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href="#Drochil_Castle_and_other_buildings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Drochil Castle and other buildings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drochil_Castle_and_other_buildings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Morton_in_fiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morton_in_fiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Morton in fiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Morton_in_fiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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Earl of Morton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%A7%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%8C_%DA%86%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="جیمز داگلاس، چهارمین ارل مورتون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جیمز داگلاس، چهارمین ارل مورتون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Douglas_(4e_comte_de_Morton)" title="James Douglas (4e comte de Morton) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="James Douglas (4e comte de Morton)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Douglas,_Earl_ke-4_Morton" title="James Douglas, Earl ke-4 Morton – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="James Douglas, Earl ke-4 Morton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Douglas,_IV_conte_di_Morton" title="James Douglas, IV conte di Morton – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="James Douglas, IV conte di Morton" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3_(%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7)" title="جيمس دوجلاس (جندى من مملكه اسكتلندا) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جيمس دوجلاس (جندى من مملكه اسكتلندا)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A0%E3%82%BA%E3%83%BB%E3%83%80%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B9_(%E7%AC%AC4%E4%BB%A3%E3%83%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3%E4%BC%AF)" title="ジェイムズ・ダグラス (第4代モートン伯) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジェイムズ・ダグラス (第4代モートン伯)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Regent of Scotland during the minority of King James VI</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regent_Morton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Regent_Morton.jpg/220px-Regent_Morton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Regent_Morton.jpg/330px-Regent_Morton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Regent_Morton.jpg/440px-Regent_Morton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="884" data-file-height="1284" /></a><figcaption>James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton</figcaption></figure> <p><b>James Douglas</b>, <b>4th Earl of Morton</b> (c. 1516 – 2 June 1581) was a <a href="/wiki/Scottish_noble" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish noble">Scottish nobleman</a>. He played a leading role in the murders of Queen Mary's confidant, <a href="/wiki/David_Rizzio" title="David Rizzio">David Rizzio</a>, and <a href="/wiki/King_consort" class="mw-redirect" title="King consort">king consort</a> <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Lord_Darnley" title="Murder of Lord Darnley">Henry Darnley</a>. He was the last of the four <a href="/wiki/List_of_regents" title="List of regents">regents</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland" title="Kingdom of Scotland">Scotland</a> during the minority of <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI</a>. He was in some ways the most successful of the four since he won the <a href="/wiki/Marian_civil_war" title="Marian civil war">civil war</a> that had been dragging on with the supporters of the exiled <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a>. However, he came to an unfortunate end, executed by means of the <a href="/wiki/Maiden_(guillotine)" title="Maiden (guillotine)">Maiden</a>, a predecessor of the <a href="/wiki/Guillotine" title="Guillotine">guillotine</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>James Douglas was the second son of Sir <a href="/wiki/George_Douglas_of_Pittendreich" title="George Douglas of Pittendreich">George Douglas of Pittendreich</a>, Master of Angus, and Elizabeth Douglas, daughter of David Douglas of Pittendreich. He wrote that he was over 61 years old in March 1578, so was probably born around 1516.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before 1543, he married Elizabeth, daughter of <a href="/wiki/James_Douglas,_3rd_Earl_of_Morton" title="James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Morton">James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Morton</a>, and became known as the "Master of Morton". In 1553, James Douglas succeeded to the title and estates of his father-in-law, including <a href="/wiki/Dalkeith_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalkeith House">Dalkeith House</a> in Midlothian and <a href="/wiki/Aberdour_Castle" title="Aberdour Castle">Aberdour Castle</a> in Fife. His wife, Elizabeth Douglas suffered from mental illness, as did her two elder sisters Margaret and Beatrix, who were married to <a href="/wiki/Regent_Arran" class="mw-redirect" title="Regent Arran">Regent Arran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Nithsdale" title="Earl of Nithsdale">Robert Maxwell, 6th Lord Maxwell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James and Elizabeth's children did not survive to adulthood, except three daughters who were declared legally incompetent in 1581. James also had five illegitimate children.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the start of the <a href="/wiki/Rough_Wooing" title="Rough Wooing">Rough Wooing war</a>, James and his brother David communicated with <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Henry VIII of England</a> on the possibility of their surrendering <a href="/wiki/Tantallon_Castle" title="Tantallon Castle">Tantallon Castle</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Edinburgh_(1544)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burning of Edinburgh (1544)">English army that burnt Edinburgh in 1544</a>. The English commander <a href="/wiki/Edward_Seymour,_1st_Duke_of_Somerset" title="Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset">Lord Hertford</a> wrote to the Master of Morton in April 1544, discussing his journey towards <a href="/wiki/Berwick-upon-Tweed" title="Berwick-upon-Tweed">Berwick-upon-Tweed</a>, and hoping he could leave the castles of <a href="/wiki/Dalkeith_Palace" title="Dalkeith Palace">Dalkeith</a> and Tantallon in the hands of allies.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, four years later he defended Dalkeith Palace against the English and was captured in June 1548, "sore hurt on the thigh", and taken as a hostage to England. After the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Boulogne" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Boulogne">Treaty of Boulogne</a> in 1550, James was exchanged for the English soldier <a href="/wiki/John_Luttrell_(soldier)" title="John Luttrell (soldier)">John Luttrell</a>, returned from captivity in England, and began to use his title of "Earl of Morton". </p><p>James's political activities and allegiances during the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Reformation" title="Scottish Reformation">Scottish Reformation</a> were at first equivocal in 1559, but in February 1560 he signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Berwick_(1560)" title="Treaty of Berwick (1560)">Treaty of Berwick</a> which invited an English army into Scotland to expel the Catholic regime of <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Guise" title="Mary of Guise">Mary of Guise</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He took part in the unsuccessful embassy to England in November 1560 to treat for the marriage of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Elizabeth I of England</a> to <a href="/wiki/James_Hamilton,_3rd_Earl_of_Arran" title="James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran">James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On their way back from London <a href="/wiki/William_Grey,_13th_Baron_Grey_de_Wilton" title="William Grey, 13th Baron Grey de Wilton">Grey de Wilton</a> hosted the Scottish ambassadors at Berwick and gave James a personal tour of the latest fortifications there.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Regent_Morton%27s_House,_Blackfriars_Street_Edinburgh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Regent_Morton%27s_House%2C_Blackfriars_Street_Edinburgh.jpg/220px-Regent_Morton%27s_House%2C_Blackfriars_Street_Edinburgh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Regent_Morton%27s_House%2C_Blackfriars_Street_Edinburgh.jpg/330px-Regent_Morton%27s_House%2C_Blackfriars_Street_Edinburgh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Regent_Morton%27s_House%2C_Blackfriars_Street_Edinburgh.jpg/440px-Regent_Morton%27s_House%2C_Blackfriars_Street_Edinburgh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1916" data-file-height="2484" /></a><figcaption>Morton's town house<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Edinburgh is now a backpackers' hostel</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1563 he became <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor_of_Scotland" title="Lord Chancellor of Scotland">Lord Chancellor of Scotland</a>. Though his sympathies were with the reformers, he took no part in the combination of <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> reformers in 1565, but he headed the armed force which took possession of <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Palace" title="Holyrood Palace">Holyrood Palace</a> in March 1566 to effect the assassination of <a href="/wiki/David_Rizzio" title="David Rizzio">David Rizzio</a>, and the leading conspirators adjourned to Morton's house while a messenger was sent to obtain Queen Mary's signature to the "bond of security". </p><p>The Queen, before complying with the request, escaped to <a href="/wiki/Dunbar" title="Dunbar">Dunbar</a>, and Morton and the other leaders fled to <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>. Having been pardoned, Morton returned to Scotland early in 1567, and with 600 men appeared before <a href="/wiki/Borthwick_Castle" title="Borthwick Castle">Borthwick Castle</a>, where the Queen had taken refuge after her marriage to Bothwell. Morton attended the remarkable stand-off at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Carberry_Hill" title="Battle of Carberry Hill">battle of Carberry Hill</a> in June 1567, where Mary's new husband, <a href="/wiki/James_Hepburn,_4th_Earl_of_Bothwell" title="James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell">James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell</a> offered to settle the matter by single combat. When <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Lindsay,_6th_Lord_Lindsay" title="Patrick Lindsay, 6th Lord Lindsay">Patrick, Lord Lindsay</a> took up the challenge, Morton gave Lindsay the sword of his ancestor, <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Douglas,_5th_Earl_of_Angus" title="Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus">Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus</a>. Mary vetoed a fight and surrendered.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morton took an active part in obtaining the consent of the queen, while she was imprisoned at <a href="/wiki/Lochleven_Castle" title="Lochleven Castle">Lochleven Castle</a>, to her abdication in July 1567. When Mary escaped from Lochleven, he led the vanguard of the army which defeated her forces at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Langside" title="Battle of Langside">Battle of Langside</a> in 1568, and he was the most valued <a href="/wiki/Privy_counsellor" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy counsellor">privy counsellor</a> of the <a href="/wiki/James_Stewart,_1st_Earl_of_Moray" title="James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray">Earl of Moray</a> during the latter's brief term of office as <a href="/wiki/Regent_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Regent of Scotland">Regent of Scotland</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regent_of_Scotland">Regent of Scotland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Regent of Scotland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scotland was now ruled by regents on behalf of Mary's infant son, <a href="/wiki/James_VI_and_I" title="James VI and I">James VI</a>, who faced a <a href="/wiki/Marian_civil_war" title="Marian civil war">civil war</a>. <a href="/wiki/Regent_Moray" class="mw-redirect" title="Regent Moray">James Stewart, Regent Moray</a>, Mary's half-brother, was assassinated in Linlithgow in January 1570. Morton was worried that Mary might escape and make her way back to Scotland, by feigning sickness during a dance and disguising herself in male apparel, riding away in disguise with a messenger, or cutting her hair and smearing dirt on her face so she looked like a scullion who turned the spit in the kitchen. He wrote to William Cecil, and Queen Elizabeth in April 1571 wrote to the <a href="/wiki/George_Talbot,_6th_Earl_of_Shrewsbury" title="George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury">Earl of Shrewsbury</a> at <a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Castle" title="Sheffield Castle">Sheffield Castle</a> to be vigilant.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Regent_Lennox" class="mw-redirect" title="Regent Lennox">Matthew Stewart, Regent Lennox</a> died from a gunshot wound after a struggle on the streets of Stirling. On 18 November 1571, the new Regent, <a href="/wiki/John_Erskine,_Earl_of_Mar_(d._1572)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Erskine, Earl of Mar (d. 1572)">John Erskine, Earl of Mar</a>, sent Morton with <a href="/wiki/Robert_Pitcairn_(commendator)" title="Robert Pitcairn (commendator)">Robert Pitcairn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commendator_of_Dunfermline" class="mw-redirect" title="Commendator of Dunfermline">Commendator of Dunfermline</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_MacGill_of_Nether_Rankeillour" class="mw-redirect" title="James MacGill of Nether Rankeillour">James MacGill of Nether Rankeillour</a> to negotiate with Elizabeth's representative <a href="/wiki/Henry_Carey,_1st_Baron_Hunsdon" title="Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon">Henry Carey, 1st Baron Hunsdon</a>, Governor of <a href="/wiki/Berwick_upon_Tweed" class="mw-redirect" title="Berwick upon Tweed">Berwick upon Tweed</a>. Mar wanted English help to capture <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Castle" title="Edinburgh Castle">Edinburgh Castle</a> from Sir <a href="/wiki/William_Kirkcaldy_of_Grange" title="William Kirkcaldy of Grange">William Kirkcaldy of Grange</a> who held it for Mary. Regent Mar hoped that Morton could arrange for 12 cannons, 3,000 <a href="/wiki/Foot_soldiers" class="mw-redirect" title="Foot soldiers">foot soldiers</a>, and wages for the 800 Scottish foot soldiers and 200 horsemen already in the field. Morton was instructed to offer six hostages to England from the sons of the nobility who supported James VI. He also discussed returning the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Percy,_7th_Earl_of_Northumberland" title="Thomas Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland">Earl of Northumberland</a>, who was a fugitive after the failed <a href="/wiki/Rising_of_the_North" title="Rising of the North">Rising of the North</a>, to England. </p><p>A week later Morton wrote to Hunsdon with the same request, urging an attack in winter because the Castle was vulnerable when the <a href="/wiki/Nor_Loch" title="Nor Loch">Nor Loch</a> was frozen. Hunsdon replied that Elizabeth still hoped for a peaceful settlement, but he would send an estimate of the expedition's cost to Elizabeth. Morton received a token payment. The English rebels were handed over. The treaty for military aid was still not finalised when Mar died at Stirling in October 1572.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 24 November 1572, a month after the death of Regent Mar, Morton, who had been the most powerful noble during Mar and Lennox's rule, at last reached the object of his ambition by being elected regent. As Regent of Scotland, Morton expected the support of England and <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I" title="Elizabeth I">Elizabeth</a>, and a week after his election, he wrote to <a href="/wiki/William_Cecil,_Lord_Burghley" class="mw-redirect" title="William Cecil, Lord Burghley">William Cecil, Lord Burghley</a> following his discussions with the English ambassador <a href="/wiki/Henry_Killigrew_(diplomat)" title="Henry Killigrew (diplomat)">Henry Killigrew</a>: </p> <blockquote><p>The knowledge of her Majesty's meaning has chiefly moved me to accept the charge (the Regency), resting in assured hope of her favourable protection and maintenance, especially for the present payment of our men-of-war their bypast wages, "without the quhilk I salbe drevin in mony great inconvenientis."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In many respects, Morton was an energetic and capable ruler. His first achievement was the conclusion of the civil war in Scotland against the supporters of the exiled Mary. In February 1573 he effected a pacification with <a href="/wiki/George_Gordon,_5th_Earl_of_Huntly" title="George Gordon, 5th Earl of Huntly">George Gordon, 5th Earl of Huntly</a>, the Hamiltons and other Catholic nobles who supported Mary, at <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Scotland" title="Perth, Scotland">Perth</a> with the aid of Elizabeth's envoy, Henry Killigrew.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Edinburgh Castle still held out for Mary under the command of William Kirkcaldy of Grange and <a href="/wiki/William_Maitland_of_Lethington" title="William Maitland of Lethington">William Maitland of Lethington</a>, and after a long siege the castle was taken on 27 May 1573, aided by English artillery and soldiers which finally arrived under <a href="/wiki/William_Drury" title="William Drury">William Drury</a>. </p><p>The ensuing execution of the leaders of the Castle garrison men put an end to the last chance of Mary's restoration by native support. In July 1573 Morton had the king's chamber at Stirling Castle panelled, 60 new gold buttons made for his clothes, and gave him a football.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He made efforts to recover <a href="/wiki/Jewels_of_Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Jewels of Mary, Queen of Scots">jewels belonging to Mary</a> which were held by <a href="/wiki/Agnes_Keith,_Countess_of_Moray" title="Agnes Keith, Countess of Moray">Agnes Keith, Countess of Moray</a> and others.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While all now seemed to favour Morton, under-currents combined to procure his fall. The <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a> <a href="/wiki/Clergy" title="Clergy">clergy</a> were alienated by his leaning to <a href="/wiki/Episcopacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Episcopacy">Episcopacy</a>, and all parties in the divided Church disliked his seizure of its estates. <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Melville" title="Andrew Melville">Andrew Melville</a>, who had taken over as leader of the Kirk from <a href="/wiki/John_Knox" title="John Knox">John Knox</a>, was firmly against any departure from the Presbyterian model and refused to be won by a place in Morton's household. Morton rigorously pursued the collection of a third of the income from every Church benefice, a revenue that had been allocated to finance the King's household. Morton had discretion to exempt persons and institutions from paying these thirds, and the historian George Hewitt found no striking evidence of bias in Morton's exemptions.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1575 Morton obtained six "<a href="/wiki/Snaphaunce" class="mw-redirect" title="Snaphaunce">snaphaunce</a>" <a href="/wiki/Musket" title="Musket">musket</a> hand guns from Flanders to serve as patterns for long guns called "<a href="/wiki/Caliver" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliver">calivers</a>". The Edinburgh gunmakers were ready to make 50 every week, they also made pistols called "dags" which equipped most of the gentlemen of Scotland. He sent goldsmith <a href="/wiki/Michael_Sym" title="Michael Sym">Michael Sym</a> to London for tools for the royal mint. Sym was also sent to buy silver plate for Morton and have some rubies cut for him.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1577 Morton was granted the <a href="/wiki/Barony_of_Stobo" class="mw-redirect" title="Barony of Stobo">barony of Stobo</a>. However, over the next few months, opposition to Morton grew, led by the <a href="/wiki/Colin_Campbell,_6th_Earl_of_Argyll" title="Colin Campbell, 6th Earl of Argyll">Earl of Argyll</a> and the <a href="/wiki/John_Stewart,_4th_Earl_of_Atholl" title="John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl">Earl of Atholl</a>, both leading <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholics</a> and members of the Queen's party, in league with <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Erskine_of_Gogar" title="Alexander Erskine of Gogar">Alexander Erskine of Gogar</a>, governor of <a href="/wiki/Stirling_Castle" title="Stirling Castle">Stirling Castle</a> and custodian of the young James VI. </p><p>Morton was finally forced to resign as Regent in March 1578 but retained much of his power. He surrendered Edinburgh Castle, <a href="/wiki/Holyrood_Palace" title="Holyrood Palace">Holyrood Palace</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_Scotland" title="Great Seal of Scotland">Great Seal</a> and the jewels and <a href="/wiki/Honours_of_Scotland" title="Honours of Scotland">Honours of Scotland</a>, retiring for a while to <a href="/wiki/Lochleven_Castle" title="Lochleven Castle">Lochleven Castle</a>, where he busied himself in laying out gardens. On 10 March, James VI issued a proclamation recognising that many in Scotland "misliked" the regiment of Morton, who had now resigned, and James would now accept the burden of the administration. The King was eleven years old.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Queen Elizabeth wrote to her agents in Scotland expressing her astonishment and displeasure because, as she was convinced her influence had brought Morton to the regency, his forced resignation reflected badly on her. If Morton was now to be accused of bad government, she instructed her diplomats <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Randolph_(diplomat)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Randolph (diplomat)">Thomas Randolph</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bowes_(lawyer)" title="Robert Bowes (lawyer)">Robert Bowes</a> to defend him by saying that his accusers should have first appealed to England to pressure Morton to reform his administration.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="President_of_the_Privy_Council_and_arrest">President of the Privy Council and arrest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: President of the Privy Council and arrest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Attributed_to_Arnold_Bronckorst_-_James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton,_about_1516_-_1581._Regent_of_Scotland_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Attributed_to_Arnold_Bronckorst_-_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton%2C_about_1516_-_1581._Regent_of_Scotland_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Attributed_to_Arnold_Bronckorst_-_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton%2C_about_1516_-_1581._Regent_of_Scotland_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Attributed_to_Arnold_Bronckorst_-_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton%2C_about_1516_-_1581._Regent_of_Scotland_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Attributed_to_Arnold_Bronckorst_-_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton%2C_about_1516_-_1581._Regent_of_Scotland_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Attributed_to_Arnold_Bronckorst_-_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton%2C_about_1516_-_1581._Regent_of_Scotland_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Attributed_to_Arnold_Bronckorst_-_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton%2C_about_1516_-_1581._Regent_of_Scotland_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3085" data-file-height="4001" /></a><figcaption>James Douglas, c. 1578, by <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Bronckorst" title="Arnold Bronckorst">Arnold Bronckorst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Portrait_Gallery" title="Scottish National Portrait Gallery">Scottish National Portrait Gallery</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On 27 April 1578, by the action of <a href="/wiki/John_Erskine,_Earl_of_Mar_(1558%E2%80%931634)" title="John Erskine, Earl of Mar (1558–1634)">John Erskine</a> (son of <a href="/wiki/Regent_Mar" class="mw-redirect" title="Regent Mar">Regent Mar</a>) and his brothers, the <a href="/wiki/Commendator" class="mw-redirect" title="Commendator">Commendators</a> of <a href="/wiki/Abbot_of_Cambuskenneth" title="Abbot of Cambuskenneth">Cambuskenneth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abbot_of_Dryburgh" title="Abbot of Dryburgh">Dryburgh</a>, Morton gained possession of <a href="/wiki/Stirling_Castle" title="Stirling Castle">Stirling Castle</a> and the person of the king, regaining his ascendancy. On 12 August 1578, the forces of his opponents faced his army at <a href="/wiki/Falkirk" title="Falkirk">Falkirk</a>, but a truce was negotiated by two Edinburgh ministers, James Lawson and David Lindsay, and the English resident <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bowes_(diplomat)" title="Robert Bowes (diplomat)">Robert Bowes</a>. A nominal reconciliation was effected, and a <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Scotland" title="Parliament of Scotland">parliament</a> at Stirling introduced a new government. Morton, who secured an <a href="/wiki/Indemnity" title="Indemnity">indemnity</a>, was president of the council, but Atholl remained a privy councillor in an enlarged council with the representatives of both parties. Shortly afterwards Atholl died (allegedly of <a href="/wiki/Poison" title="Poison">poison</a>) and suspicion pointed to Morton. His return to power was brief, and the only important event was the <a href="/wiki/Prosecution" class="mw-redirect" title="Prosecution">prosecution</a> of the two Hamiltons who still supported Mary. In the spring of 1579, the Scottish government's forces moved to crush the power of the <a href="/wiki/Clan_Hamilton" title="Clan Hamilton">Hamilton family</a> in the west, and <a href="/wiki/Claud_Hamilton,_1st_Lord_Paisley" title="Claud Hamilton, 1st Lord Paisley">Claude Hamilton</a> and his brother <a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton,_1st_Marquess_of_Hamilton" title="John Hamilton, 1st Marquess of Hamilton">John Hamilton</a> fled to England. Morton would later deny that this was his initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final fall of Morton came from an opposite quarter. </p><p>In May 1579, at <a href="/wiki/St_Andrews" title="St Andrews">St Andrews</a>, an eccentric called Skipper Lindsay publicly declared to Morton in the King's presence during the performance of a play that his day of judgement was at hand. In September, <a href="/wiki/Esm%C3%A9_Stewart,_1st_Duke_of_Lennox" title="Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox">Esmé Stewart, Sieur d'Aubigny</a>, the king's cousin, came to Scotland from <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, gained the favour of James by his courtly manners, and received the lands and <a href="/wiki/Earldom_of_Lennox" class="mw-redirect" title="Earldom of Lennox">earldom of Lennox</a>, the custody of <a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Castle" title="Dumbarton Castle">Dumbarton Castle</a>, and the office of <a href="/wiki/Great_Chamberlain" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Chamberlain">chamberlain</a>. The young James VI was declared to have reached his majority and formally began his personal rule with some ceremony in Edinburgh in September 1579, and the period of the Regents was concluded. </p><p>On 31 December 1580, an associate of Lennox, <a href="/wiki/James_Stuart,_Earl_of_Arran" class="mw-redirect" title="James Stuart, Earl of Arran">James Stuart, Earl of Arran</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Lord_Ochiltree" title="Lord Ochiltree">Lord Ochiltree</a> and brother-in-law of John Knox, had the daring to accuse Morton at a meeting of the council in Holyrood of complicity in the murder of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Stuart,_Lord_Darnley" title="Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley">Darnley</a>, and he was at once committed to custody in Holyroodhouse and taken to <a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Castle" title="Dumbarton Castle">Dumbarton Castle</a> in the Lennox heartland.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some months later Morton was condemned by an <a href="/wiki/Assize" class="mw-redirect" title="Assize">assize</a>, presided over by <a href="/wiki/John_Graham,_Lord_Hallyards" title="John Graham, Lord Hallyards">John Graham, Lord Hallyards</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for having taken part in the Darnley's murder, and the verdict was justified by his confession that the <a href="/wiki/James_Hepburn,_4th_Earl_of_Bothwell" title="James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell">Earl of Bothwell</a> had revealed to him the design, although he denied participation, "<a href="/wiki/Art_and_part" title="Art and part">art and part</a>", in its execution. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Execution">Execution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Execution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Maiden_(Scottish_guillotine).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/The_Maiden_%28Scottish_guillotine%29.jpg/220px-The_Maiden_%28Scottish_guillotine%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/The_Maiden_%28Scottish_guillotine%29.jpg/330px-The_Maiden_%28Scottish_guillotine%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/The_Maiden_%28Scottish_guillotine%29.jpg/440px-The_Maiden_%28Scottish_guillotine%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a><figcaption>The "<a href="/wiki/Maiden_(beheading)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maiden (beheading)">Maiden</a>" in the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Scotland" title="National Museum of Scotland">National Museum of Scotland</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stone_marker_in_Greyfriars_Kirkyard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stone_marker_in_Greyfriars_Kirkyard.jpg/220px-Stone_marker_in_Greyfriars_Kirkyard.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stone_marker_in_Greyfriars_Kirkyard.jpg/330px-Stone_marker_in_Greyfriars_Kirkyard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Stone_marker_in_Greyfriars_Kirkyard.jpg/440px-Stone_marker_in_Greyfriars_Kirkyard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2472" data-file-height="1912" /></a><figcaption>Stone marker in Greyfriars Kirkyard</figcaption></figure> <p>Morton was brought to Edinburgh on 30 May 1581 and confined in the house of <a href="/wiki/Robert_Gourlay_(merchant)" title="Robert Gourlay (merchant)">Robert Gourlay</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Mile" title="Royal Mile">Royal Mile</a> around 100m from his execution site.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was accompanied by a servant, William Stewart, who witnessed that he slept well on the night after he was condemned.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before his execution Morton made a confession in a conversation with <a href="/wiki/John_Durie" title="John Durie">John Durie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Balcanquhall_(divine)" title="Walter Balcanquhall (divine)">Walter Balcanquhall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was executed on 2 June 1581, attended by <a href="/wiki/James_Lawson_(minister)" title="James Lawson (minister)">James Lawson</a> of St Giles.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The method of his execution was the <a href="/wiki/Maiden_(beheading)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maiden (beheading)">maiden</a>, an early form of <a href="/wiki/Guillotine" title="Guillotine">guillotine</a> modelled on the <a href="/wiki/Halifax_gibbet" class="mw-redirect" title="Halifax gibbet">Halifax gibbet</a>. According to tradition, he brought it personally from England, having been "impressed by its clean work",<sup id="cite_ref-maxwell_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maxwell-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but doubt has been cast on this. It was actually ordered to be made by Edinburgh's Town Council in 1564.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Hume_of_Godscroft" title="David Hume of Godscroft">David Hume of Godscroft</a> appears to have initiated this Morton legend in his <i>History of the House of Douglas</i> (1644). </p><p>Morton's corpse remained on the scaffold for the following day, until it was taken for burial in an unmarked grave at <a href="/wiki/Greyfriars_Kirkyard" title="Greyfriars Kirkyard">Greyfriars Kirkyard</a>. His head, however, remained on "the prick on the highest stone",<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (a spike) on the north gable of the ancient <a href="/wiki/Old_Tolbooth,_Edinburgh" title="Old Tolbooth, Edinburgh">Tolbooth</a> of Edinburgh (outside <a href="/wiki/St_Giles_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="St Giles Cathedral">St Giles Cathedral</a>) for eighteen months, until it was ordered to be reunited with his body in December 1582.<sup id="cite_ref-maxwell_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maxwell-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Morton's final resting place is reputedly<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> marked by a small sandstone post incised with the initials "J.E.M." for James Earl of Morton. The post is more probably a <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian</a> marker for a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/lairage" class="extiw" title="wikt:lairage">lairage</a>. In the very unlikely event that a marker was permitted for an executed criminal, the inscribed initials would have been "J.D." and, secondly, it would have been cleared away in 1595 when all stones were removed from Greyfriars.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Widow,_daughters,_and_the_Morton_title"><span id="Widow.2C_daughters.2C_and_the_Morton_title"></span>Widow, daughters, and the Morton title</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Widow, daughters, and the Morton title"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the execution of her husband, Morton's wife, Dame Elizabeth Douglas was found by an inquest to be incapable of managing her affairs, as she was "idiot and prodigal" in the language of the time. King James VI signed a warrant to appoint a legal guardian called an "administrator and tutor" to supervise and protect her property.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The title of <a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Morton" title="Earl of Morton">Earl of Morton</a> passed by charter to the son of Dame Elizabeth Douglas's sister Beatrix, <a href="/wiki/John_Maxwell,_8th_Lord_Maxwell" title="John Maxwell, 8th Lord Maxwell">John Maxwell, 8th Lord Maxwell</a>. Maxwell had been in dispute with Regent Morton over the title, and while the former Regent was in prison, Maxwell had made a contract with the Duke of Lennox on 29 April 1581. Lennox would work to give Maxwell rights over the Morton earldom, and make him the legal guardian of James Douglas and Dame Elizabeth's three daughters. The three sisters, like their mother, would be declared incapable by a "brieve of idiotry". In 1586, however, the title was given to <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Douglas,_8th_Earl_of_Angus" title="Archibald Douglas, 8th Earl of Angus">Archibald Douglas, 8th Earl of Angus</a>, a nephew and legal heir of Regent Morton. Maxwell was still able to use the title, though it did not descend to his heirs.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regent Morton had sons by other women including <a href="/wiki/James_Douglas_of_Spott" title="James Douglas of Spott">James Douglas of Spott</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Barony_of_Stobo" class="mw-redirect" title="Barony of Stobo">barony of Stobo</a> was confiscated by the Crown and was granted to the <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Chancellor of Scotland">Chancellor of Scotland</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Maitland,_1st_Lord_Maitland_of_Thirlestane" title="John Maitland, 1st Lord Maitland of Thirlestane">John Maitland</a>, in 1587.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drochil_Castle_and_other_buildings">Drochil Castle and other buildings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Drochil Castle and other buildings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arched_passageway,_Drochil_Castle_(2)_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1703483.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Arched_passageway%2C_Drochil_Castle_%282%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1703483.jpg/220px-Arched_passageway%2C_Drochil_Castle_%282%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1703483.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Arched_passageway%2C_Drochil_Castle_%282%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1703483.jpg/330px-Arched_passageway%2C_Drochil_Castle_%282%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1703483.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Arched_passageway%2C_Drochil_Castle_%282%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1703483.jpg/440px-Arched_passageway%2C_Drochil_Castle_%282%29_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1703483.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="530" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Drochil_Castle" title="Drochil Castle">Drochil Castle</a>, basement corridor. The Castle is notable for its planning with central corridors on three levels</figcaption></figure> <p>James Douglas started building <a href="/wiki/Drochil_Castle" title="Drochil Castle">Drochil Castle</a> for his own use in 1578, three years before his death. It was no more than half built and never finished. The ruins of the castle overlook <a href="/wiki/Peebles" title="Peebles">Peebles</a> and the valleys of the <a href="/wiki/Tarth_Water" title="Tarth Water">Tarth Water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lyne_Water" title="Lyne Water">Lyne Water</a>, and <a href="/wiki/River_Tweed" title="River Tweed">River Tweed</a>. At <a href="/wiki/Aberdour_Castle" title="Aberdour Castle">Aberdour Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fife" title="Fife">Fife</a>, Morton's lodging survives with its terrace overlooking the <a href="/wiki/River_Forth" title="River Forth">Firth of Forth</a>. Morton also extended his residence at <a href="/wiki/Dalkeith_Palace" title="Dalkeith Palace">Dalkeith Palace</a>, but these works have long since been demolished. Wreaths Tower, Kirkbean Parish, <a href="/wiki/Dumfries_and_Galloway" title="Dumfries and Galloway">Dumfries and Galloway</a>, is said to have belonged to Morton.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Morton commissioned extensive reconstruction at Edinburgh Castle after the siege, including the Portcullis Gate where his heraldic insignia of a heart can still be seen, and the iconic half-moon battery which fronts the castle and conceals the remains of buildings destroyed in 1573. On his orders, galleries, stables, and other new buildings were constructed at Stirling Castle and Holyroodhouse, and rooms refurbished and furnished for the use of the King.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his resignation in March 1578, Morton pointed out to the officers of the Scottish exchequer that the royal houses were "now in better case than they were at the beginning of his regiment."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Morton_in_fiction">Morton in fiction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Morton in fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Morton is a character in Liz Lochhead's play <i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Queen_of_Scots_Got_Her_Head_Chopped_Off" title="Mary Queen of Scots Got Her Head Chopped Off">Mary Queen of Scots Got Her Head Chopped Off</a></i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Tranter" title="Nigel Tranter">Nigel Tranter</a>'s novel <i>Lord and Master</i> (originally called <i>The Master of Gray</i>, the first part of a trilogy of that name) includes an account of Morton's fall from power and his execution. </p><p>Morton was played by the actor <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Purchase" title="Bruce Purchase">Bruce Purchase</a> in the 1971 period drama <i><a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots_(1971_film)" title="Mary, Queen of Scots (1971 film)">Mary, Queen of Scots</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewitt, George R., <i>Scotland under Morton</i> (John Donald, 1982), p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joseph Bain, <i>Calendar State Papers Scotland</i>, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1898), p. 615</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewitt (1982), 207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joseph Bain, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924091786040/page/720/mode/2up"><i>Hamilton Papers</i>, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1890), pp. 720–722</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewitt, (1982), p. 1–3, citing for Tantallon, <i>Letters & Papers Henry VIII</i>, 19:1, p. 213, and <i>Maitland Miscellany</i>, vol. 4. pp. 94–95, 98–99.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Simon Adams, <i>Household Accounts of Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester</i> (RHS/CUP, 1995), p. 146 fm: Hewitt (1982), p. 4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Calendar State Papers Scotland: 1547–1563</i>, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1898), p. 504.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://highstreethostel.com/about-us/history/">History of High Street Hostel and the Building</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111227224837/http://highstreethostel.com/about-us/history/">Archived</a> 27 December 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at High Street Hostel, Edinburgh. Retrieved 6 February 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewitt (1982), 10, citing Calderwood, <i>History of the Kirk of Scotland</i> (Edinburgh, 1843), pp. 363–364.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Boyd, <i>Calendar State Papers Scotland</i>, vol. 3 (Edinburgh, 1903), pp. 545–546, 553.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Annie_Cameron" title="Annie Cameron">Annie Cameron</a>, <i>Warrender Papers</i>, vol. 1 (SHS: Edinburgh, 1931), pp. 104–111, 115: <i>Calendar State Papers Scotland</i>, vol. 4 (Edinburgh, 1905), pp. 47–48, 52–54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Calendar State Papers Scotland</i>, vol. 4 (Edinburgh, 1905) p. 441 no. 488.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewitt (1982), p. 25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Thorpe McInnes, <i>Accounts of the Treasurer: 1566–1574</i>, vol. 12 (Edinburgh, 1970), p. 354.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Thomson_(advocate)" title="Thomas Thomson (advocate)">Thomas Thomson</a>, <i>A Collection of Royal Inventories</i> (Edinburgh, 1815) pp. 195–200.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jade Scott, "Mary Queen of Jewels", <i>History Today</i>, 70:10 (October 2024), pp. 54–61: Michael Pearce, "The jewels Mary Queen of Scots left behind", 2016, pp. 1–113. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.13140%2FRG.2.2.34957.61920">10.13140/RG.2.2.34957.61920</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewitt, (1982), pp. 82–91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Calendar State Papers Scotland</i>, vol. 5 (Edinburgh, 1907), pp. 182, 197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Calendar of State Papers Scotland</i>, vol. 5 (Edinburgh, 1907), pp. 275–279.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Calendar State Papers Scotland</i>, vol. 5 (Edinburgh, 1907), p. 279 no. 320.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewitt, (1982), pp. 64–71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewitt (1982), pp. 76–77, 188–189.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/James_Grant_(1822%E2%80%931887)" title="James Grant (1822–1887)">James Grant</a>, <i>Old and New Edinburgh</i>, vol. 2, p. 302.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grant's Old and New Edinburgh Vol 1 Chapter 12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Graham_Dalyell" title="John Graham Dalyell">John Graham Dalyell</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/journaloftransac00banniala/page/513/mode/2up"><i>Journal of the Transactions in Scotland, by Richard Bannatyne</i> (Edinburgh, 1806), p. 513</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Graham Dalyell, <i>Journal of the Transactions in Scotland, by Richard Bannatyne</i> (Edinburgh, 1806), pp. 493–518.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae</i>; by Hew Scott</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-maxwell-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-maxwell_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-maxwell_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Maxwell, <i>History of the House of Douglas</i>, vol. 1, pp. 283–285</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herbert Maxwell, <i>Edinburgh, A Historical Study</i> (Williams and Norgate, 1916), p. 299</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Grant, <i>Old and New Edinburgh</i>, p. 124</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gravestonephotos.com/public/gravedetails.php?available=no&grave=138797&personid=294943">James Morton grave monument details</a> at gravestonephotos.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Fraser, <i>Lennox Muniments</i>, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1874), pp. 321–322.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William Fraser, <i>Carlaverock Book</i>, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1873) pp. 252–253, 271.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Register of the Great Seal</i>, vol. 5 nos. 1346/1549</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/site/65339/wreaths-tower">"Wreaths Tower | Canmore"</a>. <i>canmore.org.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=canmore.org.uk&rft.atitle=Wreaths+Tower+%26%23124%3B+Canmore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fsite%2F65339%2Fwreaths-tower&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Douglas%2C+4th+Earl+of+Morton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Accounts of the Treasurer of Scotland</i>, vol. 13 (Edinburgh, HMSO, 1978), pp. 21–22, 26–27, 149, 150–151, 166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Calendar State Papers Scotland</i>, vol.5 (Edinburgh, 1907), p. 277 no. 315.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casket_letters" title="Casket letters">Casket letters</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Morton,_James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Morton, James Douglas, 4th Earl of">Morton, James Douglas, 4th Earl of</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 18 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 880–881.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Morton%2C+James+Douglas%2C+4th+Earl+of&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=880-881&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJames+Douglas%2C+4th+Earl+of+Morton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Hewitt, George R., <i>Scotland under Morton 1572–80</i>, John Donald, Edinburgh (1982, and reprint, 2003)</li> <li>Lee, Maurice, 'The Fall of Regent Morton: a problem in Satellite Diplomacy,' in <i>Journal of Modern History</i>, vol. 28 (1956), pp. 111–129</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Maxwell" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert Maxwell">Sir Herbert Maxwell Bart., FRS, LLD.</a>, <i>A History of the House of Douglas</i> 2 vols, Freemantle and Co., London (1902)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton">James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Erskine,_Earl_of_Mar_(d._1572)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Erskine, Earl of Mar (d. 1572)">The Earl of Mar</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Regent_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Regent of Scotland">Regent of Scotland</a> </b><br />1572–1578 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Last regent </b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #CF9C65;">Military offices </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Unknown</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Lord_High_Admiral_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord High Admiral of Scotland">Lord High Admiral of Scotland</a> </b><br />1567– </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Unknown</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Gordon,_4th_Earl_of_Huntly" title="George Gordon, 4th Earl of Huntly">The 4th Earl of Huntly</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor_of_Scotland" title="Lord Chancellor of Scotland">Lord Chancellor of Scotland</a> </b><br />1563–1566 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Gordon,_5th_Earl_of_Huntly" title="George Gordon, 5th Earl of Huntly">The 5th Earl of Huntly</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_Gordon,_5th_Earl_of_Huntly" title="George Gordon, 5th Earl of Huntly">The 5th Earl of Huntly</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor_of_Scotland" title="Lord Chancellor of Scotland">Lord Chancellor of Scotland</a> </b><br />1567–1573 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Campbell,_5th_Earl_of_Argyll" title="Archibald Campbell, 5th Earl of Argyll">The 5th Earl of Argyll</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;"><a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_Scotland" title="Peerage of Scotland">Peerage of Scotland</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Douglas,_3rd_Earl_of_Morton" title="James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Morton">James Douglas</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_James_Douglas,_4th_Earl_of_Morton.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Arms_of_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton.svg/40px-Arms_of_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Arms_of_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton.svg/60px-Arms_of_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Arms_of_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton.svg/80px-Arms_of_James_Douglas%2C_4th_Earl_of_Morton.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="476" /></a></span> <br /><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Morton" title="Earl of Morton">Earl of Morton</a> 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