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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Detector Physics</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">4,266 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Detector Physics</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Detector_Physics">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37113165" data-work_id="37113165" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37113165/Quantum_Vortex_Electron_Formed_From_Superluminal_Double_Helix_Photon_in_Electron_Positron_Pair_Production">Quantum-Vortex Electron Formed From Superluminal Double-Helix Photon in Electron-Positron Pair Production</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A superluminal quantum-vortex model of the electron and the positron is produced from a superluminal double-helix model of the photon during electron-positron pair production. The two oppositely-charged (with Q = ±e sqrt (2/α) = 16.6e)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37113165" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A superluminal quantum-vortex model of the electron and the positron is produced from a superluminal double-helix model of the photon during electron-positron pair production. The two oppositely-charged (with Q = ±e sqrt (2/α) = 16.6e) open-helix spin-½ half-photons compose the double-helix photon. These half-photons separate and curl up their separated superluminal single-helical trajectories to form an electrically-charged superluminal closed-helix spin-½ quantum-vortex electron model and a corresponding positron model. The helical radius and the Dirac equation's zitterbewegung angular frequency of the quantum vortex electron and positron models equal the helical radius and zitterbewegung angular frequency of the two spin-½ half-photons, each of energy E = mc^2 , that composed the double-helix photon model of energy E = 2mc^2 from which the electron and positron models were produced. The photon and electron models are also compatible when a photon of energy E > 2mc^2 produces a relativistic electron-positron pair. 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CsI(Tl)-Si(PIN) scintillation detector have been studied and compared with the other scintillation detectors such as BaF2 and BGO. Energy Resolution for different radiations of differing... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2312964" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Pulse height and time characteristics of the CsI(Tl)-Si(PIN) scintillation detector have been studied and compared with the other scintillation detectors such as BaF2 and BGO. Energy Resolution for different radiations of differing energies gamma- <br />rays emitted form 137 Cs and 60 Co and alpha particles from the 241 Am and 239 Pu is determined to be 6.41% & 6.24%(75 keV and 83 keV) for the gamma rays of energy 1.17 MeV & 1.33 MeV respectively emitted by 60 Co source. For the Am-Pu source which emits alpha particles of energies 5.155 MeV & 5.486 MeV the resolutions are 2.77% & 2.71%(143 keV and 149 keV) respectively. The time response of the detector has also been investigated and the time resolution for γ-rays is determined to be 170ns.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2312964" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f00a09d6feba6493d8f60d60af7f2851" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30359304,"asset_id":2312964,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30359304/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="345124" href="https://pondiuni.academia.edu/thiru">Thirumugam S</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="345124" type="text/json">{"id":345124,"first_name":"Thirumugam","last_name":"S","domain_name":"pondiuni","page_name":"thiru","display_name":"Thirumugam S","profile_url":"https://pondiuni.academia.edu/thiru?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/345124/714639/14867769/s65_thirumugam.s.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2312964 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2312964"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2312964, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2312964", }); 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Energy Resolution for different radiations of differing energies gamma-\r\nrays emitted form 137 Cs and 60 Co and alpha particles from the 241 Am and 239 Pu is determined to be 6.41% \u0026 6.24%(75 keV and 83 keV) for the gamma rays of energy 1.17 MeV \u0026 1.33 MeV respectively emitted by 60 Co source. For the Am-Pu source which emits alpha particles of energies 5.155 MeV \u0026 5.486 MeV the resolutions are 2.77% \u0026 2.71%(143 keV and 149 keV) respectively. The time response of the detector has also been investigated and the time resolution for γ-rays is determined to be 170ns.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30359304,"asset_id":2312964,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":345124,"first_name":"Thirumugam","last_name":"S","domain_name":"pondiuni","page_name":"thiru","display_name":"Thirumugam S","profile_url":"https://pondiuni.academia.edu/thiru?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/345124/714639/14867769/s65_thirumugam.s.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":22998,"name":"Gamma Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Rays?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":78531,"name":"Scintillators","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scintillators?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":78532,"name":"Radiation Detectors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Detectors?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":163016,"name":"Radiation Detection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Detection?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44622285" data-work_id="44622285" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44622285/HIGH_PURITY_GERMANIUM_HP_Ge_DETECTOR_DETEKTOR_HPGe_">HIGH-PURITY GERMANIUM (HP-Ge) DETECTOR (DETEKTOR HPGe)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">High-Purity Germanium Detector (detektor HP-Ge) merupakan detektor spektroskopi yang menggunakan bahan aktif berupa kristal germanium dengan kemurnian tinggi. Detektor ini dapat mendeteksi foton gamma dan sinar-x dalam orde MeV atau lebih... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44622285" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">High-Purity Germanium Detector (detektor HP-Ge) merupakan detektor spektroskopi yang menggunakan bahan aktif berupa kristal germanium dengan kemurnian tinggi. Detektor ini dapat mendeteksi foton gamma dan sinar-x dalam orde MeV atau lebih tinggi. <br />Kristal dari germanium ini pertama kali dikembangkan pada pertengahan tahun 1970. Awalnya, bahan yang digunakan merupakan germanium yang ditujukan untuk penggunaan industri semikonduktor. Meski saat itu kemurniannya sudah tinggi, namun material germanium tersebut tetap dimurnikan agar tingkat kemurniannya mencapai lebih dari 99%. Untuk mencapai angka tersebut, kristal germanium dilebur dalam wadah menggunakan kumparan pemanas frekuensi radio (RF). Prinsip yang mendasari proses pemurnian ini adalah pengotor berkonsentrasi dalam fase cair meninggalkan solid purer daripada leleh asli karena cairan membeku dan muncul dalam keadaan padat. Kemurnian bahan detektor adalah yang paling penting. Kristal germanium yang telah dimurnikan dengan metode ini dapat mengurangi pengotor hingga kurang dari 10^16 atom/cm^3.<br /><br />Karena detektor HP-Ge menghasilkan resolusi yang tinggi, detektor ini sering digunakan untuk mengukur radiasi dalam berbagai bidang yang diantaranya adalah pemantauan lingkungan untuk kontaminasi radioaktif, uji radiometrik, aplikasi medis, dan keamanan nuklir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44622285" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="880bdac82caf717399657b86a4c6682f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65089828,"asset_id":44622285,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65089828/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="52611214" href="https://ugm.academia.edu/AnshoriMuhajir">Anshori Muhajir</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="52611214" type="text/json">{"id":52611214,"first_name":"Anshori","last_name":"Muhajir","domain_name":"ugm","page_name":"AnshoriMuhajir","display_name":"Anshori Muhajir","profile_url":"https://ugm.academia.edu/AnshoriMuhajir?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52611214/16780815/31621729/s65_anshori.muhajir.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44622285 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44622285"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44622285, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44622285", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44622285]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44622285").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44622285").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44622285"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="514" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics">Nuclear Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="514" type="text/json">{"id":514,"name":"Nuclear Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1328" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation">Radiation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1328" type="text/json">{"id":1328,"name":"Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8030" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics">Radiation Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8030" type="text/json">{"id":8030,"name":"Radiation Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44622285]'), work: {"id":44622285,"title":"HIGH-PURITY GERMANIUM (HP-Ge) DETECTOR (DETEKTOR HPGe)","created_at":"2020-12-02T11:01:43.757-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44622285/HIGH_PURITY_GERMANIUM_HP_Ge_DETECTOR_DETEKTOR_HPGe_?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_44622285","summary":"High-Purity Germanium Detector (detektor HP-Ge) merupakan detektor spektroskopi yang menggunakan bahan aktif berupa kristal germanium dengan kemurnian tinggi. Detektor ini dapat mendeteksi foton gamma dan sinar-x dalam orde MeV atau lebih tinggi. \nKristal dari germanium ini pertama kali dikembangkan pada pertengahan tahun 1970. Awalnya, bahan yang digunakan merupakan germanium yang ditujukan untuk penggunaan industri semikonduktor. Meski saat itu kemurniannya sudah tinggi, namun material germanium tersebut tetap dimurnikan agar tingkat kemurniannya mencapai lebih dari 99%. Untuk mencapai angka tersebut, kristal germanium dilebur dalam wadah menggunakan kumparan pemanas frekuensi radio (RF). Prinsip yang mendasari proses pemurnian ini adalah pengotor berkonsentrasi dalam fase cair meninggalkan solid purer daripada leleh asli karena cairan membeku dan muncul dalam keadaan padat. Kemurnian bahan detektor adalah yang paling penting. Kristal germanium yang telah dimurnikan dengan metode ini dapat mengurangi pengotor hingga kurang dari 10^16 atom/cm^3.\n\nKarena detektor HP-Ge menghasilkan resolusi yang tinggi, detektor ini sering digunakan untuk mengukur radiasi dalam berbagai bidang yang diantaranya adalah pemantauan lingkungan untuk kontaminasi radioaktif, uji radiometrik, aplikasi medis, dan keamanan nuklir.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65089828,"asset_id":44622285,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":52611214,"first_name":"Anshori","last_name":"Muhajir","domain_name":"ugm","page_name":"AnshoriMuhajir","display_name":"Anshori Muhajir","profile_url":"https://ugm.academia.edu/AnshoriMuhajir?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/52611214/16780815/31621729/s65_anshori.muhajir.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":514,"name":"Nuclear Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":1328,"name":"Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":8030,"name":"Radiation Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":98188,"name":"Fisika","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisika?f_ri=19611"},{"id":178156,"name":"Germanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Germanium?f_ri=19611"},{"id":765357,"name":"Radiation Detection And Measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Detection_And_Measurement?f_ri=19611"},{"id":1111340,"name":"Fisika Modern","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fisika_Modern?f_ri=19611"},{"id":1440187,"name":"Perhitungan Dosis Radiasi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perhitungan_Dosis_Radiasi?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14708460 coauthored" data-work_id="14708460" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14708460/The_CMS_experiment_at_the_CERN_LHC">The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14708460" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2acb61352ff3c6430d1cf24ce1fecc8d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39100259,"asset_id":14708460,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39100259/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33662920" href="https://oeaw.academia.edu/SChesnevskaya">S. Chesnevskaya</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33662920" type="text/json">{"id":33662920,"first_name":"S.","last_name":"Chesnevskaya","domain_name":"oeaw","page_name":"SChesnevskaya","display_name":"S. Chesnevskaya","profile_url":"https://oeaw.academia.edu/SChesnevskaya?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33662920/10087224/64483648/s65_s..chesnevskaya.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-14708460">+4</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-14708460"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/LeonelloServoli">Leonello Servoli</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://infn.academia.edu/LeonelloServoli">Leonello Servoli</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://oxford.academia.edu/OwenMaroney">Owen Maroney</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ttu.academia.edu/AlanSill">Alan Sill</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-14708460'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-14708460').html(); 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Chesnevskaya","profile_url":"https://oeaw.academia.edu/SChesnevskaya?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33662920/10087224/64483648/s65_s..chesnevskaya.jpg"},{"id":15320241,"first_name":"Leonello","last_name":"Servoli","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LeonelloServoli","display_name":"Leonello Servoli","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LeonelloServoli?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15320241/4129944/15620950/s65_leonello.servoli.jpg"},{"id":11047250,"first_name":"Leonello","last_name":"Servoli","domain_name":"infn","page_name":"LeonelloServoli","display_name":"Leonello Servoli","profile_url":"https://infn.academia.edu/LeonelloServoli?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":177691,"first_name":"Owen","last_name":"Maroney","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"OwenMaroney","display_name":"Owen Maroney","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/OwenMaroney?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/177691/18057029/18057371/s65_owen.maroney.jpg"},{"id":19554860,"first_name":"Alan","last_name":"Sill","domain_name":"ttu","page_name":"AlanSill","display_name":"Alan Sill","profile_url":"https://ttu.academia.edu/AlanSill?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/08153869298cee788c06078284171032?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":27497,"name":"Instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":52480,"name":"Sociologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociologia?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":61251,"name":"Filosofía","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filosof%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":67135,"name":"Psicología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psicolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":419376,"name":"Detectors for High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detectors_for_High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12326027 coauthored" data-work_id="12326027" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12326027/The_CMS_experiment_at_the_CERN_LHC">The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is described. The detectoroperates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It was conceived tostudy proton-proton (and lead-lead) collisions at a centre-of-massenergy of 14 TeV (5.5 TeV... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12326027" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is described. The detectoroperates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It was conceived tostudy proton-proton (and lead-lead) collisions at a centre-of-massenergy of 14 TeV (5.5 TeV nucleon-nucleon) and at luminosities up to10(34)cm(-2)s(-1) (10(27)cm(-2)s(-1)). At the core of the CMS detectorsits a high-magnetic-field and large-bore superconducting solenoidsurrounding an all-silicon pixel and strip tracker, a lead-tungstatescintillating-crystals electromagnetic calorimeter, and abrass-scintillator sampling hadron calorimeter. The iron yoke of theflux-return is instrumented with four stations of muon detectorscovering most of the 4 pi solid angle. Forward sampling calorimetersextend the pseudo-rapidity coverage to high values (vertical bar etavertical bar <= 5) assuring very good hermeticity. The overalldimensions of the CMS detector are a length of 21.6 m, a diameter of14.6 m and a total weight of 12500 t.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12326027" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f3a75b72f40bdb36d586735d415ecb58" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37598328,"asset_id":12326027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37598328/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15891578" href="https://infim.academia.edu/GeorgeAdrianLungu">George-Adrian Lungu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15891578" type="text/json">{"id":15891578,"first_name":"George-Adrian","last_name":"Lungu","domain_name":"infim","page_name":"GeorgeAdrianLungu","display_name":"George-Adrian Lungu","profile_url":"https://infim.academia.edu/GeorgeAdrianLungu?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15891578/4296206/10119963/s65_george-adrian.lungu.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-12326027">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-12326027"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertoTenchini">Roberto Tenchini</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-12326027'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-12326027').html(); 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The detectoroperates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It was conceived tostudy proton-proton (and lead-lead) collisions at a centre-of-massenergy of 14 TeV (5.5 TeV nucleon-nucleon) and at luminosities up to10(34)cm(-2)s(-1) (10(27)cm(-2)s(-1)). At the core of the CMS detectorsits a high-magnetic-field and large-bore superconducting solenoidsurrounding an all-silicon pixel and strip tracker, a lead-tungstatescintillating-crystals electromagnetic calorimeter, and abrass-scintillator sampling hadron calorimeter. The iron yoke of theflux-return is instrumented with four stations of muon detectorscovering most of the 4 pi solid angle. Forward sampling calorimetersextend the pseudo-rapidity coverage to high values (vertical bar etavertical bar \u003c= 5) assuring very good hermeticity. The overalldimensions of the CMS detector are a length of 21.6 m, a diameter of14.6 m and a total weight of 12500 t.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37598328,"asset_id":12326027,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15891578,"first_name":"George-Adrian","last_name":"Lungu","domain_name":"infim","page_name":"GeorgeAdrianLungu","display_name":"George-Adrian Lungu","profile_url":"https://infim.academia.edu/GeorgeAdrianLungu?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15891578/4296206/10119963/s65_george-adrian.lungu.jpg"},{"id":31037944,"first_name":"Roberto","last_name":"Tenchini","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RobertoTenchini","display_name":"Roberto Tenchini","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RobertoTenchini?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":419376,"name":"Detectors for High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detectors_for_High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41492730 coauthored" data-work_id="41492730" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41492730/Some_Aspects_of_the_Solid_State_Nuclear_Track_Detectors">Some Aspects of the Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An attempt has been made to find some valuable information for particle detection with the help of Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs). The detector is characterized by a critical value of the energy-loss rate by the charged... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41492730" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An attempt has been made to find some valuable information for particle detection with the help of Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (SSNTDs). The detector is characterized by a critical value of the energy-loss rate by the charged particle. Only those charged particles which give up energy exceeding the critical value alone can produce teachable tracks. The detection thresholds of nuclear track detectors can be specified in terms of their energy loss rates. The findings have been found within a good agreement with the other works.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41492730" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3aff3194367a31495f42ecf07ed070e9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61663565,"asset_id":41492730,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61663565/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21046478" href="https://uog-gy.academia.edu/MohammadAyazAhmad">Mohammad Ayaz Ahmad</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21046478" type="text/json">{"id":21046478,"first_name":"Mohammad Ayaz","last_name":"Ahmad","domain_name":"uog-gy","page_name":"MohammadAyazAhmad","display_name":"Mohammad Ayaz Ahmad","profile_url":"https://uog-gy.academia.edu/MohammadAyazAhmad?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21046478/5809954/6602100/s65_mohammad_ayaz.ahmad.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-41492730">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-41492730"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://adnanmenderes.academia.edu/NursabahSarikavakli">Nursabah Sarikavakli</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-41492730'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-41492730').html(); 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The detector is characterized by a critical value of the energy-loss rate by the charged particle. Only those charged particles which give up energy exceeding the critical value alone can produce teachable tracks. The detection thresholds of nuclear track detectors can be specified in terms of their energy loss rates. The findings have been found within a good agreement with the other works.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61663565,"asset_id":41492730,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21046478,"first_name":"Mohammad Ayaz","last_name":"Ahmad","domain_name":"uog-gy","page_name":"MohammadAyazAhmad","display_name":"Mohammad Ayaz Ahmad","profile_url":"https://uog-gy.academia.edu/MohammadAyazAhmad?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21046478/5809954/6602100/s65_mohammad_ayaz.ahmad.jpg"},{"id":37923679,"first_name":"Nursabah","last_name":"Sarikavakli","domain_name":"adnanmenderes","page_name":"NursabahSarikavakli","display_name":"Nursabah Sarikavakli","profile_url":"https://adnanmenderes.academia.edu/NursabahSarikavakli?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":605387,"name":"Positron emission particle tracking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Positron_emission_particle_tracking?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26236065" data-work_id="26236065" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26236065/Liquid_noble_gas_detectors_for_low_energy_particle_physics">Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ABSTRACT:We review the current status of liquid noble gas radiation detectors with energy threshold in the keV range, which are of interest for direct dark matter searches, measurement of coherent neutrino scattering and other low energy... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26236065" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRACT:We review the current status of liquid noble gas radiation detectors with energy threshold in the keV range, which are of interest for direct dark matter searches, measurement of coherent neutrino scattering and other low energy particle physics experiments. Emphasis is given to the operation principles and the most important instrumentation aspects of these detectors, principally of those operated in the double-phase mode. Recent technological advances and relevant developments in photon detection and charge readout are discussed in the context of their applicability to those experiments.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26236065" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="928710aa42324115502b8a3e4967dadc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46552376,"asset_id":26236065,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46552376/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50145814" href="https://uc-pt.academia.edu/VitalyChepel">Vitaly Chepel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50145814" type="text/json">{"id":50145814,"first_name":"Vitaly","last_name":"Chepel","domain_name":"uc-pt","page_name":"VitalyChepel","display_name":"Vitaly Chepel","profile_url":"https://uc-pt.academia.edu/VitalyChepel?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26236065 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26236065"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26236065, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26236065", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26236065]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26236065").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26236065").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26236065"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1249" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Imaging">Medical Imaging</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1249" type="text/json">{"id":1249,"name":"Medical Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Imaging?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4818" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter">Dark Matter</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4818" type="text/json">{"id":4818,"name":"Dark Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14019" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutrino_Physics">Neutrino Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14019" type="text/json">{"id":14019,"name":"Neutrino Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutrino_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26236065]'), work: {"id":26236065,"title":"Liquid noble gas detectors for low energy particle physics","created_at":"2016-06-16T15:32:19.702-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26236065/Liquid_noble_gas_detectors_for_low_energy_particle_physics?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_26236065","summary":"ABSTRACT:We review the current status of liquid noble gas radiation detectors with energy threshold in the keV range, which are of interest for direct dark matter searches, measurement of coherent neutrino scattering and other low energy particle physics experiments. Emphasis is given to the operation principles and the most important instrumentation aspects of these detectors, principally of those operated in the double-phase mode. Recent technological advances and relevant developments in photon detection and charge readout are discussed in the context of their applicability to those experiments.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46552376,"asset_id":26236065,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50145814,"first_name":"Vitaly","last_name":"Chepel","domain_name":"uc-pt","page_name":"VitalyChepel","display_name":"Vitaly Chepel","profile_url":"https://uc-pt.academia.edu/VitalyChepel?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1249,"name":"Medical Imaging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Imaging?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":4818,"name":"Dark Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":14019,"name":"Neutrino Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutrino_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":78532,"name":"Radiation Detectors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Detectors?f_ri=19611"},{"id":161033,"name":"Xenon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Xenon?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12325995" data-work_id="12325995" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12325995/CMS_Physics_Technical_Design_Report_Volume_II_Physics_Performance">CMS Physics Technical Design Report, Volume II: Physics Performance </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of ppcollisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider ( LHC). It currentlyinvolves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37countries. The LHC will... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12325995" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of ppcollisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider ( LHC). It currentlyinvolves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particlephysics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity whenit begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is topresent the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programmeoffered by the LHC. This volume demonstrates the physics capability ofthe CMS experiment. The prime goals of CMS are to explore physics at theTeV scale and to study the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking -through the discovery of the Higgs particle or otherwise. To carry outthis task, CMS must be prepared to search for new particles, such as theHiggs boson or supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model particles,from the start- up of the LHC since new physics at the TeV scale maymanifest itself with modest data samples of the order of a few fb(-1) orless. The analysis tools that have been developed are applied to studyin great detail and with all the methodology of performing an analysison CMS data specific benchmark processes upon which to gauge theperformance of CMS. These processes cover several Higgs boson decaychannels, the production and decay of new particles such as Z' andsupersymmetric particles, B-s production and processes in heavy ioncollisions. The simulation of these benchmark processes includes subtleeffects such as possible detector miscalibration and misalignment.Besides these benchmark processes, the physics reach of CMS is studiedfor a large number of signatures arising in the Standard Model and alsoin theories beyond the Standard Model for integrated luminositiesranging from 1 fb(-1) to 30 fb(-1). The Standard Model processes includeQCD, B-physics, diffraction, detailed studies of the top quarkproperties, and electroweak physics topics such as the W and Z(0) bosonproperties. The production and decay of the Higgs particle is studiedfor many observable decays, and the precision with which the Higgs bosonproperties can be derived is determined. About ten differentsupersymmetry benchmark points are analysed using full simulation. TheCMS discovery reach is evaluated in the SUSY parameter space covering alarge variety of decay signatures. Furthermore, the discovery reach fora plethora of alternative models for new physics is explored, notablyextra dimensions, new vector boson high mass states, little Higgsmodels, technicolour and others. Methods to discriminate between modelshave been investigated. This report is organized as follows. Chapter 1,the Introduction, describes the context of this document. Chapters 2-6describe examples of full analyses, with photons, electrons, muons,jets, missing E-T, B-mesons and tau's, and for quarkonia in heavy ioncollisions. Chapters 7-15 describe the physics reach for Standard Modelprocesses, Higgs discovery and searches for new physics beyond theStandard Model.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12325995" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2deaff763411cf022a465cd248acf901" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37598318,"asset_id":12325995,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37598318/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15891578" href="https://infim.academia.edu/GeorgeAdrianLungu">George-Adrian Lungu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15891578" type="text/json">{"id":15891578,"first_name":"George-Adrian","last_name":"Lungu","domain_name":"infim","page_name":"GeorgeAdrianLungu","display_name":"George-Adrian Lungu","profile_url":"https://infim.academia.edu/GeorgeAdrianLungu?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15891578/4296206/10119963/s65_george-adrian.lungu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12325995 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12325995"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12325995, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12325995", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12325995]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12325995").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12325995").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12325995"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14024" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics">High Energy Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14024" type="text/json">{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="419376" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detectors_for_High_Energy_Physics">Detectors for High Energy Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="419376" type="text/json">{"id":419376,"name":"Detectors for High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detectors_for_High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12325995]'), work: {"id":12325995,"title":"CMS Physics Technical Design Report, Volume II: Physics Performance\t","created_at":"2015-05-10T22:49:32.593-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12325995/CMS_Physics_Technical_Design_Report_Volume_II_Physics_Performance?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_12325995","summary":"CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of ppcollisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider ( LHC). It currentlyinvolves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particlephysics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity whenit begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is topresent the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programmeoffered by the LHC. This volume demonstrates the physics capability ofthe CMS experiment. The prime goals of CMS are to explore physics at theTeV scale and to study the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking -through the discovery of the Higgs particle or otherwise. To carry outthis task, CMS must be prepared to search for new particles, such as theHiggs boson or supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model particles,from the start- up of the LHC since new physics at the TeV scale maymanifest itself with modest data samples of the order of a few fb(-1) orless. The analysis tools that have been developed are applied to studyin great detail and with all the methodology of performing an analysison CMS data specific benchmark processes upon which to gauge theperformance of CMS. These processes cover several Higgs boson decaychannels, the production and decay of new particles such as Z' andsupersymmetric particles, B-s production and processes in heavy ioncollisions. The simulation of these benchmark processes includes subtleeffects such as possible detector miscalibration and misalignment.Besides these benchmark processes, the physics reach of CMS is studiedfor a large number of signatures arising in the Standard Model and alsoin theories beyond the Standard Model for integrated luminositiesranging from 1 fb(-1) to 30 fb(-1). The Standard Model processes includeQCD, B-physics, diffraction, detailed studies of the top quarkproperties, and electroweak physics topics such as the W and Z(0) bosonproperties. The production and decay of the Higgs particle is studiedfor many observable decays, and the precision with which the Higgs bosonproperties can be derived is determined. About ten differentsupersymmetry benchmark points are analysed using full simulation. TheCMS discovery reach is evaluated in the SUSY parameter space covering alarge variety of decay signatures. Furthermore, the discovery reach fora plethora of alternative models for new physics is explored, notablyextra dimensions, new vector boson high mass states, little Higgsmodels, technicolour and others. Methods to discriminate between modelshave been investigated. This report is organized as follows. Chapter 1,the Introduction, describes the context of this document. Chapters 2-6describe examples of full analyses, with photons, electrons, muons,jets, missing E-T, B-mesons and tau's, and for quarkonia in heavy ioncollisions. Chapters 7-15 describe the physics reach for Standard Modelprocesses, Higgs discovery and searches for new physics beyond theStandard Model.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37598318,"asset_id":12325995,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15891578,"first_name":"George-Adrian","last_name":"Lungu","domain_name":"infim","page_name":"GeorgeAdrianLungu","display_name":"George-Adrian Lungu","profile_url":"https://infim.academia.edu/GeorgeAdrianLungu?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15891578/4296206/10119963/s65_george-adrian.lungu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":419376,"name":"Detectors for High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detectors_for_High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_53043142" data-work_id="53043142" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53043142/Physics_Letters_B">Physics Letters B</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Efforts are being made in direct Dark Matter search experiments to detect the primary ionisation in the liquid by extracting the electrons to the gas phase and use the secondary ionization produced in the micropattern electron multipliers... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_53043142" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Efforts are being made in direct Dark Matter search experiments to detect the primary ionisation in the liquid by extracting the electrons to the gas phase and use the secondary ionization produced in the micropattern electron multipliers for signal amplification in noble-liquid dual-phase TPCs. We have studied the secondary scintillation yield of a single Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) and of a Micro-Hole & Strip Plate (MHSP) for xenon at room temperature. Values for secondary scintillation yield between 5.0 × 10^3 and 1.3 × 10^3 photons per primary electron were obtained for the GEM and between 7.2 × 10^4 and 1.8 × 10^3 photons per primary electron for the MHSP, as the pressure increased from 1.0 to 2.5 bar in the GEM-setup and from 1.0 to 3.3 bar in the MHSP-setup, respectively. These values can be more than one order of magnitude higher than what has been obtained in the uniform-field scintillation gaps of the XENON and ZEPLIN-III experiments. Although in the present setups the amount of secondary scintillation obtained is sufficient in view of the use of PMTs, if a different type of readout is considered, such as large area avalanche photodiodes, it will be important to increase the amount of secondary scintillation. The attained results demonstrate the clear advantage of reading the secondary scintillation instead of the charge produced in the electron avalanches of micropattern electron multipliers, in low-background and low-rate experiments, as is the case in direct Dark Matter search.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53043142" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="021ce54aa02c2c9bd01795d5073ed558" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70012730,"asset_id":53043142,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70012730/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="80766977" href="https://uc-pt.academia.edu/CMonteiro">C. 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We have studied the secondary scintillation yield of a single Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) and of a Micro-Hole \u0026 Strip Plate (MHSP) for xenon at room temperature. Values for secondary scintillation yield between 5.0 × 10^3 and 1.3 × 10^3 photons per primary electron were obtained for the GEM and between 7.2 × 10^4 and 1.8 × 10^3 photons per primary electron for the MHSP, as the pressure increased from 1.0 to 2.5 bar in the GEM-setup and from 1.0 to 3.3 bar in the MHSP-setup, respectively. These values can be more than one order of magnitude higher than what has been obtained in the uniform-field scintillation gaps of the XENON and ZEPLIN-III experiments. Although in the present setups the amount of secondary scintillation obtained is sufficient in view of the use of PMTs, if a different type of readout is considered, such as large area avalanche photodiodes, it will be important to increase the amount of secondary scintillation. The attained results demonstrate the clear advantage of reading the secondary scintillation instead of the charge produced in the electron avalanches of micropattern electron multipliers, in low-background and low-rate experiments, as is the case in direct Dark Matter search.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70012730,"asset_id":53043142,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":80766977,"first_name":"C.","last_name":"Monteiro","domain_name":"uc-pt","page_name":"CMonteiro","display_name":"C. M . B . Monteiro","profile_url":"https://uc-pt.academia.edu/CMonteiro?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/80766977/67221292/55584717/s65_c..monteiro.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4818,"name":"Dark Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":8030,"name":"Radiation Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":14019,"name":"Neutrino Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutrino_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":23179,"name":"Astrophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrophysics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":161033,"name":"Xenon","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Xenon?f_ri=19611"},{"id":981035,"name":"Gaseous Detector R \u0026D","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gaseous_Detector_R_and_D?f_ri=19611"},{"id":991011,"name":"Electroluminescence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electroluminescence?f_ri=19611"},{"id":1240440,"name":"Time Projection Chamber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Projection_Chamber?f_ri=19611"},{"id":1628588,"name":"Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micro_Pattern_Gaseous_Detectors?f_ri=19611"},{"id":1802061,"name":"Gas electron multiplier","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_electron_multiplier?f_ri=19611"},{"id":3780490,"name":"Gas electron multipliers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_electron_multipliers?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48270085" data-work_id="48270085" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48270085/The_CMS_experiment_at_the_CERN_LHC">The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48270085" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4a8aacaa48c89230a331bcc22f5cbaab" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66971259,"asset_id":48270085,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66971259/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41965161" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VPetrov2">V. 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I have worked on scientific and engineering projects that range from a few to hundreds of millions and have led teams that range from... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20583438" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">I am an internationally known experimental scientist with a large array of skills and responsibilities. I have worked on scientific and engineering projects that range from a few to hundreds of millions and have led teams that range from a few to hundreds of people. My experience makes me an ideal candidate for research direction in private and public enterprises.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20583438" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c21092bb9439dad425cd746629d01304" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":99847135,"asset_id":20583438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/99847135/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4520010" href="https://bnl.academia.edu/wwwphybnlgovdiwan">Milind V Diwan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4520010" type="text/json">{"id":4520010,"first_name":"Milind","last_name":"Diwan","domain_name":"bnl","page_name":"wwwphybnlgovdiwan","display_name":"Milind V Diwan","profile_url":"https://bnl.academia.edu/wwwphybnlgovdiwan?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4520010/1864970/19583132/s65_milind.diwan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20583438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20583438"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20583438, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20583438", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20583438]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20583438").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20583438").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20583438"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2578" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics">Particle Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2578" type="text/json">{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17871" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics_Education">Physics Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17871" type="text/json">{"id":17871,"name":"Physics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics_Education?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18996" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Physics">Experimental Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18996" type="text/json">{"id":18996,"name":"Experimental Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20583438]'), work: {"id":20583438,"title":"Curriculum Vitae","created_at":"2016-01-22T16:09:51.722-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20583438/Curriculum_Vitae?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_20583438","summary":"I am an internationally known experimental scientist with a large array of skills and responsibilities. I have worked on scientific and engineering projects that range from a few to hundreds of millions and have led teams that range from a few to hundreds of people. My experience makes me an ideal candidate for research direction in private and public enterprises.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":99847135,"asset_id":20583438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4520010,"first_name":"Milind","last_name":"Diwan","domain_name":"bnl","page_name":"wwwphybnlgovdiwan","display_name":"Milind V Diwan","profile_url":"https://bnl.academia.edu/wwwphybnlgovdiwan?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4520010/1864970/19583132/s65_milind.diwan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":17871,"name":"Physics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics_Education?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":18996,"name":"Experimental Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19807895 coauthored" data-work_id="19807895" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19807895/Noble_gas_excimer_scintillation_following_neutron_capture_in_boron_thin_films">Noble gas excimer scintillation following neutron capture in boron thin films</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Far-ultraviolet scintillation signals have been measured in heavy noble gases (argon, krypton, xenon) following boron-neutron capture (10B(n,a)7Li) in 10B thin films. The observed scintillation yields are comparable to the yields from... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19807895" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Far-ultraviolet scintillation signals have been measured in heavy noble gases (argon, krypton, xenon) following boron-neutron capture (10B(n,a)7Li) in 10B thin films. The observed scintillation<br />yields are comparable to the yields from some liquid and solid neutron scintillators. At noble gas pressures of 107 kPa, the number of photons produced per neutron absorbed following irradiation of a 1200 nm thick 10B film was 14 000 for xenon, 11 000 for krypton, and 6000 for argon. The absolute scintillation yields from the experimental configuration were calculated using data from (1) experimental irradiations, (2) thin-film characterizations, (3) photomultiplier tube calibrations, and (4) photon collection modeling. Both the boron films and the photomultiplier tube were characterized at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Monte Carlo modeling of the reaction cell provided estimates of the photon collection efficiency and the transport behavior of 10B(n,a)7Li reaction products escaping the thin films. Scintillation yields increased with gas pressure due to increased ionization and excitation densities of the gases from the 10B(n,a)7Li reaction products, increased frequency of three-body, excimer-forming collisions, and reduced photon emission volumes (i.e., larger solid angle) at higher pressures. Yields decreased for thicker 10B thin films due to higher average energy loss of the 10B(n,a)7Li reaction products escaping the films. The relative standard uncertainties in the measurements were determined to lie between 14% and 16%. The observed scintillation signal demonstrates that noble gas excimer scintillation is promising for use in practical neutron detectors.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19807895" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="00c1bcd957e66510885605a241915576" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40856493,"asset_id":19807895,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40856493/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40750012" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JacobMcComb">Jacob McComb</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40750012" type="text/json">{"id":40750012,"first_name":"Jacob","last_name":"McComb","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JacobMcComb","display_name":"Jacob McComb","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JacobMcComb?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-19807895">+3</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-19807895"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://nist.academia.edu/CharlesClark">Charles Clark</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlanThompson12">Alan Thompson</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://brown.academia.edu/RobertVest">Robert Vest</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-19807895'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-19807895').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_19807895 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19807895"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19807895; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19807895]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19807895").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19807895").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19807895"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="514" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics">Nuclear Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="514" type="text/json">{"id":514,"name":"Nuclear Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29617" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synchrotron_Radiation">Synchrotron Radiation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="29617" type="text/json">{"id":29617,"name":"Synchrotron Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synchrotron_Radiation?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19807895]'), work: {"id":19807895,"title":"Noble gas excimer scintillation following neutron capture in boron thin films","created_at":"2015-12-23T14:18:12.796-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19807895/Noble_gas_excimer_scintillation_following_neutron_capture_in_boron_thin_films?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_19807895","summary":"Far-ultraviolet scintillation signals have been measured in heavy noble gases (argon, krypton, xenon) following boron-neutron capture (10B(n,a)7Li) in 10B thin films. The observed scintillation\nyields are comparable to the yields from some liquid and solid neutron scintillators. At noble gas pressures of 107 kPa, the number of photons produced per neutron absorbed following irradiation of a 1200 nm thick 10B film was 14 000 for xenon, 11 000 for krypton, and 6000 for argon. The absolute scintillation yields from the experimental configuration were calculated using data from (1) experimental irradiations, (2) thin-film characterizations, (3) photomultiplier tube calibrations, and (4) photon collection modeling. Both the boron films and the photomultiplier tube were characterized at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Monte Carlo modeling of the reaction cell provided estimates of the photon collection efficiency and the transport behavior of 10B(n,a)7Li reaction products escaping the thin films. Scintillation yields increased with gas pressure due to increased ionization and excitation densities of the gases from the 10B(n,a)7Li reaction products, increased frequency of three-body, excimer-forming collisions, and reduced photon emission volumes (i.e., larger solid angle) at higher pressures. Yields decreased for thicker 10B thin films due to higher average energy loss of the 10B(n,a)7Li reaction products escaping the films. The relative standard uncertainties in the measurements were determined to lie between 14% and 16%. The observed scintillation signal demonstrates that noble gas excimer scintillation is promising for use in practical neutron detectors.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40856493,"asset_id":19807895,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40750012,"first_name":"Jacob","last_name":"McComb","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JacobMcComb","display_name":"Jacob McComb","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JacobMcComb?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":10095017,"first_name":"Charles","last_name":"Clark","domain_name":"nist","page_name":"CharlesClark","display_name":"Charles Clark","profile_url":"https://nist.academia.edu/CharlesClark?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/7650dd0ceee44c728d5da962b4d2df2c?s=65"},{"id":40924457,"first_name":"Alan","last_name":"Thompson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlanThompson12","display_name":"Alan Thompson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlanThompson12?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":32835813,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Vest","domain_name":"brown","page_name":"RobertVest","display_name":"Robert Vest","profile_url":"https://brown.academia.edu/RobertVest?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":514,"name":"Nuclear Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":29617,"name":"Synchrotron Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Synchrotron_Radiation?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":183339,"name":"Nuclear Reactors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Reactors?f_ri=19611"},{"id":235205,"name":"Neutrons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutrons?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_58189793" data-work_id="58189793" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/58189793/CMS_physics_technical_design_report_volume_II_Physics_performance">CMS physics technical design report, volume II: Physics performance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_58189793" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particle physics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity when it begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is to present the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programme offered by the LHC. 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type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2578" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics">Particle Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2578" type="text/json">{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9432" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experience_Design">Experience Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9432" type="text/json">{"id":9432,"name":"Experience Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experience_Design?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10193" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electroweak_Symmetry_Breaking">Electroweak Symmetry Breaking</a><script 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The EUV or soft-x-ray radiation can generate stable color centers, emitting in the visible spectral range an intense... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3478881" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The use of lithium ﬂuoride (LiF) crystals and ﬁlms as imaging detectors for EUV and soft-X-ray radiation is discussed. The EUV or soft-x-ray radiation can generate stable color centers, emitting in the visible spectral range an intense ﬂuorescence from the exposed areas. The high dynamic response of the material to the received dose and the atomic scale of the color centers make this detector extremely interesting for imaging at a spatial resolution which can be much smaller than the light wavelength. Experimental results of contact microscopy imaging of test meshes demonstrate a resolution of the order of 400 nm. This high spatial resolution has been obtained in a wide ﬁeld of view, up to several mm^2. Images obtained on different biological samples, as well as an investigation of a soft x-ray laser beam are presented. The behavior of the generated color centers density as a function of the deposited X-ray dose and the advantages of this new diagnostic technique for both coherent and non coherent EUV sources, compared with CCDs detectors, photographic ﬁlms and photo-resists are discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3478881" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3d9e640d686979c19caa1d87296e8c6a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31227188,"asset_id":3478881,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31227188/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4078142" href="https://enea.academia.edu/PaoloDiLazzaro">Paolo Di Lazzaro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4078142" type="text/json">{"id":4078142,"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Di Lazzaro","domain_name":"enea","page_name":"PaoloDiLazzaro","display_name":"Paolo Di Lazzaro","profile_url":"https://enea.academia.edu/PaoloDiLazzaro?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4078142/1877033/31450696/s65_paolo.di_lazzaro.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-3478881">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-3478881"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://enea.academia.edu/DanieleMurra">Daniele Murra</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-3478881'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-3478881').html(); 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The behavior of the generated color centers density as a function of the deposited X-ray dose and the advantages of this new diagnostic technique for both coherent and non coherent EUV sources, compared with CCDs detectors, photographic ﬁlms and photo-resists are discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31227188,"asset_id":3478881,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4078142,"first_name":"Paolo","last_name":"Di Lazzaro","domain_name":"enea","page_name":"PaoloDiLazzaro","display_name":"Paolo Di Lazzaro","profile_url":"https://enea.academia.edu/PaoloDiLazzaro?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4078142/1877033/31450696/s65_paolo.di_lazzaro.jpg"},{"id":37616270,"first_name":"Daniele","last_name":"Murra","domain_name":"enea","page_name":"DanieleMurra","display_name":"Daniele 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The proposed phase frequency detector is based on floating gate, consist of 4 transistors including one floating gate... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39422359" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A simple new architecture of phase frequency detector with low power and low phase noise is presented in this paper. The proposed phase frequency detector is based on floating gate, consist of 4 transistors including one floating gate pMOS and one floating gate nMOS constructed with two GDI (gate diffusion input) cells and maintain main characteristics of conventional phase frequency detector in 180 nm technology. Floating gate based methodology reduced the power of phase frequency detector about 51%. Introduction of floating gate based phased frequency detector also reduces the number of transistor as compared with conventional phase frequency detector.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39422359" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="829cd43110974da2b78b8a03036fc3ec" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59567569,"asset_id":39422359,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59567569/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16712186" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VJournal">International journal of VLSI design & Communication Systems (VLSICS)</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16712186" type="text/json">{"id":16712186,"first_name":"International journal of VLSI design \u0026 Communication Systems","last_name":"(VLSICS)","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VJournal","display_name":"International journal of VLSI design \u0026 Communication Systems (VLSICS)","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VJournal?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16712186/5872130/150396149/s65_international_journal_of_vlsi_design_communication_systems._vlsics_.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39422359 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39422359"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39422359, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39422359", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39422359]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39422359").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39422359").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39422359"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="434" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vlsi_Design">Vlsi Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="434" type="text/json">{"id":434,"name":"Vlsi Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vlsi_Design?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2157" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Transformations">Phase Transformations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2157" type="text/json">{"id":2157,"name":"Phase Transformations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Transformations?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13827" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology">Cell Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13827" type="text/json">{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39422359]'), work: {"id":39422359,"title":"THE DESIGN OF A LOW POWER FLOATING GATE BASED PHASE FREQUENCY DETECTOR AND CHARGE PUMP IMPLEMENTATION","created_at":"2019-06-06T22:41:03.311-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39422359/THE_DESIGN_OF_A_LOW_POWER_FLOATING_GATE_BASED_PHASE_FREQUENCY_DETECTOR_AND_CHARGE_PUMP_IMPLEMENTATION?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_39422359","summary":"A simple new architecture of phase frequency detector with low power and low phase noise is presented in this paper. The proposed phase frequency detector is based on floating gate, consist of 4 transistors including one floating gate pMOS and one floating gate nMOS constructed with two GDI (gate diffusion input) cells and maintain main characteristics of conventional phase frequency detector in 180 nm technology. Floating gate based methodology reduced the power of phase frequency detector about 51%. Introduction of floating gate based phased frequency detector also reduces the number of transistor as compared with conventional phase frequency detector.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59567569,"asset_id":39422359,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16712186,"first_name":"International journal of VLSI design \u0026 Communication Systems","last_name":"(VLSICS)","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VJournal","display_name":"International journal of VLSI design \u0026 Communication Systems (VLSICS)","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VJournal?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/16712186/5872130/150396149/s65_international_journal_of_vlsi_design_communication_systems._vlsics_.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":434,"name":"Vlsi Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vlsi_Design?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":2157,"name":"Phase Transformations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Transformations?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":29987,"name":"Gated Communities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gated_Communities?f_ri=19611"},{"id":52048,"name":"Stem Cell Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stem_Cell_Research?f_ri=19611"},{"id":59221,"name":"Phase Diagrams","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Diagrams?f_ri=19611"},{"id":133245,"name":"low power VLSI design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/low_power_VLSI_design?f_ri=19611"},{"id":144046,"name":"Frequency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Frequency?f_ri=19611"},{"id":155203,"name":"Voltage Controlled Oscillator","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voltage_Controlled_Oscillator?f_ri=19611"},{"id":159012,"name":"Radio Frequency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radio_Frequency?f_ri=19611"},{"id":212252,"name":"Phase Change Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Change_Materials?f_ri=19611"},{"id":222950,"name":"Oscillators","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oscillators?f_ri=19611"},{"id":392457,"name":"MOSFET compact modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MOSFET_compact_modeling?f_ri=19611"},{"id":628286,"name":"Logic Gates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Logic_Gates?f_ri=19611"},{"id":907206,"name":"Floating Point","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Floating_Point?f_ri=19611"},{"id":920886,"name":"Charge Pump","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Charge_Pump?f_ri=19611"},{"id":980020,"name":"Voltage Controlled Synthesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Voltage_Controlled_Synthesis?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32136381" data-work_id="32136381" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32136381/Large_single_crystal_diamond_substrates_for_ionizing_radiation_detection">Large single‐crystal diamond substrates for ionizing radiation detection</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The need for large active volume detectors for ionizing radiations and particles, with both large area and thickness, is becoming more and more compelling in a wide range of applications, spanning from X-ray dosimetry to neutron... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32136381" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The need for large active volume detectors for ionizing radiations and particles, with both large area and thickness, is becoming more and more compelling in a wide range of applications, spanning from X-ray dosimetry to neutron spectroscopy. Recently, 8.0 Â 8.0 mm 2 wide and 1.2 mm thick single-crystal diamond plates have been put on the market, representing a first step to the fabrication of large area monolithic diamond detectors with optimized charge transport properties, obtainable up to now only with smaller samples. The more-than-double thickness, if compared to standard plates (typically 500 mm thick), demonstrated to be effective in improving the detector response to highly penetrating ionizing radiations, such as grays. Here we report on the first measurements performed on large active volume single-crystal diamond plates, both in the dark and under irradiation with optical wavelengths (190–1100 nm), X-rays, and radioactive g-emitting sources (57 Co and 22 Na).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32136381" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="785c989d7d446f3739413e55b44898e2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52378763,"asset_id":32136381,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52378763/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3326202" href="https://cnr-it.academia.edu/MarcoGirolami">Marco Girolami</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3326202" type="text/json">{"id":3326202,"first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Girolami","domain_name":"cnr-it","page_name":"MarcoGirolami","display_name":"Marco Girolami","profile_url":"https://cnr-it.academia.edu/MarcoGirolami?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3326202/1112935/8600352/s65_marco.girolami.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32136381 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32136381"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32136381, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32136381", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32136381 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32136381; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32136381"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32136381 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32136381"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32136381; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32136381]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32136381").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32136381").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32136381"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8666" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ITER_Project">ITER Project</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8666" type="text/json">{"id":8666,"name":"ITER Project","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ITER_Project?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22998" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Rays">Gamma Rays</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22998" type="text/json">{"id":22998,"name":"Gamma Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Rays?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32136381]'), work: {"id":32136381,"title":"Large single‐crystal diamond substrates for ionizing radiation detection","created_at":"2017-03-30T00:20:04.201-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32136381/Large_single_crystal_diamond_substrates_for_ionizing_radiation_detection?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_32136381","summary":"The need for large active volume detectors for ionizing radiations and particles, with both large area and thickness, is becoming more and more compelling in a wide range of applications, spanning from X-ray dosimetry to neutron spectroscopy. Recently, 8.0 Â 8.0 mm 2 wide and 1.2 mm thick single-crystal diamond plates have been put on the market, representing a first step to the fabrication of large area monolithic diamond detectors with optimized charge transport properties, obtainable up to now only with smaller samples. The more-than-double thickness, if compared to standard plates (typically 500 mm thick), demonstrated to be effective in improving the detector response to highly penetrating ionizing radiations, such as grays. Here we report on the first measurements performed on large active volume single-crystal diamond plates, both in the dark and under irradiation with optical wavelengths (190–1100 nm), X-rays, and radioactive g-emitting sources (57 Co and 22 Na).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52378763,"asset_id":32136381,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3326202,"first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Girolami","domain_name":"cnr-it","page_name":"MarcoGirolami","display_name":"Marco Girolami","profile_url":"https://cnr-it.academia.edu/MarcoGirolami?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3326202/1112935/8600352/s65_marco.girolami.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":8666,"name":"ITER Project","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ITER_Project?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":22998,"name":"Gamma Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Rays?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":56001,"name":"X Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_Rays?f_ri=19611"},{"id":235205,"name":"Neutrons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutrons?f_ri=19611"},{"id":250583,"name":"Diamond","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diamond?f_ri=19611"},{"id":764258,"name":"Ionizing Radiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ionizing_Radiation?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7582849" data-work_id="7582849" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7582849/Comparison_of_the_X_Ray_Performance_of_Small_Pixel_CdTe_and_CZT_Detectors">Comparison of the X-Ray Performance of Small Pixel CdTe and CZT Detectors</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory has built a small pixel detector for spectroscopic measurements of high energy X-rays using CdTe and CdZnTe. The detector has an array of 20×20 pixels on a 250μm pitch with each pixel bonded to a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7582849" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory has built a small pixel detector for spectroscopic measurements of high energy X-rays using CdTe and CdZnTe. The detector has an array of 20×20 pixels on a 250μm pitch with each pixel bonded to a separate channel on an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Each channel in the ASIC contains a charge preamplifier, leakage current compensation circuit, shaping amplifier and peak hold circuit. In recent years there has been an increase in the availability of high quality CdTe and CdZnTe material and the contacting technology required for low leakage current small pixel devices. The energy resolution and stability of the X-ray performance of 1mm thick CdTe with Aluminum Schottky contact pixels and 2mm thick CdZnTe grown by travelling heater method (THM) are measured. The CdTe detectors had an energy resolution of 1 to 1.1keV at 75keV. The THM CdZnTe had an energy resolution of 1.3keV at 75keV. The stability of the performance was measured over a 12 hour exposure with the detectors biased to -500V and held at 25°C. The CdZnTe exhibited stable performance whereas the CdTe suffered from bias induced polarization, the onset of which was delayed by cooling the detectors to 12°C.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7582849" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2a4dbe5edcf6965258a706b5b4ada0b2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34137207,"asset_id":7582849,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34137207/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13649542" href="https://independentresearcher.academia.edu/TahaSochi">Taha Sochi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13649542" type="text/json">{"id":13649542,"first_name":"Taha","last_name":"Sochi","domain_name":"independentresearcher","page_name":"TahaSochi","display_name":"Taha Sochi","profile_url":"https://independentresearcher.academia.edu/TahaSochi?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7582849 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7582849"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7582849, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7582849", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7582849 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7582849; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7582849"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7582849 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7582849"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7582849; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7582849]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7582849").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7582849").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7582849"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35788" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CdTe">CdTe</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35788" type="text/json">{"id":35788,"name":"CdTe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CdTe?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36020" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-ray_Diffraction">X-ray Diffraction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="36020" type="text/json">{"id":36020,"name":"X-ray Diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-ray_Diffraction?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1077783" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epitaxial_Czts">Epitaxial Czts</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1077783" type="text/json">{"id":1077783,"name":"Epitaxial Czts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epitaxial_Czts?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7582849]'), work: {"id":7582849,"title":"Comparison of the X-Ray Performance of Small Pixel CdTe and CZT Detectors","created_at":"2014-07-07T03:20:28.957-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7582849/Comparison_of_the_X_Ray_Performance_of_Small_Pixel_CdTe_and_CZT_Detectors?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_7582849","summary":"The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory has built a small pixel detector for spectroscopic measurements of high energy X-rays using CdTe and CdZnTe. The detector has an array of 20×20 pixels on a 250μm pitch with each pixel bonded to a separate channel on an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Each channel in the ASIC contains a charge preamplifier, leakage current compensation circuit, shaping amplifier and peak hold circuit. In recent years there has been an increase in the availability of high quality CdTe and CdZnTe material and the contacting technology required for low leakage current small pixel devices. The energy resolution and stability of the X-ray performance of 1mm thick CdTe with Aluminum Schottky contact pixels and 2mm thick CdZnTe grown by travelling heater method (THM) are measured. The CdTe detectors had an energy resolution of 1 to 1.1keV at 75keV. The THM CdZnTe had an energy resolution of 1.3keV at 75keV. The stability of the performance was measured over a 12 hour exposure with the detectors biased to -500V and held at 25°C. The CdZnTe exhibited stable performance whereas the CdTe suffered from bias induced polarization, the onset of which was delayed by cooling the detectors to 12°C.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34137207,"asset_id":7582849,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13649542,"first_name":"Taha","last_name":"Sochi","domain_name":"independentresearcher","page_name":"TahaSochi","display_name":"Taha Sochi","profile_url":"https://independentresearcher.academia.edu/TahaSochi?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":35788,"name":"CdTe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CdTe?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":36020,"name":"X-ray Diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X-ray_Diffraction?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":1077783,"name":"Epitaxial Czts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epitaxial_Czts?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3057068" data-work_id="3057068" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3057068/RPC_monitoring_tools_in_the_CMS_experiment">RPC monitoring tools in the CMS experiment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3057068" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="febd4743ec9edd5d4fc8616be8e7ddff" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31023979,"asset_id":3057068,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31023979/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3508536" href="https://independent.academia.edu/UmbertoBerzano">Umberto Berzano</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3508536" type="text/json">{"id":3508536,"first_name":"Umberto","last_name":"Berzano","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"UmbertoBerzano","display_name":"Umberto Berzano","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UmbertoBerzano?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3508536/1199247/3023171/s65_umberto.berzano.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3057068 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3057068"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3057068, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3057068", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3057068 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3057068; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3057068"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3057068 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3057068"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3057068; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3057068]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3057068").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3057068").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3057068"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14024" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics">High Energy Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14024" type="text/json">{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3057068]'), work: {"id":3057068,"title":"RPC monitoring tools in the CMS experiment","created_at":"2013-03-18T21:45:56.489-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3057068/RPC_monitoring_tools_in_the_CMS_experiment?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_3057068","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31023979,"asset_id":3057068,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3508536,"first_name":"Umberto","last_name":"Berzano","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"UmbertoBerzano","display_name":"Umberto Berzano","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/UmbertoBerzano?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3508536/1199247/3023171/s65_umberto.berzano.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75003991 coauthored" data-work_id="75003991" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75003991/DEVELOPING_HIGH_FIDELITY_REAL_TIME_NUCLEAR_BASED_VIRTUAL_LABORATORIES_USING_PHYSICS_BASED_MODELING_AND_AUTHENTIC_3D_MACHINE_INTERFACES">DEVELOPING HIGH FIDELITY, REAL-TIME NUCLEAR-BASED VIRTUAL LABORATORIES USING PHYSICS-BASED MODELING AND AUTHENTIC 3D MACHINE INTERFACES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Fewer and fewer nuclear facilities remain available across academic institutions with nuclear engineering programs. The effort, cost, and regulatory requirements associated with maintaining these facilities operational, e.g., research... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75003991" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Fewer and fewer nuclear facilities remain available across academic institutions with nuclear engineering programs. The effort, cost, and regulatory requirements associated with maintaining these facilities operational, e.g., research reactors, is increasing exponentially. This limits the pool of interested students and the excitement about the field. Unfortunately, this trend was only exacerbated with the recent COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we present an effort to address this challenge by developing high fidelity, real-time nuclear-based Virtual Laboratories as a means of enriching hands-on laboratory activities and providing more opportunities for students to interact remotely with equipment not feasible otherwise. In this paper, we will describe and discuss in detail the Virtual Labs, the production process including lessons learned, and potential benefits. Our ultimate goal is to demonstrate that Virtual Labs are equally good (if not better) than physical labs.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75003991" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="621ef66a4a1f15377db36dd3f25b3a70" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82949162,"asset_id":75003991,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82949162/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="155482333" href="https://purdue.academia.edu/AsifAnwar">Asif Anwar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="155482333" type="text/json">{"id":155482333,"first_name":"Asif","last_name":"Anwar","domain_name":"purdue","page_name":"AsifAnwar","display_name":"Asif Anwar","profile_url":"https://purdue.academia.edu/AsifAnwar?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/155482333/77405947/66018599/s65_asif.anwar.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-75003991">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-75003991"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/XinyiJoyceZhou">Xinyi Joyce Zhou</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-75003991'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-75003991').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75003991 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75003991"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75003991, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75003991", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75003991 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75003991; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75003991"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75003991 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75003991"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75003991; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75003991]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75003991").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75003991").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75003991"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Engineering">Nuclear Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="80" type="text/json">{"id":80,"name":"Nuclear Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Engineering?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="640" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiology">Radiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="640" type="text/json">{"id":640,"name":"Radiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiology?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11005" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Ray_Bursts">Gamma Ray Bursts</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11005" type="text/json">{"id":11005,"name":"Gamma Ray Bursts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Ray_Bursts?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75003991]'), work: {"id":75003991,"title":"DEVELOPING HIGH FIDELITY, REAL-TIME NUCLEAR-BASED VIRTUAL LABORATORIES USING PHYSICS-BASED MODELING AND AUTHENTIC 3D MACHINE INTERFACES","created_at":"2022-03-30T13:08:17.512-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75003991/DEVELOPING_HIGH_FIDELITY_REAL_TIME_NUCLEAR_BASED_VIRTUAL_LABORATORIES_USING_PHYSICS_BASED_MODELING_AND_AUTHENTIC_3D_MACHINE_INTERFACES?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_75003991","summary":"Fewer and fewer nuclear facilities remain available across academic institutions with nuclear engineering programs. The effort, cost, and regulatory requirements associated with maintaining these facilities operational, e.g., research reactors, is increasing exponentially. This limits the pool of interested students and the excitement about the field. Unfortunately, this trend was only exacerbated with the recent COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we present an effort to address this challenge by developing high fidelity, real-time nuclear-based Virtual Laboratories as a means of enriching hands-on laboratory activities and providing more opportunities for students to interact remotely with equipment not feasible otherwise. In this paper, we will describe and discuss in detail the Virtual Labs, the production process including lessons learned, and potential benefits. Our ultimate goal is to demonstrate that Virtual Labs are equally good (if not better) than physical labs.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82949162,"asset_id":75003991,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":155482333,"first_name":"Asif","last_name":"Anwar","domain_name":"purdue","page_name":"AsifAnwar","display_name":"Asif Anwar","profile_url":"https://purdue.academia.edu/AsifAnwar?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/155482333/77405947/66018599/s65_asif.anwar.jpg"},{"id":228218251,"first_name":"Xinyi Joyce","last_name":"Zhou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"XinyiJoyceZhou","display_name":"Xinyi Joyce Zhou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/XinyiJoyceZhou?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/228218251/85031873/73673855/s65_xinyi_joyce.zhou.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":80,"name":"Nuclear Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Engineering?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":640,"name":"Radiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiology?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":11005,"name":"Gamma Ray Bursts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gamma_Ray_Bursts?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":48378,"name":"Virtual Learning Environments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Learning_Environments?f_ri=19611"},{"id":78532,"name":"Radiation Detectors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Detectors?f_ri=19611"},{"id":98941,"name":"Virtual Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Learning?f_ri=19611"},{"id":1107427,"name":"Reactor Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reactor_Design?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74234038" data-work_id="74234038" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74234038/CMS_physics_technical_design_report_volume_II_Physics_performance">CMS physics technical design report, volume II: Physics performance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74234038" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particle physics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity when it begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is to present the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programme offered by the LHC. 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The subject is developed from the perspective of a physicist so that the applications can be made generally to a wide variety of systems:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33783931" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In these two lectures I cover the basics of linear systems and elementary analysis of random noise. The subject is developed from the perspective of a physicist so that the applications can be made generally to a wide variety of systems: electronics, mechanical, etc. <br /> <br />Unusual and original element of this analysis is the extensive use of the delta function and digitized data. This allows some intuition regarding some of the results. Bibliography is provided and some important results are re-derived in new ways.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33783931" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bf787fae99c0fa4e3ff40149c3c9cf30" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54996967,"asset_id":33783931,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54996967/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4520010" href="https://bnl.academia.edu/wwwphybnlgovdiwan">Milind V Diwan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4520010" type="text/json">{"id":4520010,"first_name":"Milind","last_name":"Diwan","domain_name":"bnl","page_name":"wwwphybnlgovdiwan","display_name":"Milind V Diwan","profile_url":"https://bnl.academia.edu/wwwphybnlgovdiwan?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4520010/1864970/19583132/s65_milind.diwan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33783931 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33783931"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33783931, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33783931", }); 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Bibliography is provided and some important results are re-derived in new ways.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54996967,"asset_id":33783931,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4520010,"first_name":"Milind","last_name":"Diwan","domain_name":"bnl","page_name":"wwwphybnlgovdiwan","display_name":"Milind V Diwan","profile_url":"https://bnl.academia.edu/wwwphybnlgovdiwan?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4520010/1864970/19583132/s65_milind.diwan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":58906,"name":"Fourier Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fourier_Analysis?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":68431,"name":"Noise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Noise?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":157353,"name":"Communications theory, signal processing, applied mathematics to communications systems, control theory, electromagnetism, microwave theory, electronics, computings and operational systems, antenna theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communications_theory_signal_processing_applied_mathematics_to_communications_systems_control_the?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":419376,"name":"Detectors for High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detectors_for_High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27125205" data-work_id="27125205" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27125205/CMS_Physics_Technical_Design_Report_Volume_II_Physics_Performance">CMS Physics Technical Design Report, Volume II: Physics Performance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27125205" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b5ad7fcca9dec9e622838700cde16687" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47401752,"asset_id":27125205,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47401752/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42271429" href="https://ethz.academia.edu/StefanoMarelliETH">S. 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Marelli","profile_url":"https://ethz.academia.edu/StefanoMarelliETH?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42271429/13535972/14712914/s65_s..marelli.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":9432,"name":"Experience Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experience_Design?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":10193,"name":"Electroweak Symmetry Breaking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electroweak_Symmetry_Breaking?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":20074,"name":"Beyond the Standard Model Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beyond_the_Standard_Model_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":67135,"name":"Psicología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psicolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":67584,"name":"Large Hadron Collider","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Hadron_Collider?f_ri=19611"},{"id":130616,"name":"Standard Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Standard_Model?f_ri=19611"},{"id":195773,"name":"Top Quark","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Top_Quark?f_ri=19611"},{"id":203396,"name":"Higgs boson","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higgs_boson?f_ri=19611"},{"id":422089,"name":"Physical Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physical_Performance?f_ri=19611"},{"id":701253,"name":"New Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Physics?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11898480" data-work_id="11898480" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11898480/p081_A_Numerical_Method_for_the_Calibration_of_In_Situ_Gamma_Ray_Spectroscopy_Systems">p081 A Numerical Method for the Calibration of In Situ Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Systems</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11898480" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopy">Spectroscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5427" type="text/json">{"id":5427,"name":"Spectroscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectroscopy?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8030" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics">Radiation Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8030" type="text/json">{"id":8030,"name":"Radiation Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10032" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection">Radiation Protection</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10032" type="text/json">{"id":10032,"name":"Radiation Protection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Protection?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if 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})();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11603881" data-work_id="11603881" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11603881/Pixelated_Single_crystal_Diamond_Detector_for_fast_neutron_measurements">Pixelated Single-crystal Diamond Detector for fast neutron measurements </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Single-crystal Diamond Detectors (SDDs), due to their high radiation hardness, fast response time and small size, are good candidates as fast neutron detectors in those environments where the high neutron flux is an issue, such as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11603881" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Single-crystal Diamond Detectors (SDDs), due to their high radiation hardness, fast response time and small size, are good candidates as fast neutron detectors in those environments where the high neutron flux is an issue, such as spallation neutron sources and the next generation thermonuclear fusion plasmas, i.e. the ITER experiment. Neutron detection in SDDs is based on the collection of electron-hole pairs produced by charged particles generated by neutron interactions with 12C. Recent measurements have demonstrated the SDD capability of measuring the neutron flux with a good energy resolution and at high rates. In this work a novel detector based on a 12-pixels SDD matrix will be presented. Each pixel is equipped with an independent electronic chain: the fast shaping preamplifier coupled to a digitizer is able to combine the high rate capability and the good energy resolution. Two CAEN digitizers are compared and the possibility of performing good energy resolution measurements (< 2%) and at high rates (> 1 MHz per channel) is described. Each pixel was characterized and calibrated using an 241Am source: the energy resolution was evaluated and gives a mean value of 1.73% at 5.5 MeV. The good energy resolution achieved and its uniformity between pixels are the demonstration of the capability of this novel detector as a spectrometer. This system will be installed during the next Deuterium-Tritium campaign on a collimated vertical line of sight at JET for 14 MeV neutron measurements.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11603881" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fc51dc94497b6b854fec477cf4e19e1e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37080497,"asset_id":11603881,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37080497/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3326202" href="https://cnr-it.academia.edu/MarcoGirolami">Marco Girolami</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3326202" type="text/json">{"id":3326202,"first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Girolami","domain_name":"cnr-it","page_name":"MarcoGirolami","display_name":"Marco Girolami","profile_url":"https://cnr-it.academia.edu/MarcoGirolami?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3326202/1112935/8600352/s65_marco.girolami.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11603881 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11603881"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11603881, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11603881", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11603881]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11603881").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11603881").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11603881"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="514" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics">Nuclear Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="514" type="text/json">{"id":514,"name":"Nuclear Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="519" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_State_Physics">Solid State Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="519" type="text/json">{"id":519,"name":"Solid State Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_State_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8030" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics">Radiation Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8030" type="text/json">{"id":8030,"name":"Radiation Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11603881]'), work: {"id":11603881,"title":"Pixelated Single-crystal Diamond Detector for fast neutron measurements ","created_at":"2015-03-23T04:50:46.681-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11603881/Pixelated_Single_crystal_Diamond_Detector_for_fast_neutron_measurements?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_11603881","summary":"Single-crystal Diamond Detectors (SDDs), due to their high radiation hardness, fast response time and small size, are good candidates as fast neutron detectors in those environments where the high neutron flux is an issue, such as spallation neutron sources and the next generation thermonuclear fusion plasmas, i.e. the ITER experiment. Neutron detection in SDDs is based on the collection of electron-hole pairs produced by charged particles generated by neutron interactions with 12C. Recent measurements have demonstrated the SDD capability of measuring the neutron flux with a good energy resolution and at high rates. In this work a novel detector based on a 12-pixels SDD matrix will be presented. Each pixel is equipped with an independent electronic chain: the fast shaping preamplifier coupled to a digitizer is able to combine the high rate capability and the good energy resolution. Two CAEN digitizers are compared and the possibility of performing good energy resolution measurements (\u003c 2%) and at high rates (\u003e 1 MHz per channel) is described. Each pixel was characterized and calibrated using an 241Am source: the energy resolution was evaluated and gives a mean value of 1.73% at 5.5 MeV. The good energy resolution achieved and its uniformity between pixels are the demonstration of the capability of this novel detector as a spectrometer. This system will be installed during the next Deuterium-Tritium campaign on a collimated vertical line of sight at JET for 14 MeV neutron measurements. \r\n\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37080497,"asset_id":11603881,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3326202,"first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Girolami","domain_name":"cnr-it","page_name":"MarcoGirolami","display_name":"Marco Girolami","profile_url":"https://cnr-it.academia.edu/MarcoGirolami?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3326202/1112935/8600352/s65_marco.girolami.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":514,"name":"Nuclear Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":519,"name":"Solid State Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_State_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":8030,"name":"Radiation Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":82231,"name":"Inelastic Neutron Scattering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inelastic_Neutron_Scattering?f_ri=19611"},{"id":106363,"name":"Diamonds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diamonds?f_ri=19611"},{"id":150094,"name":"Fusion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fusion?f_ri=19611"},{"id":163016,"name":"Radiation Detection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Detection?f_ri=19611"},{"id":526992,"name":"Solid State Devices","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_State_Devices?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81758300" data-work_id="81758300" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81758300/The_CMS_experiment_at_the_CERN_LHC">The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81758300" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3bcf63459b01a3f65203b21e711f7a48" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87692023,"asset_id":81758300,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87692023/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47405072" href="https://pw.academia.edu/RRomaniuk">R. Romaniuk</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47405072" type="text/json">{"id":47405072,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Romaniuk","domain_name":"pw","page_name":"RRomaniuk","display_name":"R. Romaniuk","profile_url":"https://pw.academia.edu/RRomaniuk?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47405072/18968536/18915241/s65_r..romaniuk.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81758300 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81758300"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81758300, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81758300", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81758300 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81758300; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81758300"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81758300 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81758300"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81758300; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81758300]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81758300").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81758300").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81758300"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2578" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics">Particle Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2578" type="text/json">{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2979" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manufacturing">Manufacturing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2979" type="text/json">{"id":2979,"name":"Manufacturing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manufacturing?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3587" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CMS">CMS</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3587" type="text/json">{"id":3587,"name":"CMS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CMS?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81758300]'), work: {"id":81758300,"title":"The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC","created_at":"2022-06-18T05:40:43.813-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81758300/The_CMS_experiment_at_the_CERN_LHC?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_81758300","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87692023,"asset_id":81758300,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47405072,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Romaniuk","domain_name":"pw","page_name":"RRomaniuk","display_name":"R. Romaniuk","profile_url":"https://pw.academia.edu/RRomaniuk?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47405072/18968536/18915241/s65_r..romaniuk.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":2979,"name":"Manufacturing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manufacturing?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":3587,"name":"CMS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CMS?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":5109,"name":"Pattern Recognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pattern_Recognition?f_ri=19611"},{"id":9038,"name":"Digital Signal Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Signal_Processing?f_ri=19611"},{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":24538,"name":"Computing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computing?f_ri=19611"},{"id":27497,"name":"Instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation?f_ri=19611"},{"id":61251,"name":"Filosofía","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filosof%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":67135,"name":"Psicología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psicolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":67583,"name":"LHC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/LHC?f_ri=19611"},{"id":100786,"name":"Calorimeters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calorimeters?f_ri=19611"},{"id":203396,"name":"Higgs boson","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higgs_boson?f_ri=19611"},{"id":419376,"name":"Detectors for High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detectors_for_High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":1390449,"name":"Particle Accelerators","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Accelerators?f_ri=19611"},{"id":1499498,"name":"High energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_energy?f_ri=19611"},{"id":2133686,"name":"Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_detector_systems_for_particle_and_astroparticle_physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":2960842,"name":"HEP instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/HEP_instrumentation?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73492372" data-work_id="73492372" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73492372/The_CMS_experiment_at_the_CERN_LHC">The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is described. The detector operates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It was conceived to study proton-proton (and lead-lead) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV (5.5 TeV... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73492372" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is described. The detector operates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It was conceived to study proton-proton (and lead-lead) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV (5.5 TeV nucleon-nucleon) and at ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/73492372" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="95bcec3846eb329e93e12d9c59ff2de0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81994581,"asset_id":73492372,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81994581/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21612320" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SergeyTroshin">Sergey Troshin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21612320" type="text/json">{"id":21612320,"first_name":"Sergey","last_name":"Troshin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SergeyTroshin","display_name":"Sergey Troshin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SergeyTroshin?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/fe55d8508ad3615a5238d1e090492528?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_73492372 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="73492372"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 73492372, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_73492372", }); 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The detector operates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It was conceived to study proton-proton (and lead-lead) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV (5.5 TeV nucleon-nucleon) and at ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81994581,"asset_id":73492372,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21612320,"first_name":"Sergey","last_name":"Troshin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SergeyTroshin","display_name":"Sergey Troshin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SergeyTroshin?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/fe55d8508ad3615a5238d1e090492528?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":27497,"name":"Instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":52480,"name":"Sociologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociologia?f_ri=19611"},{"id":61251,"name":"Filosofía","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filosof%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":67135,"name":"Psicología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psicolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":419376,"name":"Detectors for High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detectors_for_High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_73430546" data-work_id="73430546" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73430546/CMS_physics_technical_design_report_volume_II_Physics_performance">CMS physics technical design report, volume II: Physics performance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_73430546" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particle physics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity when it begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is to present the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programme offered by the LHC. 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It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particle physics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity when it begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is to present the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programme offered by the LHC. This ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81955099,"asset_id":73430546,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5713958,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Krofcheck","domain_name":"auckland","page_name":"DavidKrofcheck","display_name":"David Krofcheck","profile_url":"https://auckland.academia.edu/DavidKrofcheck?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5713958/2476239/14949527/s65_david.krofcheck.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":2578,"name":"Particle Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Particle_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":9432,"name":"Experience Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experience_Design?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":10193,"name":"Electroweak Symmetry Breaking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electroweak_Symmetry_Breaking?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":20074,"name":"Beyond the Standard Model Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Beyond_the_Standard_Model_Physics?f_ri=19611"},{"id":67135,"name":"Psicología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psicolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":67584,"name":"Large Hadron Collider","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Large_Hadron_Collider?f_ri=19611"},{"id":130616,"name":"Standard Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Standard_Model?f_ri=19611"},{"id":195773,"name":"Top Quark","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Top_Quark?f_ri=19611"},{"id":203396,"name":"Higgs 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TheINOfacilitywillhosta51ktonmagnetizedIronCALorimeter(ICAL)detectortostudy atmospheric... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11879016" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">a b s t r a c t<br />India-based NeutrinoObservatory(INO)isamulti-institutionalfacility,plannedtobebuiltupinSouth<br />India. TheINOfacilitywillhosta51ktonmagnetizedIronCALorimeter(ICAL)detectortostudy<br />atmospheric muonneutrinos.IronplateshavebeenchosenasthetargetmaterialwhereasResistivePlate<br />Chambers (RPCs)havebeenchosenastheactivedetectorelementfortheICALexperiment.Duetothe<br />large numberofRPCsneeded(28,000of2m2 minsize)forICALexperimentandforthelong<br />lifetime oftheexperiment,itisnecessarytoperformadetailed R&D such thateachandeveryparameter<br />of thedetectorperformancecanbeoptimizedtoimprovethephysicsoutput.Inthispaper,wereporton<br />the detailedmaterialandelectricalpropertiesstudiesforvarioustypesofglasselectrodesavailable<br />locally.WealsoreportontheperformancestudiescarriedoutontheRPCsmadewiththeseelectrodesas<br />well astheeffectofgascompositionandenvironmentaltemperatureonthedetectorperformance.We<br />also layemphasisontheusageofmaterialsforRPCelectrodesandthesuitableenvironmentalconditions<br />applicable foroperatingtheRPCdetectorforoptimalphysicsoutputatINO-ICALexperiment.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11879016" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5716847cfe80d3128f80714151a82195" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37264189,"asset_id":11879016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37264189/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="21325520" href="https://du-in.academia.edu/PraveenKuamr">Praveen Kumar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="21325520" type="text/json">{"id":21325520,"first_name":"Praveen","last_name":"Kumar","domain_name":"du-in","page_name":"PraveenKuamr","display_name":"Praveen Kumar","profile_url":"https://du-in.academia.edu/PraveenKuamr?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21325520/5883868/6681767/s65_praveen.kumar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11879016 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11879016"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11879016, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11879016", }); 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TheINOfacilitywillhosta51ktonmagnetizedIronCALorimeter(ICAL)detectortostudy\natmospheric muonneutrinos.IronplateshavebeenchosenasthetargetmaterialwhereasResistivePlate\nChambers (RPCs)havebeenchosenastheactivedetectorelementfortheICALexperiment.Duetothe\nlarge numberofRPCsneeded(\u000128,000of2m\u00032 minsize)forICALexperimentandforthelong\nlifetime oftheexperiment,itisnecessarytoperformadetailed R\u0026D such thateachandeveryparameter\nof thedetectorperformancecanbeoptimizedtoimprovethephysicsoutput.Inthispaper,wereporton\nthe detailedmaterialandelectricalpropertiesstudiesforvarioustypesofglasselectrodesavailable\nlocally.WealsoreportontheperformancestudiescarriedoutontheRPCsmadewiththeseelectrodesas\nwell astheeffectofgascompositionandenvironmentaltemperatureonthedetectorperformance.We\nalso layemphasisontheusageofmaterialsforRPCelectrodesandthesuitableenvironmentalconditions\napplicable foroperatingtheRPCdetectorforoptimalphysicsoutputatINO-ICALexperiment.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37264189,"asset_id":11879016,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":21325520,"first_name":"Praveen","last_name":"Kumar","domain_name":"du-in","page_name":"PraveenKuamr","display_name":"Praveen Kumar","profile_url":"https://du-in.academia.edu/PraveenKuamr?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/21325520/5883868/6681767/s65_praveen.kumar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":514,"name":"Nuclear Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":1823501,"name":"Resistive Plate Chambers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resistive_Plate_Chambers?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80029747" data-work_id="80029747" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80029747/The_CMS_experiment_at_the_CERN_LHC">The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80029747" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d54cad612034560ff80b2e0e01fb672" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86547148,"asset_id":80029747,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86547148/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42722248" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RampazzoG">G. 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$(".js-percentile-work_77430214"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_77430214 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77430214"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77430214; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77430214]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_77430214").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_77430214").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="77430214"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="498" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="498" type="text/json">{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14024" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics">High Energy Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14024" type="text/json">{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27497" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation">Instrumentation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27497" type="text/json">{"id":27497,"name":"Instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=77430214]'), work: {"id":77430214,"title":"The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC","created_at":"2022-04-24T01:56:30.068-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/77430214/The_CMS_experiment_at_the_CERN_LHC?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_77430214","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84799105,"asset_id":77430214,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":60081719,"first_name":"Eric","last_name":"Chabanat","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EricChabanat","display_name":"Eric Chabanat","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EricChabanat?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/60081719/157349541/146986550/s65_eric.chabanat.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":14024,"name":"High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":27497,"name":"Instrumentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":52480,"name":"Sociologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociologia?f_ri=19611"},{"id":61251,"name":"Filosofía","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Filosof%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":67135,"name":"Psicología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psicolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=19611"},{"id":419376,"name":"Detectors for High Energy Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detectors_for_High_Energy_Physics?f_ri=19611"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44148009" data-work_id="44148009" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44148009/Impact_of_Charge_Trapping_on_the_Energy_Resolution_of_Ge_Detectors_for_Rare_Event_Physics_Searches">Impact of Charge Trapping on the Energy Resolution of Ge Detectors for Rare-Event Physics Searches</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Charge trapping degrades the energy resolution of germanium (Ge) detectors, which require to have increased experimental sensitivity in searching for dark matter and neutrinoless double-beta decay. We investigate the charge trapping... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44148009" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Charge trapping degrades the energy resolution of germanium (Ge) detectors, which require to have increased experimental sensitivity in searching for dark matter and neutrinoless double-beta decay. We investigate the charge trapping processes utilizing nine planar detectors fabricated from USD-grown crystals with well-known net impurity levels. The charge collection efficiency as a function of charge trapping length is derived from the Shockley-Ramo theorem. Furthermore, we develop a model that correlates the energy resolution with the charge collection efficiency. This model is then applied to the experimental data. As a result, charge collection efficiency and charge trapping length are determined accordingly. Utilizing the Lax model (further developed by CDMS collaborators), the absolute impurity levels are determined for nine detectors. The knowledge of these parameters when combined with other traits such as the Fano factor serve as a reliable indicator of the intrinsic nature of charge trapping within the crystals. We demonstrate that electron trapping is more severe than hole trapping in a p-type detector and the charge collection efficiency depends on the absolute impurity level of the Ge crystal when an adequate bias voltage is applied to the detector. Negligible charge trapping is found when the absolute impurity level is less than 1.0×10 11 /cm 3 for collecting electrons and 2.0×10 11 /cm 3 for collecting holes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44148009" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a2fe373f66af53bd2cf18ca0f8847e2f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64502580,"asset_id":44148009,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64502580/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6562838" href="https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/MukundRB">Mukund RB</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6562838" type="text/json">{"id":6562838,"first_name":"Mukund","last_name":"RB","domain_name":"lmu-munich","page_name":"MukundRB","display_name":"Mukund RB","profile_url":"https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/MukundRB?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44148009 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44148009"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44148009, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44148009", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44148009]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44148009").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44148009").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44148009"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4205" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Analysis">Data Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4205" type="text/json">{"id":4205,"name":"Data Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Analysis?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4818" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter">Dark Matter</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4818" type="text/json">{"id":4818,"name":"Dark Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8030" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics">Radiation Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8030" type="text/json">{"id":8030,"name":"Radiation Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19611" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics">Detector Physics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="19611" type="text/json">{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44148009]'), work: {"id":44148009,"title":"Impact of Charge Trapping on the Energy Resolution of Ge Detectors for Rare-Event Physics Searches","created_at":"2020-09-23T05:46:06.276-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44148009/Impact_of_Charge_Trapping_on_the_Energy_Resolution_of_Ge_Detectors_for_Rare_Event_Physics_Searches?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_44148009","summary":"Charge trapping degrades the energy resolution of germanium (Ge) detectors, which require to have increased experimental sensitivity in searching for dark matter and neutrinoless double-beta decay. We investigate the charge trapping processes utilizing nine planar detectors fabricated from USD-grown crystals with well-known net impurity levels. The charge collection efficiency as a function of charge trapping length is derived from the Shockley-Ramo theorem. Furthermore, we develop a model that correlates the energy resolution with the charge collection efficiency. This model is then applied to the experimental data. As a result, charge collection efficiency and charge trapping length are determined accordingly. Utilizing the Lax model (further developed by CDMS collaborators), the absolute impurity levels are determined for nine detectors. The knowledge of these parameters when combined with other traits such as the Fano factor serve as a reliable indicator of the intrinsic nature of charge trapping within the crystals. We demonstrate that electron trapping is more severe than hole trapping in a p-type detector and the charge collection efficiency depends on the absolute impurity level of the Ge crystal when an adequate bias voltage is applied to the detector. Negligible charge trapping is found when the absolute impurity level is less than 1.0×10 11 /cm 3 for collecting electrons and 2.0×10 11 /cm 3 for collecting holes.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64502580,"asset_id":44148009,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6562838,"first_name":"Mukund","last_name":"RB","domain_name":"lmu-munich","page_name":"MukundRB","display_name":"Mukund RB","profile_url":"https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/MukundRB?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4205,"name":"Data Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Analysis?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":4818,"name":"Dark Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dark_Matter?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":8030,"name":"Radiation Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiation_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42604237 coauthored" data-work_id="42604237" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42604237/Efficient_Machine_Learning_Approach_for_Optimizing_the_Timing_Resolution_of_a_High_Purity_Germanium_Detector">Efficient Machine Learning Approach for Optimizing the Timing Resolution of a High Purity Germanium Detector</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We describe here an efficient machine-learning based approach for the optimization of parameters used for extracting the arrival time of waveforms, in particular those generated by the detection of 511 keV annihilation γ-rays by a 60 cm 3... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42604237" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We describe here an efficient machine-learning based approach for the optimization of parameters used for extracting the arrival time of waveforms, in particular those generated by the detection of 511 keV annihilation γ-rays by a 60 cm 3 coaxial high purity germanium detector (HPGe). The method utilizes a type of artificial neural network (ANN) called a self-organizing map (SOM) to cluster the HPGe waveforms based on the shape of their rising edges. The optimal timing parameters for HPGe waveforms belonging to a particular cluster are found by minimizing the time difference between the HPGe signal and a signal produced by a BaF 2 scintillation detector. Applying these variable timing parameters to the HPGe signals achieved a γ-γ coincidence timing resolution of ~ 4.3 ns at the 511 keV photo peak (defined as 511 ± 50 keV) and a timing resolution of ~ 6.5 ns for the entire γ spectrum-without rejecting any valid pulses. This timing resolution approaches the best obtained by analog nuclear electronics, without the corresponding complexities of analog optimization procedures. We further demonstrate the universality and efficacy of the machine learning approach by applying the method to the generation of secondary electron time-of-flight spectra following the implantation of energetic positrons on a sample.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42604237" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="75076816f393e92d98162f15589807ca" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62807236,"asset_id":42604237,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62807236/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="46324538" href="https://independent.academia.edu/rwgladen">Randall W Gladen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="46324538" type="text/json">{"id":46324538,"first_name":"Randall","last_name":"Gladen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"rwgladen","display_name":"Randall W Gladen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/rwgladen?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/46324538/28243754/26443075/s65_kizi.exking.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-42604237">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-42604237"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/VargheseAChirayath">Varghese A. Chirayath</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/AliKoymen">Ali Koymen</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-42604237'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-42604237').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42604237 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42604237"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42604237, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42604237", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42604237 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42604237; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42604237"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42604237 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42604237"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42604237; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42604237]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42604237").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42604237").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42604237"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation_Engineering">Instrumentation Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="53" type="text/json">{"id":53,"name":"Instrumentation Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation_Engineering?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="505" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics">Condensed Matter Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="505" type="text/json">{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2008" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning">Machine Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2008" type="text/json">{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42604237]'), work: {"id":42604237,"title":"Efficient Machine Learning Approach for Optimizing the Timing Resolution of a High Purity Germanium Detector","created_at":"2020-04-03T10:24:48.239-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42604237/Efficient_Machine_Learning_Approach_for_Optimizing_the_Timing_Resolution_of_a_High_Purity_Germanium_Detector?f_ri=19611","dom_id":"work_42604237","summary":"We describe here an efficient machine-learning based approach for the optimization of parameters used for extracting the arrival time of waveforms, in particular those generated by the detection of 511 keV annihilation γ-rays by a 60 cm 3 coaxial high purity germanium detector (HPGe). The method utilizes a type of artificial neural network (ANN) called a self-organizing map (SOM) to cluster the HPGe waveforms based on the shape of their rising edges. The optimal timing parameters for HPGe waveforms belonging to a particular cluster are found by minimizing the time difference between the HPGe signal and a signal produced by a BaF 2 scintillation detector. Applying these variable timing parameters to the HPGe signals achieved a γ-γ coincidence timing resolution of ~ 4.3 ns at the 511 keV photo peak (defined as 511 ± 50 keV) and a timing resolution of ~ 6.5 ns for the entire γ spectrum-without rejecting any valid pulses. This timing resolution approaches the best obtained by analog nuclear electronics, without the corresponding complexities of analog optimization procedures. We further demonstrate the universality and efficacy of the machine learning approach by applying the method to the generation of secondary electron time-of-flight spectra following the implantation of energetic positrons on a sample.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62807236,"asset_id":42604237,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":46324538,"first_name":"Randall","last_name":"Gladen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"rwgladen","display_name":"Randall W Gladen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/rwgladen?f_ri=19611","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/46324538/28243754/26443075/s65_kizi.exking.jpg"},{"id":153580468,"first_name":"Varghese A.","last_name":"Chirayath","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VargheseAChirayath","display_name":"Varghese A. Chirayath","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VargheseAChirayath?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":152672472,"first_name":"Ali","last_name":"Koymen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AliKoymen","display_name":"Ali Koymen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AliKoymen?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":53,"name":"Instrumentation Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instrumentation_Engineering?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine 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href="https://www.academia.edu/18303244/Comparison_of_the_X_ray_performance_of_small_pixel_CdTe_and_CZT_detectors">Comparison of the X-ray performance of small pixel CdTe and CZT detectors</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory has built a small pixel detector for spectroscopic measurements of high energy X-rays using CdTe and CdZnTe. The detector has an array of 20×20 pixels on a 250μm pitch with each pixel bonded to a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18303244" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Rutherford Appleton Laboratory has built a small pixel detector for spectroscopic measurements of high energy X-rays using CdTe and CdZnTe. The detector has an array of 20×20 pixels on a 250μm pitch with each pixel bonded to a separate channel on an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Each channel in the ASIC contains a charge preamplifier, leakage current compensation</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18303244" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9c66388aab6bcb308252a5277b71aee6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39983121,"asset_id":18303244,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39983121/download_file?st=MTczMjgyNzY4NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38284826" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AbcdEfgh122">Taha Sochi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38284826" type="text/json">{"id":38284826,"first_name":"Taha","last_name":"Sochi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AbcdEfgh122","display_name":"Taha Sochi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AbcdEfgh122?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-18303244">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-18303244"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/CYoud">C. 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Youd","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CYoud?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33008981,"first_name":"Bob","last_name":"Cernik","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"BobCernik","display_name":"Bob Cernik","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/BobCernik?f_ri=19611","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":19611,"name":"Detector Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Detector_Physics?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":35788,"name":"CdTe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CdTe?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":56001,"name":"X Rays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/X_Rays?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":121477,"name":"Leakage Current","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leakage_Current?f_ri=19611","nofollow":false},{"id":207488,"name":"Pixel Detector Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pixel_Detector_Design?f_ri=19611"},{"id":386527,"name":"X ray 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href="https://www.academia.edu/17487108/CMS_Physics_Technical_Design_Report_Addendum_on_High_Density_QCD_with_Heavy_Ions">CMS Physics Technical Design Report: Addendum on High Density QCD with Heavy Ions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17487108" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="af7f87b65aa017a10781d5f6ca7cb9bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41923216,"asset_id":17487108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button 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