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He hands nations over to him and subdues kings before him. He turns them to dust with his sword, to windblown chaff with his bow. <a href="/nlt/isaiah/41.htm">New Living Translation</a> “Who has stirred up this king from the east, rightly calling him to God’s service? Who gives this man victory over many nations and permits him to trample their kings underfoot? With his sword, he reduces armies to dust. With his bow, he scatters them like chaff before the wind. <a href="/esv/isaiah/41.htm">English Standard Version</a> Who stirred up one from the east whom victory meets at every step? He gives up nations before him, so that he tramples kings underfoot; he makes them like dust with his sword, like driven stubble with his bow. <a href="/bsb/isaiah/41.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Who has aroused one from the east and called him to his feet in righteousness? He hands nations over to him and subdues kings before him. He turns them to dust with his sword, to windblown chaff with his bow. <a href="/kjv/isaiah/41.htm">King James Bible</a> Who raised up the righteous man from the east, called him to his foot, gave the nations before him, and made him rule over kings? he gave them as the dust to his sword, and as driven stubble to his bow. <a href="/nkjv/isaiah/41.htm">New King James Version</a> “Who raised up one from the east? Who in righteousness called him to His feet? Who gave the nations before him, And made him rule over kings? Who gave them as the dust to his sword, As driven stubble to his bow? <a href="/nasb_/isaiah/41.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> “Who has stirred one from the east Whom He calls in righteousness to His feet? He turns nations over to him And subdues kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, Like the wind-driven chaff with his bow. <a href="/nasb/isaiah/41.htm">NASB 1995</a> &#8220Who has aroused one from the east Whom He calls in righteousness to His feet? He delivers up nations before him And subdues kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, As the wind-driven chaff with his bow. <a href="/nasb77/isaiah/41.htm">NASB 1977 </a> “Who has aroused one from the east Whom He calls in righteousness to His feet? He delivers up nations before him, And subdues kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, As the wind-driven chaff with his bow. <a href="/lsb/isaiah/41.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Who has awakened one from the east Whom He calls in righteousness to His feet? He gives up nations before him And has dominion over kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, As the wind-driven chaff with his bow. <a href="/amp/isaiah/41.htm">Amplified Bible</a> “Who has stirred up and put into action one from the east [the king of Persia, Cyrus the Great] Whom He calls in righteousness to His service and whom victory meets at every step? The LORD turns nations over to him And subdues kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, Like wind-driven chaff with his bow. <a href="/csb/isaiah/41.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Who has stirred up someone from the east? In righteousness he calls him to serve. The LORD hands nations over to him, and he subdues kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, like wind-driven stubble with his bow. <a href="/hcsb/isaiah/41.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Who has stirred him up from the east? He calls righteousness to his feet. The LORD hands nations over to him, and he subdues kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, like wind-driven stubble with his bow. <a href="/asv/isaiah/41.htm">American Standard Version</a> Who hath raised up one from the east, whom he calleth in righteousness to his foot? he giveth nations before him, and maketh him rule over kings; he giveth them as the dust to his sword, as the driven stubble to his bow. <a href="/cev/isaiah/41.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Who appointed this ruler from the east? Who puts nations and kings in his power? His sword and his arrows turn them to dust blown by the wind. <a href="/erv/isaiah/41.htm">English Revised Version</a> Who hath raised up one from the east, whom he calleth in righteousness to his foot? he giveth nations before him, and maketh him rule over kings; he giveth them as the dust to his sword, as the driven stubble to his bow. <a href="/gwt/isaiah/41.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> "Who has raised up from the east someone to whom the LORD gives victory with every step he takes? Nations are handed over to him. He defeats kings. With his sword he turns them into dust. With his bow he turns them into straw blown by the wind. <a href="/gnt/isaiah/41.htm">Good News Translation</a> "Who was it that brought the conqueror from the east and makes him triumphant wherever he goes? Who gives him victory over kings and nations? His sword strikes them down as if they were dust. His arrows scatter them like straw before the wind. <a href="/isv/isaiah/41.htm">International Standard Version</a> Who has aroused victory from the east, and has summoned it to his service, and has handed over nations to him? Who brings down kings, and turns them into dust with his sword, into windblown stubble with his bow? <a href="/msb/isaiah/41.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Who has aroused one from the east and called him to his feet in righteousness? He hands nations over to him and subdues kings before him. He turns them to dust with his sword, to windblown chaff with his bow. <a href="/net/isaiah/41.htm">NET Bible</a> Who stirs up this one from the east? Who officially commissions him for service? He hands nations over to him, and enables him to subdue kings. He makes them like dust with his sword, like windblown straw with his bow. <a href="/nheb/isaiah/41.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Who has raised up one from the east? Whom he called to his foot in righteousness? He hands over nations to him, and makes him rule over kings. He gives them like the dust to his sword, like the driven stubble to his bow. <a href="/wbt/isaiah/41.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Who raised up the righteous man from the east, called him to his foot, gave the nations before him, and made him rule over kings? he gave them as the dust to his sword, and as driven stubble to his bow. <a href="/web/isaiah/41.htm">World English Bible</a> Who has raised up one from the east? Who called him to his feet in righteousness? He hands over nations to him and makes him rule over kings. He gives them like the dust to his sword, like the driven stubble to his bow. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/isaiah/41.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> Who stirred up a righteous one from the east? He calls him to His foot, "" He gives nations before him, "" And He causes him to rule kings, "" He gives [them] as dust [to] his sword, "" As driven stubble [to] his bow. <a href="/ylt/isaiah/41.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> Who stirred up from the east a righteous one? He calleth him to His foot, He giveth before him nations, And kings He causeth him to rule, He giveth them as dust to his sword, As driven stubble to his bow. <a href="/slt/isaiah/41.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> Who raised up justice from the sunrising? he shall call him to his foot; he will give the nations before him; and he will bring down kings: he will give as the dust of his sword, as driven straw, his bow.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/isaiah/41.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> Who hath raised up the just one from the east, hath called him to follow him? he shall give the nations in his sight, and he shall rule over kings: he shall give them as the dust to his sword, as stubble driven by the wind, to his bow. <a href="/cpdv/isaiah/41.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Who has raised up a just man from the east, and has called him to follow him? He will place the nations under his gaze, and he will rule over kings. He will cause them to be like dust before his sword, like chaff driven by the wind before his bow. <a href="/nabre/isaiah/41.htm">New American Bible</a> Who has stirred up from the East the champion of justice, and summoned him to be his attendant? To him he delivers nations and subdues kings; With his sword he reduces them to dust, with his bow, to driven straw. <a href="/nrsvce/isaiah/41.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> Who has roused a victor from the east, summoned him to his service? He delivers up nations to him, and tramples kings under foot; he makes them like dust with his sword, like driven stubble with his bow.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/isaiah/41.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Who has stirred up the righteous one from the east, and hastened him on? The nations shall surrender before him, and kings shall be confounded. He gave them as the dust to his sword and as driven stubble to his bow. <a href="/hpbt/isaiah/41.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> Who has awakened Righteousness from the East and called him to his feet? The nations shall be handed over before him and Kings shall fall down. He shall give his destruction like dust and like an archer whose bow bursts forth<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/isaiah/41.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> Who hath raised up one from the east, At whose steps victory attendeth? He giveth nations before him, And maketh him rule over kings; His sword maketh them as the dust, His bow as the driven stubble. <a href="/sep/isaiah/41.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> Who raised up righteousness from the east, and called it to his feet, so that it should go? shall appoint it an adversary of Gentiles, and shall dismay kings, and bury their swords in the earth, and cast forth their bows and arrows as sticks? <a href="/parallel/isaiah/41-2.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Xv9bHT-nr9s?start=8779" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/isaiah/41.htm">God's Help to Israel</a> 1“Be silent before Me, O islands, and let the peoples renew their strength. Let them come forward and testify; let us together draw near for judgment. 2<a href="/hebrew/4310.htm" title="4310: mî (Interrog) -- An interrogative pronoun of persons, as mah is of things, who?; also whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix.">Who</a> <a href="/hebrew/5782.htm" title="5782: hê·‘îr (V-Hifil-Perf-3ms) -- To rouse oneself, awake. A primitive root; to wake.">has aroused</a> <a href="/hebrew/4217.htm" title="4217: mim·miz·rāḥ (Prep-m:: N-ms) -- Place of sunrise, the east. From zarach; sunrise, i.e. The east.">one from the east</a> <a href="/hebrew/7121.htm" title="7121: yiq·rā·’ê·hū (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms:: 3ms) -- To call, proclaim, read. A primitive root; to call out to.">and called him</a> <a href="/hebrew/7272.htm" title="7272: lə·raḡ·lōw (Prep-l:: N-fsc:: 3ms) -- Foot. From ragal; a foot; by implication, a step; by euphem. The pudenda.">to his feet</a> <a href="/hebrew/6664.htm" title="6664: ṣe·ḏeq (N-ms) -- Rightness, righteousness. From tsadaq; the right; also equity or prosperity.">in righteousness?</a> <a href="/hebrew/1471.htm" title="1471: gō·w·yim (N-mp) -- Rarely goy; apparently from the same root as gevah; a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts.">He hands nations</a> <a href="/hebrew/5414.htm" title="5414: yit·tên (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms) -- To give, put, set. A primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of application.">over</a> <a href="/hebrew/6440.htm" title="6440: lə·p̄ā·nāw (Prep-l:: N-cpc:: 3ms) -- Face, faces. Plural of an unused noun; the face; used in a great variety of applications; also as a preposition.">to him</a> <a href="/hebrew/7287.htm" title="7287: yard (V-Qal-Imperf.Jus-3ms) -- To tread down, subjugate, to crumble off. A primitive root; to tread down, i.e. Subjugate; specifically, to crumble off.">and subdues</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ū·mə·lā·ḵîm (Conj-w:: N-mp) -- King. From malak; a king.">kings before him.</a> <a href="/hebrew/5414.htm" title="5414: yit·tên (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms) -- To give, put, set. A primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of application.">He turns them</a> <a href="/hebrew/6083.htm" title="6083: ke·‘ā·p̄ār (Prep-k, Art:: N-ms) -- Dry earth, dust. From aphar; dust; hence, clay, earth, mud.">to dust</a> <a href="/hebrew/2719.htm" title="2719: ḥar·bōw (N-fsc:: 3ms) -- A sword. From charab; drought; also a cutting instrument, as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement.">with his sword,</a> <a href="/hebrew/5086.htm" title="5086: nid·dāp̄ (V-Nifal-Prtcpl-ms) -- To drive, drive asunder. A primitive root; to shove asunder, i.e. Disperse.">to windblown</a> <a href="/hebrew/7179.htm" title="7179: kə·qaš (Prep-k:: N-ms) -- Stubble, chaff. From qashash; straw.">chaff</a> <a href="/hebrew/7198.htm" title="7198: qaš·tōw (N-fsc:: 3ms) -- A bow. From qashah in the original sense of bending: a bow, for shooting or the iris.">with his bow.</a> 3He pursues them, going on safely, hardly touching the path with his feet.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/genesis/12-1.htm">Genesis 12:1-3</a> Then the LORD said to Abram, “Leave your country, your kindred, and your father’s household, and go to the land I will show you. / I will make you into a great nation, and I will bless you; I will make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. / I will bless those who bless you and curse those who curse you; and all the families of the earth will be blessed through you.” <a href="/isaiah/45-1.htm">Isaiah 45:1-3</a> This is what the LORD says to Cyrus His anointed, whose right hand I have grasped to subdue nations before him, to disarm kings, to open the doors before him, so that the gates will not be shut: / “I will go before you and level the mountains; I will break down the gates of bronze and cut through the bars of iron. / I will give you the treasures of darkness and the riches hidden in secret places, so that you may know that I am the LORD, the God of Israel, who calls you by name. <a href="/isaiah/46-11.htm">Isaiah 46:11</a> I summon a bird of prey from the east, a man for My purpose from a far-off land. Truly I have spoken, and truly I will bring it to pass. I have planned it, and I will surely do it. <a href="/isaiah/44-28.htm">Isaiah 44:28</a> who says of Cyrus, ‘My shepherd will fulfill all that I desire,’ who says of Jerusalem, ‘She will be rebuilt,’ and of the temple, ‘Let its foundation be laid.’” <a href="/jeremiah/25-9.htm">Jeremiah 25:9</a> behold, I will summon all the families of the north, declares the LORD, and I will send for My servant Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, whom I will bring against this land, against its residents, and against all the surrounding nations. So I will devote them to destruction and make them an object of horror and contempt, an everlasting desolation. <a href="/jeremiah/50-41.htm">Jeremiah 50:41-42</a> Behold, an army is coming from the north; a great nation and many kings are stirred up from the ends of the earth. / They grasp the bow and spear; they are cruel and merciless. Their voice roars like the sea, and they ride upon horses, lined up like men in formation against you, O Daughter of Babylon. <a href="/ezekiel/38-17.htm">Ezekiel 38:17</a> This is what the Lord GOD says: Are you the one of whom I have spoken in former days through My servants, the prophets of Israel, who in those times prophesied for years that I would bring you against them? <a href="/daniel/2-37.htm">Daniel 2:37-38</a> You, O king, are the king of kings, to whom the God of heaven has given sovereignty, power, strength, and glory. / Wherever the sons of men or beasts of the field or birds of the air dwell, He has given them into your hand and has made you ruler over them all. You are that head of gold. <a href="/daniel/7-24.htm">Daniel 7:24-27</a> And the ten horns are ten kings who will rise from this kingdom. After them another king, different from the earlier ones, will rise and subdue three kings. / He will speak out against the Most High and oppress the saints of the Most High, intending to change the appointed times and laws; and the saints will be given into his hand for a time, and times, and half a time. / But the court will convene, and his dominion will be taken away and completely destroyed forever. ... <a href="/habakkuk/1-6.htm">Habakkuk 1:6</a> For behold, I am raising up the Chaldeans—that ruthless and impetuous nation which marches through the breadth of the earth to seize dwellings not their own. <a href="/zechariah/1-18.htm">Zechariah 1:18-21</a> Then I looked up and saw four horns. / So I asked the angel who was speaking with me, “What are these?” And he told me, “These are the horns that have scattered Judah, Israel, and Jerusalem.” / Then the LORD showed me four craftsmen. ... <a href="/matthew/2-1.htm">Matthew 2:1-2</a> After Jesus was born in Bethlehem in Judea, during the time of King Herod, Magi from the east arrived in Jerusalem, / asking, “Where is the One who has been born King of the Jews? We saw His star in the east and have come to worship Him.” <a href="/matthew/24-14.htm">Matthew 24:14</a> And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached in all the world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come. <a href="/luke/1-52.htm">Luke 1:52</a> He has brought down rulers from their thrones, but has exalted the humble. <a href="/john/19-11.htm">John 19:11</a> Jesus answered, “You would have no authority over Me if it were not given to you from above. Therefore the one who handed Me over to you is guilty of greater sin.”</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Who raised up the righteous man from the east, called him to his foot, gave the nations before him, and made him rule over kings? he gave them as the dust to his sword, and as driven stubble to his bow.who raised<a href="/isaiah/41-25.htm">Isaiah 41:25</a> I have raised up one from the north, and he shall come: from the rising of the sun shall he call upon my name: and he shall come upon princes as upon morter, and as the potter treadeth clay.<a href="/isaiah/45-13.htm">Isaiah 45:13</a> I have raised him up in righteousness, and I will direct all his ways: he shall build my city, and he shall let go my captives, not for price nor reward, saith the LORD of hosts.<a href="/isaiah/46-11.htm">Isaiah 46:11</a> Calling a ravenous bird from the east, the man that executeth my counsel from a far country: yea, I have spoken it, I will also bring it to pass; I have purposed it, I will also do it.the righteous man.<a href="/isaiah/45-1.htm">Isaiah 45:1</a> Thus saith the LORD to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have holden, to subdue nations before him; and I will loose the loins of kings, to open before him the two leaved gates; and the gates shall not be shut;<a href="/genesis/14-14.htm">Genesis 14:14,15</a> And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he armed his trained servants, born in his own house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued them unto Dan… <a href="/ezra/1-2.htm">Ezra 1:2</a> Thus saith Cyrus king of Persia, The LORD God of heaven hath given me all the kingdoms of the earth; and he hath charged me to build him an house at Jerusalem, which is in Judah.as the<a href="/isaiah/41-15.htm">Isaiah 41:15,16</a> Behold, I will make thee a new sharp threshing instrument having teeth: thou shalt thresh the mountains, and beat them small, and shalt make the hills as chaff… <a href="/2_samuel/22-43.htm">2 Samuel 22:43</a> Then did I beat them as small as the dust of the earth, I did stamp them as the mire of the street, and did spread them abroad.<a href="/2_kings/13-7.htm">2 Kings 13:7</a> Neither did he leave of the people to Jehoahaz but fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria had destroyed them, and had made them like the dust by threshing.as driven<a href="/isaiah/40-24.htm">Isaiah 40:24</a> Yea, they shall not be planted; yea, they shall not be sown: yea, their stock shall not take root in the earth: and he shall also blow upon them, and they shall wither, and the whirlwind shall take them away as stubble.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/proverbs/14-15.htm">Attendeth</a> <a href="/isaiah/22-3.htm">Bow</a> <a href="/proverbs/31-24.htm">Delivers</a> <a href="/isaiah/28-27.htm">Driven</a> <a href="/isaiah/40-15.htm">Dust</a> <a href="/isaiah/27-8.htm">East</a> <a href="/isaiah/37-25.htm">Feet</a> <a href="/isaiah/37-25.htm">Foot</a> <a href="/isaiah/40-29.htm">Gives</a> <a href="/isaiah/38-6.htm">Hands</a> <a href="/isaiah/37-18.htm">Kings</a> <a href="/isaiah/40-23.htm">Makes</a> <a href="/proverbs/7-10.htm">Meets</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-1.htm">Nations</a> <a href="/isaiah/40-4.htm">Raised</a> <a href="/isaiah/26-7.htm">Righteous</a> <a href="/isaiah/33-5.htm">Righteousness</a> <a href="/isaiah/40-10.htm">Rule</a> <a href="/isaiah/38-8.htm">Steps</a> <a href="/isaiah/40-24.htm">Stubble</a> <a href="/proverbs/21-14.htm">Subdues</a> <a href="/isaiah/37-38.htm">Sword</a> <a href="/isaiah/25-8.htm">Victory</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/isaiah/42-23.htm">Attendeth</a> <a href="/isaiah/44-19.htm">Bow</a> <a href="/isaiah/42-22.htm">Delivers</a> <a href="/isaiah/49-21.htm">Driven</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-25.htm">Dust</a> <a href="/isaiah/43-5.htm">East</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-3.htm">Feet</a> <a href="/isaiah/58-13.htm">Foot</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-26.htm">Gives</a> <a href="/isaiah/45-9.htm">Hands</a> <a href="/isaiah/45-1.htm">Kings</a> <a href="/isaiah/42-22.htm">Makes</a> <a href="/amos/5-19.htm">Meets</a> <a href="/isaiah/42-1.htm">Nations</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-25.htm">Raised</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-10.htm">Righteous</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-10.htm">Righteousness</a> <a href="/isaiah/44-13.htm">Rule</a> <a href="/jeremiah/10-23.htm">Steps</a> <a href="/isaiah/47-14.htm">Stubble</a> <a href="/daniel/2-40.htm">Subdues</a> <a href="/isaiah/49-2.htm">Sword</a> <a href="/isaiah/45-13.htm">Victory</a><div class="vheading2">Isaiah 41</div>1. <a href="/isaiah/41-1.htm">God expostulates with his people, about his mercies to the church.</a> 10. <a href="/isaiah/41-10.htm">About his promises</a> 21. <a href="/isaiah/41-21.htm">And about the vanity of idols.</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/isaiah/41.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/isaiah/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/isaiah/41.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>Who has aroused one from the east This phrase refers to God's sovereign action in raising up a leader from the east. Historically, this is often understood to refer to Cyrus the Great of Persia, who played a pivotal role in the return of the Jewish exiles from Babylon. The east, in biblical geography, typically refers to regions such as Persia and Media. This action underscores God's control over history and nations, using even foreign rulers to accomplish His purposes.and called him to his feet in righteousness? The calling "in righteousness" suggests that this leader's rise is part of God's righteous plan, aligning with His covenant promises and justice. This reflects the biblical theme that God uses rulers to fulfill His divine purposes, even if they are unaware of their role in His plan. The righteousness here is not necessarily the personal righteousness of the leader but the righteous purposes of God being fulfilled through him.He hands nations over to him This indicates God's authority in granting power and victory to this leader over other nations. It reflects the biblical principle that God is the ultimate ruler over all kingdoms and can give dominion to whomever He chooses. This is seen in other scriptures, such as <a href="/daniel/2-21.htm">Daniel 2:21</a>, where God changes times and seasons and deposes kings.and subdues kings before him. The subduing of kings highlights the military and political success granted to this leader by God. Historically, Cyrus's conquests were swift and effective, leading to the expansion of the Persian Empire. This aligns with the biblical narrative of God using leaders to execute His judgment and deliverance.He turns them to dust with his sword, This imagery of turning enemies to dust signifies total defeat and destruction. The sword is a common biblical symbol of warfare and judgment. This phrase emphasizes the completeness of the victory granted by God, reminiscent of other biblical victories where enemies are utterly vanquished, such as in Joshua's conquests.to windblown chaff with his bow. The comparison to windblown chaff suggests the ease and swiftness of the victory. Chaff is the light, worthless husk separated from grain, easily carried away by the wind. This metaphor is used in other scriptures, such as <a href="/psalms/1-4.htm">Psalm 1:4</a>, to describe the fate of the wicked. It underscores the futility of resisting God's appointed leader and the transient nature of human power against divine will.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/t/the_one_from_the_east.htm">The One from the East</a> Traditionally interpreted as Cyrus the Great, the Persian king who conquered Babylon and allowed the Israelites to return to Jerusalem. He is seen as an instrument of God's will. 2. <a href="/topical/n/nations_and_kings.htm">Nations and Kings</a> Refers to the various kingdoms and rulers that Cyrus would conquer, symbolizing God's sovereignty over all nations. 3. <a href="/topical/g/god's_servant.htm">God's Servant</a> While Cyrus is the immediate historical figure, this can also be seen as a foreshadowing of the ultimate Servant, Jesus Christ, who fulfills God's purposes.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty.htm">God's Sovereignty</a> Recognize that God is in control of history and uses even secular rulers to accomplish His divine plans. <a href="/topical/i/instrument_of_righteousness.htm">Instrument of Righteousness</a> Understand that God can use anyone, regardless of their background, to fulfill His righteous purposes. This challenges us to be open to God's calling in our own lives. <a href="/topical/d/divine_justice.htm">Divine Justice</a> Trust in God's justice, knowing that He will ultimately subdue all that opposes His will, just as He subdued nations before Cyrus. <a href="/topical/f/foreshadowing_of_christ.htm">Foreshadowing of Christ</a> See Cyrus as a type of Christ, who is the ultimate fulfillment of God's plan to bring salvation and justice to the world. <a href="/topical/r/response_to_god's_call.htm">Response to God's Call</a> Reflect on how we respond to God's call in our lives. Are we willing to be used by Him as instruments of His righteousness?<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_isaiah_41.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Isaiah 41</a> <a href="/q/how_does_isaiah_41_2-3_align_with_history.htm">Isaiah 41:2–3: How can the text’s claim of a conqueror from the east align with historical records that challenge or contradict specific military campaigns? </a> <a href="/q/what_does_'fervent_in_spirit'_mean.htm">What does 'God will strengthen you' mean?</a> <a href="/q/does_isaiah_62_2_conflict_with_history.htm">Does Isaiah 62:2, describing all nations seeing Jerusalem's righteousness, conflict with evidence of the city's repeated conquests and destructions?</a> <a href="/q/what_does_the_bible_say_on_unity.htm">Why should you not be afraid?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/isaiah/41.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(2) Who raised up . . .--More accurately, Who hath raised up from the East the man whom Righteousness calls (or, whom He calls in righteousness) to tread in His steps. (Comp. <a href="/isaiah/45-2.htm" title="I will go before you, and make the crooked places straight: I will break in pieces the gates of brass, and cut in sunder the bars of iron:">Isaiah 45:2</a>.) The man so raised up to rule over the "islands" and the "peoples" is none other than Koresh (Cyrus), the future restorer of Israel. The thought of Cyrus as working out the righteousness of God is dominant in these chapters (<a href="/isaiah/42-6.htm" title="I the LORD have called you in righteousness, and will hold your hand, and will keep you, and give you for a covenant of the people, for a light of the Gentiles;">Isaiah 42:6</a>; <a href="/isaiah/45-13.htm" title="I have raised him up in righteousness, and I will direct all his ways: he shall build my city, and he shall let go my captives, not for price nor reward, said the LORD of hosts.">Isaiah 45:13</a>). In the rapidity of his conquest, the prophet bids men see the proof that he is doing God's work. So Jeremiah speaks of Nebuchadnezzar as the servant of Jehovah (<a href="/jeremiah/27-6.htm" title="And now have I given all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, my servant; and the beasts of the field have I given him also to serve him.">Jeremiah 27:6</a>). One may notice, if only to reject, the exposition of the Targum, followed by some commentators, which refers the verse to the call of Abraham and the victory of Genesis 14.He gave them.--Better, He giveth them, the future seen as present. The LXX. and some modern critics follow a reading which gives, he maketh them as dust, their sword as stubble.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/isaiah/41.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 2. - Who raised up the righteous man, etc.? rather, who raised up from the East one whom righteousness will call to his foot. It is generally agreed among moderns that the reference is to Cyrus, who is further referred to in ver. 25, in <a href="/isaiah/44-28.htm">Isaiah 44:28</a>; <a href="/isaiah/45-1.htm">Isaiah 45:1-4, 13</a>; and Isaiah 46:11. Cyrus, whether we regard him as King of Persia, or as King of Elam (Susiana), would come from a land lying east of Babylon. "Righteousness called him to his foot" when God, the Righteous One, made him his minister, and gave him a certain task to perform (<a href="/isaiah/44-28.htm">Isaiah 44:28</a>). Gave the nations before him; rather, gives, or will give. (On the rapid conquests of Cyrus, see Herod., 1:75-191; and comp. 'Ancient Monarchies,' vol. 4. pp. 354-377.) That he was God's instrument must be admitted by all who allow that the course of history is determined by a superintending Providence. Made him rule over kings. Mr. Cheyne translates, "makes him trample upon kings," which seems to give the true sense. It was certainly not the general policy of Cyrus to establish under him a number of subject kings, but rather to rule the conquered countries by means of Persian or Median governors (see Herod., 1:153, 156; 'Transactions of the Society of Bibl. Archaeol.,' vol. 7. p. 166) He gave them as the dust to his sword, etc.; or, according to some, he maketh their sword as dust, and their bow as driven stubble. The result is the same, whichever we regard as the true construction. The prophecy tells of the ease and completeness with which Cyrus vanquished his enemies. <a href="/commentaries/isaiah/41-2.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>Who מִ֤י (mî) Interrogative <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4310.htm">Strong's 4310: </a> Who?, whoever, in oblique construction with prefix, suffix has aroused הֵעִיר֙ (hê·‘îr) Verb - Hifil - Perfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5782.htm">Strong's 5782: </a> To rouse oneself, awake the one from the east מִמִּזְרָ֔ח (mim·miz·rāḥ) Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4217.htm">Strong's 4217: </a> Place of sunrise, the east [and] called him יִקְרָאֵ֣הוּ (yiq·rā·’ê·hū) Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7121.htm">Strong's 7121: </a> To call, proclaim, read to his feet לְרַגְל֑וֹ (lə·raḡ·lōw) Preposition-l | Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7272.htm">Strong's 7272: </a> A foot, a step, the pudenda in righteousness? צֶ֖דֶק (ṣe·ḏeq) Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6664.htm">Strong's 6664: </a> The right, equity, prosperity He hands nations גּוֹיִם֙ (gō·w·yim) Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1471.htm">Strong's 1471: </a> A foreign nation, a Gentile, a troop of animals, a flight of locusts over יִתֵּ֨ן (yit·tên) Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5414.htm">Strong's 5414: </a> To give, put, set to him לְפָנָ֤יו (lə·p̄ā·nāw) Preposition-l | Noun - common plural construct | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6440.htm">Strong's 6440: </a> The face [and] subdues יַ֔רְדְּ (yard) Verb - Qal - Imperfect Jussive - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7287.htm">Strong's 7287: </a> To tread down, subjugate, to crumble off kings [before him]. וּמְלָכִ֣ים (ū·mə·lā·ḵîm) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king He turns יִתֵּ֤ן (yit·tên) Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5414.htm">Strong's 5414: </a> To give, put, set them to dust כֶּֽעָפָר֙ (ke·‘ā·p̄ār) Preposition-k, Article | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6083.htm">Strong's 6083: </a> Dust, clay, earth, mud with his sword, חַרְבּ֔וֹ (ḥar·bōw) Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2719.htm">Strong's 2719: </a> Drought, a cutting instrument, as a, knife, sword to windblown נִדָּ֖ף (nid·dāp̄) Verb - Nifal - Participle - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5086.htm">Strong's 5086: </a> To shove asunder, disperse chaff כְּקַ֥שׁ (kə·qaš) Preposition-k | Noun - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7179.htm">Strong's 7179: </a> Stubble, chaff with his bow. קַשְׁתּֽוֹ׃ (qaš·tōw) Noun - feminine singular construct | third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7198.htm">Strong's 7198: </a> A bow, for, shooting, the iris <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/isaiah/41-2.htm">Isaiah 41:2 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/isaiah/41-2.htm">OT Prophets: Isaiah 41:2 Who has raised up one (Isa Isi Is)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/isaiah/41-1.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Isaiah 41:1"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Isaiah 41:1" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/isaiah/41-3.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Isaiah 41:3"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Isaiah 41:3" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>