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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Exodus 7:14 Then the LORD said to Moses, "Pharaoh's heart is unyielding; he refuses to let the people go.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/exodus/7-14.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/9/02_Exo_07_14.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Exodus 7:14 - The First Plague: Blood" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Then the LORD said to Moses, Pharaoh's heart is unyielding; he refuses to let the people go." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/exodus/7.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is stubborn, and he still refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/exodus/7.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is hardened; he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/exodus/7.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is unyielding; he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/exodus/7.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And the LORD said unto Moses, Pharaoh's heart <i>is</i> hardened, he refuseth to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/exodus/7.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />So the LORD said to Moses: “Pharaoh’s heart <i>is</i> hard; he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/exodus/7.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is stubborn; he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/exodus/7.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, &#8220Pharaoh&#8217s heart is stubborn; he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/exodus/7.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is stubborn; he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/exodus/7.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Then Yahweh said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is hard with firmness; he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/exodus/7.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is hard; he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/exodus/7.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is hard: He refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/exodus/7.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, &#8220Pharaoh&#8217s heart is hard: he refuses to let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/exodus/7.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And Jehovah said unto Moses, Pharaoh's heart is stubborn, he refuseth to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/exodus/7.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />The LORD said to Moses: The Egyptian king stubbornly refuses to change his mind and let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/exodus/7.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And the LORD said unto Moses, Pharaoh's heart is stubborn, he refuseth to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/exodus/7.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, "Pharaoh is being stubborn. He refuses to let my people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/exodus/7.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, "The king is very stubborn and refuses to let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/exodus/7.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Then the LORD told Moses, "Pharaoh's heart is hard. He has refused to let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/exodus/7.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, ?Pharaoh?s heart is unyielding; he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/exodus/7.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />The LORD said to Moses, "Pharaoh's heart is hard; he refuses to release the people.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/exodus/7.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />The LORD said to Moses, "Pharaoh's heart is stubborn. He refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/exodus/7.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And the LORD said to Moses, Pharaoh's heart is hardened; he refuseth to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/exodus/7.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Yahweh said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is stubborn. He refuses to let the people go. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/exodus/7.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And YHWH says to Moses, “The heart of Pharaoh has been hard, he has refused to send the people away;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/exodus/7.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And Jehovah saith unto Moses, 'The heart of Pharaoh hath been hard, he hath refused to send the people away;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/exodus/7.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And Jehovah will say to Moses, Pharaoh's heart was heavy; he refused to send forth the people.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/exodus/7.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And the Lord said to Moses: Pharao's heart is hardened, he will not let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/exodus/7.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />Then the Lord said to Moses: “The heart of Pharaoh has been hardened; he is not willing to release the people.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/exodus/7.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses: Pharaoh is obstinate in refusing to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/exodus/7.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is hardened; he refuses to let the people go.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/exodus/7.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, Pharaoh's heart is hardened, he refuses to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/exodus/7.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And LORD JEHOVAH said to Moshe, “The heart of Pharaoh is hardened and he does not want to send the people out.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/exodus/7.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Pharaoh's heart is stubborn, he refuseth to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/exodus/7.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />and the Lord said to Moses, The heart of Pharao is made hard, so that he should not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/exodus/7-14.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=1504" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/exodus/7.htm">The First Plague: Blood</a></span><br> <span class="reftext">14</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">Then the LORD</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: way·yō·mer (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">said</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/4872.htm" title="4872: mō·šeh (N-proper-ms) -- A great Isr. leader, prophet and lawgiver. From mashah; drawing out, i.e. Rescued; Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver.">Moses,</a> <a href="/hebrew/6547.htm" title="6547: par·‘ōh (N-proper-ms) -- A title of Eg. kings. Of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings.">“Pharaoh’s</a> <a href="/hebrew/3820.htm" title="3820: lêḇ (N-msc) -- A form of lebab; the heart; also used very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything.">heart</a> <a href="/hebrew/3515.htm" title="3515: kā·ḇêḏ (Adj-ms) -- Heavy. From kabad; heavy; figuratively in a good sense or in a bad sense.">is unyielding;</a> <a href="/hebrew/3985.htm" title="3985: mê·’ên (V-Piel-Perf-3ms) -- To refuse. A primitive root; to refuse.">he refuses</a> <a href="/hebrew/5971.htm" title="5971: hā·‘ām (Art:: N-ms) -- From amam; a people; specifically, a tribe; hence troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock.">to let the people</a> <a href="/hebrew/7971.htm" title="7971: lə·šal·laḥ (Prep-l:: V-Piel-Inf) -- To send. A primitive root; to send away, for, or out.">go.</a> </span><span class="reftext">15</span>Go to Pharaoh in the morning as you see him walking out to the water. Wait on the bank of the Nile to meet him, and take in your hand the staff that was changed into a snake.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/8-15.htm">Exodus 8:15</a></span><br />When Pharaoh saw that there was relief, however, he hardened his heart and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent officials and found that none of the livestock of the Israelites had died. But Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/10-1.htm">Exodus 10:1</a></span><br />Then the LORD said to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials, that I may perform these miraculous signs of Mine among them,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/11-10.htm">Exodus 11:10</a></span><br />Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart so that he would not let the Israelites go out of his land.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/14-4.htm">Exodus 14:4</a></span><br />And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart so that he will pursue them. But I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD.” So this is what the Israelites did.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/14-17.htm">Exodus 14:17</a></span><br />And I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will go in after them. Then I will gain honor by means of Pharaoh and all his army and chariots and horsemen.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/2-30.htm">Deuteronomy 2:30</a></span><br />But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass through, for the LORD your God had made his spirit stubborn and his heart obstinate, that He might deliver him into your hand, as is the case this day.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/joshua/11-20.htm">Joshua 11:20</a></span><br />For it was of the LORD to harden their hearts to engage Israel in battle, so that they would be set apart for destruction and would receive no mercy, being annihilated as the LORD had commanded Moses.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_samuel/6-6.htm">1 Samuel 6:6</a></span><br />Why harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened theirs? When He afflicted them, did they not send the people out so they could go on their way?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/95-8.htm">Psalm 95:8-9</a></span><br />do not harden your hearts as you did at Meribah, in the day at Massah in the wilderness, / where your fathers tested and tried Me, though they had seen My work.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/63-17.htm">Isaiah 63:17</a></span><br />Why, O LORD, do You make us stray from Your ways and harden our hearts from fearing You? Return, for the sake of Your servants, the tribes of Your heritage.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/7-26.htm">Jeremiah 7:26</a></span><br />Yet they would not listen to Me or incline their ear, but they stiffened their necks and did more evil than their fathers.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/3-7.htm">Ezekiel 3:7</a></span><br />But the house of Israel will be unwilling to listen to you, since they are unwilling to listen to Me. For the whole house of Israel is hard-headed and hard-hearted.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/9-17.htm">Romans 9:17-18</a></span><br />For the Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” / Therefore God has mercy on whom He wants to have mercy, and He hardens whom He wants to harden.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/11-7.htm">Romans 11:7-8</a></span><br />What then? What Israel was seeking, it failed to obtain, but the elect did. The others were hardened, / as it is written: “God gave them a spirit of stupor, eyes that could not see, and ears that could not hear, to this very day.”</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And the LORD said to Moses, Pharaoh's heart is hardened, he refuses to let the people go.</p><p class="hdg">Pharaoh's</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/8-15.htm">Exodus 8:15</a></b></br> But when Pharaoh saw that there was respite, he hardened his heart, and hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/10-1.htm">Exodus 10:1,20,27</a></b></br> And the LORD said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might shew these my signs before him: … </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/zechariah/7-12.htm">Zechariah 7:12</a></b></br> Yea, they made their hearts <i>as</i> an adamant stone, lest they should hear the law, and the words which the LORD of hosts hath sent in his spirit by the former prophets: therefore came a great wrath from the LORD of hosts.</p><p class="hdg">he refuseth</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/4-23.htm">Exodus 4:23</a></b></br> And I say unto thee, Let my son go, that he may serve me: and if thou refuse to let him go, behold, I will slay thy son, <i>even</i> thy firstborn.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/8-2.htm">Exodus 8:2</a></b></br> And if thou refuse to let <i>them</i> go, behold, I will smite all thy borders with frogs:</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/9-2.htm">Exodus 9:2</a></b></br> For if thou refuse to let <i>them</i> go, and wilt hold them still,</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/exodus/7-12.htm">Aaron</a> <a href="/exodus/7-13.htm">Hard</a> <a href="/exodus/7-13.htm">Hardened</a> <a href="/exodus/7-13.htm">Heart</a> <a href="/exodus/7-10.htm">Moses</a> <a href="/exodus/7-13.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/7-13.htm">Pharaoh's</a> <a href="/exodus/4-23.htm">Refused</a> <a href="/revelation/2-21.htm">Refuses</a> <a href="/genesis/48-19.htm">Refuseth</a> <a href="/exodus/7-13.htm">Stubborn</a> <a href="/1_thessalonians/3-8.htm">Unchanged</a> <a href="/ezekiel/3-8.htm">Unyielding</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/7-19.htm">Aaron</a> <a href="/exodus/7-22.htm">Hard</a> <a href="/exodus/7-22.htm">Hardened</a> <a href="/exodus/7-22.htm">Heart</a> <a href="/exodus/7-19.htm">Moses</a> <a href="/exodus/7-15.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/7-22.htm">Pharaoh's</a> <a href="/exodus/16-28.htm">Refused</a> <a href="/exodus/22-17.htm">Refuses</a> <a href="/numbers/20-21.htm">Refuseth</a> <a href="/exodus/8-19.htm">Stubborn</a> <a href="/leviticus/13-5.htm">Unchanged</a> <a href="/proverbs/18-19.htm">Unyielding</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 7</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/7-1.htm">Moses and Aaron are encouraged to go again to Pharaoh</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/7-8.htm">Aaron's rod is turned into a serpent</a></span><br><span class="reftext">11. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/7-11.htm">The sorcerers do the like; but their rods are swallowed up by Aaron's</a></span><br><span class="reftext">13. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/7-13.htm">Pharaoh's heart is hardened</a></span><br><span class="reftext">14. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/7-14.htm">God's message to Pharaoh</a></span><br><span class="reftext">19. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/7-19.htm">The river is turned into blood; and the consequent distress of the Egyptians</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/7.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/exodus/7.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>Then the LORD said to Moses</b><br>This phrase indicates direct communication from God to Moses, a common occurrence in the Pentateuch where God often speaks to His chosen leaders. It underscores Moses' role as a prophet and mediator between God and the Israelites. This divine communication is foundational for the unfolding events in Exodus, as God provides guidance and instructions to Moses. The phrase also highlights the personal relationship between God and Moses, which is further emphasized in passages like <a href="/exodus/33-11.htm">Exodus 33:11</a>, where it is said that the LORD spoke to Moses face to face.<p><b>Pharaoh’s heart is unyielding</b><br>The hardening of Pharaoh's heart is a central theme in the Exodus narrative. It reflects the spiritual and moral obstinacy of Pharaoh, who is seen as a symbol of resistance against God's will. This hardening is both a divine act and a personal choice, illustrating the complex interplay between divine sovereignty and human responsibility. The unyielding heart of Pharaoh sets the stage for the plagues, which serve as judgments against Egypt's gods and demonstrate God's power. This theme is echoed in <a href="/romans/9-17.htm">Romans 9:17-18</a>, where Paul discusses God's sovereignty in hardening whom He wills.<p><b>he refuses to let the people go</b><br>This refusal is a direct challenge to God's command and highlights Pharaoh's role as an antagonist in the narrative. The phrase underscores the central conflict of the Exodus story: the liberation of the Israelites from Egyptian bondage. It also reflects the broader theme of deliverance and redemption that runs throughout the Bible, culminating in the ultimate deliverance through Jesus Christ. The repeated refusals of Pharaoh serve to magnify the eventual triumph of God's plan and the fulfillment of His promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob regarding the nation of Israel.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_lord.htm">The LORD (Yahweh)</a></b><br>The covenant-keeping God of Israel, who is orchestrating the deliverance of His people from Egypt.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/m/moses.htm">Moses</a></b><br>The chosen leader and prophet of Israel, tasked with confronting Pharaoh and leading the Israelites out of bondage.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/p/pharaoh.htm">Pharaoh</a></b><br>The ruler of Egypt, whose heart is hardened against the will of God, refusing to release the Israelites.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a></b><br>The land where the Israelites are enslaved, representing a place of oppression and idolatry.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_israelites.htm">The Israelites</a></b><br>God's chosen people, who are suffering under Egyptian bondage and awaiting deliverance.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_sovereignty_of_god.htm">The Sovereignty of God</a></b><br>God's control over the events in Egypt demonstrates His ultimate authority over nations and rulers.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_danger_of_a_hardened_heart.htm">The Danger of a Hardened Heart</a></b><br>Pharaoh's stubbornness serves as a warning against resisting God's will and the consequences of a hardened heart.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_patience_and_justice.htm">God's Patience and Justice</a></b><br>Despite Pharaoh's repeated refusals, God gives multiple opportunities for repentance, showcasing His patience and justice.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_obedience_in_deliverance.htm">The Role of Obedience in Deliverance</a></b><br>Moses' obedience to God's command is crucial in the unfolding of God's plan for Israel's deliverance.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/f/faith_in_god's_promises.htm">Faith in God's Promises</a></b><br>The Israelites' situation reminds believers to trust in God's promises, even when circumstances seem dire.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_7.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 7</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/evidence_of_rivers_turning_to_blood.htm">Exodus 7:14–18: Is there any historical or archeological evidence of a widespread river turning to blood? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/does_exodus_32_align_with_aaron's_role.htm">How does the portrayal of Aaron's role in Exodus 32 align with other biblical depictions of him, and does it reveal inconsistencies across different texts?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_evidence_supports_the_ten_plagues.htm">What evidence supports the occurrence of the Ten Plagues?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_no_evidence_for_exodus_miracles.htm">Why is there no evidence for the miraculous events claimed in Exodus?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/7.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>THE FIRST PLAGUE.</span><p>(14-21) <span class= "ital"><span class= "bld">The water turned to blood.</span></span>--Moses had already been empowered to turn water into blood on a small scale (<a href="/exodus/4-9.htm" title="And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe also these two signs, neither listen to your voice, that you shall take of the water of the river, and pour it on the dry land: and the water which you take out of the river shall become blood on the dry land.">Exodus 4:9</a>), and had exhibited his power before his own people (<a href="/exodus/4-30.htm" title="And Aaron spoke all the words which the LORD had spoken to Moses, and did the signs in the sight of the people.">Exodus 4:30</a>). But the present miracle is different. (1) It is to be done on the largest possible scale; (2) in the sight of all the Egyptians; and (3) not as a sign, but as a "judgment." All the Nile water--whether in the main river, or its branches, or the canals derived from it, or the pools formed by its inundation or by percolation through its banks, or in artificial reservoirs, including the tanks of wood or stone attached to houses (<a href="/exodus/7-19.htm" title="And the LORD spoke to Moses, Say to Aaron, Take your rod, and stretch out your hand on the waters of Egypt, on their streams, on their rivers, and on their ponds, and on all their pools of water, that they may become blood; and that there may be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood, and in vessels of stone.">Exodus 7:19</a>)--is to be "turned to blood:" <span class= "ital">i.e.,</span> not merely turned of a red colour, either by admixture of earthy matter or of <span class= "ital">Infusoriae,</span> but made to have all the qualities and appearance of blood, so as to become offensive, horrible, loathsome (<a href="/exodus/7-18.htm" title="And the fish that is in the river shall die, and the river shall stink; and the Egyptians shall loathe to drink of the water of the river.">Exodus 7:18</a>). The judgment strikes the Egyptians two several blows. (1) It involves an insult to their religion, and brings it into discredit, since the Nile-god, Hapi, was a main object of worship, closely connected with Osiris, and even with Amnion, celebrated in hymns with the most extravagant titles of honour (<span class= "ital">Records of the Past,</span> vol. iv. pp. 108-110), and a frequent object of public adoration in festivals. (2) It is a great physical affliction. They are accustomed to use the Nile water for drinking, for ablutions, for the washing of their clothes, and for culinary purposes; they have great difficulty in procuring any other; they delight in the Nile water, regard it as the best in the world, are in the habit of drinking deep draughts of it continually. This is all put a stop to. They suffer from thirst, from enforced uncleanliness, from the horror of blood all about them, even in their cisterns. Again, their fish are killed. Fish was one of their principal foods, perhaps the main food of the common people; and the river was the chief source whence the fish supply was obtained, for even the Lake Moeris was an off-shoot from the river (Herod. ii. 149). Their fish supply is stopped. The punishment is retaliatory: for as they had made the Nile the means of destroying Hebrew infants (<a href="/exodus/1-22.htm" title="And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born you shall cast into the river, and every daughter you shall save alive.">Exodus 1:22</a>), so that Hebrew parents had loathed to drink of it, as though stained with the blood of their children, so is it now made by means of blood undrinkable for themselves. The plague lasts seven days (<a href="/exodus/7-25.htm" title="And seven days were fulfilled, after that the LORD had smitten the river.">Exodus 7:25</a>), a longer time than any other; and if not so destructive as the later ones, was perhaps of all the most nauseous and disgusting. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/7.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verses 14-21.</span> - THE FIRST PLAGUE. The first miracle had been exhibited, and had failed. It had been a mere "sign," and in no respect a "judgment." Now the "judgments ' were to begin. God manifests himself again to Moses, and gives him exact directions what he is to do. He is to meet Pharaoh on the banks of the Nile, and to warn him that a plague is coming upon all Egypt on account of his obstinacy; that the waters of the Nile will be turned to blood, so that the ash will die, and the river stink, and the Egyptians loathe to drink of the water of the river (vers. 15-18). Pharaoh not yielding, making no sign, the threat is to be immediately followed by the act. In the sight of Pharaoh and his court, or at any rate of his train of attendants (ver. 20), Aaron is to stretch his rod over the Nile, and the water is at once to become blood, the fish to die, and the river in a short time to become offensive, or, in the simple and direct language of the Bible, to stink. The commands given by God are executed, and the result is as declared beforehand by Moses (vers. 20, 21). <span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 14.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Pharaoh's heart is hardened</span>. Rather, "is hard, is dull." The adjective used is entirely unconnected with the verb of the preceding verse. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/exodus/7-14.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Then the LORD</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוָה֙</span> <span class="translit">(Yah·weh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> </span><span class="str2">LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel</span><br /><br /><span class="word">said</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיֹּ֤אמֶר</span> <span class="translit">(way·yō·mer)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> </span><span class="str2">To utter, say</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to</span><br /><span class="heb">אֶל־</span> <span class="translit">(’el-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> </span><span class="str2">Near, with, among, to</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Moses,</span><br /><span class="heb">מֹשֶׁ֔ה</span> <span class="translit">(mō·šeh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4872.htm">Strong's 4872: </a> </span><span class="str2">Moses -- a great Israelite leader, prophet and lawgiver</span><br /><br /><span class="word">“Pharaoh’s</span><br /><span class="heb">פַּרְעֹ֑ה</span> <span class="translit">(par·‘ōh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6547.htm">Strong's 6547: </a> </span><span class="str2">Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings</span><br /><br /><span class="word">heart</span><br /><span class="heb">לֵ֣ב</span> <span class="translit">(lêḇ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3820.htm">Strong's 3820: </a> </span><span class="str2">The heart, the feelings, the will, the intellect, centre</span><br /><br /><span class="word">is stubborn;</span><br /><span class="heb">כָּבֵ֖ד</span> <span class="translit">(kā·ḇêḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adjective - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3515.htm">Strong's 3515: </a> </span><span class="str2">Heavy</span><br /><br /><span class="word">he refuses</span><br /><span class="heb">מֵאֵ֖ן</span> <span class="translit">(mê·’ên)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3985.htm">Strong's 3985: </a> </span><span class="str2">To refuse</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to let the people</span><br /><span class="heb">הָעָֽם׃</span> <span class="translit">(hā·‘ām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5971.htm">Strong's 5971: </a> </span><span class="str2">A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock</span><br /><br /><span class="word">go.</span><br /><span class="heb">לְשַׁלַּ֥ח</span> <span class="translit">(lə·šal·laḥ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7971.htm">Strong's 7971: </a> </span><span class="str2">To send away, for, out</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/exodus/7-14.htm">OT Law: Exodus 7:14 Yahweh said to Moses Pharaoh's heart (Exo. 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