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Crogan</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Gonzaga University</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar social-profile-avatar-container"><a href="https://arizona.academia.edu/NimaToosizadeh"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="Nima Toosizadeh" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/38290825/10673954/11916111/s200_nima.toosizadeh.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://arizona.academia.edu/NimaToosizadeh">Nima Toosizadeh</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">University of Arizona</p></div></div><div class="suggested-user-card"><div class="suggested-user-card__avatar 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data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-8d50ccef-26dc-40d3-832f-d6ffa2f6fac5"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-8d50ccef-26dc-40d3-832f-d6ffa2f6fac5"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42599603" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech_Republic"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Czech Republic"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-ee04d033-00be-4202-b1a8-a342d71c28ba"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-ee04d033-00be-4202-b1a8-a342d71c28ba"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Melinda Susapu</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126531943"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126531943/Investigation_of_risk_factors_for_better_control_and_surveillance_of_lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of risk factors for better control and surveillance of lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120395671/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126531943/Investigation_of_risk_factors_for_better_control_and_surveillance_of_lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea">Investigation of risk factors for better control and surveillance of lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gedion Sabumei and BJ. I would like to make a special mention of Mr John Koinari and his wife for...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gedion Sabumei and BJ. I would like to make a special mention of Mr John Koinari and his wife for accommodation and cooking for me and my field team at Korona whenever we were there to conduct field activities, they also made community sensitization so easy for me. I would also like to thank the community leaders and the communities where my study was carried out, the Waput, Yakumbu, Raikos settlement in Ramu Agro, the Korona, Koinduna, Tongona communities and all the local participants in the study. Also the local mosquito collectors who without them I would not have mosquitoes to process for this study. The CNTD admin staff for the many research assistance I received, Rinki Deb for the help with ethics write-up, Michelle Stanton with help on getting started with ArcGIS and SPSS data analysis, Hannah Betts with SPSS and QGIS, Hayley Mableson for showing me how to format my thesis, and to Louise Melia and Sara Donovan for LSTM travel and logistics, as well as all the others in the CNTD group, who I have not mentioned specifically, I am very much indebted to you for your assistance and patience with me. I'd also like to mention the Vector Group at LSTM for the bench space and authorization to use the lab facilities for mosquito processing. Another vital part of this PhD, the Department for International Development (DFID) funding, without which my project would not have been possible. Many thanks to the Department of Health, PNG, my employer the duration of my PhD, very special thanks to my immediate boss at the Department, Mr Leo S. Makita, Program Officer for Malaria & Vector Borne Diseases, for trusting me and giving me unwavering support for the last 7 years, you are truly one of a kind. Not forgetting Dr Sibauk V. Bieb, Executive Manager for Public Health for encouragement to complete my PhD. My colleagues at MSCU, Pauline, Mary, Mama Tara and Rosh, thanks for keeping it real for me in the last 4 years of my PhD. Lastly, my family; Mummy, Daddy, apas Sandra, Lynette & Lashma, ambo Doddy & family, my son Phillip and niece Samelyn and my beloved Winter, thank you for your prayers, love and support.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c90088a06c75e2a4ba097536e93860a6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120395671,"asset_id":126531943,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120395671/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126531943"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126531943"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126531943; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="122785376"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/122785376/Alternative_Approaches_for_Monitoring_and_Evaluation_of_Lymphatic_Filariasis_Following_Mass_Drug_Treatment_with_Ivermectin_Diethylcarbamazine_and_Albendazole_in_East_New_Britain_Province_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Alternative Approaches for Monitoring and Evaluation of Lymphatic Filariasis Following Mass Drug Treatment with Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine and Albendazole in East New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/117376908/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/122785376/Alternative_Approaches_for_Monitoring_and_Evaluation_of_Lymphatic_Filariasis_Following_Mass_Drug_Treatment_with_Ivermectin_Diethylcarbamazine_and_Albendazole_in_East_New_Britain_Province_Papua_New_Guinea">Alternative Approaches for Monitoring and Evaluation of Lymphatic Filariasis Following Mass Drug Treatment with Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine and Albendazole in East New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)</span><span>, Apr 4, 2024</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">doi: medRxiv preprint NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by pee...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">doi: medRxiv preprint NOTE: This preprint reports new research that has not been certified by peer review and should not be used to guide clinical practice.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a1d94d922966d2a8f6ec9e7168de12b0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":117376908,"asset_id":122785376,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/117376908/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="122785376"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="122785376"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122785376; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122785376]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=122785376]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 122785376; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='122785376']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99001979"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99001979/Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_dominant_lineage_of_SARS_CoV_2_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Genomic characterisation reveals a dominant lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100203288/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99001979/Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_dominant_lineage_of_SARS_CoV_2_in_Papua_New_Guinea">Genomic characterisation reveals a dominant lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Virus Evolution</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The coronavirus disease pandemic has highlighted the utility of pathogen genomics as a key part o...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The coronavirus disease pandemic has highlighted the utility of pathogen genomics as a key part of comprehensive public health response to emerging infectious diseases threats, however, the ability to generate, analyse, and respond to pathogen genomic data varies around the world. Papua New Guinea (PNG), which has limited in-country capacity for genomics, has experienced significant outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with initial genomics data indicating a large proportion of cases were from lineages that are not well defined within the current nomenclature. Through a partnership between in-country public health agencies and academic organisations, industry, and a public health genomics reference laboratory in Australia a system for routine SARS-CoV-2 genomics from PNG was established. Here we aim to characterise and describe the genomics of PNG’s second wave and examine the sudden expansion of a lineage that is not well defined but very preval...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9d756c10ec0183f869cb2958d26db9c0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100203288,"asset_id":99001979,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100203288/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99001979"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99001979"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99001979; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9d756c10ec0183f869cb2958d26db9c0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99001979]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99001979,"title":"Genomic characterisation reveals a dominant lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in Papua New Guinea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99001979/Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_dominant_lineage_of_SARS_CoV_2_in_Papua_New_Guinea","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[{"id":100203288,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100203288/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"veac033.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100203288/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_domin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100203288/veac033-libre.pdf?1679606532=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGenomic_characterisation_reveals_a_domin.pdf\u0026Expires=1740546213\u0026Signature=PePr-LrUZWN27DdF7nJf4T1cxfyYpR3y9r1nHC5wx7il9urhNxn36lYXo~a38B0Jug5kasXb5~DlWka5MMOHzSIFJIp6LLsmo2pglrRugiAtOY63X7fzMbzGJYK76y0nf3s5DN6p552pEdLVWB-RLgMcigNgN9ixMy5gYVFJ0MgURmasr-om5bqvNGsdoDiulwJUCU6kLchgV14yXsPrCSkc1S~-iPKZvETKEpgqLYuSkTIKUvSpkCiBKa1ch8yBDY2KgjbWmzi6dQ1-GBbQ7ul09HiY67M4hkV955bhLTGr4Z1noDFkIkL5giYkl8Xw16fnjHOtU-hCnqN26FwuUw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":100203289,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100203289/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"veac033.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100203289/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_domin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100203289/veac033-libre.pdf?1679606529=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGenomic_characterisation_reveals_a_domin.pdf\u0026Expires=1740546213\u0026Signature=gJiH6Go~21px40vr3Fyc4MLif9b8MrsOECV29WYDjaSQM2U~xqcG9vfhX6xk42gjQklbrjYuNGJjyXB8qHaxUWHlLoOA6TQlCCJB3Iecmt94d2rG63WXnclrXaj8oQBjNCyk~cU4UmlaOt6LBXO-5vX3VNIOr4ts5rk4M7zimkc6pOOEVE2cRwmyzCc32LbCVfMdvHGQh~qsM-6hjcRhG4LY-2OWgUmuK0atNOJXtrwlxrNFV1PzsaGdp2r5HeMQEwgA9umipI8dlr6ZSzCdlxZZTKrRdNdgxwJv6RmtE5KSN8KASVLtytDWK1opeWt2AqGdCNHUpOCTbnTgaHNrTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879310"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879310/Genomic_Sequencing_of_Dengue_Virus_Strains_Associated_with_Papua_New_Guinean_Outbreaks_in_2016_Reveals_Endemic_Circulation_of_DENV_1_and_DENV_2"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Genomic Sequencing of Dengue Virus Strains Associated with Papua New Guinean Outbreaks in 2016 Reveals Endemic Circulation of DENV-1 and DENV-2" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236147/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879310/Genomic_Sequencing_of_Dengue_Virus_Strains_Associated_with_Papua_New_Guinean_Outbreaks_in_2016_Reveals_Endemic_Circulation_of_DENV_1_and_DENV_2">Genomic Sequencing of Dengue Virus Strains Associated with Papua New Guinean Outbreaks in 2016 Reveals Endemic Circulation of DENV-1 and DENV-2</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over the past decade, the Pacific region has experienced many arboviral outbreaks, including deng...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over the past decade, the Pacific region has experienced many arboviral outbreaks, including dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Papua New Guinea (PNG) has a high burden of arboviral diseases, but there is a paucity of knowledge about the epidemiology and circulation of these viruses in the country. In this study, we report investigations into suspected arboviral outbreaks of febrile disease in PNG from December 2015 to June 2017. DENV-1 and DENV-2 were the mostly commonly detected viruses, and low circulation of DENV-3 and ZIKV was also detected. DENV-4 and CHIKV were not detected during this period. Full genome sequencing of selected positive samples revealed that circulation was dominated by endemic indigenous strains belonging to DENV-1 (genotype IV) and DENV-2 (genotype C) that have been present in the country for up to a decade. A DENV-2 sublineage was also identified that has been associated with outbreaks of severe dengue in both PNG and the Solomon Islands.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a8bfcb19b073aa15c15833f1aa3cf240" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91236147,"asset_id":86879310,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236147/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879310"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879310"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879310; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879310]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879310]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879310; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879310']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879308"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879308/Mosquito_collections_and_filarial_DNA_rates_in_mosquitoes_before_and_after_mass_drug_administration_MDA_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mosquito collections and filarial DNA rates in mosquitoes before and after mass drug administration (MDA)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879308/Mosquito_collections_and_filarial_DNA_rates_in_mosquitoes_before_and_after_mass_drug_administration_MDA_">Mosquito collections and filarial DNA rates in mosquitoes before and after mass drug administration (MDA)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">&lt;p&gt;Filarial DNA was detected in mosquitoes by PCR, and rates (maximum likelihood with 95% C...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">&lt;p&gt;Filarial DNA was detected in mosquitoes by PCR, and rates (maximum likelihood with 95% CI) were estimated by PoolScreen. The filarial DNA rate in mosquitoes collected in the MDA-3 survey (6 to 9 months after the third round of MDA) represented a 92.3% decrease from the rate in mosquitoes collected during the pre-MDA-B survey (just prior to the first round of MDA).&lt;/p</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879308"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879308"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879308; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879306"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879306/Incidence_events_and_incidence_rates_for_anti_filarial_antibodies_and_filarial_antigenemia_before_and_after_mass_drug_administration_MDA_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Incidence events and incidence rates for anti-filarial antibodies and filarial antigenemia before and after mass drug administration (MDA)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879306/Incidence_events_and_incidence_rates_for_anti_filarial_antibodies_and_filarial_antigenemia_before_and_after_mass_drug_administration_MDA_">Incidence events and incidence rates for anti-filarial antibodies and filarial antigenemia before and after mass drug administration (MDA)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">&lt;p&gt;Incidence events for each test were defined as positive tests in people who had tested n...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">&lt;p&gt;Incidence events for each test were defined as positive tests in people who had tested negative in the prior survey and who had never had a positive test in prior years. This analysis is restricted to persons with data available for consecutive years. The pre-MDA-B incidence data are for a 2 year interval (with annual incidence rates shown in parentheses). Other incidence data are for one year intervals. Annual incidence rates for the 2 year period between pre-MDA-A and pre-MDA-B were significantly higher than rates for the two years following the first round of MDA (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001 by chi-square for all comparisons).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Abbreviations: CFA, circulating filarial antigenemia; Bm14, IgG&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; antibodies to recombinant filarial antigen Bm14.&lt;/p</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879306"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879306"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879306; 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879304"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879304/Additional_file_1_of_Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 1: of Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879304/Additional_file_1_of_Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys">Additional file 1: of Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Table S1. Description of the types of changes made to update survey locations. Table S2 Estimated...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Table S1. Description of the types of changes made to update survey locations. Table S2 Estimated parametersâ Differentiated Scenario A models. Table S3 Estimated parametersâ Scenario B models. Figure S1 Comparison of optimum models from Scenario A and B. (a) Plot of the paired predicted antigen prevalence. (b) Difference of predicted antigen prevalence. (DOCX 88 kb)</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879304"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879304"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879304; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879304]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879304]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879304; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879304']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86879304]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86879304,"title":"Additional file 1: of Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86879304/Additional_file_1_of_Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879303"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879303/Investigation_of_risk_factors_for_better_control_and_surveillance_of_lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of risk factors for better control and surveillance of lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236145/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879303/Investigation_of_risk_factors_for_better_control_and_surveillance_of_lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea">Investigation of risk factors for better control and surveillance of lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">First and foremost, it gives me great pleasure to acknowledge my supervisors, Dr Louise Kelly-Hop...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">First and foremost, it gives me great pleasure to acknowledge my supervisors, Dr Louise Kelly-Hope (Primary), Prof. Moses J. Bockarie and Dr Lisa Reimer. Prof Bockarie for the initial planning stages of my PhD project and the entomology section planning, Dr Reimer for entomological planning stages while she was still in PNGIMR and then in LSTM where she assisted so greatly in securing bench space for me to complete laboratory analyses of my mosquito samples. However, I really think all this would never have been possible without Dr Louise Kelly-Hope. You have been that light in the darkest tunnel for me, I am forever indebted to you and your family, for stealing your family time and most of all giving you white hairs ☺ 1. To review LF research in PNG, with specific focus on entomology in Madang Province 2. To map W. bancrofti antigen (Ag) prevalence and risk factors associated with LF in Madang Province 3. To micro-map and spatially analysis MF prevalence in a highly endemic village in Madang Province 4. 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DNA sequences for 36 individuals of Aedes albopictus for a small section of th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Additional file 1. DNA sequences for 36 individuals of Aedes albopictus for a small section of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene (Vssc) from S6, domain III.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879301"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879301"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879301; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879301]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879301]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879301; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879301']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86879301]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86879301,"title":"MOESM1 of Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in Papua New Guinea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86879301/MOESM1_of_Insecticide_resistance_status_of_Aedes_aegypti_and_Aedes_albopictus_mosquitoes_in_Papua_New_Guinea","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879299"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879299/RESEARCH_Open_Access_Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of RESEARCH Open Access Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879299/RESEARCH_Open_Access_Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea">RESEARCH Open Access Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">distribution at district level and impact of mass national burden, identifies gaps in knowledge, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">distribution at district level and impact of mass national burden, identifies gaps in knowledge, quantifies and locates the population at risk, and can be used to Graves et al. Parasites & Vectors 2013, 6:7</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879299"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879299"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879299; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879299]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879299]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879299; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879299']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86879299]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86879299,"title":"RESEARCH Open Access Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86879299/RESEARCH_Open_Access_Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879297"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879297/The_Risk_of_Malarial_Infections_and_Disease_in_Papua_New_Guinean_Children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Risk of Malarial Infections and Disease in Papua New Guinean Children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236184/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879297/The_Risk_of_Malarial_Infections_and_Disease_in_Papua_New_Guinean_Children">The Risk of Malarial Infections and Disease in Papua New Guinean Children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In a treatment re-infection study of 206 Papua New Guinean school children, we examined risk of r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In a treatment re-infection study of 206 Papua New Guinean school children, we examined risk of reinfection and symptomatic malaria caused by different Plasmodium species. Although children acquired a similar number of polymerase chain reaction-detectable Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections in six months of active follow-up (P. falciparum ‫ס‬ 5.00, P. vivax ‫ס‬ 5.28), they were 21 times more likely to develop symptomatic P. falciparum malaria (1.17/year) than P. vivax malaria (0.06/year). Children greater than nine years of age had a reduced risk of acquiring P. vivax infections of low-to-moderate (>150/L) density (adjusted hazard rate [AHR] ‫ס‬ 0.65 and 0.42), whereas similar reductions in risk with age of P. falciparum infection was only seen for parasitemias > 5,000/L (AHR ‫ס‬ 0.49) and symptomatic episodes (AHR ‫ס‬ 0.51). Infection and symptomatic episodes with P. malariae and P. ovale were rare. By nine years of age, children have thus acquired almost complete clinical immunity to P. vivax characterized by a very tight control of parasite density, whereas the acquisition of immunity to symptomatic P. falciparum malaria remained incomplete. These observations suggest that different mechanisms of immunity may be important for protection from these malaria species.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a56a2333b5cd38f6e67744105a224456" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91236184,"asset_id":86879297,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236184/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879297"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879297"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879297; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879297]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879297]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879297; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879297']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879294"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879294/Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236097/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879294/Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys">Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Tropical Medicine and Health</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis has encouraged countries to fo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis has encouraged countries to follow a set of guidelines to help them assess the need for mass drug administration and evaluate its progress. Papua New Guinea (PNG) is one of the highest priority countries in the Western Pacific for lymphatic filariasis and the site of extensive research on lymphatic filariasis and surveys of its prevalence. However, different diagnostic tests have been used and thresholds for each test are unclear. Methods: We reviewed the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis reported in 295 surveys conducted in PNG between 1990 and 2014, of which 65 used more than one test. Results from different diagnostics were standardised using a set of criteria that included a model to predict antigen prevalence from microfilariae prevalence. We mapped the point location of each of these surveys and categorised their standardised prevalence estimates. Results: Several predictive models were produced and investigated, including the effect of any mass drug administration and number of rounds prior to the surveys. One model was chosen based on goodness of fit parameters and used to predict antigen prevalence for surveys that tested only for microfilariae. Standardised prevalence values show that 72% of all surveys reported a prevalence above 0.05. High prevalence was situated on the coastal north, south and island regions, while the central highland area of Papua New Guinea shows low levels of prevalence. Conclusions: Our study is the first to provide an explicit predictive relationship between the prevalence values based on empirical results from antigen and microfilaria tests, taking into account the occurrence of mass drug administration. This is a crucial step to combine studies to develop risk maps of lymphatic filariasis for programme planning and evaluation, as shown in the case of Papua New Guinea.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8a2174d613e1d905b2bc8031a5af2ac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91236097,"asset_id":86879294,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236097/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879294"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879294"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879294; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879209"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879209/Outbreak_of"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Outbreak of" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236081/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879209/Outbreak_of">Outbreak of</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">detected an increase in febrile illnesses in Vanimo. Chikungunya virus of the Eastern/Central/Sou...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">detected an increase in febrile illnesses in Vanimo. Chikungunya virus of the Eastern/Central/Southern African genotype harboring the E1:A226V mutation was identified. This ongoing outbreak has spread to&gt;8 other provinces and has had a harmful effect on public health. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus of the family Togaviridae and genus Alphavirus. CHIKV can be classified into 3 distinct genotypes: Asian, Eastern/Central/Southern African (ECSA), and Western African. The usual vectors for CHIKV are Aedes aegypti mosquitoes; Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are a potential secondary vector. Human infection with CHIKV results in illness characterized by high fever, severe polyarthralgia, headache, maculopapular rash, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. CHIKV has recently been responsible for explosive outbreaks of disease in the Indian Ocean region (1) and southern India (2). Before June 2012, chikungunya had not been reported in Papua New Guinea. The recent increase in ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="657295892cdd3a9e77840cfb8afb34ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91236081,"asset_id":86879209,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236081/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879209"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879209"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879209; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507261"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507261/A_real_time_PCR_based_assay_for_detection_of_Wuchereria_bancrofti_DNA_in_blood_and_mosquitoes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A real-time PCR-based assay for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in blood and mosquitoes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951952/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507261/A_real_time_PCR_based_assay_for_detection_of_Wuchereria_bancrofti_DNA_in_blood_and_mosquitoes">A real-time PCR-based assay for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in blood and mosquitoes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We developed and evaluated real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for detecting Wuchere...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We developed and evaluated real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for detecting Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in human blood and in mosquitoes. An assay based on detection of the W. bancrofti &quot;LDR&quot; repeat DNA sequence was more sensitive than an assay for Wolbachia 16S rDNA. The LDR-based assay was sensitive for detecting microfilarial DNA on dried membrane filters or on filter paper. We also compared real-time PCR with conventional PCR (C-PCR) for detecting W. bancrofti DNA in mosquito samples collected in endemic areas in Egypt and Papua New Guinea. Although the two methods had comparable sensitivity for detecting filarial DNA in reference samples, real-time PCR was more sensitive than C-PCR in practice with field samples. Other advantages of real-time PCR include its high-throughput capacity and decreased risk of cross-contamination between test samples. We believe that real-time PCR has great potential as a tool for monitoring progress in large-scale filariasis eli...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="896d9e82c3e158e8eef0466b9daed1df" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951952,"asset_id":21507261,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951952/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507261"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507261"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507261; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507259"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507259/A_qPCR_based_multiplex_assay_for_the_detection_of_Wuchereria_bancrofti_Plasmodium_falciparum_and_Plasmodium_vivax_DNA"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A qPCR-based multiplex assay for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax DNA" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507259/A_qPCR_based_multiplex_assay_for_the_detection_of_Wuchereria_bancrofti_Plasmodium_falciparum_and_Plasmodium_vivax_DNA">A qPCR-based multiplex assay for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax DNA</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The purpose of this study was to develop real-time multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays for t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The purpose of this study was to develop real-time multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays for the simultaneous detection of Wuchereria bancrofti (Wb), Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and P. vivax (Pv) in mosquitoes. We optimized the assays with purified DNA samples and then used these assays to test DNA samples isolated from Anopheles punctulatus mosquitoes collected in villages in Papua New Guinea where these infections are co-endemic. Singleplex assays detected Wb, Pf and Pv DNA in 32%, 19% and 15% of the mosquito pools, respectively, either alone or together with other parasites. Multiplex assay results agreed with singleplex results in most cases. Overall parasite DNA rates in mosquitoes, estimated by PoolScreen 2 software, for Wb, Pf and Pv were 4.9%, 2.7% and 2.1%, respectively. Parasite DNA rates were consistently higher in blood-fed mosquitoes than in host-seeking mosquitoes. Our results show that multiplex qPCR can be used to detect and estimate prevalence rates for multiple parasite species in arthropod vectors. We believe that multiplex molecular xenodiagnosis has great potential as a tool for non-invasively assessing the distribution and prevalence of vector-borne pathogens such as W. bancrofti and Plasmodium spp. in human populations and for assessing the impact of interventions aimed at controlling or eliminating these diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507259"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507259"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507259; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507258"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507258/The_Impact_of_Repeated_Rounds_of_Mass_Drug_Administration_with_Diethylcarbamazine_Plus_Albendazole_on_Bancroftian_Filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Repeated Rounds of Mass Drug Administration with Diethylcarbamazine Plus Albendazole on Bancroftian Filariasis in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951953/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507258/The_Impact_of_Repeated_Rounds_of_Mass_Drug_Administration_with_Diethylcarbamazine_Plus_Albendazole_on_Bancroftian_Filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea">The Impact of Repeated Rounds of Mass Drug Administration with Diethylcarbamazine Plus Albendazole on Bancroftian Filariasis in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: This study employed various monitoring methods to assess the impact of repeated round...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: This study employed various monitoring methods to assess the impact of repeated rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) on bancroftian filariasis in Papua New Guinea, which has the largest filariasis problem in the Pacific region.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f95bfcbef6dad3bd3f179448f3df95f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951953,"asset_id":21507258,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951953/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507258"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507258"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507258; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507256"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507256/Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea_distribution_at_district_level_and_impact_of_mass_drug_administration_1980_to_2011"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea: distribution at district level and impact of mass drug administration, 1980 to 2011" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951955/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507256/Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea_distribution_at_district_level_and_impact_of_mass_drug_administration_1980_to_2011">Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea: distribution at district level and impact of mass drug administration, 1980 to 2011</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu">Melinda Susapu</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeoMakita">Leo Makita</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rti.academia.edu/mollybrady">molly brady</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZaixingZhang">Zaixing Zhang</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Parasites & Vectors</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is present at high prevalenc...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is present at high prevalence in some parts of Papua New Guinea. However, there has been no rigorous data-based representative assessment of nationwide prevalence of LF. The LF programme has been daunted by the scope of the problem, and progress on mass drug administration (MDA) has been slow and lacking in resources.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d9c43dd0018e54a9592ada423fb75822" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951955,"asset_id":21507256,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951955/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507256"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507256"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507256; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "d9c43dd0018e54a9592ada423fb75822" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=21507256]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":21507256,"title":"Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea: distribution at district level and impact of mass drug administration, 1980 to 2011","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21507256/Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea_distribution_at_district_level_and_impact_of_mass_drug_administration_1980_to_2011","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[{"id":41951955,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951955/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea20160203-10067-9gssym.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951955/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/41951955/Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea20160203-10067-9gssym-libre.pdf?1454509509=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DLymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea.pdf\u0026Expires=1740546214\u0026Signature=D1kMUTAouToYziK0SQAMizl4y0SA-C6MDBJ3~anRuR761akoybr-2sGN991nSFYottdKuWvlNQ3ZlrU2C3jtuVnDyVAyjmKgl4PH4Nk~9fw8V7tjW69kq15ppdFjgP98vGl75BjjTWxntpivMxavobYyZZcZvbZJDqnQAWKw3FhpDkEGTgnNeLySifBLgYxehB1~~bwrxs-~LfW8ekzRbee8w9R46kT1QykyqWiMMMQL~ryBS-z3tzyNb~xM6EhuEL9o~MI4CkURlGoQ8FqVESRNbbrS7sMUCzjAPa2QUSsOvxzQZQAMXrVJo--JBRDRC1PvrFiFfSHoQscaBuLpNg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507254"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507254/Insecticidal_Bed_Nets_and_Filariasis_Transmission_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Insecticidal Bed Nets and Filariasis Transmission in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951956/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507254/Insecticidal_Bed_Nets_and_Filariasis_Transmission_in_Papua_New_Guinea">Insecticidal Bed Nets and Filariasis Transmission in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>New England Journal of Medicine</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Global efforts to eliminate lymphatic filariasis are based on the annual mass administration of a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Global efforts to eliminate lymphatic filariasis are based on the annual mass administration of antifilarial drugs to reduce the microfilaria reservoir available to the mosquito vector. Insecticide-treated bed nets are being widely used in areas in which filariasis and malaria are coendemic.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="004c02156249eb93b8a217d1f8d91f8f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951956,"asset_id":21507254,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951956/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507254"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507254"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507254; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21507254]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21507254]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507254; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='21507254']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "004c02156249eb93b8a217d1f8d91f8f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=21507254]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":21507254,"title":"Insecticidal Bed Nets and Filariasis Transmission in Papua New Guinea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21507254/Insecticidal_Bed_Nets_and_Filariasis_Transmission_in_Papua_New_Guinea","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[{"id":41951956,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951956/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Insecticidal_bed_nets_and_filariasis_tra20160203-29142-j2s798.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951956/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Insecticidal_Bed_Nets_and_Filariasis_Tra.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/41951956/Insecticidal_bed_nets_and_filariasis_tra20160203-29142-j2s798-libre.pdf?1454509509=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DInsecticidal_Bed_Nets_and_Filariasis_Tra.pdf\u0026Expires=1740546214\u0026Signature=R9ZBMHgONezc-GWlOeosleICwvsmOJKGZKbFPwnP1leTS9L7mHGbGE95LvcBvDUkkEpMrJgRzE8hoWYvb4uEpGXQQK1kcauX71c3P-SSSfj-7b1Ua34TLvXc7A3SkGJf58qvwR6sZf76rERBvHGDXRnM2vhFWmEpQnramFMr~O5AzkeUWEaECOk2eIyoXmu11UJXZG3e6p442lw7YhhoWMIURvvJBuzfpgXPAtpUVC7~K2N95eHfsi2AvIr92kbEgDZOpUUuQqF~yULq4MAIEMaVuFbP1xVbc-OA5dxdj-rd~IDJIq7QrftUO5wIIN7KHXRSYf9Aflhrdv-lkygHHQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507252"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507252/High_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_circumsporozoite_variants_VK210_and_VK247_detects_complex_Plasmodium_vivax_infections_in_malaria_endemic_populations_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of High-throughput molecular diagnosis of circumsporozoite variants VK210 and VK247 detects complex Plasmodium vivax infections in malaria endemic populations in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951950/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507252/High_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_circumsporozoite_variants_VK210_and_VK247_detects_complex_Plasmodium_vivax_infections_in_malaria_endemic_populations_in_Papua_New_Guinea">High-throughput molecular diagnosis of circumsporozoite variants VK210 and VK247 detects complex Plasmodium vivax infections in malaria endemic populations in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Infection, Genetics and Evolution</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Malaria is endemic in lowland and coastal regions of Papua New Guinea (PNG), and is caused by Pla...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Malaria is endemic in lowland and coastal regions of Papua New Guinea (PNG), and is caused by Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale. Infection by P. vivax is attributed to distinct strains, VK210 and VK247, which differ in the sequence of the circumsporozoite protein (pvcsp). Here, based upon sequence polymorphisms in pvcsp, we developed a post-PCR ligation detection reaction-fluorescent microsphere assay (LDR-FMA) to distinguish these P. vivax strains. This diagnostic assay was designed to detect the presence of both VK210 and VK247 P. vivax strains simultaneously in a high-throughput 96-well format. Using this assay, we analyzed human blood samples from the Wosera (n = 703) and Mugil (n = 986) regions to evaluate the prevalence of these P. vivax strains. VK210 and VK247 strains were found in both study sites. In the Wosera, single infections with VK210 strain were observed to be most common (41.7%), followed by mixed-strain (36.8%) and VK247 single-strain infections (21.5%). Similarly, in Mugil, VK210 single-strain infections were most common (51.6%), followed by mixed-strain (34.4%) and VK247 single-strain infections (14%). These results suggest that the distribution of P. vivax infections was similar between the two study sites. Interestingly, we observed a non-random distribution of these two P. vivax strains, as mixed-strain infections were significantly more prevalent than expected in both study sites (Wosera and Mugil x 2 pvalue < 0.001). Additionally, DNA sequence analysis of a subset of P. vivax infections showed that no individual pvcsp alleles were shared between the two study sites. Overall, our results illustrate that PNG malaria-endemic regions harbor a complex mixture of P. vivax strains, and emphasize the importance of malaria control strategies that would be effective against a highly diverse parasite population. ß</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e2f63d0ce787c52ced791cee7c91aed5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951950,"asset_id":21507252,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951950/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507252"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507252"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507252; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21507252]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21507252]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507252; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='21507252']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e2f63d0ce787c52ced791cee7c91aed5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=21507252]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":21507252,"title":"High-throughput molecular diagnosis of circumsporozoite variants VK210 and VK247 detects complex Plasmodium vivax infections in malaria endemic populations in Papua New Guinea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21507252/High_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_circumsporozoite_variants_VK210_and_VK247_detects_complex_Plasmodium_vivax_infections_in_malaria_endemic_populations_in_Papua_New_Guinea","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[{"id":41951950,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951950/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.meegid.2010.11.010.pdf20160203-25368-uk5aij","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951950/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/41951950/j.meegid.2010.11.010-libre.pdf20160203-25368-uk5aij?1454509508=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1740475784\u0026Signature=fVw1FCl6P4cVXHMD2nhzQqVguKsUe8NhUGvYZL3HXfPIbjvJ9MspBYmIjvXsxnkpm~kI-1WBoxOLVSpFnPNpL3sfo25-TOnmUZTAHawwAc9j8tsakhqxU7D7KGuvpacbJZDhCURBkN-TNGOata8oC6wuGmp8YUOsWQMH1XUhaRgojzR6rnAhCJ~x1lPUsKJPkooAQ4q8AUgMvEPTVoVWqH---Z3Doht6PW2xKt213IJAykHY8xIz7O1Aimsalcd0mrdqaWtuWyXzdXWmihUqPYaq690Vl-PZbqdbX5OIuxOUiECNIWUiW-JFyoBmarnZaKUPzB9Vi8np-3eQGgifYg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="4539539" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="126531943"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/126531943/Investigation_of_risk_factors_for_better_control_and_surveillance_of_lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of risk factors for better control and surveillance of lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/120395671/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/126531943/Investigation_of_risk_factors_for_better_control_and_surveillance_of_lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea">Investigation of risk factors for better control and surveillance of lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Gedion Sabumei and BJ. I would like to make a special mention of Mr John Koinari and his wife for...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Gedion Sabumei and BJ. I would like to make a special mention of Mr John Koinari and his wife for accommodation and cooking for me and my field team at Korona whenever we were there to conduct field activities, they also made community sensitization so easy for me. I would also like to thank the community leaders and the communities where my study was carried out, the Waput, Yakumbu, Raikos settlement in Ramu Agro, the Korona, Koinduna, Tongona communities and all the local participants in the study. Also the local mosquito collectors who without them I would not have mosquitoes to process for this study. The CNTD admin staff for the many research assistance I received, Rinki Deb for the help with ethics write-up, Michelle Stanton with help on getting started with ArcGIS and SPSS data analysis, Hannah Betts with SPSS and QGIS, Hayley Mableson for showing me how to format my thesis, and to Louise Melia and Sara Donovan for LSTM travel and logistics, as well as all the others in the CNTD group, who I have not mentioned specifically, I am very much indebted to you for your assistance and patience with me. I'd also like to mention the Vector Group at LSTM for the bench space and authorization to use the lab facilities for mosquito processing. Another vital part of this PhD, the Department for International Development (DFID) funding, without which my project would not have been possible. Many thanks to the Department of Health, PNG, my employer the duration of my PhD, very special thanks to my immediate boss at the Department, Mr Leo S. Makita, Program Officer for Malaria & Vector Borne Diseases, for trusting me and giving me unwavering support for the last 7 years, you are truly one of a kind. Not forgetting Dr Sibauk V. Bieb, Executive Manager for Public Health for encouragement to complete my PhD. My colleagues at MSCU, Pauline, Mary, Mama Tara and Rosh, thanks for keeping it real for me in the last 4 years of my PhD. Lastly, my family; Mummy, Daddy, apas Sandra, Lynette & Lashma, ambo Doddy & family, my son Phillip and niece Samelyn and my beloved Winter, thank you for your prayers, love and support.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c90088a06c75e2a4ba097536e93860a6" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":120395671,"asset_id":126531943,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120395671/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="126531943"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="126531943"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 126531943; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="99001979"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/99001979/Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_dominant_lineage_of_SARS_CoV_2_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Genomic characterisation reveals a dominant lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100203288/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/99001979/Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_dominant_lineage_of_SARS_CoV_2_in_Papua_New_Guinea">Genomic characterisation reveals a dominant lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Virus Evolution</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The coronavirus disease pandemic has highlighted the utility of pathogen genomics as a key part o...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The coronavirus disease pandemic has highlighted the utility of pathogen genomics as a key part of comprehensive public health response to emerging infectious diseases threats, however, the ability to generate, analyse, and respond to pathogen genomic data varies around the world. Papua New Guinea (PNG), which has limited in-country capacity for genomics, has experienced significant outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with initial genomics data indicating a large proportion of cases were from lineages that are not well defined within the current nomenclature. Through a partnership between in-country public health agencies and academic organisations, industry, and a public health genomics reference laboratory in Australia a system for routine SARS-CoV-2 genomics from PNG was established. Here we aim to characterise and describe the genomics of PNG’s second wave and examine the sudden expansion of a lineage that is not well defined but very preval...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9d756c10ec0183f869cb2958d26db9c0" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":100203288,"asset_id":99001979,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100203288/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="99001979"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="99001979"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99001979; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99001979]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=99001979]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 99001979; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='99001979']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9d756c10ec0183f869cb2958d26db9c0" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=99001979]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":99001979,"title":"Genomic characterisation reveals a dominant lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in Papua New Guinea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/99001979/Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_dominant_lineage_of_SARS_CoV_2_in_Papua_New_Guinea","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[{"id":100203288,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100203288/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"veac033.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100203288/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_domin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100203288/veac033-libre.pdf?1679606532=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGenomic_characterisation_reveals_a_domin.pdf\u0026Expires=1740546213\u0026Signature=PePr-LrUZWN27DdF7nJf4T1cxfyYpR3y9r1nHC5wx7il9urhNxn36lYXo~a38B0Jug5kasXb5~DlWka5MMOHzSIFJIp6LLsmo2pglrRugiAtOY63X7fzMbzGJYK76y0nf3s5DN6p552pEdLVWB-RLgMcigNgN9ixMy5gYVFJ0MgURmasr-om5bqvNGsdoDiulwJUCU6kLchgV14yXsPrCSkc1S~-iPKZvETKEpgqLYuSkTIKUvSpkCiBKa1ch8yBDY2KgjbWmzi6dQ1-GBbQ7ul09HiY67M4hkV955bhLTGr4Z1noDFkIkL5giYkl8Xw16fnjHOtU-hCnqN26FwuUw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":100203289,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/100203289/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"veac033.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/100203289/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Genomic_characterisation_reveals_a_domin.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/100203289/veac033-libre.pdf?1679606529=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGenomic_characterisation_reveals_a_domin.pdf\u0026Expires=1740546213\u0026Signature=gJiH6Go~21px40vr3Fyc4MLif9b8MrsOECV29WYDjaSQM2U~xqcG9vfhX6xk42gjQklbrjYuNGJjyXB8qHaxUWHlLoOA6TQlCCJB3Iecmt94d2rG63WXnclrXaj8oQBjNCyk~cU4UmlaOt6LBXO-5vX3VNIOr4ts5rk4M7zimkc6pOOEVE2cRwmyzCc32LbCVfMdvHGQh~qsM-6hjcRhG4LY-2OWgUmuK0atNOJXtrwlxrNFV1PzsaGdp2r5HeMQEwgA9umipI8dlr6ZSzCdlxZZTKrRdNdgxwJv6RmtE5KSN8KASVLtytDWK1opeWt2AqGdCNHUpOCTbnTgaHNrTw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879310"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879310/Genomic_Sequencing_of_Dengue_Virus_Strains_Associated_with_Papua_New_Guinean_Outbreaks_in_2016_Reveals_Endemic_Circulation_of_DENV_1_and_DENV_2"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Genomic Sequencing of Dengue Virus Strains Associated with Papua New Guinean Outbreaks in 2016 Reveals Endemic Circulation of DENV-1 and DENV-2" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236147/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879310/Genomic_Sequencing_of_Dengue_Virus_Strains_Associated_with_Papua_New_Guinean_Outbreaks_in_2016_Reveals_Endemic_Circulation_of_DENV_1_and_DENV_2">Genomic Sequencing of Dengue Virus Strains Associated with Papua New Guinean Outbreaks in 2016 Reveals Endemic Circulation of DENV-1 and DENV-2</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Over the past decade, the Pacific region has experienced many arboviral outbreaks, including deng...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Over the past decade, the Pacific region has experienced many arboviral outbreaks, including dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses. Papua New Guinea (PNG) has a high burden of arboviral diseases, but there is a paucity of knowledge about the epidemiology and circulation of these viruses in the country. In this study, we report investigations into suspected arboviral outbreaks of febrile disease in PNG from December 2015 to June 2017. DENV-1 and DENV-2 were the mostly commonly detected viruses, and low circulation of DENV-3 and ZIKV was also detected. DENV-4 and CHIKV were not detected during this period. Full genome sequencing of selected positive samples revealed that circulation was dominated by endemic indigenous strains belonging to DENV-1 (genotype IV) and DENV-2 (genotype C) that have been present in the country for up to a decade. A DENV-2 sublineage was also identified that has been associated with outbreaks of severe dengue in both PNG and the Solomon Islands.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a8bfcb19b073aa15c15833f1aa3cf240" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91236147,"asset_id":86879310,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236147/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879310"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879310"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879310; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879310]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879310]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879310; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879310']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a8bfcb19b073aa15c15833f1aa3cf240" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86879310]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86879310,"title":"Genomic Sequencing of Dengue Virus Strains Associated with Papua New Guinean Outbreaks in 2016 Reveals Endemic Circulation of DENV-1 and DENV-2","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86879310/Genomic_Sequencing_of_Dengue_Virus_Strains_Associated_with_Papua_New_Guinean_Outbreaks_in_2016_Reveals_Endemic_Circulation_of_DENV_1_and_DENV_2","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[{"id":91236147,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236147/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"article-10.4269-ajtmh.21-1292.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236147/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Genomic_Sequencing_of_Dengue_Virus_Strai.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91236147/article-10.4269-ajtmh.21-1292-libre.pdf?1663567936=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DGenomic_Sequencing_of_Dengue_Virus_Strai.pdf\u0026Expires=1740546213\u0026Signature=br8XD7YHoAWLPQvpWsMDKjQ8-piOllGslezKsKd8stpIh13cXsR1ddNwWF~pEEfNZUttU2HPr8gMsjWFUs9vHiSwuPtBK8X-vYB8qZbc0SHqaG-MfQUgriNHOTKpFZhxXZuJ-A2AiqdUPvUYlGV~J0fcx3zZMuHSJrrOvoKVJAQiwTX-Kvc7kNS3AhKoQ0PPutGGAy6GEoapr5YUmJqSWqE79Obx5NrJ6aRo9xtznnhbWmT-pGZgWpNwW~8nHKQ2Kz5u7P9uxoI8Ppx0T2WVshzdsiAtYOrkA9cu-z5V2zgJwC54Rq-jZNyz9jOoN2XhsMbFNpDlG7fBRBrvMqSnxg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879308"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879308/Mosquito_collections_and_filarial_DNA_rates_in_mosquitoes_before_and_after_mass_drug_administration_MDA_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Mosquito collections and filarial DNA rates in mosquitoes before and after mass drug administration (MDA)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879308/Mosquito_collections_and_filarial_DNA_rates_in_mosquitoes_before_and_after_mass_drug_administration_MDA_">Mosquito collections and filarial DNA rates in mosquitoes before and after mass drug administration (MDA)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">&lt;p&gt;Filarial DNA was detected in mosquitoes by PCR, and rates (maximum likelihood with 95% C...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">&lt;p&gt;Filarial DNA was detected in mosquitoes by PCR, and rates (maximum likelihood with 95% CI) were estimated by PoolScreen. The filarial DNA rate in mosquitoes collected in the MDA-3 survey (6 to 9 months after the third round of MDA) represented a 92.3% decrease from the rate in mosquitoes collected during the pre-MDA-B survey (just prior to the first round of MDA).&lt;/p</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879308"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879308"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879308; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879306"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879306/Incidence_events_and_incidence_rates_for_anti_filarial_antibodies_and_filarial_antigenemia_before_and_after_mass_drug_administration_MDA_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Incidence events and incidence rates for anti-filarial antibodies and filarial antigenemia before and after mass drug administration (MDA)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879306/Incidence_events_and_incidence_rates_for_anti_filarial_antibodies_and_filarial_antigenemia_before_and_after_mass_drug_administration_MDA_">Incidence events and incidence rates for anti-filarial antibodies and filarial antigenemia before and after mass drug administration (MDA)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">&lt;p&gt;Incidence events for each test were defined as positive tests in people who had tested n...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">&lt;p&gt;Incidence events for each test were defined as positive tests in people who had tested negative in the prior survey and who had never had a positive test in prior years. This analysis is restricted to persons with data available for consecutive years. The pre-MDA-B incidence data are for a 2 year interval (with annual incidence rates shown in parentheses). Other incidence data are for one year intervals. Annual incidence rates for the 2 year period between pre-MDA-A and pre-MDA-B were significantly higher than rates for the two years following the first round of MDA (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.001 by chi-square for all comparisons).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Abbreviations: CFA, circulating filarial antigenemia; Bm14, IgG&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; antibodies to recombinant filarial antigen Bm14.&lt;/p</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879306"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879306"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879306; 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$a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879304"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879304/Additional_file_1_of_Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Additional file 1: of Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879304/Additional_file_1_of_Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys">Additional file 1: of Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Table S1. Description of the types of changes made to update survey locations. Table S2 Estimated...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Table S1. Description of the types of changes made to update survey locations. Table S2 Estimated parametersâ Differentiated Scenario A models. Table S3 Estimated parametersâ Scenario B models. Figure S1 Comparison of optimum models from Scenario A and B. (a) Plot of the paired predicted antigen prevalence. (b) Difference of predicted antigen prevalence. (DOCX 88 kb)</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879304"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879304"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879304; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879304]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879304]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879304; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879304']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86879304]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86879304,"title":"Additional file 1: of Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86879304/Additional_file_1_of_Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879303"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879303/Investigation_of_risk_factors_for_better_control_and_surveillance_of_lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Investigation of risk factors for better control and surveillance of lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236145/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879303/Investigation_of_risk_factors_for_better_control_and_surveillance_of_lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea">Investigation of risk factors for better control and surveillance of lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">First and foremost, it gives me great pleasure to acknowledge my supervisors, Dr Louise Kelly-Hop...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">First and foremost, it gives me great pleasure to acknowledge my supervisors, Dr Louise Kelly-Hope (Primary), Prof. Moses J. Bockarie and Dr Lisa Reimer. Prof Bockarie for the initial planning stages of my PhD project and the entomology section planning, Dr Reimer for entomological planning stages while she was still in PNGIMR and then in LSTM where she assisted so greatly in securing bench space for me to complete laboratory analyses of my mosquito samples. However, I really think all this would never have been possible without Dr Louise Kelly-Hope. You have been that light in the darkest tunnel for me, I am forever indebted to you and your family, for stealing your family time and most of all giving you white hairs ☺ 1. To review LF research in PNG, with specific focus on entomology in Madang Province 2. To map W. bancrofti antigen (Ag) prevalence and risk factors associated with LF in Madang Province 3. To micro-map and spatially analysis MF prevalence in a highly endemic village in Madang Province 4. To examine the distribution and incrimination of Anopheles species in LF transmission in a highly endemic village in Madang Province</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="84f79bc81edefac118cb80202fb472fe" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91236145,"asset_id":86879303,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236145/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879303"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879303"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879303; 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DNA sequences for 36 individuals of Aedes albopictus for a small section of th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Additional file 1. DNA sequences for 36 individuals of Aedes albopictus for a small section of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene (Vssc) from S6, domain III.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879301"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879301"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879301; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879301]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879301]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879301; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879301']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86879301]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86879301,"title":"MOESM1 of Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes in Papua New Guinea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86879301/MOESM1_of_Insecticide_resistance_status_of_Aedes_aegypti_and_Aedes_albopictus_mosquitoes_in_Papua_New_Guinea","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879299"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879299/RESEARCH_Open_Access_Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of RESEARCH Open Access Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879299/RESEARCH_Open_Access_Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea">RESEARCH Open Access Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">distribution at district level and impact of mass national burden, identifies gaps in knowledge, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">distribution at district level and impact of mass national burden, identifies gaps in knowledge, quantifies and locates the population at risk, and can be used to Graves et al. Parasites & Vectors 2013, 6:7</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879299"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879299"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879299; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879299]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879299]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879299; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879299']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86879299]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86879299,"title":"RESEARCH Open Access Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86879299/RESEARCH_Open_Access_Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879297"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879297/The_Risk_of_Malarial_Infections_and_Disease_in_Papua_New_Guinean_Children"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Risk of Malarial Infections and Disease in Papua New Guinean Children" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236184/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879297/The_Risk_of_Malarial_Infections_and_Disease_in_Papua_New_Guinean_Children">The Risk of Malarial Infections and Disease in Papua New Guinean Children</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In a treatment re-infection study of 206 Papua New Guinean school children, we examined risk of r...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In a treatment re-infection study of 206 Papua New Guinean school children, we examined risk of reinfection and symptomatic malaria caused by different Plasmodium species. Although children acquired a similar number of polymerase chain reaction-detectable Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections in six months of active follow-up (P. falciparum ‫ס‬ 5.00, P. vivax ‫ס‬ 5.28), they were 21 times more likely to develop symptomatic P. falciparum malaria (1.17/year) than P. vivax malaria (0.06/year). Children greater than nine years of age had a reduced risk of acquiring P. vivax infections of low-to-moderate (>150/L) density (adjusted hazard rate [AHR] ‫ס‬ 0.65 and 0.42), whereas similar reductions in risk with age of P. falciparum infection was only seen for parasitemias > 5,000/L (AHR ‫ס‬ 0.49) and symptomatic episodes (AHR ‫ס‬ 0.51). Infection and symptomatic episodes with P. malariae and P. ovale were rare. By nine years of age, children have thus acquired almost complete clinical immunity to P. vivax characterized by a very tight control of parasite density, whereas the acquisition of immunity to symptomatic P. falciparum malaria remained incomplete. These observations suggest that different mechanisms of immunity may be important for protection from these malaria species.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="a56a2333b5cd38f6e67744105a224456" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91236184,"asset_id":86879297,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236184/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879297"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879297"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879297; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879297]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879297]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879297; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879297']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "a56a2333b5cd38f6e67744105a224456" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=86879297]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":86879297,"title":"The Risk of Malarial Infections and Disease in Papua New Guinean Children","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/86879297/The_Risk_of_Malarial_Infections_and_Disease_in_Papua_New_Guinean_Children","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[{"id":91236184,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236184/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"0760997.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236184/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_Risk_of_Malarial_Infections_and_Dise.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/91236184/0760997-libre.pdf?1663567927=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_Risk_of_Malarial_Infections_and_Dise.pdf\u0026Expires=1740546214\u0026Signature=BsZwBY2DGtwFMnQL4nLqKKPSkqeVCIUz1p2tXh1aw71M41kBaSFCl8Noqd2p0fWdGPUbSZlEdxwYAd~O~pfKDrP6uOAXIJjIDGGha9HCBqGa1UjMp3mqRL7u3YJHRqQAfUF2aVXNgZ73IIMf2jI1THl~zWOc6yW-DzBVlrCp8LTlKbfKPqF4FrHoWns~OfzWAk9r3A-BvBr~mQRHyr1Xk~xBrVczfVirYpHTeKPReO7OXDTOXRa7X7lyDyTjPtJ1XtY0gJpbCxCAZJ7mg7EnuNOe-LIXSMjdKAPIvwB~9GTeu0wJ6N5z2alfnh7FOWTal8qHBIUzW2ASoeFyaKQHiw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879294"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879294/Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236097/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879294/Combining_different_diagnostic_studies_of_lymphatic_filariasis_for_risk_mapping_in_Papua_New_Guinea_a_predictive_model_from_microfilaraemia_and_antigenaemia_prevalence_surveys">Combining different diagnostic studies of lymphatic filariasis for risk mapping in Papua New Guinea: a predictive model from microfilaraemia and antigenaemia prevalence surveys</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Tropical Medicine and Health</span><span>, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis has encouraged countries to fo...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis has encouraged countries to follow a set of guidelines to help them assess the need for mass drug administration and evaluate its progress. Papua New Guinea (PNG) is one of the highest priority countries in the Western Pacific for lymphatic filariasis and the site of extensive research on lymphatic filariasis and surveys of its prevalence. However, different diagnostic tests have been used and thresholds for each test are unclear. Methods: We reviewed the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis reported in 295 surveys conducted in PNG between 1990 and 2014, of which 65 used more than one test. Results from different diagnostics were standardised using a set of criteria that included a model to predict antigen prevalence from microfilariae prevalence. We mapped the point location of each of these surveys and categorised their standardised prevalence estimates. Results: Several predictive models were produced and investigated, including the effect of any mass drug administration and number of rounds prior to the surveys. One model was chosen based on goodness of fit parameters and used to predict antigen prevalence for surveys that tested only for microfilariae. Standardised prevalence values show that 72% of all surveys reported a prevalence above 0.05. High prevalence was situated on the coastal north, south and island regions, while the central highland area of Papua New Guinea shows low levels of prevalence. Conclusions: Our study is the first to provide an explicit predictive relationship between the prevalence values based on empirical results from antigen and microfilaria tests, taking into account the occurrence of mass drug administration. This is a crucial step to combine studies to develop risk maps of lymphatic filariasis for programme planning and evaluation, as shown in the case of Papua New Guinea.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d8a2174d613e1d905b2bc8031a5af2ac" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91236097,"asset_id":86879294,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236097/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879294"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879294"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879294; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="86879209"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879209/Outbreak_of"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Outbreak of" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/91236081/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/86879209/Outbreak_of">Outbreak of</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">detected an increase in febrile illnesses in Vanimo. Chikungunya virus of the Eastern/Central/Sou...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">detected an increase in febrile illnesses in Vanimo. Chikungunya virus of the Eastern/Central/Southern African genotype harboring the E1:A226V mutation was identified. This ongoing outbreak has spread to&gt;8 other provinces and has had a harmful effect on public health. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus of the family Togaviridae and genus Alphavirus. CHIKV can be classified into 3 distinct genotypes: Asian, Eastern/Central/Southern African (ECSA), and Western African. The usual vectors for CHIKV are Aedes aegypti mosquitoes; Ae. albopictus mosquitoes are a potential secondary vector. Human infection with CHIKV results in illness characterized by high fever, severe polyarthralgia, headache, maculopapular rash, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting. CHIKV has recently been responsible for explosive outbreaks of disease in the Indian Ocean region (1) and southern India (2). Before June 2012, chikungunya had not been reported in Papua New Guinea. The recent increase in ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="657295892cdd3a9e77840cfb8afb34ae" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":91236081,"asset_id":86879209,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/91236081/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="86879209"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="86879209"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879209; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879209]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=86879209]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 86879209; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='86879209']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507261"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507261/A_real_time_PCR_based_assay_for_detection_of_Wuchereria_bancrofti_DNA_in_blood_and_mosquitoes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A real-time PCR-based assay for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in blood and mosquitoes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951952/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507261/A_real_time_PCR_based_assay_for_detection_of_Wuchereria_bancrofti_DNA_in_blood_and_mosquitoes">A real-time PCR-based assay for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in blood and mosquitoes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene</span><span>, 2006</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">We developed and evaluated real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for detecting Wuchere...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">We developed and evaluated real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for detecting Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in human blood and in mosquitoes. An assay based on detection of the W. bancrofti &quot;LDR&quot; repeat DNA sequence was more sensitive than an assay for Wolbachia 16S rDNA. The LDR-based assay was sensitive for detecting microfilarial DNA on dried membrane filters or on filter paper. We also compared real-time PCR with conventional PCR (C-PCR) for detecting W. bancrofti DNA in mosquito samples collected in endemic areas in Egypt and Papua New Guinea. Although the two methods had comparable sensitivity for detecting filarial DNA in reference samples, real-time PCR was more sensitive than C-PCR in practice with field samples. Other advantages of real-time PCR include its high-throughput capacity and decreased risk of cross-contamination between test samples. We believe that real-time PCR has great potential as a tool for monitoring progress in large-scale filariasis eli...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="896d9e82c3e158e8eef0466b9daed1df" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951952,"asset_id":21507261,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951952/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507261"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507261"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507261; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "896d9e82c3e158e8eef0466b9daed1df" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=21507261]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":21507261,"title":"A real-time PCR-based assay for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in blood and mosquitoes","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21507261/A_real_time_PCR_based_assay_for_detection_of_Wuchereria_bancrofti_DNA_in_blood_and_mosquitoes","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[{"id":41951952,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951952/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"A_real-time_PCR-based_assay_for_detectio20160203-26844-12npr0w.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951952/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"A_real_time_PCR_based_assay_for_detectio.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/41951952/A_real-time_PCR-based_assay_for_detectio20160203-26844-12npr0w-libre.pdf?1454509509=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DA_real_time_PCR_based_assay_for_detectio.pdf\u0026Expires=1740546214\u0026Signature=ahIl8WPcdU4TylumnUsZO63GqCxh54bTUeW095v~qGEg~6f5sIYJMxsNLHcODi6pBIg4HD3pOFUawo158rOf7ElhVMyuRK1I04KQrf~xPxS8zOQrdAtmf88Y0DGhVSu0biG1VJoGxyKm~Mxu6CXk9k3KBHiFhPMLw2lTaa~yXIlcS4addkSusKW52WRdgZCxUFgIeQ11hEa9kP~7nQyCWITWKYeDQT6RQmuXC0t~FdEwEdhnaQVM9WlcSdgomc6FKzko6nk3koK-vmooAfxwJdQGqBE0t0vwE2cTh3pEoZGrNbBZ~aXMvjTuqg4-cQV1qS0myBPs8hr7PLGSdSZLUg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507259"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507259/A_qPCR_based_multiplex_assay_for_the_detection_of_Wuchereria_bancrofti_Plasmodium_falciparum_and_Plasmodium_vivax_DNA"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A qPCR-based multiplex assay for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax DNA" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507259/A_qPCR_based_multiplex_assay_for_the_detection_of_Wuchereria_bancrofti_Plasmodium_falciparum_and_Plasmodium_vivax_DNA">A qPCR-based multiplex assay for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax DNA</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The purpose of this study was to develop real-time multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays for t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The purpose of this study was to develop real-time multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays for the simultaneous detection of Wuchereria bancrofti (Wb), Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) and P. vivax (Pv) in mosquitoes. We optimized the assays with purified DNA samples and then used these assays to test DNA samples isolated from Anopheles punctulatus mosquitoes collected in villages in Papua New Guinea where these infections are co-endemic. Singleplex assays detected Wb, Pf and Pv DNA in 32%, 19% and 15% of the mosquito pools, respectively, either alone or together with other parasites. Multiplex assay results agreed with singleplex results in most cases. Overall parasite DNA rates in mosquitoes, estimated by PoolScreen 2 software, for Wb, Pf and Pv were 4.9%, 2.7% and 2.1%, respectively. Parasite DNA rates were consistently higher in blood-fed mosquitoes than in host-seeking mosquitoes. Our results show that multiplex qPCR can be used to detect and estimate prevalence rates for multiple parasite species in arthropod vectors. We believe that multiplex molecular xenodiagnosis has great potential as a tool for non-invasively assessing the distribution and prevalence of vector-borne pathogens such as W. bancrofti and Plasmodium spp. in human populations and for assessing the impact of interventions aimed at controlling or eliminating these diseases.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507259"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507259"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507259; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507258"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507258/The_Impact_of_Repeated_Rounds_of_Mass_Drug_Administration_with_Diethylcarbamazine_Plus_Albendazole_on_Bancroftian_Filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Repeated Rounds of Mass Drug Administration with Diethylcarbamazine Plus Albendazole on Bancroftian Filariasis in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951953/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507258/The_Impact_of_Repeated_Rounds_of_Mass_Drug_Administration_with_Diethylcarbamazine_Plus_Albendazole_on_Bancroftian_Filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea">The Impact of Repeated Rounds of Mass Drug Administration with Diethylcarbamazine Plus Albendazole on Bancroftian Filariasis in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: This study employed various monitoring methods to assess the impact of repeated round...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: This study employed various monitoring methods to assess the impact of repeated rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) on bancroftian filariasis in Papua New Guinea, which has the largest filariasis problem in the Pacific region.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f95bfcbef6dad3bd3f179448f3df95f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951953,"asset_id":21507258,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951953/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507258"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507258"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507258; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507256"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507256/Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea_distribution_at_district_level_and_impact_of_mass_drug_administration_1980_to_2011"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea: distribution at district level and impact of mass drug administration, 1980 to 2011" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951955/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507256/Lymphatic_filariasis_in_Papua_New_Guinea_distribution_at_district_level_and_impact_of_mass_drug_administration_1980_to_2011">Lymphatic filariasis in Papua New Guinea: distribution at district level and impact of mass drug administration, 1980 to 2011</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu">Melinda Susapu</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeoMakita">Leo Makita</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://rti.academia.edu/mollybrady">molly brady</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZaixingZhang">Zaixing Zhang</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Parasites & Vectors</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is present at high prevalenc...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is present at high prevalence in some parts of Papua New Guinea. However, there has been no rigorous data-based representative assessment of nationwide prevalence of LF. The LF programme has been daunted by the scope of the problem, and progress on mass drug administration (MDA) has been slow and lacking in resources.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d9c43dd0018e54a9592ada423fb75822" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951955,"asset_id":21507256,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951955/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507256"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507256"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507256; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507254"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507254/Insecticidal_Bed_Nets_and_Filariasis_Transmission_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Insecticidal Bed Nets and Filariasis Transmission in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951956/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507254/Insecticidal_Bed_Nets_and_Filariasis_Transmission_in_Papua_New_Guinea">Insecticidal Bed Nets and Filariasis Transmission in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>New England Journal of Medicine</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Global efforts to eliminate lymphatic filariasis are based on the annual mass administration of a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Global efforts to eliminate lymphatic filariasis are based on the annual mass administration of antifilarial drugs to reduce the microfilaria reservoir available to the mosquito vector. Insecticide-treated bed nets are being widely used in areas in which filariasis and malaria are coendemic.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="004c02156249eb93b8a217d1f8d91f8f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951956,"asset_id":21507254,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951956/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507254"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507254"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507254; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507252"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507252/High_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_circumsporozoite_variants_VK210_and_VK247_detects_complex_Plasmodium_vivax_infections_in_malaria_endemic_populations_in_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of High-throughput molecular diagnosis of circumsporozoite variants VK210 and VK247 detects complex Plasmodium vivax infections in malaria endemic populations in Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951950/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507252/High_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_circumsporozoite_variants_VK210_and_VK247_detects_complex_Plasmodium_vivax_infections_in_malaria_endemic_populations_in_Papua_New_Guinea">High-throughput molecular diagnosis of circumsporozoite variants VK210 and VK247 detects complex Plasmodium vivax infections in malaria endemic populations in Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Infection, Genetics and Evolution</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Malaria is endemic in lowland and coastal regions of Papua New Guinea (PNG), and is caused by Pla...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Malaria is endemic in lowland and coastal regions of Papua New Guinea (PNG), and is caused by Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale. Infection by P. vivax is attributed to distinct strains, VK210 and VK247, which differ in the sequence of the circumsporozoite protein (pvcsp). Here, based upon sequence polymorphisms in pvcsp, we developed a post-PCR ligation detection reaction-fluorescent microsphere assay (LDR-FMA) to distinguish these P. vivax strains. This diagnostic assay was designed to detect the presence of both VK210 and VK247 P. vivax strains simultaneously in a high-throughput 96-well format. Using this assay, we analyzed human blood samples from the Wosera (n = 703) and Mugil (n = 986) regions to evaluate the prevalence of these P. vivax strains. VK210 and VK247 strains were found in both study sites. In the Wosera, single infections with VK210 strain were observed to be most common (41.7%), followed by mixed-strain (36.8%) and VK247 single-strain infections (21.5%). Similarly, in Mugil, VK210 single-strain infections were most common (51.6%), followed by mixed-strain (34.4%) and VK247 single-strain infections (14%). These results suggest that the distribution of P. vivax infections was similar between the two study sites. Interestingly, we observed a non-random distribution of these two P. vivax strains, as mixed-strain infections were significantly more prevalent than expected in both study sites (Wosera and Mugil x 2 pvalue < 0.001). Additionally, DNA sequence analysis of a subset of P. vivax infections showed that no individual pvcsp alleles were shared between the two study sites. Overall, our results illustrate that PNG malaria-endemic regions harbor a complex mixture of P. vivax strains, and emphasize the importance of malaria control strategies that would be effective against a highly diverse parasite population. ß</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e2f63d0ce787c52ced791cee7c91aed5" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951950,"asset_id":21507252,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951950/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507252"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507252"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507252; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21507252]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21507252]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507252; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='21507252']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e2f63d0ce787c52ced791cee7c91aed5" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=21507252]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":21507252,"title":"High-throughput molecular diagnosis of circumsporozoite variants VK210 and VK247 detects complex Plasmodium vivax infections in malaria endemic populations in Papua New Guinea","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/21507252/High_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_circumsporozoite_variants_VK210_and_VK247_detects_complex_Plasmodium_vivax_infections_in_malaria_endemic_populations_in_Papua_New_Guinea","owner_id":42599603,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":42599603,"first_name":"Melinda","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Susapu","page_name":"MelindaSusapu","domain_name":"liverpool","created_at":"2016-02-03T06:20:55.889-08:00","display_name":"Melinda Susapu","url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu"},"attachments":[{"id":41951950,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951950/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"j.meegid.2010.11.010.pdf20160203-25368-uk5aij","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951950/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_c.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/41951950/j.meegid.2010.11.010-libre.pdf20160203-25368-uk5aij?1454509508=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_throughput_molecular_diagnosis_of_c.pdf\u0026Expires=1740475784\u0026Signature=fVw1FCl6P4cVXHMD2nhzQqVguKsUe8NhUGvYZL3HXfPIbjvJ9MspBYmIjvXsxnkpm~kI-1WBoxOLVSpFnPNpL3sfo25-TOnmUZTAHawwAc9j8tsakhqxU7D7KGuvpacbJZDhCURBkN-TNGOata8oC6wuGmp8YUOsWQMH1XUhaRgojzR6rnAhCJ~x1lPUsKJPkooAQ4q8AUgMvEPTVoVWqH---Z3Doht6PW2xKt213IJAykHY8xIz7O1Aimsalcd0mrdqaWtuWyXzdXWmihUqPYaq690Vl-PZbqdbX5OIuxOUiECNIWUiW-JFyoBmarnZaKUPzB9Vi8np-3eQGgifYg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="21507250"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507250/Outbreak_of_Chikungunya_Virus_Infection_Vanimo_Papua_New_Guinea"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Outbreak of Chikungunya Virus Infection, Vanimo, Papua New Guinea" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/41951951/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/21507250/Outbreak_of_Chikungunya_Virus_Infection_Vanimo_Papua_New_Guinea">Outbreak of Chikungunya Virus Infection, Vanimo, Papua New Guinea</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://liverpool.academia.edu/MelindaSusapu">Melinda Susapu</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GraceBande">Grace Bande</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Emerging Infectious Diseases</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e1cc2db62a5b07dc9f45371e63175696" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":41951951,"asset_id":21507250,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41951951/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="21507250"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21507250"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21507250; 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