to the east began to send a considerable volume of water down the Jinai or Jabuna from Jamalpur into the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monash_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monash (river) (page does not exist)">Monash</a> and Salangi. These rivers gradually coalesced and kept shifting to the west till they met the Daokoba, which was showing an equally rapid tendency to cut towards the east. The junction of these rivers gave the Brahmaputra a course worthy of her immense power, and the rivers to right and left silted up. In Renault's Altas they very much resemble the rivers of Jessore, which dried up after the hundred-mouthed Ganga had cut her new channel to join the Meghna at the south of the <a href="/wiki/Munshiganj" title="Munshiganj">Munshiganj</a> subdivision. </p><p>In 1809, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Buchanan-Hamilton" title="Francis Buchanan-Hamilton">Francis Buchanan-Hamilton</a> wrote that the new channel between Bhawanipur and Dewanranj "was scarcely inferior to the mighty river, and threatens to sweep away the intermediate country". By 1830, the old channel had been reduced to its present insignificance. It was navigable by country boats throughout the year and by launches only during rains, but at the point as low as Jamalpur it was formidable throughout the cold weather. Similar was the position for two or three months just below Mymensingh also. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_cooperation">International cooperation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: International cooperation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The waters of the River Brahmaputra are shared by Tibet, India, and Bangladesh. In the 1990s and 2000s, there was repeated speculation that mentioned Chinese plans to build a dam at the Great Bend, with a view to diverting the waters to the north of the country. This has been denied by the Chinese government for many years.<sup id="cite_ref-economictimes_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-economictimes-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the Kathmandu Workshop of <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Foresight_Group" title="Strategic Foresight Group">Strategic Foresight Group</a> in August 2009 on Water Security in the Himalayan Region, which brought together in a rare development leading hydrologists from the basin countries, the Chinese scientists argued that it was not feasible for China to undertake such a diversion.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, on 22 April 2010, China confirmed that it was indeed building the <a href="/wiki/Zangmu_Dam" title="Zangmu Dam">Zangmu Dam</a> on the Brahmaputra in Tibet,<sup id="cite_ref-economictimes_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-economictimes-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but assured India that the project would not have any significant effect on the downstream flow to India.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This claim has also been reiterated by the Government of India, in an attempt to assuage domestic criticism of Chinese dam construction on the river, but is one that remains hotly debated.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent years have seen an intensification of grassroots opposition, especially in the state of Assam, against Chinese upstream dam building, as well as growing criticism of the Indian government for its perceived failure to respond appropriately to Chinese <a href="/wiki/Hydropower" title="Hydropower">hydropower</a> plans.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a meeting of scientists at Dhaka at 2010, 25 leading experts from the basin countries issued a Dhaka Declaration on Water Security<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> calling for the exchange of information in low-flow periods, and other means of collaboration. Even though the 1997 UN Watercourses Convention does not prevent any of the basin countries from building a dam upstream, customary law offers some relief to the lower riparian countries. There is also the potential for China, India, and Bangladesh to cooperate on transboundary water navigation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Significance_to_people">Significance to people</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Significance to people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Silhouette_of_a_fisherman_on_boat_during_sunset_at_Brahmaputra_River,_Assam,_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Silhouette_of_a_fisherman_on_boat_during_sunset_at_Brahmaputra_River%2C_Assam%2C_India.jpg/220px-Silhouette_of_a_fisherman_on_boat_during_sunset_at_Brahmaputra_River%2C_Assam%2C_India.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Silhouette_of_a_fisherman_on_boat_during_sunset_at_Brahmaputra_River%2C_Assam%2C_India.jpg/330px-Silhouette_of_a_fisherman_on_boat_during_sunset_at_Brahmaputra_River%2C_Assam%2C_India.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Silhouette_of_a_fisherman_on_boat_during_sunset_at_Brahmaputra_River%2C_Assam%2C_India.jpg/440px-Silhouette_of_a_fisherman_on_boat_during_sunset_at_Brahmaputra_River%2C_Assam%2C_India.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2340" data-file-height="2340" /></a><figcaption>Silhouette of a fisherman on boat during sunset at Brahmaputra River</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:River-ferry-828301_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/River-ferry-828301_1920.jpg/220px-River-ferry-828301_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/River-ferry-828301_1920.jpg/330px-River-ferry-828301_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/River-ferry-828301_1920.jpg/440px-River-ferry-828301_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">People fishing in the Brahmaputra River</div></figcaption></figure> <p>The lives of many millions of Indian and Bangladeshi citizens are reliant on the Brahmaputra river. Its delta is home to 130 million people and 600 000 people live on the riverine islands. These people rely on the annual 'normal' flood to bring moisture and fresh sediments to the floodplain soils, hence providing the necessities for agricultural and marine farming. In fact, two of the three seasonal rice varieties (aus and aman) cannot survive without the floodwater. Furthermore, the fish caught both on the floodplain during flood season and from the many floodplain ponds are the main source of protein for many rural populations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dams_and_hydropower_projects">Dams and hydropower projects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Dams and hydropower projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_dams_on_the_Brahmaputra_River" title="List of dams on the Brahmaputra River">List of dams on the Brahmaputra River</a></div> <p>Brahmaputra and Ganges floodwaters can be supplied to most lands in India by constructing a <a href="/wiki/Coastal_reservoir" title="Coastal reservoir">coastal reservoir</a> to store water on the Bay of Bengal sea area.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bridges">Bridges</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Bridges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Bridges"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="India_bridges"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Current_bridges">Current bridges</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Current bridges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="India_current_bridges"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Churni_River_Bridge_Ranaghat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Churni_River_Bridge_Ranaghat.jpg/220px-Churni_River_Bridge_Ranaghat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Churni_River_Bridge_Ranaghat.jpg/330px-Churni_River_Bridge_Ranaghat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Churni_River_Bridge_Ranaghat.jpg/440px-Churni_River_Bridge_Ranaghat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1237" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Ranaghat Bridge or Churni River Bridge on Brahmaputra River near Pasighat in Arunachal Pradesh</figcaption></figure> <p>From east to west till Parshuram Kund, then from southwest to northeast from Parshuram Kund to Patum, finally from east to southwest from Parshuram Kund to Burhidhing: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Naranarayan_Setu" title="Naranarayan Setu">Naranarayan Setu</a>, road and rail bridge near <a href="/wiki/Bongaigaon" title="Bongaigaon">Bongaigaon</a> in Assam, 2,285 metres (7,497 ft)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Saraighat_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Saraighat Bridge">Old Saraighat Bridge</a>, road and rail bridge near <a href="/wiki/Guwahati" title="Guwahati">Guwahati</a> in Assam. 1,495 metres (4,905 ft)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Saraighat_Bridge" title="New Saraighat Bridge">New Saraighat Bridge</a>, road bridge near Guwahati in Assam. 1,521 metres (4,990 ft)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolia_Bhomora_Setu" title="Kolia Bhomora Setu">Kolia Bhomora Setu</a>, road bridge near <a href="/wiki/Tezpur" title="Tezpur">Tezpur</a> in Assam, 3,025 metres (9,925 ft)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogibeel_Bridge" title="Bogibeel Bridge">Bogibeel Bridge</a>, road and rail bridge near <a href="/wiki/Dibrugarh" title="Dibrugarh">Dibrugarh</a> in Assam, 4,940 metres (16,210 ft), The Longest on Brahmaputra River.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guwahati%E2%80%93North_Guwahati_Bridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guwahati–North Guwahati Bridge (page does not exist)">Guwahati–North Guwahati Bridge</a>, road bridge on Brahmaputra river in <a href="/wiki/Guwahati" title="Guwahati">Guwahati</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Guwahati" title="North Guwahati">North Guwahati</a> in Assam.</li> <li>Ranaghat Bridge on the Brahmaputra at <a href="/wiki/Pasighat" title="Pasighat">Pasighat</a> in Arunachal Pradesh. 3,375 metres (11,073 ft)</li></ol> <ol><li>PM Modi Launches Mahabahu-Brahmaputra Initiative Ahead Of Polls In Assam<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Approved_and_under-construction_bridges">Approved and under-construction bridges</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Approved and under-construction bridges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Bridge"></span><span class="anchor" id="Bridges"></span><span class="anchor" id="India_planned_bridges"></span> </p><p>9 new bridges, including 3 bridges in Guwahati (New Saraighat bridge parallel to the old bridge, and 2 new bridges in greenfield locations at Bharalumukh & Kurua), 1 new bridge in Tezpur parallel to the old bridge, and 5 greenfield bridges in new locations (Dhubri, Bijoynagar, Gohpur tunnel, Nemtighat, & Sivasagar) elsewhere in Assam have been approved. 5 of these were announced in 2017 by India's Minister for <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Road_Transport_and_Highways" title="Ministry of Road Transport and Highways">MoRTH</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nitin_Gadkari" title="Nitin Gadkari">Nitin Gadkari</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-brid1_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brid1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-plan2_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plan2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From west to east: </p> <ol><li>Dhubri: <a href="/wiki/Dhubri-Phulbari_bridge" title="Dhubri-Phulbari bridge">Dhubri-Phulbari bridge</a>, road and rail bridge in Assam, near tri-junction of east Meghalaya, west Assam and north Bangladesh<sup id="cite_ref-brid1_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brid1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-plan2_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plan2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 12,625 metres (41,421 ft)</li> <li>Bijoynagar: Palasbari-<a href="/wiki/Sualkuchi" title="Sualkuchi">Sualkuchi</a> bridge, to connect <a href="/wiki/Nalbari" title="Nalbari">Nalbari</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bijoynagar" title="Bijoynagar">Bijoynagar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lokpriya_Gopinath_Bordoloi_International_Airport" title="Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport">Guwahati Airport</a> & Shillong.<sup id="cite_ref-nbr1_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbr1-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Guwahati: New Saraighat Bridge is rail-cum-road bridge parallel to old bridge, will be completed by December 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Guwahati: Bharalumukh-Machkhua bridge, 4,050 metres (13,290 ft) in central Guwahati connecting North Guwahati with Guwahati (Pan Bazar and Bharalmukh) will be operational in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-nbr1_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbr1-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Guwahati: Narangi-Kurua bridge, 675 metres (2,215 ft) east of Guwahati was approved in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Tezpur: Bhomoraguri-<a href="/wiki/Tezpur" title="Tezpur">Tezpur</a> Bridge (few meters parallel to existing <a href="/wiki/Kolia_Bhomora_Setu" title="Kolia Bhomora Setu">Kalia Bhomara Bridge</a> at Bhomoraguri suburb of <a href="/wiki/Tezpur" title="Tezpur">Tezpur</a> town in Assam,<sup id="cite_ref-plan2_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plan2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 3,250 metres (10,660 ft) was partially complete in 2021.</li> <li>Gohpur: <a href="/wiki/Numaligarh" title="Numaligarh">Numaligarh</a>-<a href="/wiki/Gohpur" title="Gohpur">Gohpur</a> Bridge under-water tunnel between <a href="/wiki/Gohpur" title="Gohpur">Gohpur</a> (<a href="/wiki/Biswanath_district" title="Biswanath district">Biswanath district</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Numaligarh" title="Numaligarh">Numaligarh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Golaghat_district" title="Golaghat district">Golaghat district</a> in Assam<sup id="cite_ref-brid1_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brid1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-plan2_41-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plan2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 4,500 metres (14,800 ft)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorhat" title="Jorhat">Jorhat</a>-<a href="/wiki/Majuli" title="Majuli">Majuli</a> bridge: <br /> Jorhat-Majuli bridge at <a href="/wiki/Jorhat" title="Jorhat">Jorhat</a> on Brahmaputra in Assam The Jorhat-Majuli bridege combined with Louit Khablu Bridge on a tributary will connect Jorhat with <a href="/wiki/Bihpuria" title="Bihpuria">Bihpuria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Narayanpur" class="mw-disambig" title="Narayanpur">Narayanpur</a>.When completed,it will be about 8.25 km in length.<sup id="cite_ref-brid1_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brid1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-plan2_41-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plan2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, <br /></li> <li>Sivasagar: Disangmukh-Tekeliphuta Bridge between Disangmukh-Tekeliphuta near Sivasagar in Assam<sup id="cite_ref-brid1_40-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brid1-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-plan2_41-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plan2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2.8 km</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Proposed_and_awaiting_approval_by_MoRTH">Proposed and awaiting approval by MoRTH</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Proposed and awaiting approval by MoRTH"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="proposed"></span> </p> <ul><li>Bridges on Brahmaputra: <br />These will reduce risk of blockades, logistics cost, travel time, boost economy, and enable India's <a href="/wiki/Look_East_policy_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Look East policy (India)">Look-East</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_foreign_policy_of_the_Narendra_Modi_government" title="South Asian foreign policy of the Narendra Modi government">Neighbourhood-first</a> connectivity.</li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Barpeta" title="Barpeta">Barpeta</a>-Nitarkhola Reserve bridge: half-way between Narnarayan Setu (Jogighopa) and <a href="/wiki/Guwahati" title="Guwahati">Guwahati</a> bridge, will reduce 140 km distance by 100 km to 40 km, vital for east Assam connectivity to south Assam, Meghalaya, Bangladesh and Tripura.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhuragaon-Kaupati_Bridge" title="Bhuragaon-Kaupati Bridge">Bhuragaon-Kaupati Bridge</a>: near <a href="/wiki/Morigaon" title="Morigaon">Morigaon</a> half-way between Guwahati and Tezpur, it will reduce 180 km distance by 140 km to 40 km, vital for connecting <a href="/wiki/Tawang" title="Tawang">Tawang</a> and eastern end of <a href="/wiki/East-West_Industrial_Corridor_Highway,_Arunachal_Pradesh" title="East-West Industrial Corridor Highway, Arunachal Pradesh">East-West Arunachal Industrial Corridor Highway</a> to South Assam, <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a>, Bangladesh, <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a> and <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kaladan_Multi-Modal_Transit_Transport_Project" title="Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project">Kaladan Project</a>), all of which are vital for tourism and trade.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/East-West_Industrial_Corridor_Highway,_Arunachal_Pradesh#Sadiya_bridge" title="East-West Industrial Corridor Highway, Arunachal Pradesh">Sadiya Sille-Oyan bridge</a>, 40 km long road including bridges, from Sille-Oyan-Chilling Madhupur-<a href="/wiki/Sadia" title="Sadia">Sadia</a> over <a href="/wiki/Brahmputra" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmputra">Brahmputra</a> river will existing 180 km Sille-Oyan to Sadiya distance by 140 km and existing 150 km Pasighat-Sadiya distance by 110 km. It is vital for <a href="/wiki/National_Waterway_2" title="National Waterway 2">National Waterway 2</a> and <a href="/wiki/East-West_Industrial_Corridor_Highway,_Arunachal_Pradesh" title="East-West Industrial Corridor Highway, Arunachal Pradesh">East-West Arunachal Industrial Corridor Highway</a>.</li></ol> <ul><li>Bridges on Padma river</li></ul> <ol><li>Dhulian bridge: between Pakur and Malda.</li></ol> <ul><li>Bridges on Subansiri river</li></ul> <ol><li>Narayanpur-Majuli Bridge to connect Narayanpur and Bodti Miri to Majuli Bridge. There is existing NH bridge near Gogamukh in north, another under construction Majuli-North Lakhimpur NH bridge in centre, and Narayanpur-Majuli Bridge in south will be third bridge.</li></ol> <ul><li>Bridges on Manas and Beki rivers: between Chapar and Barpeta on greenfield expressway</li></ul> <ol><li>Chamabati-Oudubi bridge</li> <li>Barjana-Moinbari bridge</li> <li>Balikuri-Barpeta bridge</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Under-river_tunnel">Under-river tunnel</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Under-river tunnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Tunnel"></span> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/India-China_Border_Roads#Tunnels" class="mw-redirect" title="India-China Border Roads">India-China Border Roads & tunnels</a></div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Numaligarh" title="Numaligarh">Numaligarh</a>-<a href="/wiki/Gohpur" title="Gohpur">Gohpur</a> under-river tunnel.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 15.6 km long tunnel, 22 metres below the river bed, will have 18 km approach roads to connect the <a href="/wiki/National_Highway_52_(India)" title="National Highway 52 (India)">NH-52</a> and Numaligarh on <a href="/wiki/National_Highway_37_(India)" title="National Highway 37 (India)">NH-37</a>. This total ~33 km route will boost economy and strategic defence connectivity, protect <a href="/wiki/Kaziranga_National_Park" title="Kaziranga National Park">Kaziranga National Park</a> by diverting traffic away from the congested 2-lane highway through the park, shorten 223 km 6 hour long Gohpur-Numaligarh route to 35 km and 30 minutes, This twin tube tunnel, with an under road water drainage and overhead ventilation fans, will have inter-connectivity the twin tubs for evacuation. It will be equipped with sensors, CCTV, automated safety and traffic control systems. It will cost Rs 12,807 crore (US$1.7 billion in 2021).<sup id="cite_ref-goh1_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goh1-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bangladesh_2">Bangladesh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Bangladesh_planned_bridges"></span> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_Bangladesh" title="List of bridges in Bangladesh">List of bridges in Bangladesh</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Present_bridges_in_Bangladesh">Present bridges in Bangladesh</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Present bridges in Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bridges on Brahmaputra (Jamuna river)</li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Bridge" title="Bangabandhu Bridge">Bangabandhu Bridge</a> (formerly Jamuna Bridge), road and rail bridge connects <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siraiganj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siraiganj (page does not exist)">Siraiganj</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tangail" title="Tangail">Tangail</a> on either side of the river.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu_Railway_Bridge" title="Bangabandhu Railway Bridge">Bangabandhu Railway Bridge</a> is under contraction railway bridge over Bramhmaputra River. It is connect Bangabandhu Bridge East Railway Station to Bangabandhu West Railway station</li></ol> <ul><li>Bridges on <a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma River</a> tributary of Brahmaputra</li></ul> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Bridge" title="Padma Bridge">Padma Bridge</a>, road and rail bridge, south of Dhaka.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalon_Shah_Bridge" title="Lalon Shah Bridge">Lalon Shah Bridge</a> road bridge on Padma River tributary of Brahmaputra, near Ishwardi & Pabna.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardinge_Bridge" title="Hardinge Bridge">Hardinge Bridge</a>, rail bridge on Padma River next to Lalon Shah Bridge.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Planned_bridges_in_Bangladesh">Planned bridges in Bangladesh</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Planned bridges in Bangladesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="plannedban"></span> </p> <ul><li>Bridges on Brahmaputra (Jamuna river)</li></ul> <ol><li>Kurigram-Mankachar bridge, rail and road bridge connecting west <a href="/wiki/Meghalaya" title="Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a> (Mankachar) and north Bangladesh (Kurigram, <a href="/wiki/Rangpur,_Bangladesh" title="Rangpur, Bangladesh">Rangpur</a> & <a href="/wiki/Dinajpur" title="Dinajpur">Dinajpur</a>) to north West Bengal (<a href="/wiki/Cooch_Behar" title="Cooch Behar">Cooch Behar</a> & <a href="/wiki/Siliguri" title="Siliguri">Siliguri</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a>.</li> <li>Gaibandha-Bakshiganj Bridge, road and rail bridge to connect existing rail and road heads at <a href="/wiki/Gaibandha" title="Gaibandha">Gaibandha</a>-<a href="/wiki/Bakshiganj" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakshiganj">Bakshiganj</a> on either side of the river. It will connect southwest Meghalaya (India) & south Assam (<a href="/wiki/Silchar" title="Silchar">Silchar</a>, India) to <a href="/wiki/Bogura" class="mw-redirect" title="Bogura">Bogura</a> (Bangladesh), <a href="/wiki/Malda,_Bihar" title="Malda, Bihar">Malda</a> (India), <a href="/wiki/Bhagalpur" title="Bhagalpur">Bhagalpur</a> (India) as an alternative to the chicken-neck <a href="/wiki/Siliguri_Corridor" title="Siliguri Corridor">Siliguri Corridor</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogura" class="mw-redirect" title="Bogura">Bogura</a>-<a href="/wiki/Jamalpur,_Bangladesh" title="Jamalpur, Bangladesh">Jamalpur</a> Gaibandha-Bakshiganj Bridge, road and rail bridge to connect <a href="/wiki/Imphal" title="Imphal">Imphal</a>-Silcher to <a href="/wiki/Sylhet" title="Sylhet">Sylhet</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mymensingh" title="Mymensingh">Mymensingh</a>-<a href="/wiki/Bogura" class="mw-redirect" title="Bogura">Bogura</a> to Malda-<a href="/wiki/Gaya,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaya, India">Gaya</a>-<a href="/wiki/Patna" title="Patna">Patna</a>.</li> <li>Shivalya-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Golanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golanda (page does not exist)">Golanda</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhagulpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhagulpur (page does not exist)">Bhagulpur</a> Bridge, road and rail bridge to connect existing rail and road heads at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siraiganj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siraiganj (page does not exist)">Siraiganj</a>-<a href="/wiki/Tangail" title="Tangail">Tangail</a> on either side of the river.</li> <li>Chandpur Bridge, rail and road bridge to connect Northeast India (<a href="/wiki/Aizawal" class="mw-redirect" title="Aizawal">Aizawal</a>-<a href="/wiki/Rikhawdar" title="Rikhawdar">Rikhawdar</a> in Mizoram & Udaipur in Tripura) to Bangladesh (<a href="/wiki/Cumilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumilla">Cumilla</a>-<a href="/wiki/Khulna" title="Khulna">Khulna</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Kolkatta" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolkatta">Kolkata</a>.</li> <li>Elisha-Lakshmipur Bridge, rail and road bridge to connect south Mizoram (<a href="/wiki/Lunglei" title="Lunglei">Lunglei</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Talabung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talabung (page does not exist)">Talabung</a>) and south Tripura <a href="/wiki/Sabroom" title="Sabroom">Sabroom</a> to Feni-<a href="/wiki/Barisal" title="Barisal">Barisal</a>-<a href="/wiki/Port_of_Mongla" title="Port of Mongla">Port of Mongla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Harbour" title="Diamond Harbour">Diamond Harbour</a>-<a href="/wiki/Haldia" title="Haldia">Haldia</a> ports.</li></ol> <ul><li>Bridges on Padma river</li></ul> <ol><li>Rajshahi bridge</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tibet_(China)"><span id="Tibet_.28China.29"></span>Tibet (China)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Tibet (China)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Brahmaputra_River" title="Special:EditPage/Brahmaputra River">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In course of last 64 years, since Tibet became part of China as an Autonomous region, at least 10 Bridges have been built on Brahmaputra River. Currently as per satellite imagery, only 4–5 bridges built on River Brahmaputra have been confirmed. These are as follows as per Google Map Satellite View:- </p> <ol><li>Ziajhulinzhen Bridge, Built in 2009–2012 at 4,350 metres (14,270 ft), this is the Second longest Bridge on Brahmaputra river.</li> <li>Nyingchi Bridge, built in 2014 to connect Nyingchi with Lhasa by railway, this bridge is 750 metres (2,460 ft) long.</li> <li>Lasahe Bridge, built over Lhasa River, this road bridge is 929 metres (3,048 ft) long.</li> <li>Shigatse Bridge, this 2,750 metres (9,020 ft) long bridge built over Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River to connect Lhasa with Shigatse by both road & Rail.</li> <li>Lhatse Bridge, this 2,250 metres (7,380 ft) long bridge built over Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River to connect Kailash-Mansarovar region with Lhasa by Road.</li> <li>Shannan Bridge, this 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) long bridge built over Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River to connect Lhasa with Nyingchi by road.</li> <li>Shangri Bridge, this 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) long bridge built over Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River to connect Lhasa with Nyingchi by road.</li> <li>3 more Bridges over Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River is in Tibet (China) Autonomous Region, but details are unknown.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_Waterway_2_in_India">National Waterway 2 in India</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: National Waterway 2 in India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/National_Waterway_2" title="National Waterway 2">National Waterway 2</a> (NW2) is 891 km long <a href="/wiki/Sadiya" title="Sadiya">Sadiya</a>-<a href="/wiki/Dhubri" title="Dhubri">Dhubri</a> stretch of Brahmaputra River in <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_depictions">Cultural depictions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Cultural depictions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Namami Brahmaputra Theme Song (in Hindi and Assamese) of <a href="/wiki/Namami_Brahmaputra" title="Namami Brahmaputra">Namami Brahmaputra</a> festival.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BrahMos_(missile)" class="mw-redirect" title="BrahMos (missile)">BrahMos (missile)</a> – A missile named partly after the Brahmaputra River</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmaputra-class_frigate" title="Brahmaputra-class frigate">Brahmaputra-class frigate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhola-Sadiya_bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhola-Sadiya bridge">Dhola-Sadiya bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Asia" title="List of rivers of Asia">List of rivers of Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Assam" title="List of rivers of Assam">List of rivers of Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Bangladesh" title="List of rivers of Bangladesh">List of rivers of Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_China" title="List of rivers of China">List of rivers of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_India" title="List of rivers of India">List of rivers of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_River_System" title="Peninsular River System">Peninsular River System</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-length-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-length_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The river is 3,969 km (2,466 mi) long according to the new findings, while previous documents showed its length varied from 2880 to 3364 km.<sup id="cite_ref-xinhua_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-xinhua-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YARLUNG_TSANGPO_(BRAHMAPUTRA_RIVER)_IN_TIBET_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://factsanddetails.com/china/cat15/sub100/entry-8346.html">"YARLUNG TSANGPO (BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER) IN TIBET"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=YARLUNG+TSANGPO+%28BRAHMAPUTRA+RIVER%29+IN+TIBET&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffactsanddetails.com%2Fchina%2Fcat15%2Fsub100%2Fentry-8346.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Flood_Inundation_Mapping_of_the_Sparsely_Gauged_Large-Scale_Brahmaputra_Basin_Using_Remote_Sensing_Products_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiswaMaurizioReyne2019" class="citation journal cs1">Biswa, Bhattacharya; Maurizio, Mazzoleni; Reyne, Ugay (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Frs11050501">"Flood Inundation Mapping of the Sparsely Gauged Large-Scale Brahmaputra Basin Using Remote Sensing Products"</a>. <i>Remote Sensing</i>. <b>11</b> (5): 501. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019RemS...11..501B">2019RemS...11..501B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Frs11050501">10.3390/rs11050501</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Flood+Inundation+Mapping+of+the+Sparsely+Gauged+Large-Scale+Brahmaputra+Basin+Using+Remote+Sensing+Products&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=501&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Frs11050501&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2019RemS...11..501B&rft.aulast=Biswa&rft.aufirst=Bhattacharya&rft.au=Maurizio%2C+Mazzoleni&rft.au=Reyne%2C+Ugay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3390%252Frs11050501&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-xinhua-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-xinhua_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-xinhua_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-xinhua_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160503062829/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-08/22/c_131067137.htm">"Scientists pinpoint sources of four major international rivers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Xinhua_News_Agency" title="Xinhua News Agency">Xinhua News Agency</a>. 22 August 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/china/2011-08/22/c_131067137.htm">the original</a> on 3 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Scientists+pinpoint+sources+of+four+major+international+rivers&rft.date=2011-08-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish2010%2Fchina%2F2011-08%2F22%2Fc_131067137.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ganga_(Ganges)-Brahmaputra_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riversnetwork.org/V1/index.php/component/content/?view=article&id=57&catid=219&Itemid=179">"Ganga (Ganges)-Brahmaputra"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ganga+%28Ganges%29-Brahmaputra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riversnetwork.org%2FV1%2Findex.php%2Fcomponent%2Fcontent%2F%3Fview%3Darticle%26id%3D57%26catid%3D219%26Itemid%3D179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.hu-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-books.google.hu_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebersik2010" class="citation book cs1">Webersik, Christian (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-nufdUc0Ps0C&pg=PA45"><i>Climate Change and Security: A Gathering Storm of Global Challenges</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-38007-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-38007-5"><bdi>978-0-313-38007-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220613202351/https://books.google.com/books?id=-nufdUc0Ps0C&pg=PA45">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Climate+Change+and+Security%3A+A+Gathering+Storm+of+Global+Challenges&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-313-38007-5&rft.aulast=Webersik&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-nufdUc0Ps0C%26pg%3DPA45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Climate_impact_emergence_and_flood_peak_synchronization_projections_in_the_Ganges,_Brahmaputra_and_Meghna_basins_under_CMIP5_and_CMIP6_scenarios-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Climate_impact_emergence_and_flood_peak_synchronization_projections_in_the_Ganges,_Brahmaputra_and_Meghna_basins_under_CMIP5_and_CMIP6_scenarios_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnneMichelChristophSaiful2022" class="citation journal cs1">Anne, Gädeke; Michel, Wortmann; Christoph, Menz; Saiful, Islam; Muhammad, Masood; Valentina, Krysanova; Stefan, Lange; Fred, Fokko Hattermann (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2Fac8ca1">"Climate impact emergence and flood peak synchronization projections in the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna basins under CMIP5 and CMIP6 scenarios"</a>. <i>Environmental Research Letters</i>. <b>17</b> (9). <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022ERL....17i4036G">2022ERL....17i4036G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1748-9326%2Fac8ca1">10.1088/1748-9326/ac8ca1</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Climate+impact+emergence+and+flood+peak+synchronization+projections+in+the+Ganges%2C+Brahmaputra+and+Meghna+basins+under+CMIP5+and+CMIP6+scenarios&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=9&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F1748-9326%2Fac8ca1&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2022ERL....17i4036G&rft.aulast=Anne&rft.aufirst=G%C3%A4deke&rft.au=Michel%2C+Wortmann&rft.au=Christoph%2C+Menz&rft.au=Saiful%2C+Islam&rft.au=Muhammad%2C+Masood&rft.au=Valentina%2C+Krysanova&rft.au=Stefan%2C+Lange&rft.au=Fred%2C+Fokko+Hattermann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1088%252F1748-9326%252Fac8ca1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannica-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-britannica_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannica_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannica_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Brahmaputra-River">"Brahmaputra River"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170130005707/https://www.britannica.com/place/Brahmaputra-River">Archived</a> from the original on 30 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Brahmaputra+River&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBrahmaputra-River&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eosnap.com/tag/brahmaputra-river/">"Brahmaputra River Flowing Down From Himalayas Towards Bay of Bengal"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111106133618/http://www.eosnap.com/tag/brahmaputra-river/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brahmaputra+River+Flowing+Down+From+Himalayas+Towards+Bay+of+Bengal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eosnap.com%2Ftag%2Fbrahmaputra-river%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBWR-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBWR_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinghSharmaOjha2004" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Vijay; Sharma, Nayan; Ojha, C. Shekhar P. (29 February 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HUXrVyUk0RAC"><i>The Brahmaputra Basin Water Resources</i></a>. Dordrecht: Springer. p. 120. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789048164813" title="Special:BookSources/9789048164813"><bdi>9789048164813</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210820081154/https://books.google.com/books?id=HUXrVyUk0RAC">Archived</a> from the original on 20 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brahmaputra+Basin+Water+Resources&rft.place=Dordrecht&rft.pages=120&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2004-02-29&rft.isbn=9789048164813&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Vijay&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Nayan&rft.au=Ojha%2C+C.+Shekhar+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHUXrVyUk0RAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090806192531/http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries/bangladesh/index.stm">"Water Resources of Bangladesh"</a>. <i>FAO</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/countries/bangladesh/index.stm">the original</a> on 6 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FAO&rft.atitle=Water+Resources+of+Bangladesh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fnr%2Fwater%2Faquastat%2Fcountries%2Fbangladesh%2Findex.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Catling1992-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Catling1992_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCatling1992" class="citation book cs1">Catling, David (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N5JxwKx1RAgC&pg=PA177"><i>Rice in deep water</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Rice_Research_Institute" title="International Rice Research Institute">International Rice Research Institute</a>. p. 177. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-971-22-0005-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-971-22-0005-2"><bdi>978-971-22-0005-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160514103756/https://books.google.com/books?id=N5JxwKx1RAgC&pg=PA177">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rice+in+deep+water&rft.pages=177&rft.pub=International+Rice+Research+Institute&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-971-22-0005-2&rft.aulast=Catling&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN5JxwKx1RAgC%26pg%3DPA177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGopal1990" class="citation book cs1">Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada"><i>India through the ages</i></a>. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/80">80</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India+through+the+ages&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Publication+Division%2C+Ministry+of+Information+and+Broadcasting%2C+Government+of+India&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Gopal&rft.aufirst=Madan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Findiathroughages00mada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes2015-03-30-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes2015-03-30_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Buckley2015" class="citation news cs1">Michael Buckley (30 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/31/opinion/the-price-of-damming-tibets-rivers.html">"The Price of Damming Tibet's Rivers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. p. A25. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331103802/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/31/opinion/the-price-of-damming-tibets-rivers.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2015</span>. <q>Two of the continent's wildest rivers have their sources in Tibet: the Salween and the Brahmaputra Though yes they are under threat from retreating glaciers, a more immediate concern is Chinese engineering plans. A cascade of five large dams is planned for both the Salween, which now flows freely, and the Brahmaputra, where one dam is already operational.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Price+of+Damming+Tibet%27s+Rivers&rft.pages=A25&rft.date=2015-03-30&rft.au=Michael+Buckley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F03%2F31%2Fopinion%2Fthe-price-of-damming-tibets-rivers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpson2023" class="citation journal cs1">Simpson, Thomas (25 October 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0026749X23000288/type/journal_article">"Find the river: Discovering the Tsangpo-Brahmaputra in the age of empire"</a>. <i>Modern Asian Studies</i>. <b>58</b>: 127–162. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0026749X23000288">10.1017/S0026749X23000288</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0026-749X">0026-749X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Find+the+river%3A+Discovering+the+Tsangpo-Brahmaputra+in+the+age+of+empire&rft.volume=58&rft.pages=127-162&rft.date=2023-10-25&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0026749X23000288&rft.issn=0026-749X&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fproduct%2Fidentifier%2FS0026749X23000288%2Ftype%2Fjournal_article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMajuli" class="citation web cs1">Majuli, River Island. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-river-island-">"Largest river island"</a>. <i>Guinness World Records</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160903033856/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-river-island-">Archived</a> from the original on 3 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guinness+World+Records&rft.atitle=Largest+river+island&rft.aulast=Majuli&rft.aufirst=River+Island&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fworld-records%2Flargest-river-island-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riversofindia.com/2022/03/brahmaputra-river-map-tributaries-flow.html">"Brahmaputra River – Map Tributaries Flow Bridges Tunnel"</a>. <i>Rivers Of India – All About Rivers</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220518171658/https://www.riversofindia.com/2022/03/brahmaputra-river-map-tributaries-flow.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rivers+Of+India+%E2%80%93+All+About+Rivers&rft.atitle=Brahmaputra+River+%E2%80%93+Map+Tributaries+Flow+Bridges+Tunnel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riversofindia.com%2F2022%2F03%2Fbrahmaputra-river-map-tributaries-flow.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SinghSharma2004-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SinghSharma2004_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinghSharmaC._ShekharP._Ojha2004" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Vijay P.; Sharma, Nayan; C. Shekhar; P. Ojha (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/springer_10.1007-978-94-017-0540-0"><i>The Brahmaputra Basin Water Resources</i></a>. Springer. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/springer_10.1007-978-94-017-0540-0/page/n125">113</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-1737-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-1737-7"><bdi>978-1-4020-1737-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brahmaputra+Basin+Water+Resources&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-1737-7&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Vijay+P.&rft.au=Sharma%2C+Nayan&rft.au=C.+Shekhar&rft.au=P.+Ojha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fspringer_10.1007-978-94-017-0540-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hydrological_Cycle_Volume_III-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hydrological_Cycle_Volume_III_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIgor_Alekseevich2009" class="citation book cs1">Igor Alekseevich, Shiklomanov (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UAmCCwAAQBAJ"><i>Hydrological Cycle Volume III</i></a>. EOLSS Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84826-026-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84826-026-9"><bdi>978-1-84826-026-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hydrological+Cycle+Volume+III&rft.pub=EOLSS+Publications&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-84826-026-9&rft.aulast=Igor+Alekseevich&rft.aufirst=Shiklomanov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUAmCCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-combinedsedimentload-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-combinedsedimentload_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GdKcAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA85"><i>The Geography of India: Sacred and Historic Places</i></a>. Britannica Educational Publishing. 2010. pp. 85–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61530-202-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61530-202-4"><bdi>978-1-61530-202-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180806053055/https://books.google.com/books?id=GdKcAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA85">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Geography+of+India%3A+Sacred+and+Historic+Places&rft.pages=85-&rft.pub=Britannica+Educational+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-61530-202-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGdKcAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-books.google.com-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuess1904" class="citation book cs1">Suess, Eduard (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/faceearthdasant00sollgoog"><i>The face of the earth: (Das antlitz der erde)</i></a>. Clarendon press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/faceearthdasant00sollgoog/page/n69">50</a>–<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+face+of+the+earth%3A+%28Das+antlitz+der+erde%29&rft.pages=50-&rft.pub=Clarendon+press&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=Suess&rft.aufirst=Eduard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffaceearthdasant00sollgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-link.springer.com-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-link.springer.com_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarmanBhattacharjya2015" class="citation journal cs1">Barman, Swapnali; Bhattacharjya, R. K. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40068-015-0043-0">"Change in snow cover area of Brahmaputra river basin and its sensitivity to temperature"</a>. <i>Environmental Systems Research</i>. <b>4</b>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs40068-015-0043-0">10.1186/s40068-015-0043-0</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Systems+Research&rft.atitle=Change+in+snow+cover+area+of+Brahmaputra+river+basin+and+its+sensitivity+to+temperature&rft.volume=4&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs40068-015-0043-0&rft.aulast=Barman&rft.aufirst=Swapnali&rft.au=Bhattacharjya%2C+R.+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1186%252Fs40068-015-0043-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Das, D.C. 2000. Agricultural Landuse and Productivity Pattern in Lower Brahmaputra valley (1970–71 and 1994–95). PhD Thesis, Department of Geography, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mipun, B.S. 1989. Impact of Migrants and Agricultural Changes in the Lower Brahmaputra Valley : A Case Study of Darrang District. Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Geography, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShrivastavaHeinen2005" class="citation journal cs1">Shrivastava, R.J.; Heinen, J.T. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=jea">"Migration and Home Gardens in the Brahmaputra Valley, Assam, India"</a>. <i>Journal of Ecological Anthropology</i>. <b>9</b>: 20–34. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5038%2F2162-4593.9.1.2">10.5038/2162-4593.9.1.2</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210420133934/https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=jea">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ecological+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Migration+and+Home+Gardens+in+the+Brahmaputra+Valley%2C+Assam%2C+India&rft.volume=9&rft.pages=20-34&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5038%2F2162-4593.9.1.2&rft.aulast=Shrivastava&rft.aufirst=R.J.&rft.au=Heinen%2C+J.T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarcommons.usf.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1055%26context%3Djea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-researchgate.net-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-researchgate.net_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilfellonSarmaGohain2003" class="citation journal cs1">Gilfellon, George; Sarma, Jogendra; Gohain, K. (August 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268404868">"Channel and Bed Morphology of a Part of the Brahmaputra River in Assam"</a>. <i>Journal of the Geological Society of India</i>. <b>62</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Geological+Society+of+India&rft.atitle=Channel+and+Bed+Morphology+of+a+Part+of+the+Brahmaputra+River+in+Assam&rft.volume=62&rft.date=2003-08&rft.aulast=Gilfellon&rft.aufirst=George&rft.au=Sarma%2C+Jogendra&rft.au=Gohain%2C+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F268404868&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/0601496727BB568AC1256F230033FBC5-lcg-bang-6oct.pdf">Monsoon Floods 2004: Post Flood Needs Assessment Summary Report</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bangladesh Disaster and Emergency Sub-Group (BDER)</i> (Report). Dhaka, Bangladesh. 2004. p. 23. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160321070102/http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/0601496727BB568AC1256F230033FBC5-lcg-bang-6oct.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 21 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Monsoon+Floods+2004%3A+Post+Flood+Needs+Assessment+Summary+Report&rft.place=Dhaka%2C+Bangladesh&rft.pages=23&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freliefweb.int%2Fsites%2Freliefweb.int%2Ffiles%2Fresources%2F0601496727BB568AC1256F230033FBC5-lcg-bang-6oct.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/china/China-operationalizes-biggest-dam-on-Brahmaputra-in-Tibet/articleshow/49335741.cms">"China operationalizes biggest dam on Brahmaputra in Tibet"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 13 October 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160422074545/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/china/China-operationalizes-biggest-dam-on-Brahmaputra-in-Tibet/articleshow/49335741.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 22 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=China+operationalizes+biggest+dam+on+Brahmaputra+in+Tibet&rft.date=2015-10-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fworld%2Fchina%2FChina-operationalizes-biggest-dam-on-Brahmaputra-in-Tibet%2Farticleshow%2F49335741.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSyedBright" class="citation book cs1">Syed, Dr. M.H; Bright, P.S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=reuQbFK9Rz4C"><i>Assam General Knowledge</i></a>. Bright Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788171994519" title="Special:BookSources/9788171994519"><bdi>9788171994519</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211008075845/https://books.google.com/books?id=reuQbFK9Rz4C">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Assam+General+Knowledge&rft.pub=Bright+Publications&rft.isbn=9788171994519&rft.aulast=Syed&rft.aufirst=Dr.+M.H&rft.au=Bright%2C+P.S&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DreuQbFK9Rz4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurnellYule2018" class="citation book cs1">Burnell, A. C.; Yule, Henry (24 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LMbADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA132"><i>Hobson-Jobson: Glossary of Colloquial Anglo-Indian Words And Phrases</i></a>. Routledge. p. 132. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-60332-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-60332-7"><bdi>978-1-136-60332-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211008075846/https://books.google.com/books?id=LMbADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA132">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Tibet+admits+to+Brahmaputra+project&rft.date=2010-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fnation%2FChina-admits-to-Brahmaputra-project%2Farticleshow%2F5842624.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asiasecurity.macfound.org/images/uploads/news_attachments/Kathmandu_Workshop_Report.pdf">MacArthur Foundation, Asian Security Initiative</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727051907/http://asiasecurity.macfound.org/images/uploads/news_attachments/Kathmandu_Workshop_Report.pdf">Archived</a> 27 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianexpress.com/news/chinese-dam-will-not-impact-flow-of-brahmaputra-krishna/609953/">"Chinese dam will not impact the flow of Brahmaputra: Krishna"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a></i>. 22 April 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100425062537/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/chinese-dam-will-not-impact-flow-of-brahmaputra-krishna/609953">Archived</a> from the original on 25 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Print&rft.atitle=Modi+govt+proposes+15.6-km+twin+road+tunnel+of+strategic+importance+under+Brahmaputra&rft.date=2021-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheprint.in%2Findia%2Fmodi-govt-proposes-15-6-km-twin-road-tunnel-of-strategic-importance-under-brahmaputra%2F731790%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2016/168716.pdf">"The National Waterways Act, 2016"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180516214245/http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2016/168716.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 16 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(22 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/celebrating-the-river/article17577045.ece">"Namami Brahmaputra"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220705191512/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/celebrating-the-river/article17577045.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 5 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Namami+Brahmaputra&rft.date=2017-03-22&rft.aulast=Borah&rft.aufirst=Prabalika+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmusic%2Fcelebrating-the-river%2Farticle17577045.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRahamanVaris2009" class="citation journal cs1">Rahaman, M. M.; Varis, O. (2009). "Integrated Water Management of the Brahmaputra Basin: Perspectives and Hope for Regional Development". <i>Natural Resources Forum</i>. <b>33</b> (1): 60–75. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1477-8947.2009.01209.x">10.1111/j.1477-8947.2009.01209.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Natural+Resources+Forum&rft.atitle=Integrated+Water+Management+of+the+Brahmaputra+Basin%3A+Perspectives+and+Hope+for+Regional+Development&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=60-75&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1477-8947.2009.01209.x&rft.aulast=Rahaman&rft.aufirst=M.+M.&rft.au=Varis%2C+O.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarma2005" class="citation journal cs1">Sarma, J N (2005). "Fluvial process and morphology of the Brahmaputra River in Assam, India". <i>Geomorphology</i>. <b>70</b> (3–4): 226–256. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Geomo..70..226S">2005Geomo..70..226S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2005.02.007">10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.02.007</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geomorphology&rft.atitle=Fluvial+process+and+morphology+of+the+Brahmaputra+River+in+Assam%2C+India&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.pages=226-256&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.geomorph.2005.02.007&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005Geomo..70..226S&rft.aulast=Sarma&rft.aufirst=J+N&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrahmaputra+River" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Ribhaba Bharali. The Brahmaputra River Restoration Project. Published in Assamese Pratidin, Amar Assam in October 2012.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ppl.nl/index.php?option=com_wrapper&view=wrapper&Itemid=82">Bibliography on Water Resources and International Law</a>. Peace Palace Library</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060509083056/http://dhemaji.nic.in/flood/rivers.htm">Rivers of Dhemaji and Dhakuakhana</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070311045950/http://www.southasianfloods.org/document/ffb/index.html">Background to Brahmaputra Flood Scenario</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onlinesivasagar.com/wildlife/brahmaputra.html">The Mighty Brahmaputra</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140731133055/http://www.assamportal.com/principal-rivers-in-assam/">Principal Rivers of Assam</a></li> <li>"The Brahmaputra", a detailed study of the river by renowned writer Arup Dutta. (Published by National Book Trust, New Delhi, India)</li> <li>Émilie Crémin. Entre mobilité et sédentarité : les Mising, "peuple du fleuve", face à l'endiguement du Brahmapoutre (Assam, Inde du Nord-Est). Milieux et Changements globaux. Université Paris 8 Vincennes Saint-Denis, 2014. Français. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01139754">https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01139754</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aksharnaad.com/2018/06/16/my-assam-trip-brahmaputra/">My Trip of Mighty Brahmaputra (in Gujarati)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brahmaputra_River&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Chenab_River" title="Chenab River">Chenab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marusudar_River" title="Marusudar River">Marusudar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawi_River" title="Tawi River">Tawi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhelum_River" title="Jhelum River">Jhelum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lidder_River" title="Lidder River">Lidder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neelum_River" title="Neelum River">Neelum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poonch_River" title="Poonch River">Poonch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sind_River" title="Sind River">Sind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_River" title="Ravi River">Ravi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyok_River" title="Shyok River">Shyok</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nubra_River" title="Nubra River">Nubra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suru_River_(Indus)" title="Suru River (Indus)">Suru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dras_River" title="Dras River">Dras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shingo_River" title="Shingo River">Shingo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yapola_River" title="Yapola River">Yapola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanskar_River" title="Zanskar River">Zanskar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Markha_River_(India)" title="Markha River (India)">Markha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsarap_River" title="Tsarap River">Tsarap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doda_River" title="Doda River">Doda</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brahmaputra" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmaputra">Brahmaputra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beki_River" title="Beki River">Beki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhogdoi_River" title="Bhogdoi River">Bhogdoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhansiri_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhansiri River">Dhansiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibang_River" title="Dibang River">Dibang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihing_River" title="Dihing River">Dihing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikhow_River" title="Dikhow River">Dikhow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kameng_River" title="Kameng River">Kameng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolong_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolong River">Kolong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopili_River" title="Kopili River">Kopili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lohit_River" title="Lohit River">Lohit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manas_River" title="Manas River">Manas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid%C4%81k_River" title="Raidāk River">Raidak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankosh_River" title="Sankosh River">Sankosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subansiri_River" title="Subansiri River">Subansiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teesta_River" title="Teesta River">Teesta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaknanda_River" title="Alaknanda River">Alaknanda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mandakini_River" title="Mandakini River">Mandakini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindar_River" title="Pindar River">Pindar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandakini" title="Nandakini">Nandakini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhauliganga_River" title="Dhauliganga River">Dhauliganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishiganga" title="Rishiganga">Rishiganga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atrai_River" title="Atrai River">Atrai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagmati_River" title="Bagmati River">Bagmati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagirathi_River" title="Bhagirathi River">Bhagirathi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhilangna_River" title="Bhilangna River">Bhilangna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahnavi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Jahnavi River">Jahanavi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhi_Gandak_River" title="Burhi Gandak River">Burhi Gandak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phalgu_River" title="Phalgu River">Phalgu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandaki_River" title="Gandaki River">Gandaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaghara" title="Ghaghara">Ghaghara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darma_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Darma River">Darma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gori_Ganga" title="Gori Ganga">Gori Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohni_River" title="Rohni River">Rohni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarju" title="Sarju">Sarju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharda_River" title="Sharda River">Sharda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Rapti_River" title="West Rapti River">West Rapti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomti_River" title="Gomti River">Gomti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathana" title="Kathana">Kathana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarayan_river" title="Sarayan river">Sarayan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooghly_River" title="Hooghly River">Hooghly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajay_River" title="Ajay River">Ajay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barakar_River" title="Barakar River">Barakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churni_River" title="Churni River">Churni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodar_River" title="Damodar River">Damodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarakeswar_River" title="Dwarakeswar River">Dwarakeswar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichamati_River" title="Ichamati River">Ichamati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadh_Ganga" title="Jadh Ganga">Jadh Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalangi_River" title="Jalangi River">Jalangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayurakshi_River" title="Mayurakshi River">Mayurakshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundeswari_River" title="Mundeswari River">Mundeswari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupnarayan_River" title="Rupnarayan River">Rupnarayan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosi_River" title="Kosi River">Kosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahananda_River" title="Mahananda River">Mahananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Meghna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barak_River" title="Barak River">Barak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakatia_River" title="Dakatia River">Dakatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhalai_River" title="Dhalai River">Dhalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feni_River" title="Feni River">Feni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumti_River_(Tripura)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gumti River (Tripura)">Gumti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiyara_River" title="Kushiyara River">Kushiyara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manu_River_(Tripura)" title="Manu River (Tripura)">Manu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Someshwari_River" title="Someshwari River">Someshwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titas_River" title="Titas River">Titas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuivai_River" title="Tuivai River">Tuivai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punarbhaba_River" title="Punarbhaba River">Punarbhaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramganga" title="Ramganga">Ramganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sone_River" title="Sone River">Sone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanat_River" title="Amanat River">Amanat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banas_River" title="Banas River">Banas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johilla_River" title="Johilla River">Johilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopad_River" title="Gopad River">Gopad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanhar_River" title="Kanhar River">Kanhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Koel_River" title="North Koel River">North Koel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rihand_River" title="Rihand River">Rihand</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahar_River" title="Ahar River">Ahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banas_River" title="Banas River">Banas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandi_River" title="Bandi River">Bandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berach_River" title="Berach River">Berach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betwa_River" title="Betwa River">Betwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhasan_River" title="Dhasan River">Dhasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambhir_River_(Rajasthan)" title="Gambhir River (Rajasthan)">Gambhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halali_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Halali River">Halali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindon_River" title="Hindon River">Hindon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Sindh_River" title="Kali Sindh River">Kali Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken River">Ken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuno_River" title="Kuno River">Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwari_River" title="Kwari River">Kwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morel_River" title="Morel River">Morel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parbati_River_(Madhya_Pradesh)" title="Parbati River (Madhya Pradesh)">Parbati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parbati_River_(Rajasthan)" title="Parbati River (Rajasthan)">Parbati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahuj_River" title="Pahuj River">Pahuj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipra_River" title="Shipra River">Shipra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_River" title="Sindh River">Sindh</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Godavari_River" title="Godavari River">Godavari</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darna_River" title="Darna River">Darna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indravati_River" title="Indravati River">Indravati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnerasani_River" title="Kinnerasani River">Kinnerasani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjira_River" title="Manjira River">Manjira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maner_River" title="Maner River">Maner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranhita_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Pranhita River">Pranhita</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanhan_River" title="Kanhan River">Kanhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolar_River_(Maharashtra)" title="Kolar River (Maharashtra)">Kolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulbehra_River" title="Kulbehra River">Kulbehra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nag_River" title="Nag River">Nag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painganga_River" title="Painganga River">Painganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pench_River" title="Pench River">Pench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wainganga_River" title="Wainganga River">Wainganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wardha_River" title="Wardha River">Wardha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravara_River" title="Pravara River">Pravara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purna_River_(tributary_of_Godavari)" title="Purna River (tributary of Godavari)">Purna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabari_River" title="Sabari River">Sabari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindphana_River" title="Sindphana River">Sindphana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliperu_River" title="Taliperu River">Taliperu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Krishna_River" title="Krishna River">Krishna</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrani_River" title="Agrani River">Agrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhima_River" title="Bhima River">Bhima</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bori_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Bori River">Bori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghod_River" title="Ghod River">Ghod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indrayani_River" title="Indrayani River">Indrayani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamini_River" title="Kamini River">Kamini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalika_River" title="Kundalika River">Kundali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mula_River_(India)" title="Mula River (India)">Mula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mula-Mutha_River" title="Mula-Mutha River">Mula-Mutha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutha_River" title="Mutha River">Mutha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nira_River" title="Nira River">Nira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavana_River" title="Pavana River">Pavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sina_River" title="Sina River">Sina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghataprabha_River" title="Ghataprabha River">Ghataprabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyna_River" title="Koyna River">Koyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaprabha_River" title="Malaprabha River">Malaprabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musi_River_(India)" title="Musi River (India)">Musi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venna_River" title="Venna River">Venna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warana_River" title="Warana River">Warana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchganga_River" title="Panchganga River">Panchganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungabhadra_River" title="Tungabhadra River">Tungabhadra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunga_River" title="Tunga River">Tunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadra_River" title="Bhadra River">Bhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedavathi_River" title="Vedavathi River">Vedavathi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varada" title="Varada">Varada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedganga_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedganga river">Vedganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venna_River" title="Venna River">Venna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerla_River" title="Yerla River">Yerla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Narmada_River" title="Narmada River">Narmada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barna_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Barna River">Barna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choral_River" title="Choral River">Choral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudhi_River" title="Dudhi River">Dudhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaveri_River_(Madhya_Pradesh)" title="Kaveri River (Madhya Pradesh)">Kaveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolar_River_(Madhya_Pradesh)" title="Kolar River (Madhya Pradesh)">Kolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsang" title="Orsang">Orsang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakkar_River" title="Shakkar River">Shakkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sher_River" title="Sher River">Sher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawa_River" title="Tawa River">Tawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mahanadi" title="Mahanadi">Mahanadi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhargavi_River" title="Bhargavi River">Bhargavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danta_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Danta River">Danta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devi_River" title="Devi River">Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasdeo_River" title="Hasdeo River">Hasdeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ib_River" title="Ib River">Ib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonk_River" title="Jonk River">Jonk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathajodi_River" title="Kathajodi River">Kathajodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuakhai_River" title="Kuakhai River">Kuakhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushabhadra_River" title="Kushabhadra River">Kushabhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mand_River" title="Mand River">Mand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ong_River" title="Ong River">Ong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pairi_River" title="Pairi River">Pairi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seonath_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Seonath River">Seonath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivnath_River" title="Shivnath River">Shivnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sondur_River" title="Sondur River">Sondur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surubalijora" title="Surubalijora">Surubalijora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_River" title="Tel River">Tel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telen_River" title="Telen River">Telen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kaveri" title="Kaveri">Kaveri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amaravati_River" title="Amaravati River">Amaravati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodavanar_River" title="Kodavanar River">Kodavanar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanganjiyar_River" title="Nanganjiyar River">Nanganjiyar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkavathi_River" title="Arkavathi River">Arkavathi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vrishabhavathi_River" title="Vrishabhavathi River">Vrishabhavathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumudvathi_River" title="Kumudvathi River">Kumudvathi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavani_River" title="Bhavani River">Bhavani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siruvani_River" title="Siruvani River">Siruvani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moyar_River" title="Moyar River">Moyar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemavati_River" title="Hemavati River">Hemavati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabini_River" title="Kabini River">Kabini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollidam_River" title="Kollidam River">Kollidam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmana_Tirtha" title="Lakshmana Tirtha">Lakshmana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noyyal_River" title="Noyyal River">Noyyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarabanga_River" title="Sarabanga River">Sarabanga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tapti_River" title="Tapti River">Tapti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arunavati_River" title="Arunavati River">Arunavati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girna_River" title="Girna River">Girna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomai_River" title="Gomai River">Gomai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panzara_River" title="Panzara River">Panzara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purna_River_(tributary_of_Tapti)" title="Purna River (tributary of Tapti)">Purna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morna_River" title="Morna River">Morna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaan_River" title="Vaan River">Vaan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Penna_River" title="Penna River">Penna</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheyyeru_River" title="Cheyyeru River">Cheyyeru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitravathi_River" title="Chitravathi River">Chitravathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundu_River" title="Kundu River">Kunderu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papagni_River" title="Papagni River">Papagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagileru" title="Sagileru">Sagileru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adyar_River" title="Adyar River">Adyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aghanashini_River" title="Aghanashini River">Aghanashini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baitarani_River" title="Baitarani River">Baitarani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharathappuzha" title="Bharathappuzha">Bharathappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmani_River" title="Brahmani River">Brahmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaliyar" title="Chaliyar">Chaliyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandragiri_River" title="Chandragiri River">Chandragiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooum_River" title="Cooum River">Cooum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahisar_River" title="Dahisar River">Dahisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daya_River" title="Daya River">Daya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangavalli_River" title="Gangavalli River">Gangavalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaggar-Hakra_River" title="Ghaggar-Hakra River">Ghaggar-Hakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_River_(Karnataka)" title="Kali River (Karnataka)">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangsabati_River" title="Kangsabati River">Kangsabati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Karo_River" title="North Karo River">North Karo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankh_River" title="Sankh River">Sankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Karo_River" title="South Karo River">South Karo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Koel_River" title="South Koel River">South Koel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koina_River" title="Koina River">Koina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumaradhara_River" title="Kumaradhara River">Kumaradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalika_River" title="Kundalika River">Kundalika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luni_River" title="Luni River">Luni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahi_River" title="Mahi River">Mahi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gomati_River_(Rajasthan)" title="Gomati River (Rajasthan)">Gomati, Rajasthan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithi_River" title="Mithi River">Mithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netravati_River" title="Netravati River">Netravati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshiwara_River" title="Oshiwara River">Oshiwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palar_River" title="Palar River">Palar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamba_River" title="Pamba River">Pamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patalganga_River" title="Patalganga River">Patalganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periyar_River" title="Periyar River">Periyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponnaiyar_River" title="Ponnaiyar River">Ponnaiyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabarmati_River" title="Sabarmati River">Sabarmati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sei_River" title="Sei River">Sei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakal_River" title="Wakal River">Wakal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savitri_River" title="Savitri River">Savitri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharavati" title="Sharavati">Sharavati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shastri_River" title="Shastri River">Shastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subarnarekha_River" title="Subarnarekha River">Subarnarekha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kharkai_River" title="Kharkai River">Kharkai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya_River_(India)" title="Surya River (India)">Surya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarnamukhi" title="Swarnamukhi">Swarnamukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swetha_River" title="Swetha River">Swetha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tansa_River" title="Tansa River">Tansa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terna_River" title="Terna River">Terna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamirabarani_River" title="Thamirabarani River">Thamirabarani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulhas_River" title="Ulhas River">Ulhas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaigai_River" title="Vaigai River">Vaigai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaippar_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaippar river">Vaippar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaitarna" title="Vaitarna">Vaitarna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vashishti_River" title="Vashishti River">Vashishti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasishta_Nadi" title="Vasishta Nadi">Vasishta Nadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellar_River_(Northern_Tamil_Nadu)" title="Vellar River (Northern Tamil Nadu)">Vellar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_India_by_discharge" title="List of rivers of India by discharge">List of rivers of India by discharge</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydrography_of_the_Indian_subcontinent" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Waters_of_South_Asia" title="Template:Waters of South Asia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Waters_of_South_Asia" title="Template talk:Waters of South Asia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Waters_of_South_Asia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Waters of South Asia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydrography_of_the_Indian_subcontinent" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Hydrography of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inland rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagmati_River" title="Bagmati River">Bagmati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beas_River" title="Beas River">Beas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betwa_River" title="Betwa River">Betwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagirathi_River" title="Bhagirathi River">Bhagirathi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brahmaputra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenab_River" title="Chenab River">Chenab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodar_River" title="Damodar River">Damodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godavari_River" title="Godavari River">Godavari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandaki_River" title="Gandaki River">Gandaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaghara_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaghara River">Ghaghara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhelum_River" title="Jhelum River">Jhelum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_River_(Karnataka)" title="Kali River (Karnataka)">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaveri_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaveri River">Kaveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosi_River" title="Kosi River">Kosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_River" title="Krishna River">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luni_River" title="Luni River">Luni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanadi" title="Mahanadi">Mahanadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahananda_River" title="Mahananda River">Mahananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahaweli_River" title="Mahaweli River">Mahaweli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Meghna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narmada_River" title="Narmada River">Narmada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_River" title="Ravi River">Ravi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarasvati_River" title="Sarasvati River">Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankosh_River" title="Sankosh River">Sankosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharda_River" title="Sharda River">Sharda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Son River">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapti_River" title="Tapti River">Tapti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inland lakes, deltas, etc.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Basin" title="Ganges Basin">Ganges Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_River_Delta" title="Indus River Delta">Indus Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dal_Lake" title="Dal Lake">Dal Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pookode_Lake" title="Pookode Lake">Pookode Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roopkund" title="Roopkund">Skeleton Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilika_Lake" title="Chilika Lake">Chilika Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powai_Lake" title="Powai Lake">Lake Powai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borith_Lake" title="Borith Lake">Borith Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saiful_Muluk" class="mw-redirect" title="Saiful Muluk">Saiful Muluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosaikunda" title="Gosaikunda">Gosaikunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizam_Sagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizam Sagar">Nizam Sagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hills_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Hills Lake">Red Hills Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malampuzha" title="Malampuzha">Malampuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_backwaters" title="Kerala backwaters">Kerala backwaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulicat_Lake" title="Pulicat Lake">Pulicat Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coastal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Kutch" title="Gulf of Kutch">Gulf of Kutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat" title="Gulf of Khambhat">Gulf of Khambhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mannar" title="Gulf of Mannar">Gulf of Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laccadive_Sea" title="Laccadive Sea">Laccadive Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palk_Bay" title="Palk Bay">Palk Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palk_Strait" title="Palk Strait">Palk Strait</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Lakes of Bangladesh">Lakes of Bangladesh</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_India" title="Category:Lakes of India">India</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Nepal" title="Category:Lakes of Nepal">Nepal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Pakistan" title="Category:Lakes of Pakistan">Pakistan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Lakes of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Reservoirs_in_India" title="Category:Reservoirs in India">Reservoirs and dams in India</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Reservoirs_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Reservoirs in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Rivers of Bangladesh">Rivers of Bangladesh</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Bhutan" title="Category:Rivers of Bhutan">Bhutan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_India" title="Category:Rivers of India">India</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Nepal" title="Category:Rivers of Nepal">Nepal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Pakistan" title="Category:Rivers of Pakistan">Pakistan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Rivers of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Hydrography_of_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Waters_of_India" title="Template:Waters of India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Waters_of_India" title="Template talk:Waters of India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Waters_of_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Waters of India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India_Hydrography_of_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Hydrography of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaknanda_River" title="Alaknanda River">Alaknanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beas_River" title="Beas River">Beas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betwa_River" title="Betwa River">Betwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagirathi_River" title="Bhagirathi River">Bhāgīrathī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatapuzha" class="mw-redirect" title="Bharatapuzha">Bharatapuzha</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brahmaputra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhi_Gandak_River" title="Burhi Gandak River">Burhi Gandak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenab_River" title="Chenab River">Chenab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilika_Lake" title="Chilika Lake">Chilika Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dal_Lake" title="Dal Lake">Dal Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodar_River" title="Damodar River">Damodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibang_River" title="Dibang River">Dibang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Basin" title="Ganges Basin">Ganges Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaghara_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaghara River">Ghaghara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godavari_River" title="Godavari River">Godavari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomti_River" title="Gomti River"> Gomti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooghly_River" title="Hooghly River">Hooghly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_Canal" title="Indira Gandhi Canal">Indira Gandhi Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_River_Delta" title="Indus River Delta">Indus Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_River_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus River Basin">Indus Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhelum_River" title="Jhelum River">Jhelum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_River_(Karnataka)" title="Kali River (Karnataka)">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaveri" title="Kaveri">Kaveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken River">Ken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_backwaters" title="Kerala backwaters">Kerala backwaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koshi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Koshi River">Koshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_River" title="Krishna River">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiyara_River" title="Kushiyara River">Kushiyara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luni_River" title="Luni River">Luni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanadi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahanadi River">Mahanadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malampuzha_River" title="Malampuzha River">Malampuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narmada_River" title="Narmada River">Narmada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizam_Sagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizam Sagar">Nizam Sagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamba_River" title="Pamba River">Pamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periyar_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Periyar (river)">Periyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pookode_Lake" title="Pookode Lake">Pookode Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powai_Lake" title="Powai Lake">Powai Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramganga" title="Ramganga">Ramganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_River" title="Ravi River">Ravi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hills_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Hills Lake">Red Hills Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roopkund" title="Roopkund">Roopkund (Skeleton Lake)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambhar_Salt_Lake" title="Sambhar Salt Lake">Sambhar Salt Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapt_Koshi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sapt Koshi">Sapt Koshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabarmati_River" title="Sabarmati River">Sabarmati River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarasvati_River" title="Sarasvati River">Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_River_(Uttarakhand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kali River (Uttarakhand)">Sharda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Someshwari_River" title="Someshwari River">Someshwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Son River">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamsa_River" title="Tamsa River">Tamsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapti_River" title="Tapti River">Tapti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tons_River" title="Tons River">Tons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaigai_River" title="Vaigai River">Vaigai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna">Yamuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coastal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat" title="Gulf of Khambhat">Gulf of Khambhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Kutch" title="Gulf of Kutch">Gulf of Kutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mannar" title="Gulf of Mannar">Gulf of Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laccadive_Sea" title="Laccadive Sea">Laccadive Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palk_Strait" title="Palk Strait">Palk Strait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilog_Pasig" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilog Pasig">Ilog Pasig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_India" title="Category:Lakes of India">Lakes of India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Reservoirs_and_dams_in_India&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Reservoirs and dams in India (page does not exist)">Reservoirs and dams in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_India" title="Category:Rivers of India">Rivers of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydrography_of_Northeast_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hydrography_of_Northeast_India" title="Template:Hydrography of Northeast India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hydrography_of_Northeast_India" title="Template talk:Hydrography of Northeast India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrography_of_Northeast_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrography of Northeast India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydrography_of_Northeast_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Hydrography of <a href="/wiki/Northeast_India" title="Northeast India">Northeast India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhogdoi_River" title="Bhogdoi River">Bhogdoi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Siang/Dihang/Brahmaputra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhansiri_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhansiri River">Dhansiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihing_River" title="Dihing River">Dihing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Diphlu" title="River Diphlu">Diphlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feni_River" title="Feni River">Feni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumti_River,_Tripura" class="mw-redirect" title="Gumti River, Tripura">Gumti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haora_River" title="Haora River">Haora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iril_River" title="Iril River">Iril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaladan_River" title="Kaladan River">Kaladan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kameng_River" title="Kameng River">Kameng or Jia Bhoreli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnaphuli_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Karnaphuli River">Karnaphuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khowai_River" title="Khowai River">Khowai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolong_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolong River">Kolong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopili_River" title="Kopili River">Kopili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lohit_River" title="Lohit River">Lohit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manas_River" title="Manas River">Manas</a>/ <a href="/wiki/Drangme_Chhu" class="mw-redirect" title="Drangme Chhu">Drangme Chhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manu_River,_Tripura" class="mw-redirect" title="Manu River, Tripura">Manu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mora_Dhansiri_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Mora Dhansiri River">Mora Dhansiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhuri_River" title="Muhuri River">Muhuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myntdu_River" title="Myntdu River">Myntdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Mora_Diphlu" title="River Mora Diphlu">Mora Diphlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankosh_River" title="Sankosh River">Sankosh or Puna Tsang Chhu </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Someshwari_River" title="Someshwari River">Simsang or Someshwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surma_River" title="Surma River">Surma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surma-Meghna_River_System" title="Surma-Meghna River System">Surma-Meghna River System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thega_River" title="Thega River">Thega River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirap_River" title="Tirap River">Tirap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranganadi_River" title="Ranganadi River">Ranganadi River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuni_River" title="Tuni River">Tuni River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipkai_River" title="Tipkai River">Tipkai River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnai_River" title="Krishnai River">Krishnai River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudhnoi_River" title="Dudhnoi River">Dudhnoi River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhanji_River" title="Jhanji River">Jhanji River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharalu_River" title="Bharalu River">Bharalu River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nona_River" title="Nona River">Nona River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgang_River" title="Borgang River">Borgang River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikrong_River" title="Dikrong River">Dikrong River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiadhal_River" title="Jiadhal River">Jiadhal River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champabati_River" title="Champabati River">Champabati River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aie_River" title="Aie River">Aie River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiri_River" title="Jiri River">Jiri River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulsi_River" title="Kulsi River">Kulsi River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabharu_River" title="Gabharu River">Gabharu River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatinga_River" title="Jatinga River">Jatinga River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikhow_River" title="Dikhow River">Dikhow River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagladiya_River" title="Pagladiya River">Pagladiya River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baralia_River" title="Baralia River">Baralia River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diju_River" title="Diju River">Diju River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamalasagar" title="Kamalasagar">Kamalasagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loktak_Lake" title="Loktak Lake">Loktak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umiam_Lake" title="Umiam Lake">Umiam Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward%27s_Lake_(Shillong)" title="Ward's Lake (Shillong)">Ward's Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Waterfalls</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Falls_(India)" title="Bishop Falls (India)">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynrem_Falls" title="Kynrem Falls">Kynrem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langshiang_Falls" title="Langshiang Falls">Langshiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nohkalikai_Falls" title="Nohkalikai Falls">Nohkalikai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nohsngithiang_Falls" title="Nohsngithiang Falls">Nohsngithiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vantawng_Falls" title="Vantawng Falls">Vantawng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhola%E2%80%93Sadiya_Bridge" title="Dhola–Sadiya Bridge">Bhupen Hazarika Setu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogibeel_Bridge" title="Bogibeel Bridge">Bogibeel Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibang_River_Bridge" title="Dibang River Bridge">Dibang River Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolia_Bhomora_Setu" title="Kolia Bhomora Setu">Kolia Bhomora Setu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naranarayan_Setu" title="Naranarayan Setu">Naranarayan Setu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Saraighat_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Saraighat Bridge">Saraighat Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Saraighat_Bridge" title="New Saraighat Bridge">New Saraighat Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Power projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jorethang_Loop_Hydroelectric_project" title="Jorethang Loop Hydroelectric project">Jorethang HEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopili_Hydro_Electric_Project" title="Kopili Hydro Electric Project">Kopili HEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangit_Dam" title="Rangit Dam">Rangit HEP</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fluvial islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Majuli" title="Majuli">Majuli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rivers_in_and_around_Bengal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rivers_in_and_around_Bengal" title="Template:Rivers in and around Bengal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rivers_in_and_around_Bengal" title="Template talk:Rivers in and around Bengal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers_in_and_around_Bengal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers in and around Bengal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rivers_in_and_around_Bengal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Rivers in and around <a href="/wiki/Bengal" title="Bengal">Bengal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeast <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakatia_River" title="Dakatia River">Dakatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halda_River" title="Halda River">Halda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnaphuli_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Karnaphuli River">Karnaphuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naf_River" title="Naf River">Naf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangu_River" title="Sangu River">Sangu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thega_River" title="Thega River">Thega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feni_River" title="Feni River">Feni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Meghalaya" title="Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barak_River" title="Barak River">Barak</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brahmaputra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhalai_River" title="Dhalai River">Dhalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feni_River" title="Feni River">Feni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juri_River" title="Juri River">Juri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangsha_River" title="Kangsha River">Kangsha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khawthlangtuipui_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Khawthlangtuipui River">Khawthlangtuipui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiyara_River" title="Kushiyara River">Kushiyara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longai_River" title="Longai River">Longai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manu_River,_Tripura" class="mw-redirect" title="Manu River, Tripura">Manu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Meghna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhuri_River" title="Muhuri River">Muhuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myntdu_River" title="Myntdu River">Myntdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Someshwari_River" title="Someshwari River">Someshwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surma_River" title="Surma River">Surma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surma-Meghna_River_System" title="Surma-Meghna River System">Surma-Meghna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titas_River" title="Titas River">Titas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Haora_River" title="Haora River">Haora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumti_River,_Tripura" class="mw-redirect" title="Gumti River, Tripura">Gumti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khowai_River" title="Khowai River">Khowai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Bangladesh<br /><a href="/wiki/North_Bengal" title="North Bengal">North Bengal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atrai_River" title="Atrai River">Atrai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balason_River" title="Balason River">Balason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangali_River" title="Bangali River">Bangali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baral_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Baral river">Baral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiri_River" title="Chiri River">Chiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharla_River" title="Dharla River">Dharla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhepa_River" title="Dhepa River">Dhepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaldhaka_River" title="Jaldhaka River">Jaldhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karatoya_River" title="Karatoya River">Karatoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karotoa_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Karotoa River">Karotoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazipur_River" title="Kazipur River">Kazipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khong_Khola" class="mw-redirect" title="Khong Khola">Khong Khola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahananda_River" title="Mahananda River">Mahananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechi_River" title="Mechi River">Mechi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagar_River_(Rajshahi)" title="Nagar River (Rajshahi)">Nagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punarbhaba_River" title="Punarbhaba River">Punarbhaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid%C4%81k_River" title="Raidāk River">Raidak or Wong Chhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangeet_River" title="Rangeet River">Rangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Jamuna_River" title="Small Jamuna River">Small Jamuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiba-Baranai-Gurnai_River" title="Shiba-Baranai-Gurnai River">Shiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sree_River" title="Sree River">Sree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangon_River" title="Tangon River">Tangon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teesta_River" title="Teesta River">Teesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torsa_River" title="Torsa River">Torsa/Machu/Amo Chhu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central Bangladesh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balu_River" title="Balu River">Balu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangshi_River" title="Bangshi River">Bangshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buriganga_River" title="Buriganga River">Buriganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiknai_River" title="Chiknai River">Chiknai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhaleshwari_River" title="Dhaleshwari River">Dhaleshwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanu_River" title="Dhanu River">Dhanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorai-Madhumati_River" title="Gorai-Madhumati River">Gorai-Madhumati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh)" title="Jamuna River (Bangladesh)">Jamuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinai_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinai River">Jinai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louhajang_River" title="Louhajang River">Louhajang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shitalakshya_River" title="Shitalakshya River">Shitalakhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turag_River" title="Turag River">Turag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rarh_region" title="Rarh region">Rarh region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajay_River" title="Ajay River">Ajay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakreshwar_River" title="Bakreshwar River">Bakreshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bansloi_River" title="Bansloi River">Bansloi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barakar_River" title="Barakar River">Barakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmani_River_(Birbhum)" title="Brahmani River (Birbhum)">Brahmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakatia_River" title="Dakatia River">Dakatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodar_River" title="Damodar River">Damodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarka_River" title="Dwarka River">Dwarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarakeswar_River" title="Dwarakeswar River">Dwarakeswar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandheswari_River" title="Gandheswari River">Gandheswari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haldi_River" title="Haldi River">Haldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinglo_River" title="Hinglo River">Hinglo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangsabati_River" title="Kangsabati River">Kangsabati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keleghai_River" title="Keleghai River">Keleghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopai_River" title="Kopai River">Kopai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosai_River" title="Kosai River">Kosai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumar_River" title="Kumar River">Kumar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunur_River" title="Kunur River">Kunur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayurakshi_River" title="Mayurakshi River">Mayurakshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundeswari_River" title="Mundeswari River">Mundeswari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasulpur_River" title="Rasulpur River">Rasulpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupnarayan_River" title="Rupnarayan River">Rupnarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sali_River_(West_Bengal)" title="Sali River (West Bengal)">Sali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilabati_River" title="Shilabati River">Shilabati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subarnarekha_River" title="Subarnarekha River">Subarnarekha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Bengal<br /><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Ganga" title="Adi Ganga">Adi Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anjana_River" title="Anjana River">Anjana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baleshwar_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Baleshwar River">Baleshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhairab_River" title="Bhairab River">Bhairab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhodra_River" title="Bhodra River">Bhodra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidyadhari_River" title="Bidyadhari River">Bidyadhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishkhali_River" title="Bishkhali River">Bishkhali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bura_Gauranga_River" title="Bura Gauranga River">Bura Gauranga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Churni" class="mw-redirect" title="River Churni">Churni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choita_river" title="Choita river">Choita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanshiri" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhanshiri">Dhanshiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garai_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Garai River">Garai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosaba_River" title="Gosaba River">Gosaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hariabhanga_River" title="Hariabhanga River">Hariabhanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooghly_River" title="Hooghly River"> Hooghly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichamati_River" title="Ichamati River">Ichamati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalangi_River" title="Jalangi River">Jalangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamuna_River_(West_Bengal)" title="Jamuna River (West Bengal)">Jamuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliganga_River" title="Kaliganga River">Kaliganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalindi_River" title="Kalindi River">Kalindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtankhola" title="Kirtankhola">Kirtankhola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopothakho_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kopothakho River">Kopothakho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makunda_River" title="Makunda River">Makunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathabhanga_River" title="Mathabhanga River">Mathabhanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matla_River" title="Matla River">Matla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muri_Ganga_River" title="Muri Ganga River">Muri Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabaganga_River" title="Nabaganga River">Nabaganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasur_River" title="Pasur River">Pasur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piyali_River" title="Piyali River">Piyali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raimangal_River" title="Raimangal River">Raimangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupsha_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Rupsha River">Rupsha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saptamukhi_River" title="Saptamukhi River">Saptamukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati_River_(West_Bengal)" title="Saraswati River (West Bengal)">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thakuran_River" title="Thakuran River">Thakuran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beel" title="Beel">Beel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_boats_in_Bangladesh" title="Country boats in Bangladesh">Country boats in Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalan_Beel" title="Chalan Beel">Chalan Beel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haor" title="Haor">Haor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Bangladesh" title="List of rivers of Bangladesh">List of rivers of Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_India" title="List of rivers of India">of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Waters_of_South_Asia" title="Template:Waters of South Asia">Waters of South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodar_Valley_Corporation" title="Damodar Valley Corporation">Damodar Valley Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_bank_erosion_along_the_Ganges_in_Malda_and_Murshidabad_districts" title="River bank erosion along the Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad districts">River bank erosion along the Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad districts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Dooars" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dooars" title="Template:Dooars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dooars" title="Template talk:Dooars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dooars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dooars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Dooars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Dooars" title="Dooars">Dooars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alipurduar" title="Alipurduar">Alipurduar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barpeta" title="Barpeta">Barpeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bindu_(village)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bindu (village)">Bindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binnaguri" title="Binnaguri">Binnaguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birpara" title="Birpara">Birpara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongaigaon" title="Bongaigaon">Bongaigaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buxa" title="Buxa">Buxa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalsa,_India" title="Chalsa, India">Chalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooch_Behar" title="Cooch Behar">Cooch Behar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhubri" title="Dhubri">Dhubri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gairkata" title="Gairkata">Gairkata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goalpara" title="Goalpara">Goalpara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasimara" title="Hasimara">Hasimara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalpaiguri" title="Jalpaiguri">Jalpaiguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayanti_(village)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jayanti (village)">Jayanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhalong" title="Jhalong">Jhalong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lataguri" class="mw-redirect" title="Lataguri">Lataguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madarihat" title="Madarihat">Madarihat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malbazar" title="Malbazar">Malbazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongpong" title="Mongpong">Mongpong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murti,_Jalpaiguri" title="Murti, Jalpaiguri">Murti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phuntsholing" title="Phuntsholing">Phuentsholing</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajabhatkhawa" title="Rajabhatkhawa">Rajabhatkhawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasikbil" title="Rasikbil">Rasikbeel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsing" title="Samsing">Samsing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevoke" title="Sevoke">Sevoke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siliguri" title="Siliguri">Siliguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suntalekhola" title="Suntalekhola">Suntalekhola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totopara" title="Totopara">Totopara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States and districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barpeta_district" title="Barpeta district">Barpeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongaigaon_district" title="Bongaigaon district">Bongaigaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhubri_district" title="Dhubri district">Dhubri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goalpara_district" title="Goalpara district">Goalpara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokrajhar_district" title="Kokrajhar district">Kokrajhar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="West bengal">West bengal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alipurduar_district" title="Alipurduar district">Alipurduar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooch_Behar_district" title="Cooch Behar district">Cooch Behar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darjeeling_district" title="Darjeeling district">Darjeeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalpaiguri_district" title="Jalpaiguri district">Jalpaiguri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brahmaputra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manas_River" title="Manas River">Manas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teesta_River" title="Teesta River">Teesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torsa_River" title="Torsa River">Torsha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankosh_River" title="Sankosh River">Sankosh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyna_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dyna River (page does not exist)">Dyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaldhaka_River" title="Jaldhaka River">Jaldhaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid%C4%81k_River" title="Raidāk River">Raidak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karatoya_River" title="Karatoya River">Karatoya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaljani_River" title="Kaljani River">Kaljani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jayanti,_Alipurduar" title="Jayanti, Alipurduar">Jayanti Hills</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peoples</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali people">Bengalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodo_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bodo people">Bodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurkha" title="Gurkha">Gurkha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koch_people" title="Koch people">Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lepcha_people" title="Lepcha people">Lepcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limbu_people" title="Limbu people">Limbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oraons" class="mw-redirect" title="Oraons">Oraons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munda_people" title="Munda people">Munda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharia_people" title="Kharia people">Kharia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahali" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahali">Mahali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mech_tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Mech tribe">Mech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lohar_(caste)" title="Lohar (caste)">Lohar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chik_Baraik" title="Chik Baraik">Chik Baraik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajbongshi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajbongshi people">Rajbongsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabha" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabha">Rabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toto_tribe" class="mw-redirect" title="Toto tribe">Toto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protected areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buxa_Tiger_Reserve" title="Buxa Tiger Reserve">Buxa Tiger Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorumara_National_Park" title="Gorumara National Park">Gorumara National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manas_National_Park" title="Manas National Park">Manas National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapramari_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary">Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaldapara_National_Park" title="Jaldapara National Park">Jaldapara National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahananda_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary">Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilapata_Forests" title="Chilapata Forests">Chilapata Forests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Airports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagdogra_Airport" title="Bagdogra Airport">Bagdogra Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooch_Behar_Airport" title="Cooch Behar Airport">Cooch Behar Airport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India-China_Border_Roads" class="mw-redirect" title="India-China Border Roads">India-China Border Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Frontier_Railway_zone" title="Northeast Frontier Railway zone">Northeast Frontier Railway zone</a></li> <li>State Transport Corporations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Bengal_State_Transport_Corporation" title="North Bengal State Transport Corporation">North Bengal </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam_State_Transport_Corporation" title="Assam State Transport Corporation">Assam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Borders_of_India" title="Borders of India">Borders of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Development_of_North_Eastern_Region" title="Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region">DONER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_India" title="Northeast India">Northeast India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Eastern_Council" title="North Eastern Council">North Eastern Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45403#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45403#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45403#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Brahmaputra (řeka)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge192260&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX459686">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007283974905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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