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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genesis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Genesis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genesis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gestalt_a_Klassifikatioun" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gestalt_a_Klassifikatioun"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Gestalt a Klassifikatioun</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gestalt_a_Klassifikatioun-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zuel_a_Verdeelung" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zuel_a_Verdeelung"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Zuel a Verdeelung</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zuel_a_Verdeelung-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zesummesetzung_vun_de_Stären" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zesummesetzung_vun_de_Stären"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zesummesetzung vun de Stären</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zesummesetzung_vun_de_Stären-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-D'Enn_vun_den_oppene_Stärekéip" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#D'Enn_vun_den_oppene_Stärekéip"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>D'Enn vun den oppene Stärekéip</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-D'Enn_vun_den_oppene_Stärekéip-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ënnersich_vun_der_Stäregenesis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ënnersich_vun_der_Stäregenesis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Ënnersich vun der Stäregenesis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ënnersich_vun_der_Stäregenesis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distanzmiessung" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distanzmiessung"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Distanzmiessung</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distanzmiessung-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Literatur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kuckt_och" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kuckt_och"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Kuckt och</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kuckt_och-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Um_Spaweck" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Um_Spaweck"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Um Spaweck</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Um_Spaweck-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhalter" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhaltsverzeechnes wiesselen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhaltsverzeechnes wiesselen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Oppene Stärekoup</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Op en Artikel an enger anerer Sprooch wiesselen. Disponibel an 65 Sproochen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 Sproochen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%82%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD" title="عنقود مفتوح - Arabesch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عنقود مفتوح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAmulu_abiertu" title="Cúmulu abiertu - Asturianesch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cúmulu abiertu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturianesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7%C4%B1q_ulduz_topas%C4%B1" title="Açıq ulduz topası - Aserbaidschanesch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Açıq ulduz topası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%95" title="মুক্ত স্তবক - Bengalesch" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুক্ত স্তবক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2a%E2%81%BF-khui_chhe%E2%81%BF-tho%C3%A2n" title="Sòaⁿ-khui chheⁿ-thoân - Min-Nan-Chinesesch" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sòaⁿ-khui chheⁿ-thoân" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min-Nan-Chinesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D2%99%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Таралған йондоҙҙар тупланмаһы - Baschkiresch" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Таралған йондоҙҙар тупланмаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baschkiresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%88%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Рассеянае зорнае скопішча - Wäissrussesch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рассеянае зорнае скопішча" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Wäissrussesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Расьсеяная зорная скупнасьць - Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Расьсеяная зорная скупнасьць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF" title="Разсеян звезден куп - Bulgaresch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Разсеян звезден куп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otvoreno_zvjezdano_jato" title="Otvoreno zvjezdano jato - Bosnesch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Otvoreno zvjezdano jato" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAmul_obert" title="Cúmul obert - Katalanesch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cúmul obert" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otev%C5%99en%C3%A1_hv%C4%9Bzdokupa" title="Otevřená hvězdokupa - Tschechesch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Otevřená hvězdokupa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschechesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85ben_stjernehob" title="Åben stjernehob - Dänesch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Åben stjernehob" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dänesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offener_Sternhaufen" title="Offener Sternhaufen - Däitsch" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Offener Sternhaufen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Däitsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajusparv" title="Hajusparv - Estnesch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hajusparv" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8C_%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AE%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ανοικτό σμήνος - Griichesch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανοικτό σμήνος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griichesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_cluster" title="Open cluster - Englesch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Open cluster" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAmulo_abierto" title="Cúmulo abierto - Spuenesch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cúmulo abierto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spuenesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malferma_stelamaso" title="Malferma stelamaso - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malferma stelamaso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumulu_ireki" title="Kumulu ireki - Baskesch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kumulu ireki" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="خوشه ستاره‌ای باز - Persesch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خوشه ستاره‌ای باز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amas_ouvert" title="Amas ouvert - Franséisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Amas ouvert" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Franséisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braisle_oscailte" title="Braisle oscailte - Iresch" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Braisle oscailte" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAmulo_aberto" title="Cúmulo aberto - Galizesch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cúmulo aberto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galizesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EA%B0%9C%EC%84%B1%EB%8B%A8" title="산개성단 - Koreanesch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="산개성단" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%91%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AE_%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ցրված աստղային կուտակումներ - Armenesch" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ցրված աստղային կուտակումներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9B" title="खुला तारागुच्छ - Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="खुला तारागुच्छ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otvoreni_skup_(astronomija)" title="Otvoreni skup (astronomija) - Kroatesch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Otvoreni skup (astronomija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gugus_terbuka" title="Gugus terbuka - Indonesesch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gugus terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammasso_aperto" title="Ammasso aperto - Italienesch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ammasso aperto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97" title="צביר פתוח - Hebräesch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צביר פתוח" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%9B%D0%B0%D2%9B_%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B6%D2%B1%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B7" title="Тарқақ үйіржұлдыз - Kasachesch" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тарқақ үйіржұлдыз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kasachesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumulus_stellarum_apertus" title="Cumulus stellarum apertus - Latäin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cumulus stellarum apertus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latäin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Va%C4%BC%C4%93j%C4%81_zvaig%C5%BE%C5%86u_kopa" title="Vaļējā zvaigžņu kopa - Lettesch" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vaļējā zvaigžņu kopa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padrikasis_spie%C4%8Dius" title="Padrikasis spiečius - Litauesch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Padrikasis spiečius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litauesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ny%C3%ADlthalmaz" title="Nyílthalmaz - Ungaresch" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nyílthalmaz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungaresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%95%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Расеано ѕвездено јато - Mazedonesch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Расеано ѕвездено јато" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Mazedonesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%82" title="തുറന്ന താരവ്യൂഹം - Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തുറന്ന താരവ്യൂഹം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelompok_terbuka" title="Kelompok terbuka - Malaiesch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kelompok terbuka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_sterrenhoop" title="Open sterrenhoop - Hollännesch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Open sterrenhoop" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Hollännesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E9%96%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%9B%A3" title="散開星団 - Japanesch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="散開星団" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85pen_stjernehop" title="Åpen stjernehop - Norwegesch Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Åpen stjernehop" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegesch Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_stjernehop" title="Open stjernehop - Norwegesch Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Open stjernehop" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegesch Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C3%A0s_dub%C3%A8rt" title="Amàs dubèrt - Okzitanesch" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Amàs dubèrt" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Okzitanesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9B%E0%A9%87" title="ਖੁੱਲੇ ਤਾਰਾਗੁੱਛੇ - Pandschabesch" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖੁੱਲੇ ਤਾਰਾਗੁੱਛੇ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandschabesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gromada_otwarta" title="Gromada otwarta - Polnesch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gromada otwarta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polnesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aglomerado_estelar_aberto" title="Aglomerado estelar aberto - Portugisesch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aglomerado estelar aberto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugisesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roi_deschis" title="Roi deschis - Rumänesch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Roi deschis" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumänesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Рассеянное звёздное скопление - Russesch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рассеянное звёздное скопление" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_star_cluster" title="Open star cluster - einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Open star cluster" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otvoren%C3%A1_hviezdokopa" title="Otvorená hviezdokopa - Slowakesch" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Otvorená hviezdokopa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowakesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odprta_zvezdna_kopica" title="Odprta zvezdna kopica - Slowenesch" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Odprta zvezdna kopica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slowenesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Расејано звездано јато - Serbesch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Расејано звездано јато" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otvoreni_skup" title="Otvoreni skup - Serbo-Kroatesch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Otvoreni skup" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroatesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avoin_t%C3%A4htijoukko" title="Avoin tähtijoukko - Finnesch" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Avoin tähtijoukko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96ppen_stj%C3%A4rnhop" title="Öppen stjärnhop - Schwedesch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Öppen stjärnhop" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Schwedesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Йолдызлар сибелгән тупланышы - Tataresch" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Йолдызлар сибелгән тупланышы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataresch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="Qualitéits-Artikel"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="กระจุกดาวเปิด - Thailännesch" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กระจุกดาวเปิด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailännesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%A7%C4%B1k_y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_k%C3%BCmesi" title="Açık yıldız kümesi - Tierkesch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Açık yıldız kümesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tierkesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Розсіяне скупчення - Ukrainesch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Розсіяне скупчення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%E1%BB%A5m_sao_m%E1%BB%9F" title="Cụm sao mở - Vietnamesesch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cụm sao mở" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pundok_nagsasasarang" title="Pundok nagsasasarang - Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pundok nagsasasarang" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%96%8F%E6%95%A3%E6%98%9F%E5%9B%A2" title="疏散星团 - Wu-Chinesesch" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="疏散星团" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Chinesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%96%8F%E6%95%A3%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%98" title="疏散星團 - Kantonesesch" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="疏散星團" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%96%8F%E6%95%A3%E6%98%9F%E5%9B%A2" title="疏散星团 - Chinesesch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="疏散星团" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinesesch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lb" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg/220px-Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg/330px-Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg/440px-Tarantula_nebula_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1076" data-file-height="1087" /></a><figcaption>Riets ënnen am Bild ass deen e puer Millioune Joer ale Stärekoup <a href="/wiki/Hodge_301" title="Hodge 301">Hodge 301</a> ze gesinn. Hien erhellt Deeler vum <a href="/wiki/Tarantelniwwel" title="Tarantelniwwel">Tarantelniwwel</a> vun der <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grousser_Magellanescher_Wollek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grousser Magellanescher Wollek (Säit gëtt et net)">Grousser Magellanescher Wollek</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Een <b>oppene Stärekoup</b> (oder e <b>galaktesche Koup</b>) ass eng Usammlung vun zwanzeg bis e puer dausend <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A4r" title="Stär">Stären</a>. D'Stären entstinn aus der selwechter <a href="/wiki/Donkelniwwel" title="Donkelniwwel">Risemoleküllwollek</a>. Hir Konzentratioun am Koupzentrum ass relativ kleng. Trotzdeem hiewe si sech däitlech vum Stärenhannergrond of. Konzentréiert Usammlunge vu Stäre ginn als <a href="/wiki/Kugelst%C3%A4rekoup" title="Kugelstärekoup">Kugelstärekoup</a> bezeechent. Oppe Stärekéip fënnt een nëmmen an enger <a href="/wiki/Spiralgalaxie" title="Spiralgalaxie">Spiralgalaxie</a>- oder enger <a href="/wiki/Irregul%C3%A4r_Galaxie" title="Irregulär Galaxie">Irregulärer Galaxie</a>, an deene Stären entstinn. Si si seele méi al wéi e puer honnert Millioune Joer, well si ginn duerch Zesummenstéiss mat anere Stärekéip oder Gaswolleken zerstéiert. </p><p>Jonk oppe Stärekéip kënnen ëmmer nach an der Moleküllwollek sinn, aus där si entstane sinn. Dës ginn doduerch opgehellt an et entsteet en <a href="/wiki/H-II-Gebitt" title="H-II-Gebitt">H-II-Gebitt</a>. Dogéint féiert de Stralendrock vun de Stären dozou, datt d'Moleküllwollek zerstreet gëtt. Fir gewéinlech ginn 10 % vun der Gaswollekemass fir d'Stäregebuerte benotzt, nach ir de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stralungsdrock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stralungsdrock (Säit gëtt et net)">Stralungsdrock</a> de Rescht zerstreet. </p><p>Fir d'Ënnersiche vun der Stäregebuert sinn oppe Stärekéip ganz wichteg Objeten. De Grond heifir läit doran, datt d'Stären all ongeféier de selwechten Alter an déi selwecht <a href="/wiki/Element_(Chimie)" title="Element (Chimie)">cheemesch Zesummesetzung</a> hunn. Sou fale kleng Ënnerscheeder vun den Eegenschafte méi séier op, wéi wann een nëmmen isoléiert Stäre kuckt. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Observatiounsgeschicht">Observatiounsgeschicht</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt änneren: Observatiounsgeschicht" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Observatiounsgeschicht"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De bekanntsten oppene Stärekoup sinn d'<a href="/wiki/Plejaden" class="mw-disambig" title="Plejaden">Plejaden</a> a gi schonn zanter der Antiquitéit als Grupp vu Stären opgefaasst. Anerer goufen als Liichtfleck observéiert, konnten awer eréischt mat der Erfindung vum <a href="/wiki/Teleskop" title="Teleskop">Teleskop</a> als Stärekoup identifizéiert ginn. No weideren Observatioune goufen d'Stärekéip an zwou verschidde Klassen ënnerdeelt. Déi eng bestinn aus Dausende vu Stären mat enger reegelméisseger, kugelfërmeger Gestalt a goufen haaptsächlech am Zentrum vun der <a href="/wiki/M%C3%ABllechstrooss" title="Mëllechstrooss">Mëllechstrooss</a> fonnt. Déi aner Gruppen hu manner Stären, eng onreegelméisseg Form an et fënnt ee s'iwwerall um Himmel. An der éischter Grupp sinn <a href="/wiki/Kugelst%C3%A4rekoup" title="Kugelstärekoup">Kugelstärekéip</a> an an der zweeter sinn d'oppe Stärekéip. Oppe Stärekéip ginn heiansdo och galaktesch Kéip genannt, well e se bal nëmmen um <a href="/wiki/Galaktesche_Plang" title="Galaktesche Plang">galaktesche Plang</a> vun der Mëllechstrooss fënnt. </p><p>Et gouf festgestallt, datt d'Stären an engem oppene Stärekoup änlech Eegenschaften hunn. De Geeschtleche <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Michel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Michel (Säit gëtt et net)">John Michel</a> hat <a href="/wiki/1767" title="1767">1767</a> d'Warscheinlechkeet, datt eng Stäregrupp wéi d'Plejaden nëmmen eng zoufälleg Glidderung um Stärenhimmel wier, mat 1 zu 496.000 berechent. Wéi d'<a href="/wiki/Astrometrie" title="Astrometrie">Astrometrie</a> méi genee ginn ass, gouf erausfonnt, datt sech all d'Stären am Koup mat der selwechter <a href="/wiki/Eegebeweegung" title="Eegebeweegung">Eegebeweegung</a> duerch den Nuetshimmel beweegen. Duerch <a href="/wiki/Astrospektroskopie" title="Astrospektroskopie">spektroskopesch</a> Observatioune gouf och déi selwecht <a href="/wiki/Radialvitess" title="Radialvitess">Radialvitess</a> ermëttelt. Doraus gouf geschloss, datt d'Stären zur selwechter Zäit entstane sinn an als Grupp matenee verbonne sinn. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genesis">Genesis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt änneren: Genesis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Genesis"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All Stären entstinn aus <a href="/wiki/Duebelst%C3%A4r" title="Duebelstär">Méifachstäresystemer</a>, well nëmme Gaswolleke mat enger villfacher <a href="/wiki/Sonnemass" title="Sonnemass">Sonnemass</a> si schwéier genuch, fir ënner hirer eegener <a href="/wiki/Gravitatioun" title="Gravitatioun">Schwéierkraaft</a> ze kollabréieren, dogéint kann awer sou eng schwéier Wollek net zu engem eenzele Stär kollabréieren. </p><p>D'Genesis vun engem oppene Stärekoup fänkt mam Kollaps vun engem Deel vun enger <a href="/w/index.php?title=Molek%C3%BCllewollekl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moleküllewollekl (Säit gëtt et net)">Risemoleküllewollek</a>, enger Gaswollek mat dem Gewiicht vun e puer dausend Sonnemassen un. Vill Faktore kënnen den Ausléiser dofir sinn. Soubal d'Risemoleküllewollek ufänkt ze kollabréieren, fänkt d'Stäregebuert duerch d'Bildung vun ëmmer méi klenge Fragmenter un an aus deenen um Enn vläicht en ettlech dausend Stären entstinn. An der <a href="/wiki/M%C3%ABllechstrooss" title="Mëllechstrooss">Mëllechstrooss</a> bilde sech oppe Stärekéip all puer dausend Joer. </p><p>Soubal déi éischt Stären entstane sinn, stoussen déi gréisst a gliddegst Stären eng enorm Mass <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultraviolettstralung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ultraviolettstralung (Säit gëtt et net)">ultraviolett Stralung</a> aus. Dës Stralung ioniséiert de Gas ëm Risemoleküllewollek, wouduerch sech en <a href="/wiki/H-II-Gebitt" title="H-II-Gebitt">H-II-Gebitt</a> bilt. De <a href="/wiki/Sonnewand" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonnewand">Stärewand</a> vun de schwéiere Stären an de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stralungsdrock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stralungsdrock (Säit gëtt et net)">Stralungsdrock</a> verdrängen dee Gass. No e puer Millioune Joer kënnt et zu der éischter <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a> vun engem Stär, wouduerch weider Gas aus dem System erausgeschleidert gëtt. No en ettlechen Zéngmillioune Joer ass nëmmen nach sou vill Gas iwwereg, datt et net méi zu enger Stäregebuert komme kann. Meeschtens gi vum ufängleche Gas nëmmen 10 % fir d'Stärebildung benotzt. De Rescht gëtt ewechgeblosen. </p><p>An der Reegel bilde sech aus enger Moleküllewollek zwéin oder méi oppe Stärekéip. An der <a href="/wiki/Magellanesch_Wolleken" title="Magellanesch Wolleken">grousser Magellanescher Wollek</a> si souwuel <a href="/wiki/Hodge_301" title="Hodge 301">Hodge 301</a> wéi och <a href="/w/index.php?title=R136&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="R136 (Säit gëtt et net)">R136</a> aus Gase vum <a href="/wiki/30_Doradus" class="mw-redirect" title="30 Doradus">Tarantelniwwel</a> ervirgaangen. E Beispill aus eiser Galaxis sinn d'<a href="/wiki/Hyaden_(Astronomie)" title="Hyaden (Astronomie)">Hyaden</a> an de <a href="/wiki/Messier_44" title="Messier 44">Praesepe</a>. Duerch Zeréckverfollgung vun hirer Beweegung gëtt ugeholl, datt si sech aus der selwechter Wollek viru 600 Millioune Joer gebilt hunn. </p><p>Heiansdo forme sech zwéi Stärekéip, déi an der selwechter Zäit entstane sinn a bilde sougenannt <a href="/wiki/Duebelst%C3%A4rekoup" title="Duebelstärekoup">Duebelstärekéip</a>. Dat bekanntst Beispill an der Mëllechstrooss ass den Duebelstärekoup <a href="/wiki/H_Persei" title="H Persei">h Persei</a> an de <a href="/wiki/Chi_Persei" class="mw-redirect" title="Chi Persei">Chi Persei</a>, weider zéng Duebelstärekéip si bekannt. Et goufen der en ettlech an der klenger an an der grousser Magellanescher Wollek fonnt. Si sinn an anere Galaxië méi einfach ze fannen, well <a href="/w/index.php?title=Projektiounseffet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Projektiounseffet (Säit gëtt et net)">Projektiounseffeter</a> an der Mëllechstrooss dozou féiere kënnen, datt Stären, déi net zesumme gehéieren, sou wierken, wéi wa se dicht niewenenee géife stoen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gestalt_a_Klassifikatioun">Gestalt a Klassifikatioun</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt änneren: Gestalt a Klassifikatioun" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Gestalt a Klassifikatioun"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>D'Zuel vun de Stären an engem oppene Stärekoup variéiert tëscht e puermol zéng Stäre bis hin zu groussen Usammlunge vun e puer dausend Stären. Si hu meeschtens en dichte Kär, ëm deen eng Korona aus weidere Stären ass. De Kär huet meeschtens en Duerchmiesser vun 3 bis 4 <a href="/wiki/Liichtjoer" title="Liichtjoer">Liichtjoer</a>, wärend d'Korona op enger Distanz vu ronn 20 Liichtjoer vum Zentrum ass. Am Kär si ronn 1,5 Stäre pro <a href="/wiki/Kubikliichtjoer" title="Kubikliichtjoer">Kubikliichtjoer</a> (d'Stärendicht am Gebitt ëm eis Sonn ass zirka 0,0035 Stäre pro Kubikliichtjoer) </p><p>Oppe Stärekéip gi meeschtens no engem vum <a href="/wiki/Robert_Julius_Trumpler" title="Robert Julius Trumpler">Robert Trumpler</a> entwéckelte Schema vun <a href="/wiki/1930" title="1930">1930</a> klassifizéiert. Dofir sinn dräi Donnéeën néideg. Déi <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9imesch_Zuelen" title="Réimesch Zuelen">Réimesch Zuele</a> vun I-IV ginn d'Konzentratioun a Lassléisung vum ëmleiende Stärefeld un (vu staark bis schwaach Konzentréiert). Déi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabesch_Zifferen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabesch Zifferen (Säit gëtt et net)">Arabesch Ziffere</a> vun 1 bis 3 ginn un, wéi staark sech déi eenzel Stären an hiren Hellegkeeten ënnerscheeden (vu wéineg bis staark). D'Buschtawe p, m, oder r ginn un ob de Kluster wéineg (poor), duerchschnëttlech (medium) oder vill (rich) Stären huet. En 'n' bedeit, datt de Kluster an engem <a href="/wiki/Niwwel_(Astronomie)" title="Niwwel (Astronomie)">Niwwel</a> läit. No dësem Schema sinn d'Plejade beispillsweis als I3rn klassifizéiert (staark konzentréiert mat räicher Populatioun an engem Niwwel), d'Hyaden si klassifizéiert als II3m (méi zerstreet a manner Stären) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zuel_a_Verdeelung">Zuel a Verdeelung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt änneren: Zuel a Verdeelung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Zuel a Verdeelung"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Et sinn iwwer 1.000 oppe Stärekéip an der <a href="/wiki/Galaxis" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxis">Galaxis</a> bekannt, awer déi real Zuel dierft bis zu zéngmol méi héich sinn. An de <a href="/wiki/Spiralgalaxie" title="Spiralgalaxie">Spiralgalaxien</a> sinn si bal nëmmen an de Spiraläerm ze fannen. Grond ass et, datt hei wéinst der héijer Gasdicht déi meescht Stäre entstinn an d'Stärekéip nees verginn, ier se déi Säit vun de Spiraläerm kënne geroden. Si sinn an der Galaxis um <a href="/wiki/Galaktesche_Plang" title="Galaktesche Plang">galaktesche Plang</a> konzentréiert mat enger Héichtegréisst vu ronn 180 Liichtjoer (verglach mam Radius vun der Mëllechstrooss vu ronn 100.000 Liichtjoer) </p><p>An <a href="/wiki/Irregul%C3%A4r_Galaxie" title="Irregulär Galaxie">Irreguläre Galaxien</a> kann een oppe Stärekéip iwwerall fannen. Hir Konzentratioun ass do am gréissten, wou och d'Gaskonzentratioun am héchsten ass. Et fënnt een si awer net an <a href="/wiki/Elliptesch_Galaxie" title="Elliptesch Galaxie">elliptesche Galaxien</a>, well hei de Stäregenesisprozess viru ville Joren opgehalen huet, soudatt sech all oppe Stärekéip schonn opgeléist hunn. </p><p>An der Galaxis hänkt d'Verdeelung vum Alter of. Eeler Stärekéip gi meeschtens op gréissere Distanze vum <a href="/wiki/Galakteschen_Zentrum" title="Galakteschen Zentrum">galakteschen Zentrum</a> fonnt. D'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gez%C3%A4itekraaft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gezäitekraaft (Säit gëtt et net)">Gezäitekraaften</a> sinn an der Géigend vun eisem Galaxiszentrum méi staark, soudatt d'Stärekéip vill méi liicht zerstéiert ginn. Weiderhin sinn d'Risemolekülwolleken, déi och d'oppe Stärekéip zerstéiere kënnen, éischter an de bannenzege Regioune vun der Galaxis konzentréiert. Also verginn déi meescht Stärekéip vill méi fréi an de bannenzege Regioune vun der Galaxis wéi déi an de baussenzege Regiounen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zesummesetzung_vun_de_Stären"><span id="Zesummesetzung_vun_de_St.C3.A4ren"></span>Zesummesetzung vun de Stären</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt änneren: Zesummesetzung vun de Stären" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Zesummesetzung vun de Stären"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Well sech oppe Stärekéip zerstreeën, ier déi meescht vun hire Stäre stierwen, kënnt dat meeschte Liicht vu jonke, gliddeg bloe Stären. Dës Stäre sinn déi schwéierst an hunn déi kierzest Liewenserwaardung vun e puer zéng Millioune Joer. Eeler oppe Stärekéip hunn dogéint méi giel Stäre. </p><p>An en ettlechen oppene Stärekéip si gliddeg blo Stären, déi méi jonk schéngen, wéi hir iwwereg Stäre. Dës <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blo_Nozigler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blo Nozigler (Säit gëtt et net)">blo Nozigler</a> ginn och an de Kugelstärekéip observéiert. Et gëtt ugeholl, datt si entstinn, wa Stäre kollidéieren a verschmëlzen, an dobäi e wiesentlech gliddegen a méi schwéiere Stär bilden. Op jidde Fall ass d'Stärendicht vill méi kleng wéi an de Kugelstärekéip, soudatt Stärekollisiounen net d'Zuel un Noziegler erkläre kann. Et gëtt éischter ugeholl, datt déi meescht hiren Urspronk an engem Duebelstäresystem hunn. Wiesselwierkunge vum Duebelstäresystem mat anere Stäre féieren dann zu der Verschmëlzung vu béide Stäre zu engem Stär. </p><p>Soubal e Stär säi <a href="/wiki/Waasserstoff" title="Waasserstoff">Waasserstoffreservoir</a> opgebraucht huet an domat d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%A4rfusioun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kärfusioun (Säit gëtt et net)">Kärfusioun</a> net méi geschéie kann, stéisst hie seng baussenzeg Schichten of a bilt e <a href="/wiki/Planetareschen_Niwwel" title="Planetareschen Niwwel">Planetareschen Niwwel</a> mat engem <a href="/wiki/W%C3%A4issen_Zwerg" title="Wäissen Zwerg">wäissen Zwerg</a> am Kär. Déi meescht oppe Stärekéip ginn awer zerstreet, ier vill vun hire Stäre de Stadium vun engem wäissen Zwerg erreechen. Dobäi ass d'Zuel vun de wäissen Zwergen an oppene Stärekéip nach eng Kéier vill méi kleng wéi erwaart. Eng méiglech Erklärung ass déi follgend: Wann e <a href="/wiki/Roude_Ris" title="Roude Ris">Roude Ris</a> seng baussenzeg Schichten ofstéisst an e planetaresche Niwwel bilt, reecht eng kleng Asymmetrie vum ofgestoussenem Material aus, fir dem iwwereg gebliwwene Stär e Stouss vun e puer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meter_pro_Sekonn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meter pro Sekonn (Säit gëtt et net)">Kilometer pro Sekonn</a> ze ginn. Dësen ass staark genuch, fir hien aus dem Koup entkommen ze loossen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="D'Enn_vun_den_oppene_Stärekéip"><span id="D.27Enn_vun_den_oppene_St.C3.A4rek.C3.A9ip"></span>D'Enn vun den oppene Stärekéip</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Abschnitt änneren: D'Enn vun den oppene Stärekéip" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: D'Enn vun den oppene Stärekéip"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Nursery_of_New_Stars_-_GPN-2000-000972.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Nursery_of_New_Stars_-_GPN-2000-000972.jpg/220px-Nursery_of_New_Stars_-_GPN-2000-000972.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Nursery_of_New_Stars_-_GPN-2000-000972.jpg/330px-Nursery_of_New_Stars_-_GPN-2000-000972.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Nursery_of_New_Stars_-_GPN-2000-000972.jpg/440px-Nursery_of_New_Stars_-_GPN-2000-000972.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1127" data-file-height="1201" /></a><figcaption>Den <a href="/wiki/NGC_604" title="NGC 604">NGC 604</a> am <a href="/wiki/Messier_33" title="Messier 33">Dräiecksniwwel</a> ass e massegen oppene Stärekoup. Ronderëm läit en <a href="/wiki/H-II-Gebitt" title="H-II-Gebitt">H-II-Gebitt</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>D'Zäitspan, wou e Stärekoup lieft, hänkt haaptsächlech vu senger Ufangsmass of. Vill oppe Stärekéip sinn zanter hirer Genesis instabil. Hir ganz Mass ass sou kleng, datt d'<a href="/wiki/Kosmesch_Vitess" title="Kosmesch Vitess">Fluchtvitess</a> aus dësem System méi kleng ass wéi déi duerchschnëttlech Vitess vun hire Stären. Déi Stärekéip léise sech an der Zäit vun e puer Millioune Joer op. Well de Gas ronderëm vum Stralendrock vun de jonke gliddege Stären ewechgeblose gëtt, reduzéiert sech d'Mass, soudatt eng séier Zerstreeung méiglech ass. </p><p>Stärekéip mat enger ausreechend grousser Mass, fir d'Stäre duerch d'Gravitatioun stänneg ze bannen, kënnen ettlech zéng Millioune Joer existéieren, awer och hei féieren intern an extern Prozesser dozou, datt si lues a lues zerstreet ginn. Kommen sech Stäre ze no, féiert dat dacks dozou, datt d'Vitess vun engem Stär méi grouss gëtt, d'Fluchtvitess vum Stärekoup iwwerschridde gëtt an hien doduerch fortkomme kann. Dat féiert zu enger lueser Opléisung vum Stärekoup. Jee no der Ufanksdicht, dauert d'Zäitspan bis zum Verloscht vun der Hallschent vun de Stäre vun 150 bis 800 Millioune Joer. </p><p>Am Schnëtt gëtt all hallef Millioun Joer en oppene Stärekoup duerch e baussenzege Faktor, wéi zum Beispill den Zesummestouss mat enger Moleküllwollek, zerstéiert. Déi duerch d'Gravitatioun ervirgaange <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gez%C3%A4itekraaft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gezäitekraaft (Säit gëtt et net)">Gezäitekraaften</a> féieren dann zu der Zerstéierung vun der Koupstruktur. Da gëtt aus dem Stärekoup e Band aus Stären, déi zwar net enk genuch zesumme leien, fir als Koup bezeechent ze ginn, awer all matenee verbonne sinn a sech an déi selwecht Richtung beweegen. </p><p>Nodeems d'Gravitatioun sou schwaach ginn ass, datt se net méi ausreecht, fir d'Stären ze bannen, beweege sech déi meescht vun de Stäre ëmmer nach an déi selwecht Richtung. Sou eng <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A4renassociatioun" title="Stärenassociatioun">Stärenassociatioun</a> gëtt dann och Beweegungskoup oder Beweegungsstärekoup genannt. Vill vun den hellste Stäre am 'Plou' vum <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A4rebild" title="Stärebild">Stärebild</a> <a href="/wiki/Ursa_Major_(St%C3%A4rebild)" title="Ursa Major (Stärebild)">Ursa Major</a> ware fréier en oppene Stärekoup, déi elo eng labber Verbindung, d'<a href="/wiki/Ursa-Major-Grupp" title="Ursa-Major-Grupp">Ursa-Major-Grupp</a> duerstellen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ënnersich_vun_der_Stäregenesis"><span id=".C3.8Bnnersich_vun_der_St.C3.A4regenesis"></span>Ënnersich vun der Stäregenesis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Abschnitt änneren: Ënnersich vun der Stäregenesis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=7" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Ënnersich vun der Stäregenesis"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wann een d'Stäre vun engem oppene Stärekoup am <a href="/wiki/Hertzsprung-Russell-Diagramm" title="Hertzsprung-Russell-Diagramm">Hertzsprung-Russell-Diagramm</a> andréit, da leien si meeschtens op der <a href="/wiki/Haaptrei" title="Haaptrei">Haaptrei</a>. Déi schwéierst Stäre leien eppes nieft der Haaptrei a ginn <a href="/wiki/Roude_Ris" title="Roude Ris">Rout Risen</a>. D'Positioun vun dëse Stäre ka benotzt ginn, fir den Alter vum Stärekoup ze bestëmmen. </p><p>Well all Stäre an engem oppene Stärekoup ongeféier déi selwecht Distanz zu der <a href="/wiki/%C3%84erd" title="Äerd">Äerd</a> hunn an ongeféier zur selwechter Zäit aus dem selwechte Réimaterial entstane sinn, hänken d'Hellegkeetsdifferenzen nëmme vun den ënnerschiddleche Stäremassen of. Doduerch sinn oppe Stärekéip ganz nëtzlech, wann een d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=St%C3%A4rentw%C3%A9cklung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stärentwécklung (Säit gëtt et net)">Stärentwécklung</a> ënnersiche wëll. Wann een zwéin Stäre vun engem Stärekoup vergläiche wëll, falen déi meescht Parameter aus. </p><p>D'Ënnersich vun <a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">Lithium</a>- an <a href="/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium">Berylliumexistenzen</a> an oppene Stärekéip si wichteg Unhaltspunkte fir d'Evolutioun vun de Stären a vun hire bannenzege Strukturen. Wärend <a href="/wiki/Waasserstoff" title="Waasserstoff">Waasserstoffkäre</a> ënner enger Temperatur vun 10 Millioune <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> net zu <a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">Helium</a> fusionéiere kënnen, ginn Lithium a Beryllium schonn bei enger Temperatur vun 2,5 Millioune K an 3,5 Millioune K zerstéiert. Dat bedeit, datt hir Existenz staark dovun ofhänkt, wat am Stärekär geschitt. Aus den Donnéeën kann een op den Alter an déi cheemesch Zesummesetzung schléissen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distanzmiessung">Distanzmiessung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Abschnitt änneren: Distanzmiessung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=8" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Distanzmiessung"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fir en astronomeschen Objet ze verstoen, muss ee seng Distanz kennen. Déi no Stärekéip kënne mat zwou verschiddenen direkten Methode gemooss ginn. Zum enge kann een d'<a href="/wiki/Parallax" title="Parallax">Parallax</a> bestëmmen, also déi visuell Verrécklung vum Objet géigeniwwer ganz wäit geleeënen Objeten, déi eigentlech aus der Beweegung vun der Äerd ëm d'Sonn resultéiert. Déi zweet Method ass déi sougenannt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beweegungsst%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beweegungsstärekoup (Säit gëtt et net)">Beweegungsstärekoupmethod</a> (Stärestroumparallax, kuckt <a href="/wiki/Parallax" title="Parallax">Parallax</a>). Hei läit d'Tatsaach zu Gronn, datt sech d'Stäre an engem Stärekoup zesummen op ee kollektive <a href="/wiki/Fluchtpunkt" title="Fluchtpunkt">Fluchtpunkt</a> (Vertex) zoubeweegen. Et bestëmmt een elo aus de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektromagn%C3%A9itescht_Spektrum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektromagnéitescht Spektrum (Säit gëtt et net)">Stärespektren</a> mat Hëllef vun <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dopplereffet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dopplereffet (Säit gëtt et net)">Dopplereffetmiessunge</a> d'Radialvitess. Soubal een d'Radialvtessen, d'Eegebeweegung an den observéierte Wénkel vum Stärekoup zum Fluchtpunkt kennt, kann ee mat einfacher Trigonometrie d'Distanz berechnen. D'<a href="/wiki/Hyaden_(Astronomie)" title="Hyaden (Astronomie)">Hyaden</a> sinn dat bekanntst Beispill, bei deem déi Method applizéiert gouf. D'Distanz ass 46,3 <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">Parsec</a>. </p><p>Soubal d'Distanz vun noe Stärekéip bekannt ass, kënne fir méi grouss Distanzen Technike benotzt ginn, déi op déi erhalen Donnéeë bei noe Stärekéip opbauen. Vun de noe Stärekéip weess een, datt sech hir Stäre bei enger bekannter Distanz an der <a href="/wiki/Haaptrei" title="Haaptrei">Haaptrei</a> vum <a href="/wiki/Hertzsprung-Russell-Diagramm" title="Hertzsprung-Russell-Diagramm">Hertzsprung-Russell-Diagramm</a> aglidderen, a sou kann e liicht d'Distanz vu Stärekéip bestëmmen, déi sech vill méi wäit vun eiser Äerd ewech befannen. </p><p>Dee notsten oppene Stärekoup bei eiser Äerd sinn d'Hyaden. Si sinn awer éischter e Beweegungsstärekoup wéi en oppene Stärekoup. Deen am wäitsten oppene Stärekoup an der Mëllechstrooss ass de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berkeley_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berkeley 29 (Säit gëtt et net)">Berkeley 29</a> mat enger Distanz vu ronn 15,000 <a href="/wiki/Parsec" title="Parsec">Parsec</a>. Oppe Stärekéip fënnt een a ville Galaxien vun der <a href="/wiki/Lokal_Grupp" title="Lokal Grupp">Lokaler Grupp</a>. </p><p>Déi genee Distanz vun oppene Stärekéip ass wichteg, fir d'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Periode-Liichtkraaft-Bez%C3%A9iung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periode-Liichtkraaft-Bezéiung (Säit gëtt et net)">Periode-Liichtkraaft-Bezéiung</a> vu bestëmmte Gréisste vu verännerleche Stären (<a href="/wiki/Cepheiden" title="Cepheiden">Cepheiden</a> an <a href="/w/index.php?title=RR-Lyrae-St%C3%A4r&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RR-Lyrae-Stär (Säit gëtt et net)">RR-Lyrae-Stäre</a>) ze eichen. Dës Stäre si ganz hell a kënnen nach op ganz grousser Distanz ausgemaach ginn. Si ginn dofir als "Standardkäerze" benotzt, fir d'Distanze zu noe Galaxien an der Lokaler Grupp ze berechnen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Abschnitt änneren: Literatur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=9" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Literatur"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Battinelli P., Capuzzo-Dolcetta R. (1991), <i>Formation and evolutionary properties of the Galactic open cluster system</i>, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, v. 249, p. 76-83 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esoads.eso.org/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1991MNRAS.249...76B&db_key=AST&link_type=ARTICLE">PDF</a> (<a href="/wiki/Astrophysics_Data_System" title="Astrophysics Data System">ADS</a>)</li> <li>van den Bergh S., McClure R.D. (1980), <i>Galactic distribution of the oldest open clusters</i>, Astronomy & Astrophysics, v.88, p. 360 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esoads.eso.org/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1980A%26A....88..360V&db_key=AST&link_type=ARTICLE">PDF</a> (<a href="/wiki/Astrophysics_Data_System" title="Astrophysics Data System">ADS</a>)</li> <li>Bragaglia A., Held E.V., Tosi M. (2005), <i>Radial velocities and membership of stars in the old, distant open cluster Berkeley 29</i>, Astronomy and Astrophysics, v. 429, p. 881-886</li> <li>Brown A.G.A. (2001), <i>Open clusters and OB associations: a review</i>, Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica, v. 11, p89-96 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdsads.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?bibcode=2001RMxAC..11...89B&data_type=PDF_HIGH&type=PRINTER&filetype=.pdf">PDF</a> (<a href="/wiki/Astrophysics_Data_System" title="Astrophysics Data System">ADS</a>)</li> <li>Dias W.S., Alessi B.S., Moitinho A., Lépine J.R.D. (2002), <i>New catalogue of optically visible open clusters and candidates</i>, Astronomy and Astrophysics, v. 389, p. 871-873</li> <li>Eggen O. J. (1960), <i>Stellar groups, VII. The structure of the Hyades group</i>, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, v. 120, p. 540</li> <li>Fellhauer M., Lin D.N.C., Bolte M., Aarseth S.J., Williams K.A. (2003), <i>The White Dwarf Deficit in Open Clusters: Dynamical Processes</i>, The Astrophysical Journal, v. 595, pp. L53-L56</li> <li>de La Fuente M.R. (1998), <i>Dynamical Evolution of Open Star Clusters</i>, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, v. 110, pp. 1117–1117</li> <li>Hanson R.B. (1975), <i>A study of the motion, membership, and distance of the Hyades cluster</i>, Astronomical Journal, v. 80, p. 379-401</li> <li>Janes K.A., Phelps R.L. (1980), <i>The galactic system of old star clusters: The development of the galactic disk</i>, The Astronomical Journal, v. 108, p. 1773-1785</li> <li>Michell J. (1767), <i>An Inquiry into the probable Parallax, and Magnitude, of the Fixed Stars, from the Quantity of Light which they afford us, and the particular Circumstances of their Situation</i>, Philosophical Transactions, v. 57, p. 234-264</li> <li>Nilakshi S.R., Pandey A.K., Mohan V. (2002), <i>A study of spatial structure of galactic open star clusters</i>, Astronomy and Astrophysics, v. 383, p. 153-162</li> <li>Subramaniam A., Gorti U., Sagar R., Bhatt H. C. (1995), <i>Probable binary open star clusters in the Galaxy</i>, Astronomy and Astrophysics, v.302, p. 86</li> <li>Trumpler R.J. (1930), <i>Preliminary results on the distances, dimensions and space distribution of open star clusters</i>, Lick Observatory bulletin no. 420, Berkeley: University of California Press, p. 154-188</li> <li>Vandenberg, D.A., Stetson P.B. (2004), <i>On the Old Open Clusters M67 and NGC 188: Convective Core Overshooting, Color-Temperature Relations, Distances, and Ages</i>, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, v. 116, pp. 997–1011</li> <li>Whitmore, B.C. (2003), <i>The Formation of Star Clusters</i>, In: A decade of Hubble Space Telescope science, ed. Mario Livio, Keith Noll, Massimo Stiavelli. Space Telescope Science Institute symposium series, Vol. 14. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 153 - 178, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:Bicher_mat_hirer_ISBN_sichen/0521824591" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0521824591</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0012546">preprint</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kuckt_och">Kuckt och</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Abschnitt änneren: Kuckt och" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oppene_St%C3%A4rekoup&action=edit&section=10" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Kuckt och"><span>Quelltext änneren</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Saturn_01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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