CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref--excluded vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-not-available" lang="ha" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Calculus: Tarihin sauye-sauyen - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref--excluded vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )hawikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat": "dmy","wgMonthNames":["","ga Janairu,","ga Faburairu,","ga Maris,","ga Afirilu,","Mayu","ga Yuni,","ga Yuli,","ga Augusta,","Satumba","Oktoba","Nuwamba,","Disamba"],"wgRequestId":"9e7b8b71-6a6a-485c-a851-a7d47696ca8b","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Calculus","wgTitle":"Calculus","wgCurRevisionId":556376,"wgRevisionId":0,"wgArticleId":77577,"wgIsArticle":false,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"history","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ha","wgPageContentLanguage":"ha","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Calculus","wgRelevantArticleId":77577,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ha","pageLanguageDir": "ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ha"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":1000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.1"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","mediawiki.interface.helpers.styles":"ready","mediawiki.action.history.styles":"ready", "mediawiki.special.changeslist":"ready","mediawiki.helplink":"ready","oojs-ui-core.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.indicators":"ready","mediawiki.widgets.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.icons":"ready","mediawiki.htmlform.ooui.styles":"ready","mediawiki.htmlform.styles":"ready","mediawiki.widgets.DateInputWidget.styles":"ready","mediawiki.pager.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","mediawiki.feedlink":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.history","mediawiki.htmlform","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.htmlform.ooui","mediawiki.widgets.DateInputWidget","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.urlShortener.toolbar", "ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ha&modules=ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.action.history.styles%7Cmediawiki.feedlink%2Chelplink%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.ooui.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.styles%7Cmediawiki.interface.helpers.styles%7Cmediawiki.pager.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.changeslist%7Cmediawiki.widgets.DateInputWidget.styles%7Cmediawiki.widgets.styles%7Coojs-ui-core.icons%2Cstyles%7Coojs-ui.styles.indicators%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ha&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ha&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.12"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Infinitesimal_Calculus_8.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="968"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Infinitesimal_Calculus_8.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="645"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="516"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Calculus: Tarihin sauye-sauyen - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ha.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Gyarawa" href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (ha)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ha.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=history"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ha"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Kwararen Atom na "Calculus"" href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&feed=atom&action=history"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Kwararen Atom na Wikipedia" href="/w/index.php?title=Musamman:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Calculus rootpage-Calculus skin-vector-2022 action-history"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Shawagi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Babban_shafi" title="Duba shafin marhabin [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Babban shafi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%C6%98ofan_al%27umma" title="A game da wannan shiri, abinda za a iya yi, ina za a samu abubuwa"><span>Kofan al'umma</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sha%27anonin_dake_wakana" title="Nemo bayannai kan yanayin labarun yau"><span>Labarai</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:RecentChanges" title="Jerin sabin sauye-sauye a wannan Wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Sauye-sauyen baya-bayan nan</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Random" title="Nuno wani shafi da ka [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Shafin cinke</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial" title="Nuno taimako"><span>Tutorial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-lang" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> A wasu harsuna </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Babban_shafi" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Insakulofidiya ta kyauta" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ha-temp.svg" width="140" height="23" style="width: 8.75em; height: 1.4375em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Musamman:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Binciko Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Binciko</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Ku bincika cikin Hausa Wikipedia" aria-label="Ku bincika cikin Hausa Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Binciko Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Musamman:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Binciko</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Zaɓaɓɓin kayan aiki"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ha.wikipedia.org&uselang=ha" class=""><span>Bada gudummuwa</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Musamman:CreateAccount&returnto=Calculus&returntoquery=action%3Dhistory" title="Yana da kyau ku kirkiri account; amma ba dole bane" class=""><span>Ƙirƙiri account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Musamman:UserLogin&returnto=Calculus&returntoquery=action%3Dhistory" title="Yana da kyau kuyi login da account dinku, amma ba dole ba ne. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Login</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zaɓaɓɓin kayan aiki" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Zaɓaɓɓin kayan aiki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=ha.wikipedia.org&uselang=ha"><span>Bada gudummuwa</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Contribute</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musamman:CreateAccount&returnto=Calculus&returntoquery=action%3Dhistory" title="Yana da kyau ku kirkiri account; amma ba dole bane"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Ƙirƙiri account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musamman:UserLogin&returnto=Calculus&returntoquery=action%3Dhistory" title="Yana da kyau kuyi login da account dinku, amma ba dole ba ne. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Login</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Taimako:Gabatarwa" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Magana</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eboye\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"ha\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cp\u003EKu \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Musamman:UserLogin\" title=\"Musamman:UserLogin\"\u003Ekirkiri account\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E domain taimaka ma Hausa Wikipedia. Kirkirar account kyauta ne. Idan kuma neman taimako ku \u003Cb\u003E\u003Cspan class=\"noprint plainlinks\"\u003E\u003Ca class=\"external text\" href=\"https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tattaunawar_user:Ammarpad\u0026amp;action=edit\u0026amp;section=new\"\u003Etambaya a nan\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/b\u003E.\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Calculus: Tarihin sauye-sauyen</h1> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-mw-helplink" class="mw-indicator"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:History" target="_blank" class="mw-helplink"><span class="mw-helplink-icon"></span>Taimako</a></div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Sarari"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Calculus" title="Duba shafin bayannai [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Shafi</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tattaunawa:Calculus&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Mahawara kan shafin bayannai (babu wannan shafin) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tattaunawa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Sauya bambancin harshe" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hausa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Hange"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Calculus"><span>Karanta</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&veaction=edit" title="Gyara wannan shafi [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Gyara</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Gyara masomi</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=history" title="Tsoffin sufofin wannan shafi [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Duba tarihi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Kayan aiki" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kayan aiki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Calculus"><span>Karanta</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&veaction=edit" title="Gyara wannan shafi [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Gyara</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Gyara masomi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=history"><span>Duba tarihi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:WhatLinksHere/Calculus" title="Jerin duk shafunan Wiki da ke da mahaɗi a nan [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Mahaɗan wannan shafi</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:RecentChangesLinked/Calculus" rel="nofollow" title="Sauye-sauyen baya-bayan nan a shafuna masu mahaɗi daga wannan shafi [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canje-canje masu dangantaka</span></a></li><li id="feedlinks" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&feed=atom&action=history" id="feed-atom" rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" class="feedlink" title="Kwararen Atom na wannan shafi"><span>Atom</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ha" title="Girke fayiloli [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Girke fayil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:SpecialPages" title="Jerin duk shafuna na musamman [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Shafuka na musamman</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bayani akan wannan shafin</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musamman:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fha.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DCalculus%26action%3Dhistory"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musamman:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fha.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DCalculus%26action%3Dhistory"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> A sauran ayyukan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q149972" title="Haɗaɗɗun bayanan abunda aka ajiye [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Abun Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="mw-history-subtitle"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musamman:Log&page=Calculus" title="Musamman:Log">Duba rajistan ayyukan wannan shafi</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Musamman:AbuseLog&wpSearchTitle=Calculus" title="View abuse log for this page">view abuse log</a>)</div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class='mw-htmlform-ooui-wrapper oo-ui-layout oo-ui-panelLayout oo-ui-panelLayout-padded oo-ui-panelLayout-framed'><form id='mw-history-searchform' action='/w/index.php' method='get' enctype='application/x-www-form-urlencoded' class='mw-htmlform mw-htmlform-ooui oo-ui-layout oo-ui-formLayout'><fieldset id='mw-history-search' class='oo-ui-layout oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-fieldsetLayout mw-collapsibleFieldsetLayout mw-collapsible mw-collapsed'><legend role='button' class='oo-ui-fieldsetLayout-header mw-collapsible-toggle'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-iconElement-noIcon'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>Kebe tarihai</span><span class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-expand oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement-invisible oo-ui-iconWidget'>fadada</span><span class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-collapse oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement-invisible oo-ui-iconWidget'>rugujewa</span></legend><div class='oo-ui-fieldsetLayout-group mw-collapsible-content'><div class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled'><input type="hidden" value="Calculus" name="title"> <div data-mw-modules='mediawiki.widgets.DateInputWidget' id='ooui-php-6' class='mw-htmlform-field-HTMLDateTimeField mw-htmlform-datetime-field mw-htmlform-autoinfuse oo-ui-layout oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-fieldLayout oo-ui-fieldLayout-align-top' data-ooui='{"_":"mw.htmlform.FieldLayout","fieldWidget":{"tag":"mw-input-date-range-to"},"align":"top","helpInline":true,"$overlay":true,"label":{"html":"To date:"},"classes":["mw-htmlform-field-HTMLDateTimeField"," mw-htmlform-datetime-field","mw-htmlform-autoinfuse"]}'><div class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-body'><span class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-header'><label for='ooui-php-2' class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>To date:</label></span><div class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-field'><div id='mw-input-date-range-to' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-inputWidget oo-ui-textInputWidget oo-ui-textInputWidget-type-text oo-ui-textInputWidget-php mw-widget-dateInputWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"mw.widgets.DateInputWidget","longDisplayFormat":false,"precision":"day","$overlay":true,"placeholder":"YYYY-MM-DD","name":"date-range-to","inputId":"ooui-php-2","required":false}'><input type='date' tabindex='0' name='date-range-to' value='' placeholder='YYYY-MM-DD' id='ooui-php-2' class='oo-ui-inputWidget-input' /><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-iconElement-noIcon'></span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator'></span><div aria-disabled='true' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-disabled oo-ui-inputWidget oo-ui-textInputWidget oo-ui-textInputWidget-type-text oo-ui-textInputWidget-php'><input type='text' tabindex='-1' aria-disabled='true' disabled='disabled' value='' class='oo-ui-inputWidget-input mw-widgets-pendingTextInputWidget oo-ui-pendingElement-pending' /><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-iconElement-noIcon'></span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator'></span></div></div></div></div></div><div id='ooui-php-7' class='mw-htmlform-field-HTMLTagFilter mw-htmlform-autoinfuse oo-ui-layout oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-fieldLayout oo-ui-fieldLayout-align-top' data-ooui='{"_":"mw.htmlform.FieldLayout","fieldWidget":{"tag":"tagfilter"},"align":"top","helpInline":true,"$overlay":true,"label":{"html":"<a href=\"\/wiki\/Musamman:Tags\" title=\"Musamman:Tags\">Tag<\/a> filter:"},"classes":["mw-htmlform-field-HTMLTagFilter","mw-htmlform-autoinfuse"]}'><div class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-body'><span class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-header'><label for='ooui-php-4' class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Tags" title="Musamman:Tags">Tag</a> filter:</label></span><div class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-field'><div id='tagfilter' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-inputWidget oo-ui-textInputWidget oo-ui-textInputWidget-type-text oo-ui-textInputWidget-php oo-ui-comboBoxInputWidget oo-ui-comboBoxInputWidget-php' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ComboBoxInputWidget","options":[{"data":"advanced mobile edit","label":"Advanced mobile edit"},{"data":"editcheck-references-activated","label":"Aikin Duba (nassoshi) na gyarawa"},{"data":"android app edit","label":"Android app edit"},{"data":"app-full-source","label":"App full source"},{"data":"app-section-source","label":"App section source"},{"data":"app-talk-reply","label":"App talk reply"},{"data":"app-talk-topic","label":"App talk topic"},{"data":"mw-blank","label":"Blanking"},{"data":"community configuration","label":"Community Configuration"},{"data":"contenttranslation-v2","label":"ContentTranslation2"},{"data":"contenttranslation-high-unmodified-mt-text","label":"ContentTranslation: Babban amfani da fassarar inji ba a gyara ba"},{"data":"Delete","label":"Delete"},{"data":"disambiguator-link-added","label":"Disambiguation links"},{"data":"discussiontools","label":"discussiontools (hidden tag)"},{"data":"discussiontools-added-comment","label":"discussiontools-added-comment (hidden tag)"},{"data":"discussiontools-source","label":"discussiontools-source (hidden tag)"},{"data":"discussiontools-source-enhanced","label":"discussiontools-source-enhanced (hidden tag)"},{"data":"discussiontools-visual","label":"discussiontools-visual (hidden tag)"},{"data":"editcheck-reference-decline-common-knowledge","label":"Edit Check (references) declined (common knowledge)"},{"data":"editcheck-reference-decline-irrelevant","label":"Edit Check (references) declined (irrelevant)"},{"data":"editcheck-reference-decline-other","label":"Edit Check (references) declined (other)"},{"data":"editcheck-reference-decline-uncertain","label":"Edit Check (references) declined (uncertain)"},{"data":"editcheck-newcontent","label":"editcheck-newcontent (hidden tag)"},{"data":"editcheck-newreference","label":"editcheck-newreference (hidden tag)"},{"data":"editcheck-references","label":"editcheck-references (hidden tag)"},{"data":"emoji","label":"Emoji"},{"data":"sectiontranslation","label":"Fassarar Sashe"},{"data":"contenttranslation","label":"FassararAbunciki"},{"data":"visualeditor","label":"Gyaran gani"},{"data":"mobile web edit","label":"Gyaran wayar hannu"},{"data":"ios app edit","label":"iOS app edit"},{"data":"mw-manual-revert","label":"Manual revert"},{"data":"massmessage-delivery","label":"MassMessage delivery"},{"data":"mentor list change","label":"mentor list change"},{"data":"meta spam id","label":"meta spam id"},{"data":"mobile app edit","label":"Mobile app edit"},{"data":"mobile edit","label":"mobile edit (hidden tag)"},{"data":"mw-new-redirect","label":"New redirect"},{"data":"discussiontools-newtopic","label":"New topic"},{"data":"newcomer task","label":"Newcomer task"},{"data":"newcomer task expand","label":"Newcomer task: expand"},{"data":"nuke","label":"Nuke"},{"data":"OAuth CID: 1841","label":"PAWS [2.1]"},{"data":"OAuth CID: 4664","label":"paws [2.2]"},{"data":"mw-changed-redirect-target","label":"Redirect target changed"},{"data":"mw-removed-redirect","label":"Removed redirect"},{"data":"repeated xwiki CoI abuse","label":"repeated xwiki CoI abuse"},{"data":"mw-replace","label":"Replaced"},{"data":"discussiontools-reply","label":"Reply"},{"data":"mw-reverted","label":"Reverted"},{"data":"mw-rollback","label":"Rollback"},{"data":"newcomer task add link","label":"Suggested: add links"},{"data":"OAuth CID: 1261","label":"SWViewer [1.2]"},{"data":"OAuth CID: 1352","label":"SWViewer [1.3]"},{"data":"OAuth CID: 1805","label":"SWViewer [1.4]"},{"data":"OAuth CID: 6365","label":"SWViewer [1.6]"},{"data":"T144167","label":"T144167"},{"data":"visualeditor-wikitext","label":"tushen gyara 2017"},{"data":"mw-undo","label":"Undo"},{"data":"visualeditor-switched","label":"Visual edit: Switched"},{"data":"wikieditor","label":"wikieditor (hidden tag)"}],"$overlay":true,"name":"tagfilter","inputId":"ooui-php-4","required":false}'><input type='text' tabindex='0' name='tagfilter' value='' list='ooui-php-3' id='ooui-php-4' class='oo-ui-inputWidget-input' /><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-iconElement-noIcon'></span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator'></span><span class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicator-down oo-ui-indicatorElement oo-ui-labelElement-invisible oo-ui-indicatorWidget'></span><datalist id='ooui-php-3'><option value='advanced mobile edit'>Advanced mobile edit</option><option value='editcheck-references-activated'>Aikin Duba (nassoshi) na gyarawa</option><option value='android app edit'>Android app edit</option><option value='app-full-source'>App full source</option><option value='app-section-source'>App section source</option><option value='app-talk-reply'>App talk reply</option><option value='app-talk-topic'>App talk topic</option><option value='mw-blank'>Blanking</option><option value='community configuration'>Community Configuration</option><option value='contenttranslation-v2'>ContentTranslation2</option><option value='contenttranslation-high-unmodified-mt-text'>ContentTranslation: Babban amfani da fassarar inji ba a gyara ba</option><option value='Delete'>Delete</option><option value='disambiguator-link-added'>Disambiguation links</option><option value='discussiontools'>discussiontools (hidden tag)</option><option value='discussiontools-added-comment'>discussiontools-added-comment (hidden tag)</option><option value='discussiontools-source'>discussiontools-source (hidden tag)</option><option value='discussiontools-source-enhanced'>discussiontools-source-enhanced (hidden tag)</option><option value='discussiontools-visual'>discussiontools-visual (hidden tag)</option><option value='editcheck-reference-decline-common-knowledge'>Edit Check (references) declined (common knowledge)</option><option value='editcheck-reference-decline-irrelevant'>Edit Check (references) declined (irrelevant)</option><option value='editcheck-reference-decline-other'>Edit Check (references) declined (other)</option><option value='editcheck-reference-decline-uncertain'>Edit Check (references) declined (uncertain)</option><option value='editcheck-newcontent'>editcheck-newcontent (hidden tag)</option><option value='editcheck-newreference'>editcheck-newreference (hidden tag)</option><option value='editcheck-references'>editcheck-references (hidden tag)</option><option value='emoji'>Emoji</option><option value='sectiontranslation'>Fassarar Sashe</option><option value='contenttranslation'>FassararAbunciki</option><option value='visualeditor'>Gyaran gani</option><option value='mobile web edit'>Gyaran wayar hannu</option><option value='ios app edit'>iOS app edit</option><option value='mw-manual-revert'>Manual revert</option><option value='massmessage-delivery'>MassMessage delivery</option><option value='mentor list change'>mentor list change</option><option value='meta spam id'>meta spam id</option><option value='mobile app edit'>Mobile app edit</option><option value='mobile edit'>mobile edit (hidden tag)</option><option value='mw-new-redirect'>New redirect</option><option value='discussiontools-newtopic'>New topic</option><option value='newcomer task'>Newcomer task</option><option value='newcomer task expand'>Newcomer task: expand</option><option value='nuke'>Nuke</option><option value='OAuth CID: 1841'>PAWS [2.1]</option><option value='OAuth CID: 4664'>paws [2.2]</option><option value='mw-changed-redirect-target'>Redirect target changed</option><option value='mw-removed-redirect'>Removed redirect</option><option value='repeated xwiki CoI abuse'>repeated xwiki CoI abuse</option><option value='mw-replace'>Replaced</option><option value='discussiontools-reply'>Reply</option><option value='mw-reverted'>Reverted</option><option value='mw-rollback'>Rollback</option><option value='newcomer task add link'>Suggested: add links</option><option value='OAuth CID: 1261'>SWViewer [1.2]</option><option value='OAuth CID: 1352'>SWViewer [1.3]</option><option value='OAuth CID: 1805'>SWViewer [1.4]</option><option value='OAuth CID: 6365'>SWViewer [1.6]</option><option value='T144167'>T144167</option><option value='visualeditor-wikitext'>tushen gyara 2017</option><option value='mw-undo'>Undo</option><option value='visualeditor-switched'>Visual edit: Switched</option><option value='wikieditor'>wikieditor (hidden tag)</option></datalist></div></div></div></div><div id='ooui-php-8' class='mw-htmlform-field-HTMLCheckField mw-htmlform-hide-if mw-htmlform-hide-if-hidden oo-ui-layout oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-fieldLayout oo-ui-fieldLayout-align-inline' data-ooui='{"_":"mw.htmlform.FieldLayout","fieldWidget":{"tag":"mw-input-tagInvert"},"align":"inline","helpInline":true,"$overlay":true,"label":{"html":"Invert"},"condState":{"hide":["===","tagfilter",""]},"classes":["mw-htmlform-field-HTMLCheckField","mw-htmlform-hide-if","mw-htmlform-hide-if-hidden"]}'><div class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-body'><span class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-field'><span id='mw-input-tagInvert' class='oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-inputWidget oo-ui-checkboxInputWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.CheckboxInputWidget","name":"tagInvert","value":"1","inputId":"ooui-php-5","required":false}'><input type='checkbox' tabindex='0' name='tagInvert' value='1' id='ooui-php-5' class='oo-ui-inputWidget-input' /><span class='oo-ui-checkboxInputWidget-checkIcon oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-check oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement-invisible oo-ui-iconWidget oo-ui-image-invert'></span></span></span><span class='oo-ui-fieldLayout-header'><label for='ooui-php-5' class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>Invert</label></span></div></div><input id="mw-input-action" name="action" type="hidden" value="history"> <div class="mw-htmlform-submit-buttons"> <span id='ooui-php-9' class='mw-htmlform-submit oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-inputWidget oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-framed oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-flaggedElement-primary oo-ui-flaggedElement-progressive oo-ui-buttonInputWidget' data-ooui='{"_":"OO.ui.ButtonInputWidget","type":"submit","value":"Show revisions","label":"Show revisions","flags":["primary","progressive"],"classes":["mw-htmlform-submit"]}'><button type='submit' tabindex='0' value='Show revisions' class='oo-ui-inputWidget-input oo-ui-buttonElement-button'><span class='oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-iconElement-noIcon oo-ui-image-invert'></span><span class='oo-ui-labelElement-label'>Show revisions</span><span class='oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator oo-ui-image-invert'></span></button></span></div> </div></div></fieldset></form></div><div class="mw-history-legend"> <p>Zaban bambanci: Yi makin na tarihan butira na rediyo dan kwatanta sannan a latsa maɓallin da ke ƙasa.<br /> Fasali: <b>(na yanzu)</b> = bambanci da zubi na yanzu, <b>(baya)</b> = bambanci da zubi na baya, <b>m</b> = ƙaramin gyara. </p> </div><form action="/w/index.php" id="mw-history-compare"> <input type="hidden" value="Calculus" name="title"> <div class="mw-history-compareselectedversions"><input class="historysubmit mw-history-compareselectedversions-button cdx-button" title="Duba bambanci tsakanin zaɓaɓɓun zubi biyu na wannan shafi [v]" accesskey="v" type="submit" value="Kwatanta zaɓaɓɓun zubi"> </div><section id="pagehistory" class="mw-pager-body"><h4 class="mw-index-pager-list-header-first mw-index-pager-list-header">11 Disamba 2024</h4><ul class="mw-contributions-list"> <li data-mw-revid="556376" class="mw-tag-visualeditor"><span class="mw-history-histlinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><span class="mw-history-histlinks-current">na yanzu</span></span><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=prev&oldid=556376" class="mw-history-histlinks-previous" title="Difference with preceding revision">baya</a></span></span><input type="radio" value="556376" disabled="" name="oldid" id="mw-oldid-null"><input type="radio" value="556376" checked="" name="diff" id="mw-diff-556376"> <bdi dir="ltr"><span class="mw-changeslist-time">17:11</span><bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&oldid=556376" class="mw-changeslist-date" title="Calculus">17:11, 11 Disamba 2024</a></bdi></bdi> <span class='history-user'><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Bashir_nuhu_usman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-userlink" title="User:Bashir nuhu usman (babu wannan shafin)" data-mw-revid="556376"><bdi>Bashir nuhu usman</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/wiki/Tattaunawar_user:Bashir_nuhu_usman" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Tattaunawar user:Bashir nuhu usman">hira</a></span> <span><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Contributions/Bashir_nuhu_usman" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Musamman:Contributions/Bashir nuhu usman">gudummuwa</a></span></span></span> <abbr class="minoredit" title="Karamin gyara ne">m</abbr> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="history-size mw-diff-bytes" data-mw-bytes="1290">bayit 1,290</span> <span dir="ltr" class="mw-plusminus-pos mw-diff-bytes" title="1,290 bytes bayan sauyi">+161</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">NAsa photo</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-links mw-pager-tools"><span><span class="mw-history-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=edit&undoafter=509557&undo=556376" title=""Janyewa" tana soke wannan gyaran ta kuma buɗa fom kin gyara mai rigya-gani.
Tana ba da damar bayyana dalilin soke gyaran.">janyewa</a></span></span></span> <span class="mw-tag-markers"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Tags" title="Musamman:Tags">Tag</a>: <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-visualeditor"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor">Gyaran gani</a></span></span></li> </ul><h4 class="mw-index-pager-list-header">19 ga Augusta, 2024</h4><ul class="mw-contributions-list"> <li data-mw-revid="509557" class="mw-tag-visualeditor"><span class="mw-history-histlinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=556376&oldid=509557" class="mw-history-histlinks-current" title="Difference with latest revision">na yanzu</a></span><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=prev&oldid=509557" class="mw-history-histlinks-previous" title="Difference with preceding revision">baya</a></span></span><input type="radio" value="509557" checked="" name="oldid" id="mw-oldid-509557"><input type="radio" value="509557" name="diff" id="mw-diff-509557"> <bdi dir="ltr"><span class="mw-changeslist-time">06:27</span><bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&oldid=509557" class="mw-changeslist-date" title="Calculus">06:27, 19 ga Augusta, 2024</a></bdi></bdi> <span class='history-user'><a href="/wiki/User:Dev_moha2507" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Dev moha2507" data-mw-revid="509557"><bdi>Dev moha2507</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/wiki/Tattaunawar_user:Dev_moha2507" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Tattaunawar user:Dev moha2507">hira</a></span> <span><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Contributions/Dev_moha2507" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Musamman:Contributions/Dev moha2507">gudummuwa</a></span></span></span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="history-size mw-diff-bytes" data-mw-bytes="1129">bayit 1,129</span> <span dir="ltr" class="mw-plusminus-pos mw-diff-bytes" title="1,129 bytes bayan sauyi">+63</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">#WPWPNG</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-links mw-pager-tools"><span><span class="mw-history-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=edit&undoafter=509556&undo=509557" title="Calculus">janyewa</a></span></span></span> <span class="mw-tag-markers"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Tags" title="Musamman:Tags">Tag</a>: <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-visualeditor"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor">Gyaran gani</a></span></span></li> <li data-mw-revid="509556" class="mw-tag-visualeditor"><span class="mw-history-histlinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=556376&oldid=509556" class="mw-history-histlinks-current" title="Difference with latest revision">na yanzu</a></span><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=prev&oldid=509556" class="mw-history-histlinks-previous" title="Difference with preceding revision">baya</a></span></span><input type="radio" value="509556" name="oldid" id="mw-oldid-509556"><input type="radio" value="509556" name="diff" id="mw-diff-509556"> <bdi dir="ltr"><span class="mw-changeslist-time">06:26</span><bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&oldid=509556" class="mw-changeslist-date" title="Calculus">06:26, 19 ga Augusta, 2024</a></bdi></bdi> <span class='history-user'><a href="/wiki/User:Dev_moha2507" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Dev moha2507" data-mw-revid="509556"><bdi>Dev moha2507</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/wiki/Tattaunawar_user:Dev_moha2507" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Tattaunawar user:Dev moha2507">hira</a></span> <span><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Contributions/Dev_moha2507" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Musamman:Contributions/Dev moha2507">gudummuwa</a></span></span></span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="history-size mw-diff-bytes" data-mw-bytes="1066">bayit 1,066</span> <span dir="ltr" class="mw-plusminus-pos mw-diff-bytes" title="1,066 bytes bayan sauyi">+53</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">#WPWPNG</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-links mw-pager-tools"><span><span class="mw-history-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=edit&undoafter=440941&undo=509556" title="Calculus">janyewa</a></span></span></span> <span class="mw-tag-markers"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Tags" title="Musamman:Tags">Tag</a>: <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-visualeditor"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor">Gyaran gani</a></span></span></li> </ul><h4 class="mw-index-pager-list-header">13 ga Yuni, 2024</h4><ul class="mw-contributions-list"> <li data-mw-revid="440941" class="mw-tag-wikieditor"><span class="mw-history-histlinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=556376&oldid=440941" class="mw-history-histlinks-current" title="Difference with latest revision">na yanzu</a></span><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=prev&oldid=440941" class="mw-history-histlinks-previous" title="Difference with preceding revision">baya</a></span></span><input type="radio" value="440941" name="oldid" id="mw-oldid-440941"><input type="radio" value="440941" name="diff" id="mw-diff-440941"> <bdi dir="ltr"><span class="mw-changeslist-time">19:13</span><bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&oldid=440941" class="mw-changeslist-date" title="Calculus">19:13, 13 ga Yuni, 2024</a></bdi></bdi> <span class='history-user'><a href="/wiki/User:BnHamid" class="mw-userlink" title="User:BnHamid" data-mw-revid="440941"><bdi>BnHamid</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/wiki/Tattaunawar_user:BnHamid" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Tattaunawar user:BnHamid">hira</a></span> <span><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Contributions/BnHamid" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Musamman:Contributions/BnHamid">gudummuwa</a></span></span></span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="history-size mw-diff-bytes" data-mw-bytes="1013">bayit 1,013</span> <span dir="ltr" class="mw-plusminus-pos mw-diff-bytes" title="1,013 bytes bayan sauyi">+13</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">+Databox</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-links mw-pager-tools"><span><span class="mw-history-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=edit&undoafter=414446&undo=440941" title="Calculus">janyewa</a></span></span></span></li> </ul><h4 class="mw-index-pager-list-header">26 ga Afirilu, 2024</h4><ul class="mw-contributions-list"> <li data-mw-revid="414446" class="mw-tag-wikieditor"><span class="mw-history-histlinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=556376&oldid=414446" class="mw-history-histlinks-current" title="Difference with latest revision">na yanzu</a></span><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=prev&oldid=414446" class="mw-history-histlinks-previous" title="Difference with preceding revision">baya</a></span></span><input type="radio" value="414446" name="oldid" id="mw-oldid-414446"><input type="radio" value="414446" name="diff" id="mw-diff-414446"> <bdi dir="ltr"><span class="mw-changeslist-time">14:29</span><bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&oldid=414446" class="mw-changeslist-date" title="Calculus">14:29, 26 ga Afirilu, 2024</a></bdi></bdi> <span class='history-user'><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Abdulwahabameenu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-userlink" title="User:Abdulwahabameenu (babu wannan shafin)" data-mw-revid="414446"><bdi>Abdulwahabameenu</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/wiki/Tattaunawar_user:Abdulwahabameenu" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Tattaunawar user:Abdulwahabameenu">hira</a></span> <span><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Contributions/Abdulwahabameenu" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Musamman:Contributions/Abdulwahabameenu">gudummuwa</a></span></span></span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="history-size mw-diff-bytes" data-mw-bytes="1000">bayit 1,000</span> <span dir="ltr" class="mw-plusminus-pos mw-diff-bytes" title="1,000 bytes bayan sauyi">+194</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="comment mw-comment-none">No edit summary</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-links mw-pager-tools"><span><span class="mw-history-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=edit&undoafter=414443&undo=414446" title="Calculus">janyewa</a></span></span></span></li> <li data-mw-revid="414443" class="mw-tag-wikieditor"><span class="mw-history-histlinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=556376&oldid=414443" class="mw-history-histlinks-current" title="Difference with latest revision">na yanzu</a></span><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=prev&oldid=414443" class="mw-history-histlinks-previous" title="Difference with preceding revision">baya</a></span></span><input type="radio" value="414443" name="oldid" id="mw-oldid-414443"><input type="radio" value="414443" name="diff" id="mw-diff-414443"> <bdi dir="ltr"><span class="mw-changeslist-time">14:27</span><bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&oldid=414443" class="mw-changeslist-date" title="Calculus">14:27, 26 ga Afirilu, 2024</a></bdi></bdi> <span class='history-user'><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Abdulwahabameenu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-userlink" title="User:Abdulwahabameenu (babu wannan shafin)" data-mw-revid="414443"><bdi>Abdulwahabameenu</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/wiki/Tattaunawar_user:Abdulwahabameenu" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Tattaunawar user:Abdulwahabameenu">hira</a></span> <span><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Contributions/Abdulwahabameenu" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Musamman:Contributions/Abdulwahabameenu">gudummuwa</a></span></span></span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="history-size mw-diff-bytes" data-mw-bytes="806">bayit 806</span> <span dir="ltr" class="mw-plusminus-pos mw-diff-bytes" title="806 bytes bayan sauyi">+123</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="comment mw-comment-none">No edit summary</span> <span class="mw-changeslist-links mw-pager-tools"><span><span class="mw-history-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=edit&undoafter=414442&undo=414443" title="Calculus">janyewa</a></span></span></span></li> <li data-mw-revid="414442" class="mw-tag-wikieditor mw-tag-visualeditor-switched"><span class="mw-history-histlinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&diff=556376&oldid=414442" class="mw-history-histlinks-current" title="Difference with latest revision">na yanzu</a></span><span><span class="mw-history-histlinks-previous">baya</span></span></span><input type="radio" value="414442" name="oldid" id="mw-oldid-414442"><input type="radio" value="414442" name="diff" id="mw-diff-414442"> <bdi dir="ltr"><span class="mw-changeslist-time">14:23</span><bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calculus&oldid=414442" class="mw-changeslist-date" title="Calculus">14:23, 26 ga Afirilu, 2024</a></bdi></bdi> <span class='history-user'><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Abdulwahabameenu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-userlink" title="User:Abdulwahabameenu (babu wannan shafin)" data-mw-revid="414442"><bdi>Abdulwahabameenu</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks mw-changeslist-links"><span><a href="/wiki/Tattaunawar_user:Abdulwahabameenu" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="Tattaunawar user:Abdulwahabameenu">hira</a></span> <span><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Contributions/Abdulwahabameenu" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Musamman:Contributions/Abdulwahabameenu">gudummuwa</a></span></span></span> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="history-size mw-diff-bytes" data-mw-bytes="683">bayit 683</span> <strong dir="ltr" class="mw-plusminus-pos mw-diff-bytes" title="683 bytes bayan sauyi">+683</strong> <span class="mw-changeslist-separator"></span> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">Sabon shafi: '''Calculus''' shine nazarin lissafin lissafi na ci gaba da canji, kamar yadda geometry ke nazarin siffa, algebra kuma shine nazarin gabaɗayan ayyukan lissafi. Asalin ƙididdiga mara iyaka ko “kididdigar Kididdiga marasa iyaka”, tana da manyan rassa guda biyu, kididdiga daban-daban da kididdiga na hadin kai. Tsohuwar ta shafi sauye-sauyen nan take, da gangara na masu lankwasa, yayin da na karshen ya shafi tarin yawa, da wuraren da ke karkashin ko tsakanin masu lankwasa....</span> <span class="mw-tag-markers"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:Tags" title="Musamman:Tags">Tag</a>: <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-visualeditor-switched"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor">Visual edit: Switched</a></span></span></li> </ul><div class="mw-history-compareselectedversions"><input class="historysubmit mw-history-compareselectedversions-button cdx-button" title="Duba bambanci tsakanin zaɓaɓɓun zubi biyu na wannan shafi [v]" accesskey="v" type="submit" value="Kwatanta zaɓaɓɓun zubi"> </div></section></form><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Daga "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus">https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Manufar tsare sirri</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Game_da_Wikipedia">Game da Hausa Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Babban_garga%C9%97i">Hattara</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Injiniyoyin Wikimedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ha.wikipedia.org">Ƙididdiga</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Bayani game da Cookies</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ha.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calculus&action=history&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Wayar hannu</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Binciko</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Ku bincika cikin Hausa Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Musamman:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Binciko</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" >Calculus: Tarihin sauye-sauyen</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Sabon sashe</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-66fb676896-wvvlm","wgBackendResponseTime":165,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.001","walltime":"0.001","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":13,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-66fb676896-wvvlm","timestamp":"20250119100059","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>