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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Princip_rada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Princip_rada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Princip rada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Princip_rada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vrste" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vrste"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vrste</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vrste-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Vrste</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vrste-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ugljeni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ugljeni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ugljeni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ugljeni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dinamički" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dinamički"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Dinamički</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dinamički-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kondenzatorski" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kondenzatorski"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Kondenzatorski</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kondenzatorski-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kristalni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kristalni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Kristalni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kristalni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Karakteristike" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Karakteristike"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Karakteristike</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Karakteristike-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Karakteristike</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Karakteristike-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Usmjerna_karakteristika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usmjerna_karakteristika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Usmjerna karakteristika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usmjerna_karakteristika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nelinearna_izobličenja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nelinearna_izobličenja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Nelinearna izobličenja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nelinearna_izobličenja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dinamički_opseg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dinamički_opseg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Dinamički opseg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dinamički_opseg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osjetljivost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osjetljivost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Osjetljivost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osjetljivost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impedancija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impedancija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Impedancija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impedancija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prijenosni_frekvencijski_opseg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prijenosni_frekvencijski_opseg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Prijenosni frekvencijski opseg</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prijenosni_frekvencijski_opseg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Povezano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Povezano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Povezano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Povezano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterni_linkovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterni_linkovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Eksterni linkovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterni_linkovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mikrofon</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 101 jeziku" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-101" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">101 jezik</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofoon" title="Mikrofoon — Afrikanerski" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mikrofoon" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikanerski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="ميكروفون — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميكروفون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%83" title="المايك — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المايك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micr%C3%B3fonu" title="Micrófonu — Asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Micrófonu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka_arimowakaniok" title="Ka arimowakaniok — atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Ka arimowakaniok" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Микрофон — Baškir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Микрофон" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baškir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikropono" title="Mikropono — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mikropono" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Мікрафон — Beloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мікрафон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Beloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Мікрафон — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мікрафон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halo-halo" title="Halo-halo — Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Halo-halo" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Микрофон — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Микрофон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8" title="মাইক্রোফোন — Bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাইক্রোফোন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micr%C3%B2fon" title="Micròfon — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Micròfon" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meicroffon" title="Meicroffon — Velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Meicroffon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobar članak"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%BF" title="Μικρόφωνο — Grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μικρόφωνο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Microphone" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofono" title="Mikrofono — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mikrofono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micr%C3%B3fono" title="Micrófono — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Micrófono" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofono" title="Mikrofono — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mikrofono" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="میکروفون — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میکروفون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofoni" title="Mikrofoni — Finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mikrofoni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ts%C3%A4pek%C3%B5rv" title="Tsäpekõrv — Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tsäpekõrv" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Microphone" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micreaf%C3%B3n" title="Micreafón — Irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Micreafón" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%B1%E7%AD%92" title="話筒 — gan kineski" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="話筒" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micr%C3%B3fono" title="Micrófono — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Micrófono" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumbotuichaha" title="Pumbotuichaha — Gvarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pumbotuichaha" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Gvarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makirifo" title="Makirifo — Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Makirifo" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1i-k%C3%BB" title="Mái-kû — hakka kineski" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mái-kû" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F" title="מיקרופון — Hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיקרופון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="माइक्रोफोन — Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="माइक्रोफोन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikwof%C3%B2n" title="Mikwofòn — Haićanski" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mikwofòn" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haićanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D5%B2" title="Խոսափող — Jermenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խոսափող" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Jermenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AD%D6%85%D5%BD" title="Բարձրախօս — Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Բարձրախօս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofono" title="Mikrofono — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mikrofono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlj%C3%B3%C3%B0nemi" title="Hljóðnemi — Islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hljóðnemi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfono" title="Microfono — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Microfono" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%B3" title="マイクロフォン — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マイクロフォン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="მიკროფონი — Gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მიკროფონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Микрофон — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Микрофон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಮೈಕ್ರೊಫೋನ್ — Kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೈಕ್ರೊಫೋನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%ED%8F%B0" title="마이크로폰 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마이크로폰" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AEkrofon" title="Mîkrofon — Kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mîkrofon" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Микрофон — Kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Микрофон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphonum" title="Microphonum — Latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Microphonum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofonas" title="Mikrofonas — Litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mikrofonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofons" title="Mikrofons — Letonski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mikrofons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Микрофон — Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Микрофон" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Микрофон — Makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Микрофон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BA" title="മൈക്രോഫോൺ — Malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൈക്രോഫോൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofoon" title="Mikrofoon — donjosaksonski" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Mikrofoon" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="donjosaksonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="माइक्रोफोन — Nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="माइक्रोफोन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8" title="माइक्रोफोन — Nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="माइक्रोफोन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfoon" title="Microfoon — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Microfoon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Norveški njorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norveški njorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microf%C3%B2n" title="Microfòn — Provansalski" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Microfòn" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Provansalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A8" title="ਮਾਇਕਰੋਫੋਨ — Pandžabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਾਇਕਰੋਫੋਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandžabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%DA%96%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="غږتاندی — Paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="غږتاندی" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfone" title="Microfone — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Microfone" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruqyay_musyana" title="Ruqyay musyana — Kvenča" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ruqyay musyana" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kvenča" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfon" title="Microfon — Rumunski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Microfon" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Микрофон — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Микрофон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone — Škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Microphone" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Microphone" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrof%C3%B3n" title="Mikrofón — Slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mikrofón" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofoni" title="Mikrofoni — Albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mikrofoni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Микрофон — Srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Микрофон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikropon" title="Mikropon — Sudanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mikropon" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sudanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinasasauti" title="Kinasasauti — Svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kinasasauti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF" title="ஒலிவாங்கி — Tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒலிவாங்கி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="మైక్రోఫోన్ — Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మైక్రోఫోన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%99" title="ไมโครโฟน — Tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไมโครโฟน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikropono" title="Mikropono — Tagalski" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mikropono" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Мікрофон — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мікрофон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86" title="مائیکروفون — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مائیکروفون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Mikrofon — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mikrofon" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfono" title="Microfono — venecijanski" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Microfono" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venecijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphone" title="Microphone — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Microphone" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikropono" title="Mikropono — Varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mikropono" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%B1%E7%AD%92" title="話筒 — Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="話筒" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9F" title="מיקראפאן — Jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מיקראפאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gboh%C3%B9ngboh%C3%B9n" title="Gbohùngbohùn — Jorubanski" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Gbohùngbohùn" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Jorubanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E9%A3%8E" title="麦克风 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="麦克风" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A0i-kuh" title="Mài-kuh — min nan kineski" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Mài-kuh" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%92%AA%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0" title="咪高峰 — kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="咪高峰" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q46384#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mikrofon" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Mikrofon&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Razgovarajte o sadržini ove stranice (stranica ne postoji) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Latinica</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-sh-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&variant=sh-latn" lang="sh-Latn" hreflang="sh-Latn"><span>Latinica</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-sh-Cyrl mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&variant=sh-cyrl" lang="sh-Cyrl" hreflang="sh-Cyrl"><span>Ћирилица</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Teme"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mikrofon"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=history" title="Pogledajte prethodne verzije ove stranice [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alatke" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alatke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Alati</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Više mogućnosti" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Radnje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mikrofon"><span>Prikaži</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kod</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=history"><span>Historija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Opšte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:%C5%A0to_vodi_ovdje/Mikrofon" title="Pogledajte listu svih stranica koje vode ovamo [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Šta vodi ovamo</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Povezane_izmjene/Mikrofon" rel="nofollow" title="Prelistajte nedavne izmjene stranica koje su povezane s ovom [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane izmjene</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Posebne_stranice" title="Pregledajte listu svih posebnih stranica [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne stranice</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&oldid=42171809" title="Nabavite trajnu vezu do ove verzije stranice"><span>Trajna veza</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=info" title="Pronađite više informacija o ovoj stranici"><span>Podaci o stranici</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Citiraj&page=Mikrofon&id=42171809&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Saznajte kako da citirate ovu stranicu"><span>Citiraj stranicu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Skra%C4%87iva%C4%8D_adresa&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMikrofon"><span>Skrati URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMikrofon"><span>Preuzmi QR kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Štampanje/izvoz </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Kolekcija&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Mikrofon"><span>Napravi knjigu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mikrofon&action=show-download-screen"><span>Preuzmi kao PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&printable=yes" title="Odštampajte ovu stranicu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Odštampaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na drugim projektima </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Microphones" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q46384" title="Pogledajte povezanu stavku u skladištu podataka [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Stavka na Wikipodacima</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41262443">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output 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class="infobox-title">Mikrofon</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Kondensatormikro-philips_hg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Kondensatormikro-philips_hg.jpg/220px-Kondensatormikro-philips_hg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Kondensatormikro-philips_hg.jpg/330px-Kondensatormikro-philips_hg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Kondensatormikro-philips_hg.jpg/440px-Kondensatormikro-philips_hg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3002" data-file-height="2726" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tip <a href="/wiki/Elektronske_komponente" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronske komponente">komponente</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Passivity_(engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passivity (engineering)">pasivna</a> (<a href="/wiki/Elektromagnet" title="Elektromagnet">elektromagnet</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Princip rada</th><td class="infobox-data">pretvorba zvuka u <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_napon" title="Električni napon">napon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Izumitelj</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prva proizvodnja</th><td class="infobox-data">1870-ih</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Elektronski_simbol" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronski simbol">Elektronski simbol</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Mic-IEC-Symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Mic-IEC-Symbol.svg/75px-Mic-IEC-Symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Mic-IEC-Symbol.svg/113px-Mic-IEC-Symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Mic-IEC-Symbol.svg/150px-Mic-IEC-Symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mikrofon</b> (<a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">eng</a>. <i>microphone</i>) je <a href="/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika">električni</a> <a href="/wiki/Pretvara%C4%8D" title="Pretvarač">pretvarač</a> koji pretvara <a href="/wiki/Zvuk" title="Zvuk">zvuk</a> u <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_signal" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni signal">električni signal</a>. Neke se vrste mikrofona pretežno primjenjuju za prijenos <a href="/wiki/Govor" title="Govor">govora</a> ili <a href="/wiki/Glazba" class="mw-redirect" title="Glazba">glazbe</a>, a druge u <a href="/wiki/Mjerenje" title="Mjerenje">mjerne svrhe</a> (na primjer za mjerenje <a href="/wiki/Buka" title="Buka">buke</a>, za <a href="/wiki/Akustika" title="Akustika">akustičku</a> analizu i slično). </p><p>Kao izumitelj prvog mikrofona spominje se <a href="/wiki/Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a>, dok je prvi kvalitetniji mikrofon izumio <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a>. <a href="/wiki/Werner_von_Siemens" title="Werner von Siemens">W. Siemens</a> izumio je 1878. elektrodinamički mikrofon s <a href="/wiki/Titranje" title="Titranje">titrajnom</a> <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_zavojnica" class="mw-redirect" title="Električna zavojnica">zavojnicom</a> (na tom načelu najčešće rade i današnji mikrofoni).<sup id="cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enciklopedija.hr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Riječ <i>mikrofon</i> potječe od engleske riječi <i>microphone</i> (koja pak potječe od dvije grčke riječi - <i>mikros</i> što znači mali, i <i>phone</i> što znači zvuk). Naziv mikrofon prvi je upotrijebio <a href="/wiki/Charles_Wheatstone" title="Charles Wheatstone">C. Wheatstone</a>. </p><p>Mikrofoni imaju više primjena, primjerice u <a href="/wiki/Telefon" title="Telefon">telefonima</a>, snimačima, <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radijskim</a> i <a href="/wiki/Televizija" title="Televizija">televizijskim</a> studijima, <a href="/wiki/Ra%C4%8Dunalo" class="mw-redirect" title="Računalo">računalima</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=VoIP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VoIP (stranica ne postoji)">VoIP</a> tehnologiji i tako dalje. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Princip_rada">Princip rada</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Princip rada" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Princip rada"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pretvorba zvuka u izmjenični <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_napon" title="Električni napon">električni napon</a> odvija se u dva koraka: <a href="/wiki/Membrana" class="mw-disambig" title="Membrana">membrana</a> se zvučnim valovima pobuđuje na mehaničko <a href="/wiki/Titranje" title="Titranje">titranje</a>, a ono se s pomoću mehaničko-električnoga pretvornika, spojenoga s membranom, pretvara u <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_napon" title="Električni napon">električni napon</a>. Prema načinu ugradnje membrane, konstrukciji pretvornika i njegovim svojstvima, razlikuju se pojedini tipovi i izvedbe mikrofona, pa i njihova <a href="/wiki/Frekvencija" title="Frekvencija">frekvencijska</a> i usmjerna karakteristika i druge značajke (osjetljivost, izobličenje, <a href="/wiki/Impedancija" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Impedancija">impedancija</a>, korisnost, omjer signal/smetnja). </p><p>Mikrofoni mogu biti tlačni ili gradijentni, što ovisi o tome djeluje li <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlak</a> zvučnih valova (takozvani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zvu%C4%8Dni_tlak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zvučni tlak (stranica ne postoji)">zvučni tlak</a>) na membranu samo s jedne ili s obiju strana, dok se prema tipu pretvornika dijele na ugljene, elektrodinamičke, kristalne, kondenzatorske i druge.<sup id="cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enciklopedija.hr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vrste">Vrste</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Vrste" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vrste"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ugljeni">Ugljeni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Ugljeni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Ugljeni"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Carbon_Button_Microphone.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Carbon_Button_Microphone.JPG/220px-Carbon_Button_Microphone.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Carbon_Button_Microphone.JPG/330px-Carbon_Button_Microphone.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Carbon_Button_Microphone.JPG/440px-Carbon_Button_Microphone.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Ugljeni mikrofon.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Alva_Edison" title="Thomas Alva Edison">Thomas Alva Edison</a> je u ožujku 1877. <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patentirao</a> prvi ugljeni mikrofon, a taj je do pojave <a href="/wiki/Elektronska_cijev" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronska cijev">elektronskih cijevi</a> bio jedina <a href="/wiki/Naprava" class="mw-redirect" title="Naprava">naprava</a> koja je pretvarala <a href="/wiki/Zvuk" title="Zvuk">zvuk</a> u <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_signal" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni signal">električni signal</a>. Koristio se u <a href="/wiki/Telekomunikacije" title="Telekomunikacije">telekomunikacijama</a> od samih početaka pa sve do osamdesetih godina 20. stoljeća. Prednosti su mu bile jednostavnost, niska cijena, mehanička otpornost i visoka razina izlaznog <a href="/wiki/Signal" title="Signal">signala</a>. Međutim, relativno velika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelinearna_izobli%C4%8Denja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nelinearna izobličenja (stranica ne postoji)">nelinearna izobličenja</a> i visok <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0um" class="mw-disambig" title="Šum">šum</a> onemogućili su mu širu primjenu. Način rada ugljenog mikrofona zasniva se na pojavi promjene <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_otpor" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni otpor">električnog otpora</a> zrnaca <a href="/wiki/Grafit" title="Grafit">grafita</a> smještenih u kućište mikrofona. Uslijed promjenljivog zvučnog <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlaka</a> ispred memebrane mikrofona dolazi do promjene električnog otpora ugljenoga mikrofona i svojevrsne "modulacije" istosmjerne <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" title="Električna struja">električne struje</a> ovisno o <a href="/wiki/Amplituda" title="Amplituda">amplitudi</a> zvučnog tlaka. Izmjenična komponenta struje na drugom kraju <a href="/wiki/Strujni_krug" class="mw-redirect" title="Strujni krug">strujnog kruga</a> uzrokovala je <a href="/wiki/Titranje" title="Titranje">titranje</a> membrane u <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnet" title="Elektromagnet">elektromagnetnoj</a> slušalici koja je na taj način pretvarala električni signal u zvuk. </p><p>Ugljeni mikrofon sastoji se od <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metalne</a> kutije zatvorene membranom i ispunjene ugljenim zrncima. Električni otpor sloja zrnaca ovisi o tlaku kojim membrana tlači zrnca prilikom titranja. Time je, u frekvenciji zvučnih valova, <a href="/wiki/Modulacija" title="Modulacija">modulirana</a> <a href="/wiki/Istosmjerna_struja" class="mw-redirect" title="Istosmjerna struja">istosmjerna struja</a> koja teče kroz mikrofon. Trenutačna vrijednost izmjenične komponente <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetska_indukcija" title="Elektromagnetska indukcija">induciranoga napona</a>, koji nastaje zbog promjene otpora, ovisi o elongaciji membrane, a ne o frekvenciji. Ugljeni se mikrofon zbog prikladne osjetljivosti koristi u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telefonija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telefonija (stranica ne postoji)">telefoniji</a>, opteretnog <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_otpor" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni otpor">električnog otpora</a> 600 <a href="/wiki/Om" class="mw-redirect" title="Om">Ω</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enciklopedija.hr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dinamički"><span id="Dinami.C4.8Dki"></span>Dinamički</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Dinamički" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Dinamički"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Us664a_microphone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Us664a_microphone.jpg/220px-Us664a_microphone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Us664a_microphone.jpg/330px-Us664a_microphone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Us664a_microphone.jpg/440px-Us664a_microphone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Elektrodinamički mikrofon.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Mic-dynamic.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mic-dynamic.PNG/220px-Mic-dynamic.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mic-dynamic.PNG/330px-Mic-dynamic.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mic-dynamic.PNG/440px-Mic-dynamic.PNG 2x" data-file-width="777" data-file-height="498" /></a><figcaption>Prikaz rada elektrodinamičkog mikrofona: 1. zvučni val, 2. membrana, 3. pokretna zavojnica, 4. <a href="/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet">magnet</a>, 5. <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_signal" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni signal">električni signal</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Elektrodinamički mikrofon radi na principu <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnetska_indukcija" title="Elektromagnetska indukcija">elektromagnetske indukcije</a> gdje zvučni valovi na pogodan način uzrokuju gibanje titrajne zavojnice ili trake. Otporan je na <a href="/wiki/Vlaga" title="Vlaga">vlagu</a>, mehanički izdržljiv, zadovoljavajućih prijenosnih karakteristika i relativno jeftin. Izvede li se kao elektrodinamički mikrofon s titrajnom zavojnicom ima zadovoljavajući izlazni napon za neposredan priključak na pred<a href="/wiki/Poja%C4%8Dalo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pojačalo">pojačalo</a>. Izvede li se, međutim, kao elektrodinamički mikrofon s trakom, izlazni se napon redovito povećava na odgovarajućem mikrofonskom <a href="/wiki/Transformator" title="Transformator">transformatoru</a> sa svrhom postizavanja što boljega odnosa signala i <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0um" class="mw-disambig" title="Šum">šuma</a>. </p><p>U elektrodinamičkom mikrofonu <a href="/wiki/Membrana" class="mw-disambig" title="Membrana">membrana</a> je spojena s titrajnom zavojnicom ili vrpcom. U <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_vodi%C4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni vodič">električnom vodiču</a>, koji je smješten u zračnom rasporu stalnog (permanentnoga) <a href="/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet">magneta</a>, prilikom titranja membrane inducira se napon koji je upravno razmjeran titrajnoj brzini. Frekvencijska karakteristika titrajne brzine ovisi o faktoru kvalitete titrajnoga sustava. Uz konstantan tlak zvučnih valova dobivena <a href="/wiki/Elektromotorna_sila" title="Elektromotorna sila">elektromotorna sila</a> mora biti neovisna o frekvenciji, pa i titrajna brzina mora biti konstantna za područje konstantnoga tlaka zvučnih valova. </p><p>Dinamički mikrofoni su prilično otporni na mehanička oštećenja i vlagu i imaju visok GBF (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gain_Before_Feedback&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gain Before Feedback (stranica ne postoji)">Gain Before Feedback</a></i>), tako da im je glavna primena ozvučavanje koncerata. Mikrofon AKG D112<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> je poznat po upotrebi pri snimanju ili ozvučavanju <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bas_bubanj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bas bubanj (stranica ne postoji)">bas bubnja</a>, dok se Shure SM58 često koristi za ozvučavanje i snimanje <a href="/wiki/Dobo%C5%A1" title="Doboš">doboša</a> i ponekad vokala. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kondenzatorski">Kondenzatorski</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odjeljak Kondenzatorski" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kondenzatorski"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Oktava319-internal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Oktava319-internal.jpg/220px-Oktava319-internal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Oktava319-internal.jpg/330px-Oktava319-internal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Oktava319-internal.jpg/440px-Oktava319-internal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1324" data-file-height="2016" /></a><figcaption>Unutrašnjost kondenzatorskog mikrofona.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Mic-condenser.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Mic-condenser.PNG/220px-Mic-condenser.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Mic-condenser.PNG/330px-Mic-condenser.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Mic-condenser.PNG/440px-Mic-condenser.PNG 2x" data-file-width="773" data-file-height="498" /></a><figcaption>Prikaz rada kondenzatorskog mikrofona: 1. zvučni val, 2. prednja membrana, 3. stražnja armatura, 4. izvor struje, 5. <a href="/wiki/Otpornik" title="Otpornik">otpornik</a>, 6. električni signal.</figcaption></figure> <p>Kondenzatorski, odnosno elektrostatski mikrofon izrađuje se tako da je membrana mikrofona jedna od ploča <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_kondenzator" class="mw-redirect" title="Električni kondenzator">električnog kondenzatora</a> izvedenog u obliku kapsule. Kondenzator može biti spojen na dva načina: ako je spojen u <a href="/wiki/Istosmjerna_struja" class="mw-redirect" title="Istosmjerna struja">istosmjerni električni</a> <a href="/wiki/Strujni_krug" class="mw-redirect" title="Strujni krug">strujni krug</a>, tada se <a href="/wiki/Titranje" title="Titranje">titranjem</a> membrane mijenja <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_kapacitet" title="Električni kapacitet">električni kapacitet</a> kondenzatora u električnom strujnom krugu i stvara odgovarajuća <a href="/wiki/Izmjeni%C4%8Dna_elektri%C4%8Dna_struja" class="mw-redirect" title="Izmjenična električna struja">izmjenična struju</a>, odnosno izmjenični pad <a href="/wiki/Napon" class="mw-redirect" title="Napon">napona</a> na <a href="/wiki/Otpornik" title="Otpornik">otporniku</a> vrlo velikoga otpora. Ako se pak kondenzator spaja u krug <a href="/wiki/Oscilator" title="Oscilator">oscilatora</a> dovoljno visoke frekvencije, tada se titranjem membrane mijenja <a href="/wiki/Frekvencija" title="Frekvencija">frekvencija</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscilator_(elektrotehnika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oscilator (elektrotehnika) (stranica ne postoji)">oscilatora</a>, te se nakon frekvencijske demodulacije postiže odgovarajući tonski signal. Kondenzatorski mikrofoni proizvode se u širokom spektru namjena, od relativno jeftinih komercijalnih mikrofona pa sve do profesionalnih mikrofona namijenjenih studijskim snimanjima. Jedini im je nedostatak potreba za posebnim <a href="/wiki/Proizvodnja_elektri%C4%8Dne_energije" title="Proizvodnja električne energije">izvorom napajanja</a>, no taj nedostatak nadoknađuju svojom kvalitetom. Kondenzatorski mikrofoni izvode se i s dvije membrane koje ostvaruju različite usmjerne karakteristike. </p><p>U kondenzatorskom mikrofonu titranjem električki vodljive membrane mijenja se električni kapacitet kondenzatora, a time i izmjenična struja punjenja i pražnjenja kondenzatora, pa ona na radnom otporniku uzrokuje izmjenični pad napona razmjeran (proporcionalan) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elongacija_(razdvojba)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elongacija (razdvojba) (stranica ne postoji)">elongaciji</a> membrane. U kondenzatorskom se mikrofonu uvijek primjenjuje istosmjerni <a href="/wiki/Polarizacija" class="mw-disambig" title="Polarizacija">polarizacijski</a> napon, obično između 12 i 200 <a href="/wiki/Volt" title="Volt">V</a>. <a href="/wiki/Impedancija" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Impedancija">Impedancija</a> je mikrofona kapacitivna i određena je <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_kapacitet" title="Električni kapacitet">električnim kapacitetom</a> (oko 50 <a href="/wiki/Farad" title="Farad">pF</a>). Ako se između elektroda kondenzatorskoga mikrofona stavi unaprijed polarizirani <a href="/wiki/Dielektrik" title="Dielektrik">dielektrik</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elektret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elektret (stranica ne postoji)">elektret</a>, izbjegava se potreba za polarizirajućim naponom, a kapacitet se povećava desetak puta. Time se dobiva elektretski mikrofon, kojemu su svojstva identična svojstvima kondenzatorskoga mikrofona ili bolja od njih.<sup id="cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enciklopedija.hr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kristalni">Kristalni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odjeljak Kristalni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Kristalni"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Piezomikrofon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Piezomikrofon.png/220px-Piezomikrofon.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Piezomikrofon.png/330px-Piezomikrofon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Piezomikrofon.png/440px-Piezomikrofon.png 2x" data-file-width="1679" data-file-height="946" /></a><figcaption>Prikaz rada kristalnog mikrofona.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Vintage_Electro-Voice_Century_Crystal_Microphone,_Model_915,_Push-To-Talk,_Circa_1950_(12823383155).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Vintage_Electro-Voice_Century_Crystal_Microphone%2C_Model_915%2C_Push-To-Talk%2C_Circa_1950_%2812823383155%29.jpg/220px-Vintage_Electro-Voice_Century_Crystal_Microphone%2C_Model_915%2C_Push-To-Talk%2C_Circa_1950_%2812823383155%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Vintage_Electro-Voice_Century_Crystal_Microphone%2C_Model_915%2C_Push-To-Talk%2C_Circa_1950_%2812823383155%29.jpg/330px-Vintage_Electro-Voice_Century_Crystal_Microphone%2C_Model_915%2C_Push-To-Talk%2C_Circa_1950_%2812823383155%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Vintage_Electro-Voice_Century_Crystal_Microphone%2C_Model_915%2C_Push-To-Talk%2C_Circa_1950_%2812823383155%29.jpg/440px-Vintage_Electro-Voice_Century_Crystal_Microphone%2C_Model_915%2C_Push-To-Talk%2C_Circa_1950_%2812823383155%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2290" data-file-height="3251" /></a><figcaption>Kristalni mikrofon.</figcaption></figure> <p>Kristalni ili <a href="/wiki/Piezoelektri%C4%8Dni_efekt" class="mw-redirect" title="Piezoelektrični efekt">piezoelektrični</a> mikrofon koristi svojstva nekih <a href="/wiki/Kristal" title="Kristal">kristala</a> da pod povećanim <a href="/wiki/Tlak" title="Tlak">tlakom</a> stvaraju <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_napon" title="Električni napon">električni napon</a>. Robusni su i jeftini, no relativno visoka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nelinearna_izobli%C4%8Denja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nelinearna izobličenja (stranica ne postoji)">nelinearna izobličenja</a> i karakterističan frekvencijski odziv ograničili su njihovu uporabu samo na neka područja. U kristalnom mikrofonu električni napon nastaje pri savijanju pločica kristala Seignettove soli (<a href="/wiki/Kalij" title="Kalij">kalijev</a> <a href="/wiki/Natrij" title="Natrij">natrijev</a> tartarat feroelektričnih svojstava) ili nekoga sličnoga piezoelektričnog materijala pod utjecajem tlaka zvučnih valova, a elektromotorna je sila proporcionalna elongaciji membrane. Otporan je na vlagu i povišenu temperaturu, a unutarnji otpor ovisi o električnom kapacitetu, koji iznosi 500 do 4 000 <a href="/wiki/Farad" title="Farad">pF</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enciklopedija.hr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Karakteristike">Karakteristike</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odjeljak Karakteristike" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Karakteristike"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Usmjerna_karakteristika">Usmjerna karakteristika</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odjeljak Usmjerna karakteristika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Usmjerna karakteristika"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Usmjerna karakteristika pokazuje osjetljivost mikrofona u ovisnosti od smjera dolaska zvuka gledano u vodoravnoj ravnini. Razne usmjerne karakteristike postižu se različitim mehaničkim izvedbama mikrofona (zaslonima, apsorpcijskim materijalima i tako dalje) te izvedbom mikrofona s dvije, električki spojene membrane. Usmjerna karakteristika može biti: </p> <ul><li>kružna, gdje mikrofon ima jednaku osjetljivost sa svih strana (0 to 360°),</li> <li>kardioidna, gdje je osjetljivost mikrofona s prednje strane nešto veća u odnosu na stražnju,</li> <li>hiperkardioidna, gdje je osjetljivost sa stražnje strane još više umanjena,</li> <li>u obliku "osmice" gdje je osjetljivost mikrofona jednaka s prednje i stražnje strane, ali je umanjena s bočnih strana.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nelinearna_izobličenja"><span id="Nelinearna_izobli.C4.8Denja"></span>Nelinearna izobličenja</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odjeljak Nelinearna izobličenja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Nelinearna izobličenja"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Podatak o visini ukupnih nelinearnih izobličenja (THD, eng. <i>total harmonic distortion</i>) daje se uz podatak o maksimalnom zvučnom tlaku koji je karakterističan za takvo nelinearno izbličenje. Na primjer, podatak: "142 dB SPL ("sound pressure level")  THD < 0,5%" odnosi se na zvučni tlak od 142 <a href="/wiki/Decibel" title="Decibel">dB</a> iznad praga čujnosti pri čemu će ukupna nelinearna izobličenja biti manja od 0,5%. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dinamički_opseg"><span id="Dinami.C4.8Dki_opseg"></span>Dinamički opseg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odjeljak Dinamički opseg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Dinamički opseg"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dinamički opseg mikrofona daje podatak o razlici maksimalnoga zvučnoga tlaka i praga <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0um" class="mw-disambig" title="Šum">šuma</a> te na izvjestan način govori znatno manje o mikrofonu u odnosu na podatak o maksimalnom tlaku za određenu razinu nelinearnih izobličenja i o razini unutarnjeg šuma mikrofona izraženoj u <a href="/wiki/Decibel" title="Decibel">decibelima</a> u odnosu na prag čujnosti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Osjetljivost">Osjetljivost</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odjeljak Osjetljivost" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Osjetljivost"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Microphone_Neumann_M-49_(1940).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Microphone_Neumann_M-49_%281940%29.jpg/220px-Microphone_Neumann_M-49_%281940%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Microphone_Neumann_M-49_%281940%29.jpg/330px-Microphone_Neumann_M-49_%281940%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Microphone_Neumann_M-49_%281940%29.jpg/440px-Microphone_Neumann_M-49_%281940%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="973" data-file-height="1526" /></a><figcaption>Mikrofon Radio Beograda, Neumann M-49 iz <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>. godine</figcaption></figure> <p>Osjetljivost mikrofona govori o izlaznom <a href="/wiki/Napon" class="mw-redirect" title="Napon">naponu</a> mikrofona u odnosu na odgovarajući zvučni tlak ispred mikrofona, a na određenoj udaljenosti ispred mikrofona (1 m). Mikrofon s većom osjetljivosti imat će veći izlazni napon za isti zvučni tlak te će se moći priključiti na pojačalo s manjim pojačanjem. Izražava se u mV/Pa (milivolta/pascalu) pri frekvenciji zvučnog vala od 1 kHz. Nešto stariji način je izražavanje osjetljivosti u dB, a u odnosu na referentnu osjetljivost od 1V/Pa. Osjetljivost mikrofona od -60 dB je u tom smislu veća od osjetljivosti mikrofona od -70 dB. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Impedancija">Impedancija</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odjeljak Impedancija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Impedancija"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dinamički mikrofoni s unutarnjom <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dna_impedancija" class="mw-redirect" title="Električna impedancija">impedancijom</a> manjom od 600 <a href="/wiki/Ohm" class="mw-redirect" title="Ohm">Ohma</a> smatraju se mikrofonima s malom unutarnjom (izlaznom) impedancijom, od 600 do otprilike 10 000 Ohma mikrofonima sa srednjom impedancijom, a mikrofone s impedancijom većom od 10 000 Ohma smatramo mikrofonima s visokom unutarnjom impedancijom. Mikrofoni s niskom izlaznom impedancijom koriste se u uvjetima gdje su spojni vodovi između mikrofona i ulaznog stupnja pojačala relativno vrlo dugi. U tom slučaju koristi se redovito simetrični priključak mikrofona na pojačalo. Mikrofoni s visokom izlaznom impedancijom priključuju se na pojačalo znatno kraćim vodovima (nekoliko metara) i tada se redovito koristi asimetričan priključak mikrofona na <a href="/wiki/Poja%C4%8Dalo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pojačalo">pojačalo</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prijenosni_frekvencijski_opseg">Prijenosni frekvencijski opseg</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odjeljak Prijenosni frekvencijski opseg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Prijenosni frekvencijski opseg"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prijenosni frekvencijski opseg se u kvalitetnijih mikrofona prikazuje grafički, odgovarajućom prijenosnom amplitudnom frekvencijskom karakteristikom u području od 20 <a href="/wiki/Hz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hz">Hz</a> do 20 kHz, a za zvuk koji dolazi s prednje strane mikrofona. Frekvencijski opseg jeftinijih mikrofona može se dati i kao podatak: "30 Hz–16 kHz ±3 dB", gdje proizvođač garantira da amplitudna frekvencijska karakteristika u području od 30 Hz do 16 kHz ne odstupa više od ±3 dB od neke srednje vrijednosti amplitude. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi odjeljak Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=14" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Literatura"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ederhof, Andreas: <i>Das Mikrofonbuch</i>, München: Carstensen, 2006. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/3-910098-28-2" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/3-910098-28-2">3-910098-28-2</a></li> <li>Görne, Thomas: <i>Mikrofone in Theorie und Praxis.</i> Aachen: Elektor, 1994. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/3-928051-76-8" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/3-928051-76-8">3-928051-76-8</a></li> <li>Heil, B.: <i>The Microphone: A Short Ilustrated History</i>, u: QST - NEWINGTON; 90, 6; 50-52</li> <li>Jelaković, Tihomil / Vujnović, Momir: <i>Mikrofoni</i>, Zagreb: Školska knjiga, 1996.</li> <li>Schneider, Martin: <i>Mikrofone</i>, u: Weinzierl, Stefan (izd.): <i>Handbuch der Audiotechnik</i>, Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2008. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-3-540-34300-4" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-3-540-34300-4">978-3-540-34300-4</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Uredi odjeljak Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=15" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41378145">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-enciklopedija.hr-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-2">1,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-3">1,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-enciklopedija.hr_1-4">1,4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><b>mikrofon</b>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=40749">[1]</a> "Hrvatska enciklopedija", Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža, www.enciklopedija.hr, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.akg.com/site/products/powerslave,id,261,pid,261,nodeid,2,_language,EN.html">"AKG D 112 – Large-diaphragm dynamic microphone for bass instruments</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100227035749/http://www.akg.com/site/products/powerslave,id,261,pid,261,nodeid,2,_language,EN.html">Arhivirano</a> 2010-02-27 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a>"</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povezano">Povezano</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Uredi odjeljak Povezano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=16" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povezano"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zvuk" title="Zvuk">Zvuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zvu%C4%8Dnik" title="Zvučnik">Zvučnik</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterni_linkovi">Eksterni linkovi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Uredi odjeljak Eksterni linkovi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&action=edit&section=17" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Eksterni linkovi"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject" style="width: 300px"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Microphones" title="commons:Category:Microphones"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 20px;"><i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Microphones" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Microphones">Microphones</a></b></i> na <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica_-_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" class="extiw" title="commons:Glavna stranica - Главна страница">Wikimedijinoj ostavi</a> </div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/question309.htm">Osnovne informacije o mikrofonima</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arts.ucsc.edu/EMS/Music/tech_background/TE-20/teces_20.html">Osnove mikrofona</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091016023242/http://arts.ucsc.edu/ems/Music/tech_background/TE-20/teces_20.html">Arhivirano</a> 2009-10-16 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-transferfactor.htm">Pretvarač mikrofonske osjetljivosti - dB re 1 V/Pa i prijenosni faktor</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41348688">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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kolo</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ohmov_zakon" title="Ohmov zakon">Omov zakon</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Redna_i_uporedna_kola" title="Redna i uporedna kola">Redna i uporedna kola</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kirchhoffovi_zakoni_elektri%C4%8Dnog_kola" title="Kirchhoffovi zakoni električnog kola">Kirchhoffovi zakoni</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Elektronska_shema" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronska shema">Šematski dijagram</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Simboli_u_elektronici" title="Simboli u elektronici">Simboli</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Hidrauli%C4%8Dka_analogija" title="Hidraulička analogija">Hidraulička analogija</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elektronska_komponenta" title="Elektronska komponenta">Komponente</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Aktivne_komponente" title="Aktivne komponente">Aktivne</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Napajanje" title="Napajanje">Napajanje</a> (<a href="/wiki/Baterija" title="Baterija">baterija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_generator" title="Električni generator">generator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solarna_%C4%87elija" title="Solarna ćelija">solarna ćelija</a>) <b>•</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Dioda" title="Dioda">Dioda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zenerova_dioda" title="Zenerova dioda">Zener</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0otkijeva_dioda" title="Šotkijeva dioda">Šotki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Svetle%C4%87a_dioda" title="Svetleća dioda">LED</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laserska_dioda" title="Laserska dioda">laserska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunelska_dioda" title="Tunelska dioda">tunel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varikap" title="Varikap">varikap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diodni_most" title="Diodni most">diodni most</a>) <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tranzistor" title="Tranzistor">Tranzistor</a> (<a href="/wiki/MOSFET" title="MOSFET">MOSFET</a>, <a href="/wiki/JFET" title="JFET">JFET</a>, <a href="/wiki/MESFET" title="MESFET">MESFET</a>) <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Tiristor" title="Tiristor">Tiristor</a>  <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Integralno_kolo" title="Integralno kolo">Integralno kolo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mikrokontroler" title="Mikrokontroler">mikrokontroler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arduino" title="Arduino">Arduino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operacioni_poja%C4%8Dava%C4%8D" title="Operacioni pojačavač">operacioni pojačavač</a>, <a href="/wiki/Logi%C4%8Dka_kapija" title="Logička kapija">logička kapija</a>) <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Prikazni_ure%C4%91aj" title="Prikazni uređaj">Prikaznik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fluorescentni_indikator" title="Fluorescentni indikator">fluorescentni</a>, <a href="/wiki/LCD" title="LCD">LCD</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=LED_display&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LED display (stranica ne postoji)">LED</a>)</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Pasivne_komponente" title="Pasivne komponente">Pasivne</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Otpornik" title="Otpornik">Otpornik</a> (<a href="/wiki/Potenciometar" title="Potenciometar">potenciometar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varistor" title="Varistor">varistor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Termistor" title="Termistor">termistor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fotootpornik" title="Fotootpornik">fotootpornik</a>) <b>•</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Kondenzator" title="Kondenzator">Kondenzator</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Elektromagnet" title="Elektromagnet">Elektromagnet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Induktor" title="Induktor">induktor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transformator" title="Transformator">transformator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elektromotor_istosmjerne_struje" title="Elektromotor istosmjerne struje">elektromotor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zvu%C4%8Dnik" title="Zvučnik">zvučnik</a>) <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Senzor" title="Senzor">Senzor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Detektor_kretanja" title="Detektor kretanja">kretanja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pretvara%C4%8D_obrta" title="Pretvarač obrta">obrta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akcelerometar" title="Akcelerometar">ubrzanja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laserski_daljinomer" title="Laserski daljinomer">razdaljine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vlagomer" title="Vlagomer">vlage</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Senzor_ki%C5%A1e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senzor kiše (stranica ne postoji)">kiše</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Detektor_gasa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Detektor gasa (stranica ne postoji)">gasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senzor_vla%C5%BEnosti_tla" title="Senzor vlažnosti tla">vlažnosti tla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fotodetektor" title="Fotodetektor">svetlosti</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">zvuka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ultrazvu%C4%8Dni_senzor" title="Ultrazvučni senzor">ultrazvuka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detektor_plamena" title="Detektor plamena">plamena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Termopar" title="Termopar">toplote</a>)</span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/Elektromehanika" title="Elektromehanika">Mehaničke</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Kristalni_oscilator" title="Kristalni oscilator">Kristalni oscilator</a> <b>•</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Konektor" title="Konektor">Konektor</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Elektri%C4%8Dni_vod" title="Električni vod">Vod</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C5%BDica" title="Žica">žica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kabl" title="Kabl">kabl</a>) <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Prekida%C4%8D" title="Prekidač">Prekidač</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tipka" title="Tipka">tipka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Relej" title="Relej">relej</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bimetal" title="Bimetal">bimetal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikroprekida%C4%8D" title="Mikroprekidač">mikroprekidač</a>) <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Osigura%C4%8D" title="Osigurač">Osigurač</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0tampana_plo%C4%8Da" title="Štampana ploča">Štampana ploča</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Alati_u_elektronici" title="Kategorija:Alati u elektronici">Alati i oprema</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Voltmetar" title="Voltmetar">Voltmetar</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ampermetar" title="Ampermetar">Ampermetar</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Multimetar" title="Multimetar">Multimetar</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Osciloskop" title="Osciloskop">Osciloskop</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Lemilica" title="Lemilica">Lemilica</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Pinceta" title="Pinceta">Pinceta</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Klije%C5%A1ta" title="Kliješta">Kliješta</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Odvija%C4%8D" title="Odvijač">Odvijač</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Ispravlja%C4%8D" title="Ispravljač">Ispravljač</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Prototipska_plo%C4%8Da" title="Prototipska ploča">Prototipska ploča</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hot-melt_adhesive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hot-melt adhesive (stranica ne postoji)">Topli lepak</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Lupa" title="Lupa">Lupa</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tre%C4%87a_ruka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treća ruka (stranica ne postoji)">Treća ruka</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Bu%C5%A1ilica" title="Bušilica">Bušilica</a> <b>•</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stega (stranica ne postoji)">Stega</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Elektronika" title="Kategorija:Elektronika">Kategorija</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r41348688"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hardver" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r41556979"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r41556873"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-prikaži"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Hardware&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šablon:Hardware (stranica ne postoji)"><abbr title="Pogledajte šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">p</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-razgovor"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor_o_%C5%A1ablonu:Hardware&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razgovor o šablonu:Hardware (stranica ne postoji)"><abbr title="Razgovarajte o šablonu" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Hardware&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredite šablon" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hardver" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hardver" title="Hardver">Hardver</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unutrašnji <a href="/wiki/Hardver" title="Hardver">dijelovi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Osnovni dijelovi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mati%C4%8Dna_plo%C4%8Da" title="Matična ploča">matična ploča</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procesor" title="Procesor">procesor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAM_(memorija)" class="mw-redirect" title="RAM (memorija)">RAM memorija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafi%C4%8Dka_kartica" title="Grafička kartica">grafička kartica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zvu%C4%8Dna_kartica" title="Zvučna kartica">zvučna kartica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modem" title="Modem">modem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mre%C5%BEna_kartica" title="Mrežna kartica">mrežna kartica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napajanje_ra%C4%8Dunara" title="Napajanje računara">napajanje</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uređaji za pohranjivanje podataka:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tvrdi_disk" title="Tvrdi disk">hard disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD_ure%C4%91aj" title="DVD uređaj">DVD čitač/pisač</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD_ure%C4%91aj" title="CD uređaj">CD čitač/pisač</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flopi_disk" title="Flopi disk">flopi disk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zip_ure%C4%91aj" title="Zip uređaj">zip uređaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB_flash_stick" class="mw-redirect" title="USB flash stick">USB flash stick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ulazno/Izlazni_ure%C4%91aji" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulazno/Izlazni uređaji">Ulazno/Izlazni uređaji</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ulazni uređaji</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mi%C5%A1_(hardver)" class="mw-redirect" title="Miš (hardver)">miš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tastatura" title="Tastatura">tastatura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skener" title="Skener">skener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_kamera" title="Web kamera">web kamera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamepad" title="Gamepad">gamepad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEojstik" title="Džojstik">džojstik</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">mikrofon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Izlazni uređaji</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monitor" class="mw-redirect" title="Monitor">monitor</a> (<a href="/wiki/CRT_monitor" class="mw-redirect" title="CRT monitor">CRT</a>/<a href="/wiki/LCD_monitor" class="mw-redirect" title="LCD monitor">LCD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printer" title="Printer">Printer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Laserski_printer" title="Laserski printer">laserski</a>/<a href="/wiki/Tintni_printer" title="Tintni printer">tintni</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploter" title="Ploter">ploter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Projektor" class="mw-disambig" title="Projektor">projektor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kompjuterski_zvu%C4%8Dnici" title="Kompjuterski zvučnici">zvučnici</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr">Izvor: <a dir="ltr" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&oldid=42171809">https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mikrofon&oldid=42171809</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" 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