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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logga in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fler alternativ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personliga verktyg" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personliga verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Användarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv"><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skapa konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Fysikaliska_grunder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fysikaliska_grunder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Fysikaliska grunder</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fysikaliska_grunder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Växthusgaserna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Växthusgaserna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Växthusgaserna</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Växthusgaserna-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Växthusgaserna</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Växthusgaserna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vattenångans_inverkan_jämfört_med_koldioxid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vattenångans_inverkan_jämfört_med_koldioxid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Vattenångans inverkan jämfört med koldioxid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vattenångans_inverkan_jämfört_med_koldioxid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Växthuseffekten_på_andra_planeter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Växthuseffekten_på_andra_planeter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Växthuseffekten på andra planeter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Växthuseffekten_på_andra_planeter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källhänvisningar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källhänvisningar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Källhänvisningar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Källhänvisningar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Växthuseffekten</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 92 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kweekhuiseffek" title="Kweekhuiseffek – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kweekhuiseffek" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A" title="تأثير البيت الزجاجي – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تأثير البيت الزجاجي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efecto_hibernadero" title="Efecto hibernadero – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Efecto hibernadero" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B9_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B1" title="সেউজ গৃহ প্ৰভাৱ – assamesiska" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="সেউজ গৃহ প্ৰভাৱ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efeutu_ivernaderu" title="Efeutu ivernaderu – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Efeutu ivernaderu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stixana_effekti" title="İstixana effekti – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İstixana effekti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="গ্রিনহাউজ প্রতিক্রিয়া – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গ্রিনহাউজ প্রতিক্রিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Un-sek_h%C4%81u-%C3%A8ng" title="Un-sek hāu-èng – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Un-sek hāu-èng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Парніковы эфект – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Парніковы эфект" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5" title="ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Парников ефект – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Парников ефект" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efekt_staklenika" title="Efekt staklenika – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Efekt staklenika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efecte_d%27hivernacle" title="Efecte d'hivernacle – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Efecte d'hivernacle" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sklen%C3%ADkov%C3%BD_efekt" title="Skleníkový efekt – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Skleníkový efekt" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effaith_t%C5%B7_gwydr" title="Effaith tŷ gwydr – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Effaith tŷ gwydr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drivhuseffekt" title="Drivhuseffekt – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Drivhuseffekt" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="لحتيباس لحراري – marockansk arabiska" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لحتيباس لحراري" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marockansk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treibhauseffekt" title="Treibhauseffekt – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Treibhauseffekt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5" title="हरितगृह प्रभाव – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="हरितगृह प्रभाव" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasvuhooneefekt" title="Kasvuhooneefekt – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kasvuhooneefekt" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Φαινόμενο του θερμοκηπίου – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φαινόμενο του θερμοκηπίου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect" title="Greenhouse effect – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Greenhouse effect" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efecto_invernadero" title="Efecto invernadero – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Efecto invernadero" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forceja_efiko" title="Forceja efiko – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Forceja efiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berotegi-efektua" title="Berotegi-efektua – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Berotegi-efektua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1_%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="اثر گلخانه‌ای – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اثر گلخانه‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effet_de_serre" title="Effet de serre – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Effet de serre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iarmhairt_cheaptha_teasa" title="Iarmhairt cheaptha teasa – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iarmhairt cheaptha teasa" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buaidh_an_taigh-ghloine" title="Buaidh an taigh-ghloine – skotsk gäliska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Buaidh an taigh-ghloine" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gäliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efecto_invernadoiro" title="Efecto invernadoiro – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Efecto invernadoiro" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A8%EC%8B%A4_%ED%9A%A8%EA%B3%BC" title="온실 효과 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="온실 효과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A7%D6%86%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%BF" title="Ջերմոցային էֆեկտ – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջերմոցային էֆեկտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5" title="ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ग्रीनहाउस प्रभाव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C4%8Dinak_staklenika" title="Učinak staklenika – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Učinak staklenika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teplic-efekto" title="Teplic-efekto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Teplic-efekto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mmet%E1%BB%A5ta_okpom%E1%BB%8Dk%E1%BB%A5" title="Mmetụta okpomọkụ – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Mmetụta okpomọkụ" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efek_rumah_kaca" title="Efek rumah kaca – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Efek rumah kaca" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effecto_conservatorio" title="Effecto conservatorio – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Effecto conservatorio" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B3%C3%B0urh%C3%BAsa%C3%A1hrif" title="Gróðurhúsaáhrif – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gróðurhúsaáhrif" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effetto_serra" title="Effetto serra – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Effetto serra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A7%D7%98_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%94" title="אפקט החממה – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אפקט החממה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%86_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE" title="ಹಸಿರುಮನೆ ಪರಿಣಾಮ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಹಸಿರುಮನೆ ಪರಿಣಾಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="სათბურის ეფექტი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სათბურის ეფექტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%8D%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%96%D1%81%D1%96" title="Көшетхана эффектісі – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Көшетхана эффектісі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ef%C3%A8_t%C3%A8mik" title="Efè tèmik – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Efè tèmik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Парник эффектиси – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Парник эффектиси" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9C%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%9A%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B7%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%A7" title="ຜົນກະທົບເຮືອນແກ້ວ – laotiska" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຜົນກະທົບເຮືອນແກ້ວ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laotiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effectus_thermocepicus" title="Effectus thermocepicus – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Effectus thermocepicus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siltumn%C4%ABcas_efekts" title="Siltumnīcas efekts – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Siltumnīcas efekts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A4reneffekt" title="Zäreneffekt – luxemburgiska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Zäreneffekt" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0iltnamio_efektas" title="Šiltnamio efektas – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šiltnamio efektas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eff%C3%A8tt_s%C3%A8rra" title="Effètt sèrra – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Effètt sèrra" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cvegh%C3%A1zhat%C3%A1s" title="Üvegházhatás – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Üvegházhatás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ефект на стаклена градина – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ефект на стаклена градина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82" title="ഹരിതഗൃഹപ്രഭാവം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹരിതഗൃഹപ്രഭാവം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="हरितगृह परिणाम – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हरितगृह परिणाम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesan_rumah_hijau" title="Kesan rumah hijau – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kesan rumah hijau" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broeikaseffect" title="Broeikaseffect – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Broeikaseffect" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5" title="हरितगृह प्रभाव – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हरितगृह प्रभाव" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%AE%A4%E5%8A%B9%E6%9E%9C" title="温室効果 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="温室効果" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drivhuseffekt" title="Drivhuseffekt – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Drivhuseffekt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drivhuseffekt" title="Drivhuseffekt – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Drivhuseffekt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efi%C3%A8ch_de_s%C3%A8rra" title="Efièch de sèrra – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Efièch de sèrra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issiqxona_effekti" title="Issiqxona effekti – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Issiqxona effekti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B5" title="ਗ੍ਰੀਨਹਾਊਸ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗ੍ਰੀਨਹਾਊਸ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%86%DB%90_%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%86%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%BA%DB%90%D8%B2%D9%87" title="د شنې خونې اغېزه – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د شنې خونې اغېزه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efekt_cieplarniany" title="Efekt cieplarniany – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Efekt cieplarniany" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efeito_estufa" title="Efeito estufa – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Efeito estufa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efect_de_ser%C4%83" title="Efect de seră – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Efect de seră" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacha_q%27u%C3%B1ichiy" title="Pacha q'uñichiy – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Pacha q'uñichiy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Парниковый эффект – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Парниковый эффект" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efekti_serr%C3%AB" title="Efekti serrë – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Efekti serrë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%A0%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="හරිතාගාර ආචරණය – singalesiska" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හරිතාගාර ආචරණය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect" title="Greenhouse effect – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Greenhouse effect" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sklen%C3%ADkov%C3%BD_efekt" title="Skleníkový efekt – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Skleníkový efekt" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C4%8Dinek_tople_grede" title="Učinek tople grede – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Učinek tople grede" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efekat_staklene_ba%C5%A1te" title="Efekat staklene bašte – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Efekat staklene bašte" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efekt_staklenika" title="Efekt staklenika – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Efekt staklenika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasvihuoneilmi%C3%B6" title="Kasvihuoneilmiö – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kasvihuoneilmiö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epektong_greenhouse" title="Epektong greenhouse – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Epektong greenhouse" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81" title="பைங்குடில் விளைவு – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பைங்குடில் விளைவு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%82" title="గ్రీన్‌హౌస్ ప్రభావం – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గ్రీన్‌హౌస్ ప్రభావం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%81" title="ปรากฏการณ์เรือนกระจก – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปรากฏการณ์เรือนกระจก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D3%A3" title="Асари гулхонаӣ – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Асари гулхонаӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sera_etkisi" title="Sera etkisi – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sera etkisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Парниковий ефект – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Парниковий ефект" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%89%D9%83_%D8%A6%DB%90%D9%81%D9%81%DB%90%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%89" title="پارنىك ئېففېكتى – uiguriska" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="پارنىك ئېففېكتى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%E1%BB%87u_%E1%BB%A9ng_nh%C3%A0_k%C3%ADnh" title="Hiệu ứng nhà kính – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiệu ứng nhà kính" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%AE%A4%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="温室效应 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="温室效应" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%AE%A4%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="溫室效應 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="溫室效應" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesir%C3%AA_sera" title="Tesirê sera – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Tesirê sera" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%AE%A4%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="温室效应 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="温室效应" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41560#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xthuseffekten" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:V%C3%A4xthuseffekten" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants 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href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xthuseffekten"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/V%C3%A4xthuseffekten" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/V%C3%A4xthuseffekten" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&oldid=56108938" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&id=56108938&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FV%25C3%25A4xthuseffekten"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FV%25C3%25A4xthuseffekten"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Greenhouse_effect" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q41560" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><dl><dd><i>Denna artikel behandlar endast växthuseffekten som fysikaliskt fenomen. Att senare tiders <a href="/wiki/Klimatf%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndring" title="Klimatförändring">klimatförändringar</a> främst beror på människans utsläpp av växthusgaser behandlas i artikeln <a href="/wiki/Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning" title="Global uppvärmning">global uppvärmning</a>.</i></dd></dl> <p><b>Växthuseffekten</b> (eller <b>drivhuseffekten</b>) är den uppvärmning av jordytan som åstadkoms av <a href="/wiki/Jordens_atmosf%C3%A4r" title="Jordens atmosfär">jordens atmosfär</a>. Effekten beror på att en del av den värme som <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rmestr%C3%A5lning" title="Värmestrålning">strålar ut</a> från jordytan värmer upp luften i atmosfären i stället för att stråla ut i rymden. Jorden blir därigenom varmare än den skulle ha varit om den hade saknat atmosfär. I större eller mindre grad uppträder samma effekt också på andra planeter som är försedda med atmosfär. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:S%C3%A5_fungerar_v%C3%A4xthuseffekten.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/S%C3%A5_fungerar_v%C3%A4xthuseffekten.png/400px-S%C3%A5_fungerar_v%C3%A4xthuseffekten.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/S%C3%A5_fungerar_v%C3%A4xthuseffekten.png/600px-S%C3%A5_fungerar_v%C3%A4xthuseffekten.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/S%C3%A5_fungerar_v%C3%A4xthuseffekten.png/800px-S%C3%A5_fungerar_v%C3%A4xthuseffekten.png 2x" data-file-width="970" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>Utan atmosfär skulle det ha varit mycket kallt vid jordytan. I verkligheten blir temperaturen betydligt högre tack vare att luften innehåller gaser som fångar upp värmestrålningen från jordytan och återsänder den dit. Temperaturhöjningen förstärker värmestrålningen från ytan, men den mängd värmestrålning som slipper ut i rymden från jorden förblir oförändrad.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Energifl%C3%B6den_i_atmosf%C3%A4ren.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Energifl%C3%B6den_i_atmosf%C3%A4ren.png/400px-Energifl%C3%B6den_i_atmosf%C3%A4ren.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Energifl%C3%B6den_i_atmosf%C3%A4ren.png/600px-Energifl%C3%B6den_i_atmosf%C3%A4ren.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Energifl%C3%B6den_i_atmosf%C3%A4ren.png/800px-Energifl%C3%B6den_i_atmosf%C3%A4ren.png 2x" data-file-width="1570" data-file-height="1041" /></a><figcaption>En något mer fullständig översikt över energiflödena i jordatmosfären kan se ut som ovan. Här framgår att atmosfären tar emot energi inte bara genom att absorbera solljus och värmestrålning utan också via uppåtstigande luft som har värmts nära markytan. Också den energi som går åt när vatten avdunstar vid jordytan frigörs i atmosfären när vattenångan kondenseras i form av moln.</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:V%C3%A4xthusgasernas_inverkan_p%C3%A5_str%C3%A5lningen.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/V%C3%A4xthusgasernas_inverkan_p%C3%A5_str%C3%A5lningen.png/400px-V%C3%A4xthusgasernas_inverkan_p%C3%A5_str%C3%A5lningen.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="409" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/V%C3%A4xthusgasernas_inverkan_p%C3%A5_str%C3%A5lningen.png/600px-V%C3%A4xthusgasernas_inverkan_p%C3%A5_str%C3%A5lningen.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/V%C3%A4xthusgasernas_inverkan_p%C3%A5_str%C3%A5lningen.png/800px-V%C3%A4xthusgasernas_inverkan_p%C3%A5_str%C3%A5lningen.png 2x" data-file-width="1746" data-file-height="1786" /></a><figcaption>Solljuset utgörs till stor del av strålning på våglängder där jordens atmosfär är genomskinlig. För den långvågigare värmestrålningen från jordytan är atmosfären däremot bara delvis genomskinlig. Det mesta av värmestrålningen fångas upp av vattenånga, koldioxid och andra växthusgaser.</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fysikaliska_grunder">Fysikaliska grunder</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Fysikaliska grunder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Fysikaliska grunder"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gaserna i jordens atmosfär är relativt genomskinliga för ljuset från <a href="/wiki/Solen" title="Solen">solen</a>. Mycket av solljuset når därför ända ned till jordytan, där en del av det absorberas. Den <a href="/wiki/Energi" title="Energi">energi</a> som jordytan därigenom tar emot återutsänds mot rymden som <a href="/wiki/Infrar%C3%B6d_str%C3%A5lning" title="Infraröd strålning">infraröd strålning</a>, långvågigare än solljuset och osynlig för ögat. Luftens dominerande beståndsdelar, <a href="/wiki/Kv%C3%A4ve" title="Kväve">kvävgas</a> (N<sub>2</sub>) och <a href="/wiki/Syre" title="Syre">syrgas</a> (O<sub>2</sub>), är praktiskt taget genomskinliga även för sådan strålning. </p><p>I mindre kvantiteter innehåller atmosfären emellertid också gaser som absorberar infraröd strålning. Viktigast bland dessa så kallade <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xthusgas" title="Växthusgas">växthusgaser</a> är <a href="/wiki/Vatten%C3%A5nga" title="Vattenånga">vattenånga</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (H<sub>2</sub>O) och <a href="/wiki/Koldioxid" title="Koldioxid">koldioxid</a> (CO<sub>2</sub>).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Växthusgaserna absorberar det mesta av värmestrålningen från jordytan innan den hunnit ut i rymden. De strålar sedan ut den uppfångade strålningen igen, men inte bara vidare mot rymden utan åt alla håll, även nedåt. En betydande del av den värmestrålning som sänds ut från jordytan kommer på så sätt i retur. </p><p>Jordytan tar med andra ord emot strålningsenergi inte bara från solen utan också från luften (denna energi kommer dock också från solen ursprungligen). Den är därigenom mer än 30 <a href="/wiki/Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius">grader</a> varmare än den skulle ha varit om jorden inte haft någon atmosfär (eller om luften uteslutande hade bestått av gaser som inte absorberar infraröd strålning). Den globala medeltemperaturen vid jordytan, som i dag uppgår till nästan +15°, skulle utan växthuseffekten ha legat kring -19°. Under sådana omständigheter hade liv knappast varit möjligt på jorden.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Växthuseffekten på jorden är till största delen naturlig – atmosfären har innehållit växthusgaser så länge den funnits. Människan är emellertid på väg att förstärka växthuseffekten, främst genom utsläpp av koldioxid i samband med <a href="/wiki/Avskogning" title="Avskogning">avskogning</a> och användning av <a href="/wiki/Fossila_br%C3%A4nslen" title="Fossila bränslen">fossila bränslen</a>. Dessa utsläpp anses vara huvudorsak till senare decenniers <a href="/wiki/Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning" title="Global uppvärmning">globala uppvärmning</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – jordens medeltemperatur har sedan början av 1900-talet stigit med närmare 1,2 grader.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> När man i dagligt tal förklarar den pågående uppvärmningen som ”ett resultat av växthuseffekten” menar man alltså egentligen att den beror på en <a href="/wiki/Antropogen" title="Antropogen">antropogen</a> (av människan orsakad) förstärkning av den redan befintliga växthuseffekten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Atmosfärens förmåga att värma jordytan beskrevs första gången 1824 av den franske fysikern och matematikern <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Joseph_Fourier" title="Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier">Joseph Fourier</a>. År 1859 fann den irländske kemisten <a href="/wiki/John_Tyndall" title="John Tyndall">John Tyndall</a> att det är vattenånga och koldioxid som står för merparten av värmeabsorptionen i atmosfären. Dock hade Eunice Newton Foote, en kvinnlig forskare, redan 1856 genomfört forskning på omvandling av solljus till värme i olika gaser samt påtalat effekten.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Den svenske fysikern och kemisten <a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a> genomförde 1896 en första beräkning av hur människans utsläpp av koldioxid skulle kunna påverka temperaturen på jorden.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den amerikanske fysikern <a href="/wiki/Robert_Williams_Wood" title="Robert Williams Wood">Robert W. Wood</a> blev 1909 den förste som i tryck använde ordet ”växthus” i en beskrivning av atmosfärens inverkan på jordens <a href="/wiki/Temperatur" title="Temperatur">temperatur</a> (Fourier hade liknat atmosfären vid en glaskupa, medan Arrhenius hade använt benämningen ”drivbänk”). Wood framhöll emellertid att alla dessa liknelser egentligen är missvisande – att det blir varmt i glaskupor eller växthus som står i solen beror inte i första hand på att glaset hejdar värmestrålning utan på att det hindrar uppvärmd luft från att lämna utrymmet ifråga.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sedan ungefär ett halvsekel har man också med god noggrannhet kunnat beräkna växthuseffektens storlek, dvs. hur mycket de olika växthusgaserna inverkar på värmestrålningen i atmosfären. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Växthusgaserna"><span id="V.C3.A4xthusgaserna"></span>Växthusgaserna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Växthusgaserna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Växthusgaserna"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:left" cellpadding="10"> <tbody><tr> <th>Växthusgas<br />(eller motsvarande)</th> <th>Andel av totala växthuseffekten<br />på jorden (%)<sup id="cite_ref-NASA_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vatten%C3%A5nga" title="Vattenånga">Vattenånga</a></td> <td style="text-align:center">39–62 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moln" title="Moln">Moln</a></td> <td style="text-align:center">15–36 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Koldioxid" title="Koldioxid">Koldioxid</a></td> <td style="text-align:center">14–25 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ozon" title="Ozon">Ozon</a></td> <td style="text-align:center">2,7–5,7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dikv%C3%A4veoxid" class="mw-redirect" title="Dikväveoxid">Dikväveoxid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lustgas" title="Lustgas">lustgas</a>)</td> <td style="text-align:center">1,0–1,6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">Metan</a></td> <td style="text-align:center">0,7–1,6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Partiklar" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Partiklar">Partiklar</a></td> <td style="text-align:center">0,3–1,8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CFC" class="mw-redirect" title="CFC">CFC</a> (”<a href="/wiki/Freoner" class="mw-redirect" title="Freoner">freoner</a>”)</td> <td style="text-align:center">0,1–0,5 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Vattenångan står för grovt räknat hälften av den nutida växthuseffekten på jorden. Även molnen, det vill säga vatten i form av droppar eller iskristaller, har en påtaglig växthusverkan – de ger upphov till ungefär en fjärdedel av den totala växthuseffekten. </p><p>Tillsammans står således vattenånga och moln grovt räknat för mer än 75 % av växthuseffekten, medan koldioxiden svarar för uppåt 20 %. Övriga växthusgaser (främst <a href="/wiki/Ozon" title="Ozon">ozon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lustgas" title="Lustgas">lustgas</a> och <a href="/wiki/Metan" title="Metan">metan</a>) står tillsammans för ca 7 % av den nutida växthuseffekten.<sup id="cite_ref-NASA_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beroende på hur man räknar kan man dock komma fram till skilda resultat för de olika bidragen till den totala växthuseffekten. Att man kan räkna på olika sätt hänger samman med att växthusgasernas verkningar på värmestrålningen ofta överlappar varandra. Exempelvis fångar vattenånga delvis upp värmestrålning på samma våglängder som koldioxid. I stället för exakta procentandelar anger tabellen därför ett spann för varje enskilt bidrag till växthuseffekten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vattenångans_inverkan_jämfört_med_koldioxid"><span id="Vatten.C3.A5ngans_inverkan_j.C3.A4mf.C3.B6rt_med_koldioxid"></span>Vattenångans inverkan jämfört med koldioxid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Vattenångans inverkan jämfört med koldioxid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Vattenångans inverkan jämfört med koldioxid"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Spektroskopi" title="Spektroskopi">Spektroskopiskt</a> har vattenånga mycket större förmåga att absorbera infraröd strålning än vad koldioxid har, den finns dessutom i betydligt större mängd i atmosfären. Trots det spelar koldioxid en oproportionerligt stor roll för den <a href="/wiki/Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning" title="Global uppvärmning">globala uppvärmningen</a>. Det beror på att jordytan kyls av när vattenånga bildas genom <a href="/wiki/Avdunstning" title="Avdunstning">avdunstning</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vattnets_kretslopp" title="Vattnets kretslopp">Vattnets kretslopp</a> skapar därigenom en jämvikt mellan jordens temperatur och mängden vattenånga i atmosfären. När ytterligare en växthusgas, som till exempel koldioxid, tillförs ökar temperaturen något vilket i sin tur ökar avdunstningen och mängden vattenånga i <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A4r" title="Atmosfär">atmosfären</a>. Därigenom förstärker vattenångan koldioxidens växthuseffekt.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Växthuseffekten_på_andra_planeter"><span id="V.C3.A4xthuseffekten_p.C3.A5_andra_planeter"></span>Växthuseffekten på andra planeter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Växthuseffekten på andra planeter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Växthuseffekten på andra planeter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Atmosfären på planeten <a href="/wiki/Venus" title="Venus">Venus</a> är drygt 90 gånger tätare än jordens atmosfär och består nästan helt av koldioxid. Planeten ligger närmare solen än vad jorden gör, och det skulle därför ha varit ungefär 50 grader varmt där även om Venus saknat atmosfär, men växthuseffekten höjer temperaturen vid ytan med ytterligare drygt 400 grader. </p><p>Atmosfären på <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a> är bara en hundradel så tät som på jorden, men också den utgörs till största delen av koldioxid. Även på <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet)">Mars</a> uppträder därför en märkbar växthuseffekt – temperaturen vid ytan är ungefär 5 grader högre än den skulle ha varit om atmosfären inte funnits.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källhänvisningar"><span id="K.C3.A4llh.C3.A4nvisningar"></span>Källhänvisningar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källhänvisningar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källhänvisningar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Fridén, Christer (2007-05-15): <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.aspx?programid=83&artikel=1367693">"Vattenånga viktig för klimatprognoser".</a> sverigesradio.se. Läst 13 juni 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Mona Gidhagen & Svante Åberg: <i>Kemi direkt</i>, Stockholm 2012, <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/978-91-622-9762-6" title="Special:Bokkällor/978-91-622-9762-6">ISBN 978-91-622-9762-6</a>, sid 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFBernes2016">Bernes, Claes (2016) (pdf). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.naturvardsverket.se/publikationer/1300/en-varmare-varld--tredje-upplagan/">En varmare värld – Växthuseffekten och klimatets förändringar</a></i>. Monitor. "23" (Tredje upplagan). Stockholm: <a href="/wiki/Naturv%C3%A5rdsverket" title="Naturvårdsverket">Naturvårdsverket</a>. sid. 22–23. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/19936238">19936238</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/978-91-620-1300-4" title="Special:Bokkällor/978-91-620-1300-4">ISBN 978-91-620-1300-4</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.naturvardsverket.se/publikationer/1300/en-varmare-varld--tredje-upplagan/">https://www.naturvardsverket.se/publikationer/1300/en-varmare-varld--tredje-upplagan/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 3 december 2019</span></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=En+varmare+v%C3%A4rld+%E2%80%93+V%C3%A4xthuseffekten+och+klimatets+f%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndringar&rft.aulast=Bernes&rft.aufirst=Claes&rft.au=Bernes%2C+Claes&rft.date=2016&rft.series=Monitor&rft.volume=23&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B22%E2%80%9323&rft.edition=Tredje+upplagan&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=%5B%5BNaturv%C3%A5rdsverket%5D%5D&rft.isbn=978-91-620-1300-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.naturvardsverket.se%2Fpublikationer%2F1300%2Fen-varmare-varld--tredje-upplagan%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:V%C3%A4xthuseffekten"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Mona Gidhagen & Svante Åberg: <i>Kemi direkt</i>, Stockholm 2012, <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/978-91-622-9762-6" title="Special:Bokkällor/978-91-622-9762-6">ISBN 978-91-622-9762-6</a>, sid 51</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/">”Temperature Anomalies over Land and over Ocean”</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://climate.nasa.gov/">https://climate.nasa.gov/</a>. 2020<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/">https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 28 februari 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Temperature+Anomalies+over+Land+and+over+Ocean&rft.atitle=&rft.date=2020&rft.pub=https%3A%2F%2Fclimate.nasa.gov%2F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.giss.nasa.gov%2Fgistemp%2Fgraphs%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:V%C3%A4xthuseffekten"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <span class="reference-text"> <cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFEunice_Foote1857">Eunice Foote (1857). ”Circumstances Affecting the Heat of the Sun's Rays”. <i>American Journal of Science and Arts</i>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Circumstances+Affecting+the+Heat+of+the+Sun%27s+Rays&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Science+and+Arts&rft.aulast=Eunice+Foote&rft.au=Eunice+Foote&rft.date=1857&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:V%C3%A4xthuseffekten"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFS._Weart_(2007)">S. Weart (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161111201545/http://www.aip.org/history/climate/co2.htm">”The discovery of global warming”</a>. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aip.org/history/climate/co2.htm">originalet</a> den 11 november 2016<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161111201545/http://www.aip.org/history/climate/co2.htm">https://web.archive.org/web/20161111201545/http://www.aip.org/history/climate/co2.htm</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 5 januari 2011</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+discovery+of+global+warming&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=S.+Weart+%282007%29&rft.au=S.+Weart+%282007%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20161111201545%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.aip.org%2Fhistory%2Fclimate%2Fco2.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:V%C3%A4xthuseffekten"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Bernes (2016), sid. 56–57</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NASA-9">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-NASA_9-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NASA_9-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFG._A._Schmidt,_R._A._Ruedy,_R._L._Miller_och_A._A._Lacis_(2010)">G. A. Schmidt, R. A. Ruedy, R. L. Miller och A. A. Lacis (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111022111918/http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2010/2010_Schmidt_etal_1.pdf">”Attribution of the present‐day total greenhouse effect”</a>. <i><span>J. Geophys. Res., 115, D20106</span></i>. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2010/2010_Schmidt_etal_1.pdf">originalet</a> den 22 oktober 2011<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111022111918/http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2010/2010_Schmidt_etal_1.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20111022111918/http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2010/2010_Schmidt_etal_1.pdf</a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Attribution+of+the+present%E2%80%90day+total+greenhouse+effect&rft.atitle=J.+Geophys.+Res.%2C+115%2C+D20106&rft.aulast=G.+A.+Schmidt%2C+R.+A.+Ruedy%2C+R.+L.+Miller+och+A.+A.+Lacis+%282010%29&rft.au=G.+A.+Schmidt%2C+R.+A.+Ruedy%2C+R.+L.+Miller+och+A.+A.+Lacis+%282010%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20111022111918%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fpubs.giss.nasa.gov%2Fdocs%2F2010%2F2010_Schmidt_etal_1.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:V%C3%A4xthuseffekten"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFRussell2024">Russell, Randy (1 juni 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/climate/greenhouse_effect_gases.html">”The Greenhouse Effect & Greenhouse Gases”</a> (på engelska). Windows to the Universe<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/climate/greenhouse_effect_gases.html">http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/climate/greenhouse_effect_gases.html</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 23 mars 2012</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+Greenhouse+Effect+%26+Greenhouse+Gases&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Randy&rft.au=Russell%2C+Randy&rft.date=1+juni+2007&rft.pub=Windows+to+the+Universe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.windows2universe.org%2Fearth%2Fclimate%2Fgreenhouse_effect_gases.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:V%C3%A4xthuseffekten"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFBernesHolmgren2009">Bernes, Claes; Holmgren, Pär (2009). <i><span>Meteorologernas nya väderbok</span></i>. Stockholm: Medströms bokförlag. sid. 18. <a href="/wiki/Libris_(bibliotekskatalog)" title="Libris (bibliotekskatalog)">Libris</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libris.kb.se/bib/11456852">11456852</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/978-91-7329-021-0" title="Special:Bokkällor/978-91-7329-021-0">ISBN 978-91-7329-021-0</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Meteorologernas+nya+v%C3%A4derbok&rft.aulast=Bernes&rft.aufirst=Claes&rft.au=Bernes%2C+Claes&rft.au=Holmgren%2C+P%C3%A4r&rft.date=2009&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B18&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.pub=Medstr%C3%B6ms+bokf%C3%B6rlag&rft.isbn=978-91-7329-021-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:V%C3%A4xthuseffekten"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Stewart_Callendar" title="Guy Stewart Callendar">Guy Stewart Callendar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%A4xthuseffekten&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a 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style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning" title="Mall:Global uppvärmning"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning" title="Global uppvärmning">Global uppvärmning</a> och <a href="/wiki/Klimatf%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndring" title="Klimatförändring">klimatförändring</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"> </div><span style="font-size:100%;">Temperaturer</span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Effektiv_temperatur" title="Effektiv temperatur">Effektiv temperatur</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Historisk_klimatologi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historisk klimatologi [inte skriven än]">Historisk klimatologi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a 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style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Global_uppv%C3%A4rmning" title="Global uppvärmning">Antropogeniska</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Avskogning" title="Avskogning">Avskogning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Biobr%C3%A4nsle" title="Biobränsle">Biobränsle</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ekocid" title="Ekocid">Ekocid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flygtrafikens_milj%C3%B6p%C3%A5verkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flygtrafikens miljöpåverkan [inte skriven än]">Flyg</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Fossila_br%C3%A4nslen" title="Fossila bränslen">Fossila bränslen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Global_f%C3%B6rdunkling" title="Global fördunkling">Global fördunkling</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Global_Warming_Potential" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Warming Potential">Global Warming Potential</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jordens_str%C3%A5lningsbalans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jordens strålningsbalans [inte skriven än]">Jordens strålningsbalans</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Koldioxid" title="Koldioxid">Koldioxid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Koldioxid_i_jordens_atmosf%C3%A4r" title="Koldioxid i jordens atmosfär">Koldioxid i jordens atmosfär</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LULUCF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LULUCF [inte skriven än]">LULUCF</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Markn%C3%A4ra_ozon" title="Marknära ozon">Marknära ozon</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orsaker_till_global_uppv%C3%A4rmning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orsaker till global uppvärmning [inte skriven än]">Orsaker till global uppvärmning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Sot" title="Sot">Sot</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Str%C3%A5lningsdrivning" title="Strålningsdrivning">Strålningsdrivning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Växthuseffekten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infrar%C3%B6da_f%C3%B6nstret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Infraröda fönstret [inte skriven än]">Infraröda fönstret</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xthusgas" title="Växthusgas">Växthusgaser</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xthusgasutsl%C3%A4pp" title="Växthusgasutsläpp">Växthusgasutsläpp</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Halokarboner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halokarboner [inte skriven än]">Halokarboner</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Urban_v%C3%A4rme%C3%B6" title="Urban värmeö">Urban värmeö</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%96verbefolkning" title="Överbefolkning">Överbefolkning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%96verkonsumtion" title="Överkonsumtion">Överkonsumtion</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Milj%C3%B6_(omgivning)" title="Miljö (omgivning)">Naturliga</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Albedo" title="Albedo">Albedo</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bondh%C3%A4ndelser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bondhändelser [inte skriven än]">Bondhändelser</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%85terkopplingseffekt" class="mw-redirect" title="Återkopplingseffekt">Återkopplingseffekt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cloud_forcing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cloud forcing [inte skriven än]">Cloud forcing</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Glacial" title="Glacial">Glacial</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Global_nedkylning&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Global nedkylning [inte skriven än]">Global nedkylning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Kosmiska_partiklar" title="Kosmiska partiklar">Kosmiska partiklar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klimatoscillationer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klimatoscillationer [inte skriven än]">Klimatoscillationer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klimatk%C3%A4nslighet" title="Klimatkänslighet">Klimatkänslighet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Milankovi%C4%87-cykler" title="Milanković-cykler">Milanković-cykler</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbitala_variationer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbitala variationer [inte skriven än]">Orbitala variationer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Solfl%C3%A4ckscykeln" title="Solfläckscykeln">Solfläckscykeln</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Termohalin_cirkulation" title="Termohalin cirkulation">Termohalin cirkulation</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlantic_multidecadal_oscillation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atlantic multidecadal oscillation [inte skriven än]">AMO</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Ni%C3%B1o-Southern_Oscillation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Niño-Southern Oscillation [inte skriven än]">ENSO</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indian_Ocean_Dipole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indian Ocean Dipole [inte skriven än]">IOD</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pacific_decadal_oscillation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pacific decadal oscillation [inte skriven än]">PDO</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Vulkan" title="Vulkan">Vulkanism</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Klimatmodell" title="Klimatmodell">Modeller</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Global_klimatmodell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Global klimatmodell [inte skriven än]">Global klimatmodell</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"> </div><span style="font-size:100%;">Historia</span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atmosf%C3%A4risk_termodynamik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atmosfärisk termodynamik [inte skriven än]">Atmosfärisk termodynamik</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Keelingkurvan" title="Keelingkurvan">Keelingkurvan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/James_Hansen" title="James Hansen">James Hansen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klimatvetenskap&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klimatvetenskap [inte skriven än]">Klimatvetenskap</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Svante_Arrhenius" title="Svante Arrhenius">Svante Arrhenius</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"> </div><span style="font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Klimatpolitik" title="Klimatpolitik">Klimatpolitik</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/350.org" title="350.org">350.org</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Clean_Power_Plan" title="Clean Power Plan">Clean Power Plan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Climate_Mayors" title="Climate Mayors">Climate Mayors</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/FN:s_milj%C3%B6program" title="FN:s miljöprogram">FN:s miljöprogram</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renta_nationernas_klimatpanel" title="Förenta nationernas klimatpanel">Förenta nationernas klimatpanel</a> IPCC (<a href="/wiki/IPCC:s_sj%C3%A4tte_utv%C3%A4rderingsrapport" title="IPCC:s sjätte utvärderingsrapport">Sjätte utvärderingsrapporten</a> 2021) <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renta_nationernas_klimatkonferens_2015" title="Förenta nationernas klimatkonferens 2015">Förenta nationernas klimatkonferens 2015</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/FN:s_gr%C3%B6na_klimatfond" title="FN:s gröna klimatfond">FN:s gröna klimatfond</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klimatm%C3%A5l" title="Klimatmål">Klimatmål</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klimatskepticism" title="Klimatskepticism">Förnekelse av klimatförändringen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change" title="United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change">Klimatkonventionen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klimatlagen" title="Klimatlagen">Klimatlagen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klimatlagstiftning" title="Klimatlagstiftning">Klimatlagstiftning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klimatr%C3%A4ttvisa" title="Klimaträttvisa">Klimaträttvisa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Kyotoprotokollet" title="Kyotoprotokollet">Kyotoprotokollet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/March_for_Science" title="March for Science">March for Science</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Parisavtalet_(F%C3%B6renta_nationernas_klimatavtal)" title="Parisavtalet (Förenta nationernas klimatavtal)">Parisavtalet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/RE_100" title="RE 100">RE 100</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Regional_Greenhouse_Gas_Initiative" title="Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative">Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Skolstrejk_f%C3%B6r_klimatet" title="Skolstrejk för klimatet">Skolstrejk för klimatet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Sternrapporten" title="Sternrapporten">Sternrapporten</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Stockholmsinitiativet" class="mw-redirect" title="Stockholmsinitiativet">Stockholmsinitiativet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Begr%C3%A4nsad_klimatp%C3%A5verkan_(milj%C3%B6m%C3%A5l)" class="mw-redirect" title="Begränsad klimatpåverkan (miljömål)">Sveriges miljömål om begränsad klimatpåverkan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Under_2_Coalition" title="Under 2 Coalition">Under 2 Coalition</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Climate_Alliance" title="United States Climate Alliance">United States Climate Alliance</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/We_Are_Still_In" title="We Are Still In">We Are Still In</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"> </div><span style="font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6ljder_av_den_globala_uppv%C3%A4rmningen" title="Följder av den globala uppvärmningen">Effekter</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Antropocen" title="Antropocen">Antropocen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Havsf%C3%B6rsurning" title="Havsförsurning">Havsförsurning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Havsniv%C3%A5h%C3%B6jning" title="Havsnivåhöjning">Havsnivåhöjning</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Effekter_av_den_globala_uppv%C3%A4rmningen_p%C3%A5_m%C3%A4nniskors_h%C3%A4lsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Effekter av den globala uppvärmningen på människors hälsa">Hälsa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6ljder_av_den_globala_uppv%C3%A4rmningen#Konsekvenser_för_naturen" title="Följder av den globala uppvärmningen">Förlust av biologisk mångfald</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Fenologi" title="Fenologi">Förskjutna årstider</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Golfstr%C3%B6mmen#Global_inverkan" title="Golfströmmen">Försvagning av termohalin cirkulation</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Flykting" title="Flykting">Klimatflyktingar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klimatf%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndring" title="Klimatförändring">Klimatförändring</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Klimatf%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndring_i_Sverige" title="Klimatförändring i Sverige">Sverige</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><i><a href="/wiki/Klimatf%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndringar_i_Afrika" title="Klimatförändringar i Afrika">Afrika</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><i><a href="/wiki/Klimatf%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndring_i_Australien" title="Klimatförändring i Australien">Australien</a></i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><i><a href="/wiki/Klimatf%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndring_i_Bangladesh" title="Klimatförändring i Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></i>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Koldioxid_i_jordens_atmosf%C3%A4r" title="Koldioxid i jordens atmosfär">Koldioxidutsläpp</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Metan_i_jordens_atmosf%C3%A4r" title="Metan i jordens atmosfär">Metanutsläpp</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Ozonh%C3%A5l" title="Ozonhål">Ozonhål</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klimat%C3%A5ngest" title="Klimatångest">Psykologiska effekter på människor</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Glaci%C3%A4r" title="Glaciär">Smältning av glaciärer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Torka" title="Torka">Torka</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"> </div><span style="font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Begr%C3%A4nsning_av_klimatf%C3%B6r%C3%A4ndringar" title="Begränsning av klimatförändringar">Begränsning</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Kyotoprotokollet" title="Kyotoprotokollet">Kyotoprotokollet</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Clean_Development_Mechanism" title="Clean Development Mechanism">Clean Development Mechanism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renta_nationernas_klimatkonferens_2007" title="Förenta nationernas klimatkonferens 2007">Förenta nationernas klimatkonferens 2007</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renta_nationernas_klimatkonferens_2009" title="Förenta nationernas klimatkonferens 2009">Förenta nationernas klimatkonferens 2009</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joint_Implementation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joint Implementation [inte skriven än]">Joint Implementation</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Regeringsnivå</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=European_Climate_Change_Programme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="European Climate Change Programme [inte skriven än]">European Climate Change Programme</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/G8-m%C3%B6tet_2005" title="G8-mötet 2005">G8-mötet 2005</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Parisavtalet_(F%C3%B6renta_nationernas_klimatavtal)" title="Parisavtalet (Förenta nationernas klimatavtal)">Parisavtalet</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Minskning av utsläpp</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Fossila_br%C3%A4nslen" title="Fossila bränslen">Utfasning av fossila bränslen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Klimatkompensation" title="Klimatkompensation">Klimatkompensation</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Koldioxidneutral" title="Koldioxidneutral">Koldioxidneutrala bränslen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Koldioxidskatt" title="Koldioxidskatt">Koldioxidskatt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Utsl%C3%A4ppshandel" title="Utsläppshandel">Utsläppshandel</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Koldioxidfri energi</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Energieffektivisering" title="Energieffektivisering">Energieffektivisering</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rnybara_energik%C3%A4llor" class="mw-redirect" title="Förnybara energikällor">Förnybara energikällor</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a 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