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href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Soumrak" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Občanský_soumrak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Občanský_soumrak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Občanský soumrak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Občanský_soumrak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nautický_soumrak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nautický_soumrak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Nautický soumrak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nautický_soumrak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Astronomický_soumrak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Astronomický_soumrak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Astronomický soumrak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Astronomický_soumrak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Soumrak</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 84 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-84" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">84 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skemer" title="Skemer – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skemer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%82" title="شفق – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شفق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A2%DC%98%DC%A8%DC%A6%DC%90" title="ܢܘܨܦܐ – aramejština" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܢܘܨܦܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%82" title="شفق – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="شفق" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alatoranl%C4%B1q" title="Alatoranlıq – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Alatoranlıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="آلاتورانلیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آلاتورانلیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sambriek%C5%A1mis" title="Sambriekšmis – žemaitština" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sambriekšmis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Змрок – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Змрок" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Полумрак – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Полумрак" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanja" title="Sanja – bandžarština" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Sanja" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="bandžarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF" title="গোধূলি – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গোধূলি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumrak" title="Sumrak – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sumrak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crepuscle" title="Crepuscle – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Crepuscle" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%88%D9%85%DB%95%D9%84%DB%8E%DA%B5" title="بوومەلێڵ – kurdština (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بوومەلێڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdština (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%94%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%C4%95%D0%BA" title="Ĕнтрĕк – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ĕнтрĕк" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tusm%C3%B8rke" title="Tusmørke – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tusmørke" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A4mmerung" title="Dämmerung – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dämmerung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82" title="Λυκαυγές – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λυκαυγές" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bas%C5%8Dra" title="Basōra – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Basōra" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twilight" title="Twilight – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Twilight" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krepusko" title="Krepusko – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Krepusko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crep%C3%BAsculo" title="Crepúsculo – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Crepúsculo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A4marik" title="Hämarik – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hämarik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krepuskulu" title="Krepuskulu – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Krepuskulu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4" title="گرگ‌ومیش – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گرگ‌ومیش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A4m%C3%A4r%C3%A4" title="Hämärä – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hämärä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%A9puscule" title="Crépuscule – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Crépuscule" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twiljocht" title="Twiljocht – fríština (západní)" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Twiljocht" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="fríština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clapsholas" title="Clapsholas – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Clapsholas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crep%C3%BAsculo" title="Crepúsculo – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Crepúsculo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D" title="דמדומים – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דמדומים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumrak" title="Sumrak – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sumrak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%BCrk%C3%BClet" title="Szürkület – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szürkület" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A9%D5%B6%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B2" title="Մթնշաղ – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մթնշաղ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fajar_senja" title="Fajar senja – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Fajar senja" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krepuskulo" title="Krepuskulo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Krepuskulo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crepuscolo" title="Crepuscolo – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Crepuscolo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%96%84%E6%98%8E" title="薄明 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="薄明" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adnanas" title="Adnanas – kabylština" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Adnanas" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%B6%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%A3%D1%81%D3%99%D1%80%D1%96" title="Ымырт және таңсәрі – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ымырт және таңсәрі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%95%EB%AA%85" title="박명 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="박명" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%B3%D2%AF%D0%BC" title="Күүгүм – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Күүгүм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schummerecht" title="Schummerecht – lucemburština" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Schummerecht" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lucemburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutemos" title="Sutemos – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sutemos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C4%93sla" title="Krēsla – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Krēsla" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Самрак – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Самрак" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="ട്വൈലൈറ്റ് – malajálamština" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ട്വൈലൈറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram-temaram" title="Aram-temaram – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aram-temaram" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%86%E1%80%AC%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ဆည်းဆာချိန် – barmština" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆည်းဆာချိန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skemer" title="Skemer – dolnosaština" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Skemer" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="dolnosaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schemering" title="Schemering – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Schemering" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tussm%C3%B8rker" title="Tussmørker – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tussmørker" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tussm%C3%B8rke" title="Tussmørke – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tussmørke" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crepuscul" title="Crepuscul – okcitánština" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Crepuscul" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basakkaa" title="Basakkaa – oromština" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Basakkaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%82" title="شفق – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شفق" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%BE%D9%86%DB%8D_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="شپنۍ اورورا – paštština" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شپنۍ اورورا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crep%C3%BAsculo" title="Crepúsculo – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Crepúsculo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crepuscul" title="Crepuscul – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Crepuscul" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Сумерки – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сумерки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloamin" title="Gloamin – skotština" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Gloamin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85" title="نماشام – sindhština" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="نماشام" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumrak" title="Sumrak – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sumrak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twilight" title="Twilight – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Twilight" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BAmrak" title="Súmrak – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Súmrak" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somrak" title="Somrak – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Somrak" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauro" title="Mauro – šonština" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mauro" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiir" title="Hiir – somálština" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hiir" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzgu" title="Muzgu – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Muzgu" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BC%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Сумрак – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сумрак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layung" title="Layung – sundština" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Layung" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skymning" title="Skymning – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Skymning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF" title="மெல்லொளி – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெல்லொளி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="సంధ్యాసమయం – telugština" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సంధ్యాసమయం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2" title="สนธยา – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สนธยา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twilight_(album)" title="Twilight (album) – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Twilight (album)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alacakaranl%C4%B1k" title="Alacakaranlık – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alacakaranlık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Эңгер – tatarština" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Эңгер" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Сутінки – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сутінки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%82" title="شفق – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شفق" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BA%A1ng_v%E1%BA%A1ng" title="Chạng vạng – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chạng vạng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%99%E6%9A%AE%E5%85%89" title="曙暮光 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="曙暮光" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%99%E6%9A%AE%E5%85%89" title="曙暮光 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="曙暮光" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%99%E6%9A%AE%E5%85%89" title="曙暮光 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="曙暮光" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q164160#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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[h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Soumrak"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=history"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Obecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/Soumrak" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/Soumrak" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_str%C3%A1nky" title="Seznam všech speciálních stránek [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciální stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&oldid=24012765" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=info" title="Více informací o této stránce"><span>Informace o stránce</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Citovat&page=Soumrak&id=24012765&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informace o tom, jak citovat tuto stránku"><span>Citovat stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSoumrak"><span>Získat zkrácené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSoumrak"><span>Stáhnout QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tisk/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Kniha&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Soumrak"><span>Vytvořit knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:DownloadAsPdf&page=Soumrak&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stáhnout jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&printable=yes" title="Tato stránka v podobě vhodné k tisku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verze k tisku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na jiných projektech </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Twilight" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Soumrak" hreflang="cs"><span>Wikicitáty</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q164160" title="Odkaz na propojenou položku datového úložiště [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote noprint">Na tento článek je <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:P%C5%99esm%C4%9Brov%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Wikipedie:Přesměrování">přesměrováno</a> heslo <b>Úsvit</b>. Další významy jsou uvedeny na stránce <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Asvit_(rozcestn%C3%ADk)" class="mw-disambig" title="Úsvit (rozcestník)">Úsvit (rozcestník)</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Types-of-twilight_cs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Types-of-twilight_cs.svg/300px-Types-of-twilight_cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Types-of-twilight_cs.svg/450px-Types-of-twilight_cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Types-of-twilight_cs.svg/600px-Types-of-twilight_cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Schéma ranního a večerního soumraku</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Prague_Castle_at_Night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Prague_Castle_at_Night.jpg/220px-Prague_Castle_at_Night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Prague_Castle_at_Night.jpg/330px-Prague_Castle_at_Night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Prague_Castle_at_Night.jpg/440px-Prague_Castle_at_Night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5049" data-file-height="3363" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pra%C5%BEsk%C3%BD_hrad" title="Pražský hrad">Pražský hrad</a> za soumraku</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Soumrak</b> je přechod mezi <a href="/wiki/Den" title="Den">dnem</a> a <a href="/wiki/Noc" title="Noc">nocí</a>; doba po <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A1pad_slunce" title="Západ slunce">západu</a> nebo před <a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDchod_slunce" title="Východ slunce">východem</a> <a href="/wiki/Slunce" title="Slunce">Slunce</a>. Ranní soumrak se nazývá <b>svítání</b> (<a href="/wiki/Morav%C5%A1tina" title="Moravština">moravsky</a> <b>rozednívání</b>), <b>úsvit</b> či <b>rozbřesk</b>. Při soumraku je <a href="/wiki/Slunce" title="Slunce">Slunce</a> pod <a href="/wiki/Obzor" title="Obzor">obzorem</a>, osvětluje však horní vrstvy <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A9ra" title="Atmosféra">atmosféry</a> (sluneční světlo se <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rozptyl_(fyzika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rozptyl (fyzika) (stránka neexistuje)">rozptyluje</a> na <a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">molekulách</a> vzduchu), a tím je částečně osvětlen i zemský povrch. </p><p>Rozlišuje se <a href="#Občanský_soumrak">občanský</a> (civilní), <a href="#Nautický_soumrak">nautický</a> a <a href="#Astronomický_soumrak">astronomický soumrak</a>. </p><p>Délka soumraku závisí na <a href="/wiki/Zem%C4%9Bpisn%C3%A1_%C5%A1%C3%AD%C5%99ka" title="Zeměpisná šířka">zeměpisné šířce</a> a během <a href="/wiki/Rok" title="Rok">roku</a> se mění. Nejkratší soumrak bývá kolem <a href="/wiki/Zemsk%C3%BD_rovn%C3%ADk" class="mw-redirect" title="Zemský rovník">rovníku</a>, protože slunce zapadá téměř kolmo k obzoru (soumrak trvá 72 minut a v průběhu roku se jeho délka téměř nemění)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. S rostoucí zeměpisnou šířkou se trvání soumraku prodlužuje a zároveň se k sobě přibližuje konec večerního a začátek ranního soumraku; od určité zeměpisné šířky dochází po určitou část roku k jejich splynutí. V zeměpisných šířkách <a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADrn%C3%BD_podnebn%C3%BD_p%C3%A1s" class="mw-redirect" title="Mírný podnebný pás">mírného pásu</a> (např. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesko" title="Česko">Česko</a>) je nejkratší soumrak začátkem <a href="/wiki/B%C5%99ezen" title="Březen">března</a> a v první polovině <a href="/wiki/%C5%98%C3%ADjen" title="Říjen">října</a> (1 hodinu 50 minut) a nejdelší před a po <a href="/wiki/Letn%C3%AD_slunovrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Letní slunovrat">letním slunovratu</a> (cca 7 hodin 50 minut), kdy soumrak trvá celou noc (pravá – astronomická noc nenastává). V <a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_oblast" title="Polární oblast">polárních oblastech</a> může trvat soumrak několik týdnů i déle. </p><p>Za soumraku (nebo při západu a východu Slunce) je někdy možné pozorovat tzv. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrakov%C3%A9_jevy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soumrakové jevy (stránka neexistuje)">soumrakové jevy</a>, mezi které patří <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cerv%C3%A1nky" title="Červánky">červánky</a>, soumrakový oblouk a Venušin pás, krepuskulární paprsky, <a href="/wiki/No%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_sv%C3%ADt%C3%ADc%C3%AD_oblak" title="Noční svítící oblak">noční svítící oblaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zelen%C3%BD_z%C3%A1blesk" title="Zelený záblesk">zelený záblesk</a> a další.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Občanský_soumrak"><span id="Ob.C4.8Dansk.C3.BD_soumrak"></span>Občanský soumrak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Občanský soumrak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Občanský soumrak"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ráno občanský (civilní) soumrak začíná okamžikem, kdy se střed slunečního kotouče nachází 6° pod <a href="/wiki/Obzor" title="Obzor">horizontem</a>, a končí <a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDchod_slunce" title="Východ slunce">východem Slunce</a>; večer začíná <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A1pad_slunce" title="Západ slunce">západem Slunce</a> a končí okamžikem, kdy se střed slunečního kotouče nachází 6° pod horizontem. </p><p>Východ a západ Slunce jsou okamžiky, kdy se horní okraj slunečního kotouče nachází přesně na ideálním horizontu a to za průměrných atmosférických podmínek pro pozorovatele při hladině moře. Díky <a href="/wiki/Atmosf%C3%A9rick%C3%A1_refrakce" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmosférická refrakce">atmosférické refrakci</a> je však skutečná poloha horního okraje slunečního disku v těchto okamžicích 0° 34' pod horizontem. Zdánlivý poloměr Slunce na obloze činí 0° 16', takže střed slunečního disku je v okamžiku východu Slunce (tj. na konci ranního občanského soumraku) nebo západu Slunce (tj. na začátku večerního občanského soumraku) 0° 50' pod horizontem. Pro výšku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93cb478d52edf19aba819fc317f0812ae7ad8b67" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.219ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"></span> <a href="/wiki/Geometrick%C3%BD_st%C5%99ed" title="Geometrický střed">geometrického středu</a> Slunce na obloze tedy v průběhu občanského soumraku platí: −6° ≤ <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93cb478d52edf19aba819fc317f0812ae7ad8b67" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.219ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"></span> < −0° 50'.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Při občanském soumraku lze venku bez <a href="/wiki/Um%C4%9Bl%C3%A9_osv%C4%9Btlen%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Umělé osvětlení">umělého osvětlení</a> vykonávat běžné činnosti jako např. číst noviny nebo hrát míčové hry. Ihned po západu (resp. těsně před východem) Slunce jsou na obloze viditelné <a href="/wiki/Hv%C4%9Bzdn%C3%A1_velikost#Nejjasnější_objekty_na_obloze" title="Hvězdná velikost">nejjasnější objekty</a> jako <a href="/wiki/M%C4%9Bs%C3%ADc" title="Měsíc">Měsíc</a>, jasné planety (<a href="/wiki/Venu%C5%A1e_(planeta)" title="Venuše (planeta)">Venuše</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(planeta)" title="Jupiter (planeta)">Jupiter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mars_(planeta)" title="Mars (planeta)">Mars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merkur_(planeta)" title="Merkur (planeta)">Merkur</a> a <a href="/wiki/Saturn_(planeta)" title="Saturn (planeta)">Saturn</a>), postupně se objevují první <a href="/wiki/Hv%C4%9Bzda" title="Hvězda">hvězdy</a> a na rozhraní občanského a nautického soumraku jsou již zřetelně viditelné hvězdy do první <a href="/wiki/Magnituda" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnituda">magnitudy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>V českých zeměpisných šířkách trvá občanský soumrak kolem <a href="/wiki/Slunovrat" title="Slunovrat">letního slunovratu</a> přes 45 minut, kolem <a href="/wiki/Slunovrat" title="Slunovrat">zimního slunovratu</a> 40 minut a nejkratší dobu trvá okolo <a href="/wiki/Jarn%C3%AD_rovnodennost" class="mw-redirect" title="Jarní rovnodennost">jarní</a> a <a href="/wiki/Podzimn%C3%AD_rovnodennost" class="mw-redirect" title="Podzimní rovnodennost">podzimní rovnodennosti</a>, okolo 35 minut.<sup id="cite_ref-twil_dur_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twil_dur-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> V oblastech nad 60° 34' zeměpisné šířky trvá okolo letního slunovratu občanský soumrak celou noc – nastávají tzv. <b><a href="/wiki/B%C3%ADl%C3%A1_noc" title="Bílá noc">bílé noci</a></b>, kdy Slunce neklesá pod 6° pod horizont.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nautický_soumrak"><span id="Nautick.C3.BD_soumrak"></span>Nautický soumrak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Nautický soumrak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Nautický soumrak"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Twilight_at_acapulco_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Twilight_at_acapulco_edit.jpg/250px-Twilight_at_acapulco_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Twilight_at_acapulco_edit.jpg/375px-Twilight_at_acapulco_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Twilight_at_acapulco_edit.jpg/500px-Twilight_at_acapulco_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2993" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Nautický soumrak v <a href="/wiki/Acapulco" title="Acapulco">Acapulco</a>, je možné vidět hvězdy i horizont</figcaption></figure> <p>Nautický soumrak je časový interval, ve kterém pro výšku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93cb478d52edf19aba819fc317f0812ae7ad8b67" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.219ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"></span> geometrického středu Slunce na obloze platí: −12° ≤ <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93cb478d52edf19aba819fc317f0812ae7ad8b67" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.219ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"></span> < −6°. Nautický soumrak tedy večer navazuje na občanský (civilní), ráno mu předchází. </p><p>V průběhu nautického soumraku mořeplavci prováděli pozorování hvězd nutná k určení jejich polohy na moři (odtud jeho název – nautika je nauka o vedení lodi, tj. určování její polohy, stanovení rychlosti a směru plavby). Obloha je dostatečně tmavá, aby <a href="/wiki/Naviga%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_hv%C4%9Bzdy" title="Navigační hvězdy">navigační hvězdy</a> byly viditelné, zároveň je však ještě dostatečně světlá, aby byla na horizontu rozeznatelná od <a href="/wiki/Hladina_mo%C5%99e" title="Hladina moře">mořské hladiny</a>, a tudíž bylo umožněno přesné měření polohy, např. pomocí <a href="/wiki/Sextant" title="Sextant">sextantu</a>. Nejlepší podmínky pro <a href="/wiki/Navigace" title="Navigace">navigaci</a> nastávají, když je střed slunečního kotouče 10° pod horizontem.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nejdéle trvá nautický soumrak kolem <a href="/wiki/Letn%C3%AD_slunovrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Letní slunovrat">letního slunovratu</a>, v českých zeměpisných šířkách je to přes 60 minut, kolem zimního slunovratu 40 minut a nejkratší dobu trvá okolo jarní a podzimní rovnodennosti, okolo 35 minut.<sup id="cite_ref-twil_dur_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twil_dur-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> V oblastech nad 54° 34' zeměpisné šířky Slunce okolo letního slunovratu neklesá pod horizont více než 12° a večerní a ranní nautický soumrak tak splývají. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Astronomický_soumrak"><span id="Astronomick.C3.BD_soumrak"></span>Astronomický soumrak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Astronomický soumrak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Astronomický soumrak"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Astronomický soumrak je časový interval, ve kterém pro výšku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93cb478d52edf19aba819fc317f0812ae7ad8b67" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.219ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"></span> geometrického středu Slunce na obloze platí: −18° ≤ <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>h</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/93cb478d52edf19aba819fc317f0812ae7ad8b67" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.219ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle h_{\mathrm {s} }}"></span> < −12°. Astronomický soumrak tedy večer navazuje na nautický, ráno mu předchází. </p><p>Obloha je tmavá, jsou vidět hvězdy páté magnitudy.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Slabší objekty, typicky např. <a href="/wiki/Mlhovina" title="Mlhovina">mlhoviny</a> nebo <a href="/wiki/Galaxie" title="Galaxie">galaxie</a>, však ani v dobrém <a href="/wiki/Dalekohled" title="Dalekohled">dalekohledu</a> nejsou za astronomického soumraku pozorovatelné a je třeba počkat na <b>astronomickou noc</b>, kdy se střed Slunce na obloze nachází více než 18° pod horizontem a sluneční světlo již nijak nenarušuje pozorování.<sup id="cite_ref-twil_dur_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twil_dur-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bez ohledu na to, jak hluboko pod obzor Slunce klesne, v městech, osvětlených předměstích nebo za úplňku obloha nikdy neztmavne víc než byla na rozmezí nautického a astronomického soumraku.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Astronomický soumrak je v České republice nejkratší začátkem března a v první polovině října (cca 40 minut). V oblastech nad 48° 34' <a href="/wiki/Zem%C4%9Bpisn%C3%A1_%C5%A1%C3%AD%C5%99ka" title="Zeměpisná šířka">zeměpisné šířky</a> Slunce okolo letního slunovratu neklesá víc než 18° pod horizont, večerní astronomický soumrak splývá s ranním (v Česku je toto období dlouhé cca čtyři týdny) a astronomická noc tak nenastává. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> How The Solar System Works. <i>www.uwgb.edu</i> [online]. [cit. 2010-12-07]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110530025657/http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/AstronNotes/HowSolSysWorks.HTM">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2011-05-30.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.uwgb.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uwgb.edu%2Fdutchs%2FAstronNotes%2FHowSolSysWorks.HTM&rft.atitle=How+The+Solar+System+Works"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Trnčák, P. (2006). <i>Optické jevy.</i>. <i>www.astronomie.cz</i> [online]. [cit. 2010-12-07]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120521162615/http://www.astronomie.cz/download/opticke-jevy.pdf">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronomie.cz/download/opticke-jevy.pdf">originálu</a> dne 2012-05-21.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.astronomie.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astronomie.cz%2Fdownload%2Fopticke-jevy.pdf&rft.atitle=Trn%C4%8D%C3%A1k%2C+P.+%282006%29.+%27%27Optick%C3%A9+jevy.%27%27"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Nautical Almanac Office. (1996). <i>A note on sunrise, sunset and twilight times and on the illumination conditionas during twilight.</i>. <i>www.hmnao.com</i> [online]. [cit. 2010-12-07]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101224231118/http://www.hmnao.com/nao/aisinfo/ais007.pdf">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2010-12-24.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.hmnao.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hmnao.com%2Fnao%2Faisinfo%2Fais007.pdf&rft.atitle=Nautical+Almanac+Office.+%281996%29.+%27%27A+note+on+sunrise%2C+sunset+and+twilight+times+and+on+the+illumination+conditionas+during+twilight.%27%27"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Flanders, T. (2007). <i>Twilight</i>. <i>www.skyandtelescope.com</i> [online]. [cit. 2010-12-07]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207202518/http://www.skyandtelescope.com/community/skyblog/stargazing/8833662.html">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2009-02-07.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.skyandtelescope.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skyandtelescope.com%2Fcommunity%2Fskyblog%2Fstargazing%2F8833662.html&rft.atitle=Flanders%2C+T.+%282007%29.+%27%27Twilight%27%27"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-twil_dur-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-twil_dur_5-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-twil_dur_5-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-twil_dur_5-2"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">c</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://individual.utoronto.ca/kalendis/twilight/index.htm">Bromberg, I.: <i>Civil, Nautical, and Astronomical Twilight</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astrovm.cz/cz/pro-navstevniky/novinky_obr/astronomicke-leto-a-astronomicky-soumrak.html">Hvězdárna Valašské Meziříčí: <i>Astronomické léto a astronomický soumrak</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oceannavigation.blogspot.com/2009/02/celestial-navigation-notes.html">Celestial Navigation Notes</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:Wyzi8Ts-79UJ:dspace.fsktm.um.edu.my/bitstream/1812/534/1/Nur%2520Nafhatun%2520-%2520Sky%2520Brightness%2520at%2520Twilight%2520-%2520MSc2008.pdf+%22civil+twilight%22+2nd+magnitude+faintest+visible+-glossary&hl=cs&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESg5HTOsMzXmFOXL1SKKehnsqcv3rXugZyfclz7L1GlypROTZ3rZhOOrHrWnTi_PFDyJgonM03VW7wahx7BPdE3z2O87EMRaQBRl8N-QpaVdfrLqHU9RmugOmI6QIFxBNuDwihYB&sig=AHIEtbTcpPJG0g_YgVEA-AQF9yFsQ41nGA">SKY BRIGHTNESS AT TWILIGHT</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Astronomical twilight. <i>www.skyandtelescope.com</i> [online]. [cit. 2010-12-07]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111031004026/http://www.skyandtelescope.com/community/skyblog/stargazing/9336186.html">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2011-10-31.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=www.skyandtelescope.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skyandtelescope.com%2Fcommunity%2Fskyblog%2Fstargazing%2F9336186.html&rft.atitle=Astronomical+twilight"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modr%C3%A1_hodina" title="Modrá hodina">Modrá hodina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_noc" title="Polární noc">Polární noc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zelen%C3%BD_z%C3%A1blesk" title="Zelený záblesk">Zelený záblesk</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soumrak&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Twilight" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Twilight">soumrak</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wikiquote"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Téma </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wikiquote.org/wiki/Soumrak" class="extiw" title="q:Soumrak">Soumrak</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikicitátech</span></span></span></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wiktionary"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="411" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Slovníkové heslo </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/soumrak" class="extiw" title="wikt:soumrak">soumrak</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikislovníku</span></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/astronomical-applications/data-services/rs-one-year-world">Table of Sunrise/Sunset, Moonrise/Moonset, or Twilight Times for an Entire Year</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190116114002/http://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/astronomical-applications/data-services/rs-one-year-world">Archivováno</a> 16. 1. 2019 na <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.beda.cz/~jirkaj/soumrak/index.html">[1]</a> – Grafické znázornění svítání a soumraku v roce a v různých zeměpisných šířkách</li></ul> <div class="navbox noprint" title="Části dne"><table title="" class="navbox-navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r17064757">.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal}</style><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <span class="navbox-titletext">Části <a href="/wiki/Den" title="Den">dne</a></span> </th> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" colspan="2"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Sv%C3%ADt%C3%A1n%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Svítání">svítání</a> • <a href="/wiki/V%C3%BDchod_slunce" title="Východ slunce">východ slunce</a> • <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1no" title="Ráno">ráno</a> • <a href="/wiki/Dopoledne" title="Dopoledne">dopoledne</a> • <a href="/wiki/Poledne" title="Poledne">poledne</a> • <a href="/wiki/Odpoledne" title="Odpoledne">odpoledne</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ve%C4%8Der" title="Večer">večer</a> • <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A1pad_slunce" title="Západ slunce">západ slunce</a> • <a href="/wiki/Noc" title="Noc">noc</a> • <a href="/wiki/P%C5%AFlnoc" title="Půlnoc">půlnoc</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" colspan="2"> <div> <b>Příbuzná témata:</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">soumrak</a> • <a href="/wiki/Modr%C3%A1_hodina" title="Modrá hodina">modrá hodina</a> • <a href="/wiki/Zlat%C3%A1_hodina" title="Zlatá hodina">zlatá hodina</a> • <a href="/wiki/Slune%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_termin%C3%A1tor" title="Sluneční terminátor">sluneční terminátor</a> • <a href="/wiki/P%C5%AFlno%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_slunce" title="Půlnoční slunce">půlnoční slunce</a> • <a href="/wiki/B%C3%ADl%C3%A1_noc" title="Bílá noc">bílá noc</a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox2,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 th,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title{background-color:#e0e0e0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-title{background-color:#e7e7e7}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-title{font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup 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