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<span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Administrative divisions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Urban_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Urban areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Economic and Technological Development Zones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Universities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Universities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Universities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Universities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_State/Twinning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_State/Twinning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sister State/Twinning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_State/Twinning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hubei</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 113 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-113" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">113 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="خوبي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خوبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubey" title="Hubey – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hubey" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87" title="হুপেই – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হুপেই" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94%CD%98-pak-s%C3%A9ng" title="Ô͘-pak-séng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ô͘-pak-séng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Хубэй – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хубэй" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Хубей – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хубей" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A7%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9E%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="ཧུའུ་པེ་ཞིང་ཆེན། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཧུའུ་པེ་ཞིང་ཆེན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei_Sheng" title="Hubei Sheng – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hubei Sheng" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu-pej" title="Chu-pej – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chu-pej" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CE%B9" title="Χουμπέι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χουμπέι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubejo" title="Hubejo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hubejo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="هوبئی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هوبئی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97" title="湖北 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="湖北" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B9-pet" title="Fù-pet – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Fù-pet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9B%84%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%84%B1" title="후베이성 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="후베이성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%B5" title="Հուբեյ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հուբեյ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%88" title="हूबेई – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हूबेई" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinco_Hubei" title="Provinco Hubei – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Provinco Hubei" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Хубэй – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хубэй" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%99" title="חוביי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חוביי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%98" title="ხუბეი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხუბეი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Хубэй – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хубэй" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hub%C4%97jus" title="Hubėjus – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hubėjus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hupej" title="Hupej – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hupej" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B8" title="Хубеи – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хубеи" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%88" title="हूबेई – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हूबेई" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%98" title="ჰუბეი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჰუბეი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%89" title="هوبيى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هوبيى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="هوبئی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هوبئی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8D%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A9" title="ꯍꯨꯕꯩ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯍꯨꯕꯩ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B9-b%C3%A1e%CC%A4k" title="Hù-báe̤k – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hù-báe̤k" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Хүбэй муж – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хүбэй муж" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9F%E1%80%B0%E1%80%95%E1%80%B1%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="ဟူပေပြည်နယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဟူပေပြည်နယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%88" title="हुबेई – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हुबेई" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖北省 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="湖北省" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Хубэй – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Хубэй" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xubey" title="Xubey – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xubey" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%88" title="ਹੂਬੇਈ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹੂਬੇਈ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%92" title="ہوبے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہوبے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubey" title="Hubey – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Hubey" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei_pruwinsya" title="Hubei pruwinsya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hubei pruwinsya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Хубэй – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хубэй" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92" title="හුබෙයි – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හුබෙයි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88" title="ھوبئي صوبو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ھوبئي صوبو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu-pej" title="Chu-pej – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chu-pej" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubej" title="Hubej – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hubej" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%8E%DB%8C" title="ھوبێی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ھوبێی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%98" title="Хубеј – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хубеј" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8A%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="ஊபேய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஊபேய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%8C" title="มณฑลหูเป่ย์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มณฑลหูเป่ย์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B2%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Ҳубей – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҳубей" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Хубей – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хубей" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="ہوبئی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہوبئی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%87%D8%A8%DB%90%D9%8A_%D8%A6%DB%86%D9%84%D9%83%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="خۇبېي ئۆلكىسى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="خۇبېي ئۆلكىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huzbaek" title="Huzbaek – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Huzbaek" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%93_B%E1%BA%AFc" title="Hồ Bắc – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hồ Bắc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖北省 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="湖北省" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Hubei" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" title="湖北省 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="湖北省" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97" title="湖北 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="湖北" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Province in Central China</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice skin-invert-image" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:100%; padding: 0px;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81" class="extiw" title="zh:湖北省">the corresponding article</a> in Chinese</b>.  <i><small>(June 2021)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Chinese Wikipedia article at [[:zh:湖北省]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|zh|湖北省}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Hubei" title="Talk:Hubei">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Province in China</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Hubei</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">湖北</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">Province</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Province of Hubei</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Name transcription(s)</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">Chinese</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">湖北省</span></span> (<span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">Húběi shěng</i></span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold">Abbreviation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">HB / <span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%84%82#Chinese" class="extiw" title="wikt:鄂">鄂</a></span> (<span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">È</i></span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid black;width:270px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:1px 0 0 1px"><div style="display:table;background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xiling_Gorge_2016_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Xiling_Gorge_2016_2.jpg/270px-Xiling_Gorge_2016_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" 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style="display:table;background-color:black;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 1px 1px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Enshi_grand_canyon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Enshi_grand_canyon.jpg/270px-Enshi_grand_canyon.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Enshi_grand_canyon.jpg/405px-Enshi_grand_canyon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Enshi_grand_canyon.jpg/540px-Enshi_grand_canyon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7818" data-file-height="3628" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Clockwise: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiling_Gorge" title="Xiling Gorge">Xiling Gorge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam" title="Three Gorges Dam">Three Gorges Dam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wudang_Mountains" title="Wudang Mountains">Wudang Mountains</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Enshi_Grand_Canyon" title="Enshi Grand Canyon">Enshi Grand Canyon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chibi,_Hubei" title="Chibi, Hubei">Red Cliffs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Crane_Tower" title="Yellow Crane Tower">Yellow Crane Tower</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hubei_in_China_(%2Ball_claims_hatched).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Hubei in China"><img alt="Location of Hubei in China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Hubei_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/330px-Hubei_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Hubei_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/500px-Hubei_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Hubei_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg/960px-Hubei_in_China_%28%2Ball_claims_hatched%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="940" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Hubei in China</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">China</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold">(and largest city)</span></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Divisions</th><td class="infobox-data"><b></b>13 <a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_Hubei" title="List of administrative divisions of Hubei">prefectures</a>, 102 counties, 1235 townships</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">Province</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Hubei_Provincial_People%27s_Congress" title="Hubei Provincial People's Congress">Hubei Provincial People's Congress</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Party_Secretary_of_Hubei" title="Party Secretary of Hubei">Party Secretary</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Zhonglin_(politician)" title="Wang Zhonglin (politician)">Wang Zhonglin</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Hubei_Provincial_People%27s_Congress" title="Hubei Provincial People's Congress">Congress</a> director</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Menghui" title="Wang Menghui">Wang Menghui</a> (titular)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hubei" title="Governor of Hubei">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Li_Dianxun" title="Li Dianxun">Li Dianxun</a> (acting)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Chinese_People%27s_Political_Consultative_Conference" title="Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference">CPPCC</a> chairman</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Wei_(born_1961)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Wei (born 1961)">Sun Wei</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Congress" title="National People's Congress">National People's Congress</a> Representation</th><td class="infobox-data">112 deputies</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-mofcom_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mofcom-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">185,900 km<sup>2</sup> (71,800 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_area" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by area">13th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Shennong_Peak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shennong Peak (page does not exist)">Shennong Peak</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,105 m (10,187 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">58,300,000</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_population" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by population">10th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">310/km<sup>2</sup> (810/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">  • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by population density">12th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Ethnic composition</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Han</a>: 95.6%</li><li><a href="/wiki/Tujia_people" title="Tujia people">Tujia</a>: 3.7%</li><li><a href="/wiki/Hmong_people" title="Hmong people">Miao</a>: 0.4%</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Languages and dialects</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Mandarin" title="Southwestern Mandarin">Southwestern Mandarin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lower_Yangtze_Mandarin" title="Lower Yangtze Mandarin">Lower Yangtze Mandarin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gan_Chinese" title="Gan Chinese">Gan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xiang_Chinese" title="Xiang Chinese">Xiang</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold">(2023)</span><sup id="cite_ref-GDPdata_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GDPdata-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">CN¥5,580 billion (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_provincial-level_divisions_by_GDP" title="List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP">7th</a>; US$792 billion)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">CN¥95,538 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_provincial-level_divisions_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP per capita">9th</a>; US$13,558)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">CN-HB</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(2022)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">0.794<sup id="cite_ref-SHDI_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHDI-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by HDI">10th</a>) – <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#090">high</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hubei.gov.cn">hubei<wbr />.gov<wbr />.cn</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Hubei</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Hubei_(Chinese_characters).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Hubei_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/220px-Hubei_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Hubei_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/330px-Hubei_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Hubei_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg/440px-Hubei_%28Chinese_characters%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="224" /></a></span></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hani" style="font-size: 1rem;">湖北</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_postal_romanization" title="Chinese postal romanization">Postal</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Hupeh</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">"North of <a href="/wiki/Dongting_Lake" title="Dongting Lake">(Dongting) Lake</a>"</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Húběi</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Bopo" style="font-style: normal;"><span lang="zh-Bopo">ㄏㄨˊ<span style="padding-left:0.5ic;"> </span>ㄅㄟˇ</span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn"><span>Hu<sup>2</sup>-pei<sup>3</sup></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[xǔpèɪ]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">other Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-style: normal;"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Arab" dir="rtl">خُ‌بُوِ</span></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Wu</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Wu_Chinese" title="Romanization of Wu Chinese">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Wu Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="wuu-Latn">Wu<sup>入</sup> poh<sup>平</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" title="Guangdong Romanization">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hakka-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="hak-Latn">Fù-pet</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Wùh-bāk</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Wu4-bak1</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[wu˩.pɐk̚˥]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Ô͘-pak</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Romanization_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Romanization System">Tâi-lô</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Ôo-pak</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Min" title="Eastern Min">Eastern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fuzhou_dialect" title="Fuzhou dialect">Fuzhou</a> <a href="/wiki/Foochow_Romanized" class="mw-redirect" title="Foochow Romanized">BUC</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Dong Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="cdo-Latn">Hù-báe̤k</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hubei</b><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Province_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Province of China">province</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_China" title="Central China">Central China</a>. It has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_provincial-level_divisions_by_GDP" title="List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP">seventh-largest economy</a> among Chinese provinces, the second-largest within Central China, and the third-largest among inland provinces. Its provincial capital at <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> serves as a major political, cultural, and economic hub for the region. </p><p>Hubei is associated with the historical <a href="/wiki/State_of_E" class="mw-redirect" title="State of E">state of E</a> that existed during the <a href="/wiki/Western_Zhou_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Zhou dynasty">Western Zhou dynasty</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1045</span> – 771 BCE). Its name means 'north of the lake', referring to <a href="/wiki/Dongting_Lake" title="Dongting Lake">Dongting Lake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It borders <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a> to the south, and <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> to the west. The high-profile <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam" title="Three Gorges Dam">Three Gorges Dam</a> is located at <a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a> in the west of the province. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hubei" title="Special:EditPage/Hubei">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Hubei region was home to sophisticated <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> cultures.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the <a href="/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period" title="Spring and Autumn period">Spring and Autumn period</a> (770–476 BC), the territory of today's Hubei formed part of the powerful <a href="/wiki/Chu_(state)" title="Chu (state)">State of Chu</a>. Chu, nominally a tributary state of the <a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou dynasty</a>, was itself an extension of the Chinese civilization that had emerged some centuries before in the north; but Chu also represented a culturally unique blend of northern and southern culture, and it developed into a powerful state that controlled much of the middle and lower <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River">Yangtze River</a>, with its power extending northwards into the <a href="/wiki/North_China_Plain" title="North China Plain">North China Plain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_silk,_4th_Century_BC.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Chinese_silk%2C_4th_Century_BC.JPG/220px-Chinese_silk%2C_4th_Century_BC.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Chinese_silk%2C_4th_Century_BC.JPG/330px-Chinese_silk%2C_4th_Century_BC.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Chinese_silk%2C_4th_Century_BC.JPG/440px-Chinese_silk%2C_4th_Century_BC.JPG 2x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Detail of an embroidered silk gauze ritual garment from a 4th-century BC, <a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou era</a> tomb at Mashan, <a href="/wiki/Jiangling_County" title="Jiangling County">Jiangling County</a>, Hubei</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Warring_States_period" title="Warring States period">Warring States period</a> (475–221 BC) Chu became the major adversary of the upstart <a href="/wiki/Qin_(state)" title="Qin (state)">State of Qin</a> to the northwest (in present-day <a href="/wiki/Guanzhong" title="Guanzhong">Guanzhong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> province), which began to assert itself by outward expansionism. As wars between Qin and Chu ensued, Chu lost more and more land: first its dominance over the <a href="/wiki/Sichuan_Basin" title="Sichuan Basin">Sichuan Basin</a>, then (in 278 BC) its heartland, which correspond to modern Hubei.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 223 BC Qin chased down the remnants of the Chu regime, which had fled eastwards <a href="/wiki/Qin%27s_wars_of_unification" title="Qin's wars of unification">during Qin's wars of uniting China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Qin founded the <a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin dynasty</a> in 221 BC, the first unified dynasty in <a href="/wiki/China_proper" title="China proper">China</a>. The Qin dynasty was succeeded in 206 BC by the <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a>, which established the province (<a href="/wiki/Zhou_(political_division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhou (political division)"><i>zhou</i></a>) of <a href="/wiki/Jingzhou_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Jingzhou province">Jingzhou</a> in today's Hubei and <a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a>. The Qin and Han played an active role in the extension of farmland in Hubei, maintaining a system of river dikes to protect farms from summer floods.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty in the beginning of the 3rd century, Jingzhou was ruled by regional warlord <a href="/wiki/Liu_Biao" title="Liu Biao">Liu Biao</a>. After his death in 208, Liu Biao's realm was surrendered by <a href="/wiki/Liu_Cong_(Han_dynasty)" title="Liu Cong (Han dynasty)">his successors</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cao_Cao" title="Cao Cao">Cao Cao</a>, a powerful warlord who had conquered nearly all of north China; but in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Red_Cliffs" title="Battle of Red Cliffs">Battle of Red Cliffs</a> (208 or 209), warlords <a href="/wiki/Liu_Bei" title="Liu Bei">Liu Bei</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a> drove Cao Cao out of Jingzhou. Liu Bei then took control of Jingzhou and appointed Guan Yu as administrator of Xiangyang (in modern <a href="/wiki/Xiangyang,_Hubei" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiangyang, Hubei">Xiangyang, Hubei</a>) to guard Jing province; he went on to conquer Yizhou (the Sichuan Basin), but lost Jingzhou to Sun Quan; for the next few decades Jingzhou was controlled by the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Wu" title="Eastern Wu">Wu Kingdom</a>, ruled by Sun Quan and his successors.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TRIBU_TRES_GARGANTAS-CHINA_(35461639914).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/TRIBU_TRES_GARGANTAS-CHINA_%2835461639914%29.jpg/220px-TRIBU_TRES_GARGANTAS-CHINA_%2835461639914%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/TRIBU_TRES_GARGANTAS-CHINA_%2835461639914%29.jpg/330px-TRIBU_TRES_GARGANTAS-CHINA_%2835461639914%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/TRIBU_TRES_GARGANTAS-CHINA_%2835461639914%29.jpg/440px-TRIBU_TRES_GARGANTAS-CHINA_%2835461639914%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Three Gorges area</figcaption></figure> <p>The incursion of northern nomadic peoples into the region at the beginning of the 4th century (<a href="/wiki/Invasion_and_rebellion_of_the_Five_Barbarians" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion and rebellion of the Five Barbarians">Five Barbarians' rebellion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Disaster_of_Yongjia" title="Disaster of Yongjia">Disaster of Yongjia</a> (<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%98%89%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%B1" class="extiw" title="zh:永嘉之乱">永嘉之乱</a>)) began nearly three centuries of division into a nomad-ruled (but increasingly Sinicized) north and a <a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Han Chinese</a>-ruled south. Hubei, to the south, remained under southern rule for this entire period, until the unification of China by the <a href="/wiki/Sui_dynasty" title="Sui dynasty">Sui dynasty</a> in 589. In 617 the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> replaced Sui, and later on the Tang dynasty placed present-day Hubei under the jurisdiction of several <a href="/wiki/Circuit_(political_division)" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit (political division)">circuits</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jiangnanxi_Circuit" title="Jiangnanxi Circuit">Jiangnanxi Circuit</a> in the south; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shannandong_Circuit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shannandong Circuit (page does not exist)">Shannandong Circuit</a> (山南东道) in the west, and <a href="/wiki/Huainan_Circuit" title="Huainan Circuit">Huainan Circuit</a> in the east. After the Tang dynasty disintegrated in the early 10th century, Hubei came under the control of several regional regimes: <a href="/wiki/Jingnan" title="Jingnan">Jingnan</a> in the center, <a href="/wiki/Wu_(Ten_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu (Ten Kingdoms)">Yang Wu</a> and its successor <a href="/wiki/Southern_Tang" title="Southern Tang">Southern Tang</a> to the east, the <a href="/wiki/Five_Dynasties" class="mw-redirect" title="Five Dynasties">Five Dynasties</a> to the north and Shu to Shizhou (施州, in modern <a href="/wiki/Enshi_City" title="Enshi City">Enshi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a> reunified the region in 982 and placed most of Hubei into <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jinghubei_Circuit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jinghubei Circuit (page does not exist)">Jinghubei Circuit</a>, a longer version of Hubei's current name. <a href="/wiki/Mongol" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongol">Mongols</a> conquered the region in 1279, and under <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">their rule</a> the province of <a href="/wiki/Huguang" title="Huguang">Huguang</a> was established, covering Hubei, Hunan, and parts of <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> During the Mongol rule, in 1331, Hubei was devastated by an outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Death" title="Black Death">Black Death</a>, which reached <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> by June 1348, and which, according to Chinese sources, spread during the following three centuries to decimate populations throughout Eurasia.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> (1368–1644) drove out the Mongols in 1368. Their version of Huguang province was smaller, and corresponded almost entirely to the modern provinces of Hubei and Hunan combined. Hubei lay geographically outside the centers of the Ming power. During the last years of the Ming, today's Hubei was ravaged several times by the rebel armies of <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Xianzhong" title="Zhang Xianzhong">Zhang Xianzhong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Li_Zicheng" title="Li Zicheng">Li Zicheng</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Manchu" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchu">Manchu</a> <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> which took control of much of the region in 1644, soon split Huguang into the modern provinces of Hubei and Hunan. The Qing dynasty, however, continued to maintain a <a href="/wiki/Viceroy_of_Huguang" title="Viceroy of Huguang">Viceroy of Huguang</a>, one of the most well-known viceroys being <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Zhidong" title="Zhang Zhidong">Zhang Zhidong</a> (in office between 1889 and 1907), whose modernizing reforms made Hubei (especially <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a>) into a prosperous center of commerce and industry. The <a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a>/<a href="/wiki/Daye,_Hubei" class="mw-redirect" title="Daye, Hubei">Daye</a> area, south-east of Wuhan, became an important center of mining and metallurgy.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1911, the <a href="/wiki/Wuchang_Uprising" title="Wuchang Uprising">Wuchang Uprising</a> took place in modern-day Wuhan. The uprising started the <a href="/wiki/Xinhai_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinhai Revolution">Xinhai Revolution</a>, which overthrew the Qing dynasty and established the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a>. In 1927 Wuhan became the seat of a government established by left-wing elements of the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Wang_Jingwei" title="Wang Jingwei">Wang Jingwei</a>; this government later merged into <a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a>'s government in <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> the eastern parts of Hubei were conquered and occupied by <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a>, while the western parts remained under Chinese control.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a> in the 1960s, Wuhan saw fighting between rival <a href="/wiki/Red_Guards_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Guards (China)">Red Guard</a> factions. In July 1967, civil strife struck the city in the <a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Wuhan Incident">Wuhan Incident</a> ("July 20th Incident"), an armed conflict between two hostile groups who were fighting for control over the city at the height of the Cultural Revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the fears of a nuclear war increased during the time of <a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_border_conflict" title="Sino-Soviet border conflict">Sino-Soviet border conflicts</a> in the late 1960s, the <a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a> prefecture of Hubei was chosen as the site of <a href="/wiki/Underground_Project_131" title="Underground Project 131">Project 131</a>, an underground military-command headquarters.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%C2%B7%E9%BB%84%E9%B9%A4%E6%A5%BC_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%C2%B7%E9%BB%84%E9%B9%A4%E6%A5%BC_-_panoramio.jpg/165px-%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%C2%B7%E9%BB%84%E9%B9%A4%E6%A5%BC_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%C2%B7%E9%BB%84%E9%B9%A4%E6%A5%BC_-_panoramio.jpg/247px-%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%C2%B7%E9%BB%84%E9%B9%A4%E6%A5%BC_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%C2%B7%E9%BB%84%E9%B9%A4%E6%A5%BC_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%C2%B7%E9%BB%84%E9%B9%A4%E6%A5%BC_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Yellow Crane Tower</figcaption></figure> <p>The province—and Wuhan in particular—suffered severely from the <a href="/wiki/1954_Yangtze_River_Floods" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 Yangtze River Floods">1954 Yangtze River Floods</a>. Large-scale dam construction followed, with the <a href="/wiki/Gezhouba_Dam" title="Gezhouba Dam">Gezhouba Dam</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River">Yangtze River</a> near <a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a> started in 1970 and completed in 1988; the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam" title="Three Gorges Dam">Three Gorges Dam</a>, further upstream, began in 1993. In the following years, authorities resettled millions of people from western Hubei to make way for the construction of the dam. A number of smaller dams have been constructed on the Yangtze's tributaries as well.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Xianning_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Xianning Nuclear Power Plant">Xianning Nuclear Power Plant</a> is planned in Dafanzhen, Tongshan County, Xianning, to host at least four 1,250-megawatt (MW) AP1000 pressurized-water reactors. Work on the site began in 2010; plans envisaged that the first reactor would start construction in 2011 and go online in 2015. However, construction of the first phase had yet to start as of 2018<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 1 December 2019, the first case of <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> in the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> was identified in the city of <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a>. In January 2020, the <a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2" title="SARS-CoV-2">SARS-CoV-2</a> virus was officially identified, leading local and federal governments to implement massive <a href="/wiki/Quarantine" title="Quarantine">quarantine</a> zones across Hubei province, especially in the capital <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> (the epicenter of the outbreak). Authorities partially or fully locked down 15 cities, directly affecting 57 million people. Following severe outbreaks in numerous other countries, including in different areas of the world, the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization%27s_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="World Health Organization's response to the COVID-19 pandemic">World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 a pandemic</a> in March 2020. However, after more than eight weeks, the lockdown on most cities in the province was lifted.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Danjiangkou,_Shiyan,_Hubei,_China_-_panoramio_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Danjiangkou%2C_Shiyan%2C_Hubei%2C_China_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/220px-Danjiangkou%2C_Shiyan%2C_Hubei%2C_China_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Danjiangkou%2C_Shiyan%2C_Hubei%2C_China_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/330px-Danjiangkou%2C_Shiyan%2C_Hubei%2C_China_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Danjiangkou%2C_Shiyan%2C_Hubei%2C_China_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg/440px-Danjiangkou%2C_Shiyan%2C_Hubei%2C_China_-_panoramio_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4200" data-file-height="2100" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wudang_Mountains" title="Wudang Mountains">Wudang Mountains</a> in <a href="/wiki/Danjiangkou" title="Danjiangkou">Danjiangkou</a>, Hubei</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hubei" title="Special:EditPage/Hubei">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Jianghan_Plain" title="Jianghan Plain">Jianghan Plain</a> takes up most of central and southern Hubei, while the west and the peripheries are more <a href="/wiki/Mountain" title="Mountain">mountainous</a>, with ranges such as the <a href="/wiki/Wudang_Mountains" title="Wudang Mountains">Wudang Mountains</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Jing_Mountains" title="Jing Mountains">Jing Mountains</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Daba_Mountains" title="Daba Mountains">Daba Mountains</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Wu_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu Mountains">Wu Mountains</a> (in rough north-to-south order). The <a href="/wiki/Dabie_Mountains" title="Dabie Mountains">Dabie Mountains</a> lie to the northeast of the Jianghan Plain, on the border with <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a>; the Tongbai Mountains lie to the north on the border with <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a>; to the southeast, the <a href="/wiki/Mufu_Mountains" title="Mufu Mountains">Mufu Mountains</a> form the border with <a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a>. The highest peak in Hubei is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shennong_Peak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shennong Peak (page does not exist)">Shennong Peak</a>, found in the <a href="/wiki/Daba_Mountains" title="Daba Mountains">Daba Mountains</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">forestry</a> area of <a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a>; it has an altitude of 3105 m.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Qing_river.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Qing_river.jpg/220px-Qing_river.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Qing_river.jpg/330px-Qing_river.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Qing_river.jpg/440px-Qing_river.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4656" data-file-height="3496" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Qing_River" title="Qing River">Qing River</a> in <a href="/wiki/Changyang_Tujia_Autonomous_County" title="Changyang Tujia Autonomous County">Changyang Tujia Autonomous County</a>, southwestern Hubei</figcaption></figure> <p>The two major rivers of Hubei are the <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River">Yangtze River</a> and its left tributary, the <a href="/wiki/Hanshui_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanshui River">Han River</a>; they lend their names to the <a href="/wiki/Jianghan_Plain" title="Jianghan Plain">Jianghan Plain</a> – Jiang representing the Yangtze and han representing the Han River. The Yangtze River enters Hubei from the west via the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges" title="Three Gorges">Three Gorges</a>; the eastern half of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges" title="Three Gorges">Three Gorges</a> (<a href="/wiki/Xiling_Gorge" title="Xiling Gorge">Xiling Gorge</a> and part of <a href="/wiki/Wu_Gorge" title="Wu Gorge">Wu Gorge</a>) lie in western Hubei, while the western half is in neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a>. The Han River enters the province from the northwest. After crossing most of the province, the two great rivers meet at the center of Wuhan, the provincial capital. </p><p>Among the notable tributaries of the Yangtze within the province are the <a href="/wiki/Shen_Nong_Stream" class="mw-redirect" title="Shen Nong Stream">Shen Nong Stream</a> (a small northern tributary, severely affected by the Three Gorges Dam project); the <a href="/wiki/Qing_River" title="Qing River">Qing</a>, a major waterway of southwestern Hubei; the <a href="/wiki/Huangbo_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Huangbo River">Huangbo</a> near <a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a>; and the <a href="/wiki/Fushui_River" title="Fushui River">Fushui River</a> in the southeast.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Thousands of lakes dot the landscape of Hubei's Jianghan Plain, giving Hubei the name of "Province of Lakes"; the largest of these lakes are <a href="/wiki/Liangzi_Lake" title="Liangzi Lake">Liangzi Lake</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hong_Lake" title="Hong Lake">Hong Lake</a>. The numerous hydrodams have created a number of large reservoirs, the largest of which is the <a href="/wiki/Danjiangkou_Reservoir" title="Danjiangkou Reservoir">Danjiangkou Reservoir</a> on the Han River, on the border between Hubei and <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Hubei has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<i>Cfa</i> or <i>Cwa</i> under the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>), with four distinct seasons. Winters are cool to cold, with average temperatures of 1 to 6 °C (34 to 43 °F) in January, while summers are hot and humid, with average temperatures of 24 to 30 °C (75 to 86 °F) in July; punishing temperatures of 40 °C (104 °F) or above are widely associated with Wuhan, the provincial capital. The mountainous districts of western Hubei, in particular <a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a>, with their cooler summers, attract numerous visitors from Wuhan and other lowland cities.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Besides the capital <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a>, other important cities are <a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a>, a center of automotive industry and the gateway to the <a href="/wiki/Wudang_Mountains" title="Wudang Mountains">Wudang Mountains</a>; <a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a>, the main base for the gigantic hydroelectric projects of southwestern Hubei; and <a href="/wiki/Shashi_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shashi District">Shashi</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_Hubei" title="List of administrative divisions of Hubei">List of administrative divisions of Hubei</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_township-level_divisions_of_Hubei" title="List of township-level divisions of Hubei">List of township-level divisions of Hubei</a></div> <p>Hubei is divided into thirteen <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_China#Prefectural_level" title="Administrative divisions of China">prefecture-level divisions</a> (of which there are twelve <a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">prefecture-level cities</a> (including a <a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_divisions_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-provincial divisions in the People's Republic of China">sub-provincial city</a>) and one <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_prefecture" title="Autonomous prefecture">autonomous prefecture</a>), as well as three directly administered <a href="/wiki/County-level_city" title="County-level city">county-level cities</a> (all <a href="/wiki/Sub-prefecture-level_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-prefecture-level city">sub-prefecture-level cities</a>) and one directly administered county-level forestry area. At the end of 2017, the total population was 59.02 million.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; font-size:smaller; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9">Administrative divisions of Hubei </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="9" style="font-size:larger"><div style="position: relative" class="center"> <div role="img" class="noresize" style="width: 750px; font-size: 85%; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: #ffffff; position: relative;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Administrative_Division_Hubei.svg/960px-Administrative_Division_Hubei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="750" height="480" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Administrative_Division_Hubei.svg/1125px-Administrative_Division_Hubei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Administrative_Division_Hubei.svg/1500px-Administrative_Division_Hubei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="960" /></span></span> <div style="position:absolute; left:556.5px; top:294.5px"><b><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:616.5px; top:372px"><b><a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:199px; top:87px"><b><a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:256.5px; top:277px"><b><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:331.5px; top:147px"><b><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:599px; top:324.5px"><b><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:399px; top:239.5px"><b><a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:509px; top:237px"><b><a href="/wiki/Xiaogan" title="Xiaogan">Xiaogan</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:394px; top:367px"><b><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:641.5px; top:287px"><b><a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:546.5px; top:402px"><b><a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:469px; top:157px"><b><a href="/wiki/Suizhou" title="Suizhou">Suizhou</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:84px; top:332px"><b><a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi<br />Tujia and Miao AP</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:464px; top:332px"><b><a href="/wiki/Xiantao" title="Xiantao">Xiantao</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:394px; top:324.5px"><b><a href="/wiki/Qianjiang,_Hubei" title="Qianjiang, Hubei">Qianjiang</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:429px; top:294.5px"><b><a href="/wiki/Tianmen" title="Tianmen">Tianmen</a></b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:176.5px; top:179.5px"><b><a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a><br />Frsty. Dist.</b></div> <div style="position:absolute; left:544px; top:42px"><span style="color: #CCFF99;"><b>█</b></span> <span style="color: grey;"><b>Provincial administered<br />county-level divisions</b></span></div> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_division_codes_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China">Division code</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Division </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Area in km<sup>2</sup><sup id="cite_ref-nj2013_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nj2013-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Population 2010<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Seat </th> <th scope="col" colspan="4">Divisions<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col" width="45"><a href="/wiki/District_(China)" title="District (China)">Districts</a> </th> <th scope="col" width="45"><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Counties of the People's Republic of China">Counties</a> </th> <th scope="col" width="45"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_counties_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous counties of the People's Republic of China">Aut. counties</a> </th> <th scope="col" width="45"><a href="/wiki/County-level_city" title="County-level city">CL cities</a>* </th></tr> <tr style="font-weight: bold"> <th>420000</th> <th>Hubei Province </th> <td>185,900.00</td> <td>57,237,740</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> city</td> <td>39</td> <td>35</td> <td>2</td> <td>27 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#98FB98"> <th>420100</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> city </th> <td>8,549.09</td> <td>9,785,392</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jiang%27an_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiang'an District">Jiang'an District</a></td> <td>13</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>420200</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a> city </th> <td>4,582.85</td> <td>2,429,318</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xialu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xialu District">Xialu District</a></td> <td>4</td> <td>1</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>420300</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a> city </th> <td>23,674.41</td> <td>3,340,843</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maojian_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Maojian District">Maojian District</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>4</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>420500</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a> city </th> <td>21,227.00</td> <td>4,059,686</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiling_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiling District">Xiling District</a></td> <td>5</td> <td>3</td> <td>2</td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <th>420600</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a> city </th> <td>19,724.41</td> <td>5,500,307</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiangcheng_District,_Xiangyang" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang">Xiangcheng District</a></td> <td>3</td> <td>3</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <th>420700</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a> city </th> <td>1,593.54</td> <td>1,048,672</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Echeng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Echeng District">Echeng District</a></td> <td>3</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>420800</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a> city </th> <td>12,192.57</td> <td>2,873,687</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dongbao_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongbao District">Dongbao District</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>1</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>420900</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Xiaogan" title="Xiaogan">Xiaogan</a> city </th> <td>8,922.72</td> <td>4,814,542</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiaonan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiaonan District">Xiaonan District</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>3</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <th>421000</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a> city </th> <td>14,068.68</td> <td>5,691,707</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shashi_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shashi District">Shashi District</a></td> <td>2</td> <td>2</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <th>421100</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a> city </th> <td>17,446.63</td> <td>6,162,072</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huangzhou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Huangzhou District">Huangzhou District</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>7</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>421200</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a> city </th> <td>9,749.84</td> <td>2,462,583</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xian%27an_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xian'an District">Xian'an District</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>4</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>421300</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Suizhou" title="Suizhou">Suizhou</a> city </th> <td>9,614.94</td> <td>2,162,222</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zengdu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Zengdu District">Zengdu District</a></td> <td>1</td> <td>1</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th>422800</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi Autonomous Prefecture</a> </th> <td>24,061.25</td> <td>3,290,294</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Enshi_City" title="Enshi City">Enshi</a> city</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>6</td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr style="background:lightgrey; height: 2pt"> <td colspan="12"> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="lightyellow"> <th>429004</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Xiantao" title="Xiantao">Xiantao</a> city** </th> <td>2,538.00</td> <td>1,175,085</td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shazui_Subdistrict&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shazui Subdistrict (page does not exist)">Shazui Subdistrict</a></i></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="lightyellow"> <th>429005</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Qianjiang,_Hubei" title="Qianjiang, Hubei">Qianjiang</a> city** </th> <td>2,004.00</td> <td>946,277</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuanlin_Subdistrict,_Qianjiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuanlin Subdistrict, Qianjiang (page does not exist)"><i>Yuanlin Subdistrict</i></a></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="lightyellow"> <th>429006</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Tianmen" title="Tianmen">Tianmen</a> city** </th> <td>2,622.00</td> <td>1,418,913</td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shazui_Subdistrict&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shazui Subdistrict (page does not exist)">Jingling Subdistrict</a></i></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="lightyellow"> <th>429021</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a> Forestry District ** </th> <td>3,253.00</td> <td>76,140</td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Songbai,_Hubei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Songbai, Hubei (page does not exist)">Songbai</a> town</i></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td bgcolor="grey"></td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="12"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #AAAAAA;background-color:#98FB98; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_divisions_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-provincial divisions in the People's Republic of China">Sub-provincial cities</a></div> <p>* – including Forestry district<br /> ** – Directly administered county-level divisions </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="text-font:90%; width:auto; text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5">Administrative divisions in Chinese and varieties of romanizations </th></tr> <tr> <th>English</th> <th>Chinese</th> <th>Pinyin </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Hubei Province</b></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">湖北省</span></span></td> <td><b>Húběi Shěng</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">武汉市</span></span></td> <td>Wǔhàn Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">黄石市</span></span></td> <td>Huángshí Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">十堰市</span></span></td> <td>Shíyàn Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">宜昌市</span></span></td> <td>Yíchāng Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">襄阳市</span></span></td> <td>Xiāngyáng Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">鄂州市</span></span></td> <td>Èzhōu Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">荆门市</span></span></td> <td>Jīngmén Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiaogan" title="Xiaogan">Xiaogan</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">孝感市</span></span></td> <td>Xiàogǎn Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">荆州市</span></span></td> <td>Jīngzhōu Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">黄冈市</span></span></td> <td>Huánggāng Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">咸宁市</span></span></td> <td>Xiánníng Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Suizhou" title="Suizhou">Suizhou</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">随州市</span></span></td> <td>Suízhōu Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi Autonomous Prefecture</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">恩施自治州</span></span></td> <td>Ēnshī Zhōu </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiantao" title="Xiantao">Xiantao</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">仙桃市</span></span></td> <td>Xiāntáo Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Qianjiang,_Hubei" title="Qianjiang, Hubei">Qianjiang</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">潜江市</span></span></td> <td>Qiánjiāng Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tianmen" title="Tianmen">Tianmen</a> city</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">天门市</span></span></td> <td>Tiānmén Shì </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a> Forestry District</td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">神农架林区</span></span></td> <td>Shénnóngjià Línqū </td></tr></tbody></table><p>The thirteen <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Prefectures of the People's Republic of China">Prefecture</a> and four directly administered <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China#County_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China">county-level divisions</a> of Hubei are subdivided into 103 <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China#County_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China">county-level divisions</a> (39 <a href="/wiki/District_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="District of China">districts</a>, 24 <a href="/wiki/County-level_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="County-level cities">county-level cities</a>, 37 <a href="/wiki/County_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="County (People's Republic of China)">counties</a>, 2 <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_counties" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous counties">autonomous counties</a>, 1 forestry district; the directly administered county-level divisions are included here). Those are in turn divided into 1234 <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China#Township_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China">township-level divisions</a> (737 <a href="/wiki/Town_(China)" title="Town (China)">towns</a>, 215 <a href="/wiki/Townships_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Townships of the People's Republic of China">townships</a>, nine <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_township" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic township">ethnic townships</a>, and 273 <a href="/wiki/Subdistricts_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Subdistricts of China">subdistricts</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urban_areas">Urban areas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Urban areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="6">Population by urban areas of prefecture & county cities </th></tr> <tr> <th>#</th> <th>City</th> <th style="background-color: #aaaaff;">Urban area<sup id="cite_ref-2010PRCcensus_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010PRCcensus-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th style="background-color: #aaffaa;">District area<sup id="cite_ref-2010PRCcensus_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010PRCcensus-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th style="background-color: #ffaaaa;">City proper<sup id="cite_ref-2010PRCcensus_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010PRCcensus-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Census date </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></b></td> <td>7,541,527</td> <td>9,785,388</td> <td>9,785,388</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a><sup id="cite_ref-Xiangyang_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Xiangyang-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>1,433,057</td> <td>2,199,690</td> <td>5,500,307</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a></td> <td>1,049,363</td> <td>1,411,380</td> <td>4,059,686</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a></td> <td>904,157</td> <td>1,154,086</td> <td>5,691,707</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Shiyan_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shiyan-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>724,016</td> <td>767,920</td> <td>3,340,841</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="lightyellow" class="sortbottom"> <td>(5)</td> <td>Shiyan <span style="font-size:85%;">(new district)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Shiyan_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shiyan-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>173,085</td> <td>558,355</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Shiyan</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a></td> <td>691,963</td> <td>691,963</td> <td>2,429,318</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tianmen" title="Tianmen">Tianmen</a></td> <td>612,515</td> <td>1,418,913</td> <td>1,418,913</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a></td> <td>607,739</td> <td>1,048,668</td> <td>1,048,668</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiaogan" title="Xiaogan">Xiaogan</a></td> <td>582,403</td> <td>908,266</td> <td>4,814,542</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xiantao" title="Xiantao">Xiantao</a></td> <td>553,029</td> <td>1,175,085</td> <td>1,175,085</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanchuan" title="Hanchuan">Hanchuan</a></td> <td>468,868</td> <td>1,015,507</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Xiaogan</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daye" title="Daye">Daye</a></td> <td>449,998</td> <td>909,724</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Huangshi</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zaoyang" title="Zaoyang">Zaoyang</a></td> <td>442,367</td> <td>1,004,741</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Xiangyang</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhongxiang" title="Zhongxiang">Zhongxiang</a></td> <td>439,019</td> <td>1,022,514</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Jingmen</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Qianjiang,_Hubei" title="Qianjiang, Hubei">Qianjiang</a></td> <td>437,757</td> <td>946,277</td> <td>946,277</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a></td> <td>426,119</td> <td>632,954</td> <td>2,873,687</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>17</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Suizhou" title="Suizhou">Suizhou</a></td> <td>393,173</td> <td>618,582</td> <td>2,162,222</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>18</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a></td> <td>340,723</td> <td>512,517</td> <td>2,462,583</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>19</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Enshi_City" title="Enshi City">Enshi</a></td> <td>320,107</td> <td>749,574</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>part of <a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi Prefecture</a></i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>20</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Macheng" title="Macheng">Macheng</a></td> <td>302,671</td> <td>849,090</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Huanggang</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>21</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yingcheng" title="Yingcheng">Yingcheng</a></td> <td>302,026</td> <td>593,812</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Xiaogan</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>22</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Honghu" title="Honghu">Honghu</a></td> <td>278,685</td> <td>819,446</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Jingzhou</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>23</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guangshui" title="Guangshui">Guangshui</a></td> <td>272,402</td> <td>755,910</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Suizhou</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>24</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Songzi" title="Songzi">Songzi</a></td> <td>271,514</td> <td>765,911</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Jingzhou</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>25</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wuxue" title="Wuxue">Wuxue</a></td> <td>270,882</td> <td>644,247</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Huanggang</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>26</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a></td> <td>267,860</td> <td>366,769</td> <td>6,162,069</td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="lightyellow"> <td>(27)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jingshan,_Hubei" title="Jingshan, Hubei">Jingshan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jingshan_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jingshan-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>266,341</td> <td>636,776</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Jingmen</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>28</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anlu" title="Anlu">Anlu</a></td> <td>237,409</td> <td>568,590</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Xiaogan</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>29</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhijiang,_Hubei" title="Zhijiang, Hubei">Zhijiang</a></td> <td>218,396</td> <td>495,995</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Yichang</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>30</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shishou" title="Shishou">Shishou</a></td> <td>213,851</td> <td>577,022</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Jingzhou</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>31</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Laohekou" title="Laohekou">Laohekou</a></td> <td>212,645</td> <td>471,482</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Xiangyang</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>32</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chibi,_Hubei" title="Chibi, Hubei">Chibi</a></td> <td>202,542</td> <td>478,410</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Xianning</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>33</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yicheng,_Hubei" title="Yicheng, Hubei">Yicheng</a></td> <td>201,945</td> <td>512,530</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Xiangyang</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>34</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lichuan,_Hubei" title="Lichuan, Hubei">Lichuan</a></td> <td>195,749</td> <td>654,094</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>part of <a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi Prefecture</a></i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>35</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Danjiangkou" title="Danjiangkou">Danjiangkou</a></td> <td>190,021</td> <td>443,755</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Shiyan</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>36</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dangyang" title="Dangyang">Dangyang</a></td> <td>183,823</td> <td>468,293</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Yichang</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr> <tr> <td>37</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yidu" title="Yidu">Yidu</a></td> <td>176,233</td> <td>384,598</td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>see Yichang</i></span></td> <td>2010-11-01 </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">湖北</span>; <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">hoo-<span style="font-size:90%">BAY</span></i></a>;<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Xiangyang-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Xiangyang_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Formerly known as Xiangfan PLC until 2 December 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shiyan-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shiyan_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shiyan_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">New district established after census: <a href="/wiki/Yunyang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunyang District">Yunyang (Yunxian County)</a>. The new district not included in the urban area & district area count of the pre-expanded city.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jingshan-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jingshan_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jingshan County is currently known as Jingshan CLC after census.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Most populous cities in Hubei</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;">Source: <i>China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2018</i> Urban Population and Urban Temporary Population<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank </th> <th> </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th>Rank </th> <th> </th> <th>Pop.</th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E4%B8%89%E9%98%B3%E8%B7%AF%26%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E5%85%AC%E9%93%81%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93%EF%BC%884%EF%BC%89.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wuhan"><img alt="Wuhan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/%E4%B8%89%E9%98%B3%E8%B7%AF%26%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E5%85%AC%E9%93%81%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93%EF%BC%884%EF%BC%89.jpg/120px-%E4%B8%89%E9%98%B3%E8%B7%AF%26%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E5%85%AC%E9%93%81%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93%EF%BC%884%EF%BC%89.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/%E4%B8%89%E9%98%B3%E8%B7%AF%26%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E5%85%AC%E9%93%81%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93%EF%BC%884%EF%BC%89.jpg/250px-%E4%B8%89%E9%98%B3%E8%B7%AF%26%E6%AD%A6%E6%B1%89%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E5%85%AC%E9%93%81%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93%EF%BC%884%EF%BC%89.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%A5%84%E9%98%B3%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%8E_-_panoramio_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Xiangyang"><img alt="Xiangyang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%E8%A5%84%E9%98%B3%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%8E_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/120px-%E8%A5%84%E9%98%B3%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%8E_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%E8%A5%84%E9%98%B3%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%8E_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/180px-%E8%A5%84%E9%98%B3%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%8E_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/%E8%A5%84%E9%98%B3%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%8E_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/240px-%E8%A5%84%E9%98%B3%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%8E_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,180,000</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Qianjiang,_Hubei" title="Qianjiang, Hubei">Qianjiang</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">437,400 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yichang_skyline_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yichang"><img alt="Yichang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Yichang_skyline_5.jpg/120px-Yichang_skyline_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Yichang_skyline_5.jpg/180px-Yichang_skyline_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Yichang_skyline_5.jpg/240px-Yichang_skyline_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%8D%86%E5%B7%9E%E5%9F%8E%E4%B8%9C%E9%97%A8%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%A4%E5%9F%8E%E6%B2%B3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jingzhou"><img alt="Jingzhou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/%E8%8D%86%E5%B7%9E%E5%9F%8E%E4%B8%9C%E9%97%A8%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%A4%E5%9F%8E%E6%B2%B3.jpg/120px-%E8%8D%86%E5%B7%9E%E5%9F%8E%E4%B8%9C%E9%97%A8%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%A4%E5%9F%8E%E6%B2%B3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/%E8%8D%86%E5%B7%9E%E5%9F%8E%E4%B8%9C%E9%97%A8%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%A4%E5%9F%8E%E6%B2%B3.jpg/180px-%E8%8D%86%E5%B7%9E%E5%9F%8E%E4%B8%9C%E9%97%A8%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%A4%E5%9F%8E%E6%B2%B3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/%E8%8D%86%E5%B7%9E%E5%9F%8E%E4%B8%9C%E9%97%A8%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%A4%E5%9F%8E%E6%B2%B3.jpg/240px-%E8%8D%86%E5%B7%9E%E5%9F%8E%E4%B8%9C%E9%97%A8%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%A4%E5%9F%8E%E6%B2%B3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5312" data-file-height="2988" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,325,700</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">413,200 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">931,300</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Xiantao" title="Xiantao">Xiantao</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">405,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">870,500</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hanchuan" title="Hanchuan">Hanchuan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">345,900 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">859,900</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">338,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">734,400</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Zaoyang" title="Zaoyang">Zaoyang</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">320,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Xiaogan" title="Xiaogan">Xiaogan</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">573,800</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Guangshui" title="Guangshui">Guangshui</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">319,300 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">571,700</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Daye" title="Daye">Daye</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">303,900 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Suizhou" title="Suizhou">Suizhou</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">502,500</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tianmen" title="Tianmen">Tianmen</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">299,200 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">459,700</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Wuxue" title="Wuxue">Wuxue</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">293,000 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hubei" title="Governor of Hubei">Governor of Hubei</a> and <a href="/wiki/Party_Secretary_of_Hubei" title="Party Secretary of Hubei">Party Secretary of Hubei</a></div> <p>Like all <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_China" title="Politics of China">governing institutions in mainland China</a>, Hubei has a parallel party-government system,<sup id="cite_ref-PoliticalSystem2_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PoliticalSystem2-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which the <a href="/wiki/Party_Secretary_of_Hubei" title="Party Secretary of Hubei">CCP Hubei Provincial Committee Secretary</a> outranks the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Hubei" title="Governor of Hubei">Governor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Hubei_Provincial_Committee_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Hubei Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party">CCP Hubei Provincial Committee</a> acts as the top policy-formulation body, and has control over the Hubei Provincial People's Government. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ThreeGorgesDam-China2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/ThreeGorgesDam-China2009.jpg/250px-ThreeGorgesDam-China2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/ThreeGorgesDam-China2009.jpg/500px-ThreeGorgesDam-China2009.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2847" data-file-height="1768" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam" title="Three Gorges Dam">Three Gorges Dam</a> on the Yangtze River</figcaption></figure> <p>Hubei is often called the "Land of Fish and Rice" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-CN">鱼米之乡</span></span>). Important agricultural products in Hubei include <a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">cotton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a>, while industries include <a href="/wiki/Automobiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobiles">automobiles</a>, metallurgy, machinery, power generation, textiles, foodstuffs and high-tech commodities.<sup id="cite_ref-thechinaperspective.com_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thechinaperspective.com-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">Mineral</a> resources that can be found in Hubei in significant quantities include <a href="/wiki/Borax" title="Borax">borax</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hongshiite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hongshiite (page does not exist)">hongshiite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wollastonite" title="Wollastonite">wollastonite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garnet" title="Garnet">garnet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marlstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Marlstone">marlstone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">phosphorus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gypsum" title="Gypsum">gypsum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rutile" title="Rutile">rutile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rock_salt" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock salt">rock salt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> amalgam, <a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">manganese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">vanadium</a>. The province's recoverable reserves of <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a> stand at 548 million tons, which is modest compared to other Chinese provinces. Hubei is well known for its mines of fine turquoise and green faustite.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Hubei was a major recipient of China's investment in industrial capacity during the <a href="/wiki/Third_Front_(China)" title="Third Front (China)">Third Front</a> campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 298">: 298 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VM_5278_Muyu_hills_tea_fields.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/VM_5278_Muyu_hills_tea_fields.jpg/222px-VM_5278_Muyu_hills_tea_fields.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/VM_5278_Muyu_hills_tea_fields.jpg/333px-VM_5278_Muyu_hills_tea_fields.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/VM_5278_Muyu_hills_tea_fields.jpg/444px-VM_5278_Muyu_hills_tea_fields.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Tea plantations on the western slopes of the <a href="/wiki/Muyu,_Hubei" title="Muyu, Hubei">Muyu</a> Valley</figcaption></figure> <p>Since completion in 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges_Dam" title="Three Gorges Dam">Three Gorges Dam</a> in western Hubei provides plentiful <a href="/wiki/Hydroelectricity" title="Hydroelectricity">hydroelectricity</a>, with an average annual power production of 95 Twh. Existing hydroelectric stations include <a href="/wiki/Gezhouba_Dam" title="Gezhouba Dam">Gezhouba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Danjiangkou" title="Danjiangkou">Danjiangkou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geheyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Geheyan">Geheyan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanjiang_Dam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanjiang Dam (page does not exist)">Hanjiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duhe" class="mw-redirect" title="Duhe">Duhe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huanglongtan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huanglongtan (page does not exist)">Huanglongtan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bailianhe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bailianhe (page does not exist)">Bailianhe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lushui" title="Lushui">Lushui</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fushui" class="mw-redirect" title="Fushui">Fushui</a>. </p><p>Hubei is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_provincial-level_divisions_by_GDP" title="List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP">7th-largest provincial economy</a> of China, the second largest in the <a href="/wiki/Central_China" title="Central China">Central China</a> region after <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a>, the third largest in the <a href="/wiki/South_Central_China" title="South Central China">South Central China</a> region after <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> and Henan and the third largest among inland provinces after <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a>. As of 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Hubei's <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product#Nominal_GDP_and_adjustments_to_GDP" title="Gross domestic product">nominal GDP</a> was US$787 billion (CNY 5 trillion). Its GDP (nominal) per capita exceeded US$13,000, making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_provincial-level_divisions_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP per capita">richest landlocked province</a>, the richest province in the <a href="/wiki/Central_China" title="Central China">Central China</a> region, and 2nd richest province in <a href="/wiki/South_Central_China" title="South Central China">South Central China</a> region after <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_and_Technological_Development_Zones">Economic and Technological Development Zones</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Economic and Technological Development Zones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Hubei Jingzhou Chengnan Economic Development Zone was established in 1992 under the approval of Hubei Government. Three major industries include textile, petroleum and chemical processing, with a combined output accounts for 90% of its total output. The zone also enjoys a well-developed transportation network—only 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the airport and 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the railway station.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> East Lake High-Tech Development Zone is a national level high-tech development zone. Optical-electronics, telecommunications, and equipment manufacturing are the core industries of Wuhan East Lake High-Tech Development Zone (ELHTZ) while software outsourcing and electronics are also encouraged. ELHTZ is China's largest production centre for optical-electronic products with key players like Changfei Fiber-optical Cables (the largest fiber-optical cable maker in China), Fenghuo Telecommunications and Wuhan Research Institute of Post and Telecommunications (the largest research institute in optical telecommunications in China). Wuhan ELHTZ represents the development centre for China's laser industry with key players such as HUST Technologies and Chutian Laser being based in the zone.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> Economic and Technological Development Zone is a national level industrial zone incorporated in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-rightsite1_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rightsite1-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its size is about 10–25 square km and it plans to expand to 25–50 square km. Industries encouraged in Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone include automobile production/assembly, biotechnology/pharmaceuticals, chemicals production and processing, food/beverage processing, heavy industry, and telecommunications equipment.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> Export Processing Zone was established in 2000. It is located in Wuhan Economic & Technology Development Zone, planned to cover land of 2.7 km<sup>2</sup> (1.0 sq mi). The first 0.7 km<sup>2</sup> (0.27 sq mi) area has been launched.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> Optical Valley (Guanggu) Software Park is in Wuhan East Lake High-Tech Development Zone. Wuhan Optics Valley Software Park is jointly developed by East Lake High-Tech Development Zone and Dalian Software Park Co., Ltd.<sup id="cite_ref-RightSite.asia_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RightSite.asia-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The planned area is 0.67 km<sup>2</sup> (0.26 sq mi) with total floor area of 600,000 square meters. The zone is 8.5 km (5.28 mi) from the 316 National Highway and is 46.7 km (29.02 mi) from the Wuhan Tianhe Airport.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a> New & Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1912<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">29,590,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1928<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">26,699,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−9.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1936–37<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">25,516,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−4.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1947<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">20,976,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−17.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1952<sup id="cite_ref-use_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-use-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">21,470,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+2.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1954<sup id="cite_ref-census1954_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1954-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">27,789,693</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+29.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1964<sup id="cite_ref-census1964_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1964-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">33,709,344</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+21.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1982<sup id="cite_ref-census1982_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1982-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">47,804,150</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+41.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1990<sup id="cite_ref-census1990_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census1990-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">53,969,210</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2000<sup id="cite_ref-census2000_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2000-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">59,508,870</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+10.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010<sup id="cite_ref-census2010_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2010-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">57,237,740</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2020 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">57,752,557</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.9%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Wuhan (Hankou) part of Hubei Province until 1927; dissolved in 1949 and incorporated into Hubei Province.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Han Chinese</a> form the dominant ethnic group in Hubei. A considerable <a href="/wiki/Hmong_people" title="Hmong people">Miao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tujia_people" title="Tujia people">Tujia</a> population live in the southwestern part of the province, especially in <a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture</a>. </p><p>On October 18, 2009, Chinese officials began to relocate 330,000 residents from the Hubei and <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a> provinces that will be affected by the Danjiangkou Reservoir on the <a href="/wiki/Han_River_(Hanshui)" class="mw-redirect" title="Han River (Hanshui)">Han river</a>. The reservoir is part of the larger <a href="/wiki/South-North_Water_Transfer_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="South-North Water Transfer Project">South-North Water Transfer Project</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1279587269">.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie{display:none;position:relative;width:100px;height:100px;border-radius:50%;background-color:yellowgreen;color:black;border:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie div{position:absolute;transform-origin:left bottom;background-color:#655;color:black;top:0;left:50%;width:50%;height:50%;border-radius:0 500%0 0}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie50{transform-origin:left center;height:100%;border-radius:0 100%100%0/50%}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie12-5{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,100%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie5{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,32.49197%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie7{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,47.056428%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie1{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,6.2914667%0%,0 100%)}@supports(clip-path:circle(50%)){.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie{display:block}}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-container{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:1em;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend{list-style-type:none!important;margin:0!important;padding:0!important}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend>li{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:.5em;margin:0;margin-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend>li>span{display:block;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend>li>.l-color{border:1px solid var(--color-base,black);width:.8em;height:.8em;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .pie-thumb .smooth-pie-container{padding:.5em;padding-bottom:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .pie-thumb .smooth-pie-caption{margin-bottom:1em;font-size:94%}.mw-parser-output .thumbinner>.smooth-pie-container{flex-direction:column-reverse}@media screen and (min-width:641px){.mw-parser-output .thumbinner>.smooth-pie-container{width:min-content}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-container{break-inside:avoid-page}}body.mw-mf .mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-container{align-items:center}body.mw-mf .mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-legend-container{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.5;color:var(--color-subtle,#54595d)}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-legend{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(190px,1fr));gap:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .thumbinner .smooth-pie-footer{margin-top:.5em}}</style> <div class="pie-thumb thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="smooth-pie-container" style=""> <div class="smooth-pie-legend-container"><div class="smooth-pie-caption">Religion in Hubei<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2015_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2015-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> <ol class="smooth-pie-legend"> <li><span class="l-color" style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;background:FireBrick;color:#000"></span><span class="l-label"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_ancestral_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese ancestral religion">Chinese ancestral religion</a> (6.5%)</span></li> <li><span class="l-color" style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;background:DodgerBlue;color:#000"></span><span class="l-label"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> (0.58%)</span></li> <li><span class="l-color" style="-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;background:Honeydew;color:#000"></span><span class="l-label">Other religions or not religious people<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (92.92%)</span></li> </ol> </div> <div class="smooth-pie" style="width:200px;height:200px;background:Honeydew;color:#000;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;" title="Other religions or not religious people'"`UNIQ--ref-0000006B-QINU`"' (92.92%)" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="pie5" style="background:FireBrick;color:#000" title="Chinese ancestral religion (6.5%)"></div> <div class="pie5" style="background:FireBrick;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.015turn)" title="Chinese ancestral religion (6.5%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.065turn); background:DodgerBlue;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 3.77169816% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Christianity (0.58%)"></div> </div> </div></div></div> <p>The predominant religions in Hubei are <a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoist traditions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Chinese Buddhism</a>. According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 6.5% of the population believes and is involved in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_ancestral_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese ancestral religion">cults of ancestors</a>, while 0.58% of the population identifies as Christian, declining from 0.83% in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2015_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2015-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reports did not give figures for other types of religion; 92.92% of the population may be either irreligious or involved in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">worship of nature deities</a>, Buddhism, <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a>, Taoism, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_salvationist_religions" title="Chinese salvationist religions">folk religious sects</a>. </p> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="font-size:88%; line-height:130%"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jingzhou_Taihui_Guan_2014.04.20_14-20-48.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Taihui Taoist Temple in Jingzhou"><img alt="Taihui Taoist Temple in Jingzhou" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Jingzhou_Taihui_Guan_2014.04.20_14-20-48.jpg/330px-Jingzhou_Taihui_Guan_2014.04.20_14-20-48.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Jingzhou_Taihui_Guan_2014.04.20_14-20-48.jpg/500px-Jingzhou_Taihui_Guan_2014.04.20_14-20-48.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Jingzhou_Taihui_Guan_2014.04.20_14-20-48.jpg/960px-Jingzhou_Taihui_Guan_2014.04.20_14-20-48.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Taihui Taoist Temple in <a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wuhan_Baotong_Si_2012.11.21_11-29-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baotong Buddhist Temple in Wuhan"><img alt="Baotong Buddhist Temple in Wuhan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Wuhan_Baotong_Si_2012.11.21_11-29-10.jpg/270px-Wuhan_Baotong_Si_2012.11.21_11-29-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Wuhan_Baotong_Si_2012.11.21_11-29-10.jpg/405px-Wuhan_Baotong_Si_2012.11.21_11-29-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Wuhan_Baotong_Si_2012.11.21_11-29-10.jpg/540px-Wuhan_Baotong_Si_2012.11.21_11-29-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Baotong Buddhist Temple in <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xiangyang_Guangde_Si_2013.08.23_11-27-24.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Guangde Buddhist Temple in Xiangyang"><img alt="Guangde Buddhist Temple in Xiangyang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Xiangyang_Guangde_Si_2013.08.23_11-27-24.jpg/270px-Xiangyang_Guangde_Si_2013.08.23_11-27-24.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Xiangyang_Guangde_Si_2013.08.23_11-27-24.jpg/405px-Xiangyang_Guangde_Si_2013.08.23_11-27-24.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Xiangyang_Guangde_Si_2013.08.23_11-27-24.jpg/540px-Xiangyang_Guangde_Si_2013.08.23_11-27-24.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Guangde Buddhist Temple in <a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 183.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 181.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Worship_at_an_ancestral_temple_in_Hong%27an,_Hubei,_China.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ancestral shrine in Hong'an, Huanggang"><img alt="Ancestral shrine in Hong'an, Huanggang" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Worship_at_an_ancestral_temple_in_Hong%27an%2C_Hubei%2C_China.jpg/330px-Worship_at_an_ancestral_temple_in_Hong%27an%2C_Hubei%2C_China.jpg" decoding="async" width="182" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Worship_at_an_ancestral_temple_in_Hong%27an%2C_Hubei%2C_China.jpg/500px-Worship_at_an_ancestral_temple_in_Hong%27an%2C_Hubei%2C_China.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Worship_at_an_ancestral_temple_in_Hong%27an%2C_Hubei%2C_China.jpg/544px-Worship_at_an_ancestral_temple_in_Hong%27an%2C_Hubei%2C_China.jpg 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="389" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ancestral_shrine" title="Ancestral shrine">Ancestral shrine</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hong%27an_County" title="Hong'an County">Hong'an</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xianning-temple-under-construction-9740.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rural Buddhist community temple in Xianning"><img alt="Rural Buddhist community temple in Xianning" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Xianning-temple-under-construction-9740.jpg/240px-Xianning-temple-under-construction-9740.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Xianning-temple-under-construction-9740.jpg/360px-Xianning-temple-under-construction-9740.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Xianning-temple-under-construction-9740.jpg/480px-Xianning-temple-under-construction-9740.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rural Buddhist community temple in <a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a></div> </li> </ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hubei_Provincial_Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hubei_Provincial_Museum.JPG/250px-Hubei_Provincial_Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hubei_Provincial_Museum.JPG/330px-Hubei_Provincial_Museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hubei_Provincial_Museum.JPG/500px-Hubei_Provincial_Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hubei_Provincial_Museum" title="Hubei Provincial Museum">Hubei Provincial Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hubei-Museum-of-Art-0142.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Hubei-Museum-of-Art-0142.jpg/220px-Hubei-Museum-of-Art-0142.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Hubei-Museum-of-Art-0142.jpg/330px-Hubei-Museum-of-Art-0142.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Hubei-Museum-of-Art-0142.jpg/440px-Hubei-Museum-of-Art-0142.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Hubei Museum of Art</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hubei_Provincial_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Hubei_Provincial_Library.jpg/220px-Hubei_Provincial_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Hubei_Provincial_Library.jpg/330px-Hubei_Provincial_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Hubei_Provincial_Library.jpg/440px-Hubei_Provincial_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1440" /></a><figcaption>Hubei Provincial Library</figcaption></figure> <p>People in Hubei speak <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> dialects; most of these dialects are classified as <a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Mandarin" title="Southwestern Mandarin">Southwestern Mandarin</a> dialects, a group that also encompasses the Mandarin dialects of most of southwestern China.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Perhaps the most celebrated element of <a href="/wiki/Hubei_cuisine" title="Hubei cuisine">Hubei cuisine</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Wuchang_bream" title="Wuchang bream">Wuchang bream</a>, a freshwater <a href="/wiki/Bream" title="Bream">bream</a> that is commonly steamed.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Types of traditional <a href="/wiki/Chinese_opera" title="Chinese opera">Chinese opera</a> popular in Hubei include <a href="/wiki/Han_opera" title="Han opera">Hanju</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chuju_(Chinese_opera)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chuju (Chinese opera) (page does not exist)">Chuju</a> (<span lang="zh">楚剧</span>; <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Chǔ Jù</span></i>). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a> area is the alleged home of the <i><a href="/wiki/Yeren" title="Yeren">Yeren</a></i>, a wild undiscovered <a href="/wiki/Hominidae" title="Hominidae">hominid</a> that lives in the forested hills. </p><p>The people of Hubei are given the uncomplimentary nickname "<a href="/wiki/Nine-headed_Bird" class="mw-redirect" title="Nine-headed Bird">Nine-headed Birds</a>" by other Chinese, from a <a href="/wiki/Chinese_mythology" title="Chinese mythology">mythological</a> creature said to be very aggressive and hard to kill. <i>"In the sky live nine-headed birds. On the earth live Hubei people."</i> (<span lang="zh-Hans">天上九头鸟，地上湖北佬</span>; <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Tiānshàng jiǔ tóu niǎo, dìshàng Húběi lǎo</span></i>) </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> is one of the major culture centers in China. </p><p>Hubei is thought to be the province that originated the card game of <i><a href="/wiki/Dou_dizhu" title="Dou dizhu">dou dizhu</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2022, Hubei hosts 130 institutions of higher education, ranking sixth together with <a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a> (130) among all Chinese provinces after <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a> (168), <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a> (160), <a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a> (156), <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a> (153), and <a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a> (134).<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Huazhong_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Huazhong University of Science and Technology">Huazhong University of Science and Technology</a>(HUST), <a href="/wiki/Wuhan_University" title="Wuhan University">Wuhan University</a> and many other institutions in Wuhan make it a hub of higher education and research in China. Wuhan is the city that has the largest college student population in the world (1.3 million) studying in its 89 universities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universities">Universities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Universities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Garden_At_Huazhong_Agricultural_University_Wuhan_(263978353).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Garden_At_Huazhong_Agricultural_University_Wuhan_%28263978353%29.jpeg/220px-Garden_At_Huazhong_Agricultural_University_Wuhan_%28263978353%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Garden_At_Huazhong_Agricultural_University_Wuhan_%28263978353%29.jpeg/330px-Garden_At_Huazhong_Agricultural_University_Wuhan_%28263978353%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Garden_At_Huazhong_Agricultural_University_Wuhan_%28263978353%29.jpeg/440px-Garden_At_Huazhong_Agricultural_University_Wuhan_%28263978353%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Garden At Huazhong Agricultural University</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Hubei" title="List of universities and colleges in Hubei">List of universities and colleges in Hubei</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huazhong_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Huazhong University of Science and Technology">Huazhong University of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_University" title="Wuhan University">Wuhan University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_China_Normal_University" title="Central China Normal University">Central China Normal University</a> (Huazhong Normal University)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_University_of_Technology" title="Wuhan University of Technology">Wuhan University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huazhong_Agricultural_University" title="Huazhong Agricultural University">Huazhong Agricultural University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubei_University_of_Technology" title="Hubei University of Technology">Hubei University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongnan_University_of_Economics_and_Law" title="Zhongnan University of Economics and Law">Zhongnan University of Economics and Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_University_of_Geosciences_(Wuhan)" title="China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)">China University of Geosciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jianghan_University" title="Jianghan University">Jianghan University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubei_University" title="Hubei University">Hubei University</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei_University_of_Economics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubei University of Economics (page does not exist)">Hubei University of Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei_University_of_Education&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubei University of Education (page does not exist)">Hubei University of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Three_Gorges_University" title="China Three Gorges University">China Three Gorges University</a> (yichang)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Institute_of_Technology" title="Wuhan Institute of Technology">Wuhan Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Wuhan University of Science and Technology">Wuhan University of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangtze_University" title="Yangtze University">Yangtze University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South-Central_University_for_Nationalities" class="mw-redirect" title="South-Central University for Nationalities">South-Central University for Nationalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubei_Institute_of_Fine_Arts" title="Hubei Institute of Fine Arts">Hubei Institute of Fine Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wuhan_Technology_and_Business_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wuhan Technology and Business University (page does not exist)">Wuhan Technology and Business University</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wuhan_Technical_College_of_Communications&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wuhan Technical College of Communications (page does not exist)">Wuhan Technical College of Communications</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wuhan-boat-0157.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Wuhan-boat-0157.jpg/250px-Wuhan-boat-0157.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Wuhan-boat-0157.jpg/330px-Wuhan-boat-0157.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Wuhan-boat-0157.jpg/500px-Wuhan-boat-0157.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Boats on the <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River">Yangtze River</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Prior to the construction of China's national railway network, the <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River">Yangtze</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hanshui" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanshui">Hanshui</a> Rivers had been the main transportation arteries of Hubei for many centuries, and still continue to play an important transport role. </p><p>Historically, Hubei's overland transport network was hampered by the lack of bridges across the <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River">Yangtze River</a>, which divides the province into northern and southern regions. The first bridge across the Yangtze in Hubei, the <a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Yangtze_River_Bridge" title="Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge">Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge</a> was completed in 1957, followed by the Zhicheng Bridge in 1971. As of October 2014<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Hubei had <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River_bridges_and_tunnels" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River bridges and tunnels">23 bridges and tunnels</a> across the Yangtze River, including nine bridges and three tunnels in Wuhan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Jingguang_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Jingguang railway">railway from Beijing</a> reached Wuhan in 1905, and was later extended to Guangzhou, becoming the first north-to-south railway mainline to cross China. A number of other lines crossed the province later on, including the <a href="/wiki/Jiaozuo%E2%80%93Liuzhou_railway" title="Jiaozuo–Liuzhou railway">Jiaozuo–Liuzhou railway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Beijing%E2%80%93Kowloon_railway" title="Beijing–Kowloon railway">Beijing–Kowloon railway</a>, respectively, in the western and eastern part of the province. </p><p>The first decade of the 21st century has seen a large amount of new railway construction in Hubei. The <a href="/wiki/Wuhan%E2%80%93Guangzhou_high-speed_railway" title="Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway">Wuhan–Guangzhou high-speed railway</a>, roughly parallel to the original Wuhan-Guangzhou line, opened in late 2009, it was subsequently extended to the north, to Beijing becoming the <a href="/wiki/Beijing%E2%80%93Guangzhou_high-speed_railway" title="Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway">Beijing–Guangzhou high-speed railway</a>. An east-west high-speed corridor connecting major cities along the Yangtze, the <a href="/wiki/Shanghai%E2%80%93Wuhan%E2%80%93Chengdu_passenger_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu passenger railway">Shanghai–Wuhan–Chengdu passenger railway</a> was gradually opened between 2008 and 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Wuhan%E2%80%93Yichang_railway" title="Wuhan–Yichang railway">Wuhan–Yichang railway</a> section of it opening in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Wuhan%E2%80%93Xiaogan_intercity_railway" title="Wuhan–Xiaogan intercity railway">Wuhan–Xiaogan intercity railway</a> was opened in December 2016 and it was extended when the <a href="/wiki/Wuhan%E2%80%93Shiyan_high-speed_railway" title="Wuhan–Shiyan high-speed railway">Wuhan–Shiyan high-speed railway</a> opened in November 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IRG_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IRG-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hubei's main airport is <a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Tianhe_International_Airport" title="Wuhan Tianhe International Airport">Wuhan Tianhe International Airport</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yichang_Sanxia_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Yichang Sanxia Airport">Yichang Sanxia Airport</a> serves the Three Gorges region. There are also passenger airports <a href="/wiki/Xiangyang_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiangyang Airport">in Xiangyang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enshi_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Enshi Airport">Enshi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shashi_Airport" title="Shashi Airport">Shashi Airport</a>, named after the city's <a href="/wiki/Shashi_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shashi District">Shashi District</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The province's best-known natural attraction (shared with the adjacent <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> municipality) is the scenic area of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges" title="Three Gorges">Three Gorges</a> of the Yangtze. Located in the far west of the province, the gorges can be conveniently visited by one of the numerous tourist boats (or regular passenger boats) that travel up the Yangtze from <a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges" title="Three Gorges">Three Gorges</a> and into the neighboring <a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a> municipality. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Daba_Mountains" title="Daba Mountains">mountains of western Hubei</a>, in particular in <a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a> District, offer a welcome respite from Wuhan's and Yichang's summer heat, as well as skiing opportunities in winter. The tourist facilities in that area concentrate around <a href="/wiki/Muyu,_Hubei" title="Muyu, Hubei">Muyu</a> in the southern part of <a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a>, the gateway to Shennongjia National Nature Reserve (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">神农架国家自然保护区</span></span>). Closer to the provincial capital, Wuhan, is the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_Jiugong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount Jiugong (page does not exist)">Mount Jiugong</a> (<i>Jiugongshan</i>) national park, in <a href="/wiki/Tongshan_County,_Hubei" class="mw-redirect" title="Tongshan County, Hubei">Tongshan County</a> near the border with <a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a>. </p><p>A particular important site of both natural and cultural significance is <a href="/wiki/Mount_Wudang" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Wudang">Mount Wudang</a> (<i>Wudangshan</i>) in the northwest of the province. Originally created early in the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a>, its building complex has been listed by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> since 1994 as a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>. </p><p>Other historic attractions in Hubei include: </p> <ul><li>The old <a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a> City</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muraille_Est_de_Jingzhou.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Muraille_Est_de_Jingzhou.JPG/220px-Muraille_Est_de_Jingzhou.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Muraille_Est_de_Jingzhou.JPG/330px-Muraille_Est_de_Jingzhou.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Muraille_Est_de_Jingzhou.JPG/440px-Muraille_Est_de_Jingzhou.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2248" /></a><figcaption>East side of Jingzhou old city wall</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The Xianling Mausoleum, built by the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> <a href="/wiki/Jiajing_Emperor" title="Jiajing Emperor">Jiajing Emperor</a> for his parents at their <a href="/wiki/Fief" title="Fief">fief</a> near <a href="/wiki/Zhongxiang" title="Zhongxiang">Zhongxiang</a><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Yellow_Crane_Tower" title="Yellow Crane Tower">Yellow Crane Tower</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Hubei_Provincial_Museum" title="Hubei Provincial Museum">Hubei Provincial Museum</a> in Wuhan, with extensive archaeological and cultural exhibits and performance presentations of ancient music and dance. This is one of the best places to learn about the ancient <a href="/wiki/State_of_Chu" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Chu">state of Chu</a>, which flourished in the territory of present-day Hubei during the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Zhou_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Zhou dynasty">Eastern Zhou dynasty</a> and developed its own unique culture, quite distinct from that of the <a href="/wiki/Shang_dynasty" title="Shang dynasty">Shang</a>/<a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou</a> civilization of northern China.</li></ul> <p>The province also has historical sites connected with China's more recent history, such as the <a href="/wiki/Wuchang_Uprising" title="Wuchang Uprising">Wuchang Uprising</a> Memorial in Wuhan, <a href="/wiki/Underground_Project_131" title="Underground Project 131">Project 131</a> site (a Cultural-Revolution-era underground military command center) in <a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a>, and the National Mining Park (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">国家矿山公园</span></span>) in <a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hustfields.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/25/Hustfields.jpg/250px-Hustfields.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/25/Hustfields.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="164" /></a><figcaption>University Stadium of <a href="/wiki/Huazhong_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Huazhong University of Science and Technology">Huazhong University of Science and Technology</a> in Wuhan</figcaption></figure> <p>Professional sports teams in Hubei include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Three_Towns_F.C." title="Wuhan Three Towns F.C.">Wuhan Three Towns F.C.</a> plays in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Super_League" title="Chinese Super League">Chinese Super League</a>, the highest level football league in China.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_State/Twinning"><span id="Sister_State.2FTwinning"></span>Sister State/Twinning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sister State/Twinning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following a July 1979 State of Ohio Trade Mission to China, Hubei and <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a> formed a sister province-state relationship.<sup id="cite_ref-:05_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:05-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 111–113">: 111–113 </span></sup> The pairing was based on the fact that both Hubei and Ohio are located in national heartlands, are large industrial areas and transportation hubs, and have significant agricultural sectors.<sup id="cite_ref-:05_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:05-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 113">: 113 </span></sup> </p><p>In 2005, Hubei province signed a twinning agreement with <a href="/wiki/Telemark" title="Telemark">Telemark</a> county of Norway, and a "Norway-Hubei Week" was held in 2007. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1954_Yangtze_River_floods" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 Yangtze River floods">1954 Yangtze River floods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prisons_in_Hubei" title="List of prisons in Hubei">List of prisons in Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_national_historical_and_cultural_sites_(Hubei)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major national historical and cultural sites (Hubei)">Major national historical and cultural sites in Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This may include: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhists</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucians</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Deity worshippers</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoists</a>;</li> <li>Members of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_salvationist_religions" title="Chinese salvationist religions">folk religious sects</a>;</li> <li>Small minorities of <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslims</a>;</li> <li>People not bounded to nor practicing any institutional or diffuse religion.</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The data was collected by the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) of 2009 and by the Chinese Spiritual Life Survey (CSLS) of 2007, reported and assembled by Xiuhua Wang (2015)<sup id="cite_ref-Wang2015_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wang2015-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in order to confront the proportion of people identifying with two similar social structures: ① Christian churches, and ② the traditional Chinese religion of the lineage (i.e. people believing and worshipping ancestral deities often organised into <a href="/wiki/Chinese_lineage_associations" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese lineage associations">lineage "churches"</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancestral_shrine" title="Ancestral shrine">ancestral shrines</a>). Data for other religions with a significant presence in China (deity cults, Buddhism, Taoism, folk religious sects, Islam, et al.) was not reported by Wang.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mofcom-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mofcom_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/zt_business/lanmub/200704/20070404609936.htm">"Hubei Survey"</a>. Ministry Of Commerce. 25 April 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180406185510/http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/aarticle/zt_business/lanmub/200704/20070404609936.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2018</span>. <q>Hubei {...} an area of 185,900 square km.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hubei+Survey&rft.pub=Ministry+Of+Commerce&rft.date=2007-04-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.mofcom.gov.cn%2Faarticle%2Fzt_business%2Flanmub%2F200704%2F20070404609936.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.cn/test/2013-03/26/content_2362487.htm"><bdi lang="zh">湖北</bdi></a> [Hubei] (in Chinese). The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. 26 March 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160708151501/http://www.gov.cn/test/2013-03/26/content_2362487.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2016</span>. <bdi lang="zh">全省国土总面积18.59万平方公里</bdi></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97&rft.pub=The+Central+People%27s+Government+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rft.date=2013-03-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.cn%2Ftest%2F2013-03%2F26%2Fcontent_2362487.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202105/t20210510_1817188.html">"Communiqué of the Seventh National Population Census (No. 3)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. 11 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Communiqu%C3%A9+of+the+Seventh+National+Population+Census+%28No.+3%29&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft.date=2021-05-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Fenglish%2FPressRelease%2F202105%2Ft20210510_1817188.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GDPdata-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GDPdata_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hubei.gov.cn/zwgk/hbyw/hbywqb/202403/t20240327_5135745.shtml"><bdi lang="zh">2023年湖北省国民经济和社会发展统计公报</bdi></a>. hubei.gov.cn. March 27, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2023%E5%B9%B4%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%92%8C%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft.pub=hubei.gov.cn&rft.date=2024-03-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hubei.gov.cn%2Fzwgk%2Fhbyw%2Fhbywqb%2F202403%2Ft20240327_5135745.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SHDI-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SHDI_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/CHN/?levels=1+4&years=2022&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0">"Human Development Indices (8.0)- China"</a>. <i>Global Data Lab</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+Data+Lab&rft.atitle=Human+Development+Indices+%288.0%29-+China&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobaldatalab.org%2Fshdi%2Ftable%2Fshdi%2FCHN%2F%3Flevels%3D1%2B4%26years%3D2022%26interpolation%3D0%26extrapolation%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518055407/https://www.lexico.com/definition/Hubei">"Hubei"</a>. <i>Lexico UK English Dictionary</i>. Oxford University Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexico.com/definition/Hubei">the original</a> on May 18, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hubei&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2FHubei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Chinese)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.people.com.cn/GB/shenghuo/1090/2435218.html">Origin of the Names of China's Provinces</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160427100058/http://www.people.com.cn/GB/shenghuo/1090/2435218.html">Archived</a> 2016-04-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Daily_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Daily Online">People's Daily Online</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZhang2013" class="citation book cs1">Zhang, Chi (張弛) (2013). "The Qujialing-Shijiahe Culture in the Middle Yangzi River Valley". In Underhill, Anne P. (ed.). <i>A Companion to Chinese Archaeology</i>. Chichester: <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_%26_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley & Sons">John Wiley & Sons</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">510–</span>34. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781118325698">10.1002/9781118325698</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-3529-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4443-3529-3"><bdi>978-1-4443-3529-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Qujialing-Shijiahe+Culture+in+the+Middle+Yangzi+River+Valley&rft.btitle=A+Companion+to+Chinese+Archaeology&rft.place=Chichester&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E510-%3C%2Fspan%3E34&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9781118325698&rft.isbn=978-1-4443-3529-3&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Chi+%28%E5%BC%B5%E5%BC%9B%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFladChen2013" class="citation book cs1">Flad, Rowan K.; Chen, Pochan (2013). <i>Ancient Central China: Centers and Peripheries along the Yangzi River</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-72766-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-72766-2"><bdi>978-0-521-72766-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Central+China%3A+Centers+and+Peripheries+along+the+Yangzi+River&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-521-72766-2&rft.aulast=Flad&rft.aufirst=Rowan+K.&rft.au=Chen%2C+Pochan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Constance A. Cook and John S. Major, eds. Defining Chu: Image and Reality in Ancient China, (Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1999); Lothar von Falkenhausen, Chinese Society in the Age of Confucius (1000–250 BC): The Archaeological Evidence (Los Angeles: Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, 2006), 262–88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/Han_Feizi" title="Han Feizi">韩非子</a>·初见秦》：秦与荆人战，大破荆，袭郢，取洞庭、五渚、江南。荆王君臣亡走，东服于陈。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Grand_Historian" class="mw-redirect" title="Records of the Grand Historian">史记</a>·卷七十三·白起王翦列传》：其明年，攻楚，拔郢，烧夷陵，遂东至竟陵。楚王亡去郢，东走徙陈。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Grand_Historian" class="mw-redirect" title="Records of the Grand Historian">史记</a>·卷七十三·白起王翦列传》：王翦果代李信击荆。荆闻王翦益军而来，乃悉国中兵以拒秦。王翦至，坚壁而守之，不肯战。荆兵数出挑战，终不出。王翦日休士洗沐，而善饮食抚循之，亲与士卒同食。久之，王翦使人问军中戏乎？对曰：“方投石超距。”于是王翦曰：“士卒可用矣。”荆数挑战而秦不出，乃引而东。翦因举兵追之，令壮士击，大破荆军。至蕲南，杀其将军项燕，荆兵遂败走。秦因乘胜略定荆地城邑。岁馀，虏荆王负刍，竟平荆地为郡县。。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brian Lander. State Management of River Dikes in Early China: New Sources on the Environmental History of the Central Yangzi Region . T'oung Pao 100.4-5 (2014): 325–362.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Records of the Three Kingdoms">三国志</a>·吴书·卷54/周瑜鲁肃吕蒙传·吕蒙传》：蒙入据城，尽得羽及将士家属，皆抚慰，约令军中不得干历人家，有所求取。蒙麾下士，是汝南人，取民家一笠，以覆官铠，官铠虽公，蒙犹以为犯军令，不可以乡里故而废法，遂垂涕斩之。于是军中震栗，道不拾遗。蒙旦暮使亲近存恤耆老，问所不足，疾病者给医药，饥寒者赐衣粮。羽府藏财宝，皆封闭以待权至。羽还，在道路，数使人与蒙相闻，蒙辄厚遇其使，周游城中，家家致问，或手书示信。羽人还，私相参讯，咸知家门无恙，见待过于平时，故羽吏士无鬬心。会权寻至，羽自知孤穷，乃走麦城，西至漳乡，众皆委羽而降。权使朱然、潘璋断其径路，即父子俱获，荆州遂定。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221023155435/http://www.hubei.gov.cn/2018/local/2018gk/201810/t20181001_1348527_1.shtml">"湖北省情概况·历史沿革"</a>. <i>HuBei China (HuBei Government's official website)</i> (in Simplified Chinese). 2019-04-24. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hubei.gov.cn/2018/local/2018gk/201810/t20181001_1348527_1.shtml">the original</a> on 2022-10-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-07-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HuBei+China+%28HuBei+Government%27s+official+website%29&rft.atitle=%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97%E7%9C%81%E6%83%85%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5%C2%B7%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E6%B2%BF%E9%9D%A9&rft.date=2019-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hubei.gov.cn%2F2018%2Flocal%2F2018gk%2F201810%2Ft20181001_1348527_1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBenedict,_C.A.1996" class="citation book cs1">Benedict, C.A. (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bubonicplagueinn00bene"><i>Bubonic Plague in Nineteenth-century China</i></a></span>. Vol. 14. Stanford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">107–</span>155. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F009770048801400201">10.1177/009770048801400201</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-2661-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-2661-0"><bdi>978-0-8047-2661-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11620272">11620272</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:220733020">220733020</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bubonic+Plague+in+Nineteenth-century+China&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E107-%3C%2Fspan%3E155&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F009770048801400201&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A220733020%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11620272&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-2661-0&rft.au=Benedict%2C+C.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbubonicplagueinn00bene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThomas_W._Robinson1971" class="citation journal cs1">Thomas W. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xjqmx.gov.cn/llb/printpage.asp?ArticleID=660">the original</a> on 2011-05-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=xjqmx.gov.cn&rft.atitle=%E7%A5%9E%E7%A7%98131%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%3A60%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3%E4%BF%AE%E5%BB%BA%E7%9A%84%E9%98%B2%E6%A0%B8%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%8C%87%E6%8C%A5%E9%83%A8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.xjqmx.gov.cn%2Fllb%2Fprintpage.asp%3FArticleID%3D660&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUNEP-WCMC2017" class="citation web cs1">UNEP-WCMC (2017-05-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://world-heritage-datasheets.unep-wcmc.org/datasheet/output/site/hubei-shennongjia">"Hubei Shennongjia"</a>. <i>World Heritage Datasheet</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Heritage+Datasheet&rft.atitle=Hubei+Shennongjia&rft.date=2017-05-22&rft.au=UNEP-WCMC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworld-heritage-datasheets.unep-wcmc.org%2Fdatasheet%2Foutput%2Fsite%2Fhubei-shennongjia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2018/indexch.htm"><bdi lang="zh">中国统计年鉴—2018</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China">National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China</a>. 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B4%E2%80%942018&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rft.date=2019&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjsj%2Fndsj%2F2018%2Findexch.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113603/http://files2.mca.gov.cn/cws/201502/20150225163817214.html"><bdi lang="zh">中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Civil_Affairs" title="Ministry of Civil Affairs">Ministry of Civil Affairs</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://files2.mca.gov.cn/cws/201502/20150225163817214.html">the original</a> on 2015-04-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-12-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%BF%E4%BB%A5%E4%B8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Civil+Affairs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffiles2.mca.gov.cn%2Fcws%2F201502%2F20150225163817214.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nj2013-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nj2013_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShenzhen_Bureau_of_Statistics" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Shenzhen Bureau of Statistics. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150512184740/http://www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2014/indexce.htm"><bdi lang="zh">《深圳统计年鉴2014》</bdi></a> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="zh:中国统计出版社">China Statistics Print</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2014/indexce.htm">the original</a> on 2015-05-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-05-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%B7%B1%E5%9C%B3%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B42014%E3%80%8B&rft.pub=China+Statistics+Print&rft.au=Shenzhen+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sztj.gov.cn%2Fnj2014%2Findexce.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCensus_Office_of_the_State_Council_of_the_People's_Republic_of_ChinaPopulation_and_Employment_Statistics_Division_of_the_National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script">Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China; Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China (2012). <bdi lang="zh">中国2010人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料</bdi> (1 ed.). Beijing: <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="zh:中国统计出版社">China Statistics Print</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-6660-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-6660-2"><bdi>978-7-5037-6660-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD2010%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%88%86%E4%B9%A1%E3%80%81%E9%95%87%E3%80%81%E8%A1%97%E9%81%93%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99&rft.place=Beijing&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=China+Statistics+Print&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-7-5037-6660-2&rft.au=Census+Office+of+the+State+Council+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rft.au=Population+and+Employment+Statistics+Division+of+the+National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMinistry_of_Civil_Affairs2014" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Civil_Affairs" title="Ministry of Civil Affairs">Ministry of Civil Affairs</a> (August 2014). <bdi lang="zh">《中国民政统计年鉴2014》</bdi> (in Simplified Chinese). <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="zh:中国统计出版社">China Statistics Print</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-7130-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-7130-9"><bdi>978-7-5037-7130-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B42014%E3%80%8B&rft.pub=China+Statistics+Print&rft.date=2014-08&rft.isbn=978-7-5037-7130-9&rft.au=Ministry+of+Civil+Affairs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010PRCcensus-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2010PRCcensus_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010PRCcensus_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010PRCcensus_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREF国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans">国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编</span></span> (2012). <bdi lang="zh">中国2010年人口普查分县资料</bdi>. Beijing: <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE" class="extiw" title="zh:中国统计出版社">China Statistics Print</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-6659-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5037-6659-6"><bdi>978-7-5037-6659-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD2010%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%88%86%E5%8E%BF%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pub=China+Statistics+Print&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-7-5037-6659-6&rft.au=%3Cspan+title%3D%22Chinese-language+text%22%3E%3Cspan+lang%3D%22zh-Hans%22%3E%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E9%99%A2%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%A4%E3%80%81%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%92%8C%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%8F%B8%E7%BC%96%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3ECategory%3AArticles+containing+Chinese-language+text&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMinistry_of_Housing_and_Urban-Rural_Development_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China(MOHURD)2019" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Housing_and_Urban-Rural_Development" title="Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development">Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development</a> of the People's Republic of China(MOHURD) (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mohurd.gov.cn/xytj/tjzljsxytjgb/jstjnj/w02020032722244243052500000.xls"><i>中国城市建设统计年鉴2018</i></a> [<i>China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2018</i>] (in Chinese). 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Congressional Research Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120108131300/http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R41007.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 8 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Federation+of+American+Scientists&rft.atitle=Understanding+China%27s+Political+System&rft.date=2013-03-20&rft.aulast=Lawrence&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.au=Martin%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffas.org%2Fsgp%2Fcrs%2Frow%2FR41007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politics.people.com.cn/GB/30178/5316277.html"><bdi lang="zh">党委书记权力究竟有多大？</bdi></a> [How much power does a Party Secretary really have?]. <bdi lang="zh">人民论坛</bdi> (in Chinese (China)). <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Daily" title="People's Daily">People's Daily</a> Press. 23 January 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702211524/http://politics.people.com.cn/GB/30178/5316277.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%E5%85%9A%E5%A7%94%E4%B9%A6%E8%AE%B0%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E7%A9%B6%E7%AB%9F%E6%9C%89%E5%A4%9A%E5%A4%A7%EF%BC%9F&rft.date=2007-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpolitics.people.com.cn%2FGB%2F30178%2F5316277.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thechinaperspective.com-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thechinaperspective.com_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170630092219/http://www.thechinaperspective.com/topics/province/hubei-province/">"China Economy @ China Perspective"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thechinaperspective.com/topics/province/hubei-province/">the original</a> on 2017-06-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=China+Economy+%40+China+Perspective&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thechinaperspective.com%2Ftopics%2Fprovince%2Fhubei-province%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:6_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLan2024" class="citation book cs1">Lan, Xiaohuan (2024). <i>How China Works: An Introduction to China's State-led Economic Development</i>. Translated by Topp, Gary. <a href="/wiki/Palgrave_Macmillan" title="Palgrave Macmillan">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-981-97-0080-6">10.1007/978-981-97-0080-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-97-0079-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-97-0079-0"><bdi>978-981-97-0079-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+China+Works%3A+An+Introduction+to+China%27s+State-led+Economic+Development&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2024&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-981-97-0080-6&rft.isbn=978-981-97-0079-0&rft.aulast=Lan&rft.aufirst=Xiaohuan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.china-briefing.com/news/chinas-2021-gdp-performance-a-look-at-major-provinces-and-cities/">"Decoding China's 2021 GDP Growth Rate: A Look at Regional Numbers"</a>. <i>China Briefing News</i>. 2022-02-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-09-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=China+Briefing+News&rft.atitle=Decoding+China%27s+2021+GDP+Growth+Rate%3A+A+Look+at+Regional+Numbers&rft.date=2022-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.china-briefing.com%2Fnews%2Fchinas-2021-gdp-performance-a-look-at-major-provinces-and-cities%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/hubei-jingzhou-chengnan-economic-development-zone/">"RightSite.asia | Hubei Jingzhou Chengnan Economic Development Zone"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101113200807/http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/hubei-jingzhou-chengnan-economic-development-zone">Archived</a> from the original on 2010-11-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-06-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RightSite.asia+%7C+Hubei+Jingzhou+Chengnan+Economic+Development+Zone&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frightsite.asia%2Fen%2Findustrial-zone%2Fhubei-jingzhou-chengnan-economic-development-zone%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuhan-donghu-hi-tech-industrial-development-zone/">"RightSite.asia | Wuhan East Lake High-Tech Development Zone"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150526030744/http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuhan-donghu-hi-tech-industrial-development-zone">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-05-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-06-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RightSite.asia+%7C+Wuhan+East+Lake+High-Tech+Development+Zone&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frightsite.asia%2Fen%2Findustrial-zone%2Fwuhan-donghu-hi-tech-industrial-development-zone%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rightsite1-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rightsite1_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150526031505/http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuhan-economic-technological-development-zone">"RightSite.asia | Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuhan-economic-technological-development-zone/">the original</a> on May 26, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RightSite.asia+%26%23124%3B+Wuhan+Economic+and+Technological+Development+Zone&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frightsite.asia%2Fen%2Findustrial-zone%2Fwuhan-economic-technological-development-zone%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150526024518/http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuhan-export-processing-zone">"RightSite.asia | Wuhan Export Processing Zone"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuhan-export-processing-zone/">the original</a> on May 26, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RightSite.asia+%26%23124%3B+Wuhan+Export+Processing+Zone&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frightsite.asia%2Fen%2Findustrial-zone%2Fwuhan-export-processing-zone%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RightSite.asia-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RightSite.asia_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuhan-optical-valley-software-park/">"RightSite.asia | Wuhan Optical Valley (Guanggu) Software Park"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150111083111/http://rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/wuhan-optical-valley-software-park">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-01-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-06-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RightSite.asia+%7C+Wuhan+Optical+Valley+%28Guanggu%29+Software+Park&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frightsite.asia%2Fen%2Findustrial-zone%2Fwuhan-optical-valley-software-park%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo2.html"><bdi lang="ja">1912年中国人口</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032922/http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo2.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1912%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ier.hit-u.ac.jp%2FCOE%2FJapanese%2Fdiscussionpapers%2FDP97.9%2Ffhyo2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo3.htm"><bdi lang="ja">1928年中国人口</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032924/http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo3.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1928%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ier.hit-u.ac.jp%2FCOE%2FJapanese%2Fdiscussionpapers%2FDP97.9%2Ffhyo3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo4.htm"><bdi lang="ja">1936-37年中国人口</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924032925/http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo4.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1936-37%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ier.hit-u.ac.jp%2FCOE%2FJapanese%2Fdiscussionpapers%2FDP97.9%2Ffhyo4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo5.htm"><bdi lang="ja">1947年全国人口</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130913053600/http://www.ier.hit-u.ac.jp/COE/Japanese/discussionpapers/DP97.9/fhyo5.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1947%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ier.hit-u.ac.jp%2FCOE%2FJapanese%2Fdiscussionpapers%2FDP97.9%2Ffhyo5.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-use-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-use_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJoseph_Laffan_Morse1955" class="citation book cs1">Joseph Laffan Morse, ed. (1955). <i>The Universal Standard Encyclopedia</i>. Vol. 12. New York: Unicorn Publishers Inc. p. 4482. <q>pop. (1952 est.) 21,470,000.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Universal+Standard+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=4482&rft.pub=Unicorn+Publishers+Inc.&rft.date=1955&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1954-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1954_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090805174810/http://www.stats.gov.cn/TJGB/RKPCGB/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16767.htm"><bdi lang="zh">中华人民共和国国家统计局关于第一次全国人口调查登记结果的公报</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16767.htm">the original</a> on 2009-08-05.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E8%B0%83%E6%9F%A5%E7%99%BB%E8%AE%B0%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%9C%E7%9A%84%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjgb%2Frkpcgb%2Fqgrkpcgb%2Ft20020404_16767.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1964-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1964_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120914173158/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16768.htm"><bdi lang="zh">第二次全国人口普查结果的几项主要统计数字</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16768.htm">the original</a> on 2012-09-14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%9C%E7%9A%84%E5%87%A0%E9%A1%B9%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjgb%2Frkpcgb%2Fqgrkpcgb%2Ft20020404_16768.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1982-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1982_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120510075429/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16769.htm"><bdi lang="zh">中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九八二年人口普查主要数字的公报</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16769.htm">the original</a> on 2012-05-10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E5%85%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%9A%84%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjgb%2Frkpcgb%2Fqgrkpcgb%2Ft20020404_16769.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census1990-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census1990_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120619002216/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16772.htm"><bdi lang="zh">中华人民共和国国家统计局关于一九九〇年人口普查主要数据的公报</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020404_16772.htm">the original</a> on 2012-06-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B1%80%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%B9%9D%E3%80%87%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%9A%84%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%A5&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjgb%2Frkpcgb%2Fqgrkpcgb%2Ft20020404_16772.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2000-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census2000_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120829052024/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020331_15435.htm"><bdi lang="zh">现将2000年第五次全国人口普查快速汇总的人口地区分布数据公布如下</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjgb/rkpcgb/qgrkpcgb/t20020331_15435.htm">the original</a> on 2012-08-29.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%8E%B0%E5%B0%862000%E5%B9%B4%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E6%B1%87%E6%80%BB%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%83%E5%A6%82%E4%B8%8B&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Ftjgb%2Frkpcgb%2Fqgrkpcgb%2Ft20020331_15435.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2010-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census2010_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130727021210/http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm">"Communiqué of the National Bureau of Statistics of People's Republic of China on Major Figures of the 2010 Population Census"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Statistics_of_China" title="National Bureau of Statistics of China">National Bureau of Statistics of China</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/newsandcomingevents/t20110429_402722516.htm">the original</a> on 2013-07-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Communiqu%C3%A9+of+the+National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+People%27s+Republic+of+China+on+Major+Figures+of+the+2010+Population+Census&rft.pub=National+Bureau+of+Statistics+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.cn%2Fenglish%2Fnewsandcomingevents%2Ft20110429_402722516.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philly.com/inquirer/world_us/20091019_In_the_World.html">China to resettle 330,000 people</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Philadelphia_Inquirer" title="The Philadelphia Inquirer">The Philadelphia Inquirer</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091021135706/http://www.philly.com/inquirer/world_us/20091019_In_the_World.html">Archived</a> 2009-10-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wang2015-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2015_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2015_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wang2015_55-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">China General Social Survey 2009, Chinese Spiritual Life Survey (CSLS) 2007. Report by: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1">Xiuhua Wang (2015, p. 15)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150925123928/https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1">Archived</a> 2015-09-25 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hudong.moe.gov.cn/qggxmd/">"全国普通高等学校名单 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站"</a>. <i>hudong.moe.gov.cn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hudong.moe.gov.cn&rft.atitle=%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1%E5%90%8D%E5%8D%95+-+%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E9%83%A8%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%97%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhudong.moe.gov.cn%2Fqggxmd%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xxgk/s5743/s5744/A03/202206/t20220617_638352.html">"全国高等学校名单 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站"</a>. <i>www.moe.gov.cn</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.moe.gov.cn&rft.atitle=%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E5%AD%A6%E6%A0%A1%E5%90%8D%E5%8D%95+-+%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E9%83%A8%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%97%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moe.gov.cn%2Fjyb_xxgk%2Fs5743%2Fs5744%2FA03%2F202206%2Ft20220617_638352.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://roll.sohu.com/20120510/n342830481.shtml"><bdi lang="zh">汉宜高铁拟本月开通届时每日将开行20对列车</bdi></a> (in Chinese). 10 May 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B1%89%E5%AE%9C%E9%AB%98%E9%93%81%E6%8B%9F%E6%9C%AC%E6%9C%88%E5%BC%80%E9%80%9A+%E5%B1%8A%E6%97%B6%E6%AF%8F%E6%97%A5%E5%B0%86%E5%BC%80%E8%A1%8C20%E5%AF%B9%E5%88%97%E8%BD%A6&rft.date=2012-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Froll.sohu.com%2F20120510%2Fn342830481.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171109191244/http://www.hb.chinanews.com/news/2016/1201/266267.html"><bdi lang="zh">武孝城际铁路正式开通市民可以坐城铁赶飞机</bdi></a> [Wuhan–Xiaogan intercity railway officially opens; city residents can take the line to catch flights]. <i>chinanews.com Hubei</i> (in Chinese). 2016-12-01. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hb.chinanews.com/news/2016/1201/266267.html">the original</a> on 2017-11-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-12-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=chinanews.com+Hubei&rft.atitle=%E6%AD%A6%E5%AD%9D%E5%9F%8E%E9%99%85%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E6%AD%A3%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E9%80%9A+%E5%B8%82%E6%B0%91%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E5%9D%90%E5%9F%8E%E9%93%81%E8%B5%B6%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hb.chinanews.com%2Fnews%2F2016%2F1201%2F266267.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IRG-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IRG_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.railwaygazette.com/high-speed/wuhan-shiyan-high-speed-line-opens/55242.article">"Wuhan – Shiyan high speed line opens"</a>. <i>Railway Gazette International</i>. 29 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Railway+Gazette+International&rft.atitle=Wuhan+%E2%80%93+Shiyan+high+speed+line+opens&rft.date=2019-11-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.railwaygazette.com%2Fhigh-speed%2Fwuhan-shiyan-high-speed-line-opens%2F55242.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eric N. Danielson, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinaheritagenewsletter.org/articles.php?searchterm=016_mingancestor.inc&issue=016">The Ming Ancestor Tomb</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141230125814/http://www.chinaheritagenewsletter.org/articles.php?searchterm=016_mingancestor.inc&issue=016">Archived</a> 2014-12-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2008-09/22/content_7046446.htm">"Mining for tourism in Hubei"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081011211155/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2008-09/22/content_7046446.htm">Archived</a> 2008-10-11 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, By Li Jing (China Daily). Updated: 2008-09-22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:05-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:05_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:05_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLampton2024" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_M._Lampton" title="David M. Lampton">Lampton, David M.</a> (2024). <i>Living U.S.-China relations: From Cold War to Cold War</i>. Lanham, MD: <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-8725-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-8725-8"><bdi>978-1-5381-8725-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Living+U.S.-China+relations%3A+From+Cold+War+to+Cold+War&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MD&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=978-1-5381-8725-8&rft.aulast=Lampton&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHubei" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.hktdc.com/mktprof/china/hubei.htm">Economic profile for Hubei</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Trade_Development_Council" title="Hong Kong Trade Development Council">HKTDC</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubei&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hubei" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hubei">Hubei</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Hubei" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Hubei">Hubei</a></b></i>, <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Hupeh" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Hupeh">Hupeh</a></b></i>, or <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Hupei" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Hupei">Hupei</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Hubei#Q46862" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Hubei">Hubei</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090917031326/http://www.hubei.gov.cn/">Hubei Government official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Hubei">Google Maps Hubei</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Hubei24" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Hubei24" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Hubei</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Hubei</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hubei_topics532" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hubei_topics" title="Template:Hubei topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hubei_topics" title="Template talk:Hubei topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hubei_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hubei topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hubei_topics532" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hubei</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_current_and_former_capitals_of_subnational_entities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current and former capitals of subnational entities of China">capital</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Hubei" title="Category:Hubei">General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#History">History</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Economy">Economy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Hubei" title="Category:Geography of Hubei">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China#Hubei" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in the People's Republic of China">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wudang_Mountains" title="Wudang Mountains">Wudang Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingshan_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Jingshan Mountains">Jingshan Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daba_Mountains" title="Daba Mountains">Daba Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu Mountains">Wu Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabie_Mountains" title="Dabie Mountains">Dabie Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mufu_Mountains" title="Mufu Mountains">Mufu Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangtze" title="Yangtze">Yangtze River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_River_(Yangtze_River_tributary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Han River (Yangtze River tributary)">Han River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges" title="Three Gorges">Three Gorges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Hubei" title="List of universities and colleges in Hubei">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_University" title="Wuhan University">Wuhan University</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Key_Universities" title="National Key Universities">Ω</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huazhong_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Huazhong University of Science and Technology">Huazhong University of Science and Technology</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Key_Universities" title="National Key Universities">Ω</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_University_of_Technology" title="Wuhan University of Technology">Wuhan University of Technology</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Key_Universities" title="National Key Universities">Ω</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_University_of_Geosciences_(Wuhan)" title="China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)">China University of Geosciences</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Key_Universities" title="National Key Universities">Ω</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huazhong_Agricultural_University" title="Huazhong Agricultural University">Central China Agricultural University</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Key_Universities" title="National Key Universities">Ω</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_China_Normal_University" title="Central China Normal University">Central China Normal University</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Key_Universities" title="National Key Universities">Ω</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongnan_University_of_Economics_and_Law" title="Zhongnan University of Economics and Law">Zhongnan University of Economics and Law</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Key_Universities" title="National Key Universities">Ω</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South-Central_University_for_Nationalities" class="mw-redirect" title="South-Central University for Nationalities">South-Central University for Nationalities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chu_Culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chu Culture (page does not exist)">Chu Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_opera" title="Han opera">Han opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine-headed_Bird" class="mw-redirect" title="Nine-headed Bird">Nine-headed Bird</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hubei_cuisine" title="Hubei cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_duck" title="Wuhan duck">Wuhan duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaolongbao" title="Xiaolongbao">Soup dumpling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re_gan_mian" class="mw-redirect" title="Re gan mian">Re gan mian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Visitor attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianling_Tomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Xianling Tomb">Xianling Tomb</a> <small>(in <a href="/wiki/Zhongxiang" title="Zhongxiang">Zhongxiang</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Gorges" title="Three Gorges">Three Gorges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Crane_Tower" title="Yellow Crane Tower">Yellow Crane Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubei_Provincial_Museum" title="Hubei Provincial Museum">Hubei Provincial Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_Project_131" title="Underground Project 131">Underground Project 131</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Hubei" title="Category:Hubei">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hubei" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hubei">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County-level_divisions_of_Hubei_Province364" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hubei" title="Template:Hubei"><abbr title="View this 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style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sub-provincial_division" title="Sub-provincial division">Sub-provincial city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Wuhan9" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jiang%27an_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiang'an District">Jiang'an District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jianghan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jianghan District">Jianghan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiaokou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Qiaokou District">Qiaokou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanyang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyang District">Hanyang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuchang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Wuchang District">Wuchang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qingshan_District,_Wuhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Qingshan District, Wuhan">Qingshan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hongshan_District,_Wuhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hongshan District, Wuhan">Hongshan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongxihu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongxihu District">Dongxihu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Hannan District">Hannan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caidian_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Caidian District">Caidian District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangxia_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiangxia District">Jiangxia District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangpi_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Huangpi District">Huangpi District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinzhou_District,_Wuhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinzhou District, Wuhan">Xinzhou District</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prefecture-level_city" title="Prefecture-level city">Prefecture-level cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Huangshi" title="Huangshi">Huangshi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huangshigang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Huangshigang District">Huangshigang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xisaishan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xisaishan District">Xisaishan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xialu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xialu District">Xialu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tieshan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Tieshan District">Tieshan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daye" title="Daye">Daye</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangxin_County,_Hubei" title="Yangxin County, Hubei">Yangxin County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Shiyan" title="Shiyan">Shiyan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zhangwan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhangwan District">Zhangwan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maojian_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Maojian District">Maojian District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunyang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunyang District">Yunyang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danjiangkou" title="Danjiangkou">Danjiangkou</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhushan_County" title="Zhushan County">Zhushan County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fang_County" title="Fang County">Fang County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunxi_County" title="Yunxi County">Yunxi County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuxi_County" title="Zhuxi County">Zhuxi County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Yichang" title="Yichang">Yichang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiling_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiling District">Xiling District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wujiagang_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Wujiagang District">Wujiagang District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianjun_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dianjun District">Dianjun District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaoting_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiaoting District">Xiaoting District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiling_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiling District">Yiling District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhijiang,_Hubei" title="Zhijiang, Hubei">Zhijiang</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yidu" title="Yidu">Yidu</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangyang" title="Dangyang">Dangyang</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuan%27an_County" title="Yuan'an County">Yuan'an County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xingshan_County" title="Xingshan County">Xingshan County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zigui_County" title="Zigui County">Zigui County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changyang_Tujia_Autonomous_County" title="Changyang Tujia Autonomous County">Changyang County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wufeng_Tujia_Autonomous_County" title="Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County"> Wufeng County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Xiangyang" title="Xiangyang">Xiangyang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiangcheng_District,_Xiangyang" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiangcheng District, Xiangyang">Xiangcheng District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fancheng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Fancheng District">Fancheng District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiangzhou_District,_Xiangyang" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiangzhou District, Xiangyang">Xiangzhou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laohekou" title="Laohekou">Laohekou</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaoyang" title="Zaoyang">Zaoyang</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yicheng,_Hubei" title="Yicheng, Hubei">Yicheng</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanzhang_County" title="Nanzhang County">Nanzhang County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gucheng_County,_Hubei" title="Gucheng County, Hubei">Gucheng County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baokang_County" title="Baokang County">Baokang County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Echeng_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Echeng District">Echeng District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liangzihu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Liangzihu District">Liangzihu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huarong_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Huarong District">Huarong District</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Jingmen" title="Jingmen">Jingmen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dongbao_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Dongbao District">Dongbao District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duodao_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Duodao District">Duodao District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongxiang" title="Zhongxiang">Zhongxiang</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingshan,_Hubei" title="Jingshan, Hubei">Jingshan</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shayang_County" title="Shayang County">Shayang County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Xiaogan" title="Xiaogan">Xiaogan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiaonan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xiaonan District">Xiaonan District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingcheng" title="Yingcheng">Yingcheng</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anlu" title="Anlu">Anlu</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanchuan" title="Hanchuan">Hanchuan</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaochang_County" title="Xiaochang County">Xiaochang County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawu_County,_Hubei" title="Dawu County, Hubei">Dawu County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunmeng_County" title="Yunmeng County">Yunmeng County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shashi_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Shashi District">Shashi District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Jingzhou District">Jingzhou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honghu" title="Honghu">Honghu</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jianli" title="Jianli">Jianli</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shishou" title="Shishou">Shishou</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songzi" title="Songzi">Songzi</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangling_County" title="Jiangling County">Jiangling County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong%27an_County" title="Gong'an County">Gong'an County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Huanggang" title="Huanggang">Huanggang</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huangzhou_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Huangzhou District">Huangzhou District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macheng" title="Macheng">Macheng</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxue" title="Wuxue">Wuxue</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong%27an_County" title="Hong'an County">Hong'an County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luotian_County" title="Luotian County">Luotian County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yingshan_County,_Hubei" title="Yingshan County, Hubei">Yingshan County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xishui_County,_Hubei" title="Xishui County, Hubei">Xishui County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qichun_County" title="Qichun County">Qichun County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huangmei_County" title="Huangmei County">Huangmei County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuanfeng_County" title="Tuanfeng County">Tuanfeng County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longgan_Lake" title="Longgan Lake">Longganhu Administrative District</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Xianning" title="Xianning">Xianning</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xian%27an_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Xian'an District">Xian'an District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibi,_Hubei" title="Chibi, Hubei">Chibi</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiayu_County" title="Jiayu County">Jiayu County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongcheng_County" title="Tongcheng County">Tongcheng County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongyang_County" title="Chongyang County">Chongyang County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongshan_County" title="Tongshan County">Tongshan County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Suizhou" title="Suizhou">Suizhou</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zengdu_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Zengdu District">Zengdu District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangshui" title="Guangshui">Guangshui</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sui_County,_Hubei" title="Sui County, Hubei">Sui County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_prefecture" title="Autonomous prefecture">Autonomous prefectures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Enshi52" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Enshi_Tujia_and_Miao_Autonomous_Prefecture" title="Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture">Enshi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enshi_City" title="Enshi City">Enshi</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichuan,_Hubei" title="Lichuan, Hubei">Lichuan</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jianshi_County" title="Jianshi County">Jianshi County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badong_County" title="Badong County">Badong County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuan%27en_County" title="Xuan'en County">Xuan'en County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xianfeng_County" title="Xianfeng County">Xianfeng County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laifeng_County" title="Laifeng County">Laifeng County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hefeng_County" title="Hefeng County">Hefeng County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provincial administered</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/County-level_city" title="County-level city">County-level cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiantao" title="Xiantao">Xiantao</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianmen" title="Tianmen">Tianmen</a> city</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qianjiang,_Hubei" title="Qianjiang, Hubei">Qianjiang</a> city</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/County-level_city" title="County-level city">forestry district</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shennongjia" title="Shennongjia">Shennongjia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Provincial-level_divisions_of_China602" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Province-level_divisions_of_China" title="Template:Province-level divisions of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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title="Fujian">Fujian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guizhou" title="Guizhou">Guizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan" title="Hainan">Hainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heilongjiang" title="Heilongjiang">Heilongjiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henan" title="Henan">Henan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilin" title="Jilin">Jilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoning" title="Liaoning">Liaoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinghai" title="Qinghai">Qinghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan" title="Sichuan">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_blank_province_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/150px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/225px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/China_blank_province_map.svg/300px-China_blank_province_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_China" title="Autonomous regions of China">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guangxi" title="Guangxi">Guangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_Mongolia" title="Inner Mongolia">Inner Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningxia" title="Ningxia">Ningxia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Autonomous_Region" title="Tibet Autonomous Region">Tibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Direct-administered_municipality" title="Direct-administered municipality">Direct-administered municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing" title="Chongqing">Chongqing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Disputed province</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">Taiwan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-size:80%;"><div><sup>1</sup> <a href="/wiki/Free_area_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Free area of the Republic of China">Taiwan</a> is <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province,_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Taiwan Province, People's Republic of China">claimed</a> by the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> but administered by the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a> (see <a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">political status of Taiwan</a>).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46862#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1663" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46862#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1663" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46862#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/147752703">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1211754/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJc83jh3BdDqKXv8vm3mh3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4305745-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81018205">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120094101">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120094101">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00777424">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Hubei (Čína : provincie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge358871&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4800357">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007548160305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>113 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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