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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hobby_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Hobby uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hobby_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_care_and_adornment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_care_and_adornment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Personal care and adornment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_care_and_adornment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interstellar_medium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interstellar_medium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Interstellar medium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interstellar_medium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Limewater" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Limewater"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Limewater</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Limewater-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_risks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_risks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Health risks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_risks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Calcium hydroxide</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 68 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gebluste_kalk" title="Gebluste kalk – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gebluste kalk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="هيدروكسيد الكالسيوم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيدروكسيد الكالسيوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalsium_hidroksid" title="Kalsium hidroksid – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kalsium hidroksid" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="کلسیوم هیدروکسید – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کلسیوم هیدروکسید" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1" title="ক্যালসিয়াম হাইড্রোক্সাইড – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্যালসিয়াম হাইড্রোক্সাইড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%BAi-sng-ho%C3%A0_kh%C4%81-l%C3%BA-si%C3%BAm" title="Chúi-sng-hoà khā-lú-siúm – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chúi-sng-hoà khā-lú-siúm" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Калциев хидроксид – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Калциев хидроксид" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalcij-hidroksid" title="Kalcij-hidroksid – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kalcij-hidroksid" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidr%C3%B2xid_de_calci" title="Hidròxid de calci – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hidròxid de calci" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%87%C4%95" title="Кальций гидроксичĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кальций гидроксичĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxid_v%C3%A1penat%C3%BD" title="Hydroxid vápenatý – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hydroxid vápenatý" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A6sket_kalk" title="Læsket kalk – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Læsket kalk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciumhydroxid" title="Calciumhydroxid – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Calciumhydroxid" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaltsiumh%C3%BCdroksiid" title="Kaltsiumhüdroksiid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kaltsiumhüdroksiid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B2%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Υδροξείδιο του ασβεστίου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υδροξείδιο του ασβεστίου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3xido_de_calcio" title="Hidróxido de calcio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hidróxido de calcio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalcia_hidroksido" title="Kalcia hidroksido – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kalcia hidroksido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaltzio_hidroxido" title="Kaltzio hidroxido – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kaltzio hidroxido" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="کلسیم هیدروکسید – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کلسیم هیدروکسید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyde_de_calcium" title="Hydroxyde de calcium – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hydroxyde de calcium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3xido_de_calcio" title="Hidróxido de calcio – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hidróxido de calcio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%82%B0%ED%99%94_%EC%B9%BC%EC%8A%98" title="수산화 칼슘 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수산화 칼슘" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%AB%D5%A4%D6%80%D6%85%D6%84%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A4" title="Կալցիումի հիդրօքսիդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կալցիումի հիդրօքսիդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A1" title="कैल्सियम हाइड्रॉक्साइड – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कैल्सियम हाइड्रॉक्साइड" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalcijev_hidroksid" title="Kalcijev hidroksid – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kalcijev hidroksid" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalsium_hidroksida" title="Kalsium hidroksida – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kalsium hidroksida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idrossido_di_calcio" title="Idrossido di calcio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Idrossido di calcio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%93%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%93%D7%99" title="סידן הידרוקסידי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סידן הידרוקסידי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="კალციუმის ჰიდროქსიდი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კალციუმის ჰიდროქსიდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D3%99%D0%BA" title="Езілген әк – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Езілген әк" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Кальций гидроксиди – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кальций гидроксиди" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calx_exstincta" title="Calx exstincta – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Calx exstincta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalcija_hidroks%C4%ABds" title="Kalcija hidroksīds – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kalcija hidroksīds" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalcio_hidroksidas" title="Kalcio hidroksidas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kalcio hidroksidas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalcium-hidroxid" title="Kalcium-hidroxid – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kalcium-hidroxid" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Калциум хидроксид – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Калциум хидроксид" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="ചുണ്ണാമ്പ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചുണ്ണാമ്പ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalsium_hidroksida" title="Kalsium hidroksida – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kalsium hidroksida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciumhydroxide" title="Calciumhydroxide – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Calciumhydroxide" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8" title="चुन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चुन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%85%B8%E5%8C%96%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="水酸化カルシウム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="水酸化カルシウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalsiumhydroksid" title="Kalsiumhydroksid – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kalsiumhydroksid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wodorotlenek_wapnia" title="Wodorotlenek wapnia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wodorotlenek wapnia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3xido_de_c%C3%A1lcio" title="Hidróxido de cálcio – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hidróxido de cálcio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroxid_de_calciu" title="Hidroxid de calciu – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hidroxid de calciu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гидроксид кальция – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гидроксид кальция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8D" title="Испиэскэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Испиэскэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hydroxide" title="Calcium hydroxide – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Calcium hydroxide" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A" title="කැල්සියම් හයිඩ්‍රොක්සයිඩ් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කැල්සියම් හයිඩ්‍රොක්සයිඩ්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hydroxide" title="Calcium hydroxide – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Calcium hydroxide" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxid_v%C3%A1penat%C3%BD" title="Hydroxid vápenatý – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hydroxid vápenatý" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalcijev_hidroksid" title="Kalcijev hidroksid – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kalcijev hidroksid" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalcijum_hidroksid" title="Kalcijum hidroksid – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Kalcijum hidroksid" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalcijum_hidroksid" title="Kalcijum hidroksid – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kalcijum hidroksid" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalsiumhydroksidi" title="Kalsiumhydroksidi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kalsiumhydroksidi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalciumhydroxid" title="Kalciumhydroxid – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kalciumhydroxid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hydroxide" title="Calcium hydroxide – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Calcium hydroxide" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="கால்சியம் ஐதராக்சைடு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கால்சியம் ஐதராக்சைடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82_%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="కాల్షియం హైడ్రాక్సైడ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కాల్షియం హైడ్రాక్సైడ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="แคลเซียมไฮดรอกไซด์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคลเซียมไฮดรอกไซด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalsiyum_hidroksit" title="Kalsiyum hidroksit – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kalsiyum hidroksit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8E" title="Гідроксид кальцію – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гідроксид кальцію" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calci_hydroxide" title="Calci hydroxide – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Calci hydroxide" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%88%A3" title="氫氧化鈣 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="氫氧化鈣" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hydroxide" title="Calcium hydroxide – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Calcium hydroxide" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%99" title="氢氧化钙 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="氢氧化钙" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%88%A3" title="氫氧化鈣 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="氫氧化鈣" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%99" title="氢氧化钙 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="氢氧化钙" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q182849#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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title="Limewater">Limewater</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Inorganic compound of formula Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub></div> <p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1084375498">.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox{border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td,.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-chembox td+td{width:60%}</style> </p> <table class="infobox ib-chembox"> <caption>Calcium hydroxide </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding:2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Calcium_hydroxide.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Calcium hydroxide"><img alt="Calcium hydroxide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Calcium_hydroxide.jpg/220px-Calcium_hydroxide.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Calcium_hydroxide.jpg/330px-Calcium_hydroxide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Calcium_hydroxide.jpg/440px-Calcium_hydroxide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="558" data-file-height="441" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding:2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mg(OH)2Xray.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Mg%28OH%292Xray.jpg/220px-Mg%28OH%292Xray.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Mg%28OH%292Xray.jpg/330px-Mg%28OH%292Xray.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/da/Mg%28OH%292Xray.jpg 2x" data-file-width="438" data-file-height="404" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Names </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_nomenclature" title="Chemical nomenclature">IUPAC name</a> <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;">Calcium hydroxide</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;">Other names <div style="max-width:22em; word-wrap:break-word; padding-left:1.7em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Slaked lime</li><li>Milk of lime</li><li>Calcium(II) hydroxide</li><li>Pickling lime</li><li>Hydrated lime</li><li>Portlandite</li><li>Calcium hydrate</li><li>Calcium dihydroxide</li></ul></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Identifiers </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=1305-62-0">1305-62-0</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">3D model (<a href="/wiki/JSmol" class="mw-redirect" title="JSmol">JSmol</a>)</div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=%5BCa%2B2%5D.%5BOH-%5D.%5BOH-%5D">Interactive image</a></span></li><li><span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=%5BOH-%5D.%5BOH-%5D.%5BCa%2B2%5D">Interactive image</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=31341">CHEBI:31341</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.14094.html">14094</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA InfoCard"><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></a> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.013.762">100.013.762</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182849#P2566" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Community_number" title="European Community number"><span title="European Community number (chemical identifier)">EC Number</span></a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>215-13</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/E_number" title="E number"><span title="E number (food additive code)">E number</span></a> </td> <td>E526 <a href="/wiki/E_number#E500–E599" title="E number">(acidity regulators, ...)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Gmelin_database" title="Gmelin database">Gmelin Reference</a></div> </td> <td>846915 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/D01083">D01083</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> <abbr title="Compound ID">CID</abbr></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/14777">14777</a></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/RTECS" class="mw-redirect" title="RTECS">RTECS number</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>EW2800000</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/PF5DZW74VN">PF5DZW74VN</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/CompTox_Chemicals_Dashboard" title="CompTox Chemicals Dashboard">CompTox Dashboard</a> <span style="font-weight:normal">(<abbr title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</abbr>)</span></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="comptox.epa.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7034410">DTXSID7034410</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182849#P3117" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-align:left; font-weight:normal; background:transparent;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/Ca.2H2O/h;2*1H2/q+2;;/p-2<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key: AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></div></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.5em; text-align:left;"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1/Ca.2H2O/h;2*1H2/q+2;;/p-2</div><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key: AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-NUQVWONBAD</div></div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; text-align:left; font-weight:normal; background:transparent;"><div><a href="/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified molecular-input line-entry system">SMILES</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.6em; word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">[Ca+2].[OH-].[OH-]</div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="border-top:1px solid #ccc; padding:0.2em 0 0.2em 1.6em; word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">[OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2]</div></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Properties </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Chemical formula</a></div> </td> <td>Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>  </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Molar_mass" title="Molar mass">Molar mass</a> </td> <td>74.093<span class="nowrap"> </span>g/mol    </td></tr> <tr> <td>Appearance </td> <td>White powder </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Odor" title="Odor">Odor</a> </td> <td>Odorless </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Density" title="Density">Density</a> </td> <td>2.211<span class="nowrap"> </span>g/cm<sup>3</sup>, solid </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point">Melting point</a> </td> <td>580 °C (1,076 °F; 853 K) (loses water, decomposes) </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Aqueous_solution" title="Aqueous solution">Solubility in water</a></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1.89<span class="nowrap"> </span>g/L (0<span class="nowrap"> </span>°C)</li><li>1.73<span class="nowrap"> </span>g/L (20<span class="nowrap"> </span>°C)</li><li>0.66<span class="nowrap"> </span>g/L (100<span class="nowrap"> </span>°C)</li><li>(retrograde solubility, <i>i.e.</i>, unusually decreasing with T)</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Solubility_equilibrium" title="Solubility equilibrium">Solubility product</a> (<i>K</i><sub>sp</sub>) </div> </td> <td>5.02<span style="margin:0 .15em 0 .25em">×</span>10<sup>−6</sup> <sup id="cite_ref-crc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Solubility" title="Solubility">Solubility</a> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Soluble in <a href="/wiki/Glycerol" title="Glycerol">glycerol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acids</a>.</li><li>Insoluble in <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Acid_dissociation_constant" title="Acid dissociation constant">Acidity</a> (p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub>) </td> <td>p<i>K</i><sub>a1</sub> = 12.63<br />p<i>K</i><sub>a2</sub> = 11.57<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_susceptibility" title="Magnetic susceptibility">Magnetic susceptibility</a> (χ)</div> </td> <td>−22.0·10<sup>−6</sup><span class="nowrap"> </span>cm<sup>3</sup>/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Refractive_index" title="Refractive index">Refractive index</a> (<i>n</i><sub>D</sub>)</div> </td> <td>1.574 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Structure </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Crystal_structure" title="Crystal structure">Crystal structure</a></div> </td> <td>Hexagonal, <a href="/wiki/Pearson_symbol" title="Pearson symbol">hP3</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Space_group" title="Space group">Space group</a></div> </td> <td>P<span style="text-decoration:overline;">3</span>m1 No. 164 </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Lattice_constant" title="Lattice constant">Lattice constant</a></div> </td> <td><div><i>a</i> = 0.35853<span class="nowrap"> </span>nm, <i>c</i> = 0.4895<span class="nowrap"> </span>nm</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Thermochemistry </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_molar_entropy" title="Standard molar entropy">Std molar<br />entropy</a> <span style="font-size:112%;">(<i>S</i><sup>⦵</sup><sub>298</sub>)</span></div> </td> <td>83 J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><sup id="cite_ref-b1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_enthalpy_change_of_formation" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard enthalpy change of formation">Std enthalpy of<br />formation</a> <span style="font-size:112%;">(Δ<sub>f</sub><i>H</i><sup>⦵</sup><sub>298</sub>)</span></div> </td> <td>−987 kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup><sup id="cite_ref-b1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Hazards </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;"><a href="/wiki/Globally_Harmonized_System_of_Classification_and_Labelling_of_Chemicals" title="Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals"><b>GHS</b> labelling</a>: </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/GHS_hazard_pictograms" title="GHS hazard pictograms">Pictograms</a></div> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-acid.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="GHS05: Corrosive"><img alt="GHS05: Corrosive" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/GHS-pictogram-acid.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-acid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="724" data-file-height="724" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="GHS07: Exclamation mark"><img alt="GHS07: Exclamation mark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg/50px-GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg/75px-GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg/100px-GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Globally_Harmonized_System_of_Classification_and_Labelling_of_Chemicals#Signal_word" title="Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals">Signal word</a></div> </td> <td><b>Danger</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/GHS_hazard_statements" title="GHS hazard statements">Hazard statements</a></div> </td> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage">H314</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H335: May cause respiratory irritation">H335</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="H402: Harmful to aquatic life">H402</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/GHS_precautionary_statements" title="GHS precautionary statements">Precautionary statements</a></div> </td> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="P261: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.">P261</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.">P280</abbr>, <abbr class="abbr" title="P305+P351+P338: IF IN EYES: Rinse continuously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.">P305+P351+P338</abbr> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/NFPA_704" title="NFPA 704"><b>NFPA 704</b></a> (fire diamond) </td> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1170367383">.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-ref{float:right;padding:1px;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-container{width:82px;font-family:sans-serif;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-container-ref{float:left;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-images{float:left;font-size:20px;text-align:center;position:relative;height:80px;width:80px;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-map{position:absolute;height:80px;width:80px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond .noresize{margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-code{line-height:1em;text-align:center;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-code>a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-blue{width:13px;top:31px;left:15px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-red{width:12px;top:12px;left:35px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-yellow{width:13px;top:31px;left:54px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-image{position:relative;top:51px;left:0}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-text{vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;line-height:80%;position:absolute;top:52px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-text a>span{position:absolute;color:black}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-wors{font-size:15px;width:23px;left:29px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-wox{font-size:15px;font-stretch:condensed;width:21px;line-height:80%;top:-4px;left:29px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-abcp{font-size:13.5px;font-stretch:condensed;width:28px;left:26px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-ac{font-size:10px;width:30px;left:25px}.mw-parser-output .nfpa-704-diamond-white-strike{text-decoration:line-through}</style><div class="nfpa-704-diamond notheme"><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-container"><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-images nounderlines"> <div class="nfpa-704-diamond-map"><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="NFPA 704 four-colored diamond" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/80px-NFPA_704.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/120px-NFPA_704.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/160px-NFPA_704.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" usemap="#ImageMap_7b3d73138c259557" /></span><map name="ImageMap_7b3d73138c259557"><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Blue" shape="poly" coords="23,23,47,47,23,70,0,47" alt="Health 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gas" title="Health 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gas" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Red" shape="poly" coords="47,0,70,23,47,47,23,23" alt="Flammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. water" title="Flammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. water" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Yellow" shape="poly" coords="70,23,94,47,70,70,47,47" alt="Instability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogen" title="Instability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogen" /><area href="/wiki/NFPA_704#White" shape="poly" coords="47,47,70,70,47,94,23,70" alt="Special hazards (white): no code" title="Special hazards (white): no code" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-code nfpa-704-diamond-blue"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Blue" title="NFPA 704"><span title="Health 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gas" class="notheme mw-no-invert">3</span></a></div><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-code nfpa-704-diamond-red"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Red" title="NFPA 704"><span title="Flammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. water" class="notheme mw-no-invert">0</span></a></div><div class="nfpa-704-diamond-code nfpa-704-diamond-yellow"> <a href="/wiki/NFPA_704#Yellow" title="NFPA 704"><span title="Instability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogen" class="notheme mw-no-invert">0</span></a></div></div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Flash_point" title="Flash point">Flash point</a> </td> <td>Non-flammable </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;"><b>Lethal dose</b> or concentration (LD, LC): </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">LD<sub>50</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Lethal_dose#LD50" title="Lethal dose">median dose</a>)</div> </td> <td>7340<span class="nowrap"> </span>mg/kg (oral, rat) <br />7300<span class="nowrap"> </span>mg/kg (mouse) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background-color:#eaeaea;"><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health" title="National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health"><b>NIOSH</b></a> (US health exposure limits): </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Permissible_exposure_limit" title="Permissible exposure limit">PEL</a> (Permissible)</div> </td> <td>TWA 15<span class="nowrap"> </span>mg/m<sup>3</sup> (total) 5<span class="nowrap"> </span>mg/m<sup>3</sup> (resp.)<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Recommended_exposure_limit" title="Recommended exposure limit">REL</a> (Recommended)</div> </td> <td>TWA 5<span class="nowrap"> </span>mg/m<sup>3</sup><sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left:1em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/IDLH" class="mw-redirect" title="IDLH">IDLH</a> (Immediate danger)</div> </td> <td>N.D.<sup id="cite_ref-PGCH_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PGCH-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Safety_data_sheet" title="Safety data sheet">Safety data sheet</a> (SDS) </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-avantormaterials_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-avantormaterials-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Related compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Other <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">cations</a></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Magnesium_hydroxide" title="Magnesium hydroxide">Magnesium hydroxide</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Strontium_hydroxide" title="Strontium hydroxide">Strontium hydroxide</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Barium_hydroxide" title="Barium hydroxide">Barium hydroxide</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Related <a href="/wiki/Base_(chemistry)" title="Base (chemistry)">bases</a></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Calcium_oxide" title="Calcium oxide">Calcium oxide</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #f8eaba; text-align: center;">Supplementary data page </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Calcium_hydroxide_(data_page)" title="Calcium hydroxide (data page)">Calcium hydroxide (data page)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; background:#f8eaba; border:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their <a href="/wiki/Standard_state" title="Standard state">standard state</a> (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).</div> <div style="margin-top: 0.3em;"><div style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/12px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/18px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/24px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span> <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=476998783&page2=Calcium+hydroxide">verify</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chemicals/Chembox_validation" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation">what is</a> <sup><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup> ?) </div></div> <div style="margin-top: 0.3em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Chemical_infobox#References" title="Wikipedia:Chemical infobox">Infobox references</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chemical compound</div> <p><b>Calcium hydroxide</b> (traditionally called <b>slaked lime</b>) is an <a href="/wiki/Inorganic_compound" title="Inorganic compound">inorganic compound</a> with the chemical formula <a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">Ca</a>(<a href="/wiki/Hydroxide" title="Hydroxide">OH</a>)<sub>2</sub>. It is a colorless crystal or white powder and is produced when quicklime (<a href="/wiki/Calcium_oxide" title="Calcium oxide">calcium oxide</a>) is mixed with <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>. Annually, approximately 125 million tons of calcium hydroxide are produced worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Calcium hydroxide has many names including <b>hydrated lime</b>, <b>caustic lime</b>, <b>builders' lime</b>, <b>slaked lime</b>, <b>cal</b>, and <b>pickling lime</b>. Calcium hydroxide is used in many applications, including food preparation, where it has been identified as <a href="/wiki/E_number" title="E number">E number</a> <b>E526</b>. <b>Limewater</b>, also called <b>milk of lime</b>, is the common name for a <a href="/wiki/Saturated_solution" class="mw-redirect" title="Saturated solution">saturated solution</a> of calcium hydroxide. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Solubility">Solubility</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Solubility"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Calcium hydroxide is modestly soluble in water, as seen for many dihydroxides. Its solubility increases from 0.66 g/L at 100 °C to 1.89 g/L at 0 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its <a href="/wiki/Solubility_product" class="mw-redirect" title="Solubility product">solubility product <i>K</i><sub>sp</sub></a> of 5.02<span style="margin:0 .15em 0 .25em">×</span>10<sup>−6</sup> at 25 °C,<sup id="cite_ref-crc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its dissociation in water is large enough that its solutions are basic according to the following dissolution reaction: </p> <dl><dd>Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> → Ca<sup>2+</sup> + 2 OH<sup>−</sup></dd></dl> <p>The solubility is affected by the <a href="/wiki/Common-ion_effect" title="Common-ion effect">common-ion effect</a>. Its solubility drastically decreases upon addition of hydroxide or calcium sources. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reactions">Reactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When heated to 512 °C, the <a href="/wiki/Partial_pressure" title="Partial pressure">partial pressure</a> of water in equilibrium with calcium hydroxide reaches 101<span class="nowrap"> </span>kPa (normal atmospheric pressure), which <a href="/wiki/Chemical_decomposition" title="Chemical decomposition">decomposes</a> calcium hydroxide into <a href="/wiki/Calcium_oxide" title="Calcium oxide">calcium oxide</a> and water:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> → CaO + H<sub>2</sub>O</dd></dl> <p>When carbon dioxide is passed through limewater, the solution takes on a milky appearance due to <a href="/wiki/Precipitation_(chemistry)" title="Precipitation (chemistry)">precipitation</a> of insoluble <a href="/wiki/Calcium_carbonate" title="Calcium carbonate">calcium carbonate</a>: </p> <dl><dd>Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub><sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>aq</i></span>)</sub> + CO<sub>2</sub><sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>g</i></span>)</sub> → CaCO<sub>3</sub><sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>s</i></span>)</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>l</i></span>)</sub></dd></dl> <p>If excess CO<sub>2</sub> is added: the following reaction takes place: </p> <dl><dd>CaCO<sub>3</sub><sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>s</i></span>)</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>l</i></span>)</sub> + CO<sub>2</sub><sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>g</i></span>)</sub> → <a href="/wiki/Calcium_bicarbonate" title="Calcium bicarbonate">Ca(HCO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a><sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>aq</i></span>)</sub></dd></dl> <p>The milkiness disappears since calcium bicarbonate is water-soluble. </p><p>Calcium hydroxide reacts with <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a>. This reaction is the basis of <a href="/wiki/Aerated_concrete" class="mw-redirect" title="Aerated concrete">aerated concrete</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It does not corrode <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a>, owing to <a href="/wiki/Passivation_(chemistry)" title="Passivation (chemistry)">passivation</a> of their surface. </p><p>Calcium hydroxide reacts with <a href="/wiki/Hydrochloric_acid" title="Hydrochloric acid">hydrochloric acid</a> to give <a href="/wiki/Calcium_hydroxychloride" title="Calcium hydroxychloride">calcium hydroxychloride</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Calcium_chloride" title="Calcium chloride">calcium chloride</a>. </p><p>In a process called <a href="/wiki/Sulfation" title="Sulfation">sulfation</a>, sulphur dioxide reacts with limewater: </p> <dl><dd>Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub><sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>aq</i></span>)</sub> + SO<sub>2</sub><sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>g</i></span>)</sub> → CaSO<sub>3</sub><sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>s</i></span>)</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>(<span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><i>l</i></span>)</sub></dd></dl> <p>Limewater is used in a process known as <a href="/wiki/Lime_softening" title="Lime softening">lime softening</a> to reduce water hardness. It is also used as a neutralizing agent in municipal waste water treatment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_and_preparation">Structure and preparation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Structure and preparation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CaOH2SEM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/CaOH2SEM.jpg/170px-CaOH2SEM.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/CaOH2SEM.jpg/255px-CaOH2SEM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/CaOH2SEM.jpg/340px-CaOH2SEM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="344" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Scanning_electron_microscopy" class="mw-redirect" title="Scanning electron microscopy">SEM</a> image of fractured hardened cement paste, showing plates of calcium hydroxide and needles of <a href="/wiki/Ettringite" title="Ettringite">ettringite</a> (micron scale)</figcaption></figure> <p>Calcium hydroxide adopts a <a href="/wiki/Polymeric" class="mw-redirect" title="Polymeric">polymeric</a> structure, as do all metal hydroxides. The structure is identical to that of Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub> (<i>brucite structure</i>); i.e., the <a href="/wiki/Cadmium_iodide" title="Cadmium iodide">cadmium iodide</a> motif. Strong <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_bond" title="Hydrogen bond">hydrogen bonds</a> exist between the layers.<sup id="cite_ref-G&W_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G&W-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Calcium hydroxide is produced commercially by treating (slaking) <a href="/wiki/Quicklime" class="mw-redirect" title="Quicklime">quicklime</a> with water: </p> <dl><dd><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1123817410">.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su{display:inline-block;font-size:80%;line-height:1;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su>span{display:block;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output sub.template-chem2-sub{font-size:80%;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output sup.template-chem2-sup{font-size:80%;vertical-align:0.65em}</style><span class="chemf nowrap">CaO + H<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>O → Ca(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></dd></dl> <p>Alongside the production of quicklime from <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> by <a href="/wiki/Calcination" title="Calcination">calcination</a>, this is one of the oldest known chemical reactions; evidence of <a href="/wiki/Prehistoric" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistoric">prehistoric</a> production dates back to at least 7000 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Calcium hydroxide is commonly used to prepare <a href="/wiki/Lime_mortar" title="Lime mortar">lime mortar</a>. </p><p>One significant application of calcium hydroxide is as a <a href="/wiki/Flocculation" title="Flocculation">flocculant</a>, in water and <a href="/wiki/Sewage_treatment" title="Sewage treatment">sewage treatment</a>. It forms a fluffy charged solid that aids in the removal of smaller particles from water, resulting in a clearer product. This application is enabled by the low cost and low toxicity of calcium hydroxide. It is also used in fresh-water treatment for raising the pH of the water so that pipes will not corrode where the base water is acidic, because it is self-regulating and does not raise the pH too much.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Another large application is in the paper industry, where it is an intermediate in the reaction in the production of sodium hydroxide. This conversion is part of the <i>causticizing</i> step in the <a href="/wiki/Kraft_process#Recovery_process" title="Kraft process">Kraft process</a> for making pulp. In the causticizing operation, burned lime is added to <i><a href="/wiki/Green_liquor" title="Green liquor">green liquor</a></i>, which is a solution primarily of <a href="/wiki/Sodium_carbonate" title="Sodium carbonate">sodium carbonate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sodium_sulfate" title="Sodium sulfate">sodium sulfate</a> produced by dissolving <i>smelt</i>, which is the molten form of these chemicals from the recovery furnace.<sup id="cite_ref-G&W_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G&W-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Orchard" title="Orchard">orchard</a> crops, calcium hydroxide is used as a fungicide. Applications of 'lime water' prevent the development of cankers caused by the fungal pathogen <i><a href="/wiki/Neonectria_galligena" class="mw-redirect" title="Neonectria galligena">Neonectria galligena</a></i>. The trees are sprayed when they are dormant in winter to prevent toxic burns from the highly reactive calcium hydroxide. This use is authorised in the European Union and the United Kingdom under Basic Substance regulations.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Calcium hydroxide is used in dentistry, primarily in the specialty of endodontics. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food_industry">Food industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Food industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because of its low <a href="/wiki/Toxicity" title="Toxicity">toxicity</a> and the mildness of its basic properties, slaked lime is widely used in the <a href="/wiki/Food_industry" title="Food industry">food industry</a>, </p> <ul><li>In USDA certified food production in plants and livestock<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>To clarify raw juice from <a href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sugar_beet" title="Sugar beet">sugar beets</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Sugar_industry" title="Sugar industry">sugar industry</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Carbonatation" title="Carbonatation">carbonatation</a>)</li> <li>To process water for alcoholic beverages and soft drinks</li> <li>To increase the rate of <a href="/wiki/Maillard_reaction" title="Maillard reaction">Maillard reactions</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pretzel" title="Pretzel">pretzels</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-nordicfoodlab_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nordicfoodlab-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickling" title="Pickling">Pickle</a> cucumbers and other foods</li> <li>To make Chinese <a href="/wiki/Century_egg" title="Century egg">century eggs</a></li> <li>In maize preparation: removes the cellulose hull of maize kernels (see <a href="/wiki/Nixtamalization" title="Nixtamalization">nixtamalization</a>)</li> <li>To clear a <a href="/wiki/Brine" title="Brine">brine</a> of <a href="/wiki/Carbonate" title="Carbonate">carbonates</a> of calcium and <a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">magnesium</a> in the manufacture of salt for food and pharmaceutical uses</li> <li>In fortifying (Ca supplement) fruit drinks, such as orange juice, and <a href="/wiki/Infant_formula" title="Infant formula">infant formula</a></li> <li>As a substitute for <a href="/wiki/Baking_soda" class="mw-redirect" title="Baking soda">baking soda</a> in making <i><a href="/wiki/Papadam" title="Papadam">papadam</a></i></li> <li>In the removal of carbon dioxide from controlled atmosphere produce storage rooms</li> <li>In the preparation of mushroom growing substrates<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Native_American_uses">Native American uses</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Native American uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nixtamalized_Corn_maize_El_Salvador_recipe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nixtamalized_Corn_maize_El_Salvador_recipe.jpg/220px-Nixtamalized_Corn_maize_El_Salvador_recipe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nixtamalized_Corn_maize_El_Salvador_recipe.jpg/330px-Nixtamalized_Corn_maize_El_Salvador_recipe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nixtamalized_Corn_maize_El_Salvador_recipe.jpg/440px-Nixtamalized_Corn_maize_El_Salvador_recipe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1624" /></a><figcaption>Dry untreated maize (left), and treated maize (right) after boiling in water with calcium hydroxide (15<span class="nowrap"> </span>ml, or 1<span class="nowrap"> </span>tbsp, lime for 500<span class="nowrap"> </span>g of corn) for 15 minutes</figcaption></figure><p> In <a href="/wiki/Nahuatl" title="Nahuatl">Nahuatl</a>, the language of the <a href="/wiki/Aztecs" title="Aztecs">Aztecs</a>, the word for calcium hydroxide is <i>nextli</i>. In a process called <i><a href="/wiki/Nixtamalization" title="Nixtamalization">nixtamalization</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a> is cooked with nextli to become <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">nixtamal</i></span>, also known as <a href="/wiki/Hominy" title="Hominy">hominy</a>. Nixtamalization significantly increases the bioavailability of <a href="/wiki/Niacin_(nutrient)" class="mw-redirect" title="Niacin (nutrient)">niacin</a> (vitamin B3), and is also considered tastier and easier to digest. Nixtamal is often ground into a flour, known as <i><a href="/wiki/Masa" title="Masa">masa</a></i>, which is used to make tortillas and tamales.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Limewater is used in the preparation of maize for <a href="/wiki/Corn_tortillas" class="mw-redirect" title="Corn tortillas">corn tortillas</a> and other culinary purposes using a process known as <a href="/wiki/Nixtamalization" title="Nixtamalization">nixtamalization</a>. Nixtamalization makes the <a href="/wiki/Niacin" title="Niacin">niacin</a> nutritionally available and prevents <a href="/wiki/Pellagra" title="Pellagra">pellagra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditionally lime water was used in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> and <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> to preserve <a href="/wiki/Persimmon" title="Persimmon">persimmon</a> and to remove <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/astringency" class="extiw" title="wikt:astringency">astringency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 623">: 623 </span></sup> </p><p>In chewing <a href="/wiki/Coca_leaves" class="mw-redirect" title="Coca leaves">coca leaves</a>, calcium hydroxide is usually chewed alongside to keep the <a href="/wiki/Alkaloid" title="Alkaloid">alkaloid</a> <a href="/wiki/Stimulant" title="Stimulant">stimulants</a> chemically available for <a href="/wiki/Absorption_(small_intestine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Absorption (small intestine)">absorption</a> by the body. Similarly, Native Americans traditionally chewed tobacco leaves with calcium hydroxide derived from burnt mollusc shells to enhance the effects. It has also been used by some indigenous South American tribes as an ingredient in <i><a href="/wiki/Yopo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yopo">yopo</a></i>, a psychedelic snuff prepared from the beans of some <i><a href="/wiki/Anadenanthera" title="Anadenanthera">Anadenanthera</a></i> species.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Asian_uses">Asian uses</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Asian uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Calcium hydroxide is typically added to a bundle of <a href="/wiki/Areca_nut" title="Areca nut">areca nut</a> and <a href="/wiki/Betel" title="Betel">betel</a> leaf called "<a href="/wiki/Paan" class="mw-redirect" title="Paan">paan</a>" to keep the <a href="/wiki/Alkaloid" title="Alkaloid">alkaloid</a> <a href="/wiki/Stimulant" title="Stimulant">stimulants</a> chemically available to enter the bloodstream via <a href="/wiki/Sublingual" class="mw-redirect" title="Sublingual">sublingual</a> absorption. </p><p>It is used in making <i><a href="/wiki/Naswar" title="Naswar">naswar</a></i> (also known as <i>nass</i> or <i>niswar</i>), a type of dipping tobacco made from fresh tobacco leaves, calcium hydroxide (<i>chuna</i>/<i>choona</i> or <i>soon</i>), and wood ash. It is consumed most in the <a href="/wiki/Pashtun_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashtun people">Pathan</a> diaspora, <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>. Villagers also use calcium hydroxide to <a href="/wiki/Whitewash" title="Whitewash">paint their mud houses</a> in Afghanistan, Pakistan and India. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hobby_uses">Hobby uses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hobby uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In buon <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">fresco</a> painting, limewater is used as the colour solvent to apply on fresh plaster. Historically, it is known as the paint <a href="/wiki/Whitewash" title="Whitewash">whitewash</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dying_Gaul_(casting_in_Pushkin_museum)_04_by_shakko.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Dying_Gaul_%28casting_in_Pushkin_museum%29_04_by_shakko.jpg/220px-Dying_Gaul_%28casting_in_Pushkin_museum%29_04_by_shakko.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Dying_Gaul_%28casting_in_Pushkin_museum%29_04_by_shakko.jpg/330px-Dying_Gaul_%28casting_in_Pushkin_museum%29_04_by_shakko.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Dying_Gaul_%28casting_in_Pushkin_museum%29_04_by_shakko.jpg/440px-Dying_Gaul_%28casting_in_Pushkin_museum%29_04_by_shakko.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Closeup of cast of <i>The Dying Gaul</i>, showing distinctive hairstyle, supposedly derived from washing in limewater.</figcaption></figure> <p>Limewater is widely used by marine aquarists as a primary supplement of <a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">calcium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alkalinity" title="Alkalinity">alkalinity</a> for reef aquariums. <a href="/wiki/Coral" title="Coral">Corals</a> of order <a href="/wiki/Scleractinia" title="Scleractinia">Scleractinia</a> build their <a href="/wiki/Endoskeleton" title="Endoskeleton">endoskeletons</a> from <a href="/wiki/Aragonite" title="Aragonite">aragonite</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Polymorphism_(materials_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Polymorphism (materials science)">polymorph</a> of calcium carbonate). When used for this purpose, limewater is usually referred to as <i>Kalkwasser</i>. It is also used in <a href="/wiki/Tanning_(leather)" title="Tanning (leather)">tanning</a> and making <a href="/wiki/Parchment" title="Parchment">parchment</a>. The lime is used as a dehairing agent based on its alkaline properties.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_care_and_adornment">Personal care and adornment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Personal care and adornment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Treating one's hair with limewater causes it to stiffen and bleach, with the added benefit of killing any lice or mites living there. <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a> described the <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a> as follows: "Their aspect is terrifying... They are very tall in stature, with rippling muscles under clear white skin. Their hair is blond, but not only naturally so: they bleach it, to this day, artificially, washing it in lime and combing it back from their foreheads. They look like wood-demons, their hair thick and shaggy like a horse's mane. Some of them are clean-shaven, but others – especially those of high rank, shave their cheeks but leave a moustache that covers the whole mouth...".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Calcium hydroxide is also applied in a leather process called <a href="/wiki/Liming_(leather_processing)" title="Liming (leather processing)">liming</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interstellar_medium">Interstellar medium</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Interstellar medium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ion CaOH<sup>+</sup> has been detected in the atmosphere of <a href="/wiki/S-type_star" title="S-type star">S-type stars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Limewater">Limewater</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Limewater"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Limewater</b> is a saturated aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide is sparsely soluble at room temperature in water (1.5 g/L at 25 °C<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). "Pure" (i.e. less than or fully saturated) limewater is clear and colorless, with a slight earthy smell and an astringent/bitter taste. It is basic in nature with a <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> of 12.4. Limewater is named after <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>, not the <a href="/wiki/Lime_(fruit)" title="Lime (fruit)">lime fruit</a>. Limewater may be prepared by mixing calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>) with water and removing excess undissolved solute (e.g. by filtration). When excess calcium hydroxide is added (or when environmental conditions are altered, e.g. when its temperature is raised sufficiently), there results a milky solution due to the homogeneous suspension of excess calcium hydroxide. This liquid has been known traditionally as <b>milk of lime</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_risks">Health risks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Health risks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unprotected exposure to Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>, as with any strong <a href="/wiki/Base_(chemistry)" title="Base (chemistry)">base</a>, can cause skin burns, but it is not acutely toxic.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baralyme" title="Baralyme">Baralyme</a> (carbon dioxide absorbent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cement" title="Cement">Cement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lime_mortar" title="Lime mortar">Lime mortar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lime_plaster" title="Lime plaster">Lime plaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaster" title="Plaster">Plaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnesium_hydroxide" title="Magnesium hydroxide">Magnesium hydroxide</a> (less alkaline due to a lower solubility product)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soda_lime" title="Soda lime">Soda lime</a> (carbon dioxide absorbent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewash" title="Whitewash">Whitewash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Food_and_Cooking" title="On Food and Cooking">On Food and Cooking</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-crc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-crc_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-crc_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Rumble2018" class="citation book cs1">John Rumble (18 June 2018). <i>CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics</i> (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–188. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1138561632" title="Special:BookSources/978-1138561632"><bdi>978-1138561632</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CRC+Handbook+of+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.pages=5-188&rft.edition=99&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2018-06-18&rft.isbn=978-1138561632&rft.au=John+Rumble&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.periodensystem-online.de/index.php?show=list&id=acid&prop=pKb-Werte&sel=oz&el=92">"Sortierte Liste: pKb-Werte, nach Ordnungszahl sortiert. – Das Periodensystem online"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sortierte+Liste%3A+pKb-Werte%2C+nach+Ordnungszahl+sortiert.+%E2%80%93+Das+Periodensystem+online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.periodensystem-online.de%2Findex.php%3Fshow%3Dlist%26id%3Dacid%26prop%3DpKb-Werte%26sel%3Doz%26el%3D92&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chembuddy.com/?left=BATE&right=dissociation_constants">ChemBuddy dissociation constants pK<sub>a</sub> and pK<sub>b</sub></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetch1961" class="citation journal cs1">Petch, H. E. (1961). "The hydrogen positions in portlandite, Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>, as indicated by the electron distribution". <i>Acta Crystallographica</i>. <b>14</b> (9): 950–957. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1961AcCry..14..950P">1961AcCry..14..950P</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1107%2FS0365110X61002771">10.1107/S0365110X61002771</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Crystallographica&rft.atitle=The+hydrogen+positions+in+portlandite%2C+Ca%28OH%29%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3E%2C+as+indicated+by+the+electron+distribution&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=950-957&rft.date=1961&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1107%2FS0365110X61002771&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1961AcCry..14..950P&rft.aulast=Petch&rft.aufirst=H.+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-b1_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-b1_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZumdahl,_Steven_S.2009" class="citation book cs1">Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). <i>Chemical Principles 6th Ed</i>. 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Hong Kong: Chinese University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/962-201-860-2" title="Special:BookSources/962-201-860-2"><bdi>962-201-860-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/58840243">58840243</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+plants+of+China&rft.place=Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Chinese+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F58840243&rft.isbn=962-201-860-2&rft.aulast=Hu&rft.aufirst=Shiu-ying&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F58840243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Smet,_Peter_A._G._M.1985" class="citation journal cs1">de Smet, Peter A. G. M. (1985). "A multidisciplinary overview of intoxicating snuff rituals in the Western Hemisphere". <i>Journal of Ethnopharmacology</i>. <b>3</b> (1): 3–49. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0378-8741%2885%2990060-1">10.1016/0378-8741(85)90060-1</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3887041">3887041</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ethnopharmacology&rft.atitle=A+multidisciplinary+overview+of+intoxicating+snuff+rituals+in+the+Western+Hemisphere&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=3-49&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0378-8741%2885%2990060-1&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F3887041&rft.au=de+Smet%2C+Peter+A.+G.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Nature and Making of Parchment</i> by Ronald Reed <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://exploringcelticciv.web.unc.edu/diodorus-siculus-library-of-history/">"Diodorus Siculus, Library of History | Exploring Celtic Civilizations"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Diodorus+Siculus%2C+Library+of+History+%26%23124%3B+Exploring+Celtic+Civilizations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fexploringcelticciv.web.unc.edu%2Fdiodorus-siculus-library-of-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5B*.html">"Diodorus Siculus – Book V, Chapter 28"</a>. <i>penelope.uchicago.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=penelope.uchicago.edu&rft.atitle=Diodorus+Siculus+%E2%80%93+Book+V%2C+Chapter+28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpenelope.uchicago.edu%2FThayer%2FE%2FRoman%2FTexts%2FDiodorus_Siculus%2F5B%2A.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJørgensen1997" class="citation cs2">Jørgensen, Uffe G. (1997), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VW50otz5v8sC&pg=PA446">"Cool Star Models"</a>, in van Dishoeck, Ewine F. (ed.), <i>Molecules in Astrophysics: Probes and Processes</i>, International Astronomical Union Symposia. Molecules in Astrophysics: Probes and Processes, vol. 178, Springer Science & Business Media, p. 446, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/079234538X" title="Special:BookSources/079234538X"><bdi>079234538X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cool+Star+Models&rft.btitle=Molecules+in+Astrophysics%3A+Probes+and+Processes&rft.series=International+Astronomical+Union+Symposia.+Molecules+in+Astrophysics%3A+Probes+and+Processes&rft.pages=446&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=079234538X&rft.aulast=J%C3%B8rgensen&rft.aufirst=Uffe+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVW50otz5v8sC%26pg%3DPA446&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'Solubility of Inorganic and Metalorganic Compounds – A Compilation of Solubility Data from the Periodical Literature', A. Seidell, W. F. Linke, Van Nostrand (Publisher), 1953 <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calcium_hydroxide&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Lime_Association" class="citation web cs1">National Lime Association. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lime.org/documents/lime_basics/lime-physical-chemical.pdf">"Properties of typical commercial lime products. Solubility of calcium hydroxide in water"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>lime.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lime.org&rft.atitle=Properties+of+typical+commercial+lime+products.+Solubility+of+calcium+hydroxide+in+water.&rft.au=National+Lime+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lime.org%2Fdocuments%2Flime_basics%2Flime-physical-chemical.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Organic_Standards_Board_Technical_Advisory_Panel2002" class="citation journal cs1">National Organic Standards Board Technical Advisory Panel (4 April 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071031101142/http://www.omri.org/CaOH_final.pdf">"NOSB TAP Review: Calcium Hydroxide"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Organic Materials Review Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.omri.org/CaOH_final.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(.PDF)</span> on 31 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=NOSB+TAP+Review%3A+Calcium+Hydroxide&rft.date=2002-04-04&rft.au=National+Organic+Standards+Board+Technical+Advisory+Panel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.omri.org%2FCaOH_final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACalcium+hydroxide" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0092.html">CDC – NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards – Calcium Hydroxide</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120325005938/http://www.avantormaterials.com/documents/MSDS/usa/English/C0407_msds_us_Default.pdf">MSDS Data Sheet</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Calcium_compounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcium compounds">Calcium compounds</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hydrogen & halogens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_hydride" title="Calcium hydride">CaH<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_fluoride" title="Calcium fluoride">CaF<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_chloride" title="Calcium chloride">CaCl<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_hypochlorite" title="Calcium hypochlorite">Ca(ClO)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_chlorate" title="Calcium chlorate">Ca(ClO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_perchlorate" title="Calcium perchlorate">Ca(ClO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_bromide" title="Calcium bromide">CaBr<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_bromate" title="Calcium bromate">Ca(BrO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_iodide" title="Calcium iodide">CaI<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_iodate" title="Calcium iodate">Ca(IO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium(I)_chloride" title="Calcium(I) chloride">Ca<sup>I</sup>Cl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chalcogens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_oxide" title="Calcium oxide">CaO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_peroxide" title="Calcium peroxide">CaO<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_sulfide" title="Calcium sulfide">CaS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_sulfite" title="Calcium sulfite">CaSO<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_bisulfite" title="Calcium bisulfite">CaH<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_sulfate" title="Calcium sulfate">CaSO<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_selenide" title="Calcium selenide">CaSe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pnictogens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_nitride" title="Calcium nitride">Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_azide" title="Calcium azide">CaN<sub>6</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_nitrite" title="Calcium nitrite">Ca(NO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_nitrate" title="Calcium nitrate">Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_phosphide" title="Calcium phosphide">Ca<sub>3</sub>P<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_monophosphide" title="Calcium monophosphide">CaP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetracalcium_phosphate" title="Tetracalcium phosphate">Ca<sub>4</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricalcium_phosphate" title="Tricalcium phosphate">Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicalcium_phosphate" title="Dicalcium phosphate">CaHPO<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monocalcium_phosphate" title="Monocalcium phosphate">Ca(H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_pyrophosphate" title="Calcium pyrophosphate">Ca<sub>2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_arsenide" title="Calcium arsenide">CaAs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_arsenate" title="Calcium arsenate">Ca<sub>3</sub>(AsO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Group 13 & 14</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_carbide" title="Calcium carbide">CaC<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_cyanide" title="Calcium cyanide">Ca(CN)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_cyanamide" title="Calcium cyanamide">CaCN<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_carbonate" title="Calcium carbonate">CaCO<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_bicarbonate" title="Calcium bicarbonate">Ca(HCO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_monosilicide" title="Calcium monosilicide">CaSi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_disilicide" title="Calcium disilicide">CaSi<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_silicate" title="Calcium silicate">Ca<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_borate" title="Calcium borate">Ca<sub>3</sub>(BO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monocalcium_aluminate" title="Monocalcium aluminate">CaAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricalcium_aluminate" title="Tricalcium aluminate">Ca<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trans metals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_permanganate" title="Calcium permanganate">Ca(MnO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_chromate" title="Calcium chromate">CaCrO<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_titanate" title="Calcium titanate">CaTiO<sub>3</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_oxalate" title="Calcium oxalate">CaC<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_formate" title="Calcium formate">Ca(HCO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_acetate" title="Calcium acetate">Ca(CH<sub>3</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_propanoate" title="Calcium propanoate">Ca(C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_fumarate" title="Calcium fumarate">CaC<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_citrate" title="Calcium citrate">Ca<sub>3</sub>(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>7</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_glycerylphosphate" title="Calcium glycerylphosphate">C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>7</sub>CaO<sub>6</sub>P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_dobesilate" title="Calcium dobesilate">Ca(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>O<sub>5</sub>S)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_erythorbate" title="Calcium erythorbate">Ca(C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>7</sub>O<sub>6</sub>)<sub>2</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_inosinate" title="Calcium inosinate">C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>11</sub>CaN<sub>4</sub>O<sub>8</sub>P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_guanylate" title="Calcium guanylate">CaC<sub>10</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>4</sub>N<sub>5</sub>PO<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_diglutamate" title="Calcium diglutamate">C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>CaN<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_gluconate" title="Calcium gluconate">C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>22</sub>CaO<sub>14</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_glucoheptonate" title="Calcium glucoheptonate">C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>26</sub>CaO<sub>16</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_glubionate" title="Calcium glubionate">C<sub>18</sub>H<sub>32</sub>CaO<sub>19</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_stearate" title="Calcium stearate">C<sub>36</sub>H<sub>70</sub>CaO<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_fructoborate" title="Calcium fructoborate">C<sub>24</sub>H<sub>40</sub>B<sub>2</sub>CaO<sub>24</sub></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydroxides" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;table-layout:fixed;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hydroxides" title="Template:Hydroxides"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hydroxides" title="Template talk:Hydroxides"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hydroxides" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hydroxides"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydroxides" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hydroxide" title="Hydroxide">Hydroxides</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"><div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="overflow-x:auto"> <table class="center"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:mistyrose"> <td><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_water" title="Properties of water">HOH</a> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="11" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="5"> </td> <td>He </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose"> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithium_hydroxide" title="Lithium hydroxide">LiOH</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beryllium_hydroxide" title="Beryllium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Be(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boric_acid" title="Boric acid"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">B(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orthocarbonic_acid" title="Orthocarbonic acid"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">C(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Azorous_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Azorous acid (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">N(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ammonium_hydroxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Ammonium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">[NH<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub>]<sup class="template-chem2-sup">+</sup>OH<sup class="template-chem2-sup">−</sup></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Trioxidane" title="Trioxidane"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">O(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hypofluorous_acid" title="Hypofluorous acid">FOH</a> </td> <td>Ne </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose"> <td><a href="/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide" title="Sodium hydroxide">NaOH</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Magnesium_hydroxide" title="Magnesium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Mg(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aluminium_hydroxide" title="Aluminium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Al(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orthosilicic_acid" title="Orthosilicic acid"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Si(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phosphorous_acid" title="Phosphorous acid"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">P(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sulfur_dihydroxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulfur dihydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">S(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hypochlorous_acid" title="Hypochlorous acid">ClOH</a> </td> <td>Ar </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose"> <td><a href="/wiki/Potassium_hydroxide" title="Potassium hydroxide">KOH</a> </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ca(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scandium(III)_hydroxide" title="Scandium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Sc(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titanium(II)_hydroxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titanium(II) hydroxide (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ti(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titanium(III)_hydroxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titanium(III) hydroxide (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ti(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Titanium(IV)_hydroxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Titanium(IV) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ti(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(II)_hydroxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(II) hydroxide (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">V(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vanadium(III)_hydroxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vanadium(III) hydroxide (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">V(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromium(II)_hydroxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromium(II) hydroxide (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Cr(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chromium(III)_hydroxide" title="Chromium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Cr(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manganese(II)_hydroxide" title="Manganese(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Mn(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iron(II)_hydroxide" title="Iron(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Fe(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Iron(III)_hydroxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Iron(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Fe(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cobalt(II)_hydroxide" title="Cobalt(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Co(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nickel(II)_hydroxide" title="Nickel(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ni(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Copper(I)_hydroxide" title="Copper(I) hydroxide">CuOH</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Copper(II)_hydroxide" title="Copper(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Cu(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zinc_hydroxide" title="Zinc hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Zn(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gallium(III)_hydroxide" title="Gallium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ga(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Germanium(II)_hydroxide" title="Germanium(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ge(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arsenous_acid" title="Arsenous acid"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">As(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Se </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hypobromous_acid" title="Hypobromous acid">BrOH</a> </td> <td>Kr </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose"> <td><a href="/wiki/Rubidium_hydroxide" title="Rubidium hydroxide">RbOH</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Strontium_hydroxide" title="Strontium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Sr(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yttrium_hydroxide" title="Yttrium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Y(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zirconium(IV)_hydroxide" title="Zirconium(IV) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Zr(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Nb </td> <td>Mo </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Technetium(IV)_hydroxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Technetium(IV) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Tc(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Ru </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rhodium(III)_hydroxide" title="Rhodium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Rh(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Pd </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Silver_hydroxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver hydroxide">AgOH</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cadmium_hydroxide" title="Cadmium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Cd(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indium(III)_hydroxide" title="Indium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">In(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tin(II)_hydroxide" title="Tin(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Sn(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tin(IV)_hydroxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Tin(IV) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Sn(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antimonous_acid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antimonous acid (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Sb(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Telluric_acid" title="Telluric acid"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Te(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hypoiodous_acid" title="Hypoiodous acid">IOH</a> </td> <td>Xe </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose"> <td><a href="/wiki/Caesium_hydroxide" title="Caesium hydroxide">CsOH</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barium_hydroxide" title="Barium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ba(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">* </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lutetium(III)_hydroxide" title="Lutetium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Lu(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Hf </td> <td>Ta </td> <td>W </td> <td>Re </td> <td>Os </td> <td>Ir </td> <td>Pt </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gold(III)_hydroxide" title="Gold(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Au(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mercury(II)_hydroxide" title="Mercury(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Hg(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thallium(I)_hydroxide" title="Thallium(I) hydroxide">TlOH</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Thallium(III)_hydroxide" title="Thallium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Tl(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lead(II)_hydroxide" title="Lead(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Pb(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lead(IV)_hydroxide" title="Lead(IV) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Pb(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bismuth_hydroxide" title="Bismuth hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Bi(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Po </td> <td>At </td> <td>Rn </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose"> <td><a href="/wiki/Francium_hydroxide" title="Francium hydroxide">FrOH</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radium_hydroxide" title="Radium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ra(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">** </td> <td>Lr </td> <td>Rf </td> <td>Db </td> <td>Sg </td> <td>Bh </td> <td>Hs </td> <td>Mt </td> <td>Ds </td> <td>Rg </td> <td>Cn </td> <td>Nh </td> <td>Fl </td> <td>Mc </td> <td>Lv </td> <td>Ts </td> <td>Og </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="2" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="background-color:white;border:none" colspan="20">  </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose"> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">* </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum_hydroxide" title="Lanthanum hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">La(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cerium(III)_hydroxide" title="Cerium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ce(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Cerium(IV)_hydroxide" title="Cerium(IV) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ce(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium(III)_hydroxide" title="Praseodymium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Pr(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Neodymium(III)_hydroxide" title="Neodymium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Nd(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Promethium(III)_hydroxide" title="Promethium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Pm(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Samarium(III)_hydroxide" title="Samarium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Sm(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Europium(II)_hydroxide" title="Europium(II) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Eu(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Europium(III)_hydroxide" title="Europium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Eu(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium(III)_hydroxide" title="Gadolinium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Gd(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Terbium(III)_hydroxide" title="Terbium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Tb(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium(III)_hydroxide" title="Dysprosium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Dy(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Holmium(III)_hydroxide" title="Holmium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ho(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Erbium(III)_hydroxide" title="Erbium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Er(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thulium(III)_hydroxide" title="Thulium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Tm(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium(III)_hydroxide" title="Ytterbium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Yb(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:mistyrose"> <td style="background-color:white;border:none">** </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Actinium(III)_hydroxide" title="Actinium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ac(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thorium(IV)_hydroxide" title="Thorium(IV) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Th(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Pa </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uranium(II)_hydroxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uranium(II) hydroxide (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">U(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uranium(III)_hydroxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uranium(III) hydroxide (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">U(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Uranyl_hydroxide" title="Uranyl hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">UO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunium(III)_hydroxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunium(III) hydroxide (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Np(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neptunium(IV)_hydroxide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neptunium(IV) hydroxide (page does not exist)"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Np(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Neptunium(VII)_oxide-hydroxide" title="Neptunium(VII) oxide-hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">NpO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Pu </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Americium(III)_hydroxide" title="Americium(III) hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Am(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Curium_hydroxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Curium hydroxide"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Cm(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub></span></a> </td> <td>Bk </td> <td>Cf </td> <td>Es </td> <td>Fm </td> <td>Md </td> <td>No </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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