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<li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div 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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Benjamin Jowett</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%96%D1%82" title="Бенджамін Джоўіт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бенджамін Джоўіт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett" title="Benjamin Jowett – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Benjamin Jowett" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjam%C3%ADn_Jowett" title="Benjamín Jowett – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Benjamín Jowett" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AA" title="بنیامین جاوت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بنیامین جاوت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett" title="Benjamin Jowett – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Benjamin Jowett" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett" title="Benjamin Jowett – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Benjamin Jowett" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A4%EC%A0%80%EB%AF%BC_%EC%A1%B0%EC%9A%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="벤저민 조우이트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="벤저민 조우이트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett" title="Benjamin Jowett – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Benjamin Jowett" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett" title="Benjamin Jowett – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Benjamin Jowett" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%DA%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="بينچامين چويت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بينچامين چويت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett" title="Benjamin Jowett – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Benjamin Jowett" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett" title="Benjamin Jowett – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Benjamin Jowett" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82,_%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Джоуитт, Бенджамин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джоуитт, Бенджамин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Jowett" title="Benjamin Jowett – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Benjamin Jowett" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q817565#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">English writer and classical scholar (1817–1893)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Reverend" title="The Reverend">The Reverend</a></div><div class="fn">Benjamin Jowett</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Photography_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Photography_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg/220px-Photography_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Photography_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg/330px-Photography_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Photography_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg/440px-Photography_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg 2x" data-file-width="893" data-file-height="1223" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Jowett in 1893</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1817-04-15</span>)</span>15 April 1817<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Camberwell" title="Camberwell">Camberwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1 October 1893<span style="display:none">(1893-10-01)</span> (aged 76)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Alton,_Hampshire" title="Alton, Hampshire">Alton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a>, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">British</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Writer</li><li>scholar</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Being a writer, scholar, and translator of <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic background</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Balliol_College,_Oxford" title="Balliol College, Oxford">Balliol College, Oxford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Academic advisors</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Penrhyn_Stanley" title="Arthur Penrhyn Stanley">A. P. Stanley</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Academic work</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Notable students</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hill_Green" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Hill Green">Thomas Hill Green</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Edward_Caird" title="Edward Caird">Edward Caird</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Signature_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg/150px-Signature_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Signature_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg/225px-Signature_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Signature_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg/300px-Signature_of_Benjamin_Jowett.jpg 2x" data-file-width="521" data-file-height="168" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Benjamin Jowett</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span>/</a></span></span>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> modern variant <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/dʒ/: 'j' in 'jam'">dʒ</span><span title="/aʊ/: 'ou' in 'mouth'">aʊ</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span>/</a></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 15 April 1817 – 1 October 1893) was an English writer and classical scholar. Additionally, he was an administrative reformer in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>, theologian, <a href="/wiki/Anglican_cleric" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican cleric">Anglican cleric</a>, and translator of <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was <a href="/wiki/Master_(college)" class="mw-redirect" title="Master (college)">Master</a> of <a href="/wiki/Balliol_College,_Oxford" title="Balliol College, Oxford">Balliol College, Oxford</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jowett was born in <a href="/wiki/Camberwell" title="Camberwell">Camberwell</a>, London, the third of nine children.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father was a furrier originally from a <a href="/wiki/Yorkshire" title="Yorkshire">Yorkshire</a> family that, for three generations, had been supporters of the <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelical</a> movement in the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>, and an author of a metrical translation of the Old Testament Psalms.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015390_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015390-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother, Isabella Langhorne (1790–1869), was related to <a href="/wiki/John_Langhorne_(poet)" title="John Langhorne (poet)">John Langhorne</a>, the poet and translator of Plutarch. At the age of 12, Jowett was placed on the foundation of <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_School_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="St Paul's School (London)">St Paul's School</a> (then in <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's</a> Churchyard) where he soon gained a reputation as a precocious classical scholar. Aged 18 he was awarded an open <a href="/wiki/Scholarship" title="Scholarship">scholarship</a> to <a href="/wiki/Balliol_College,_Oxford" title="Balliol College, Oxford">Balliol College, Oxford</a>, where he remained for the rest of his life. He began his studies in 1836, and was quickly recognised as one of the leading Oxford dons of his generation, made a Fellow while still an undergraduate in 1838; he graduated with first-class honours in 1839. This was at the height of the Oxford <a href="/wiki/Tractarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Tractarian">Tractarian</a> movement: through the friendship of <a href="/wiki/William_George_Ward" title="William George Ward">W. G. Ward</a> he was drawn for a time in the direction of <a href="/wiki/High_church" title="High church">High Anglicanism</a>; but a stronger and more lasting influence was that of the <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Arnold" title="Matthew Arnold">Arnold</a> school, represented by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Penrhyn_Stanley" title="Arthur Penrhyn Stanley">A. P. Stanley</a>. The controversy caused Jowett to withdraw from High Table at college to lodgings in Broad Street. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_Jowett_by_Richmond.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Benjamin_Jowett_by_Richmond.jpg/220px-Benjamin_Jowett_by_Richmond.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Benjamin_Jowett_by_Richmond.jpg/330px-Benjamin_Jowett_by_Richmond.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Benjamin_Jowett_by_Richmond.jpg/440px-Benjamin_Jowett_by_Richmond.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="1877" /></a><figcaption>Benjamin Jowett, by <a href="/wiki/George_Richmond_(painter)" title="George Richmond (painter)">George Richmond</a>, 1854</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heretical_controversialist">Heretical controversialist</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Heretical controversialist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As early as 1839, Stanley had joined with <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Campbell_Tait" title="Archibald Campbell Tait">Archibald Campbell Tait</a>, the future <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>, in advocating certain university reforms. From 1846 onwards, Jowett threw himself into this movement, which in 1848 became general amongst the younger and more thoughtful fellows, until it took effect in the commission of 1850 and the act of 1854. Jowett then concentrated on <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a>: he spent the summers of 1845 and 1846 in Germany with Stanley, and became an eager student of German criticism and speculation. His views became more than radical, they were heretical, which severely curtailed prospects for advancement within the walls of the conformity of Anglican Oxford. Amongst the writings of that period he was most impressed by those of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Christian_Baur" title="Ferdinand Christian Baur">F. C. Baur</a>. But he never ceased to exercise an independent judgement, and his work on <a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Tarsus" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul of Tarsus">St Paul</a>, which appeared in 1855, was the result of much original reflection and inquiry. </p><p>Jowett found a friend and correspondent in <a href="/wiki/Florence_Nightingale" title="Florence Nightingale">Florence Nightingale</a>, but whether there was any romantic attachment is unclear. It has been suggested that he belatedly proposed marriage, but was rejected, and lived the latter part of his life in regret that he never knew matrimonial bliss. Jowett's didactic and pedagogic nature tended him towards instruction of her complicated character accusing her of exaggeration, an emotional intensity occasioned by hysteria.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge20158_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge20158-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a father figure, paternalistic towards a deeply conservative woman, religious, self-censoring and strict in her conduct. Another educational reform, the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Civil_Service" title="Indian Civil Service">Indian Civil Service</a> to competition, took place at the same time, and Jowett was one of the commission. He had two brothers, William and Alfred who had served and died in India, and he never ceased to take a deep and practical interest in Indian affairs. After the Second Royal Commission in May 1859 he called Philomela 'the Governess of Governors of India' for her robust dealings with the poor conditions in Calcutta "the natives themselves...educated to cleanliness & health by the enforcement of sanitary regulations in the large towns."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When an old man he visited Claydons, where Margaret Verney donated him a print portrait of Florence which he later bequested in his will to Somerville College. A. Sorabji, an Indian writer, was a student barrister at Somerville College in 1890s, when the Master of Balliol, pointing to the picture declared her love for him: the story was never confirmed.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In another story entirely Margot Tennant later wife of Henry Asquith, befriended Jowett, only to learn that he had had a "violent...very violent" relationship with Nightingale. Jowett was an <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%89minence_grise" title="Éminence grise">éminence grise</a></i> of liberal theology but could be somewhat chaotic in his recollections.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oxford_career">Oxford career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Oxford career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jowett was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Regius_Professorship_of_Greek_(Oxford)" class="mw-redirect" title="Regius Professorship of Greek (Oxford)">Regius Professorship of Greek</a> in autumn 1855. He had been a tutor of Balliol and an <a href="/wiki/Anglican_cleric" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican cleric">Anglican cleric</a> since 1842 and had devoted himself to the work of tuition: his pupils became his friends for life. He discerned their capabilities and taught them to know themselves. This made him a reputation as "the great tutor". </p><p>A great disappointment, his repulse for the mastership of Balliol, also in 1854, appears to have roused him into the completion of his book on <i>The Epistles of St Paul</i>. This work, described by one of his friends as "a miracle of boldness", is full of originality and suggestiveness, but its publication awakened against him a storm of theological opposition from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orthodox_Evangelicals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orthodox Evangelicals (page does not exist)">Orthodox Evangelicals</a>, which followed him more or less through life. Instead of yielding to this, he joined with <a href="/wiki/Henry_Bristow_Wilson" title="Henry Bristow Wilson">Henry Bristow Wilson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rowland_Williams_(theologian)" title="Rowland Williams (theologian)">Rowland Williams</a>, who had been similarly attacked, in the production of the volume known as <i><a href="/wiki/Essays_and_Reviews" title="Essays and Reviews">Essays and Reviews</a></i>. This appeared in 1860 and gave rise to a strong outbreak of criticism.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jowett's loyalty to those who were prosecuted on this account was no less characteristic than his persistent silence while the augmentation of his salary as Greek professor was withheld. This persecution was continued until 1865, when <a href="/wiki/Edward_Augustus_Freeman" title="Edward Augustus Freeman">E. A. Freeman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Isaac_Elton" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Isaac Elton">Charles Elton</a> discovered by historical research that a breach of the conditions of the professorship had occurred, and <a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Oxford" title="Christ Church, Oxford">Christ Church</a>, Oxford, raised the endowment from £40 a year to £500. Jowett was one of the recipients of Nightingale's three volume work <i>Suggestions for Thought</i> for proof-reading and criticism. In the third volume of <i>Essays and Reviews</i> he contributed <i>On the Interpretation of Scripture</i> in which he attempted to reconcile her assertion that religion was law and could be unified with science. Her radical thoughts on women's place in the home, and his departure from liberal Anglican theology helped to block for a decade his career advancement to the Mastership of Balliol. By 1860, he was already <a href="/wiki/Regius_Professor_of_Greek_(Oxford)" title="Regius Professor of Greek (Oxford)">Regius Professor of Greek</a> and a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fellow_of_Balliol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fellow of Balliol (page does not exist)">Fellow of Balliol</a>, but an increase in his stipend was withheld. While the work gained fulsome praise from philosopher-politician <a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">John Stuart Mill</a>, it profoundly shook the more traditional establishment's fervent belief that the working-classes would continue to worship in parish churches. Recognition that this was no longer so, was just one of the theological departures.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015369–372_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015369–372-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 1862 he was invited to <a href="/wiki/Oak_Hill_Park" title="Oak Hill Park">Oak Hill Park</a> to offer Florence the sacrament. Accepting the prospect with relish, he nonetheless consulted with Archbishop Tait for permission. Many of his letters to her and Mrs Bracebridge have survived; their religion was tinged with a mutual respect for their shared common interests and intellectual gifts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015389–390_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015389–390-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also included is an unflattering description of a middle-aged man. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Height_of_intellectual_powers">Height of intellectual powers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Height of intellectual powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benjamin_Jowett.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Benjamin_Jowett.png/200px-Benjamin_Jowett.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="366" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Benjamin_Jowett.png 1.5x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="499" /></a><figcaption>Benjamin Jowett, by <a href="/wiki/Leslie_Ward" title="Leslie Ward">Sir Leslie Ward, 'Spy'</a>, 1876</figcaption></figure> <p>Meanwhile, Jowett's influence at Oxford had steadily increased; he had his favourites. It culminated when the country clergy, provoked by the final acquittal of the essayists, had voted in convocation against the endowment of the Greek chair. Jowett's pupils, who were now drawn from the university at large, supported him with enthusiasm. He made friends with the Freemantles (related to Gladstone's minister, Grant Duff), and the Verneys at Claydons. On holiday in Derbyshire he would write to them and Florence, describing his findings at <a href="/wiki/Lea_Hurst" class="mw-redirect" title="Lea Hurst">Lea Hurst</a> in 1864. One historian has identified his relations with her as being most intense between 1863 and 1866: in April 1864, he had advised Florence Nightingale to prevent Garibaldi, her world-famous guest, from stirring up trouble in Italy. This coincided with a big philosophical argument in which they were poles apart: there were three major pieces of sanitary legislation, the Contagious Diseases Acts, which in 1870 came under fire from <a href="/wiki/Josephine_Butler" title="Josephine Butler">Josephine Butler</a>, a feminist and social reformer, who wished their repeal. The rational theologian in Jowett warned Nightingale to ignore those "on the wrong tack".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rising incidents of venereal disease posed a moral question about whether to regulate prostitution, when men still might die from the infection. Policing of the health conditions became a case for which women's rights campaigners demanded repeal, and they launched a vociferous attack in the press on Jowett, amongst others. He was a compassionate man, visiting the selfless Hilary Bonham Carter (dying from cancer) in May 1865, administering his own brand of prayer and kindness.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a staunch critic of the Poor Laws that condemned the poor, sick, and vulnerable to appalling degradation, leaving people to starve. In London alone in 1866 there were 21,500 patients with no trained nurses. But his influence could be profound. In 1874, he criticised Florence's impending Report of Land Tenure in India to the extent that it was never published, because she "could lose influence".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015477_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015477-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the midst of other labours, Jowett had been quietly exerting his influence so as to conciliate all shades of liberal opinion, and bring them to bear upon the abolition of the theological test, which was still required for the <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts_(Oxbridge)" class="mw-redirect" title="Master of Arts (Oxbridge)">M.A.</a> and other degrees, as well as for university and college offices. He spoke upon this question at an important meeting in London on 10 June 1864, which laid the ground for the <a href="/wiki/Universities_Tests_Act_1871" title="Universities Tests Act 1871">Universities Tests Act 1871</a>. Directly after, as Master of Balliol College, he made the college "a sort of heaven on earth".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The liberal reforms to college commenced radical scientific enquiries into the nature of man's existence, questioning on the basis of empirical data the meaning of Christianity and its very existence. The shock waves reverberated through the liberal establishment, into the founding of the Labour Party and the New Liberalism of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">Great War</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fotoreproductie_van_een_tekening,_voorstellende_John_Colenso,_professor_Jowett_en_professor_Mansel_in_de_allegorie_van_de_grot,_RP-F-2001-7-23-12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Fotoreproductie_van_een_tekening%2C_voorstellende_John_Colenso%2C_professor_Jowett_en_professor_Mansel_in_de_allegorie_van_de_grot%2C_RP-F-2001-7-23-12.jpg/220px-Fotoreproductie_van_een_tekening%2C_voorstellende_John_Colenso%2C_professor_Jowett_en_professor_Mansel_in_de_allegorie_van_de_grot%2C_RP-F-2001-7-23-12.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Fotoreproductie_van_een_tekening%2C_voorstellende_John_Colenso%2C_professor_Jowett_en_professor_Mansel_in_de_allegorie_van_de_grot%2C_RP-F-2001-7-23-12.jpg/330px-Fotoreproductie_van_een_tekening%2C_voorstellende_John_Colenso%2C_professor_Jowett_en_professor_Mansel_in_de_allegorie_van_de_grot%2C_RP-F-2001-7-23-12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Fotoreproductie_van_een_tekening%2C_voorstellende_John_Colenso%2C_professor_Jowett_en_professor_Mansel_in_de_allegorie_van_de_grot%2C_RP-F-2001-7-23-12.jpg/440px-Fotoreproductie_van_een_tekening%2C_voorstellende_John_Colenso%2C_professor_Jowett_en_professor_Mansel_in_de_allegorie_van_de_grot%2C_RP-F-2001-7-23-12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2888" data-file-height="2619" /></a><figcaption><i>The Allegory of the Cave</i> -caricature with <a href="/wiki/John_Colenso" title="John Colenso">John Colenso</a>, Jowett and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Longueville_Mansel" title="Henry Longueville Mansel">Henry Longueville Mansel</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In connection with the Greek professorship, Jowett had undertaken a work on <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> which grew into a complete translation of the <i>Dialogues</i> with introductory essays, for which Florence Nightingale's criticism was gratefully received.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge201538_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge201538-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this he laboured in vacation time for at least ten years. He argued that platonic love between men was devoid of sexual activity, though <a href="/wiki/Walter_Pater" title="Walter Pater">Walter Pater</a> would later disagree.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He showed no interest in offering his own opinion on God or theology in his translations, in several editions, of Plato's works. The educated middle-classes were looking for an answer to how Plato could be relevant to Victorians. But his interest in theology had not abated, and his thoughts found an outlet in occasional preaching. The university pulpit, indeed, was closed to him, but several congregations in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> delighted in his sermons, and from 1866 until the year of his death he preached annually in <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>, where Stanley had become Dean in 1863. Three volumes of selected sermons were published posthumously. The years 1865–70 were occupied with assiduous teaching and writing. </p><p>Amongst his pupils at Balliol were men destined to high positions in the state, whose parents had thus shown their confidence in the supposed heretic, and gratitude on this account was added to other motives for his unsparing efforts in tuition. <a href="/wiki/Robert_Scott_(Balliol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Scott (Balliol)">Robert Scott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Master_(college)" class="mw-redirect" title="Master (college)">Master</a> of Balliol College, was promoted to the deanery of <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Kent" title="Rochester, Kent">Rochester</a> in 1870, and Jowett, finally after years of trying, was elected to the vacant Mastership by the fellows of Balliol. Jowett attributed this arrangement to his liberal friend <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lowe,_1st_Viscount_Sherbrooke" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Lowe, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke">Robert Lowe</a>, afterwards Lord Sherbrooke (at that time a member of <a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">Gladstone's</a> ministry). From the vantage-ground of this long-coveted position, the Plato was published in 1871. It had a great and well-deserved success. While scholars criticized particular renderings (and there were many small errors to be removed in subsequent editions), it was generally agreed that he had succeeded in making Plato an English classic. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rossetti-4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4d/Rossetti-4.jpg/220px-Rossetti-4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4d/Rossetti-4.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="452" /></a><figcaption>Benjamin Jowett, by <a href="/wiki/Max_Beerbohm" title="Max Beerbohm">Max Beerbohm</a>, 1922</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1866, his authority in Balliol had been paramount, and various reforms in college had been due to his initiative. The opposing minority were now powerless, and the younger fellows who had been his pupils were more inclined to follow him than others would have been. There was no obstacle to the continued exercise of his firm and reasonable will. He still knew the undergraduates individually, and watched their progress with a vigilant eye. His influence in the university was less assured. The pulpit of <a href="/wiki/University_Church_of_St_Mary_the_Virgin" title="University Church of St Mary the Virgin">St Mary's</a>, the university church, was no longer closed to him, but the success of Balliol in the schools gave rise to jealousy in other colleges, and old prejudices did not suddenly give way; while a new movement in favour of "the endowment of research" ran counter to his immediate purposes. </p><p>Meanwhile, the tutorships in other colleges, and some of the headships also, were being filled with Balliol men, and Jowett's former pupils were prominent in both houses of parliament and at the bar. He continued the practice, which he had commenced in 1848, of taking with him a small party of undergraduates in vacation time, and working with them in one of his favourite haunts, at <a href="/wiki/Askrigg" title="Askrigg">Askrigg</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wensleydale" title="Wensleydale">Wensleydale</a>, or Tummel Bridget or later at <a href="/wiki/West_Malvern" title="West Malvern">West Malvern</a>. Included in this list was <a href="/wiki/Abel_Hendy_Jones_Greenidge" class="mw-redirect" title="Abel Hendy Jones Greenidge">Abel Hendy Jones Greenidge</a> who became recognised as equal to the great classical scholar <a href="/wiki/Theodor_Mommsen" title="Theodor Mommsen">Theodor Mommsen</a>. The new hall (1876), the organ there, entirely his gift (1835) and the <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> ground (1889), remain as external monuments of the master's activity. Neither business nor the many claims of friendship interrupted literary work. The six or seven weeks of the long vacation, during which he had pupils with him, were mainly employed in writing. The translation of <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>'s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/aristotlespoliti00arisuoft"><i>Politics</i></a>, the revision of Plato, and, above all, the translation of <a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a> many times revised, occupied several years. The edition of the <i>Republic</i>, undertaken in 1856, remained unfinished, but was continued with the help of Professor <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Campbell_(classicist)" title="Lewis Campbell (classicist)">Lewis Campbell</a>. </p><p>Other literary plans were not to take effect – an <i>Essay on the Religions of the World</i>, a <i>Commentary on the Gospels</i>, a <i>Life of Christ</i>, a volume on <i>Moral Ideas</i>. Such plans were frustrated, not only by his practical avocations, but by his determination to finish what he had begun, and the fastidious self-criticism which it took so long to satisfy. The book on <i>Morals</i> might, however, have been written but for the heavy burden of the <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_(education)" title="Chancellor (education)">vice-chancellorship</a>, which he was induced to accept in 1882,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by the hope, only partially fulfilled, of securing many improvements for Oxford University. The <a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Chancellor">Vice-Chancellor</a> was <i>ex officio</i> a delegate of the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, where he hoped to effect much; and a plan for draining the <a href="/wiki/Thames_Valley" title="Thames Valley">Thames Valley</a>, which he had now the power of initiating, was one on which his mind had dwelt for many years. </p><p>However, one plan that certainly came to fruition to great applause was the co-operation with Florence Nightingale to bring a lecture tour to Oxford for undergraduates training in the agricultural sciences for the Indian Civil Service. It was supported by economist Arnold Toynbee, also at Balliol, and W R Robertson, Principal of Madras Agricultural College. For the first time, Indians would receive a proper education in the technical aspects of forestry and farming.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015494_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015494-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life_and_death">Later life and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later life and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_B._Jowett.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Portrait_of_B._Jowett.jpg/230px-Portrait_of_B._Jowett.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Portrait_of_B._Jowett.jpg/345px-Portrait_of_B._Jowett.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Portrait_of_B._Jowett.jpg/460px-Portrait_of_B._Jowett.jpg 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="925" /></a><figcaption>Benjamin Jowett</figcaption></figure> <p>The exhausting labours of the vice-chancellorship were followed by illness (1887);<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after this he relinquished the hope of producing any great original writing. His literary industry was thenceforth confined to a commentary on the <i>Republic</i> of Plato, and some essays on <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> which were to have formed a companion volume to the translation of the <i>Politics</i>. The essays which should have accompanied the translation of <a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a> were never written. Jowett, who never married, died on 1 October 1893 in Oxford.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The funeral was one of the most impressive ever seen in that city. The pall-bearers were seven heads of colleges and the provost of <a href="/wiki/Eton_College" title="Eton College">Eton</a>, all old pupils. </p><p>Theologian, tutor, university reformer, renowned Master of an Oxford college, Jowett's best claim to the remembrance of succeeding generations was his greatness as a <a href="/wiki/Morality" title="Morality">moral</a> teacher. Many of the most prominent Englishmen of the day were his pupils and owed much of what they were to his precept and example, his penetrative sympathy, his insistent criticism, and his unwearying friendship. Seldom have ideal aims been so steadily pursued with so clear a recognition of practical limitations. "Dear (tho perfidious) Professor" Jowett's theological work was transitional; yet has an element of permanence, "Mr Jowett put as much of his genius into Plato as Plato did into Mr Jowett', eulogised Florence Nightingale on her old friend.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015393_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015393-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> As has been said of another thinker, he was "one of those deeply religious men who, when crude theological notions are being revised and called in question seek to put new life into theology by wider and more humane ideas." In earlier life he had been a zealous student of <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Georg_Wilhelm_Friedrich_Hegel" title="Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel">G. W. F. Hegel</a>, and to the end he never ceased to cultivate the philosophic spirit; but he had little confidence in metaphysical systems, and sought rather to translate philosophy into the wisdom of life. As a classical scholar, his scorn of littlenesses sometimes led him into the neglect of minutiae, but he had the higher merit of interpreting ideas. A well-known <a href="/wiki/Balliol_rhyme" title="Balliol rhyme">Balliol rhyme</a> about him runs:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Here come I, my name is Jowett.<br />All there is to know I know it.<br />I am Master of this College,<br />What I don't know isn't knowledge!</p></blockquote> <p>Jowett is buried in <a href="/wiki/St_Sepulchre%27s_Cemetery" title="St Sepulchre's Cemetery">St Sepulchre's Cemetery</a> off <a href="/wiki/Walton_Street,_Oxford" title="Walton Street, Oxford">Walton Street</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBenjamin_Jowett1881" class="citation book cs1">Benjamin Jowett (1881). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/a609583001thucuoft"><i>Thucydides Translated into English</i></a>. Vol. 1. Clarendon Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thucydides+Translated+into+English&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1881&rft.au=Benjamin+Jowett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fa609583001thucuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenjamin_Jowett1881" class="citation book cs1">Benjamin Jowett (1881). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/a609583002thucuoft"><i>Thucydides Translated into English</i></a>. Vol. 2. Clarendon Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Thucydides+Translated+into+English&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1881&rft.au=Benjamin+Jowett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fa609583002thucuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenjamin_Jowett1892" class="citation book cs1">Benjamin Jowett (1892). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oll.libertyfund.org/title/plato-the-dialogues-of-plato-in-5-vols-jowett-ed"><i>The Dialogues of Plato, in 5 vols 3rd edition revised and corrected</i></a>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dialogues+of+Plato%2C+in+5+vols+3rd+edition+revised+and+corrected&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1892&rft.au=Benjamin+Jowett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foll.libertyfund.org%2Ftitle%2Fplato-the-dialogues-of-plato-in-5-vols-jowett-ed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jowett_Walk" title="Jowett Walk">Jowett Walk</a> in central Oxford is named after him.</li> <li>He appears as "Dr Jenkinson" in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic_(novel)" title="The New Republic (novel)">The New Republic</a></i>, by <a href="/wiki/William_Hurrell_Mallock" title="William Hurrell Mallock">William Hurrell Mallock</a>.</li> <li>Jowett appears briefly as a character in <a href="/wiki/Louis_Auchincloss" title="Louis Auchincloss">Louis Auchincloss</a>'s novel <i>The Rector of Justin</i> (1964).</li> <li>Jowett also appears as a minor character in <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stoppard" title="Tom Stoppard">Tom Stoppard</a>'s play <i><a href="/wiki/The_Invention_of_Love" title="The Invention of Love">The Invention of Love</a></i> (1997).</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Jowett" title="The Great Jowett">The Great Jowett</a></i> was a 1939 radio play based on his life, written by Graham Greene.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/31px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/47px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/62px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Translation#History" title="Translation">History of translation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> from a Gentleman's Pocket Daily Companion, 1877, BL 45847, was one of the few that survived Nightingale's executors; and perhaps as unreliable as Margot Tennant's <i>Autobiography</i> (1920), p. 75</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/green/">Thomas Hill Green – Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Letter of <a href="/wiki/C._S._Lewis" title="C. S. Lewis">C. S. Lewis</a> from <a href="/wiki/Keble_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Keble College">Keble College</a>, July 22, 1917: "...Jowett (here usually pronounced to rhyme with 'poet')..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/jowett">"Jowett"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Collins_English_Dictionary" title="Collins English Dictionary">Collins English Dictionary</a> – Complete and Unabridged 10th Edition</i>, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, E.A. (1882). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/fortnightlyrevi00moregoog#page/n247/mode/2up">"Jowett's Thucydides,"</a> <i>The Fortnightly Review,</i> Vol. XXXIX, pp. 273–292.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalter,_H._E.Lobel,_Mary_D.1954" class="citation book cs1">Salter, H. E.; Lobel, Mary D., eds. (1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=63873">"Balliol College"</a>. <i>A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 3: The University of Oxford</i>. <a href="/wiki/Victoria_County_History" title="Victoria County History">Victoria County History</a>. pp. 82–95<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Balliol+College&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+County+of+Oxford%3A+Volume+3%3A+The+University+of+Oxford&rft.pages=82-95&rft.pub=Victoria+County+History&rft.date=1954&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Freport.aspx%3Fcompid%3D63873&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.balliol.ox.ac.uk/Modern%20Papers/Jowett/jowett-intro5.asp"><i>Balliol College Archives & Manuscripts</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015390-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015390_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBostridge2015">Bostridge 2015</a>, p. 390.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge20158-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge20158_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBostridge2015">Bostridge 2015</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jowett Letters, p. 163, n3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">see Bostridge's narrative, arguments and quoting of Sorabji, India Calling, (1934), p. 32; Cook, Life of Florence Nightingale contradicted the story that he was ever good for her. (1971)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtherstone2003" class="citation journal cs1">Atherstone, Andrew (2003). "Benjamin Jowett's Pauline Commentary: An Atonement Controversy". <i>The Journal of Theological Studies</i>. <b>LIV</b> (1): 139–153. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjts%2F54.1.139">10.1093/jts/54.1.139</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23968970">23968970</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Theological+Studies&rft.atitle=Benjamin+Jowett%27s+Pauline+Commentary%3A+An+Atonement+Controversy&rft.volume=LIV&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=139-153&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjts%2F54.1.139&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23968970%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Atherstone&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015369–372-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015369–372_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBostridge2015">Bostridge 2015</a>, pp. 369–372.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015389–390-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015389–390_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBostridge2015">Bostridge 2015</a>, pp. 389–390.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jowett to Nightingale, 30 Jan 1870, Letters, p. 184</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jowett Letters, p. 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015477-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015477_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBostridge2015">Bostridge 2015</a>, p. 477.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jowett Letters, xxvi-xxvii</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge201538-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge201538_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBostridge2015">Bostridge 2015</a>, p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWindschuttle1998" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Keith_Windschuttle" title="Keith Windschuttle">Windschuttle, Keith</a> (September 1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080720001606/http://www.sydneyline.com/Higher%20Sodomy.htm">"The Remains of the Gay"</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Australian%27s_Review_of_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Australian's Review of Books (page does not exist)">The Australian's Review of Books</a></i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sydneyline.com/Higher%20Sodomy.htm">the original</a> on 20 July 2008</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Australian%27s+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=The+Remains+of+the+Gay&rft.date=1998-09&rft.aulast=Windschuttle&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sydneyline.com%2FHigher%2520Sodomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ox.ac.uk/about/organisation/university-officers/vice-chancellor/previous-Vice-Chancellors">"Previous Vice-Chancellors"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>, UK<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Previous+Vice-Chancellors&rft.pub=University+of+Oxford%2C+UK&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ox.ac.uk%2Fabout%2Forganisation%2Funiversity-officers%2Fvice-chancellor%2Fprevious-Vice-Chancellors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015494-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015494_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBostridge2015">Bostridge 2015</a>, p. 494.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/archive/article/1886-10-11/7/5.html?region=global#start%3D1885-12-31%26end%3D1886-12-31%26terms%3D%20James%20Bellamy%26back%3D/tto/archive/find/+James+Bellamy/w:1885-12-31%7E1886-12-31/o:date/5%26prev%3D/tto/archive/frame/goto/+James+Bellamy/w:1885-12-31%7E1886-12-31/o:date/40%26next%3D/tto/archive/frame/goto/+James+Bellamy/w:1885-12-31%7E1886-12-31/o:date/42">The Sunday Times</a> (Subscription required)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/archive/article/1893-10-02/6/1.html?region=global#start%3D1892-12-31%26end%3D1893-12-31%26terms%3Djowett%26back%3D/tto/archive/find/jowett/w:1892-12-31%7E1893-12-31/o:date/3%26prev%3D/tto/archive/frame/goto/jowett/w:1892-12-31%7E1893-12-31/o:date/20%26next%3D/tto/archive/frame/goto/jowett/w:1892-12-31%7E1893-12-31/o:date/22">The Sunday Times</a> (Subscription required)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodwin1893–94" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-year-range-abbreviated">Goodwin, William W. (1893–94). "Benjamin Jowett". <i>Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences</i>. <b>XXIX</b>: 460–462. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20020575">20020575</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&rft.atitle=Benjamin+Jowett&rft.volume=XXIX&rft.pages=460-462&rft.date=1893%2F1894&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20020575%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Goodwin&rft.aufirst=William+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nightingale to Jowett, 7 Aug 1871, Letters, p. 213</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015393-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBostridge2015393_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBostridge2015">Bostridge 2015</a>, p. 393.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbott,_EvelynLewis_Campbell1899" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Abbott" title="Evelyn Abbott">Abbott, Evelyn</a> & <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Campbell_(classicist)" title="Lewis Campbell (classicist)">Lewis Campbell</a> (1899) [1897]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/a544604101abbouoft"><i>The Life and Letters of Benjamin Jowett, M.A., Master of Balliol College, Oxford, a supplement</i></a>. Vol. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifeandlettersof001286mbp">Vol. 1</a>&#x20, at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lettersofbenjami00jowe">Vol. 2</a>&#x20, at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Letters+of+Benjamin+Jowett%2C+M.A.%2C+Master+of+Balliol+College%2C+Oxford%2C+a+supplement&rft.date=1899&rft.au=Abbott%2C+Evelyn&rft.au=Lewis+Campbell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fa544604101abbouoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code"><code class="cs1-code">|volume=</code></code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li>John Bibby: <i>HOTS: History of Teaching Statistics</i> for original documents.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBostridge2015" class="citation book cs1">Bostridge, Mark (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OsCiBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA390"><i>Florence Nightingale: The Woman and Her Legend</i></a>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-193080-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-14-193080-0"><bdi>978-0-14-193080-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Florence+Nightingale%3A+The+Woman+and+Her+Legend&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-14-193080-0&rft.aulast=Bostridge&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOsCiBgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA390&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFaber,_Geoffrey1958" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Faber" title="Geoffrey Faber">Faber, Geoffrey</a> (1958). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/principlesscien00jevogoog"><i>Jowett: A Portrait with Background</i></a>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jowett%3A+A+Portrait+with+Background&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1958&rft.au=Faber%2C+Geoffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprinciplesscien00jevogoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHinchliff1987" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hinchliff" title="Peter Hinchliff">Hinchliff, Peter Bingham</a> (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ifTUhFilkmYC"><i>Benjamin Jowett and the Christian Religion</i></a>. Clarendon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-826688-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-826688-4"><bdi>978-0-19-826688-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Benjamin+Jowett+and+the+Christian+Religion&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-19-826688-4&rft.aulast=Hinchliff&rft.aufirst=Peter+Bingham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DifTUhFilkmYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen1898" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Stephen" title="Leslie Stephen">Stephen, Leslie</a> (1898). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:en:Studies of a Biographer/Jowett's Life"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/en:Studies_of_a_Biographer/Jowett%27s_Life">"Jowett's Life" </a></span>. <i>Studies of a Biographer</i>. Vol. 2. Duckworth & Co. pp. 123–159.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Jowett%27s+Life&rft.btitle=Studies+of+a+Biographer&rft.pages=123-159&rft.pub=Duckworth+%26+Co.&rft.date=1898&rft.aulast=Stephen&rft.aufirst=Leslie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTollemache1895" class="citation book cs1">Tollemache, Lionel Arthur (1895). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/benjaminjowettma00tolluoft"><i>Benjamin Jowett, Master of Balliol</i></a>. London: Edward Arnold.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Benjamin+Jowett%2C+Master+of+Balliol&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Edward+Arnold&rft.date=1895&rft.aulast=Tollemache&rft.aufirst=Lionel+Arthur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbenjaminjowettma00tolluoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Jowett,_Benjamin" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Jowett, Benjamin">Jowett, Benjamin</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Jowett%2C+Benjamin&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJosef_L._Altholz,_Professor_of_History,_University_of_Minnesota1976" class="citation web cs1">Josef L. Altholz, Professor of History, University of Minnesota (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianweb.org/religion/altholz/a2.html">"The Warfare of Conscience with Theology"</a>. <i>The Mind and Art of Victorian England</i>. VictorianWeb.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Mind+and+Art+of+Victorian+England&rft.atitle=The+Warfare+of+Conscience+with+Theology&rft.date=1976&rft.au=Josef+L.+Altholz%2C+Professor+of+History%2C+University+of+Minnesota&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.victorianweb.org%2Freligion%2Faltholz%2Fa2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._197–208" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Anthony_Baumann" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Anthony Baumann">Baumann, Arthur A.</a> (1927). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3660755;view=1up;seq=219"><i>Benjamin Jowett and The Last Victorians</i></a>. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Benjamin+Jowett+and+The+Last+Victorians&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=J.B.+Lippincott+Company&rft.date=1927&rft.au=Baumann%2C+Arthur+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Duc1.b3660755%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._40–47" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Caird" title="Edward Caird">Caird, Edward</a> (1897). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000099664504;view=1up;seq=52">"Professor Jowett"</a>. <i>International Journal of Ethics</i>. <b>VIII</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Ethics&rft.atitle=Professor+Jowett&rft.volume=VIII&rft.date=1897&rft.au=Caird%2C+Edward&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Dinu.30000099664504%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._401–419" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_White_Chadwick" title="John White Chadwick">Chadwick, John White</a> (1897). "Benjamin Jowett". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3078990;view=1up;seq=411"><i>The New World</i></a>. Vol. VI. Houghton, Mifflin and Co. etc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Benjamin+Jowett&rft.btitle=The+New+World&rft.pub=Houghton%2C+Mifflin+and+Co.+etc.&rft.date=1897&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+John+White&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Duc1.b3078990%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._437–481" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Martin_Fairbairn" title="Andrew Martin Fairbairn">Fairbairn, A.M.</a> (1899). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/catholicismroman00fair_0#page/436/mode/2up">"Oxford and Jowett"</a>. <i>Catholicism: Roman and Anglican</i>. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Catholicism%3A+Roman+and+Anglican&rft.atitle=Oxford+and+Jowett&rft.date=1899&rft.au=Fairbairn%2C+A.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fcatholicismroman00fair_0%23page%2F436%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._481–492" class="citation journal cs1">Hinchliff, Peter (1991). "Benjamin Jowett in Myth and History". <i>Anglican and Episcopal History</i>. <b>LX</b> (4).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anglican+and+Episcopal+History&rft.atitle=Benjamin+Jowett+in+Myth+and+History&rft.volume=LX&rft.issue=4&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Hinchliff&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunt,_John1896" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Hunt_(theologian)" title="John Hunt (theologian)">Hunt, John</a> (1896). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/a588116200huntuoft#page/n5/mode/2up"><i>Religious Thought in England in the Nineteenth Century</i></a>. London: Gibbings & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religious+Thought+in+England+in+the+Nineteenth+Century&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Gibbings+%26+Co.&rft.date=1896&rft.au=Hunt%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fa588116200huntuoft%23page%2Fn5%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._114–127" class="citation journal cs1">Knickerbocker, William S. (1925). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150418064326/http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015030935384;view=1up;seq=130">"Benjamin Jowett"</a>. <i>Creative Oxford: Its Influence in Victorian Literature</i>. Syracuse, N.Y. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015030935384;view=1up;seq=130">the original</a> on 18 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Creative+Oxford%3A+Its+Influence+in+Victorian+Literature&rft.atitle=Benjamin+Jowett&rft.date=1925&rft.aulast=Knickerbocker&rft.aufirst=William+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Dmdp.39015030935384%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._157–168" class="citation journal cs1">Livingston, James C. (1989). "Tennyson, Jowett, and the Chinese Buddhist Pilgrims". <i>Victorian Poetry</i>. <b>XXVII</b> (2).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Victorian+Poetry&rft.atitle=Tennyson%2C+Jowett%2C+and+the+Chinese+Buddhist+Pilgrims&rft.volume=XXVII&rft.issue=2&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Livingston&rft.aufirst=James+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._264–268" class="citation journal cs1">McComb, Samuel (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150418064327/http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89077076321;view=1up;seq=26">"Benjamin Jowett and Biblical Studies in England"</a>. <i>The Homiletic Review</i>. <b>LVIII</b> (4). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89077076321;view=1up;seq=26">the original</a> on 18 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Homiletic+Review&rft.atitle=Benjamin+Jowett+and+Biblical+Studies+in+England&rft.volume=LVIII&rft.issue=4&rft.date=1909&rft.aulast=McComb&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Dwu.89077076321%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._205–216" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Shorey" title="Paul Shorey">Shorey, Paul</a> (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150418064324/http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3064914;view=1up;seq=219">"Benjamin Jowett, Teacher, Platonist and Scholar"</a>. <i>The Chautauquan</i>. <b>XLVI</b>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3064914;view=1up;seq=219">the original</a> on 18 April 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chautauquan&rft.atitle=Benjamin+Jowett%2C+Teacher%2C+Platonist+and+Scholar&rft.volume=XLVI&rft.date=1907&rft.au=Shorey%2C+Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Duc1.b3064914%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/94">Works by Benjamin Jowett</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Jowett%2C%20Benjamin%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Benjamin%20Jowett%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Jowett%2C%20Benjamin%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Benjamin%20Jowett%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Jowett%2C%20B%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Benjamin%20Jowett%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Jowett%2C%20Benjamin%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Benjamin%20Jowett%22%29%20OR%20%28%221817-1893%22%20AND%20Jowett%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Benjamin Jowett</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/authors/OL1071066A">Works</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org">Open Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/6459">Works by Benjamin Jowett</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stsepulchres.org.uk/burials/jowett_benjamin.html">Grave of Benjamin Jowett in St Sepulchre's Cemetery, Oxford, with biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/search?category=books&qu=benjamin+jowett">Works at Christian Classics Ethereal Library</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/c/F53082">"Archival material relating to Benjamin Jowett"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">UK National Archives</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archival+material+relating+to+Benjamin+Jowett&rft.pub=UK+National+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fc%2FF53082&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABenjamin+Jowett" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817565#P3029" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.balliol.ox.ac.uk/Modern%20Papers/Jowett/jowett-contents.asp">Catalogue of the Jowett Papers</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.balliol.ox.ac.uk/Archives/archivesmss.asp">Balliol College Archives & Manuscripts</a>, University of Oxford</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person.php?LinkID=mp02466">Portraits of Benjamin Jowett</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery,_London" title="National Portrait Gallery, London">National Portrait Gallery, London</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817565#P1816" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DAA520;">Academic offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Scott_(Balliol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Scott (Balliol)">Robert Scott</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Masters_of_Balliol_College,_Oxford" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Masters of Balliol College, Oxford">Master of Balliol College, Oxford</a> </b><br />1870–1893 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Caird" title="Edward Caird">Edward Caird</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Evan_Evans_(academic)" title="Evan Evans (academic)">Evan Evans</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Vice-Chancellor_of_Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University">Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University</a> </b><br />1882–1886 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Bellamy_(vice-chancellor)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Bellamy (vice-chancellor)">James Bellamy</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output 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Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000081553635">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/74653372">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/18810/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJrWFyJctCkMtCJt6WdCwC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118985094">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50062804">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12108885z">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12108885z">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35255211">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=skuk0003307&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1326780">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1547272">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068360126">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90509862">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000138237&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000138630&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=166827">Greece</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=248626">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199614242">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/wt7bhnxf31bqkps">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810538424605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/127541">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007263496005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02279281?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Benjamin Jowett"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/7e9dc7b3-1490-40ad-ba25-24a4dc05e529">MusicBrainz</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/884214">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118985094.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118985094">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029467160">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6d51354">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Masters_of_Balliol_College,_Oxford" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FFFFFF; border-bottom: #7F1734 5px solid; border-top: #7F1734 5px solid;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Masters_of_Balliol_College,_Oxford" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Masters of Balliol College, Oxford"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Masters_of_Balliol_College,_Oxford" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Masters_of_Balliol_College,_Oxford" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Masters of Balliol College, Oxford">Masters of Balliol College, Oxford</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_de_Fodringeye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter de Fodringeye (page does not exist)">Walter de Fodringeye</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_de_Warkenby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh de Warkenby (page does not exist)">Hugh de Warkenby</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_de_Cornubia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen de Cornubia (page does not exist)">Stephen de Cornubia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_de_Chickwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard de Chickwell (page does not exist)">Richard de Chickwell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Waldeby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas de Waldeby (page does not exist)">Thomas de Waldeby</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_de_Seton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry de Seton (page does not exist)">Henry de Seton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_de_Luceby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas de Luceby (page does not exist)">Nicholas de Luceby</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Poclynton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Poclynton (page does not exist)">John Poclynton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_Corbrygge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh Corbrygge (page does not exist)">Hugh Corbrygge</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_de_Derby&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert de Derby (page does not exist)">Robert de Derby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wycliffe" title="John Wycliffe">John Wycliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Hugate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Hugate (page does not exist)">John Hugate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Tyrwhit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Tyrwhit (page does not exist)">Thomas Tyrwhit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hamond_Haskman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hamond Haskman (page does not exist)">Hamond Haskman</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lambert_(master)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Lambert (master) (page does not exist)">William Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Chace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Chace (page does not exist)">Thomas Chace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Burley" title="Robert Burley">Robert Burley</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Stapilton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Stapilton (page does not exist)">Richard Stapilton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Brandon_(master)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Brandon (master) (page does not exist)">William Brandon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Twaytes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Twaytes (page does not exist)">Robert Twaytes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Lambton_(master)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Lambton (master) (page does not exist)">William Lambton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Segden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Segden (page does not exist)">John Segden</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Abdy_(master)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Abdy (master) (page does not exist)">Robert Abdy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Bell_(master)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Bell (master) (page does not exist)">William Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Barningham" title="Richard Barningham">Richard Barningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cisson" title="Thomas Cisson">Thomas Cisson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Stubbys" title="Richard Stubbys">Richard Stubbys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_White_(master)" title="William White (master)">William White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cotes" title="George Cotes">George Coote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wright_(master)" title="William Wright (master)">William Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brooks_(bishop)" title="James Brooks (bishop)">James Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wright_(master)" title="William Wright (master)">William Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Babington" title="Francis Babington">Francis Babington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Garnet" title="Antony Garnet">Antony Garnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hooper_(master)" title="Robert Hooper (master)">Robert Hooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Piers" title="John Piers">John Piers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Squier" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam Squier">Adam Squier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Lilly_(academic_administrator)" title="Edmund Lilly (academic administrator)">Edmund Lilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Abbots" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Abbots">Robert Abbots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Parkhurst_(master)" title="John Parkhurst (master)">John Parkhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Laurence" title="Thomas Laurence">Thomas Laurence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bradshaw_(master)" title="George Bradshaw (master)">George Bradshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Savage" title="Henry Savage">Henry Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Good" title="Thomas Good">Thomas Good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Venn_(academic)" title="John Venn (academic)">John Venn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Mander" title="Roger Mander">Roger Mander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baron_(master)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Baron (master)">John Baron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hunt_(Balliol_College)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Hunt (Balliol College)">Joseph Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_Leigh" title="Theophilus Leigh">Theophilus Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Davey_(master)" title="John Davey (master)">John Davey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Parsons_(bishop)" title="John Parsons (bishop)">John Parsons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Jenkyns" title="Richard Jenkyns">Richard Jenkyns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Scott_(philologist)" title="Robert Scott (philologist)">Robert Scott</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benjamin Jowett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Caird" title="Edward Caird">Edward Caird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Strachan-Davidson" title="James Strachan-Davidson">James Strachan-Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lionel_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Lionel Smith">Arthur Lionel Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dunlop_Lindsay" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Dunlop Lindsay">Alexander Dunlop Lindsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lindsay_Keir" class="mw-redirect" title="David Lindsay Keir">David Lindsay Keir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hill_(historian)" title="Christopher Hill (historian)">Christopher Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kenny" title="Anthony Kenny">Sir Anthony Kenny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg" title="Baruch Samuel Blumberg">Baruch Blumberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Renshaw_Lucas" class="mw-redirect" title="Colin Renshaw Lucas">Colin Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Graham_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew Graham (academic)">Andrew Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Drummond_Bone" class="mw-redirect" title="James Drummond Bone">Drummond Bone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Ghosh" title="Helen Ghosh">Helen Ghosh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vice-Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Oxford" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vice-Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Template:Vice-Chancellors of the University of Oxford"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vice-Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Template talk:Vice-Chancellors of the University of Oxford"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vice-Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Oxford" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vice-Chancellors of the University of Oxford"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vice-Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Oxford" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice-Chancellors_of_the_University_of_Oxford" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Vice-Chancellors of the University of Oxford">Vice-Chancellors of the University of Oxford</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">13th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1230 <a href="/wiki/Elyas_de_Daneis" title="Elyas de Daneis">Elyas de Daneis</a></li> <li>1270 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Steeton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Steeton (page does not exist)">Robert Steeton</a></li> <li>1288 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Heigham_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Heigham (academic) (page does not exist)">John Heigham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">14th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1304 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Oseworhd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Oseworhd (page does not exist)">John de Oseworhd</a></li> <li>1311 <a href="/wiki/Walter_Giffard_(Oxford)" title="Walter Giffard (Oxford)">Walter Gifford</a></li> <li>1325 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Kamshale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Kamshale (page does not exist)">Richard Kamshale</a></li> <li>1333 <a href="/wiki/Richard_FitzRalph" title="Richard FitzRalph">Richard FitzRalph</a></li> <li>1336 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Ayllesbury&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Ayllesbury (page does not exist)">John de Ayllesbury</a></li> <li>1337 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Reigham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Reigham (page does not exist)">John de Reigham</a></li> <li>1347 <a href="/wiki/Hugh_de_Willoughby" title="Hugh de Willoughby">Hugh de Willoughby</a></li> <li>1348 <a href="/wiki/William_de_Hawkesworth" title="William de Hawkesworth">William de Hawkesworth</a></li> <li>1367 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Codeford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Codeford (page does not exist)">John de Codeford</a></li> <li>1368 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_de_Codeford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John de Codeford (page does not exist)">John de Codeford</a></li> <li>1377 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Aylesham" title="Robert Aylesham">Robert Aylesham</a></li> <li>1382 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fr_Peter_Stokes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fr Peter Stokes (page does not exist)">Fr Peter Stokes</a></li> <li>1386 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Nafford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry Nafford (page does not exist)">Henry Nafford</a> or Yafford</li> <li>1389 <a href="/wiki/John_Lyndon" title="John Lyndon">John Lyndon</a></li> <li>1391 <a href="/wiki/John_Ashwardby" title="John Ashwardby">John Ashwardby</a></li> <li>1394 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Ullerston" title="Richard Ullerston">Richard Ullerston</a></li> <li>1396 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicholas_Faux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicholas Faux (page does not exist)">Nicholas Faux</a></li> <li>1397 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Farendon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Farendon (page does not exist)">William Farendon</a> or Faringdon</li> <li>1399 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Snappe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Snappe (page does not exist)">John Snappe</a> and others</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1401 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Farendon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Farendon (page does not exist)">William Farendon</a></li> <li>1404 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Griffin_Kirkadam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Griffin Kirkadam (page does not exist)">Griffin Kirkadam</a></li> <li>1405 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Farendon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Farendon (page does not exist)">William Farendon</a></li> <li>1406 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Whytehede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Whytehede (page does not exist)">John Whytehede</a></li> <li>1407 <a href="/wiki/John_Orum" title="John Orum">John Orum</a></li> <li>1422 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Daventry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Daventry (page does not exist)">John Daventry</a></li> <li>1426 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Roderham" title="Richard Roderham">Richard Roderham</a></li> <li>1430 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Eglesfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Eglesfield (page does not exist)">Thomas Eglesfield</a></li> <li>1431 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Roderham" title="Richard Roderham">Richard Roderham</a></li> <li>1433 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Burbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Burbach (page does not exist)">John Burbach</a> or Hurbach</li> <li>1434 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gascoigne_(academic)" title="Thomas Gascoigne (academic)">Thomas Gascoigne</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Knolles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher Knolles (page does not exist)">Christopher Knolles</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Burbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Burbach (page does not exist)">John Burbach</a></li> <li>1435 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Burbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Burbach (page does not exist)">John Burbach</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Bonyngworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Bonyngworth (page does not exist)">Thomas Bonyngworth</a></li> <li>1436 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Burbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Burbach (page does not exist)">John Burbach</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Greneley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Greneley (page does not exist)">Thomas Greneley</a></li> <li>1437 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Gorsuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Gorsuch (page does not exist)">John Gorsuch</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Greneley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Greneley (page does not exist)">Thomas Greneley</a></li> <li>1438 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Gorsuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Gorsuch (page does not exist)">John Gorsuch</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Hawtrine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Hawtrine (page does not exist)">William Hawtrine</a></li> <li>1439 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Gorsuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Gorsuch (page does not exist)">John Gorsuch</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Burbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Burbach (page does not exist)">John Burbach</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Southam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Southam (page does not exist)">Thomas Southam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Gascoigne_(academic)" title="Thomas Gascoigne (academic)">Thomas Gascoigne</a></li> <li>1440 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Gorsuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Gorsuch (page does not exist)">John Gorsuch</a></li> <li>1441 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Gorsuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Gorsuch (page does not exist)">John Gorsuch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Thwaits" title="Robert Thwaits">Robert Thwaits</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Babington_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Babington (academic) (page does not exist)">William Babington</a></li> <li>1442 <a href="/wiki/William_Grey_(bishop_of_Ely)" title="William Grey (bishop of Ely)">William Grey</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Babington_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Babington (academic) (page does not exist)">William Babington</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Gorsuch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Gorsuch (page does not exist)">John Gorsuch</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Westkarre" class="mw-redirect" title="William Westkarre">William Westkarre</a></li> <li>1443 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Dowson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Dowson (page does not exist)">William Dowson</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Westkarre" class="mw-redirect" title="William Westkarre">William Westkarre</a></li> <li>1444 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Dowson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Dowson (page does not exist)">William Dowson</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Hall_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Hall (academic) (page does not exist)">Richard Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Westkarre" class="mw-redirect" title="William Westkarre">William Westkarre</a></li> <li>1445 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Dowson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Dowson (page does not exist)">William Dowson</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Selot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Selot (page does not exist)">John Selot</a></li> <li>1446 <a href="/wiki/William_Westkarre" class="mw-redirect" title="William Westkarre">William Westkarre</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Moreton_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Moreton (academic) (page does not exist)">John Moreton</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Dowson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Dowson (page does not exist)">William Dowson</a></li> <li>1447 <a href="/wiki/John_Burneby" title="John Burneby">John Burneby</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Dowson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Dowson (page does not exist)">William Dowson</a></li> <li>1448 <a href="/wiki/John_Burneby" title="John Burneby">John Burneby</a></li> <li>1449 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Willey_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Willey (academic) (page does not exist)">John Willey</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Burneby" title="John Burneby">John Burneby</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Dowson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Dowson (page does not exist)">William Dowson</a></li> <li>1450 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Ringstede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Ringstede (page does not exist)">Richard Ringstede</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Beke_(academic_administrator)" title="John Beke (academic administrator)">John Beke</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Bulkeley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Bulkeley (page does not exist)">Roger Bulkeley</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Van&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Van (page does not exist)">John Van</a></li> <li>1451 <a href="/wiki/John_Beke_(academic_administrator)" title="John Beke (academic administrator)">John Beke</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Van&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Van (page does not exist)">John Van</a></li> <li>1452 <a href="/wiki/John_Beke_(academic_administrator)" title="John Beke (academic administrator)">John Beke</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Tweyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Tweyn (page does not exist)">Thomas Tweyn</a> or Yweyn alias Chalke, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Saunders_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Saunders (academic) (page does not exist)">Thomas Saunders</a></li> <li>1453 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luke_Lacock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luke Lacock (page does not exist)">Luke Lacock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Thwaits" title="Robert Thwaits">Robert Thwaits</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Saunders_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Saunders (academic) (page does not exist)">Thomas Saunders</a></li> <li>1454 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Tweyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Tweyn (page does not exist)">Thomas Tweyn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Saunders_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Saunders (academic) (page does not exist)">Thomas Saunders</a></li> <li>1455 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Twynge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Twynge (page does not exist)">Thomas Twynge</a> alias Bonifaunt</li> <li>1456 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Saunders_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Saunders (academic) (page does not exist)">Thomas Saunders</a></li> <li>1457 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Chippenham_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Chippenham (academic) (page does not exist)">Thomas Chippenham</a></li> <li>1458 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Wynhale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Wynhale (page does not exist)">Walter Wynhale</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Twynge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Twynge (page does not exist)">Thomas Twynge</a></li> <li>1459 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Danvers_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Danvers (academic) (page does not exist)">John Danvers</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Jaune_or_Jane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Jaune or Jane (page does not exist)">Thomas Jaune or Jane</a></li> <li>1460 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Tweyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Tweyn (page does not exist)">Thomas Tweyn</a></li> <li>1461 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Ive_(Vice_Chancellor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Ive (Vice Chancellor) (page does not exist)">William Ive</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Bulkeley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Bulkeley (page does not exist)">Roger Bulkeley</a></li> <li>1462 <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Ive_(Vice_Chancellor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Ive (Vice Chancellor) (page does not exist)">William Ive</a></li> <li>1463 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Watts_(Vice-Chancellor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Watts (Vice-Chancellor) (page does not exist)">John Watts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaundler" title="Thomas Chaundler">Thomas Chaundler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Husband&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Husband (page does not exist)">David Husband</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Mulcaster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Mulcaster (page does not exist)">John Mulcaster</a></li> <li>1464 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laurence_Cokkys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laurence Cokkys (page does not exist)">Laurence Cokkys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaundler" title="Thomas Chaundler">Thomas Chaundler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Bulkeley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Bulkeley (page does not exist)">Roger Bulkeley</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Caldbeck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Caldbeck (page does not exist)">John Caldbeck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Person" title="Thomas Person">Thomas Person</a></li> <li>1465 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Smith_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Smith (academic) (page does not exist)">Thomas Smith</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Ixworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Ixworth (page does not exist)">Robert Ixworth</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Caldbeck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Caldbeck (page does not exist)">John Caldbeck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaundler" title="Thomas Chaundler">Thomas Chaundler</a></li> <li>1466 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaundler" title="Thomas Chaundler">Thomas Chaundler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Caldbeck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Caldbeck (page does not exist)">John Caldbeck</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stevyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Stevyn (page does not exist)">Thomas Stevyn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laurence_Cokkys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laurence Cokkys (page does not exist)">Laurence Cokkys</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Hill_(Oxford)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Hill (Oxford) (page does not exist)">Thomas Hill</a></li> <li>1467 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaundler" title="Thomas Chaundler">Thomas Chaundler</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stevyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Stevyn (page does not exist)">Thomas Stevyn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Walton_(vice-chancellor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Walton (vice-chancellor) (page does not exist)">Thomas Walton</a></li> <li>1468 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stevyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Stevyn (page does not exist)">Thomas Stevyn</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Jaune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Jaune (page does not exist)">Thomas Jaune</a></li> <li>1469 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tulley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Tulley (page does not exist)">Robert Tulley</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Jaune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Jaune (page does not exist)">Thomas Jaune</a></li> <li>1470 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Stevyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Stevyn (page does not exist)">Thomas Stevyn</a></li> <li>1480 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Lane_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Lane (academic) (page does not exist)">John Lane</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Sutton_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Sutton (academic) (page does not exist)">William Sutton</a></li> <li>1481 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Fitzjames" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Fitzjames">Richard Fitzjames</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Sutton_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Sutton (academic) (page does not exist)">William Sutton</a></li> <li>1482 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Wrangwais&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Wrangwais (page does not exist)">Robert Wrangwais</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Sutton_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Sutton (academic) (page does not exist)">William Sutton</a></li> <li>1484 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Mayew" title="Richard Mayew">Richard Mayew</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Pawnton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Pawnton (page does not exist)">Thomas Pawnton</a></li> <li>1485 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Mayew" title="Richard Mayew">Richard Mayew</a></li> <li>1486 <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Taylor_(Oxford)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Taylor (Oxford) (page does not exist)">John Taylor</a></li> <li>1487 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Estmond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Estmond (page does not exist)">Richard Estmond</a></li> <li>1488 <a href="/wiki/John_Coldale" title="John Coldale">John Coldale</a></li> <li>1489 <a href="/wiki/John_Coldale" title="John Coldale">John Coldale</a></li> <li>1490 <a href="/wiki/John_Coldale" title="John Coldale">John Coldale</a></li> <li>1491 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Fitzjames" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Fitzjames">Richard Fitzjames</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Coldale" title="John Coldale">John Coldale</a></li> <li>1492 <a href="/wiki/John_Coldale" title="John Coldale">John Coldale</a></li> <li>1493 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Smith_(Oxford)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Smith (Oxford) (page does not exist)">Robert Smith</a></li> <li>1497 <a href="/wiki/William_Atwater_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Atwater (academic)">William Atwater</a></li> <li>1498 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Harpur_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Harpur (academic) (page does not exist)">Thomas Harpur</a></li> <li>1499 <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Hays_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David Hays (academic) (page does not exist)">David Hays</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Atwater_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Atwater (academic)">William Atwater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chaundeler" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Chaundeler">Thomas Chaundeler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1500 <a href="/wiki/William_Atwater_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Atwater (academic)">William Atwater</a></li> <li>1501 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Banke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Banke (page does not exist)">Thomas Banke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Saunders_(academic)" title="Hugh Saunders (academic)">Hugh Saunders</a> alias Shakspeere</li> <li>1502 <a href="/wiki/William_Atwater_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Atwater (academic)">William Atwater</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Banke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Banke (page does not exist)">Thomas Banke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Saunders_(academic)" title="Hugh Saunders (academic)">Hugh Saunders</a></li> <li>1503 <a href="/wiki/John_Thornden" title="John Thornden">John Thornden</a> or Thornton, <a href="/wiki/John_Kynton" title="John Kynton">John Kynton</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Grene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Grene (page does not exist)">Simon Grene</a> alias Fotherby</li> <li>1504 <a href="/wiki/John_Kynton" title="John Kynton">John Kynton</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Tehy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Tehy (page does not exist)">Robert Tehy</a> or Thay</li> <li>1505 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simon_Grene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simon Grene (page does not exist)">Simon Grene</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Roper_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Roper (academic) (page does not exist)">John Roper</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Adams_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Adams (academic) (page does not exist)">John Adams</a></li> <li>1506 <a href="/wiki/John_Thornden" title="John Thornden">John Thornden</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Fauntleroy" title="William Fauntleroy">William Fauntleroy</a></li> <li>1507 <a href="/wiki/John_Thornden" title="John Thornden">John Thornden</a> or Thornton, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Avery_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Avery (academic) (page does not exist)">John Avery</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Kynton" title="John Kynton">John Kynton</a></li> <li>1508 <a href="/wiki/William_Fauntleroy" title="William Fauntleroy">William Fauntleroy</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Thornden" title="John Thornden">John Thornden</a></li> <li>1509 <a href="/wiki/William_Fauntleroy" title="William Fauntleroy">William Fauntleroy</a></li> <li>1510 <a href="/wiki/John_Thornden" title="John Thornden">John Thornden</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Mychell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Mychell (page does not exist)">John Mychell</a></li> <li>1511 <a href="/wiki/William_Fauntleroy" title="William Fauntleroy">William Fauntleroy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Drax" title="Thomas Drax">Thomas Drax</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Roper_(academic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Roper (academic) (page does not exist)">John Roper</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Cockys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Cockys (page does not exist)">John Cockys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Wylsford" title="Edmund Wylsford">Edmund Wylsford</a></li> <li>1512 <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Wylsford" title="Edmund Wylsford">Edmund Wylsford</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Fauntleroy" title="William Fauntleroy">William Fauntleroy</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Kynton" title="John Kynton">John Kynton</a></li> <li>1513 <a href="/wiki/William_Fauntleroy" title="William Fauntleroy">William Fauntleroy</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Kynton" title="John Kynton">John Kynton</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Thornden" title="John Thornden">John Thornden</a></li> <li>1514 <a href="/wiki/John_Thornden" title="John Thornden">John Thornden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Stubbs" title="Lawrence Stubbs">Lawrence Stubbs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Wylsford" title="Edmund Wylsford">Edmund Wylsford</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_Whytehead&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh Whytehead (page does not exist)">Hugh Whytehead</a></li> <li>1515 <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Wylsford" title="Edmund Wylsford">Edmund Wylsford</a></li> <li>1516 <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Stubbs" title="Lawrence Stubbs">Lawrence Stubbs</a></li> <li>1517 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Duck" title="Richard Duck">Richard Duck</a> or Doke</li> <li>1518 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Duck" title="Richard Duck">Richard Duck</a> or Doke</li> <li>1519 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Barnack" title="Richard Barnack">Richard Barnack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Duck" title="Richard Duck">Richard Duck</a> or Doke</li> <li>1520 <a href="/wiki/William_Broke" title="William Broke">William Broke</a> or Brook, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Benger" title="Richard Benger">Richard Benger</a></li> <li>1521 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Benger" title="Richard Benger">Richard Benger</a></li> <li>1522 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Benger" title="Richard Benger">Richard Benger</a></li> <li>1523 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Musgrave_(academic)" title="Thomas Musgrave (academic)">Thomas Musgrave</a></li> <li>1527 <a href="/wiki/Martin_Lyndsey" title="Martin Lyndsey">Martin Lyndsey</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Cottisford" title="John Cottisford">John Cottisford</a></li> <li>1528 <a href="/wiki/John_Cottisford" title="John Cottisford">John Cottisford</a></li> <li>1531 <a href="/wiki/Henry_White_(academic)" title="Henry White (academic)">Henry White</a></li> <li>1532 <a href="/wiki/John_Cottisford" title="John Cottisford">John Cottisford</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Tresham_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Tresham (academic)">William Tresham</a></li> <li>1547 <a href="/wiki/Walter_Wright_(academic)" title="Walter Wright (academic)">Walter Wright</a></li> <li>1550 <a href="/wiki/William_Tresham_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Tresham (academic)">William Tresham</a></li> <li>1551 <a href="/wiki/Owen_Oglethorpe" title="Owen Oglethorpe">Owen Oglethorpe</a></li> <li>1552 <a href="/wiki/James_Brooks_(bishop)" title="James Brooks (bishop)">James Brookes</a> or Brooks, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Marshall_(Dean)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Marshall (Dean)">Richard Marshall</a></li> <li>1553 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Marshall_(dean)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Marshall (dean)">Richard Marshall</a></li> <li>1554 <a href="/wiki/John_Warner_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Warner (academic)">John Warner</a></li> <li>1555 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Smyth_(Regius_Professor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Smyth (Regius Professor)">Richard Smyth</a></li> <li>1556 <a href="/wiki/William_Tresham_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Tresham (academic)">William Tresham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Raynolds" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Raynolds">Thomas Raynolds</a></li> <li>1557 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Raynolds" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Raynolds">Thomas Raynolds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Whyte_(academic)" title="Thomas Whyte (academic)">Thomas Whyte</a></li> <li>1558 <a href="/wiki/William_Tresham_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Tresham (academic)">William Tresham</a></li> <li>1559 <a href="/wiki/John_Warner_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Warner (academic)">John Warner</a></li> <li>1560 <a href="/wiki/Francis_Babbington" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Babbington">Francis Babbington</a></li> <li>1561 <a href="/wiki/Francis_Babbington" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Babbington">Francis Babbington</a></li> <li>1562 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Whyte_(academic)" title="Thomas Whyte (academic)">Thomas Whyte</a></li> <li>1564 <a href="/wiki/John_Kennall" title="John Kennall">John Kennall</a></li> <li>1567 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cowper" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Cowper">Thomas Cowper</a></li> <li>1570 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cowper" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Cowper">Thomas Cowper</a></li> <li>1571 <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Humphrey" title="Lawrence Humphrey">Lawrence Humphrey</a></li> <li>1576 <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Westfaling" title="Herbert Westfaling">Herbert Westfaling</a></li> <li>1577 <a href="/wiki/William_Cole_(Puritan)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Cole (Puritan)">William Cole</a></li> <li>1578 <a href="/wiki/Martin_Culpepper" title="Martin Culpepper">Martin Culpepper</a></li> <li>1579 <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Matthew" title="Tobias Matthew">Tobias Matthew</a></li> <li>1580 <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Yeldard" title="Arthur Yeldard">Arthur Yeldard</a></li> <li>1581 <a href="/wiki/William_James_(bishop)" title="William James (bishop)">William James</a></li> <li>1582 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Hovenden" title="Robert Hovenden">Robert Hovenden</a></li> <li>1583 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Thornton_(academic_administrator)" title="Thomas Thornton (academic administrator)">Thomas Thornton</a></li> <li>1584 <a href="/wiki/John_Underhill_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Underhill (academic)">John Underhill</a></li> <li>1585 <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Lilly_(academic_administrator)" title="Edmund Lilly (academic administrator)">Edmund Lilly</a></li> <li>1586 <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bernard_(academic)" title="Daniel Bernard (academic)">Daniel Bernard</a></li> <li>1587 <a href="/wiki/Francis_Wyllis" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Wyllis">Francis Wyllis</a></li> <li>1588 <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heton" title="Martin Heton">Martin Heton</a></li> <li>1589 <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Bond" title="Nicholas Bond">Nicholas Bond</a></li> <li>1590 <a href="/wiki/William_James_(bishop)" title="William James (bishop)">William James</a></li> <li>1592 <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Bond" title="Nicholas Bond">Nicholas Bond</a></li> <li>1593 <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Lilly_(academic_administrator)" title="Edmund Lilly (academic administrator)">Edmund Lilly</a></li> <li>1596 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ravys" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Ravys">Thomas Ravys</a></li> <li>1598 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Singleton_(academic)" title="Thomas Singleton (academic)">Thomas Singleton</a></li> <li>1599 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Thornton_(academic_administrator)" title="Thomas Thornton (academic administrator)">Thomas Thornton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">17th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1600 <a href="/wiki/George_Abbot_(bishop)" title="George Abbot (bishop)">George Abbot</a></li> <li>1601 <a href="/wiki/George_Ryves" title="George Ryves">George Ryves</a></li> <li>1602 <a href="/wiki/John_Howson" title="John Howson">John Howson</a></li> <li>1603 <a href="/wiki/George_Abbot_(bishop)" title="George Abbot (bishop)">George Abbot</a></li> <li>1604 <a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(Oxford_academic)" title="John Williams (Oxford academic)">John Williams</a></li> <li>1605 <a href="/wiki/George_Abbot_(bishop)" title="George Abbot (bishop)">George Abbot</a></li> <li>1606 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Airay" title="Henry Airay">Henry Airay</a></li> <li>1607 <a href="/wiki/John_King_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="John King (academic)">John King</a></li> <li>1611 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Singleton_(academic)" title="Thomas Singleton (academic)">Thomas Singleton</a></li> <li>1614 <a href="/wiki/William_Goodwyn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Goodwyn">William Goodwyn</a></li> <li>1616 <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lake_(bishop)" title="Arthur Lake (bishop)">Arthur Lake</a></li> <li>1617 <a href="/wiki/William_Goodwyn" class="mw-redirect" title="William Goodwyn">William Goodwyn</a></li> <li>1619 <a href="/wiki/John_Prideaux" title="John Prideaux">John Prideaux</a></li> <li>1621 <a href="/wiki/William_Piers_(bishop)" title="William Piers (bishop)">William Piers</a></li> <li>1624 <a href="/wiki/John_Prideaux" title="John Prideaux">John Prideaux</a></li> <li>1626 <a href="/wiki/William_Juxon" title="William Juxon">William Juxon</a></li> <li>1628 <a href="/wiki/Accepted_Frewen" title="Accepted Frewen">Accepted Frewen</a></li> <li>1630 <a href="/wiki/William_Smyth_(academic_administrator)" title="William Smyth (academic administrator)">William Smyth</a></li> <li>1632 <a href="/wiki/Brian_Duppa" title="Brian Duppa">Brian Duppa</a></li> <li>1634 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Pincke" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Pincke">Robert Pincke</a></li> <li>1636 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Baylie" title="Richard Baylie">Richard Baylie</a></li> <li>1638 <a href="/wiki/Accepted_Frewen" title="Accepted Frewen">Accepted Frewen</a></li> <li>1640 <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Potter_(provost)" title="Christopher Potter (provost)">Christopher Potter</a></li> <li>1641 <a href="/wiki/John_Prideaux" title="John Prideaux">John Prideaux</a></li> <li>1642 <a href="/wiki/John_Prideaux" title="John Prideaux">John Prideaux</a> in absentia (duties performed by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Pincke" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Pincke">Robert Pincke</a> and then <a href="/wiki/John_Tolson_(academic)" title="John Tolson (academic)">John Tolson</a> as <a href="/wiki/Pro-Vice-Chancellor" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-Vice-Chancellor">Pro-Vice-Chancellors</a>)</li> <li>1643 <a href="/wiki/John_Tolson_(academic)" title="John Tolson (academic)">John Tolson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Pincke" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Pincke">Robert Pincke</a></li> <li>1645 <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Fell" title="Samuel Fell">Samuel Fell</a></li> <li>1648 <a href="/wiki/Edward_Reynolds" title="Edward Reynolds">Edward Reynolds</a></li> <li>1650 <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Greenwood" title="Daniel Greenwood">Daniel Greenwood</a></li> <li>1652 <a href="/wiki/John_Owen_(theologian)" title="John Owen (theologian)">John Owen</a></li> <li>1657 <a href="/wiki/John_Conant" title="John Conant">John Conant</a></li> <li>1660 <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hood" title="Paul Hood">Paul Hood</a></li> <li>1661 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Baylie" title="Richard Baylie">Richard Baylie</a></li> <li>1662 <a href="/wiki/Walter_Blandford" title="Walter Blandford">Walter Blandford</a></li> <li>1664 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Say" title="Robert Say">Robert Say</a></li> <li>1666 <a href="/wiki/John_Fell_(bishop)" title="John Fell (bishop)">John Fell</a></li> <li>1669 <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mews" title="Peter Mews">Peter Mews</a></li> <li>1673 <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Bathurst" title="Ralph Bathurst">Ralph Bathurst</a></li> <li>1676 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clerk" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Clerk">Henry Clerk</a></li> <li>1677 <a href="/wiki/John_Nicholas_(academic)" title="John Nicholas (academic)">John Nicholas</a></li> <li>1679 <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Halton" title="Timothy Halton">Timothy Halton</a></li> <li>1682 <a href="/wiki/John_Lloyd_(bishop_of_St_David%27s)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Lloyd (bishop of St David's)">John Lloyd</a></li> <li>1685 <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Halton" title="Timothy Halton">Timothy Halton</a></li> <li>1686 <a href="/wiki/John_Venn_(Vice_Chancellor)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Venn (Vice Chancellor)">John Venn</a></li> <li>1687 <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Ironside_the_younger" title="Gilbert Ironside the younger">Gilbert Ironside</a></li> <li>1689 <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Edwards_(academic)" title="Jonathan Edwards (academic)">Jonathan Edwards</a></li> <li>1692 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Aldrich" title="Henry Aldrich">Henry Aldrich</a></li> <li>1695 <a href="/wiki/Fitzherbert_Adams" title="Fitzherbert Adams">Fitzherbert Adams</a></li> <li>1697 <a href="/wiki/John_Meare" title="John Meare">John Meare</a></li> <li>1698 <a href="/wiki/William_Paynter_(academic)" title="William Paynter (academic)">William Paynter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1700 <a href="/wiki/Roger_Mander" title="Roger Mander">Roger Mander</a></li> <li>1702 <a href="/wiki/William_Delaune" title="William Delaune">William Delaune</a></li> <li>1706 <a href="/wiki/William_Lancaster_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Lancaster (academic)">William Lancaster</a></li> <li>1710 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brathwait" title="Thomas Brathwait">Thomas Brathwait</a></li> <li>1712 <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Gardiner" title="Bernard Gardiner">Bernard Gardiner</a></li> <li>1715 <a href="/wiki/John_Baron_(academic)" title="John Baron (academic)">John Baron</a></li> <li>1718 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Shippen" title="Robert Shippen">Robert Shippen</a></li> <li>1723 <a href="/wiki/John_Mather_(academic)" title="John Mather (academic)">John Mather</a></li> <li>1728 <a href="/wiki/Edward_Butler_(academic)" title="Edward Butler (academic)">Edward Butler</a></li> <li>1732 <a href="/wiki/William_Holmes_(academic)" title="William Holmes (academic)">William Holmes</a></li> <li>1735 <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Niblett" title="Stephen Niblett">Stephen Niblett</a></li> <li>1738 <a href="/wiki/Theophilus_Leigh" title="Theophilus Leigh">Theophilus Leigh</a></li> <li>1741 <a href="/wiki/Walter_Hodges_(academic)" title="Walter Hodges (academic)">Walter Hodges</a></li> <li>1744 <a href="/wiki/Euseby_Isham" title="Euseby Isham">Euseby Isham</a></li> <li>1747 <a href="/wiki/John_Purnell" title="John Purnell">John Purnell</a></li> <li>1750 <a href="/wiki/John_Browne_(academic)" title="John Browne (academic)">John Browne</a></li> <li>1753 <a href="/wiki/George_Huddesford_(academic)" title="George Huddesford (academic)">George Huddesford</a></li> <li>1756 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Randolph_(academic)" title="Thomas Randolph (academic)">Thomas Randolph</a></li> <li>1759 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Browne_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Browne (academic)">Joseph Browne</a></li> <li>1765 <a href="/wiki/David_Durell" title="David Durell">David Durell</a></li> <li>1768 <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Wetherell" title="Nathan Wetherell">Nathan Wetherell</a></li> <li>1772 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fothergill" title="Thomas Fothergill">Thomas Fothergill</a></li> <li>1776 <a href="/wiki/George_Horne_(bishop)" title="George Horne (bishop)">George Horne</a></li> <li>1780 <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Dennis_(academic)" title="Samuel Dennis (academic)">Samuel Dennis</a></li> <li>1784 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Chapman_(academic)" title="Joseph Chapman (academic)">Joseph Chapman</a></li> <li>1788 <a href="/wiki/John_Cooke_(academic)" title="John Cooke (academic)">John Cooke</a></li> <li>1792 <a href="/wiki/John_Wills_(academic_administrator)" title="John Wills (academic administrator)">John Wills</a></li> <li>1796 <a href="/wiki/Scrope_Berdmore_(academic)" title="Scrope Berdmore (academic)">Scrope Berdmore</a></li> <li>1797 <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Isham_(academic_administrator)" title="Edmund Isham (academic administrator)">Edmund Isham</a></li> <li>1798 <a href="/wiki/Michael_Marlow_(priest)" title="Michael Marlow (priest)">Michael Marlow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1802 <a href="/wiki/Whittington_Landon" title="Whittington Landon">Whittington Landon</a></li> <li>1806 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Richards_(clergyman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Richards (clergyman)">Henry Richards</a></li> <li>1807 <a href="/wiki/John_Parsons_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Parsons (academic)">John Parsons</a></li> <li>1810 <a href="/wiki/John_Cole_(academic)" title="John Cole (academic)">John Cole</a></li> <li>1814 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Lee_(clergyman)" title="Thomas Lee (clergyman)">Thomas Lee</a></li> <li>1818 <a href="/wiki/Frodsham_Hodson" title="Frodsham Hodson">Frodsham Hodson</a></li> <li>1820 <a href="/wiki/George_William_Hall" title="George William Hall">George William Hall</a></li> <li>1824 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Jenkyns" title="Richard Jenkyns">Richard Jenkyns</a></li> <li>1828 <a href="/wiki/John_Collier_Jones" title="John Collier Jones">John Collier Jones</a></li> <li>1832 <a href="/wiki/George_Rowley_(academic)" title="George Rowley (academic)">George Rowley</a></li> <li>1836 <a href="/wiki/Ashhurst_Turner_Gilbert" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashhurst Turner Gilbert">Ashhurst Turner Gilbert</a></li> <li>1840 <a href="/wiki/Philip_Wynter" title="Philip Wynter">Philip Wynter</a></li> <li>1844 <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Parsons_Symons" title="Benjamin Parsons Symons">Benjamin Parsons Symons</a></li> <li>1848 <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Charles_Plumptre" title="Frederick Charles Plumptre">Frederick Charles Plumptre</a></li> <li>1852 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lynch_Cotton" title="Richard Lynch Cotton">Richard Lynch Cotton</a></li> <li>1856 <a href="/wiki/David_Williams_(Oxford_academic)" title="David Williams (Oxford academic)">David Williams</a></li> <li>1858 <a href="/wiki/Francis_Jeune" title="Francis Jeune">Francis Jeune</a></li> <li>1862 <a href="/wiki/John_Prideaux_Lightfoot" title="John Prideaux Lightfoot">John Prideaux Lightfoot</a></li> <li>1866 <a href="/wiki/Frances_Knyvett_Leighton" class="mw-redirect" title="Frances Knyvett Leighton">Frances Knyvett Leighton</a></li> <li>1870 <a href="/wiki/Henry_George_Liddell" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry George Liddell">Henry George Liddell</a></li> <li>1874 <a href="/wiki/James_Edwards_Sewell" title="James Edwards Sewell">James Edwards Sewell</a></li> <li>1878 <a href="/wiki/Evan_Evans_(academic)" title="Evan Evans (academic)">Evan Evans</a></li> <li>1882 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Benjamin Jowett</a></li> <li>1886 <a href="/wiki/James_Bellamy_(British_academic)" title="James Bellamy (British academic)">James Bellamy</a></li> <li>1890 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Boyd_(academic)" title="Henry Boyd (academic)">Henry Boyd</a></li> <li>1894 <a href="/wiki/John_Richard_Magrath" title="John Richard Magrath">John Richard Magrath</a></li> <li>1898 <a href="/wiki/Sir_William_Reynell_Anson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir William Reynell Anson">Sir William Reynell Anson</a></li> <li>1899 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fowler_(academic)" title="Thomas Fowler (academic)">Thomas Fowler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1901 <a href="/wiki/David_Binning_Monro" class="mw-redirect" title="David Binning Monro">David Binning Monro</a></li> <li>1904 <a href="/wiki/William_Walter_Merry" class="mw-redirect" title="William Walter Merry">William Walter Merry</a></li> <li>1906 <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Warren" title="Herbert Warren">Herbert Warren</a></li> <li>1910 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Buller_Heberden" title="Charles Buller Heberden">Charles Buller Heberden</a></li> <li>1913 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Banks_Strong" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Banks Strong">Thomas Banks Strong</a></li> <li>1917 <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Edward_Douglas_Blakiston" title="Herbert Edward Douglas Blakiston">Herbert Edward Douglas Blakiston</a></li> <li>1920 <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Richard_Farnell" title="Lewis Richard Farnell">Lewis Richard Farnell</a></li> <li>1923 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Wells_(academic)" title="Joseph Wells (academic)">Joseph Wells</a></li> <li>1926 <a href="/wiki/Francis_William_Pember" title="Francis William Pember">Francis William Pember</a></li> <li>1929 <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Homes_Dudden" title="Frederick Homes Dudden">Frederick Homes Dudden</a></li> <li>1932 <a href="/wiki/Francis_John_Lys" title="Francis John Lys">Francis John Lys</a></li> <li>1935 <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dunlop_Lindsay" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Dunlop Lindsay">Alexander Dunlop Lindsay</a></li> <li>1938 <a href="/wiki/George_Stuart_Gordon" title="George Stuart Gordon">George Stuart Gordon</a></li> <li>1941 <a href="/wiki/William_David_Ross" class="mw-redirect" title="William David Ross">Sir William David Ross</a></li> <li>1944 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Winn_Livingstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Winn Livingstone">Sir Richard Winn Livingstone</a></li> <li>1947 <a href="/wiki/William_Teulon_Swan_Stallybrass" class="mw-redirect" title="William Teulon Swan Stallybrass">William Teulon Swan Stallybrass</a></li> <li>1948 <a href="/wiki/John_Lowe_(University_of_Oxford)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Lowe (University of Oxford)">The Very Reverend John Lowe</a></li> <li>1951 <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bowra" title="Maurice Bowra">Sir Cecil Maurice Bowra</a></li> <li>1954 <a href="/wiki/Alic_Halford_Smith" title="Alic Halford Smith">Alic Halford Smith</a></li> <li>1957 <a href="/wiki/John_Cecil_Masterman" title="John Cecil Masterman">John Cecil Masterman</a></li> <li>1958 <a href="/wiki/T._S._R._Boase" title="T. S. R. Boase">Thomas Sherrer Ross Boase</a></li> <li>1960 <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Lionel_Pugh_Norrington" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur Lionel Pugh Norrington">Arthur Lionel Pugh Norrington</a></li> <li>1962 <a href="/wiki/Walter_Fraser_Oakeshott" title="Walter Fraser Oakeshott">Walter Fraser Oakeshott</a></li> <li>1964 <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Clinton_Wheare" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenneth Clinton Wheare">Kenneth Clinton Wheare</a></li> <li>1966 <a href="/wiki/John_Norman_Davidson_Kelly" title="John Norman Davidson Kelly">John Norman Davidson Kelly</a></li> <li>1966 <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Turpin" title="Kenneth Turpin">Kenneth Turpin</a></li> <li>1969 <a href="/wiki/Alan_Bullock" title="Alan Bullock">Alan Bullock, Lord Bullock of Leafield</a></li> <li>1973 <a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Habakkuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir John Habakkuk">Sir John Habakkuk</a></li> <li>1977 <a href="/wiki/Rex_Richards_(scientist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rex Richards (scientist)">Sir Rex Richards</a></li> <li>1981 <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Warnock" title="Geoffrey Warnock">Sir Geoffrey Warnock</a></li> <li>1985 <a href="/wiki/Lord_Neill_of_Bladen" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Neill of Bladen">Lord Neill of Bladen</a></li> <li>1989 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Southwood" title="Richard Southwood">Sir Richard Southwood</a></li> <li>1993 <a href="/wiki/Peter_North_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter North (academic)">Sir Peter North</a></li> <li>1997 <a href="/wiki/Colin_Renshaw_Lucas" class="mw-redirect" title="Colin Renshaw Lucas">Sir Colin Lucas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2004 <a href="/wiki/John_Hood_(university_administrator)" title="John Hood (university administrator)">John Hood</a></li> <li>2009 <a href="/wiki/Andrew_D._Hamilton" title="Andrew D. Hamilton">Andrew D. Hamilton</a></li> <li>2016 <a href="/wiki/Louise_Richardson" title="Louise Richardson">Louise Richardson</a></li> <li>2023 <a href="/wiki/Irene_Tracey" title="Irene Tracey">Irene Tracey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&oldid=1259330324">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Jowett&oldid=1259330324</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1817_births" title="Category:1817 births">1817 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1893_deaths" 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