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id="toc-Location" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Location"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Location</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Location-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subdivisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subdivisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Subdivisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subdivisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon 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href="#Nazi_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Nazi era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nazi_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jewish_community_of_Coburg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jewish_community_of_Coburg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Jewish community of Coburg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jewish_community_of_Coburg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Post World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coat_of_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Coat of arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Attractions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Arts and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Arts and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Trivia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trivia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Trivia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trivia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Car" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Car"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.1</span> <span>Car</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Car-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Railways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.2</span> <span>Railways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.3</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_public_transport_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_public_transport_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.4</span> <span>Local public transport system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_public_transport_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Born_in_Coburg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Born_in_Coburg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Born in Coburg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Born_in_Coburg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Before_1900" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Before_1900"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1.1</span> <span>Before 1900</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Before_1900-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_1900" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_1900"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1.2</span> <span>After 1900</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_1900-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lived_at_Coburg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lived_at_Coburg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Lived at Coburg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lived_at_Coburg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Coburg</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA" title="كوبورغ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوبورغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koburq" title="Koburq – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Koburq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%82" title="کوبورق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوبورق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Кобург – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кобург" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Кобург – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кобург" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Кобург – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кобург" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg_(munisipyo)" title="Coburg (munisipyo) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Coburg (munisipyo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BA" title="Κόμπουργκ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κόμπουργκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburgo" title="Coburgo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Coburgo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="کوبورک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوبورک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobourg" title="Cobourg – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cobourg" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburgo" title="Coburgo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Coburgo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="코부르크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코부르크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Կոբուրգ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոբուրգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburgo" title="Coburgo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Coburgo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%92" title="קובורג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קובורג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Кобург – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кобург" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Кобург – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кобург" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburgum" title="Coburgum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Coburgum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koburga" title="Koburga – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Koburga" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koburgas" title="Koburgas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Koburgas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuburgh" title="Cuburgh – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cuburgh" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg_(Bajororsz%C3%A1g)" title="Coburg (Bajorország) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Coburg (Bajorország)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg_(stad)" title="Coburg (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Coburg (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF" title="コーブルク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コーブルク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="کوبرگ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کوبرگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburgo" title="Coburgo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Coburgo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Кобург – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кобург" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="کۆبوورگ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆبوورگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Кобург – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кобург" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Кобург – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кобург" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%84" title="โคบวร์ค – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โคบวร์ค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3_(%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE)" title="Кобург (місто) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кобург (місто)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg_(Bay%C3%A4n)" title="Coburg (Bayän) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Coburg (Bayän)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburg" title="Coburg – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Coburg" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%A0%A1" title="科堡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="科堡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%A0%A1" title="科堡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="科堡" data-language-autonym="中文" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Coburg&params=50_16_N_10_58_E_type:city(42139)_region:DE-BY"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°16′N</span> <span class="longitude">10°58′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.267°N 10.967°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.267; 10.967</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the town in Germany. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Coburg_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Coburg (disambiguation)">Coburg (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Bavaria, Germany</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org"><span class="wrap">Coburg </span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Town#Germany" title="Town">Town</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coburg-Moriz1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View over Coburg"><img alt="View over Coburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Coburg-Moriz1.jpg/250px-Coburg-Moriz1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Coburg-Moriz1.jpg/375px-Coburg-Moriz1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Coburg-Moriz1.jpg/500px-Coburg-Moriz1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1613" data-file-height="1534" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">View over Coburg</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Coburg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Coburg"><img alt="Flag of Coburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flagge_Coburg.svg/100px-Flagge_Coburg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flagge_Coburg.svg/150px-Flagge_Coburg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Flagge_Coburg.svg/200px-Flagge_Coburg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="802" data-file-height="481" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DEU_Coburg_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Coburg"><img alt="Coat of arms of Coburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/DEU_Coburg_COA.svg/74px-DEU_Coburg_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/DEU_Coburg_COA.svg/110px-DEU_Coburg_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/DEU_Coburg_COA.svg/147px-DEU_Coburg_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="433" data-file-height="471" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; height:5px;">Location of Coburg</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <div class="center" style="margin-top:1em"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_4e8a4217940f14d3ac97a034515f634f7af12612"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Coburg&revid=1272158989&groups=_4e8a4217940f14d3ac97a034515f634f7af12612" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Coburg&revid=1272158989&groups=_4e8a4217940f14d3ac97a034515f634f7af12612 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Germany_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coburg is located in Germany"><img alt="Coburg is located in Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1073" data-file-height="1272" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:61.177%;left:54.67%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Coburg"><img alt="Coburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><span class="wrap">Coburg </span></div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Germany</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bavaria_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coburg is located in Bavaria"><img alt="Coburg is located in Bavaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Bavaria_location_map.svg/250px-Bavaria_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Bavaria_location_map.svg/375px-Bavaria_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Bavaria_location_map.svg/500px-Bavaria_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="867" data-file-height="855" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:10.804%;left:40.058%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Coburg"><img alt="Coburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><span class="wrap">Coburg </span></div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Bavaria</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Coburg&params=50_16_N_10_58_E_type:city(42139)_region:DE-BY"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°16′N</span> <span class="longitude">10°58′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.267°N 10.967°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.267; 10.967</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regierungsbezirk" title="Regierungsbezirk">Admin. region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oberfranken_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oberfranken (region)">Oberfranken </a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Urban_districts_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban districts of Germany">Urban district</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lord_mayor" title="Lord mayor">Lord mayor</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2020–26) </span></th><td class="infobox-data">Dominik Sauerteig<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">48.30 km<sup>2</sup> (18.65 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">292 m (958 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2023-12-31)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">42,139</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">870/km<sup>2</sup> (2,300/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Germany" title="Time in Germany">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+02:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Germany" title="Postal codes in Germany">Postal codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">96450</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_dialling_codes_in_Germany" title="List of dialling codes in Germany">Dialling codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">09561</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Germany" title="Vehicle registration plates of Germany">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">CO</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.coburg.de/">www<wbr />.coburg<wbr />.de</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Coburg</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/ɜːr/: 'ur' in 'fur'">ɜːr</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">KOH</span>-burg</i></a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈkoːbʊʁk]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d6\/De-Coburg.ogg\/De-Coburg.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Coburg.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/De-Coburg.ogg/De-Coburg.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:De-Coburg.ogg" title="File:De-Coburg.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/Town#Germany" title="Town">town</a> located on the <a href="/wiki/Itz_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Itz (river)">Itz</a> river in the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Franconia" title="Upper Franconia">Upper Franconia</a> region of <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, Germany. Long part of one of the <a href="/wiki/Thuringian_states" title="Thuringian states">Thuringian states</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ernestine_duchies" title="Ernestine duchies">Wettin line</a>, it joined <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> by popular vote only in 1920. Until the revolution of 1918, it was one of the capitals of the <a href="/wiki/Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a>. </p><p>Through successful dynastic policies, the ruling princely family married into several of the royal families of Europe, most notably in the person of <a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Prince Albert</a>, who married <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> in 1840. As a result of these close links with the royal houses of Europe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Coburg was frequently visited by the crowned heads of Europe and their families. </p><p>Coburg is the location of <a href="/wiki/Veste_Coburg" title="Veste Coburg">Veste Coburg</a>, one of Germany's largest castles. </p><p>Today, Coburg's population is close to 41,500. Since it was little damaged in World War II, Coburg retains many historic buildings, making it a popular tourist destination. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Karte_Stadtgliederung_Coburg.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Karte_Stadtgliederung_Coburg.svg/350px-Karte_Stadtgliederung_Coburg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Karte_Stadtgliederung_Coburg.svg/525px-Karte_Stadtgliederung_Coburg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Karte_Stadtgliederung_Coburg.svg/700px-Karte_Stadtgliederung_Coburg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="527" data-file-height="365" /></a><figcaption>A map of Coburg</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Location">Location</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coburg lies about 90 kilometres (56 miles) south of <a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a> and about 100 kilometres (62 miles) north of <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a> on the river <a href="/wiki/Itz_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Itz (river)">Itz</a>. It is an <a href="/wiki/Urban_districts_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban districts of Germany">urban district</a> and is surrounded by the <i><a href="/wiki/Coburg_(district)" title="Coburg (district)">Landkreis Coburg</a></i>. Coburg lies at the foot of the <a href="/wiki/Thuringian_Highland" title="Thuringian Highland">Thuringian Highland</a>. Coburg, Bavaria was part of West Germany until reunification in 1990, but on three sides it borders <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a> which was East Germany. The border between Bavaria and Thuringia was also the <a href="/wiki/Inner_German_border" title="Inner German border">inner German border</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subdivisions">Subdivisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Subdivisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coburg is divided into 15 <i><a href="/wiki/Ortsteil" class="mw-redirect" title="Ortsteil">Stadtteile</a></i>: </p> <ul><li>Coburg (town proper)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beiersdorf_(Coburg)" title="Beiersdorf (Coburg)">Beiersdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertelsdorf_(Coburg)_and_Glend_(Coburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bertelsdorf (Coburg) and Glend (Coburg)">Bertelsdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortendorf_(Coburg)" title="Cortendorf (Coburg)">Cortendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creidlitz" title="Creidlitz">Creidlitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertelsdorf_(Coburg)_and_Glend_(Coburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bertelsdorf (Coburg) and Glend (Coburg)">Glend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketschendorf_(Coburg)" title="Ketschendorf (Coburg)">Ketschendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%BCtzelbuch_and_L%C3%B6belstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lützelbuch and Löbelstein (page does not exist)">Löbelstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%BCtzelbuch_and_L%C3%B6belstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lützelbuch and Löbelstein (page does not exist)">Lützelbuch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neu-_and_Neershof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neu- and Neershof (page does not exist)">Neu- and Neershof</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neuses_(Coburg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neuses (Coburg) (page does not exist)">Neuses</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuses_(Coburg)" class="extiw" title="de:Neuses (Coburg)">de</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B6gen_(Coburg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rögen (Coburg) (page does not exist)">Rögen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scheuerfeld_(Coburg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scheuerfeld (Coburg) (page does not exist)">Scheuerfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seidmansdorf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seidmansdorf (page does not exist)">Seidmansdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=W%C3%BCstenahorn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wüstenahorn (page does not exist)">Wüstenahorn</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="11th_century_to_16th_century">11th century to 16th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 11th century to 16th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_image_of_the_Coburg_Fortress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Aerial_image_of_the_Coburg_Fortress.jpg/300px-Aerial_image_of_the_Coburg_Fortress.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Aerial_image_of_the_Coburg_Fortress.jpg/450px-Aerial_image_of_the_Coburg_Fortress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Aerial_image_of_the_Coburg_Fortress.jpg/600px-Aerial_image_of_the_Coburg_Fortress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4600" data-file-height="2800" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Veste_Coburg" title="Veste Coburg">Veste Coburg</a> fortress</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coburg-Ehrenburg1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Coburg-Ehrenburg1.jpg/300px-Coburg-Ehrenburg1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Coburg-Ehrenburg1.jpg/450px-Coburg-Ehrenburg1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Coburg-Ehrenburg1.jpg/600px-Coburg-Ehrenburg1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2903" data-file-height="1163" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ehrenburg_Palace" title="Ehrenburg Palace">Ehrenburg Palace</a>, rebuilt after a catastrophic fire in 1690, received its <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic revival</a> exterior in the 19th century</figcaption></figure> <p>Coburg was first mentioned in a monastic document dated 1056, which marked the transfer of ownership to the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop-Electorate_of_Cologne" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop-Electorate of Cologne">Archbishop-Elector of Cologne</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 16">: 16 </span></sup> although there was a settlement at the site that predates it called <i>Trufalistat</i>. The origin of the name <i>Coburg</i> is unclear; the first element may be <i>kuh</i>, which would give a literal meaning of "cow borough".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Coburg" initially referred to a property centred on the hill where <a href="/wiki/Veste_Coburg" title="Veste Coburg">Veste Coburg</a> was later built. Its oldest remains date to the 12th or 13th century. In 1248, the castle came into possession of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Henneberg" title="House of Henneberg">House of Henneberg</a> and in 1353 it passed to the <a href="/wiki/Wettin_(dynasty)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wettin (dynasty)">House of Wettin</a><sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 16">: 16 </span></sup> with the marriage of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Landgrave_of_Thuringia" title="Frederick III, Landgrave of Thuringia">Frederick III</a> with <a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Henneberg" title="Catherine of Henneberg">Catherine of Henneberg</a> and was initially regarded by them as a <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxon</a> outpost within <a href="/wiki/Franconia" title="Franconia">Franconia</a>. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Augsburg" title="Diet of Augsburg">Diet of Augsburg</a> in 1530 reformer <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> spent six months at the castle (located at the southernmost point of the Saxon duchy) while his <a href="/wiki/Lehnsherr" class="mw-redirect" title="Lehnsherr">liege lord</a>, <a href="/wiki/John,_Elector_of_Saxony" title="John, Elector of Saxony">John, Elector of Saxony</a>, attended the Diet. Luther was forbidden to attend by the Elector, who feared that he would be imprisoned and burned as a heretic. While quartered at the castle Luther continued with his translation of the Bible into German. </p><p>In 1547, the princely residence was moved from the Veste to a former monastery, rebuilt as a <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance palace</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ehrenburg_Palace" title="Ehrenburg Palace">Ehrenburg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 16">: 16 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="17th_century_to_early_20th_century">17th century to early 20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 17th century to early 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1596, Coburg was raised to the status of capital of one of the dynasty's splintered <a href="/wiki/Thuringian_states" title="Thuringian states">Saxon-Thuringian</a> territories, the newly created <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxe-Coburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Saxe-Coburg">Duchy of Saxe-Coburg</a> under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/John_Casimir,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg" title="John Casimir, Duke of Saxe-Coburg">Duke John Casimir</a> (ruled 1596–1633). From 1699 to 1826, it was one of the two capitals of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a>, and from 1826 to 1918 it was a capital of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha">Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Frederick,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Ernest Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Ernest Frederick</a>, the fourth Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, moved his capital from <a href="/wiki/Saalfeld" title="Saalfeld">Saalfeld</a> to Coburg in 1764. Coburg then became capital of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a> and later of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a>. </p><p>In the early 19th century, the town's medieval fortifications were demolished and replaced by parks. <a href="/wiki/Francis,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">The duke</a> also started the collection of copperplate engravings that is today part of the Veste Coburg museum. Under his son, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_I,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Ernest</a>, the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schlossplatz_(Coburg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schlossplatz (Coburg) (page does not exist)">Schlossplatz</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlossplatz_(Coburg)" class="extiw" title="de:Schlossplatz (Coburg)">de</a>]</span></i> with what is today the <i><a href="/wiki/Landestheater_Coburg" title="Landestheater Coburg">Landestheater Coburg</a></i> was created. He also rebuilt the Ehrenburg in <a href="/wiki/Gothic_revival_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic revival architecture">Gothic revival style</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 17">: 17 </span></sup> </p><p>In the mid-19th century, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_II,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Duke Ernest II</a> supported national and liberal ideas and Coburg hosted the first meeting of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Association" title="German National Association">German National Association</a>, the founding of the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deutscher_S%C3%A4ngerbund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deutscher Sängerbund (page does not exist)">Deutscher Sängerbund</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutscher_S%C3%A4ngerbund" class="extiw" title="de:Deutscher Sängerbund">de</a>]</span></i> and the first <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deutsches_Turnfest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deutsches Turnfest (page does not exist)">Deutsches Turnfest</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsches_Turnfest" class="extiw" title="de:Deutsches Turnfest">de</a>]</span></i> (national sports festival).<sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 17">: 17 </span></sup> </p><p>During the 19th century, dynastic marriages created ties with the royal families of Belgium, Bulgaria, Portugal and Britain. This turned the ducal family from the rulers of a fairly obscure backwater duchy into one playing an influential role in European politics. The era of political influence peaked with <a href="/wiki/Leopold_I_of_Belgium" title="Leopold I of Belgium">Leopold Frederick</a>; born Prince of <a href="/wiki/Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a>, becoming the King of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Belgium">Belgium</a> in 1831 and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Schloss_Rosenau,_Coburg" title="Schloss Rosenau, Coburg">Schloss Rosenau</a>, marrying his first cousin, <a href="/wiki/Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria of the United Kingdom">Queen Victoria</a> in 1840. </p><p>The marriage between Albert and Victoria established the present British royal house, which renamed itself <a href="/wiki/House_of_Windsor" title="House of Windsor">Windsor</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. This marriage led to a union with Germany's ruling dynasty, the <a href="/wiki/Hohenzollerns" class="mw-redirect" title="Hohenzollerns">Hohenzollerns</a>, when the couple's eldest child, <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Princess_Royal_and_Empress_Frederick" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Princess Royal and Empress Frederick">Victoria</a>, married the future Kaiser <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_III,_German_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Friedrich III, German Emperor">Friedrich III</a>. </p><p> After her marriage, Queen Victoria said of Coburg: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>If I were not who I am, this would have been my real home, but I shall always consider it my second one.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Due to the royal connections among the royal houses of Europe, Coburg was the site of many royal Ducal weddings and visits. Britain's Queen Victoria made six visits to Coburg during her 63-year reign. In 1894 the wedding of <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Louis,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse" title="Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse">Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Princess_Victoria_Melita_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a> brought together <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a>, her son <a href="/wiki/Edward_VII_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward VII of the United Kingdom">Edward (future Edward VII)</a>, her second son <a href="/wiki/Alfred,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Alfred (Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha)</a>, her daughter the German <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Princess_Royal" title="Victoria, Princess Royal">Dowager Empress Friedrich (Victoria)</a>, and many of her grandchildren, such as future <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas II of Russia">Tsar Nicholas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Feodorovna_(Alix_of_Hesse)" title="Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse)">Alexandra of Russia</a> (Alix of Hesse), Kaiser <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm II, German Emperor">Wilhelm II</a> of Germany, and the future <a href="/wiki/George_V_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George V of the United Kingdom">King George V</a> of the United Kingdom. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coburgprint1small.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Coburgprint1small.jpg/280px-Coburgprint1small.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Coburgprint1small.jpg/420px-Coburgprint1small.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Coburgprint1small.jpg/560px-Coburgprint1small.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2399" /></a><figcaption>Old print image of Coburg, seen from the south</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VesteCoburgNight.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/VesteCoburgNight.jpg/280px-VesteCoburgNight.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/VesteCoburgNight.jpg/420px-VesteCoburgNight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/VesteCoburgNight.jpg/560px-VesteCoburgNight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Veste Coburg at night, 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>In November 1918, the last Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Charles Edward</a>, abdicated. The <i><a href="/wiki/Free_State_of_Coburg" title="Free State of Coburg">Freistaat Coburg</a></i> which now came into being had to decide whether to become part of <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>. In a November 1919 referendum, the locals voted to join <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a> with an 88% majority. On 1 July 1920, Coburg joined Bavaria.<sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 17">: 17 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nazi_era">Nazi era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Nazi era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1929, Coburg was the first German town in which the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a> won the absolute majority of the popular vote during municipal elections.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1932, Coburg was the first German town to make <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> an <a href="/wiki/Honorary_citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary citizen">honorary citizen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Zeit_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zeit-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jewish_community_of_Coburg">Jewish community of Coburg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Jewish community of Coburg"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coburg had Jewish citizens as early as the 14th century. In the 1870s they were granted permission to permanently lease the Church of St. Nicholas for conversion into a synagogue. In 1931 an unofficial boycott was imposed against Jewish businesses. In 1932 the municipal council abrogated the lease of St. Nicholas Church. In 1933 the synagogue was closed down. It still remains standing. On 25 March 1933, 40 Jews in Coburg were arrested and tortured. They were not released until the affair became internationally known.<sup id="cite_ref-jewishvirtuallibrary.org_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jewishvirtuallibrary.org-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 9 November 1938, <a href="/wiki/Kristallnacht" title="Kristallnacht">Kristallnacht</a>, all Jewish men were interned. Jewish homes, shops, and the school were destroyed. Coburg's Jewish community numbered 68 in 1869, 210 (1.3% of the total population) in 1880, 316 (1.3%) in 1925, and 233 (0.9%) in 1933. Around 150 managed to leave by 1942, either emigrating from Germany or moving to other German cities. The rest were deported to <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Izbica" title="Izbica">Izbica</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Theresienstadt_concentration_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Theresienstadt concentration camp">Theresienstadt</a> in three transports between November 1941 and September 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-jewishvirtuallibrary.org_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jewishvirtuallibrary.org-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The memorial book of the German Federal Archives for the victims of the Nazi persecution of Jews in Germany lists in particular 63 Jewish inhabitants of Coburg, who were deported and mostly murdered.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coburg's Jewish community was not reestablished after the war. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post_World_War_II">Post World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Post World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, which Coburg survived largely undamaged, the town faced the challenge of integrating over 15,000 <a href="/wiki/Flight_and_expulsion_of_Germans_(1944%E2%80%9350)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–50)">refugees</a>. While the other Saxon-Thuringian principalities were incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">German Democratic Republic</a>, Bavarian Coburg became part of <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>. As a result, the town spent the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> years lying right next to the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Curtain" title="Iron Curtain">Iron Curtain</a>, surrounded by East German territory on three sides and cut off from much of its natural <a href="/wiki/Hinterland" title="Hinterland">back country</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 17">: 17 </span></sup> </p><p>In 1946, Polish ambassador <a href="/wiki/Oskar_R._Lange" title="Oskar R. Lange">Oskar R. Lange</a> alleged that Coburg was a base for the <a href="/wiki/Western_Bloc" title="Western Bloc">Western Allies</a> to organize a Polish armed insurgency led by <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Anders" title="Władysław Anders">Władysław Anders</a> against the Soviet-backed communists in <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of Poland">Poland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Over two-thirds of Coburg's population live in the core town of Coburg rather than in one of the <i>Stadtteile</i> merged with it in the 20th century. Some of those retain a largely rural character.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most residents of Coburg are members of the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Church_in_Germany" title="Evangelical Church in Germany">Evangelical Church</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a>). Other Christian communities are <a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventists</a>, the <a href="/wiki/International_Christian_Fellowship" title="International Christian Fellowship">ICF Movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholics">Catholics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Catholics">Old Catholics</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_Apostolic_Church" title="New Apostolic Church">New Apostolic Church</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a>. There are also three communities of <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a>. Coburg had a large Jewish community until the 1940s. Jews had lived there since the 14th century. The old synagogue was a former church. Today it is used by <a href="/wiki/Old_Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Catholics">Old Catholics</a>. Coburg became Protestant after the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Reformation</a>. All Catholics were persecuted. A new Catholic community was founded in the 19th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coburg has an <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> (<i>Cfb</i> in the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>). </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Coburg (<a href="/wiki/Lautertal,_Bavaria" title="Lautertal, Bavaria">Lautertal</a>) (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1947–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8<br />(89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.5<br />(94.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.8<br />(100.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.8<br />(100.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.3<br />(90.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF1900; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.8<br />(100.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6<br />(36.7) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3<br />(39.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6<br />(58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.4<br />(38.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC081; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.6<br />(56.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(32.2) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(33.4) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(39.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.2<br />(39.6) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.5<br />(27.5) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.4<br />(27.7) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(32.5) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6<br />(51.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.4<br />(54.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5<br />(34.7) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.3<br />(29.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFDFC; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">4.7<br />(40.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #6B6BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−22.8<br />(−9.0) </td> <td style="background: #6161FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−24.6<br />(−12.3) </td> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.8<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.2<br />(15.4) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.9<br />(25.0) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.1<br />(31.8) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4<br />(34.5) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6<br />(36.7) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.8<br />(28.8) </td> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.3<br />(20.7) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−12.8<br />(9.0) </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−23.5<br />(−10.3) </td> <td style="background: #6161FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−24.6<br />(−12.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.0<br />(2.24) </td> <td style="background: #B6FFB6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.2<br />(1.74) </td> <td style="background: #BBFFBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.4<br />(1.79) </td> <td style="background: #C2FFC2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.4<br />(1.55) </td> <td style="background: #9DFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.2<br />(2.57) </td> <td style="background: #98FF98; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.5<br />(2.62) </td> <td style="background: #80FF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.9<br />(3.34) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.9<br />(2.28) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.2<br />(2.25) </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.4<br />(1.98) </td> <td style="background: #A9FFA9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.7<br />(2.19) </td> <td style="background: #9DFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.7<br />(2.59) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">681.0<br />(26.81) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #2525FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.6 </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.5 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.9 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.0 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.4 </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.8 </td> <td style="background: #4343FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.2 </td> <td style="background: #5C5CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.2 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.9 </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.4 </td> <td style="background: #1414FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">19.0 </td> <td style="background: #4242FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">179.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000B8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">85.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000C6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000DC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000F7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000F0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000EF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000F3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000C0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">83.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000B1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">87.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000B0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">87.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">77.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #565656; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47.3 </td> <td style="background: #8E8E8E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.1 </td> <td style="background: #B7B75B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">121.5 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">180.4 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">205.7 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">211.4 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">220.8 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">208.9 </td> <td style="background: #C6C600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">150.5 </td> <td style="background: #AEAE90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">102.4 </td> <td style="background: #545454; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44.6 </td> <td style="background: #444444; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.4 </td> <td style="background: #BDBD35; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,594.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a><sup id="cite_ref-WMO_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMO-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: DWD (extremes)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1919 <a href="/wiki/Max_Brose" title="Max Brose">Max Brose</a> and Ernst Jüngling established the metal works <i>Max Brose & Co.</i> to manufacture car parts. The company is still in operation today, as <i><a href="/wiki/Brose_Fahrzeugteile" title="Brose Fahrzeugteile">Brose Fahrzeugteile</a></i>. </p><p>In 1950, the <i>Haftpflicht-Unterstützungs-Kasse kraftfahrender Beamter Deutschlands a. G.</i> (today <a href="/w/index.php?title=HUK-Coburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HUK-Coburg (page does not exist)">HUK-Coburg</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/HUK-Coburg" class="extiw" title="de:HUK-Coburg">de</a>]</span>) relocated from <a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a> to Coburg. HUK is today the largest employer and largest payer of <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gewerbesteuer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gewerbesteuer (page does not exist)">Gewerbesteuer</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewerbesteuer_(Deutschland)" class="extiw" title="de:Gewerbesteuer (Deutschland)">de</a>]</span></i> (local corporate tax) in Coburg.<sup id="cite_ref-HUK_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HUK-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-InFR_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-InFR-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Kapp_Werkzeugmaschinen" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapp Werkzeugmaschinen">Kapp Werkzeugmaschinen</a></i> has been a manufacturer of gear-milling machines since 1953, after taking over the production assets of COMAG (Coburger Maschinenbau GmbH). </p><p>Waldrich-Coburg, founded in 1920, manufactures <a href="/wiki/Numerical_control" title="Numerical control">CNC-milling</a> machines in a range of sizes, the largest of which can handle an object of size 50 x 14 x 10 metres.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Founded in 1919, <a href="/wiki/Kaeser_Compressors" title="Kaeser Compressors">Kaeser Compressors</a> produces air compressors in various sizes. </p><p>Coburg has an above-average share of goods-producing employees. In 2013, out of 32,962 employees 10,421 worked in the manufacturing or construction sectors (31% vs. a national average of 24%), 4,853 in trade, transport and tourism, 10,381 in professional services and 7,230 in public and private services.<sup id="cite_ref-Stat_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 9">: 9 </span></sup> </p><p>Hotels in Coburg counted over 61,000 overnight visitors in 2014 (of which around 53,000 were from Germany). They stayed for a total of almost 120,000 nights, or close to two nights per stay on average.<sup id="cite_ref-Stat_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stat-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 15">: 15 </span></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> per inhabitant was €91,506 in Coburg, placing it 5th among the 96 urban and rural districts (Bavarian average: €46,698).<sup id="cite_ref-Stat2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stat2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Germany" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany">List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany</a></div> <p>Coburg is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cobourg" title="Cobourg">Cobourg</a>, Canada</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gais,_South_Tyrol" title="Gais, South Tyrol">Gais</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Wight" title="Isle of Wight">Isle of Wight</a>, England, United Kingdom</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Niort" title="Niort">Niort</a>, France</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Oudenaarde" title="Oudenaarde">Oudenaarde</a>, Belgium</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">Toledo</a>, United States</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Coat of arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:248px;max-width:248px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Coburg coat of arms</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DEU_Coburg_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coberg coat of arms showing a profile of patron Saint Maurice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/DEU_Coburg_COA.svg/120px-DEU_Coburg_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/DEU_Coburg_COA.svg/180px-DEU_Coburg_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/DEU_Coburg_COA.svg/240px-DEU_Coburg_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="433" data-file-height="471" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">From 1493: Profile of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Maurice" title="Saint Maurice">Saint Maurice</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wappen-Coburg-NS-Zeit_(neu).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coberg coat of arms showing vertical sword with swastika pommel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wappen-Coburg-NS-Zeit_%28neu%29.svg/120px-Wappen-Coburg-NS-Zeit_%28neu%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wappen-Coburg-NS-Zeit_%28neu%29.svg/180px-Wappen-Coburg-NS-Zeit_%28neu%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wappen-Coburg-NS-Zeit_%28neu%29.svg/240px-Wappen-Coburg-NS-Zeit_%28neu%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="338" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Nazi era: Sword with <a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">swastika</a> pommel</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Coburg's <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a>, honouring the town's German <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron</a> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Maurice" title="Saint Maurice">Saint Maurice</a>, was granted in 1493. In 1934, the Nazi government forbade any glorification of the African race, and they replaced the coat of arms with one depicting a vertical sword with a Nazi <a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">swastika</a> on the pommel.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original coat of arms was restored in 1945 at the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Today, the silhouette of the patron saint of the city of Coburg can be found mainly on manhole covers and the city coat of arms.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attractions">Attractions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Attractions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coburg has the typical features of a former capital of a German princely state. There are numerous houses from the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. The most important landmarks include: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coburg-St-Moriz-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coburg-St-Moriz-1.jpg/220px-Coburg-St-Moriz-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coburg-St-Moriz-1.jpg/330px-Coburg-St-Moriz-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coburg-St-Moriz-1.jpg/440px-Coburg-St-Moriz-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4409" data-file-height="2995" /></a><figcaption>Eastern choir of Morizkirche</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coburg-Casimirianum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coburg-Casimirianum.jpg/220px-Coburg-Casimirianum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coburg-Casimirianum.jpg/330px-Coburg-Casimirianum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Coburg-Casimirianum.jpg/440px-Coburg-Casimirianum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2050" data-file-height="2814" /></a><figcaption>Casimirianum</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coburg-Landestheater1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Coburg-Landestheater1.jpg/220px-Coburg-Landestheater1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Coburg-Landestheater1.jpg/330px-Coburg-Landestheater1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Coburg-Landestheater1.jpg/440px-Coburg-Landestheater1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3364" data-file-height="2242" /></a><figcaption><i>Schlossplatz</i> with <i>Landestheater</i> and <i>Palais Edinburgh</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coburg-Rathaus1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Coburg-Rathaus1.jpg/220px-Coburg-Rathaus1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Coburg-Rathaus1.jpg/330px-Coburg-Rathaus1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Coburg-Rathaus1.jpg/440px-Coburg-Rathaus1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3136" data-file-height="2192" /></a><figcaption>Town hall</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coburg-Stadthaus1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Coburg-Stadthaus1.jpg/220px-Coburg-Stadthaus1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Coburg-Stadthaus1.jpg/330px-Coburg-Stadthaus1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Coburg-Stadthaus1.jpg/440px-Coburg-Stadthaus1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3092" data-file-height="2226" /></a><figcaption><i>Stadthaus</i> (town house)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ehrenburg_Palace" title="Ehrenburg Palace">Ehrenburg</a>, a former Franciscan convent built in 1220 and turned into a palace in 1543–1549. It was repeatedly renovated until the 19th century. Ehrenburg was gutted by fire in 1690 and rebuilt in a Baroque style, with stucco work by North Italian craftsmen that includes a "Hall of the Giants" (which contains a plaque that states it was the location of the first meeting between Britain's <a href="/wiki/Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria of the United Kingdom">Queen Victoria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Franz_Josef_I_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Franz Josef I of Austria">Franz Josef</a> Emperor of Austria in 1860). The internal decoration dates from the late 17th to early 18th centuries. Its <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic Revival">Gothic Revival</a> exterior was remodelled by <a href="/wiki/Karl_Friedrich_Schinkel" title="Karl Friedrich Schinkel">Karl Friedrich Schinkel</a> in the 19th century. It now also houses a museum as well as a library.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Morizkirche_(Coburg)" title="Morizkirche (Coburg)">Stadtkirche St. Moriz</a></i> ("St. Maurice", 14th–16th centuries), is a <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> edifice on the <i><a href="/wiki/Hallenkirche" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallenkirche">Hallenkirche</a></i> plan with two towers. The interior, remade in the 18th century, include the notable funerary moment of <a href="/wiki/John_Casimir,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg" title="John Casimir, Duke of Saxe-Coburg">Duke Johann Casimir</a> for his parents, a 13 m-tall alabaster sculpture painted with statue and reliefs (1595–1598).</li> <li>The medieval <a href="/wiki/Veste_Coburg" title="Veste Coburg">Veste Coburg</a>, one of the biggest castles in Germany, built starting in 1225 (upon the site of an 11th-century chapel). It was mostly rebuilt in the 19th century. It has a triple line of walls with numerous towers. Today the Veste Coburg is home to three museums. One is the <i>Fürstenbau</i> (ducal palace), with many furnished rooms of the Dukes of Coburg, including the apartment where Martin Luther lived in 1530. Probably the most notable room in the castle (unique in all of Germany) is the <i>Jagdzimmer</i> (hunting room) of 1632, which is entirely made of marquetry wood inlay, done up with over 60 marquetry panels, deeply coffered marquetry ceilings and a wood paneled floor. Another museum is the <i>Rüstkammer</i> (armory), containing the largest collection of medieval armour and weaponry in Germany, with over 10,500 items. The third is the <i>Kunstsammlungen</i>, which contains a collection of 300,000 copperplate engravings (<i>Kupferstich-Kabinett</i>), a 20,000 piece coin collection (<i>Münzkabinett</i>), a 7,000 piece documentation collection (<i>Briefe & Urkunden</i>), and a 3,500 piece glassware collection (<i>Gläser-Sammlung</i>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casimirianum_Coburg" title="Casimirianum Coburg">Gymnasium Casimirianum</a>, a Renaissance building begun in 1601</li> <li>Arsenal (1616–21).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Landestheater_Coburg" title="Landestheater Coburg">Landestheater Coburg</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neoclassical</a> theatre on Schlossplatz, whose other landmarks include the Ehrenburg, the <i>Palais Edinburgh</i> (1865), the <i>Arkaden</i> (1840), <i>Reithalle</i> (1852) and <i>Marstall</i> (rebuilt in 1920).</li> <li>The Coburg Doll Museum is located near the Schlossplatz and the city centre. It was once the residence of the poet <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_R%C3%BCckert" title="Friedrich Rückert">Friedrich Rückert</a>. It houses over 1,000 dolls, including the grandmother of the world-famous "<a href="/wiki/Barbie" title="Barbie">Barbie</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naturkundemuseum_Coburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naturkundemuseum Coburg (page does not exist)">Natural history museum</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturkundemuseum_Coburg" class="extiw" title="de:Naturkundemuseum Coburg">de</a>]</span>.</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburger_Rathaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coburger Rathaus (page does not exist)">Coburger Rathaus</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coburger_Rathaus" class="extiw" title="de:Coburger Rathaus">de</a>]</span></i>, the town hall, part of the ensemble of structure on the market <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marktplatz_(Coburg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marktplatz (Coburg) (page does not exist)">market square</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marktplatz_(Coburg)" class="extiw" title="de:Marktplatz (Coburg)">de</a>]</span> that also includes the <i>Stadthaus</i> (see below), the former <i>Beyersches Haus</i>, the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hof-Apotheke_(Coburg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hof-Apotheke (Coburg) (page does not exist)">Hof-Apotheke</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hof-Apotheke_(Coburg)" class="extiw" title="de:Hof-Apotheke (Coburg)">de</a>]</span></i>, the <i>Stadtbrunnen</i> (fountain) and the central statue of Prince Albert. The seat of the public administration of Coburg was moved here in 1438. The original Gothic building proved to be too small and after 1570 the town bought additional properties and erected a Renaissance building at the corner with Ketschengasse. In another rebuilding in 1750-2 both structures were merged. The appearance of the town hall changed, only the round bay on the corner remained. The old roofs were replaced by the current garret roof and the colourful paintings were added to the façade in the 18th century. Another renovation took place in 1903, when the balcony to the market square was added and stairwell and entrance were redesigned.<sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 57–8">: 57–8 </span></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stadthaus_(Coburg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stadthaus (Coburg) (page does not exist)">Stadthaus</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadthaus_(Coburg)" class="extiw" title="de:Stadthaus (Coburg)">de</a>]</span></i>, a late Renaissance building from 1597 to 1599 built under Duke Johann Casimir to house the ducal administration. It occupies the complete northern side of the market square.<sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 66–7">: 66–7 </span></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Garden,_Coburg" title="Rose Garden, Coburg">Rose Garden</a>, park.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callenberg_Castle" title="Callenberg Castle">Callenberg Castle</a>, with Saxe-Coburg family art collection and National Shooting Museum.</li> <li><i>Schloss Rosenau</i> near Coburg.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Augustin,_Coburg" title="St. Augustin, Coburg">St. Augustin</a>, Catholic parish church opened in 1860.</li> <li>The Baroque <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Vierzehnheiligen" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilica of the Vierzehnheiligen">Basilica of the Vierzehnheiligen</a>, 20 kilometres (12 miles) outside the town.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fewoco.de/sehenswurdigkeiten-in-coburg/coburger-erker/">The Coburg Bay Windows</a>, a variant of the corner bay window, so called as it was only built in Coburg. It dates from the end of the 16th century and is characterized by three architectural features. These are a supporting pillar in front of the corner of the house, a two-story construction and the closure with a Welsche hood.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Arts and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coburg is home to two major festivals: <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samba-Festival_Coburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samba-Festival Coburg (page does not exist)">Samba-Festival Coburg</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samba-Festival_Coburg" class="extiw" title="de:Samba-Festival Coburg">de</a>]</span></i> and <i>Johann Strauss Musiktage</i>. Coburg is referred to as "Europe's Capital of Samba."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of the large presence of the US Army prior to German re-unification, Americans and American culture are still present in Coburg and the surrounding area. This influence ranges from American-style pubs and restaurants to two sports clubs sponsoring<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> baseball teams. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trivia">Trivia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Trivia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Trivia plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article contains a <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Trivia_sections" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Trivia sections">list of miscellaneous information</a>.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Handling_trivia#Recommendations_for_handling_trivia" title="Wikipedia:Handling trivia">relocate</a> any relevant information into other sections or articles.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Hot_Dog_and_Sausage_Council" title="National Hot Dog and Sausage Council">National Hot Dog and Sausage Council</a> asserts that <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> is traditionally credited with originating the <a href="/wiki/Hot_dog" title="Hot dog">frankfurter</a>. This is disputed by those who claim the hot dog was created in the late 17th century by Johann Georghehner, a butcher, living in Coburg.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A popular local delicacy is the Coburger <a href="/wiki/Bratwurst" title="Bratwurst">bratwurst</a>, a sausage (the official measure of which is denoted by the marshall's staff held by the statue of the town's patron, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Maurice" title="Saint Maurice">Sankt Mauritius</a>, located on the town hall and overlooking the square) roasted over a pine cone fire.<sup id="cite_ref-Guide_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guide-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 58">: 58 </span></sup> The sausage is served in a <a href="/wiki/Semmel" class="mw-redirect" title="Semmel">semmel</a> (a small bread bun, a third the size of the sausage itself), and is highly popular with locals and tourists alike. According to tradition, the Coburger bratwurst was first produced in 1530 on the occasion of a visit by <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Coburg_Peak" class="mw-redirect" title="Coburg Peak">Coburg Peak</a> on <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Peninsula" title="Trinity Peninsula">Trinity Peninsula</a> in <a href="/wiki/Graham_Land" title="Graham Land">Graham Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>, is named after the town, in connection with the Bulgarian <a href="/wiki/Royal_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal house">royal house</a> of Coburg (<a href="/wiki/Royal_House_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal House of Bulgaria">Saxe-Coburg-Gotha</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transport">Transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Car">Car</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Car"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Coburg can be reached by car via B 303 <a href="/wiki/Schweinfurt" title="Schweinfurt">Schweinfurt</a>-Coburg-Schirnding, B 4 <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>-Coburg-<a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_73" title="Bundesautobahn 73">motorway A 73</a> <a href="/wiki/Suhl" title="Suhl">Suhl</a>-Coburg-Nuremberg. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Railways">Railways</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Railways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Railway_stations_in_Coburg" title="Railway stations in Coburg">Railway stations in Coburg</a></div> <p>Coburg has four train stations: </p> <ul><li>Coburg-Neuses</li> <li>Coburg-Nord</li> <li>Coburg main station</li> <li>Coburg-Creidlitz</li></ul> <p>From the main station one can go to <a href="/wiki/Lichtenfels,_Bavaria" title="Lichtenfels, Bavaria">Lichtenfels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bamberg" title="Bamberg">Bamberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Forchheim_(Oberfranken)" class="mw-redirect" title="Forchheim (Oberfranken)">Forchheim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erlangen" title="Erlangen">Erlangen</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrth" title="Fürth">Fürth</a> and Nuremberg, to <a href="/wiki/Neustadt_bei_Coburg" title="Neustadt bei Coburg">Neustadt bei Coburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sonneberg" title="Sonneberg">Sonneberg</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Bad_Rodach" title="Bad Rodach">Bad Rodach</a> and to <a href="/wiki/Kulmbach" title="Kulmbach">Kulmbach</a>, Neuenmarkt-Wirsberg. Since December 2017, the Coburg station is served by <a href="/wiki/Intercity_Express" title="Intercity Express">Intercity Express</a> high speed trains of the Munich-Nuremberg-Coburg-Erfurt-Berlin(-Hamburg) line (<a href="/wiki/Nuremberg%E2%80%93Erfurt_high-speed_railway" title="Nuremberg–Erfurt high-speed railway">Nuremberg–Erfurt high-speed railway</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Airports">Airports</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Small planes can land on the two <a href="/wiki/Airfields" class="mw-redirect" title="Airfields">airfields</a>: </p> <ul><li>Coburg Brandensteinsebene (<a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">ICAO</a>-Code: EDQC, founded in 1912)</li> <li>Coburg Steinrücken (ICAO-Code: EDQY)</li></ul> <p>Large airports nearby are in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt International Airport">Frankfurt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erfurt_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Erfurt Airport">Erfurt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Airport" title="Nuremberg Airport">Nuremberg</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Local_public_transport_system">Local public transport system</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Local public transport system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The public transport system in Coburg is operated by SÜC (<i>Stadt- und Überlandwerke Coburg</i>) with 9 bus lines. The OVF (<i>Omnibus Verkehr Franken</i>) covers Coburg's surrounding countryside with an additional 11 bus lines. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.jpg/140px-Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.jpg/210px-Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.jpg/280px-Albert_of_Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="1066" /></a><figcaption>Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, May 1860</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Born_in_Coburg">Born in Coburg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Born in Coburg"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Before_1900">Before 1900</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Before 1900"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Charlotte_Wilhelmine_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Princess Charlotte Wilhelmine of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Princess Charlotte Wilhelmine of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a> (1685–1767), Princess and Countess of Hanau-Münzenberg</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Luise_Dorothea_of_Saxe-Meiningen" title="Princess Luise Dorothea of Saxe-Meiningen">Princess Luise Dorothea of Saxe-Meiningen</a> (1710–1767), Duchess of Saxony-Gotha and Altenburg</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Schweitzer" title="Anton Schweitzer">Anton Schweitzer</a> (1735–1787), composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Josias_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a> (1737–1815), Austrian field marshal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christian_August_Clarus" title="Johann Christian August Clarus">Johann Christian August Clarus</a> (1774–1854), physician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I_of_Belgium" title="Leopold I of Belgium">Leopold I of Belgium</a> (1790–1865), born to <a href="/wiki/Francis,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld" title="Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld">Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld</a>, first king of the Belgians</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gustav_K%C3%B6nig_(painter)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gustav König (painter) (page does not exist)">Gustav König</a> (1808–1869), painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert,_Prince_Consort" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert, Prince Consort">Prince Albert</a> (1819–1861), husband of Queen Victoria, was born in <a href="/wiki/Schloss_Rosenau,_Coburg" title="Schloss Rosenau, Coburg">Schloss Rosenau</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Frishmuth" title="William Frishmuth">William Frishmuth</a> (1830–1893), architect and metallurgist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Marlier" title="Ernst Marlier">Ernst Marlier</a> (1875–1948), German pharmaceutical manufacturer who built the Wannsee Villa, venue of the <a href="/wiki/Wannsee_Conference" title="Wannsee Conference">Wannsee Conference</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Mensdorff-Pouilly" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander von Mensdorff-Pouilly">Alexander von Mensdorff-Pouilly</a> (1813–1871), Austrian statesman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Mollwitz" title="Fritz Mollwitz">Fritz Mollwitz</a> (1890–1967), professional baseball player, was born here.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_II,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a> (1818–1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_R%C3%BCckert" title="Heinrich Rückert">Heinrich Rückert</a> (1823–1875), historian and Germanist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Draeseke" title="Felix Draeseke">Felix Draeseke</a> (1835–1913), composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Br%C3%BCckner_(artist)" title="Max Brückner (artist)">Max Brückner</a> (1836–1919), theater painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Amalie_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Princess Amalie of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Princess Amalie of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a> (1848–1894), Princess and Duchess in Bavaria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Fischer" title="Bernhard Fischer">Bernhard Fischer</a> (1852–1915), hygienist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Study" title="Eduard Study">Eduard Study</a> (1862–1930), mathematician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Ritter" title="Anna Ritter">Anna Ritter</a> (née Nuhn, 1865–1921), poet and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Appel" title="Otto Appel">Otto Appel</a> (1867–1952), phytomedicine doctor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_B._Eckstein" title="Anna B. Eckstein">Anna Bernhardine Eckstein</a> (1868–1947), champion of <a href="/wiki/World_peace" title="World peace">world peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Berger" title="Hans Berger">Hans Berger</a> (1873–1941), neurologist and psychiatrist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Alexandra_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Princess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a> (1878–1942), Princess of Great Britain and Ireland and a member of the House of Saxony-Coburg and the Gotha family and later by marriage Princess to Hohenlohe-Langenburg</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Oppenheim" title="Louis Oppenheim">Louis Oppenheim</a> (1879–1936), utility graphic artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Immler" title="Fred Immler">Fred Immler</a> (1880–1965), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward,_Duke_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a> (1884–1954), the last Duke of Saxony-Coburg and Gotha</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="After_1900">After 1900</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: After 1900"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yvonne_Desportes_1930.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Yvonne_Desportes_1930.jpg/150px-Yvonne_Desportes_1930.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Yvonne_Desportes_1930.jpg/225px-Yvonne_Desportes_1930.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Yvonne_Desportes_1930.jpg 2x" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption>Yvonne Desportes 1930</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Morgenthau" title="Hans Morgenthau">Hans Morgenthau</a> (1904–1980), jurist and political scientist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Eccarius" title="Kurt Eccarius">Kurt Eccarius</a> (1905-died after 1969), head of the detention area in Sachsenhausen concentration camp</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Kupfer" title="Ernst Kupfer">Ernst Kupfer</a> (1907–1944), fighter pilot in the Second World War</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yvonne_Desportes" title="Yvonne Desportes">Yvonne Desportes</a> (1907–1993), French composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Sibylla_of_Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha" title="Princess Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha">Princess Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha</a> (1908–1972), Princess of Sweden, married to hereditary prince <a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Adolf,_Duke_of_V%C3%A4sterbotten" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten">Gustav Adolf of Sweden</a> and mother of King <a href="/wiki/Carl_XVI_Gustav_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl XVI Gustav of Sweden">Carl XVI Gustav of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Wei%C3%9Fenborn" title="Günther Weißenborn">Günther Weißenborn</a> (1911–2001), pianist, composer and conductor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Ahnert-Rohlfs" title="Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs">Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs</a> (1912–1954), astronomer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Stammberger" title="Wolfgang Stammberger">Wolfgang Stammberger</a> (1920–1982), politician (FDP, SPD), Member of Bundestag, Federal Minister of Justice, Lord Mayor of Coburg</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Strecker" title="Heinrich Strecker">Heinrich Strecker</a> (1922–2013), composer of operettas and Viennese music</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Scheler" title="Werner Scheler">Werner Scheler</a> (1923-2018), physician and pharmacologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatunca_Nara" title="Tatunca Nara">Tatunca Nara</a> (born 1941), German-Brazilian impostor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Volk" title="Klaus Volk">Klaus Volk</a> (born 1944), lawyer and criminal lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus-Peter_G%C3%B6pfert" title="Klaus-Peter Göpfert">Klaus-Peter Göpfert</a> (born 1948), wrestler</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Stoschek" title="Michael Stoschek">Michael Stoschek</a> (born 1948/1949), businessman and entrepreneur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Janson" title="Klaus Janson">Klaus Janson</a> (born 1952), American comic artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_May_(actor)" title="Martin May (actor)">Martin May</a> (born 1961), actor, author and narrator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Friedmann" title="Bernd Friedmann">Bernd Friedmann</a> (born 1965), musician and producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Greiner" title="Frank Greiner">Frank Greiner</a> (born 1966), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Porwik" title="Claudia Porwik">Claudia Porwik</a> (born 1968), tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Hackethal" title="Andreas Hackethal">Andreas Hackethal</a> (born 1971), professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Stoschek" title="Julia Stoschek">Julia Stoschek</a> (born 1975), art collector</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cevat_Yerli" title="Cevat Yerli">Cevat Yerli</a> (born 1978), computer game developer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Forkel" title="Martin Forkel">Martin Forkel</a> (born 1979), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Wolf" title="Andreas Wolf">Andreas Wolf</a> (born 1990), handball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marius_Wolf" title="Marius Wolf">Marius Wolf</a> (born 1995), footballer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lived_at_Coburg">Lived at Coburg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Lived at Coburg"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baroness_Louise_Lehzen" class="mw-redirect" title="Baroness Louise Lehzen">Baroness Louise Lehzen</a> (1784–1870), governess and confidante of Queen Victoria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_von_Boetticher" title="Walter von Boetticher">Walter von Boetticher</a> (1853–1945), historian, genealogist and physician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Berger" title="Hans Berger">Hans Berger</a> (1873–1941), psychiatrist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss_II" title="Johann Strauss II">Johann Strauss</a>, he lived the last 13 years of his life in Coburg, and buried in Vienna</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> in 1922 led several hundred <a href="/wiki/Sturmabteilung" title="Sturmabteilung">stormtroopers</a> in a march through the city, fighting pitched street battles with communists. During the Nazi era, the <a href="/wiki/Coburg_Badge" title="Coburg Badge">Coburg Badge</a> (made to honor the participants) was one of the most prestigious party medals.</li> <li>Tsar Ferdinand I of Bulgaria (1861-1948), tsar of Bulgaria.</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statistik.bayern.de/wahlen/kommunalwahlen/bgm/">Liste der Oberbürgermeister in den kreisfreien Städten</a>, accessed 19 July 2021.</span> </li> <li 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Coburg<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=coburg.de&rft.atitle=St%C3%A4dtepartnerschaften&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.coburg.de%2Fstartseite%2F950Jahre%2FStaedtepartnerschaften.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoburg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLips1937" class="citation book cs1">Lips, Julius E. (1937). <i>The Savage Strikes Back</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stadtwappen%3A+Coburger+Mohr+%28Heiliger+Mauritius%29+%7C+Ferienwohnung+M%C3%BCller&rft.date=2021-01-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fewoco.de%2Fwissenswertes-coburg-umgebung%2Fcoburger-mohr-heiliger-mauritius-stadtwappen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoburg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fewoco.de/index.php/puppenmuseum-coburg">"Ferienwohnung Müller - Ihr Zuhause in Coburg - Puppenmuseum"</a>. <i>www.fewoco.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fewoco.de&rft.atitle=Ferienwohnung+M%C3%BCller+-+Ihr+Zuhause+in+Coburg+-+Puppenmuseum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fewoco.de%2Findex.php%2Fpuppenmuseum-coburg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoburg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060312191128/http://www.campusgermany.de/english/4.22.3.1479.html">DAAD – Studieren in Deutschland</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060211020325/http://www.sgroedental.de/Baseball/">"Archived copy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sgroedental.de/Baseball">the original</a> on 11 February 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sgroedental.de%2FBaseball&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoburg" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071030060504/http://www.hot-dog.org/hotdoghistory.html">National Hot Dog & Sausage Council</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fewoco.de/index.php/coburger-bratwurst">"Ferienwohnung Müller - Ihr Zuhause in Coburg - Coburger Bratwurst"</a>. <i>www.fewoco.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fewoco.de&rft.atitle=Ferienwohnung+M%C3%BCller+-+Ihr+Zuhause+in+Coburg+-+Coburger+Bratwurst&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fewoco.de%2Findex.php%2Fcoburger-bratwurst&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoburg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/scar/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=137158">Coburg Peak.</a> SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_M._Jeep2001" class="citation book cs1">John M. Jeep, ed. (2001). "Coburg". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p4uHav3mZLsC"><i>Medieval Germany: an Encyclopedia</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Garland_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Garland Publishing">Garland Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8240-7644-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8240-7644-3"><bdi>0-8240-7644-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Coburg&rft.btitle=Medieval+Germany%3A+an+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Garland+Publishing&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-8240-7644-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp4uHav3mZLsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACoburg" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coburg&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coburg" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Coburg">Coburg</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Coburg#Q14821" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Coburg">Coburg</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.coburg-tourist.com/">Coburg Tourist Board</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dg.ian.com/index.jsp?cid=10429&action=viewLocation&locationId=36489">World sites atlas</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071028161348/http://dg.ian.com/index.jsp?cid=10429&action=viewLocation&locationId=36489">Archived</a> 28 October 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sgvcoburg.de/">Schloss- und Gartenverwaltung Coburg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071110170403/http://stadt.coburg.de/politikverwaltung.asp?uid=320&mid=193&iid=694">Twin towns of Coburg</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Urban and rural districts in the <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Free State of Bavaria</a> in Germany</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Urban<br />districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amberg" title="Amberg">Amberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansbach" title="Ansbach">Ansbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aschaffenburg" title="Aschaffenburg">Aschaffenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamberg" title="Bamberg">Bamberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayreuth" title="Bayreuth">Bayreuth</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Coburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlangen" title="Erlangen">Erlangen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrth" title="Fürth">Fürth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hof,_Bavaria" title="Hof, Bavaria">Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingolstadt" title="Ingolstadt">Ingolstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaufbeuren" title="Kaufbeuren">Kaufbeuren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kempten" title="Kempten">Kempten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landshut" title="Landshut">Landshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memmingen" title="Memmingen">Memmingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">München (<i>Munich</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nürnberg (<i>Nuremberg</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passau" title="Passau">Passau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regensburg" title="Regensburg">Regensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosenheim" title="Rosenheim">Rosenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwabach" title="Schwabach">Schwabach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schweinfurt" title="Schweinfurt">Schweinfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straubing" title="Straubing">Straubing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weiden_in_der_Oberpfalz" title="Weiden in der Oberpfalz">Weiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Würzburg">Würzburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rural<br />districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aichach-Friedberg" title="Aichach-Friedberg">Aichach-Friedberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt%C3%B6tting_(district)" title="Altötting (district)">Altötting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amberg-Sulzbach" title="Amberg-Sulzbach">Amberg-Sulzbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansbach_(district)" title="Ansbach (district)">Ansbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aschaffenburg_(district)" title="Aschaffenburg (district)">Aschaffenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augsburg_(district)" title="Augsburg (district)">Augsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_Kissingen_(district)" title="Bad Kissingen (district)">Bad Kissingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bad_T%C3%B6lz-Wolfratshausen" title="Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen">Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamberg_(district)" title="Bamberg (district)">Bamberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayreuth_(district)" title="Bayreuth (district)">Bayreuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berchtesgadener_Land" title="Berchtesgadener Land">Berchtesgadener Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_(district)" title="Cham (district)">Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coburg_(district)" title="Coburg (district)">Coburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dachau_(district)" title="Dachau (district)">Dachau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deggendorf_(district)" title="Deggendorf (district)">Deggendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dillingen_(district)" title="Dillingen (district)">Dillingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dingolfing-Landau" title="Dingolfing-Landau">Dingolfing-Landau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donau-Ries" title="Donau-Ries">Donau-Ries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebersberg_(district)" title="Ebersberg (district)">Ebersberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eichst%C3%A4tt_(district)" title="Eichstätt (district)">Eichstätt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erding_(district)" title="Erding (district)">Erding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erlangen-H%C3%B6chstadt" title="Erlangen-Höchstadt">Erlangen-Höchstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forchheim_(district)" title="Forchheim (district)">Forchheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freising_(district)" title="Freising (district)">Freising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freyung-Grafenau" title="Freyung-Grafenau">Freyung-Grafenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrstenfeldbruck_(district)" title="Fürstenfeldbruck (district)">Fürstenfeldbruck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrth_(district)" title="Fürth (district)">Fürth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garmisch-Partenkirchen_(district)" title="Garmisch-Partenkirchen (district)">Garmisch-Partenkirchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnzburg_(district)" title="Günzburg (district)">Günzburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha%C3%9Fberge_(district)" title="Haßberge (district)">Haßberge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hof_(district)" title="Hof (district)">Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelheim_(district)" title="Kelheim (district)">Kelheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitzingen_(district)" title="Kitzingen (district)">Kitzingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronach_(district)" title="Kronach (district)">Kronach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulmbach_(district)" title="Kulmbach (district)">Kulmbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landsberg_(district)" title="Landsberg (district)">Landsberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landshut_(district)" title="Landshut (district)">Landshut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichtenfels_(district)" title="Lichtenfels (district)">Lichtenfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindau_(district)" title="Lindau (district)">Lindau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main-Spessart" title="Main-Spessart">Main-Spessart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miesbach_(district)" title="Miesbach (district)">Miesbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miltenberg_(district)" title="Miltenberg (district)">Miltenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BChldorf_(district)" title="Mühldorf (district)">Mühldorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich_(district)" title="Munich (district)">München (<i>Munich</i>)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuburg-Schrobenhausen" title="Neuburg-Schrobenhausen">Neuburg-Schrobenhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neumarkt_(district)" title="Neumarkt (district)">Neumarkt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neustadt_(Aisch)-Bad_Windsheim" title="Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim">Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neustadt_an_der_Waldnaab_(district)" title="Neustadt an der Waldnaab (district)">Neustadt an der Waldnaab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neu-Ulm_(district)" title="Neu-Ulm (district)">Neu-Ulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCrnberger_Land" title="Nürnberger Land">Nürnberger Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberallg%C3%A4u" title="Oberallgäu">Oberallgäu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostallg%C3%A4u" title="Ostallgäu">Ostallgäu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passau_(district)" title="Passau (district)">Passau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfaffenhofen_(district)" title="Pfaffenhofen (district)">Pfaffenhofen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regen_(district)" title="Regen (district)">Regen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regensburg_(district)" title="Regensburg (district)">Regensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%B6n-Grabfeld" title="Rhön-Grabfeld">Rhön-Grabfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosenheim_(district)" title="Rosenheim (district)">Rosenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roth_(district)" title="Roth (district)">Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rottal-Inn" title="Rottal-Inn">Rottal-Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwandorf_(district)" title="Schwandorf (district)">Schwandorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schweinfurt_(district)" title="Schweinfurt (district)">Schweinfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starnberg_(district)" title="Starnberg (district)">Starnberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straubing-Bogen" title="Straubing-Bogen">Straubing-Bogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirschenreuth_(district)" title="Tirschenreuth (district)">Tirschenreuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traunstein_(district)" title="Traunstein (district)">Traunstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unterallg%C3%A4u" title="Unterallgäu">Unterallgäu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weilheim-Schongau" title="Weilheim-Schongau">Weilheim-Schongau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei%C3%9Fenburg-Gunzenhausen" title="Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen">Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wunsiedel_(district)" title="Wunsiedel (district)">Wunsiedel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg_(district)" title="Würzburg (district)">Würzburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">Districts</a> of German states</b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Germany" title="List of districts of Germany">Full list</a>) <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Template:Germany districts Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Bavaria" title="Template:Germany districts Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Brandenburg" title="Template:Germany districts Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Bremen" title="Template:Germany districts Bremen">Bremen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Hesse" title="Template:Germany districts Hesse">Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Lower_Saxony" title="Template:Germany districts Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Districts_of_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Template:Districts of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="Template:Germany districts North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Template:Germany districts Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Saarland" title="Template:Germany districts Saarland">Saarland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Saxony" title="Template:Germany districts Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Saxony-Anhalt" title="Template:Germany districts Saxony-Anhalt">Saxony-Anhalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Template:Germany districts Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Thuringia" title="Template:Germany districts Thuringia">Thuringia</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14821#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1424" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14821#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1424" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14821#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4010325-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82037426">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Coburg (Německo)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge175642&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000298452&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007559734905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/c8b4ae14-795b-48b6-8e1e-539859081db3">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044896">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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