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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Introduction to Mormonism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Introduction_to_Mormonism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_church_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_church_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Early church service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_church_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wives_and_children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wives_and_children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Wives and children</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wives_and_children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Migration_to_Utah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_offices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_offices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Political offices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_offices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Other activities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Activities_in_Idaho" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Activities_in_Idaho"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Activities in Idaho</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Activities_in_Idaho-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_Church_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_Church_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Later Church leadership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_Church_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Snow_in_the_U.S._Supreme_Court" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Snow_in_the_U.S._Supreme_Court"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Snow in the U.S. Supreme Court</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Snow_in_the_U.S._Supreme_Court-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Actions_as_church_president" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Actions_as_church_president"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Actions as church president</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Actions_as_church_president-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LDS_doctrine_and_teachings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LDS_doctrine_and_teachings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>LDS doctrine and teachings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LDS_doctrine_and_teachings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portrayal_in_film" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portrayal_in_film"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Portrayal in film</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portrayal_in_film-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul 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href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88" title="لورنزو سنوو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لورنزو سنوو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%83,_%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BE" title="Сноу, Лоренцо – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сноу, Лоренцо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Lorenzo Snow – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lorenzo Snow" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Лоренцо Сноу – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лоренцо Сноу" data-language-autonym="Українська" 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searchaux" style="display:none">American LDS Church leader (1814–1901)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Lorenzo+Snow%22">"Lorenzo Snow"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Lorenzo+Snow%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Lorenzo+Snow%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Lorenzo+Snow%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Lorenzo+Snow%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Lorenzo+Snow%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn">Lorenzo Snow</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Lorenzosnow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Lorenzosnow.jpg/220px-Lorenzosnow.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Lorenzosnow.jpg/330px-Lorenzosnow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Lorenzosnow.jpg/440px-Lorenzosnow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="577" data-file-height="861" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; line-height: normal; padding: 0.2em;">5th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Church_(LDS_Church)" title="President of the Church (LDS Church)">President</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">September 13, 1898<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1898-09-13</span>)</span> – October 10, 1901<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1901-10-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Wilford Woodruff</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">Joseph F. Smith</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; line-height: normal; padding: 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_(LDS_Church)" title="President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)">President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">April 7, 1889<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1889-04-07</span>)</span> – September 13, 1898<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1898-09-13</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data">Wilford Woodruff</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Richards_(Mormon_apostle)" title="Franklin D. Richards (Mormon apostle)">Franklin D. Richards</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">End reason</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Became President of the Church</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; line-height: normal; padding: 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_(LDS_Church)" title="Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)">Quorum of the Twelve Apostles</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">August 29, 1877<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1877-08-29</span>)</span> – September 13, 1898<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1898-09-13</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">End reason</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Became President of the Church</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; line-height: normal; padding: 0.2em;">Assistant Counselor in the <a href="/wiki/First_Presidency_(LDS_Church)" title="First Presidency (LDS Church)">First Presidency</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">May 9, 1874<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1874-05-09</span>)</span> – August 29, 1877<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1877-08-29</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Called by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young" title="Brigham Young">Brigham Young</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">End reason</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Dissolution of First Presidency upon death of Brigham Young</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; line-height: normal; padding: 0.2em;">Counselor in the First Presidency</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">June 8, 1873<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1873-06-08</span>)</span> – May 9, 1874<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1874-05-09</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Called by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Brigham Young</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">End reason</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Called as Assistant Counselor in the First Presidency</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; line-height: normal; padding: 0.2em;">Quorum of the Twelve Apostles</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">February 12, 1849<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1849-02-12</span>)</span> – June 8, 1873<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1873-06-08</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Called by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Brigham Young</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">End reason</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Called as Counselor in the First Presidency</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender; line-height: normal; padding: 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">LDS Church</a> <a href="/wiki/Apostle_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Apostle (Latter Day Saints)">Apostle</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">February 12, 1849<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1849-02-12</span>)</span> – October 10, 1901<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1901-10-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Called by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Brigham Young</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reason</th><td class="infobox-data">Reorganization of <a href="/wiki/First_Presidency_(LDS_Church)" title="First Presidency (LDS Church)">First Presidency</a>; excommunication of <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Wight" title="Lyman Wight">Lyman Wight</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reorganization<br /><span class="nowrap">at end of term</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hyrum_M._Smith" title="Hyrum M. Smith">Hyrum M. Smith</a> ordained</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: lavender;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1814-04-03</span>)</span>April 3, 1814<br /><a href="/wiki/Mantua_Township,_Portage_County,_Ohio" title="Mantua Township, Portage County, Ohio">Mantua, Ohio</a>, United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 10, 1901<span style="display:none">(1901-10-10)</span> (aged 87)<br /><a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a>, Utah, United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Resting place</span></th><td class="infobox-data label">Brigham City Cemetery<br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Lorenzo_Snow&params=41.5028_N_112.0078_W_type:landmark&title=Brigham+City+Cemetery"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°30′10″N</span> <span class="longitude">112°00′28″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.5028°N 112.0078°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.5028; -112.0078</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Brigham City Cemetery</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Charlotte Squires</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1844; died 1850)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Mary Adaline Goddard</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1845; died 1898)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Sarah Ann Prichard</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1845; died 1900)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Harriet Amelia Squires</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1846; died 1890)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Eleanor Houtz</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1848; died 1896)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Caroline Horton</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1853; died 1857)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Mary Elizabeth Houtz</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1857)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Phoebe Amelia Woodruff</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1859)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Sarah Minnie Ephramina Jensen</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1871)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">42</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lorenzo_Snow_signature.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Signature of Lorenzo Snow" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Lorenzo_Snow_signature.jpg/175px-Lorenzo_Snow_signature.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Lorenzo_Snow_signature.jpg/263px-Lorenzo_Snow_signature.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Lorenzo_Snow_signature.jpg 2x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="75" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 0 #aaaaaa; text-align:left"><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks noprint navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/16px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/24px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/31px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a>  <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg/16px-Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg/24px-Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg/32px-Christus_statue_temple_square_salt_lake_city.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Portal:Latter Day Saint movement">LDS movement portal</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lorenzo Snow</b> (April 3, 1814 – October 10, 1901) was an American religious leader who served as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="List of presidents of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">fifth president</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> (LDS Church) from 1898 until his death. Snow was the last president of the LDS Church in the 19th century and the first in the 20th. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snow was the fifth child and first son of Oliver Snow (September 18, 1775, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> – October 17, 1845, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>) and Rosetta L. Pettibone (October 22, 1778, <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> – October 12, 1846, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>), residents of <a href="/wiki/Mantua_Township,_Portage_County,_Ohio" title="Mantua Township, Portage County, Ohio">Mantua Township</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>, who had left <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a> to settle on a new and fertile farm in the <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Western_Reserve" title="Connecticut Western Reserve">Connecticut Western Reserve</a>. Lorenzo had siblings Leonora Abigail Snow (1801–1872), <a href="/wiki/Eliza_R._Snow" title="Eliza R. Snow">Eliza R. Snow</a> (1804–1887), Percy Amanda Snow (1808–1848), Melissa Snow (1810–1835), Lucius Augustus Snow (born 1819), and Samuel Pearce Snow (born 1821). </p><p>Despite the labor required on the farm, the Snow family valued learning and saw that each child had educational opportunities. Snow received his final year of education at <a href="/wiki/Oberlin_College" title="Oberlin College">Oberlin College</a>, which was founded by two <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a> ministers. Snow later made his living as a school teacher when not engaged in church service. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Introduction_to_Mormonism">Introduction to Mormonism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Introduction to Mormonism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Snow_House_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Snow_House_2.jpg/220px-Snow_House_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Snow_House_2.jpg/330px-Snow_House_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Snow_House_2.jpg/440px-Snow_House_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption>The Snow home in <a href="/wiki/Mantua_Township,_Portage_County,_Ohio" title="Mantua Township, Portage County, Ohio">Mantua, Ohio</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1831, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a>, founder of the <a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint movement</a>, took up residence in <a href="/wiki/Hiram_Township,_Portage_County,_Ohio" title="Hiram Township, Portage County, Ohio">Hiram, Ohio</a>, 4 miles (6.4 km) from the Snow farm. The Snow family was <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a>, but soon took a strong interest in the new religious movement. Snow recorded that he heard the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Mormon" title="Book of Mormon">Book of Mormon</a> being read aloud in his home in Mantua and met Smith at Hiram in 1831. By 1835, Snow's mother and his older sister, Eliza, had joined the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Christ_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints)">Latter Day Saint church</a>. Eliza soon moved to the church headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Kirtland,_Ohio" title="Kirtland, Ohio">Kirtland, Ohio</a>, and worked as a school teacher. In her biography of Snow, Eliza stated she fostered his interest in <a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a> while he was at Oberlin. Eliza invited Snow to visit her and attend a school of <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> newly established by the church. During his visit there, in June 1836, Snow was <a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">baptized</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_F._Boynton" title="John F. Boynton">John F. Boynton</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/Quorum_of_the_Twelve" title="Quorum of the Twelve">Quorum of the Twelve</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_church_service">Early church service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early church service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Special:EditPage/Lorenzo Snow">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>While living in Kirtland in 1837, Snow was called to serve a short <a href="/wiki/Mormon_missionary" title="Mormon missionary">mission</a> in Ohio, traveling "without purse or scrip." He recorded that relying on the kindness of others for his meals and lodging was difficult for him, as he had always had sufficient means to care for himself. When he returned to Kirtland in 1838, Snow found Smith's followers in turmoil over the failure of the <a href="/wiki/Kirtland_Safety_Society" title="Kirtland Safety Society">Kirtland Safety Society</a>. Snow and the members of his extended family chose to move to <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a> in the summer of 1838 and join the Latter Day Saints settling near <a href="/wiki/Far_West,_Missouri" title="Far West, Missouri">Far West</a>. Snow became seriously ill with a fever, and was nursed for several weeks by his sister, Eliza. </p><p>Following his recovery, Snow left for a second mission to <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> in the fall of 1838. He served there through February 1839, when he learned that the Latter Day Saints had been expelled from their settlements in Missouri. He traveled home by way of his former mission area in Ohio. He was again taken ill and was cared for by church members. He remained in Ohio, preaching and working with church members until the fall of 1839. During the school year of 1839–40, Snow taught in <a href="/wiki/Shalersville_Township,_Portage_County,_Ohio" title="Shalersville Township, Portage County, Ohio">Shalersville, Ohio</a>. He sent money to his family, which had by then settled in <a href="/wiki/Nauvoo,_Illinois" title="Nauvoo, Illinois">Nauvoo, Illinois</a>; he joined them in May 1840. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lorenzo_Snow_at_age_38.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Lorenzo_Snow_at_age_38.png/200px-Lorenzo_Snow_at_age_38.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Lorenzo_Snow_at_age_38.png/300px-Lorenzo_Snow_at_age_38.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Lorenzo_Snow_at_age_38.png/400px-Lorenzo_Snow_at_age_38.png 2x" data-file-width="1131" data-file-height="1321" /></a><figcaption>Lorenzo Snow at age 38</figcaption></figure> <p>Shortly after he arrived in Nauvoo, Snow was <a href="/wiki/Calling_(LDS_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Calling (LDS Church)">called</a> to serve as a missionary in England. After an unpleasant sea voyage from <a href="/wiki/New_York_City,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City, New York">New York City</a>, Snow met with some members of the Quorum of the Twelve who had opened the British <a href="/wiki/Mission_(LDS_Church)" title="Mission (LDS Church)">Mission</a> in 1839, including <a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young" title="Brigham Young">Brigham Young</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heber_C._Kimball" title="Heber C. Kimball">Heber C. Kimball</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Parley_P._Pratt" title="Parley P. Pratt">Parley P. Pratt</a>. Snow worked briefly in the <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> area, and had success in <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, where he baptized people in Greet's Green and organized a branch in Wolverhampton. Snow was assigned to preside over church members in <a href="/wiki/London,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="London, England">London</a>. During his administration, church membership in the city increased from approximately 100 to 400 members. He was released from his mission by Pratt, who by then was <a href="/wiki/Mission_president" title="Mission president">president</a> of an expanding European Mission. Snow arrived home on April 12, 1843, and was accompanied by a shipload of 250 British converts. </p><p>After visiting with his family, Snow again secured a teaching position for the winter, teaching at <a href="/wiki/Lima,_Illinois" title="Lima, Illinois">Lima, Illinois</a>, thirty miles from Nauvoo. In late spring 1844, he returned to Ohio, preaching and baptizing new converts and distributing recent church publications to members. He was working in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a> when he learned of the <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Joseph_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Joseph Smith">death of the Smiths</a>. Snow closed his Ohio mission and promptly returned to Nauvoo. </p><p>During the period of <a href="/wiki/Succession_crisis_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Succession crisis (Latter Day Saints)">disorganization and schism</a> that followed Smith's death, Snow chose to follow the <a href="/wiki/Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_(LDS_Church)" title="Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)">Quorum of the Twelve</a>, under Young's direction. In 1845, Snow was involved in work in the <a href="/wiki/Nauvoo_Temple" title="Nauvoo Temple">Nauvoo Temple</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wives_and_children">Wives and children</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Wives and children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Lorenzo_Snow" title="Special:EditPage/Lorenzo Snow">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Before leaving Nauvoo, Snow accepted the principle of <a href="/wiki/Plural_marriage" class="mw-redirect" title="Plural marriage">plural marriage</a> and took two wives. Later, he took seven more. </p> <ul><li>Mary Adaline Goddard (8 March 1812 <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> – 28 December 1898). Married 1845. <ul><li>Rosetta Adaline Snow (7 November 1846 – 1 January 1933)</li> <li>Oliver Goddard Snow (20 February 1849 – 13 August 1931)</li> <li>Isadore Percy Snow (24 February 1855 – 1 May 1925)</li></ul></li> <li>Sarah Ann Pritchard (29 November 1826 <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> – 30 November 1900). Married 21 April 1845.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Eliza Sarah Snow (30 November 1847 – 5 October 1937)</li> <li>Sylvia Snow (16 January 1850 – 2 January 1934)</li> <li>Lorenzo Snow, Jr. (7 July 1853 – 26 August 1942)</li> <li>Parinthia Snow (5 October 1855 – 23 November 1933)</li> <li>Laurin Alvirus Erastus Snow (2 December 1863 – 22 April 1947)</li></ul></li> <li>Charlotte Merrill Squires (19 November 1825 <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> – 25 September 1850). Married 17 January 1846. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Leonora Charlotte Snow (23 January 1847 – June 1847)</li> <li>Roxcy Armatha Snow (14 December 1849 – 9 July 1931)</li></ul></li> <li>Harriet Amelia Squires (13 September 1819 <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> – 12 May 1890). Married 17 January 1846. <ul><li>Abigail Harriet Snow (16 July 1847 – 9 May 1914)</li> <li>Lucius Aaron Snow (11 December 1849 – 3 October 1921)</li> <li>Amelia Herrietta Snow (15 February 1854 – 30 October 1854)</li> <li>Alonzo Henry Snow (15 February 1854 – 1 November 1854)</li> <li>Celestia Armeda Snow (2 December 1856 – 13 March 1938)</li></ul></li> <li>Eleanor Houtz (14 August 1832 <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> – 13 September 1896). Married 1 June 1848.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Amanda Eleanor Snow (19 April 1850 – 21 October 1850)</li> <li>Ida Snow (2 January 1854 – 15 January 1923)</li> <li>Eugenia Snow (5 July 1856 – 13 January 1946)<sup id="cite_ref-Artist_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Artist-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Alphonzo Houtz Snow (13 October 1858 – 22 February 1933)</li> <li>Susan Imogene Snow (4 May 1861 – 16 October 1864)</li> <li>Roxcy Lana Snow (22 October 1863 – 17 July 1951)</li> <li>Hortensia Snow (17 July 1867 – 17 January 1931)</li> <li>Chauncey Edgar Snow (8 July 1870 – 1 February 1940)</li></ul></li> <li>Caroline Horton (25 December 1828 England – 21 February 1857). Married 9 October 1853. <ul><li>Clarissa Caroline Snow (19 July 1854 – 15 October 1917)</li> <li>Franklin Horton Snow (3 February 1857 – 2 January 1939)</li> <li>Sarah Augusta Snow (3 February 1857 – 17 February 1857)</li></ul></li> <li>Mary Elizabeth Houtz (19 May 1840 <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> – 31 May 1906). Married 1857. <ul><li>Lydia May Snow (21 Jan 1860 – 22 December 1898)</li> <li>Jacob E. Fitzroy Snow (31 October 1862 – 2 December 1862)</li> <li>Virginia Marian Snow (30 January 1864 – 30 March 1951)</li> <li>Mansfield Lorenzo Snow (8 September 1866 – 26 October 1923)</li> <li>Mortimer Joseph Snow (19 November 1868 – 20 June 1935)</li> <li>Flora Bell Birdie Snow (19 July 1871 – 23 February 1950)</li></ul></li> <li>Phoebe Amelia Woodruff (4 March 1842 <a href="/wiki/Nauvoo,_Illinois" title="Nauvoo, Illinois">Nauvoo, Illinois</a> – 15 February 1919). Married 4 April 1859. Phoebe was the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Wilford Woodruff</a>. <ul><li>Mary Amanda Snow (4 September 1860 – 6 September 1860)</li> <li>Leslie Woodruff Snow (6 February 1862 – 28 November 1935)</li> <li>Orion Woodruff Snow (6 September 1866 – 7 March 1939)</li> <li>Milton Woodruff Snow (7 February 1868 – 24 January 1943)</li> <li>Phoebe Augusta Florence Snow (7 August 1870 – 6 February 1964)</li></ul></li> <li>Sarah Minnie Ephramina Jensen (10 October 1855 <a href="/wiki/Brigham_City,_Utah" title="Brigham City, Utah">Brigham City, Utah</a> - 2 January 1908). Married 12 June 1871. <ul><li>Le Roi Clarence Snow (28 August 1876 – 31 December 1962)</li> <li>Minnie Mabelle Snow (23 May 1879 – 3 December 1962)</li> <li>Cora Jean Snow (16 February 1883 – 11 August 1883)</li> <li>Lorenzo Lamont Snow (26 August 1885 – 7 May 1954)</li> <li>Rhea Lucile Snow (5 November 1896 – 9 July 1976)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Migration_to_Utah">Migration to Utah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Migration to Utah"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snow and his family, with wagons and livestock, joined a group of emigrants and moved across the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a> into <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a> in February 1846. On the way west, Snow again became ill and the family stopped at <a href="/wiki/Mount_Pisgah_(Iowa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Pisgah (Iowa)">Mt. Pisgah, Iowa</a>. Three Snow children were born at the Mormon refugee settlement, but none of them survived. Snow was called to preside over the church organization in Mt. Pisgah and actively raised money to assist the bands of emigrants in their move west. The Snow family arrived in the <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_Valley" title="Salt Lake Valley">Salt Lake Valley</a> in 1848. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Call_to_the_Twelve_and_missions_abroad">Call to the Twelve and missions abroad</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Call to the Twelve and missions abroad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1849, Snow was called to the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, the same day as <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Richards_(Mormon_apostle)" title="Franklin D. Richards (Mormon apostle)">Franklin D. Richards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erastus_Snow" title="Erastus Snow">Erastus Snow</a> (a distant cousin), and <a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Rich" title="Charles C. Rich">Charles C. Rich</a>. They were called to fill vacancies caused by the re-establishment of the <a href="/wiki/First_Presidency_(LDS_Church)" title="First Presidency (LDS Church)">First Presidency</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lyman_Wight" title="Lyman Wight">Lyman Wight</a>'s excommunication. </p><p>Shortly after his call to the Twelve, Snow left on a mission to Italy and <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French-speaking</a> <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>. He later sent missionaries under his direction to <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> (1849–52). Snow was directly involved in missionary work in Italy and Switzerland, and also preached in <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>. He had planned to visit India, but various circumstances prevented this journey. </p><p>Snow began his mission in Italy among the <a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensians</a>, an ancient sect of Christians who inhabited the <a href="/wiki/Piedmont" title="Piedmont">Piedmont</a> Valleys in the Alps. (Waldensianism <a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestantism" title="Proto-Protestantism">predates the Reformation</a> by several hundred years and is completely separate from <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a>.) Snow and his companions, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Toronto" title="Joseph Toronto">Joseph Toronto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Stenhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Stenhouse">Thomas Stenhouse</a>, and Jabez Woodard, initially had very little success in converting the Waldensians to Mormonism. However, after healing a three-year-old boy named Joseph Gay, they began to find converts. In the end, more than 150 Waldensians converted to Mormonism, and 70 eventually emigrated to Utah.<sup id="cite_ref-Mormon_Historic_Sites_Foundation_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mormon_Historic_Sites_Foundation-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Maxwell_Institute_For_Religious_Scholarship_BYU_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maxwell_Institute_For_Religious_Scholarship_BYU-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Christianity_Today_Library_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christianity_Today_Library-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1850, Snow wrote a pamphlet entitled "The Voice of Joseph" to advance missionary work in the Italian mission. He was unable to find anyone in Italy to translate it so sent it to <a href="/wiki/Orson_Pratt" title="Orson Pratt">Orson Pratt</a>, then president of the British Mission, who found a translator in Paris. In 1851, Snow published a pamphlet entitled "The Italian Mission"<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> about the church's missionary efforts in Italy. It was published in London. </p><p>In January 1851, Snow went to England and found a person there whom he hired to translate the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Mormon" title="Book of Mormon">Book of Mormon</a> into Italian.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The efforts of missionaries under Snow, especially those he sent to <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>, inspired an article attacking the Mormon missionaries for undermining the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a> in the Turinese paper, <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Armonia" title="L'Armonia">L'Armonia</a></i>. Snow and his successors were unsuccessful, winning fewer than 200 converts, all of whom had either emigrated or were excommunicated by the time the mission closed in 1867, in no small part because of Italian laws that circumscribed publication of non-Catholic religious materials.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activities_in_Utah">Activities in Utah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Activities in Utah"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On his return to <a href="/wiki/Utah_Territory" title="Utah Territory">Utah Territory</a>, Snow founded a society called the Polysophical Society to conduct study into the various aspects of human knowledge. He encouraged church members of all ages to join and some view this organization as a predecessor of the church's <a href="/wiki/Young_Men%27s_Mutual_Improvement_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association">Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association</a>. </p><p>In 1853, under the direction of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Church_(LDS_Church)" title="President of the Church (LDS Church)">church president</a> Brigham Young, Snow brought additional settlers to <a href="/wiki/Brigham_City,_Utah" title="Brigham City, Utah">Brigham City, Utah</a>. Settlement had begun on a limited scale at this site under the name "Box Elder." Snow changed the name and moved the community towards living up to its name. He was also a key backer of the Brigham City Cooperative, which was the inspiration for <a href="/wiki/ZCMI" title="ZCMI">ZCMI</a> and other cooperatives. From this point and for several more years, Snow was both the community and ecclesiastical leader over Brigham City.<sup id="cite_ref-BYU_review_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BYU_review-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1864, Snow was sent on a mission to the <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Islands" title="Hawaiian Islands">Sandwich Islands</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Ezra_T._Benson" title="Ezra T. Benson">Ezra T. Benson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">Joseph F. Smith</a>. The mission was prompted by messages from <a href="/wiki/Jonatana_Napela" title="Jonatana Napela">Jonatana Napela</a> and other Hawaiian church members about the irregular administration of the church by <a href="/wiki/Walter_M._Gibson" title="Walter M. Gibson">Walter M. Gibson</a>. While in Hawaii, Snow was seriously injured but was healed through the ministration of holders of the <a href="/wiki/Priesthood_(LDS_Church)" title="Priesthood (LDS Church)">priesthood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1871 Snow went on a trip to the Holy Land with <a href="/wiki/George_A._Smith" title="George A. Smith">George A. Smith</a> and several other church leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-BYU_review_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BYU_review-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Snow tacitly helped engineer the 1901 election of his friend, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kearns" title="Thomas Kearns">Thomas Kearns</a>, a wealthy Utah Catholic, to the United States Senate. Though this was criticized, both at the time and subsequently, the election of a non-Mormon may have helped Utah retain its statehood,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and contributed to a detente between the LDS Church and the non-Mormon journal, the <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt Lake Tribune">Salt Lake Tribune</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_offices">Political offices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Political offices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snow was first elected to the Utah Territorial Council, the upper house of the <a href="/wiki/Utah_Territorial_Legislative_Assembly" title="Utah Territorial Legislative Assembly">territorial legislature</a>, in 1855. Originally, he represented <a href="/wiki/Weber_County,_Utah" title="Weber County, Utah">Weber County</a>, along with <a href="/wiki/Lorin_Farr" title="Lorin Farr">Lorin Farr</a>. At that point, Weber County encompassed all of Utah north of <a href="/wiki/Davis_County,_Utah" title="Davis County, Utah">Davis County</a>. By 1857, <a href="/wiki/Box_Elder_County,_Utah" title="Box Elder County, Utah">Box Elder County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cache_County,_Utah" title="Cache County, Utah">Cache County</a> and the short-lived Malad County were added to the area Snow and Farr represented. In 1863, Weber and Box Elder Counties were broken off from Cache County (Malad County was by then defunct) and made a single-representative district, with Snow remaining as their lone council member. (Ezra T. Benson had replaced Farr in 1861; he was a resident of Cache County and remained the other representative after the district was split.) </p><p>In 1872, Snow became the president of the council. He held this position through the end of 1881. While president of the council, Snow had contact with a political delegation from Japan that visited Utah and influenced his later decision to send missionaries to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1882, Snow remained a member of the council but was succeeded as its president by Joseph F. Smith. In 1884, Snow was succeeded as a member of the council by <a href="/wiki/Franklin_S._Richards" title="Franklin S. Richards">Franklin S. Richards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_activities">Other activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Other activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Arrested and confined for unlawful <a href="/wiki/Cohabitation" title="Cohabitation">cohabitation</a> (1885–86) (Snow was pardoned in 1894 by U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a>.)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_(LDS_Church)" title="President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)">President of the Quorum of Twelve Apostles</a> (1889–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_president" title="Temple president">President</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_Temple" title="Salt Lake Temple">Salt Lake Temple</a> (1893–98). When he became the church's president, Snow was succeeded as temple president by Joseph F. Smith.</li> <li>Between April 1901 and his death, Snow served as the general superintendent of the church's <a href="/wiki/Sunday_School_(LDS_Church)" title="Sunday School (LDS Church)">Sunday School</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activities_in_Idaho">Activities in Idaho</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Activities in Idaho"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the church expanded into the surrounding states, members of the Quorum of the Twelve would be sent to other states of assignment. </p><p>In 1888, Snow went to <a href="/wiki/Rexburg,_Idaho" title="Rexburg, Idaho">Rexburg, Idaho</a>, where he told the leaders of the <a href="/wiki/Stake_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Stake (Latter Day Saints)">stake</a> that <a href="/wiki/Karl_G._Maeser" title="Karl G. Maeser">Karl G. Maeser</a> had been appointed <a href="/wiki/Church_Educational_System" title="Church Educational System">Commissioner of Church Education</a> and recommended that they form a stake academy. The local leaders followed Snow's instructions and the institution they formed eventually evolved into <a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_University%E2%80%93Idaho" title="Brigham Young University–Idaho">Brigham Young University–Idaho</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> formerly known as <a href="/wiki/Ricks_College#Ricks_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Ricks College">Ricks College</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_Church_leadership">Later Church leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Later Church leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snow became <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_(LDS_Church)" title="President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)">president</a> of the Quorum of the Twelve in 1889. In 1893, he became the first president of the <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_Temple" title="Salt Lake Temple">Salt Lake Temple</a>, a position he held until his death.<sup id="cite_ref-BYU_review_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BYU_review-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a tradition that shortly after Snow's death some of his relatives burned a trunk full of documents including some of his journals and other records, which means historians have less direct insight on Snow and his thoughts than some would like.<sup id="cite_ref-BYU_review_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BYU_review-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As president of the Quorum of the Twelve, Snow managed to bring a group of men who were often at odds over politics, especially at a time when the church had decided to proactively embrace a two party system, and through his peace making skills make them into a unified quorum.<sup id="cite_ref-BYU_review_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BYU_review-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Wilford Woodruff issued his <a href="/wiki/1890_Manifesto" title="1890 Manifesto">Manifesto of September, 1890</a> announcing that the church would not sanction additional plural marriages, it was Snow who offered the motion at the October 6th General Conference that the members of the church accept the Manifesto as authoritative and binding.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Snow_in_the_U.S._Supreme_Court">Snow in the U.S. Supreme Court</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Snow in the U.S. Supreme Court"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snow was the subject of a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Supreme Court">United States Supreme Court</a> case regarding <a href="/wiki/Polygamy" title="Polygamy">polygamy</a> prosecutions under the <a href="/wiki/Edmunds_Act" title="Edmunds Act">Edmunds Act</a>. In late 1885, Snow was indicted by a federal grand jury for three counts of unlawful cohabitation. According to his indictments, Snow had lived with more than one woman for three years. The jury delivered one indictment for each of these years, and Snow was convicted on each count. After conviction, he filed a petition for <a href="/wiki/Habeas_corpus_in_the_United_States" title="Habeas corpus in the United States">writ of habeas corpus</a> in the federal district court which convicted him. The petition was denied, but federal law guaranteed him an appeal to the United States Supreme Court. In <i>Ex Parte Snow</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Supreme Court invalidated Snow's second and third convictions for unlawful cohabitation. It found that unlawful cohabitation was a "continuing offense," and thus that Snow was at most guilty of one such offense for cohabiting continuously with more than one woman for three years. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Actions_as_church_president">Actions as church president</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Actions as church president"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lorenzo_Snow_Funeral.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lorenzo_Snow_Funeral.png/350px-Lorenzo_Snow_Funeral.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lorenzo_Snow_Funeral.png/525px-Lorenzo_Snow_Funeral.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Lorenzo_Snow_Funeral.png/700px-Lorenzo_Snow_Funeral.png 2x" data-file-width="1049" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Lorenzo Snow funeral</figcaption></figure> <p>As President of the Quorum of Twelve Apostles, Snow became the church's presiding officer when its president, <a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Wilford Woodruff</a>, died. One of the first things he did was to reorganize the First Presidency almost immediately after Woodruff's death, rather than waiting years as his predecessors had. </p><p>As he began his tenure as church president, Snow had to deal with the aftermath of legal battles with the United States over the practice of plural marriage. Men engaging in plural marriage were still being arrested and confined in Utah. Some members of the LDS Church did not accept the <a href="/wiki/1890_Manifesto" title="1890 Manifesto">1890 Manifesto</a> put forth by Woodruff, and there was a strong division of opinion on plural marriage even in the priesthood hierarchy of the church. </p><p>The LDS Church was also in severe financial difficulties, some of which were related to the legal problems over plural marriage. Snow approached this problem first by issuing short term bonds with a total value of one million dollars. This was followed by emphatic teaching on <a href="/wiki/Tithe" title="Tithe">tithing</a>. It was during Snow's presidency that the LDS Church adopted the principle of tithing—being interpreted as the payment of 10 percent of one's income—as a hallmark of membership. </p><p>In 1899, Snow gave an address at the <a href="/wiki/St._George_Tabernacle" title="St. George Tabernacle">tabernacle</a> in <a href="/wiki/St._George,_Utah" title="St. George, Utah">St. George</a>, imploring the Latter-day Saints to pay tithes of corn, money, or whatever they had.<sup id="cite_ref-TPC12_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPC12-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eventually, it rained in southern Utah.<sup id="cite_ref-TPC12_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPC12-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the remainder of his tenure, Snow emphasized tithing in his sermons and public appearances.<sup id="cite_ref-TPC12_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPC12-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By April 1907, the practice of its members paying tithing had eliminated the church's debt.<sup id="cite_ref-TPC12_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPC12-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On March 31, 1900, Snow and his counselors in the First Presidency, changed the policy of presidential succession.<sup id="cite_ref-policychange_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-policychange-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the then-existing rules of presidential succession in the church, <a href="/wiki/John_Willard_Young" title="John Willard Young">John Willard Young</a> would have become church president when Snow died, as Snow was the only living person who had been ordained an apostle prior to Young.<sup id="cite_ref-succession_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-succession-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Snow was 85 years old and in poor health, so it appeared to many that Young would be the next president of the church. However, many of the <a href="/wiki/General_authorities" class="mw-redirect" title="General authorities">general authorities</a> felt that Young's succession to the presidency would be a disaster for the church.<sup id="cite_ref-succession_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-succession-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the new policy, the new president of the church would no longer be the person who had been an ordained apostle the longest; rather, the new president of the church would be the person who had been a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles for the longest period of time.<sup id="cite_ref-policychange_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-policychange-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since Young had never been a member of the Quorum of the Twelve, he could not become the president of the church if Snow died. On April 5, 1900, the First Presidency and the Quorum of the Twelve unanimously approved the new policy.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Snow died of pneumonia in <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a> at age 87, and was succeeded as church president by Joseph F. Smith. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="LDS_doctrine_and_teachings">LDS doctrine and teachings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: LDS doctrine and teachings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Snow is credited with succinctly summarizing the Latter-day Saint doctrines of <a href="/wiki/Exaltation_(Mormonism)" title="Exaltation (Mormonism)">exaltation</a> and eternal progression, in his often repeated couplet: "As man now is, God once was: As God now is, man may be."<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Snow's <a href="/wiki/Teachings_of_Presidents_of_the_Church" title="Teachings of Presidents of the Church">teachings as an apostle</a> were the 2013 course of study in the LDS Church's <a href="/wiki/Relief_Society" title="Relief Society">Relief Society</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melchizedek_priesthood_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Melchizedek priesthood (Latter Day Saints)">Melchizedek priesthood</a> classes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Portrayal_in_film">Portrayal in film</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Portrayal in film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The role of Snow was played by <a href="/wiki/Francis_L._Urry" title="Francis L. Urry">Francis L. Urry</a> in the LDS Church-made film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Windows_of_Heaven_(film)" title="The Windows of Heaven (film)">The Windows of Heaven</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Snow, <a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Rich" title="Charles C. Rich">Charles C. Rich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erastus_Snow" title="Erastus Snow">Erastus Snow</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Richards_(Mormon_apostle)" title="Franklin D. Richards (Mormon apostle)">Franklin D. Richards</a> were ordained on the same day to fill four vacancies in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/KWJC-L7N">"Sarah Ann Pritchard"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/FamilySearch" title="FamilySearch">FamilySearch</a></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sarah+Ann+Pritchard&rft.btitle=FamilySearch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fancestors.familysearch.org%2Fen%2FKWJC-L7N&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/KWV6-82D">"Charlotte Merrill Squires"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/FamilySearch" title="FamilySearch">FamilySearch</a></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Charlotte+Merrill+Squires&rft.btitle=FamilySearch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fancestors.familysearch.org%2Fen%2FKWV6-82D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/K663-P4B">"Eleanor Houtz"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/FamilySearch" title="FamilySearch">FamilySearch</a></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Eleanor+Houtz&rft.btitle=FamilySearch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fancestors.familysearch.org%2Fen%2FK663-P4B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Artist-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Artist_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bedfordfineartgallery.com/eugenia_williams_snow.html">Artwork by Eugenia Williams Snow</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mormon_Historic_Sites_Foundation-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mormon_Historic_Sites_Foundation_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120225123903/http://www.mormonhistoricsitesfoundation.org/publications/studies_fall2000/mhs1.2HomerFall2000.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mormonhistoricsitesfoundation.org/publications/studies_fall2000/mhs1.2HomerFall2000.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2012-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-12-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mormonhistoricsitesfoundation.org%2Fpublications%2Fstudies_fall2000%2Fmhs1.2HomerFall2000.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maxwell_Institute_For_Religious_Scholarship_BYU-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Maxwell_Institute_For_Religious_Scholarship_BYU_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHomer2002" class="citation journal cs1">Homer, Michael W. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jbms/vol11/iss1/8/">"<i>Il Libro di Mormon</i>: Anticipating Growth Beyond Italy's Waldensian Valleys"</a>. <i>Journal of Book of Mormon Studies</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 40–44. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5406%2Fjbookmormstud.11.1.0040">10.5406/jbookmormstud.11.1.0040</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2374-4766">2374-4766</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:193621954">193621954</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Book+of+Mormon+Studies&rft.atitle=Il+Libro+di+Mormon%3A+Anticipating+Growth+Beyond+Italy%27s+Waldensian+Valleys&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=40-44&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A193621954%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=2374-4766&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5406%2Fjbookmormstud.11.1.0040&rft.aulast=Homer&rft.aufirst=Michael+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarsarchive.byu.edu%2Fjbms%2Fvol11%2Fiss1%2F8%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiane1985" class="citation thesis cs1">Diane, Stokoe (1 January 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5144/"><i>The Mormon Waldensians</i></a> (MA thesis). Brigham Young University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+Mormon+Waldensians&rft.inst=Brigham+Young+University&rft.date=1985-01-01&rft.aulast=Diane&rft.aufirst=Stokoe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarsarchive.byu.edu%2Fetd%2F5144%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Christianity_Today_Library-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Christianity_Today_Library_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131021173842/http://www.ctlibrary.com/ch/1989/issue22/2232.html">"To A Home in the Land of the Free"</a>. <i>Ctlibrary.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ctlibrary.com/ch/1989/issue22/2232.html">the original</a> on 21 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ctlibrary.com&rft.atitle=To+A+Home+in+the+Land+of+the+Free&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctlibrary.com%2Fch%2F1989%2Fissue22%2F2232.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorenzo_Snow" class="citation web cs1">Lorenzo Snow. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bellasion.org/PDF/TheItalianMission.pdf">"The Italian Mission"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bellasion.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bellasion.org&rft.atitle=The+Italian+Mission&rft.au=Lorenzo+Snow&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bellasion.org%2FPDF%2FTheItalianMission.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://farms.byu.edu/display.php?id=287&table=jbms">Il Libro di Mormon: Anticipating Growth Beyond Italy's Waldensian Valleys - Maxwell Institute JBMS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070807165904/http://farms.byu.edu/display.php?table=jbms&id=287">Archived</a> 2007-08-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHomer1996" class="citation journal cs1">Homer, Michael W. (Spring 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dialoguejournal.com/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/Dialogue_V29N01_145.pdf">"LDS Prospects in Italy for the Twenty-first Century"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Dialogue</i>. <b>29</b> (1): 139–158.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dialogue&rft.atitle=LDS+Prospects+in+Italy+for+the+Twenty-first+Century&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=139-158&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Homer&rft.aufirst=Michael+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dialoguejournal.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsbi%2Farticles%2FDialogue_V29N01_145.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span>, esp. fn 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BYU_review-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BYU_review_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BYU_review_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BYU_review_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BYU_review_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BYU_review_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/BYU_Studies" title="BYU Studies">BYU Studies</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://byustudies.byu.edu/article/latter-leaves-in-the-life-of-lorenzo-snow/">review of Dennis B. Horne <i>Latter Leaves of in the Life of Lorenzo Snow</i></a> written by <a href="/wiki/William_G._Hartley" title="William G. Hartley">William G. Hartley</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Biography and Family Record of Lorenzo Snow.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (November 2014)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Malmquist, O.N. (1971) <i>The First 100 Years of the Salt Lake Tribune.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See also entry in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historytogo.utah.gov/people/thomaskearns.html">Utah History Encyclopedia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180420073803/https://historytogo.utah.gov/people/thomaskearns.html">Archived</a> 2018-04-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaulos2011" class="citation journal cs1">Paulos, Michael Harold (Fall 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1067&context=mormonhistory">"Opposing the "High Ecclesiasts at Washington": Frank J. Cannon's Editorial Fusillades during the Reed Smoot Hearings, 1903–07"</a>. <i>Journal of Mormon History</i>. <b>37</b> (4): 1–59. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F23292603">10.2307/23292603</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23292603">23292603</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254484283">254484283</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Mormon+History&rft.atitle=Opposing+the+%22High+Ecclesiasts+at+Washington%22%3A+Frank+J.+Cannon%27s+Editorial+Fusillades+during+the+Reed+Smoot+Hearings%2C+1903%E2%80%9307&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1-59&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254484283%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23292603%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F23292603&rft.aulast=Paulos&rft.aufirst=Michael+Harold&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.usu.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1067%26context%3Dmormonhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reid L. Neulson and Van C. Gessel. <i>Tak8ng the Gospel to the Japanese</i>. Provo: Brigham Young University Press, 2006. p. 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archives.state.ut.us/research/guides/legassembly21-31.htm">"Twenty-First through Thirty-First Sessions"</a>. <i>Archives.state.ut.us</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Archives.state.ut.us&rft.atitle=Twenty-First+through+Thirty-First+Sessions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.state.ut.us%2Fresearch%2Fguides%2Flegassembly21-31.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20141021205254/http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=70911">"Grover Cleveland: Proclamation 369 - Granting Amnesty and Pardon for the Offenses of Polygamy, Bigamy, Adultery, or Unlawful Cohabitation to Members of the Church of Latter-Day Saints"</a>. Archived from the original on 2014-10-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grover+Cleveland%3A+Proclamation+369+-+Granting+Amnesty+and+Pardon+for+the+Offenses+of+Polygamy%2C+Bigamy%2C+Adultery%2C+or+Unlawful+Cohabitation+to+Members+of+the+Church+of+Latter-Day+Saints&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.presidency.ucsb.edu%2Fws%2F%3Fpid%3D70911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180926083545/http://www2.byui.edu/PR/thespiritofricks/ch1.htm">"Public Relations Office – BYU–Idaho"</a>. <i>Byui.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.byui.edu/pr/thespiritofricks/ch1.htm">the original</a> on 26 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Byui.edu&rft.atitle=Public+Relations+Office+%E2%80%93+BYU%E2%80%93Idaho&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.byui.edu%2Fpr%2Fthespiritofricks%2Fch1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyman1994" class="citation cs2">Lyman, Edward Leo (1994), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230530204027/https://www.uen.org/utah_history_encyclopedia/m/MANIFESTO_PLURAL_MARRIAGE.shtml">"Manifesto (Plural Marriage)"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uen.org/utah_history_encyclopedia/"><i>Utah History Encyclopedia</i></a>, University of Utah Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780874804256" title="Special:BookSources/9780874804256"><bdi>9780874804256</bdi></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uen.org/utah_history_encyclopedia/m/MANIFESTO_PLURAL_MARRIAGE.shtml">the original</a> on May 30, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 3,</span> 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Manifesto+%28Plural+Marriage%29&rft.btitle=Utah+History+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=University+of+Utah+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9780874804256&rft.aulast=Lyman&rft.aufirst=Edward+Leo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uen.org%2Futah_history_encyclopedia%2Fm%2FMANIFESTO_PLURAL_MARRIAGE.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_120" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 120">120</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/120/274/">274</a> (1887)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TPC12-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TPC12_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TPC12_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TPC12_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TPC12_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/teachings-of-presidents-of-the-church-lorenzo-snow/chapter-12-tithing-a-law-for-our-protection-and-advancement?lang=eng">"Chapter 12: Tithing, a Law for Our Protection and Advancement"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Teachings_of_Presidents_of_the_Church:_Lorenzo_Snow" class="mw-redirect" title="Teachings of Presidents of the Church: Lorenzo Snow">Teachings of Presidents of the Church: Lorenzo Snow</a></i> (Salt Lake City, Utah: LDS Church, 2011).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-policychange-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-policychange_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-policychange_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCompton2002">Compton 2002</a>, p. 127</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-succession-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-succession_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-succession_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCompton2002">Compton 2002</a>, p. 126</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCompton2002">Compton 2002</a>, pp. 128–129</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLund1982" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_N._Lund" title="Gerald N. Lund">Lund, Gerald N.</a> (February 1982), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1982/02/i-have-a-question?lang=eng">"I Have a Question: Is President Lorenzo Snow's oft-repeated statement—"As man now is, God once was; as God now is, man may be"—accepted as official doctrine by the Church?"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ensign_(LDS_magazine)" title="Ensign (LDS magazine)">Ensign</a></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ensign&rft.atitle=I+Have+a+Question%3A+Is+President+Lorenzo+Snow%27s+oft-repeated+statement%E2%80%94%22As+man+now+is%2C+God+once+was%3B+as+God+now+is%2C+man+may+be%22%E2%80%94accepted+as+official+doctrine+by+the+Church%3F&rft.date=1982-02&rft.aulast=Lund&rft.aufirst=Gerald+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofjesuschrist.org%2Fstudy%2Fensign%2F1982%2F02%2Fi-have-a-question%3Flang%3Deng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilletReynolds1998" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Millet" title="Robert L. Millet">Millet, Robert L.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Noel_B._Reynolds" title="Noel B. Reynolds">Reynolds, Noel B.</a> (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maxwellinstitute.byu.edu/publications/books/?bookid=45&chapid=534">"Do Latter-day Saints believe that men and women can become gods?"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/latterdaychristi00mill"><i>Latter-day Christianity: 10 Basic Issues</i></a>, Provo, Utah: <a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Ancient_Research_and_Mormon_Studies" title="Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies">Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0934893322" title="Special:BookSources/0934893322"><bdi>0934893322</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/39732987">39732987</a>, <q>President Snow often referred to this couplet as having been revealed to him by inspiration during the Nauvoo period of the church. See, for example, <i>Deseret Weekly</i>, 3 November 1894, 610; <i>Deseret Weekly</i>, 8 October 1898, 513; <i>Deseret News</i>, 15 June 1901, 177; and Journal History of the Church, Historical Department, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Salt Lake City, 20 July 1901, 4.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Do+Latter-day+Saints+believe+that+men+and+women+can+become+gods%3F&rft.btitle=Latter-day+Christianity%3A+10+Basic+Issues&rft.place=Provo%2C+Utah&rft.pub=Foundation+for+Ancient+Research+and+Mormon+Studies&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F39732987&rft.isbn=0934893322&rft.aulast=Millet&rft.aufirst=Robert+L.&rft.au=Reynolds%2C+Noel+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaxwellinstitute.byu.edu%2Fpublications%2Fbooks%2F%3Fbookid%3D45%26chapid%3D534&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_B._AllenGlen_M._Leonard1976" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_B._Allen_(historian)" title="James B. Allen (historian)">James B. Allen</a>; <a href="/wiki/Glen_M._Leonard" title="Glen M. Leonard">Glen M. Leonard</a> (1976). <a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_the_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Story of the Latter-day Saints"><i>The Story of the Latter-day Saints</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Deseret_Book_Company" title="Deseret Book Company">Deseret Book Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87747-594-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-87747-594-6"><bdi>0-87747-594-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+the+Latter-day+Saints&rft.pub=Deseret+Book+Company&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=0-87747-594-6&rft.au=James+B.+Allen&rft.au=Glen+M.+Leonard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeecher,_Maureen_UrsenbachPaul_Thomas_Smith1992" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Maureen_Ursenbach_Beecher" class="mw-redirect" title="Maureen Ursenbach Beecher">Beecher, Maureen Ursenbach</a>; Paul Thomas Smith (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090213054923/http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Snow%2C_Lorenzo">"Lorenzo Snow"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Daniel_H._Ludlow" title="Daniel H. Ludlow">Daniel H. Ludlow</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Mormonism" title="Encyclopedia of Mormonism">Encyclopedia of Mormonism</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eom.byu.edu/index.php/Snow%2C_Lorenzo">the original</a> on 2009-02-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-02-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lorenzo+Snow&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Mormonism&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1992&rft.au=Beecher%2C+Maureen+Ursenbach&rft.au=Paul+Thomas+Smith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feom.byu.edu%2Findex.php%2FSnow%252C_Lorenzo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniel_H._Ludlow1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_H._Ludlow" title="Daniel H. Ludlow">Daniel H. Ludlow</a>, ed. (1995). <i>Church History: Selections from the Encyclopedia of Mormonism</i>. <a href="/wiki/Deseret_Book_Company" title="Deseret Book Company">Deseret Book Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87579-924-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87579-924-8"><bdi>0-87579-924-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Church+History%3A+Selections+from+the+Encyclopedia+of+Mormonism&rft.pub=Deseret+Book+Company&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-87579-924-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Lorenzo Snow". <i>Presidents of the Church: 'They that Move the Cause of Zion'<span></span></i>. <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a>, Dept. of Seminaries and Institutes of Religion. 1979.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lorenzo+Snow&rft.btitle=Presidents+of+the+Church%3A+%27They+that+Move+the+Cause+of+Zion%27&rft.pub=The+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints%2C+Dept.+of+Seminaries+and+Institutes+of+Religion&rft.date=1979&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNibley,_Preston1974" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Preston_Nibley" title="Preston Nibley">Nibley, Preston</a> (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/presidentsofchur00nibl"><i>The Presidents of the Church</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Deseret_Book_Company" title="Deseret Book Company">Deseret Book Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87747-414-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-87747-414-1"><bdi>0-87747-414-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Presidents+of+the+Church&rft.pub=Deseret+Book+Company&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=0-87747-414-1&rft.au=Nibley%2C+Preston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpresidentsofchur00nibl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith,_Joseph_Fielding1964" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fielding_Smith" title="Joseph Fielding Smith">Smith, Joseph Fielding</a> (1964). <i>Essentials in Church History</i>. <a href="/wiki/Deseret_Book_Company" title="Deseret Book Company">Deseret Book Company</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essentials+in+Church+History&rft.pub=Deseret+Book+Company&rft.date=1964&rft.au=Smith%2C+Joseph+Fielding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnow,_Eliza_R.1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Eliza_R._Snow" title="Eliza R. Snow">Snow, Eliza R.</a> (1999) [reprint]. <i>Biography and Family Record of Lorenzo Snow</i>. <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Biography+and+Family+Record+of+Lorenzo+Snow&rft.pub=The+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints&rft.date=1999&rft.au=Snow%2C+Eliza+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnow,_Lorenzo1984" class="citation book cs1">Snow, Lorenzo (1984). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/teachingsofloren00snow"><i>The Teachings of Lorenzo Snow, Fifth President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</i></a></span>. compiled by Clyde J. Williams. <a href="/wiki/Bookcraft,_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Bookcraft, Inc">Bookcraft, Inc</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780884945178" title="Special:BookSources/9780884945178"><bdi>9780884945178</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Teachings+of+Lorenzo+Snow%2C+Fifth+President+of+the+Church+of+Jesus+Christ+of+Latter-day+Saints&rft.pub=Bookcraft%2C+Inc&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=9780884945178&rft.au=Snow%2C+Lorenzo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fteachingsofloren00snow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCompton2002" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Todd_Compton" title="Todd Compton">Compton, Todd</a> (Winter 2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dialoguejournal.com/wp-content/uploads/sbi/articles/Dialogue_V35N04_125.pdf">"John Willard Young, Brigham Young, and the Development of Presidential Succession in the LDS Church"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dialogue:_A_Journal_of_Mormon_Thought" title="Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought">Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought</a></i>, <b>35</b> (4): 111–134, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F45226902">10.2307/45226902</a>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45226902">45226902</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:254404200">254404200</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dialogue%3A+A+Journal+of+Mormon+Thought&rft.atitle=John+Willard+Young%2C+Brigham+Young%2C+and+the+Development+of+Presidential+Succession+in+the+LDS+Church&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=111-134&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A254404200%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F45226902%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F45226902&rft.aulast=Compton&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dialoguejournal.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsbi%2Farticles%2FDialogue_V35N04_125.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALorenzo+Snow" class="Z3988"></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Snow&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 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href="/wiki/Portal:Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Portal:Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saint movement portal</a></span></li></ul> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikisource logo"><img alt="Wikisource logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Works by or about <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Lorenzo_Snow" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Lorenzo Snow">Lorenzo Snow</a> at <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> </p> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lorenzo_Snow" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lorenzo Snow">Lorenzo Snow</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> Quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Lorenzo_Snow" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Lorenzo Snow">Lorenzo Snow</a> at Wikiquote</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints titles</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Wilford Woodruff</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Church_(LDS_Church)" title="President of the Church (LDS Church)">President of the Church</a> </b><br />September 13, 1898 – October 10, 1901 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">Joseph F. Smith</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_(LDS_Church)" title="President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)">President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles</a> </b><br />April 7, 1889 – September 13, 1898 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Richards_(Mormon_apostle)" title="Franklin D. Richards (Mormon apostle)">Franklin D. Richards</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Rich" title="Charles C. Rich">Charles C. Rich</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_(LDS_Church)" title="Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)">Quorum of the Twelve Apostles</a> </b><br />February 12, 1849 – September 13, 1898 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Erastus_Snow" title="Erastus Snow">Erastus Snow</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Wilford Woodruff</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Young_Men_(organization)#Chronology_of_the_general_superintendencies_and_presidencies_of_the_Young_Men" title="Young Men (organization)">Superintendent</a> of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Young_Men%27s_Mutual_Improvement_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association">Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association</a> </b><br />1898–1901 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">Joseph F. Smith</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_First_Presidency_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LDSfirstpresidency" title="Template:LDSfirstpresidency"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LDSfirstpresidency" title="Template talk:LDSfirstpresidency"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LDSfirstpresidency" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LDSfirstpresidency"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_First_Presidency_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/First_Presidency_(LDS_Church)" title="First Presidency (LDS Church)">First Presidency</a> of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="List of presidents of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">Presidents of<br />the Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">J. Smith Jr.</a> (1830–44)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young" title="Brigham Young">B. Young Sr.</a> (1847–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_(Mormon)" title="John Taylor (Mormon)">Taylor</a> (1880–87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Woodruff</a> (1889–98)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Snow</a> (1898–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">J.F. Smith Sr.</a> (1901–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_J._Grant" title="Heber J. Grant">Grant</a> (1918–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Albert_Smith" title="George Albert Smith">G.A. Smith</a> (1945–51)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._McKay" title="David O. McKay">McKay</a> (1951–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fielding_Smith" title="Joseph Fielding Smith">J.F. Smith Jr.</a> (1970–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_B._Lee" title="Harold B. Lee">Lee</a> (1972–73)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_W._Kimball" title="Spencer W. Kimball">Kimball</a> (1973–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Taft_Benson" title="Ezra Taft Benson">Benson</a> (1985–94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_W._Hunter" title="Howard W. Hunter">Hunter</a> (1994–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_B._Hinckley" title="Gordon B. Hinckley">Hinckley</a> (1995–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Monson" title="Thomas S. Monson">Monson</a> (2008–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_M._Nelson" title="Russell M. Nelson">Nelson</a> (2018–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Counselors_in_the_First_Presidency_(LDS_Church)" title="Category:Counselors in the First Presidency (LDS Church)">First Counselors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Gause" title="Jesse Gause">Gause</a> (1832)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Rigdon" title="Sidney Rigdon">Rigdon</a> (1832–44)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_C._Kimball" title="Heber C. Kimball">Kimball</a> (1847–68)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Smith" title="George A. Smith">G.A. Smith</a> (1868–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Willard_Young" title="John Willard Young">J.W. Young</a> (1876–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Q._Cannon" title="George Q. Cannon">Cannon</a> (1880–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">J.F. Smith Sr.</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Winder" title="John R. Winder">Winder</a> (1901–10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthon_H._Lund" title="Anthon H. Lund">Lund</a> (1910–21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Penrose" title="Charles W. Penrose">Penrose</a> (1921–25)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_W._Ivins" title="Anthony W. Ivins">Ivins</a> (1925–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Reuben_Clark" title="J. Reuben Clark">Clark</a> (1934–51; 1959–61)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L_Richards" title="Stephen L Richards">S.L. Richards</a> (1951–59)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Moyle" title="Henry D. Moyle">Moyle</a> (1961–63)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_B._Brown" title="Hugh B. Brown">Brown</a> (1963–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_B._Lee" title="Harold B. Lee">Lee</a> (1970–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Eldon_Tanner" title="Nathan Eldon Tanner">Tanner</a> (1972–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_G._Romney" title="Marion G. Romney">Romney</a> (1982–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_B._Hinckley" title="Gordon B. Hinckley">Hinckley</a> (1985–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Monson" title="Thomas S. Monson">Monson</a> (1995–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Eyring" title="Henry B. Eyring">Eyring</a> (2008–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallin_H._Oaks" title="Dallin H. Oaks">Oaks</a> (2018–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Counselors_in_the_First_Presidency_(LDS_Church)" title="Category:Counselors in the First Presidency (LDS Church)">Second Counselors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Rigdon" title="Sidney Rigdon">Rigdon</a> (1832)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_G._Williams" title="Frederick G. Williams">Williams</a> (1833–37)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrum_Smith" title="Hyrum Smith">H. Smith</a> (1837–41)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Law_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="William Law (Latter Day Saints)">Law</a> (1841–44)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_Richards" title="Willard Richards">W. Richards</a> (1847–54)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jedediah_M._Grant" title="Jedediah M. Grant">Grant</a> (1854–56)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_H._Wells" title="Daniel H. Wells">Wells</a> (1857–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">J.F. Smith Sr.</a> (1880–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudger_Clawson" title="Rudger Clawson">Clawson</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthon_H._Lund" title="Anthon H. Lund">Lund</a> (1901–10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Smith" title="John Henry Smith">J.H. Smith</a> (1910–11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Penrose" title="Charles W. Penrose">Penrose</a> (1911–21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_W._Ivins" title="Anthony W. Ivins">Ivins</a> (1921–25)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Nibley" title="Charles W. Nibley">Nibley</a> (1925–31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Reuben_Clark" title="J. Reuben Clark">Clark</a> (1933–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._McKay" title="David O. McKay">McKay</a> (1934–51)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Reuben_Clark" title="J. Reuben Clark">Clark</a> (1951–59)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Moyle" title="Henry D. Moyle">Moyle</a> (1959–61)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_B._Brown" title="Hugh B. Brown">Brown</a> (1961–63)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Eldon_Tanner" title="Nathan Eldon Tanner">Tanner</a> (1963–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_G._Romney" title="Marion G. Romney">Romney</a> (1972–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_B._Hinckley" title="Gordon B. Hinckley">Hinckley</a> (1982–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Monson" title="Thomas S. Monson">Monson</a> (1985–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Faust" title="James E. Faust">Faust</a> (1995–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Eyring" title="Henry B. Eyring">Eyring</a> (2007–08)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_F._Uchtdorf" title="Dieter F. Uchtdorf">Uchtdorf</a> (2008–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Eyring" title="Henry B. Eyring">Eyring</a> (2018–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Counselors_in_the_First_Presidency_(LDS_Church)" title="Category:Counselors in the First Presidency (LDS Church)">Additional<br />Counselors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Assistant<br />Counselors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cowdery" title="Oliver Cowdery">Cowdery</a> (1837–38)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrum_Smith" title="Hyrum Smith">H. Smith</a> (1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(uncle_of_Joseph_Smith)" title="John Smith (uncle of Joseph Smith)">John Smith</a> (1837–44)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith_Sr." title="Joseph Smith Sr.">J. Smith Sr.</a> (1837–40)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Willard_Young" title="John Willard Young">J.W. Young</a> (1874–76)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Q._Cannon" title="George Q. Cannon">Cannon</a> (1874–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_Jr." title="Brigham Young Jr.">B. Young Jr.</a> (1874–77)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Snow</a> (1874–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Carrington" title="Albert Carrington">Carrington</a> (1874–77)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Counselors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amasa_Lyman" title="Amasa Lyman">Lyman</a> (1843–44)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">J.F. Smith Sr.</a> (1866–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Willard_Young" title="John Willard Young">J.W. Young</a> (1873–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Q._Cannon" title="George Q. Cannon">Cannon</a> (1873–74)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_Jr." title="Brigham Young Jr.">B. Young Jr.</a> (1873–74)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Snow</a> (1873–74)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Carrington" title="Albert Carrington">Carrington</a> (1873–74)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorpe_B._Isaacson" title="Thorpe B. Isaacson">Isaacson</a> (1965–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fielding_Smith" title="Joseph Fielding Smith">J.F. Smith Jr.</a> (1965–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_R._Dyer" title="Alvin R. Dyer">Dyer</a> (1968–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_B._Hinckley" title="Gordon B. Hinckley">Hinckley</a> (1981–82)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third Counselors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_B._Brown" title="Hugh B. Brown">Brown</a> (1961)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LDSpresq12" title="Template:LDSpresq12"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LDSpresq12" title="Template talk:LDSpresq12"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LDSpresq12" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LDSpresq12"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Quorum_of_the_Twelve_Apostles_(LDS_Church)" title="President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)">Presidents of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles</a> of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_B._Marsh" title="Thomas B. Marsh">Marsh</a> (1835–39)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young" title="Brigham Young">B. Young Sr.</a> (1839–47)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Hyde" title="Orson Hyde">Hyde</a> (1847–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_(Mormon)" title="John Taylor (Mormon)">Taylor</a> (1875–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Woodruff</a> (1880–89)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Snow</a> (1889–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Richards_(Mormon_apostle)" title="Franklin D. Richards (Mormon apostle)">F.D. Richards</a> (1898–99)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_Jr." title="Brigham Young Jr.">B. Young Jr.</a> (1899–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">J.F. Smith Sr.</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_Jr." title="Brigham Young Jr.">B. Young Jr.</a> (1901–03)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_M._Lyman" title="Francis M. Lyman">Lyman</a> (1903–16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_J._Grant" title="Heber J. Grant">Grant</a> (1916–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthon_H._Lund" title="Anthon H. Lund">Lund</a> (1918–21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudger_Clawson" title="Rudger Clawson">Clawson</a> (1921–43)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Albert_Smith" title="George Albert Smith">G.A. Smith</a> (1943–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Richards" title="George F. Richards">G.F. Richards</a> (1945–50)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._McKay" title="David O. McKay">McKay</a> (1950–51)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fielding_Smith" title="Joseph Fielding Smith">J.F. Smith Jr.</a> (1951–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_B._Lee" title="Harold B. Lee">Lee</a> (1970–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_W._Kimball" title="Spencer W. Kimball">Kimball</a> (1972–73)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Taft_Benson" title="Ezra Taft Benson">Benson</a> (1973–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_G._Romney" title="Marion G. Romney">Romney</a> (1985–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_W._Hunter" title="Howard W. Hunter">Hunter</a> (1988–94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_B._Hinckley" title="Gordon B. Hinckley">Hinckley</a> (1994–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Monson" title="Thomas S. Monson">Monson</a> (1995–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyd_K._Packer" title="Boyd K. Packer">Packer</a> (2008–15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_M._Nelson" title="Russell M. Nelson">Nelson</a> (2015–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallin_H._Oaks" title="Dallin H. Oaks">Oaks</a> (2018–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Apostles_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LDSApostles" title="Template:LDSApostles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LDSApostles" title="Template talk:LDSApostles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LDSApostles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LDSApostles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Apostles_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Apostle_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Apostle (Latter Day Saints)">Apostles</a> of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">J. Smith</a> (1829–44)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cowdery" title="Oliver Cowdery">Cowdery</a> (1829–38)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Whitmer" title="David Whitmer">Whitmer</a> (1829–38)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Harris_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Martin Harris (Latter Day Saints)">Harris</a> (unknown–1837)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_B._Marsh" title="Thomas B. Marsh">Marsh</a> (1835–39)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_W._Patten" title="David W. Patten">Patten</a> (1835–38)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young" title="Brigham Young">B. Young Sr.</a> (1835–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_C._Kimball" title="Heber C. Kimball">H. C. Kimball</a> (1835–68)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Hyde" title="Orson Hyde">Hyde</a> (1835–78)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._McLellin" title="William E. McLellin">McLellin</a> (1835–38)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parley_P._Pratt" title="Parley P. Pratt">P. P. Pratt</a> (1835–57)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Johnson_(Mormon)" title="Luke Johnson (Mormon)">Luke Johnson</a> (1835–37)<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="William Smith (Latter Day Saints)">Wm. Smith</a> (1835–45)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Pratt" title="Orson Pratt">O. Pratt</a> (1835–81)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Boynton" title="John F. Boynton">Boynton</a> (1835–37)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_E._Johnson" title="Lyman E. Johnson">L. E. Johnson</a> (1835–38)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Page" title="John E. Page">Page</a> (1838–46)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_(Mormon)" title="John Taylor (Mormon)">J. Taylor</a> (1838–87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">W. Woodruff</a> (1839–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Smith" title="George A. Smith">G. A. Smith</a> (1839–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_Richards" title="Willard Richards">W. Richards</a> (1840–54)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Wight" title="Lyman Wight">Wight</a> (1841–48)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrum_Smith" title="Hyrum Smith">H. Smith</a> (1841–44)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amasa_Lyman" title="Amasa Lyman">A. M. Lyman</a> (1842–67)<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_T._Benson" title="Ezra T. Benson">Benson</a> (1846–69)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Rich" title="Charles C. Rich">Rich</a> (1849–83)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">L. Snow</a> (1849–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erastus_Snow" title="Erastus Snow">E. Snow</a> (1849–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Richards_(Mormon_apostle)" title="Franklin D. Richards (Mormon apostle)">F. D. Richards</a> (1849–99)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jedediah_M._Grant" title="Jedediah M. Grant">J. M. Grant</a> (1854–56)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_H._Wells" title="Daniel H. Wells">Wells</a> (1857–91)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Willard_Young" title="John Willard Young">J. W. Young</a> (1855–1924)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Q._Cannon" title="George Q. Cannon">G. Q. Cannon</a> (1860–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Angell_Young" title="Joseph Angell Young">J. A. Young</a> (1864–75)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_Jr." title="Brigham Young Jr.">B. Young Jr.</a> (1864–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">J. F. Smith Sr.</a> (1866–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Carrington" title="Albert Carrington">Carrington</a> (1870–85)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Thatcher" title="Moses Thatcher">Thatcher</a> (1879–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_M._Lyman" title="Francis M. Lyman">F. M. Lyman</a> (1880–1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Smith" title="John Henry Smith">J. H. Smith</a> (1880–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Teasdale" title="George Teasdale">Teasdale</a> (1882–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_J._Grant" title="Heber J. Grant">H. J. Grant</a> (1882–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Taylor_(Mormon)" title="John W. Taylor (Mormon)">J. W. Taylor</a> (1884–1911)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriner_W._Merrill" title="Marriner W. Merrill">M. W. Merrill</a> (1889–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthon_H._Lund" title="Anthon H. Lund">Lund</a> (1889–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_H._Cannon" title="Abraham H. Cannon">A. H. Cannon</a> (1889–96)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_F._Cowley" title="Matthias F. Cowley">M. F. Cowley</a> (1897–1911)<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_O._Woodruff" title="Abraham O. Woodruff">A. O. Woodruff</a> (1897–1904)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudger_Clawson" title="Rudger Clawson">Clawson</a> (1898–1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_Smoot" title="Reed Smoot">Smoot</a> (1900–41)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrum_M._Smith" title="Hyrum M. Smith">H. M. Smith</a> (1901–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Albert_Smith" title="George Albert Smith">G. A. Smith</a> (1903–51)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Penrose" title="Charles W. Penrose">Penrose</a> (1904–25)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Richards" title="George F. Richards">G. F. Richards</a> (1906–50)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_F._Whitney" title="Orson F. Whitney">Whitney</a> (1906–31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._McKay" title="David O. McKay">McKay</a> (1906–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_W._Ivins" title="Anthony W. Ivins">Ivins</a> (1907–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fielding_Smith" title="Joseph Fielding Smith">J. F. Smith Jr.</a> (1910–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Talmage" title="James E. Talmage">Talmage</a> (1911–33)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L_Richards" title="Stephen L Richards">S. L. Richards</a> (1917–59)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Lyman" title="Richard R. Lyman">R. R. Lyman</a> (1918–43)<sup id="cite_ref-excommunication_31-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melvin_J._Ballard" title="Melvin J. Ballard">M. J. Ballard</a> (1919–39)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Widtsoe" title="John A. Widtsoe">Widtsoe</a> (1921–52)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Merrill" title="Joseph F. Merrill">J. F. Merrill</a> (1931–52)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Callis" title="Charles A. Callis">Callis</a> (1933–47)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Reuben_Clark" title="J. Reuben Clark">Clark</a> (1934–61)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonzo_A._Hinckley" title="Alonzo A. Hinckley">A. A. Hinckley</a> (1934–36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_E._Bowen" title="Albert E. Bowen">Bowen</a> (1937–53)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Q._Cannon" title="Sylvester Q. Cannon">S. Q. Cannon</a> (1938–43)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_B._Lee" title="Harold B. Lee">Lee</a> (1941–73)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_W._Kimball" title="Spencer W. Kimball">S. W. Kimball</a> (1943–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Taft_Benson" title="Ezra Taft Benson">Benson</a> (1943–94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_E._Petersen" title="Mark E. Petersen">Petersen</a> (1944–84)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Cowley" title="Matthew Cowley">M. Cowley</a> (1945–53)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Moyle" title="Henry D. Moyle">Moyle</a> (1947–63)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delbert_L._Stapley" title="Delbert L. Stapley">Stapley</a> (1950–78)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_G._Romney" title="Marion G. Romney">Romney</a> (1951–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeGrand_Richards" title="LeGrand Richards">L. Richards</a> (1952–83)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_S._Bennion" title="Adam S. Bennion">Bennion</a> (1953–58)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Evans" title="Richard L. Evans">Evans</a> (1953–71)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Q._Morris" title="George Q. Morris">Morris</a> (1954–62)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_B._Brown" title="Hugh B. Brown">Brown</a> (1958–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_W._Hunter" title="Howard W. Hunter">Hunter</a> (1959–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_B._Hinckley" title="Gordon B. Hinckley">G. B. Hinckley</a> (1961–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Eldon_Tanner" title="Nathan Eldon Tanner">Tanner</a> (1962–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Monson" title="Thomas S. Monson">Monson</a> (1963–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_R._Dyer" title="Alvin R. Dyer">Dyer</a> (1967–77)<sup id="cite_ref-not12_30-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-not12-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boyd_K._Packer" title="Boyd K. Packer">Packer</a> (1970–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Ashton" title="Marvin J. Ashton">Ashton</a> (1971–94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_R._McConkie" title="Bruce R. McConkie">McConkie</a> (1972–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Tom_Perry" title="L. Tom Perry">Perry</a> (1974–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Haight" title="David B. Haight">Haight</a> (1976–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Faust" title="James E. Faust">Faust</a> (1978–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neal_A._Maxwell" title="Neal A. Maxwell">Maxwell</a> (1981–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_M._Nelson" title="Russell M. Nelson">Nelson</a> (1984–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallin_H._Oaks" title="Dallin H. Oaks">Oaks</a> (1984–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Russell_Ballard" title="M. Russell Ballard">M. R. Ballard</a> (1985–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_B._Wirthlin" title="Joseph B. Wirthlin">Wirthlin</a> (1986–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_G._Scott" title="Richard G. Scott">Scott</a> (1988–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Hales" title="Robert D. Hales">Hales</a> (1994–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_R._Holland" title="Jeffrey R. Holland">Holland</a> (1994–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Eyring" title="Henry B. Eyring">Eyring</a> (1995–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_F._Uchtdorf" title="Dieter F. Uchtdorf">Uchtdorf</a> (2004–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_A._Bednar" title="David A. Bednar">Bednar</a> (2004–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_L._Cook" title="Quentin L. Cook">Cook</a> (2007–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Todd_Christofferson" title="D. Todd Christofferson">Christofferson</a> (2008–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_L._Andersen" title="Neil L. Andersen">Andersen</a> (2009–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_A._Rasband" title="Ronald A. Rasband">Rasband</a> (2015–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_E._Stevenson" title="Gary E. Stevenson">Stevenson</a> (2015–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_G._Renlund" title="Dale G. Renlund">Renlund</a> (2015–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrit_W._Gong" title="Gerrit W. Gong">Gong</a> (2018–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulisses_Soares" title="Ulisses Soares">Soares</a> (2018–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Kearon" title="Patrick Kearon">Kearon</a> (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Notes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Notes</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: left;"><div><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-not12-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-not12_30-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Never a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-excommunication-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-excommunication_31-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Term ended by excommunication.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Term ended by resignation.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Term ended by removal of apostleship; was later excommunicated.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Term ended by suspension of priesthood.</span> </li> </ol></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="General_presidencies_of_the_Sunday_School_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LDSsundayschool" title="Template:LDSsundayschool"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LDSsundayschool" title="Template talk:LDSsundayschool"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LDSsundayschool" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LDSsundayschool"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="General_presidencies_of_the_Sunday_School_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">General presidencies of the <a href="/wiki/Sunday_School_(LDS_Church)" title="Sunday School (LDS Church)">Sunday School</a> of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General<br />President/Superintendents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Q._Cannon" title="George Q. Cannon">Cannon</a> (1867–1901)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Snow</a> (1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">Smith</a> (1901–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._McKay" title="David O. McKay">D.O. McKay</a> (1918–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Pyper" title="George D. Pyper">Pyper</a> (1934–43)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Bennion" title="Milton Bennion">Bennion</a> (1943–49)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_R._Hill" title="George R. Hill">Hill</a> (1949–66)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lawrence_McKay" title="David Lawrence McKay">D.L. McKay</a> (1966–71)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_M._Nelson" title="Russell M. Nelson">Nelson</a> (1971–79)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_W._Pinnock" title="Hugh W. Pinnock">Pinnock</a> (1979–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Simpson_(Mormon)" title="Robert L. Simpson (Mormon)">Simpson</a> (1986–89)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_W._Pinnock" title="Hugh W. Pinnock">Pinnock</a> (1989–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_R._Lybbert" title="Merlin R. Lybbert">Lybbert</a> (1992–94)</li> <li>Didier (1994–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_G._Hillam" title="Harold G. Hillam">Hillam</a> (1995–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlin_K._Jensen" title="Marlin K. Jensen">Jensen</a> (2000–01)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_O._Samuelson" title="Cecil O. Samuelson">Samuelson</a> (2001–03)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrill_J._Bateman" title="Merrill J. Bateman">Bateman</a> (2003–04)</li> <li>Merrill (2004–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_T._Osguthorpe" title="Russell T. Osguthorpe">Osguthorpe</a> (2009–14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tad_R._Callister" title="Tad R. Callister">Callister</a> (2014–19)</li> <li>Pace (2019–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First<br />Counselors/Assistants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Goddard_(Mormon)" title="George Goddard (Mormon)">Goddard</a> (1872–99)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_G._Maeser" title="Karl G. Maeser">Maeser</a> (1899–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Reynolds_(Mormon)" title="George Reynolds (Mormon)">G. Reynolds</a> (1901–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._McKay" title="David O. McKay">D.O. McKay</a> (1909–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L_Richards" title="Stephen L Richards">S. Richards</a> (1918–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Bennion" title="Milton Bennion">Bennion</a> (1934–43)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_R._Hill" title="George R. Hill">Hill</a> (1943–49)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Hamer_Reiser" title="A. Hamer Reiser">Reiser</a> (1949–52)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lawrence_McKay" title="David Lawrence McKay">D.L. McKay</a> (1952–66)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_S._Richards" title="Lynn S. Richards">L. Richards</a> (1966–71)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_B._Wirthlin" title="Joseph B. Wirthlin">Wirthlin</a> (1971–75)</li> <li>B. Poelman (1975–78)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_J._Christensen" title="Joe J. Christensen">J. Christensen</a> (1978–79)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Oswald" title="William D. Oswald">Oswald</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_E._Poelman" title="Ronald E. Poelman">R. Poelman</a> (1979–81)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Hales" title="Robert D. Hales">Hales</a> (1981–85)</li> <li>Komatsu (1985–87)</li> <li>Harris (1987–89)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_A._Cuthbert" title="Derek A. Cuthbert">Cuthbert</a> (1989–91)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._Verlan_Andersen" title="H. Verlan Andersen">H. Andersen</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartman_Rector_Jr." title="Hartman Rector Jr.">Rector</a> (1991–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_L._Cutler" title="Clinton L. Cutler">Cutler</a> (1992–94)</li> <li>Washburn (1994–95)</li> <li>Howard (1995–97)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_L._Pace" title="Glenn L. Pace">Pace</a> (1997–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_L._Andersen" title="Neil L. Andersen">N. Andersen</a> (1998–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Groberg" title="John H. Groberg">Groberg</a> (2001–04)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_K_Judd" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel K Judd">Judd</a> (2004–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_M._McConkie" title="David M. McConkie">McConkie</a> (2009–14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Tanner_(Mormon)" class="mw-redirect" title="John S. Tanner (Mormon)">Tanner</a> (2014–15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devin_Durrant" title="Devin Durrant">Durrant</a> (2015–19)</li> <li>Camargo (2019–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second<br />Counselors/Assistants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton_Morgan" title="John Hamilton Morgan">Morgan</a> (1883–94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_G._Maeser" title="Karl G. Maeser">Maeser</a> (1894–99)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Reynolds_(Mormon)" title="George Reynolds (Mormon)">G. Reynolds</a> (1899–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_M._Tanner" title="Joseph M. Tanner">Tanner</a> (1901–06)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_O._McKay" title="David O. McKay">D.O. McKay</a> (1907–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L_Richards" title="Stephen L Richards">S. Richards</a> (1909–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_D._Pyper" title="George D. Pyper">Pyper</a> (1918–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_R._Hill" title="George R. Hill">Hill</a> (1934–43)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Hamer_Reiser" title="A. Hamer Reiser">Reiser</a> (1943–49)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lawrence_McKay" title="David Lawrence McKay">D.L. McKay</a> (1949–52)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_S._Richards" title="Lynn S. Richards">L. Richards</a> (1952–66)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royden_G._Derrick" title="Royden G. Derrick">Derrick</a> (1966–71)</li> <li>Warner (1971–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_J._Christensen" title="Joe J. Christensen">J. Christensen</a> (1975–78)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Oswald" title="William D. Oswald">Oswald</a> (1978–79)</li> <li>Baird (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_H._Goaslind" title="Jack H. Goaslind">Goaslind</a> (1979–81)</li> <li>Paramore (1981–83)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loren_C._Dunn" title="Loren C. Dunn">Dunn</a> (1983–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_E._Poelman" title="Ronald E. Poelman">R. Poelman</a> (1985–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Theodore_Tuttle" title="A. Theodore Tuttle">Tuttle</a> (1986)</li> <li>Harris (1987)</li> <li>Sonntag (1987–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_A._Cuthbert" title="Derek A. Cuthbert">Cuthbert</a> (1988–89)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_E._Brewerton" title="Ted E. Brewerton">Brewerton</a> (1989–90)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._Verlan_Andersen" title="H. Verlan Andersen">H. Andersen</a> (1990–91)</li> <li>Craven (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_L._Cutler" title="Clinton L. Cutler">Cutler</a> (1991–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_E._Poelman" title="Ronald E. Poelman">R. Poelman</a> (1992–94)</li> <li>Howard (1994–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_L._Pace" title="Glenn L. Pace">Pace</a> (1995–97)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_L._Andersen" title="Neil L. Andersen">N. Andersen</a> (1997–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Groberg" title="John H. Groberg">Groberg</a> (1998–2001)</li> <li>Maynes (2001–02)</li> <li>V. Christensen (2002–04)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Oswald" title="William D. Oswald">Oswald</a> (2004–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_O._Richardson" title="Matthew O. Richardson">Richardson</a> (2009–14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devin_Durrant" title="Devin Durrant">Durrant</a> (2014–15)</li> <li>Ashton (2015–19)</li> <li>Newman (2019–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="General_presidencies_of_the_Young_Men_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LDSyoungmen" title="Template:LDSyoungmen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LDSyoungmen" title="Template talk:LDSyoungmen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LDSyoungmen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LDSyoungmen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="General_presidencies_of_the_Young_Men_of_The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">General presidencies of the <a href="/wiki/Young_Men_(organization)" title="Young Men (organization)">Young Men</a> of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General<br />Presidents/Superintendents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Junius_F._Wells" title="Junius F. Wells">Wells</a> (1876–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Woodruff</a> (1880–98)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Snow</a> (1898–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">J.F. Smith</a> (1901–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_W._Ivins" title="Anthony W. Ivins">Ivins</a> (1918–21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Albert_Smith" title="George Albert Smith">G.A. Smith</a> (1921–35)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_E._Bowen" title="Albert E. Bowen">Bowen</a> (1935–37)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Q._Morris" title="George Q. Morris">Morris</a> (1937–48)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbert_R._Curtis" title="Elbert R. Curtis">E. Curtis</a> (1948–58)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Bentley" title="Joseph T. Bentley">Bentley</a> (1958–62)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Carlos_Smith" title="G. Carlos Smith">G.C. Smith</a> (1962–69)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Jay_Eldredge" title="W. Jay Eldredge">Eldredge</a> (1969–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Backman" title="Robert L. Backman">Backman</a> (1972–74)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_D._Schaerrer" title="Neil D. Schaerrer">Schaerrer</a> (1977–79)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Backman" title="Robert L. Backman">Backman</a> (1979–85)</li> <li>Featherstone (1985–90)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_H._Goaslind" title="Jack H. Goaslind">Goaslind</a> (1990–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_K._Dellenbach" title="Robert K. Dellenbach">Dellenbach</a> (1998–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Melvin_Hammond" title="F. Melvin Hammond">Hammond</a> (2001–04)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Dahlquist_II" title="Charles W. Dahlquist II">Dahlquist</a> (2004–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_L._Beck" title="David L. Beck">Beck</a> (2009–15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_W._Owen" title="Stephen W. Owen">Owen</a> (2015–20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_J._Lund" title="Steven J. Lund">Lund</a> (2020–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First<br />Counselors/Assistants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milton_H._Hardy" title="Milton H. Hardy">M. Hardy</a> (1876–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">J.F. Smith</a> (1880–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_J._Grant" title="Heber J. Grant">Grant</a> (1901–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._H._Roberts" title="B. H. Roberts">Roberts</a> (1918–22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Lyman" title="Richard R. Lyman">Lyman</a> (1922–1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Q._Morris" title="George Q. Morris">Morris</a> (1935–37)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_J._Cannon" title="Joseph J. Cannon">J. Cannon</a> (1937-45)</li> <li>Giles (1945-48)</li> <li>Stevenson (1948–58)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_R._Dyer" title="Alvin R. Dyer">Dyer</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._Carlos_Smith" title="G. Carlos Smith">G.C. Smith</a> (1958–61)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Ashton" title="Marvin J. Ashton">Ashton</a> (1961–69)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_R._Hill_III" title="George R. Hill III">Hill</a> (1969–71)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_I._Cannon" title="George I. Cannon">G. Cannon</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeGrand_R._Curtis" title="LeGrand R. Curtis">L. Curtis</a> (1972–74)</li> <li>Doxey (1977–79)</li> <li>Featherstone (1979–85)</li> <li>Pinegar (1985–89)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_R._Holland" title="Jeffrey R. Holland">Holland</a> (1989–90)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeGrand_R._Curtis" title="LeGrand R. Curtis">L. Curtis</a> (1990–91)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_K._Dellenbach" title="Robert K. Dellenbach">Dellenbach</a> (1991–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_D._Nadauld" title="Stephen D. Nadauld">Nadauld</a> (1992–96)</li> <li>Featherstone (1996–97)</li> <li>Stanley (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_K._Dellenbach" title="Robert K. Dellenbach">Dellenbach</a> (1997–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Melvin_Hammond" title="F. Melvin Hammond">Hammond</a> (1998–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_L._Pace" title="Glenn L. Pace">Pace</a> (2001–03)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_G._Robbins" title="Lynn G. Robbins">Robbins</a> (2003–04)</li> <li>Burgess (2004–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_M._Gibson" title="Larry M. Gibson">Gibson</a> (2009–15)</li> <li>Holmes (2015–20)</li> <li>Corbitt (2020–23)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_R._Wilcox" title="Bradley R. Wilcox">Wilcox</a> (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second<br />Counselors/Assistants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_C._Badger" title="Rodney C. Badger">Badger</a> (1876–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Thatcher" title="Moses Thatcher">Thatcher</a> (1880–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_J._Grant" title="Heber J. Grant">Grant</a> (1898–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._H._Roberts" title="B. H. Roberts">Roberts</a> (1901–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_R._Lyman" title="Richard R. Lyman">Lyman</a> (1918–22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melvin_J._Ballard" title="Melvin J. Ballard">Ballard</a> (1922–35)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_L._West" title="Franklin L. West">West</a> (1935–37)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_K._Farnsworth" title="Burton K. Farnsworth">Farnsworth</a> (1937–45)</li> <li>Hatch (1945–48)</li> <li>R. Hardy (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_S._King" title="David S. King">King</a> (1948–58)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_J._Ashton" title="Marvin J. Ashton">Ashton</a> (1958–61)</li> <li>Scott (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_W._Buehner" title="Carl W. Buehner">Buehner</a> (1961–67)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_R._Hill_III" title="George R. Hill III">Hill</a> (1967–69)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_I._Cannon" title="George I. Cannon">G. Cannon</a> (1969–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Backman" title="Robert L. Backman">Blackman</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_H._Goaslind" title="Jack H. Goaslind">Goaslind</a> (1972–74)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quinn_G._McKay" title="Quinn G. McKay">McKay</a> (1977–79)</li> <li>Pinegar (1979–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Simpson_(Mormon)" title="Robert L. Simpson (Mormon)">Simpson</a> (1985–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartman_Rector_Jr." title="Hartman Rector Jr.">Rector</a> (1986–88)</li> <li>Harbertson (1988–89)</li> <li>M. Brough (1989–90)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_K._Dellenbach" title="Robert K. Dellenbach">Dellenbach</a> (1990–91)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_D._Nadauld" title="Stephen D. Nadauld">Nadauld</a> (1991–92)</li> <li>Kendrick (1992–93)</li> <li>Featherstone (1993–96)</li> <li>Stanley (1996–97)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_K._Dellenbach" title="Robert K. Dellenbach">Dellenbach</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Melvin_Hammond" title="F. Melvin Hammond">Hammond</a> (1997–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Madsen" title="John M. Madsen">Madsen</a> (1998–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_J._Condie" title="Spencer J. Condie">Condie</a> (2001–03)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_L._Hallstrom" title="Donald L. Hallstrom">Hallstrom</a> (2003–04)</li> <li>Neider (2004–09)</li> <li>Ochoa (2009–13)</li> <li>Ridd (2013–15)</li> <li>J. Brough (2015–20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_R._Wilcox" title="Bradley R. Wilcox">Wilcox</a> (2020–23)</li> <li>Nelson (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Additional Assistants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._H._Roberts" title="B. H. Roberts">Roberts</a> (1898–1901)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Council_of_Fifty_of_the_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:LDScouncil50" title="Template:LDScouncil50"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:LDScouncil50" title="Template talk:LDScouncil50"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:LDScouncil50" title="Special:EditPage/Template:LDScouncil50"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Council_of_Fifty_of_the_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Council_of_Fifty_(LDS_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of members of the Council of Fifty (LDS Church)">Members</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Fifty" title="Council of Fifty">Council of Fifty</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Adams" title="George J. Adams">Adams</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almon_W._Babbitt" title="Almon W. Babbitt">Babbitt</a> (1844–56)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Badlam" title="Alexander Badlam">Badlam</a> (1844–45, 1851–68)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_T._Benson" title="Ezra T. Benson">Benson</a> (1846–69)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bent" title="Samuel Bent">Bent</a> (1844–46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Milton_Bernhisel" title="John Milton Bernhisel">Bernhisel</a> (1844–81)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bonney" title="Edward Bonney">Bonney</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uriah_Brown_(inventor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uriah Brown (inventor) (page does not exist)">Brown</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Budge" title="William Budge">Budge</a> (1882–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bullock_(Mormon)" title="Thomas Bullock (Mormon)">Bullock</a> (1846–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_T._Burton" title="Robert T. Burton">Burton</a> (1867–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reynolds_Cahoon" title="Reynolds Cahoon">Cahoon</a> (1844–61)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Caine" title="John T. Caine">Caine</a> (1881–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_H._Cannon" title="Abraham H. Cannon">A. H. Cannon</a> (1884–96)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angus_M._Cannon" title="Angus M. Cannon">A. M. Cannon</a> (1880–1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Q._Cannon" title="George Q. Cannon">G. Q. Cannon</a> (1867–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Q._Cannon" title="John Q. Cannon">J. Q. Cannon</a> (1884–1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Carrington" title="Albert Carrington">Carrington</a> (1845–89)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_B._Clawson" title="Hiram B. Clawson">Clawson</a> (1882–1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Clayton_(Mormon)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Clayton (Mormon)">Clayton</a> (1844–79)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeter_Clinton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeter Clinton (page does not exist)">Clinton</a> (1867–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Cluff" title="William W. Cluff">Cluff</a> (1880–1915)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_W._Coolidge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph W. Coolidge (page does not exist)">Coolidge</a> (1844–48)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Van_Cott" title="John Van Cott">Cott</a> (1880–83)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_Cutler" title="Alpheus Cutler">Cutler</a> (1844–49)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lewis_Dana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lewis Dana (page does not exist)">Dana</a> (1845–48)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyrus_Daniels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyrus Daniels (page does not exist)">Daniels</a> (1845–46)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_Dunham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonathan Dunham (page does not exist)">Dunham</a> (1845)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marenus_G._Eaton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marenus G. Eaton (page does not exist)">Eaton</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_S._Eldredge" title="Horace S. Eldredge">Eldredge</a> (1848–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Emmett" title="James Emmett">Emmett</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_W._Farnham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John W. Farnham (page does not exist)">Farnham</a> (1845–?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorin_Farr" title="Lorin Farr">Farr</a> (1880–1909)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amos_Fielding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amos Fielding (page does not exist)">A. Fielding</a> (1844–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fielding" title="Joseph Fielding">J. Fielding</a> (1844–63)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian_R._Foster" title="Lucian R. Foster">Foster</a> (1845–46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fullmer" title="David Fullmer">D. Fullmer</a> (1845–79)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Fullmer" title="John S. Fullmer">J. S. Fullmer</a> (1845–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Gibbs" title="George F. Gibbs">Gibbs</a> (1882–1924)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_D._Grant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George D. Grant (page does not exist)">G. D. Grant</a> (1845–76)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_J._Grant" title="Heber J. Grant">H. J. Grant</a> (1882–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jedediah_M._Grant" title="Jedediah M. Grant">J. M. Grant</a> (1844–56)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Greene" title="John P. Greene">Greene</a> (1844)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_W._Hardy" title="Leonard W. Hardy">Hardy</a> (1882–84)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abram_Hatch" title="Abram Hatch">Hatch</a> (1883–1911)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Haws&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Haws (page does not exist)">Haws</a> (1844–46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Heywood" title="Joseph L. Heywood">Heywood</a> (1848–82)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Davis_S._Hollister&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Davis S. Hollister (page does not exist)">Hollister</a> (1844–46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Hooper" title="William Henry Hooper">Hooper</a> (1867–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hunter_(Mormon)" title="Edward Hunter (Mormon)">Hunter</a> (1867–83)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Hyde" title="Orson Hyde">Hyde</a> (1844–78)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_James_(Latter_Day_Saints)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel James (Latter Day Saints) (page does not exist)">James</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_(mayor)" title="William Jennings (mayor)">Jennings</a> (1880–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Johnson" title="Benjamin F. Johnson">Johnson</a> (1844–1905)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_S._Kimball&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles S. Kimball (page does not exist)">C. S. Kimball</a> (1867–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Patten_Kimball" title="David Patten Kimball">D. P. Kimball</a> (1867–83)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heber_C._Kimball" title="Heber C. Kimball">H. C. Kimball</a> (1844–68)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heber_P._Kimball&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heber P. Kimball (page does not exist)">H. P. Kimball</a> (1867–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Layton" title="Christopher Layton">Layton</a> (1883–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Lee" title="John D. Lee">Lee</a> (1844–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feramorz_Little" title="Feramorz Little">Little</a> (1880–87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_P._Lott" title="Cornelius P. Lott">Lott</a> (1844–50)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amasa_Lyman" title="Amasa Lyman">A. M. Lyman</a> (1844–67)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_M._Lyman" title="Francis M. Lyman">F. M. Lyman</a> (1880–1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Marks_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="William Marks (Latter Day Saints)">Marks</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="George Miller (Latter Day Saints)">Miller</a> (1844–46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Morley" title="Isaac Morley">Morley</a> (1845–65)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Murdock_(Mormon)" title="John R. Murdock (Mormon)">Murdock</a> (1880–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._John_Nuttall" title="L. John Nuttall">Nuttall</a> (1880–1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pack" title="John Pack">Pack</a> (1845–46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Page" title="John E. Page">Page</a> (1845–46)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_D._Parker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John D. Parker (page does not exist)">Parker</a> (1844–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Penrose" title="Charles W. Penrose">Penrose</a> (1882–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canute_Peterson" title="Canute Peterson">Peterson</a> (1882–1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._W._Phelps_(Mormon)" title="W. W. Phelps (Mormon)">Phelps</a> (1844–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Pratt" title="Orson Pratt">O. Pratt</a> (1844–81)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parley_P._Pratt" title="Parley P. Pratt">P. P. Pratt Sr.</a> (1844–57)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parley_P._Pratt_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parley P. Pratt Jr. (page does not exist)">P. P. Pratt Jr.</a> (1867–97)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Preston_(Mormon)" title="William B. Preston (Mormon)">Preston</a> (1880–1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Reynolds_(Mormon)" title="George Reynolds (Mormon)">Reynolds</a> (1881–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Rich" title="Charles C. Rich">C. C. Rich</a> (1844–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_C._Rich" title="Joseph C. Rich">J. C. Rich</a> (1867–1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Richards_(Mormon_apostle)" title="Franklin D. Richards (Mormon apostle)">F.D. Richards</a> (1849–99)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_S._Richards" title="Franklin S. Richards">F. S. Richards</a> (1880–1934)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heber_J._Richards&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heber J. Richards (page does not exist)">H. J. Richards</a> (1867–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levi_Richards" title="Levi Richards">L. Richards</a> (1844–76)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phinehas_Richards" title="Phinehas Richards">P. Richards</a> (1848–74)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_Richards" title="Willard Richards">W. Richards</a> (1844–54)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Rigdon" title="Sidney Rigdon">Rigdon</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porter_Rockwell" title="Porter Rockwell">Rockwell</a> (1844–78)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_P._Rockwood" title="Albert P. Rockwood">Rockwood</a> (1845–79)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadrach_Roundy" title="Shadrach Roundy">Roundy</a> (1845–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sharp_(Mormon)" title="John Sharp (Mormon)">Sharp</a> (1867–91)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Shumway" title="Charles Shumway">Shumway</a> (1845–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_W._Shurtliff" title="Lewis W. Shurtliff">Shurtliff</a> (1883–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Smith_(Mormon)" title="Elias Smith (Mormon)">E. Smith</a> (1844–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_A._Smith" title="George A. Smith">G.A. Smith</a> (1844–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrum_Smith" title="Hyrum Smith">H. Smith</a> (1844)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Smith_(nephew_of_Joseph_Smith)" title="John Smith (nephew of Joseph Smith)">John Smith</a> (1880–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Smith" title="John Henry Smith">J. H. Smith</a> (1844–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Jos. Smith</a> (1844)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">J. F. Smith</a> (1867–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas_S._Smith" title="Silas S. Smith">S. S. Smith</a> (1880–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Smith_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="William Smith (Latter Day Saints)">W. Smith</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_R._Smith_(Utah_politician)" title="William R. Smith (Utah politician)">W. R. Smith</a> (1880–94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_O._Smoot" title="Abraham O. Smoot">Smoot</a> (1867–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erastus_Snow" title="Erastus Snow">E. Snow</a> (1844–88)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">L. Snow</a> (1849–1901)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Willard_Snow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Willard Snow (page does not exist)">W. Snow</a> (1848–53)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Spencer_(Mormon)" title="Daniel Spencer (Mormon)">D. Spencer</a> (1845–68)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Spencer" title="Orson Spencer">O. Spencer</a> (1844–55)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosea_Stout" title="Hosea Stout">Stout</a> (1867–89)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_J._Taylor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George J. Taylor (page does not exist)">G. J. Taylor</a> (1867–1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_(Mormon)" title="John Taylor (Mormon)">J. Taylor</a> (1844–87)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Taylor_(Mormon)" title="John W. Taylor (Mormon)">J. W. Taylor</a> (1884–1916)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Taylor" title="William W. Taylor">W. W. Taylor</a> (1880–84)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Teasdale" title="George Teasdale">Teasdale</a> (1882–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Thatcher" title="Moses Thatcher">Thatcher</a> (1880–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Thayre" title="Ezra Thayre">Thayre</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theodore_Turley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theodore Turley (page does not exist)">Turley</a> (1845–71)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_D._Wasson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lorenzo D. Wasson (page does not exist)">Wasson</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_H._Wells" title="Daniel H. Wells">D. H. Wells</a> (1848–91)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junius_F._Wells" title="Junius F. Wells">J. F. Wells</a> (1880–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newel_K._Whitney" title="Newel K. Whitney">Whitney</a> (1844–50)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Wight" title="Lyman Wight">Wight</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_R._Winder" title="John R. Winder">Winder</a> (1881–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Woodruff</a> (1844–98)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucien_Woodworth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucien Woodworth (page does not exist)">Woodworth</a> (1844–48)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_D._Yearsley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David D. Yearsley (page does not exist)">Yearsley</a> (1844–49)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young" title="Brigham Young">B. Young Sr.</a> (1844–77)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young_Jr." title="Brigham Young Jr.">B. Young Jr.</a> (1867–1903)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_M._Young_(Mormon)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John M. Young (Mormon) (page does not exist)">John Young</a> (1849–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Willard_Young" title="John Willard Young">J. W. Young</a> (1867–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Young" title="Joseph Young">Jos. Young</a> (1845–81)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Angell_Young" title="Joseph Angell Young">J. A. Young</a> (1867–75)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineas_Young" title="Phineas Young">P. Young</a> (1845–79)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour_B._Young" title="Seymour B. Young">S. B. Young</a> (1884–1924)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leaders_in_the_Mormon_fundamentalist_movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mormon_fundamentalist_leaders" title="Template:Mormon fundamentalist leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mormon_fundamentalist_leaders" title="Template talk:Mormon fundamentalist leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mormon_fundamentalist_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mormon fundamentalist leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Leaders_in_the_Mormon_fundamentalist_movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mormon_fundamentalist_leaders" title="List of Mormon fundamentalist leaders">Leaders</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Mormon_fundamentalism" title="Mormon fundamentalism">Mormon fundamentalist</a> movement</span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recognized leaders<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigham_Young" title="Brigham Young">Brigham Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_(Mormon)" title="John Taylor (Mormon)">John Taylor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputed leaders<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilford_Woodruff" title="Wilford Woodruff">Wilford Woodruff</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lorenzo Snow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_F._Smith" title="Joseph F. Smith">Joseph F. Smith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Friends_(Woolley)#Council_of_Friends_leaders" title="Council of Friends (Woolley)">fundamentalist leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Woolley" title="John W. Woolley">John W. Woolley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorin_C._Woolley" title="Lorin C. Woolley">Lorin C. Woolley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Leslie_Broadbent" title="J. Leslie Broadbent">J. Leslie Broadbent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Y._Barlow" title="John Y. Barlow">John Y. Barlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_White_Musser" title="Joseph White Musser">Joseph White Musser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Zitting" title="Charles Zitting">Charles Zitting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #ddddff;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Leaders of the fundamentalist sects</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_United_Brethren" title="Apostolic United Brethren">Apostolic United Brethren</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rulon_C._Allred" title="Rulon C. Allred">Rulon C. Allred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_A._Allred" title="Owen A. Allred">Owen A. Allred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._LaMoine_Jenson" title="J. LaMoine Jenson">J. LaMoine Jenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_A._Thompson" title="Lynn A. Thompson">Lynn A. Thompson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fundamentalist_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter_Day_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints">FLDS Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leroy_S._Johnson" title="Leroy S. Johnson">Leroy S. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rulon_Jeffs" title="Rulon Jeffs">Rulon Jeffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Jeffs" title="Warren Jeffs">Warren Jeffs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyle_Jeffs" title="Lyle Jeffs">Lyle Jeffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merril_Jessop" title="Merril Jessop">Merril Jessop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Jessop" title="William E. Jessop">William E. Jessop</a> <i>(one-time de facto leader)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Loy_Nielsen" title="Wendell Loy Nielsen">Wendell Nielsen</a> <i>(one-time legal head)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Oler" title="James Oler">James Oler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Centennial_Park_group" title="Centennial Park group">Centennial Park group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._Marion_Hammon" class="mw-redirect" title="J. Marion Hammon">J. Marion Hammon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alma_A._Timpson" title="Alma A. Timpson">Alma A. Timpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Timpson" class="mw-redirect" title="John W. Timpson">John W. Timpson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Church_of_Christ" title="Latter Day Church of Christ">Latter Day Church of Christ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Kingston" title="Charles W. Kingston">Charles W. Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elden_Kingston" title="Elden Kingston">Elden Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ortell_Kingston" title="John Ortell Kingston">John O. Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Elden_Kingston" title="Paul Elden Kingston">Paul E. Kingston</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Firstborn_(LeBaron_order)" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of the Firstborn (LeBaron order)">LeBaron Order</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ervil_LeBaron" title="Ervil LeBaron">Ervil LeBaron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_LeBaron" title="Joel LeBaron">Joel LeBaron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #ddddff;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Independents and other leaders</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Blackmore" title="Winston Blackmore">Winston Blackmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Bryant" title="John W. Bryant">John W. Bryant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Crossfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert C. Crossfield">Robert C. Crossfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrill_R._Dalton" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrill R. Dalton">Terrill R. Dalton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Green_(polygamist)" title="Tom Green (polygamist)">Tom Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_and_Living_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Saints_of_the_Last_Days" title="True and Living Church of Jesus Christ of Saints of the Last Days">James D. Harmston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Joseph" title="Alex Joseph">Alex Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormon_fundamentalism#Nielsen_.2F_Naylor_Group" title="Mormon fundamentalism">Frank Naylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Neilsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Neilsen">Ivan Neilsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Peterson_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald Peterson Sr.">Gerald Peterson Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Peterson_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald Peterson Jr.">Gerald Peterson Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #ddddff; text-align: center;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[a] <small>Mormon leaders prior to the start of the fundamentalist movement and recognized by most fundamentalists as legitimate church leaders.</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[b] <small>Mormon leaders that made changes to church policies on plural marriage; recognition of legitimacy of leadership varies by fundamentalist group.</small></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q635520#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist 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