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interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosque_de_frondosas_de_Europa_occidental" title="Bosque de frondosas de Europa occidental – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bosque de frondosas de Europa occidental" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okcident-e%C5%ADropaj_foliarbaroj" title="Okcident-eŭropaj foliarbaroj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Okcident-eŭropaj foliarbaroj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="جنگل‌های پربرگ اروپای غربی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگل‌های پربرگ اروپای غربی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C3%AAts_de_feuillus_d%27Europe_occidentale" title="Forêts de feuillus d'Europe occidentale – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Forêts de feuillus d'Europe occidentale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreste_di_latifoglie_dell%27Europa_occidentale" title="Foreste di latifoglie dell'Europa occidentale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Foreste di latifoglie dell'Europa occidentale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&params=49.153870_N_8.875401_E_type:landmark_dim:733km"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°09′14″N</span> <span class="longitude">8°52′31″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.153870°N 8.875401°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">49.153870; 8.875401</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ecoregion in Western Europe</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25em;line-height:1.5em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#cde5b2;">Western European broadleaf forests</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:20070517-20_Vosges_du_Nord_(098).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/20070517-20_Vosges_du_Nord_%28098%29.JPG/272px-20070517-20_Vosges_du_Nord_%28098%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="272" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/20070517-20_Vosges_du_Nord_%28098%29.JPG/408px-20070517-20_Vosges_du_Nord_%28098%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/20070517-20_Vosges_du_Nord_%28098%29.JPG/544px-20070517-20_Vosges_du_Nord_%28098%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Temperate mixed forests covering the mountain slopes in <a href="/wiki/Vosges_du_Nord_Bioreserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Vosges du Nord Bioreserve">Vosges du Nord Bioreserve</a> in Alsace, France.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ecoregion_PA0445.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ecoregion_PA0445.png/272px-Ecoregion_PA0445.png" decoding="async" width="272" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ecoregion_PA0445.png/408px-Ecoregion_PA0445.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Ecoregion_PA0445.png/544px-Ecoregion_PA0445.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2380" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Ecoregion PA0445</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#cde5b2;">Ecology</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Biogeographic_realm" title="Biogeographic realm">Realm</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Palearctic" class="mw-redirect" title="Palearctic">Palearctic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Biome" title="Biome">Biome</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests" title="Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests">temperate broadleaf and mixed forests</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Borders</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Central_European_mixed_forests" title="Central European mixed forests">Central European mixed forests</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Pannonian_mixed_forests" title="Pannonian mixed forests">Pannonian mixed forests</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Alps_conifer_and_mixed_forests" title="Alps conifer and mixed forests">Alps conifer and mixed forests</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Spain_and_Southern_France_Mediterranean_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests">Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Pyrenees_conifer_and_mixed_forests" title="Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests">Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/European_Atlantic_mixed_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="European Atlantic mixed forests">European Atlantic mixed forests</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#cde5b2;">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">492,357 km<sup>2</sup> (190,100 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&params=49.153870_N_8.875401_E_type:landmark_dim:733km"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">49°09′14″N</span> <span class="longitude">8°52′31″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">49.153870°N 8.875401°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">49.153870; 8.875401</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#cde5b2;">Conservation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ecoregion_conservation_status" title="Ecoregion conservation status">Conservation status</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Critical/Endangered</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Western European broadleaf forests</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion">ecoregion</a> in <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">Western Europe</a>, and parts of the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a>. It comprises <a href="/wiki/Temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests" title="Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests">temperate broadleaf and mixed forests</a>, that cover large areas of France, Germany and the Czech Republic and more moderately sized parts of Poland, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium and South Limburg (Netherlands). Luxembourg is also part of this ecoregion. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Western European broadleaf forests ecoregion covers an area of 492,357 km<sup>2</sup> (190,100 sq mi), including the <a href="/wiki/Massif_Central" title="Massif Central">Massif Central</a>, Central German Uplands, <a href="/wiki/Jura_Mountains" title="Jura Mountains">Jura Mountains</a>, Bavarian Plateau, and <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Massif" title="Bohemian Massif">Bohemian Massif</a>. </p><p>This area has been inhabited for thousands of years and holds several large cities such as <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nancy,_France" title="Nancy, France">Nancy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>. Most of the countryside has been cleared for agricultural land, cultivated with <a href="/wiki/Cereal" title="Cereal">cereals</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">corn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oat" title="Oat">oats</a>), and to a smaller extent <a href="/wiki/Grapes" class="mw-redirect" title="Grapes">grapes</a>. The ecoregion hosts a good variety of animal species, birds in particular, but most large mammals are in decline. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Forests">Forests</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Forests"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The forest habitats of the ecoregion comprise mainly lowland and alti-<a href="/wiki/Montane_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Montane forest">montane</a> mixed beech forests. There is also some <a href="/wiki/Natural_beech_wood" title="Natural beech wood">natural beech woods</a>, and the region also includes small parts of sub-Mediterranean forest habitats. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Detmold_-_2014-08-27_-_Hohe_Warte_(30).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Broadleaf forests (Teutoburger Forest, Germany)"><img alt="Broadleaf forests (Teutoburger Forest, Germany)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Detmold_-_2014-08-27_-_Hohe_Warte_%2830%29.jpg/120px-Detmold_-_2014-08-27_-_Hohe_Warte_%2830%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Detmold_-_2014-08-27_-_Hohe_Warte_%2830%29.jpg/180px-Detmold_-_2014-08-27_-_Hohe_Warte_%2830%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Detmold_-_2014-08-27_-_Hohe_Warte_%2830%29.jpg/240px-Detmold_-_2014-08-27_-_Hohe_Warte_%2830%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Broadleaf forests (<a href="/wiki/Teutoburger_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Teutoburger Forest">Teutoburger Forest</a>, Germany)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ViewtoWuerttemberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Conifer in the montane parts"><img alt="Conifer in the montane parts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/ViewtoWuerttemberg.jpg/120px-ViewtoWuerttemberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/ViewtoWuerttemberg.jpg/180px-ViewtoWuerttemberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/ViewtoWuerttemberg.jpg/240px-ViewtoWuerttemberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Conifer in the montane parts</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Licht_im_Schwarzwald.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Inside the conifer forests (Black Forest, Germany)"><img alt="Inside the conifer forests (Black Forest, Germany)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Licht_im_Schwarzwald.jpg/120px-Licht_im_Schwarzwald.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Licht_im_Schwarzwald.jpg/180px-Licht_im_Schwarzwald.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Licht_im_Schwarzwald.jpg/240px-Licht_im_Schwarzwald.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Inside the conifer forests (<a href="/wiki/Black_Forest" title="Black Forest">Black Forest</a>, Germany)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waldweg_in_den_Nordvogesen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="European beech is abundant in many submontane parts"><img alt="European beech is abundant in many submontane parts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Waldweg_in_den_Nordvogesen.jpg/120px-Waldweg_in_den_Nordvogesen.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Waldweg_in_den_Nordvogesen.jpg/180px-Waldweg_in_den_Nordvogesen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Waldweg_in_den_Nordvogesen.jpg/240px-Waldweg_in_den_Nordvogesen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/European_beech" class="mw-redirect" title="European beech">European beech</a> is abundant in many submontane parts</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Black_Forest-_Stream_(10562132523).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mountain streams, rocky ground, and deciduous trees in a mix with conifer"><img alt="Mountain streams, rocky ground, and deciduous trees in a mix with conifer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Black_Forest-_Stream_%2810562132523%29.jpg/120px-Black_Forest-_Stream_%2810562132523%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Black_Forest-_Stream_%2810562132523%29.jpg/180px-Black_Forest-_Stream_%2810562132523%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Black_Forest-_Stream_%2810562132523%29.jpg/240px-Black_Forest-_Stream_%2810562132523%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mountain streams, rocky ground, and deciduous trees in a mix with conifer</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Black_Forest-_Road_(10561950824).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Autumn"><img alt="Autumn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Black_Forest-_Road_%2810561950824%29.jpg/120px-Black_Forest-_Road_%2810561950824%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Black_Forest-_Road_%2810561950824%29.jpg/180px-Black_Forest-_Road_%2810561950824%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Black_Forest-_Road_%2810561950824%29.jpg/240px-Black_Forest-_Road_%2810561950824%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Autumn</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simonsw%C3%A4lder_Tal_150707.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Many valleys have been cleared for villages and agriculture"><img alt="Many valleys have been cleared for villages and agriculture" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Simonsw%C3%A4lder_Tal_150707.JPG/120px-Simonsw%C3%A4lder_Tal_150707.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Simonsw%C3%A4lder_Tal_150707.JPG/180px-Simonsw%C3%A4lder_Tal_150707.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Simonsw%C3%A4lder_Tal_150707.JPG/240px-Simonsw%C3%A4lder_Tal_150707.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Many valleys have been cleared for villages and agriculture</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fauna">Fauna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wolf_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wolf"><img alt="Wolf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Wolf_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg/120px-Wolf_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Wolf_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg/180px-Wolf_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Wolf_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg/240px-Wolf_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wolf</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Luchs_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_8.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lynx"><img alt="Lynx" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Luchs_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_8.jpg/120px-Luchs_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_8.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Luchs_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_8.jpg/180px-Luchs_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Luchs_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_8.jpg/240px-Luchs_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Lynx</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wildschweine_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wild boar"><img alt="Wild boar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Wildschweine_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald.jpg/120px-Wildschweine_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Wildschweine_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald.jpg/180px-Wildschweine_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Wildschweine_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald.jpg/240px-Wildschweine_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wild boar</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hirsch_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stag"><img alt="Stag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Hirsch_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg/120px-Hirsch_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Hirsch_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg/180px-Hirsch_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Hirsch_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg/240px-Hirsch_im_Nationalpark_Bayerischer_Wald_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3561" data-file-height="2374" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stag</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Feuersalamander_Larve_Quellfassung.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fire salamander"><img alt="Fire salamander" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Feuersalamander_Larve_Quellfassung.jpg/120px-Feuersalamander_Larve_Quellfassung.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Feuersalamander_Larve_Quellfassung.jpg/180px-Feuersalamander_Larve_Quellfassung.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Feuersalamander_Larve_Quellfassung.jpg/240px-Feuersalamander_Larve_Quellfassung.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2054" data-file-height="1501" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fire salamander</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:150712-Steigerkopf-02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anthill"><img alt="Anthill" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/150712-Steigerkopf-02.jpg/120px-150712-Steigerkopf-02.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/150712-Steigerkopf-02.jpg/180px-150712-Steigerkopf-02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/150712-Steigerkopf-02.jpg/240px-150712-Steigerkopf-02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Anthill</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Status_and_conservation">Status and conservation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Status and conservation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the original forest of the ecoregion has been cleared in the last 200 years, but a few larger patches remain, typically in non-arable montane areas that are part of national parks or protections. The woodlands of the ecoregion is generally second-growth and heavily fragmented. </p><p><a href="/wiki/National_park" title="National park">National parks</a> and larger <a href="/wiki/Nature_reserve" title="Nature reserve">nature protections</a> in the ecoregion includes: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20140531_Kermeter-Urft_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/20140531_Kermeter-Urft_01.JPG/220px-20140531_Kermeter-Urft_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/20140531_Kermeter-Urft_01.JPG/330px-20140531_Kermeter-Urft_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/20140531_Kermeter-Urft_01.JPG/440px-20140531_Kermeter-Urft_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Eifel National Park</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2010_Pfalz_016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/2010_Pfalz_016.jpg/220px-2010_Pfalz_016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/2010_Pfalz_016.jpg/330px-2010_Pfalz_016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/2010_Pfalz_016.jpg/440px-2010_Pfalz_016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Winter. Palatinate Forest Nature Park.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baumwipfelpfad_Neusch%C3%B6nau_Weg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Baumwipfelpfad_Neusch%C3%B6nau_Weg.jpg/220px-Baumwipfelpfad_Neusch%C3%B6nau_Weg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Baumwipfelpfad_Neusch%C3%B6nau_Weg.jpg/330px-Baumwipfelpfad_Neusch%C3%B6nau_Weg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Baumwipfelpfad_Neusch%C3%B6nau_Weg.jpg/440px-Baumwipfelpfad_Neusch%C3%B6nau_Weg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Canopy walkways in Bavarian Forest National Park</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:S%C3%A4chsische_Schweiz_%E2%80%93_Elbsandsteingebirge_%E2%80%93_Blick_von_der_Bastei_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/S%C3%A4chsische_Schweiz_%E2%80%93_Elbsandsteingebirge_%E2%80%93_Blick_von_der_Bastei_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-S%C3%A4chsische_Schweiz_%E2%80%93_Elbsandsteingebirge_%E2%80%93_Blick_von_der_Bastei_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/S%C3%A4chsische_Schweiz_%E2%80%93_Elbsandsteingebirge_%E2%80%93_Blick_von_der_Bastei_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-S%C3%A4chsische_Schweiz_%E2%80%93_Elbsandsteingebirge_%E2%80%93_Blick_von_der_Bastei_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/S%C3%A4chsische_Schweiz_%E2%80%93_Elbsandsteingebirge_%E2%80%93_Blick_von_der_Bastei_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-S%C3%A4chsische_Schweiz_%E2%80%93_Elbsandsteingebirge_%E2%80%93_Blick_von_der_Bastei_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1181" /></a><figcaption>Elbe Sandstone Mountains</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Naturpark_Thal_98.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Naturpark_Thal_98.jpg/220px-Naturpark_Thal_98.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Naturpark_Thal_98.jpg/330px-Naturpark_Thal_98.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Naturpark_Thal_98.jpg/440px-Naturpark_Thal_98.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2208" data-file-height="1394" /></a><figcaption>Thal Nature Park</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cascades_du_H%C3%A9risson_(6045046687).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Cascades_du_H%C3%A9risson_%286045046687%29.jpg/220px-Cascades_du_H%C3%A9risson_%286045046687%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Cascades_du_H%C3%A9risson_%286045046687%29.jpg/330px-Cascades_du_H%C3%A9risson_%286045046687%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Cascades_du_H%C3%A9risson_%286045046687%29.jpg/440px-Cascades_du_H%C3%A9risson_%286045046687%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Waterfalls and gorges in Jura Mountains Regional Natural Park</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Country </th> <th>Name<br /> </th> <th>Year<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/IUCN_protected_area_categories" title="IUCN protected area categories">IUCN category</a><br /> </th> <th class="unsortable">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>Germany and Belgium</td> <td><a href="/wiki/High_Fens_%E2%80%93_Eifel_Nature_Park" title="High Fens – Eifel Nature Park">High Fens – Eifel Nature Park</a></td> <td>1960</td> <td>2,485</td> <td>107 km<sup>2</sup> is category II</td> <td>Cross-border protection.<br />Includes a <a href="/wiki/Ramsar_Convention" title="Ramsar Convention">Ramsar Wetland</a> area since 2003.<br />Includes the <a href="/wiki/Eifel_National_Park" title="Eifel National Park">Eifel National Park</a> established in 2004. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany and Luxembourg</td> <td><a href="/wiki/German-Luxembourg_Nature_Park" title="German-Luxembourg Nature Park">German-Luxembourg Nature Park</a></td> <td>1964</td> <td>789</td> <td></td> <td>Cross-border protection. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bergstra%C3%9Fe-Odenwald_Nature_Park" title="Bergstraße-Odenwald Nature Park">Bergstraße-Odenwald Nature Park</a></td> <td>1960</td> <td>3,500</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spessart_Nature_Park" title="Spessart Nature Park">Spessart Nature Park</a></td> <td>1961</td> <td>2,440</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sauerland-Rothaargebirge_Nature_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sauerland-Rothaargebirge Nature Park (page does not exist)">Sauerland-Rothaargebirge Nature Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>2015</td> <td>3,827</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arnsberg_Forest_Nature_Park" title="Arnsberg Forest Nature Park">Arnsberg Forest Nature Park</a></td> <td>1960</td> <td>482</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Teutoburg_Forest_/_Egge_Hills_Nature_Park" title="Teutoburg Forest / Egge Hills Nature Park">Teutoburg Forest / Egge Hills Nature Park</a></td> <td>1965</td> <td>2,700</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thuringian_Forest_Nature_Park" title="Thuringian Forest Nature Park">Thuringian Forest Nature Park</a></td> <td>1979</td> <td>2,200</td> <td>337 km<sup>2</sup> is category II</td> <td>Includes a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_biosphere_reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO biosphere reserve">UNESCO biosphere reserve</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Swabian-Franconian_Forest_Nature_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park">Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park</a></td> <td></td> <td>1,270</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Central/North_Black_Forest_Nature_Park" title="Central/North Black Forest Nature Park">Central/North Black Forest Nature Park</a></td> <td></td> <td>3,750</td> <td>101 km<sup>2</sup> is category II</td> <td>Includes the <a href="/wiki/Black_Forest_National_Park" title="Black Forest National Park">Black Forest National Park</a> established in 2014. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Southern_Black_Forest_Nature_Park" title="Southern Black Forest Nature Park">Southern Black Forest Nature Park</a></td> <td>1999</td> <td>3,940</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany and France</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palatinate_Forest-North_Vosges_Biosphere_Reserve" title="Palatinate Forest-North Vosges Biosphere Reserve">Palatinate Forest-North Vosges Biosphere Reserve</a></td> <td>1992</td> <td>3,018</td> <td></td> <td>Cross-border protection.<br />UNESCO biosphere reserve.<br />A fusion of <a href="/wiki/Palatinate_Forest_Nature_Park" title="Palatinate Forest Nature Park">Palatinate Forest Nature Park</a> (Germany) and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Vosges_Regional_Nature_Park" title="Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park">Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park</a> (France). </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Franconian_Switzerland-Veldenstein_Forest_Nature_Park" title="Franconian Switzerland-Veldenstein Forest Nature Park">Franconian Switzerland-Veldenstein Forest Nature Park</a></td> <td>1995</td> <td>2,346</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Forest_National_Park" title="Bavarian Forest National Park">Bavarian Forest National Park</a></td> <td>1970</td> <td>243</td> <td>Category II</td> <td>The park connects with the <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0umava_National_Park" title="Šumava National Park">Šumava National Park</a> in Czech Republic </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Altm%C3%BChl_Valley_Nature_Park" title="Altmühl Valley Nature Park">Altmühl Valley Nature Park</a></td> <td>1969</td> <td>2,962</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Augsburg_Western_Woods_Nature_Park" title="Augsburg Western Woods Nature Park">Augsburg Western Woods Nature Park</a></td> <td>1988</td> <td>1,175</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Belgium</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Two_Ourthes_Nature_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Two Ourthes Nature Park (page does not exist)">Two Ourthes Nature Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>2001</td> <td>760</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Belgium</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Upper_Sure_Anlier_Forest_Nature_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upper Sure Anlier Forest Nature Park (page does not exist)">Upper Sure Anlier Forest Nature Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>2001</td> <td>720</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Belgium</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gaume_Natural_Park" title="Gaume Natural Park">Gaume Natural Park</a></td> <td>2014</td> <td>581</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Belgium</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viroin-Hermeton_Nature_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viroin-Hermeton Nature Park (page does not exist)">Viroin-Hermeton Nature Park</a></td> <td></td> <td>120</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Belgium</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Attert_Valley_Nature_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Attert Valley Nature Park (page does not exist)">Attert Valley Nature Park</a></td> <td>1994</td> <td>71</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic and Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elbe_Sandstone_Mountains" title="Elbe Sandstone Mountains">Elbe Sandstone Mountains</a></td> <td>1956</td> <td>783</td> <td>173 km<sup>2</sup> is category II</td> <td>A collection of several protections, including <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Switzerland_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Bohemian Switzerland National Park">Bohemian Switzerland National Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saxon_Switzerland_National_Park" title="Saxon Switzerland National Park">Saxon Switzerland National Park</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic and Germany</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Mountains" title="Lusatian Mountains">Lusatian Mountains</a></td> <td>1976</td> <td>397</td> <td></td> <td>The Czech parts of these mountains forms the Lusatian Mountains Protected Landscape Area and the smaller German part forms the <a href="/wiki/Zittau_Mountain_Nature_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Zittau Mountain Nature Park">Zittau Mountain Nature Park</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Paradise" title="Bohemian Paradise">Bohemian Paradise</a></td> <td>1955</td> <td>181</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jizera_Mountains_Protected_Landscape_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Jizera Mountains Protected Landscape Area">Jizera Mountains Protected Landscape Area</a></td> <td>1968</td> <td>368</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Krkono%C5%A1e_National_Park" title="Krkonoše National Park">Krkonoše National Park</a></td> <td>1963</td> <td>550</td> <td>Category II</td> <td>UNESCO biosphere reserve.<br />Connects with <a href="/wiki/Karkonosze_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Karkonosze National Park">Karkonosze National Park</a> in Poland </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Broumovsko_Protected_Landscape_Area" title="Broumovsko Protected Landscape Area">Broumovsko Protected Landscape Area</a></td> <td>1991</td> <td>430</td> <td>Category V</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orlick%C3%A9_Mountains_Protected_Landscape_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Orlické Mountains Protected Landscape Area">Orlické Mountains Protected Landscape Area</a></td> <td>1969</td> <td>204</td> <td>Category V</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesen%C3%ADky_Protected_Landscape_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeseníky Protected Landscape Area (page does not exist)">Jeseníky Protected Landscape Area</a></td> <td>1969</td> <td>740</td> <td>Category V</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BD%C4%8F%C3%A1r_Highlands_Protected_Landscape_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Žďár Highlands Protected Landscape Area (page does not exist)">Žďár Highlands Protected Landscape Area</a></td> <td>1970</td> <td>709</td> <td>Category V</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C5%99ebo%C5%88sko_Protected_Landscape_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Třeboňsko Protected Landscape Area (page does not exist)">Třeboňsko Protected Landscape Area</a></td> <td>1979</td> <td>700</td> <td></td> <td>UNESCO biosphere reserve.<br />Includes two <a href="/wiki/Ramsar_Convention" title="Ramsar Convention">Ramsar Wetland</a> areas. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blansk%C3%BD_Forest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blanský Forest (page does not exist)">Blanský Forest Protected Landscape Area</a></td> <td>1990</td> <td>212</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0umava_National_Park" title="Šumava National Park">Šumava National Park</a></td> <td>1991</td> <td>681</td> <td>Category II</td> <td>The park connects with the <a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Forest_National_Park" title="Bavarian Forest National Park">Bavarian Forest National Park</a> in Germany.<br />UNESCO biosphere reserve. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%BD_les_Protected_Landscape_Area" title="Český les Protected Landscape Area">Bohemian Forest Protected Landscape Area</a></td> <td>2005</td> <td>473</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Czech Republic</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Slavkov_Forest" title="Slavkov Forest">Slavkov Forest</a></td> <td>1974</td> <td>606</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poland</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karkonosze_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Karkonosze National Park">Karkonosze National Park</a></td> <td>1959</td> <td>56</td> <td>Category II</td> <td>Connects with <a href="/wiki/Krkono%C5%A1e_National_Park" title="Krkonoše National Park">Krkonoše National Park</a> in Czech Republic </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poland</td> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3br_Valley_Landscape_Park" title="Bóbr Valley Landscape Park">Bóbr Valley Landscape Park</a></td> <td>1989</td> <td>109</td> <td>Category V</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poland</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rudawy_Landscape_Park" title="Rudawy Landscape Park">Rudawy Landscape Park</a></td> <td>1989</td> <td>157</td> <td>Category V</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poland</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Che%C5%82my_Landscape_Park" title="Chełmy Landscape Park">Chełmy Landscape Park</a></td> <td>1992</td> <td>160</td> <td>Category V</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poland</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sudety_Wa%C5%82brzyskie_Landscape_Park" title="Sudety Wałbrzyskie Landscape Park">Sudety Wałbrzyskie Landscape Park</a></td> <td>1998</td> <td>65</td> <td>Category V</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poland</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Owl_Mountains_Landscape_Park" title="Owl Mountains Landscape Park">Owl Mountains Landscape Park</a></td> <td>1991</td> <td>81</td> <td>Category V</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poland</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sto%C5%82owe_Mountains_National_Park" title="Stołowe Mountains National Park">Stołowe Mountains National Park</a></td> <td>1993</td> <td>63</td> <td>Category II</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Switzerland</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parc_Jura_vaudois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parc Jura vaudois (page does not exist)">Parc Jura vaudois</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Switzerland</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Doubs_Nature_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doubs Nature Park (page does not exist)">Doubs Nature Park</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Switzerland</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chasseral_Regional_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chasseral Regional Park (page does not exist)">Chasseral Regional Park</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Switzerland</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thal_Nature_Park" title="Thal Nature Park">Thal Nature Park</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Switzerland</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aargau_Jura_Park" title="Aargau Jura Park">Aargau Jura Park</a></td> <td>2012</td> <td>241</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Switzerland</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schaffhausen_Regional_Nature_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schaffhausen Regional Nature Park (page does not exist)">Schaffhausen Regional Nature Park</a></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Ardennes_Regional_Nature_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Ardennes Regional Nature Park (page does not exist)">The Ardennes Regional Nature Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>2001</td> <td>1,172</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lorraine_Regional_Natural_Park" title="Lorraine Regional Natural Park">Lorraine Regional Natural Park</a></td> <td>1974</td> <td>2,050</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ballons_des_Vosges_Nature_Park" title="Ballons des Vosges Nature Park">Ballons des Vosges Nature Park</a></td> <td>1989</td> <td>2,700</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/wiki/IllWald_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="IllWald Forest">The IllWald, regional nature reserve</a></td> <td>2013</td> <td>19</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jura_Mountains_Regional_Natural_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Jura Mountains Regional Natural Park">Jura Mountains Regional Natural Park</a></td> <td>1986</td> <td>1,641</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Bauges_Massif_Regional_Nature_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Bauges Massif Regional Nature Park (page does not exist)">The Bauges Massif Regional Nature Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1995</td> <td>856</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chartreuse_Regional_Nature_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Chartreuse Regional Nature Park">Chartreuse Regional Nature Park</a></td> <td>1995</td> <td>767</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grands_Causses_Natural_Regional_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grands Causses Natural Regional Park (page does not exist)">Grands Causses Natural Regional Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1995</td> <td>3,285</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aubrac_Natural_Regional_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aubrac Natural Regional Park (page does not exist)">Aubrac Natural Regional Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1967</td> <td>2,207</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auvergne_Volcanos_Regional_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auvergne Volcanos Regional Park (page does not exist)">Auvergne Volcanos Regional Park</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1977</td> <td>3,950</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Morvan_Regional_Natural_Park" title="Morvan Regional Natural Park">Morvan Regional Natural Park</a></td> <td>1970</td> <td>2,850</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Millevaches_Regional_Nature_Park_in_Limousin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Millevaches Regional Nature Park in Limousin (page does not exist)">Millevaches Regional Nature Park in Limousin</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>2004</td> <td>3,140</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orient_Forest_Regional_Natural_Park" title="Orient Forest Regional Natural Park">Forêt d'Orient Regional Nature Park</a></td> <td>1970</td> <td>820</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>France</td> <td><a href="/wiki/For%C3%AAts_National_Park" title="Forêts National Park">Forêts National Park</a></td> <td>2019</td> <td>2,500</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Luxembourg maintains the <a href="/wiki/Upper_S%C3%BBre_Natural_Park" title="Upper Sûre Natural Park">Upper Sûre Natural Park</a>, but this park covers mostly the Upper Sûre Lake, an artificial dam created in 1959, and no land area of significance. The lake is an important bird area. Luxembourg also holds part of the cross-border <a href="/wiki/German-Luxembourg_Nature_Park" title="German-Luxembourg Nature Park">German-Luxembourg Nature Park</a> in addition to several smaller nature reservations. Here eco-typical patches of forest are growing. </p><p>Austria does not have any protections in this ecoregion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Western_European_broadleaf_forests" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Western European broadleaf forests">Western European broadleaf forests</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/pa0445">"Western European broadleaf forests"</a>. <i>Terrestrial Ecoregions</i>. World Wildlife Fund.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Terrestrial+Ecoregions&rft.atitle=Western+European+broadleaf+forests&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldwildlife.org%2Fecoregions%2Fpa0445&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+broadleaf+forests" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note that the year given here, marks the earliest establishment. Several protections has been expanded later on.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note that forest might not cover all of the protected area.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.naturpark-sauerland-rothaargebirge.de/">"Naturpark Sauerland Rothaargebirge"</a> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Naturpark+Sauerland+Rothaargebirge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.naturpark-sauerland-rothaargebirge.de%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+broadleaf+forests" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pndo.be/">"Le Parc naturel des deux Ourthes"</a> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+Parc+naturel+des+deux+Ourthes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pndo.be%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+broadleaf+forests" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parcnaturel.be/">"Parc naturel Haute-Sûre Forêt d'Anlier"</a> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parc+naturel+Haute-S%C3%BBre+For%C3%AAt+d%27Anlier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parcnaturel.be%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+broadleaf+forests" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr/parcs-naturels-regionaux/parc-naturel-regional-des-ardennes">"Parc naturel régional des Ardennes"</a> (in French). Fédération des Parcs naturels régionaux de France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parc+naturel+r%C3%A9gional+des+Ardennes&rft.pub=F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration+des+Parcs+naturels+r%C3%A9gionaux+de+France&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr%2Fparcs-naturels-regionaux%2Fparc-naturel-regional-des-ardennes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+broadleaf+forests" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr/parcs-naturels-regionaux/parc-naturel-regional-du-massif-des-bauges">"Parc naturel régional du Massif des Bauges"</a> (in French). Fédération des Parcs naturels régionaux de France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parc+naturel+r%C3%A9gional+du+Massif+des+Bauges&rft.pub=F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration+des+Parcs+naturels+r%C3%A9gionaux+de+France&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr%2Fparcs-naturels-regionaux%2Fparc-naturel-regional-du-massif-des-bauges&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+broadleaf+forests" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr/parcs-naturels-regionaux/parc-naturel-regional-des-grands-causses">"Parc naturel régional des Grands Causses"</a> (in French). Fédération des Parcs naturels régionaux de France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parc+naturel+r%C3%A9gional+des+Grands+Causses&rft.pub=F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration+des+Parcs+naturels+r%C3%A9gionaux+de+France&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr%2Fparcs-naturels-regionaux%2Fparc-naturel-regional-des-grands-causses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+broadleaf+forests" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr/parcs-naturels-regionaux/parc-naturel-regional-aubrac">"Parc naturel régional Aubrac"</a> (in French). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parc+naturel+r%C3%A9gional+Aubrac&rft.pub=F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration+des+Parcs+naturels+r%C3%A9gionaux+de+France&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr%2Fparcs-naturels-regionaux%2Fparc-naturel-regional-aubrac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+broadleaf+forests" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr/parcs-naturels-regionaux/parc-naturel-regional-des-volcans-dauvergne">"Parc naturel régional des Volcans d'Auvergne"</a> (in French). Fédération des Parcs naturels régionaux de France<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parc+naturel+r%C3%A9gional+des+Volcans+d%E2%80%99Auvergne&rft.pub=F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration+des+Parcs+naturels+r%C3%A9gionaux+de+France&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr%2Fparcs-naturels-regionaux%2Fparc-naturel-regional-des-volcans-dauvergne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWestern+European+broadleaf+forests" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parcs-naturels-regionaux.fr/parcs-naturels-regionaux/parc-naturel-regional-de-millevaches-en-limousin">"Parc naturel régional de Millevaches en Limousin"</a> (in French). Fédération des Parcs naturels régionaux de France<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Template:Palearctic_temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forest_ecoregions" title="Template:Palearctic temperate broadleaf and mixed forest ecoregions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Palearctic_temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forest_ecoregions" title="Template talk:Palearctic temperate broadleaf and mixed forest ecoregions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Palearctic_temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forest_ecoregions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Palearctic temperate broadleaf and mixed forest ecoregions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Palearctic_temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests_ecoregions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Palearctic_realm" title="Palearctic realm">Palearctic</a> <a href="/wiki/Temperate_broadleaf_and_mixed_forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest">temperate broadleaf and mixed forests</a> <a href="/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion">ecoregions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apennine_deciduous_montane_forests" title="Apennine deciduous montane forests">Apennine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_mixed_forests" title="Atlantic mixed forests">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azores_temperate_mixed_forests" title="Azores temperate mixed forests">Azores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_mixed_forests" title="Baltic mixed forests">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantabrian_mixed_forests" title="Cantabrian mixed forests">Cantabrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_broadleaf_forests" title="Celtic broadleaf forests">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Lowlands_beech_forests" title="English Lowlands beech forests">English Lowlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira_evergreen_forests" title="Madeira evergreen forests">Madeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_moist_mixed_forests" title="North Atlantic moist mixed forests">North Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Po_Basin_mixed_forests" title="Po Basin mixed forests">Po Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrenees_conifer_and_mixed_forests" title="Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests">Pyrenees</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western European</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_mixed_forests" title="Balkan mixed forests">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_mixed_forests" title="Central European mixed forests">Central European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Submediterranean_forest_complex" title="Crimean Submediterranean forest complex">Crimean Submediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinaric_Mountains_mixed_forests" title="Dinaric Mountains mixed forests">Dinaric Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_European_forest_steppe" title="East European forest steppe">East European forest steppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonian_mixed_forests" title="Pannonian mixed forests">Pannonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodope_montane_mixed_forests" title="Rodope montane mixed forests">Rodope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmatic_mixed_forests" title="Sarmatic mixed forests">Sarmatic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Hyrcanian_mixed_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests">Caspian Hyrcanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_mixed_forests" title="Caucasus mixed forests">Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Anatolian_deciduous_forests" title="Central Anatolian deciduous forests">Central Anatolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Anatolian_deciduous_forests" title="Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests">Eastern Anatolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euxine%E2%80%93Colchic_deciduous_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Euxine–Colchic deciduous forests">Euxine–Colchic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagros_Mountains_forest_steppe" title="Zagros Mountains forest steppe">Zagros Mountains</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_China_loess_plateau_mixed_forests" title="Central China loess plateau mixed forests">Central China loess plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Korean_deciduous_forests" title="Central Korean deciduous forests">Central Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changbai_Mountains_mixed_forests" title="Changbai Mountains mixed forests">Changbai Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changjiang_Plain_evergreen_forests" title="Changjiang Plain evergreen forests">Changjiang Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daba_Mountains_evergreen_forests" title="Daba Mountains evergreen forests">Daba Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D_deciduous_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaidō deciduous forests">Hokkaidō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_He_Plain_mixed_forests" title="Huang He Plain mixed forests">Huang He Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchurian_mixed_forests" title="Manchurian mixed forests">Manchurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihonkai_evergreen_forests" title="Nihonkai evergreen forests">Nihonkai evergreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihonkai_montane_deciduous_forests" title="Nihonkai montane deciduous forests">Nihonkai montane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_China_Plain_deciduous_forests" title="Northeast China Plain deciduous forests">Northeast China Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qin_Ling_Mountains_deciduous_forests" title="Qin Ling Mountains deciduous forests">Qin Ling Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_Basin_evergreen_broadleaf_forests" title="Sichuan Basin evergreen broadleaf forests">Sichuan Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sakhalin%E2%80%93Kurile_mixed_forests" title="South Sakhalin–Kurile mixed forests">South Sakhalin–Kurile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Korea_evergreen_forests" title="Southern Korea evergreen forests">Southern Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiheiyo_evergreen_forests" title="Taiheiyo evergreen forests">Taiheiyo evergreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiheiyo_montane_deciduous_forests" title="Taiheiyo montane deciduous forests">Taiheiyo montane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarim_Basin_deciduous_forests_and_steppe" title="Tarim Basin deciduous forests and steppe">Tarim Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ussuri_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests" title="Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests">Ussuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Siberian_broadleaf_and_mixed_forests" title="West Siberian broadleaf and mixed forests">West Siberian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&oldid=1238377005">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_European_broadleaf_forests&oldid=1238377005</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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