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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Indian_citizens_and_National_Register_of_Citizen's" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indian_citizens_and_National_Register_of_Citizen's"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Indian citizens and National Register of Citizen's</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indian_citizens_and_National_Register_of_Citizen's-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreigners" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreigners"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Foreigners</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreigners-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Illegal_migrants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illegal_migrants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Illegal migrants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illegal_migrants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_refugees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_refugees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Legal refugees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_refugees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Afghanistan_immigrants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Afghanistan_immigrants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Afghanistan immigrants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Afghanistan_immigrants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bangladeshi_immigrants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bangladeshi_immigrants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Bangladeshi immigrants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bangladeshi_immigrants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burmese_immigrants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burmese_immigrants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Burmese immigrants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burmese_immigrants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakistani_immigrants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistani_immigrants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Pakistani immigrants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistani_immigrants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rohingyas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rohingyas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Rohingyas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rohingyas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concerns_over_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concerns_over_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Concerns over Bangladeshi illegal immigrants</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Concerns_over_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Concerns over Bangladeshi illegal immigrants subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Concerns_over_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Higher_judiciary's_concerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_judiciary's_concerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Higher judiciary's concerns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_judiciary's_concerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_security_threats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_security_threats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>National security threats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_security_threats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State-specific_concerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State-specific_concerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>State-specific concerns</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-State-specific_concerns-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle State-specific concerns subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-State-specific_concerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Assam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Assam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Delhi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Delhi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Delhi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Delhi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Haryana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Haryana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Haryana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Haryana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jammu_and_Kashmir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jammu_and_Kashmir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Jammu and Kashmir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jammu_and_Kashmir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kerala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kerala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Kerala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kerala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mizoram" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mizoram"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Mizoram</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mizoram-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tripura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tripura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Tripura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tripura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uttar_Pradesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uttar_Pradesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Uttar Pradesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uttar_Pradesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-West_Bengal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#West_Bengal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>West Bengal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-West_Bengal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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Available in 5 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-5" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">5 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%A7_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8" title="ভারতে অবৈধ অভিবাসন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভারতে অবৈধ অভিবাসন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="مهاجرت غیرقانونی به هند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهاجرت غیرقانونی به هند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A7_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="भारत में अवैध आप्रवास – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="भारत में अवैध आप्रवास" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A4_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC_(%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD)" title="അനധികൃത കുടിയേറ്റക്കാർ (ഇന്ത്യയിൽ) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അനധികൃത കുടിയേറ്റക്കാർ (ഇന്ത്യയിൽ)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="இந்தியாவில் கள்ளக் குடியேறிகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இந்தியாவில் கள்ளக் குடியேறிகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5998987#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_India" title="View the content page [c]" 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.ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Illegal_immigration_to_India" title="Special:EditPage/Illegal immigration to India">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Illegal+immigration+to+India%22">"Illegal immigration to India"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Illegal+immigration+to+India%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Illegal+immigration+to+India%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Illegal+immigration+to+India%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Illegal+immigration+to+India%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Illegal+immigration+to+India%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p> An <b>illegal immigrant in India</b> is a foreigner who has entered <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> either without valid documents or who initially had a valid document, but has overstayed beyond the permitted time, as per the general provisions of the <a href="/wiki/Citizenship_(Amendment)_Act,_2003" title="Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2003">Citizenship Act as amended in 2003</a>. Such persons are not eligible for citizenship by <a href="/wiki/Indian_nationality_law#Granting_of_citizenship" title="Indian nationality law">registration or naturalisation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are also liable to be imprisoned for 2–8 years and fined.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An exception was made in 2015 for minority communities of <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> who were compelled to seek shelter in India due to <a href="/wiki/Religious_persecution" title="Religious persecution">religious persecution</a> or fear of religious persecution. They are not classified as illegal migrants and remain eligible for citizenship.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Indian Census of 2001 gives information about migrants, but not exclusively illegal immigrants. As per the 2001 Census, <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi people">Bangladeshis</a> form the largest group of migrants in India, followed by <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistanis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-censusindia.gov.in_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-censusindia.gov.in-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_framework">Legal framework</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Legal framework"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indian_citizens_and_National_Register_of_Citizen's"><span id="Indian_citizens_and_National_Register_of_Citizen.27s"></span>Indian citizens and National Register of Citizen's</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Indian citizens and National Register of Citizen's"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Indian_nationality_law" title="Indian nationality law">Indian nationality law</a> is governed by the Citizenship Act, 1955 (Articles 5 to 11 (Part II) of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitution of India</a>), which has been amended by the Citizenship (Amendment) Acts of 1986, 1992, 2003, 2005, 2015 and 2019. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Citizens_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="National Register of Citizens of India">National Register of Citizens of India</a> (NRC) is a register envisaged by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> containing names and certain relevant information for identification of <a href="/wiki/Indian_people" title="Indian people">Indian</a> citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The register was first prepared based on the <a href="/wiki/1951_Census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="1951 Census of India">1951 Census of India</a>, but it was not maintained afterwards. The exercise to update it for the state of <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> was carried out recently via an order of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a> in the year 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Government of India has announced its intention to recreate an NRC for the whole of India, but it is not yet been operationalised <sup id="cite_ref-illegalbang2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-illegalbang2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-banglacatch1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-banglacatch1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (November 2023)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Meanwhile, there have been demands from some border states, such as <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a>, to create an NRC for their states.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreigners">Foreigners</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Foreigners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Persons in India without either a valid Indian citizenship or a visa are considered by the central government as illegal and unlawful immigrants. Illegal immigrants are subject to <a href="/wiki/The_Foreigners_Act,_1946" title="The Foreigners Act, 1946">The Foreigners Act, 1946</a> which defines a foreigner as a person who is not a citizen of India.<sup id="cite_ref-please_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-please-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Foreigners (Amendment) Order, 2015 persons belonging to minority communities in Bangladesh and Pakistan, namely, Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis and Christians who were compelled to seek shelter in India due to religious persecution or fear of religious persecution and entered into India on or before 31 December 2014 with or without valid documents including passport or other travel document are granted exemption from the application of provisions of the Foreigners Act, 1946.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Where the nationality of a person is not evident, the <a href="https://wiki.c2.com/?onus" class="extiw" title="wikiwikiweb:onus">onus</a> of proving whether a person is a foreigner or not shall lie upon such person.<sup id="cite_ref-please_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-please-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, anyone who believes that a foreigner has entered India, or the owners and managers of the property where such a foreigner resides illegally in India must inform the nearest police station within 24 hours of their presence becoming known.<sup id="cite_ref-please_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-please-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Foreigners Act empowers the Indian administration to <a href="/wiki/Detain" class="mw-redirect" title="Detain">detain</a> a person until they are deported back to their country.<sup id="cite_ref-foreigner2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-foreigner2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Illegal_migrants">Illegal migrants</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Illegal migrants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Preventing the entry of illegal migrants into India is important as they impose pressure on citizens and pose a security threat, especially in sensitive areas such as <a href="/wiki/Jammu" title="Jammu">Jammu</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-threat1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, the Indian security establishments said that "Some <a href="/wiki/Rohingya_people" title="Rohingya people">Rohingyas</a> sympathizing with many militant group's ideologies may be active in Jammu, Delhi, Hyderabad, and Mewat and can be a potential threat to <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Strategy_(India)" title="National Security Strategy (India)">internal security</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-threat2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Indian law, illegal immigrants are not refugees. Since India is not a <a href="/wiki/Signature" title="Signature">signatory</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Convention_Relating_to_the_Status_of_Refugees" title="Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees">1951 Refugee Convention</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-LegalMigrantsOnly1_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LegalMigrantsOnly1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the United Nations principle of <a href="/wiki/Non-refoulement" title="Non-refoulement">non-refoulement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Impediment_to_expulsion" title="Impediment to expulsion">impediment to expulsion</a> does not apply in India. Illegal immigrants are denied impediment to expulsion if they do not fall within the host country's legal definition of a lawful refugee.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration" title="Illegal immigration">Illegal immigrants</a> are people who migrate to a country in violation of the <a href="/wiki/Immigration_law" title="Immigration law">immigration laws</a> of that country, or the continued residence of people without the legal right to live in that country. Illegal immigration tends to be financially upward, from poorer to richer countries.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2005, the <a href="/wiki/Illegal_Migrants_(Determination_by_Tribunal)_Act,_1983" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunal) Act, 1983">Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunal) Act, 1983</a> was rejected by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a> which held that the act "has created the biggest hurdle and is the main impediment or barrier in the identification and deportation of illegal migrants."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 9 August 2012, during a Supreme Court hearing about a <a href="/wiki/Public_interest_litigation_in_India" title="Public interest litigation in India">public interest litigation</a> petition for deportation of illegal migrants, it was told that the policy of the government of India does not support any kind of illegal migration either into its territory or illegal immigration of its citizens and the government is committed to deporting illegal Bangladeshi migrants, but only lawfully.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Legal_refugees">Legal refugees</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legal refugees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Two-nation_theory_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-nation theory (Pakistan)">Two-nation theory (Pakistan)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1971_Bangladesh_genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 Bangladesh genocide">1971 Bangladesh genocide</a></div><p>The government of India has recognised immigrants from <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_people" title="Tibetan people">Tibet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Tamils" title="Sri Lankan Tamils">Sri Lanka</a> as refugees in the past, providing free education and some identification to the former.<sup id="cite_ref-LegalMigrantsOnly1_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LegalMigrantsOnly1-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Citizenship_(Amendment)_Act,_2019" title="Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019">Citizenship Amendment Act 2019</a> amended the <a href="/wiki/Citizenship_Act,_1955" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizenship Act, 1955">Citizenship Act, 1955</a> to allow migrants from minority communities like <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jain" class="mw-redirect" title="Jain">Jain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Parsi">Parsi</a> who fled religious persecution from <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> to be eligible for <a href="/wiki/Indian_citizenship" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian citizenship">Indian citizenship</a> provided they came into the country on or before 31 December 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> excluding people from the <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> community (the majority community of those nations).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Afghanistan_immigrants">Afghanistan immigrants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Afghanistan immigrants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>By 2009, India had over 13,000 illegal <a href="/wiki/Afghans_in_India" title="Afghans in India">immigrants from Afghanistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hindustan_Times_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hindustan_Times-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a report by the Afghan embassy in Delhi, refugees from Afghanistan, estimated at around 30,000 families, have, over the past two and a half decades, fled from their home towns due to large-scale conflicts, seeking safety in India's capital city. Many outsiders call Delhi home, but the Afghan people claim a special relationship with India and its capital, due to the ancient and modern history between both nations. There are nearly 11,000 Afghan refugees registered with the UNHCR in India, mainly living in Delhi and bordering areas. The refugees in Delhi face considerable hardships and difficulties.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bangladeshi_immigrants">Bangladeshi immigrants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bangladeshi immigrants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-POV plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-POV" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a> of this article is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NPOV_dispute" title="Wikipedia:NPOV dispute">disputed</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Relevant discussion may be found on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Illegal_immigration_to_India##" title="Talk:Illegal immigration to India">talk page</a>. Please do not remove this message until <a href="/wiki/Template:POV#When_to_remove" title="Template:POV">conditions to do so are met</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 2004, a <a href="/wiki/Rule_of_thumb" title="Rule of thumb">rule of thumb</a> was that for each illegal immigrant caught, four illegally entered the country.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While many immigrants have settled in the border areas, some have moved on to places such as <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the UPA government, <a href="/wiki/Sriprakash_Jaiswal" title="Sriprakash Jaiswal">Sriprakash Jaiswal</a>, Union Minister of State for Home Affairs, made a statement in Parliament on 14 July 2004, saying that "12 million illegal Bangladeshi infiltrators were living in India", and West Bengal had the most with 5.7 million Bangladeshis. This led to protests from state government of Assam, ruled by Congress, and consequent retraction of this statement, saying that the numbers are unreliable. More recently, <a href="/wiki/Kiren_Rijiju" title="Kiren Rijiju">Kiren Rijiju</a>, Minister of State for Home Affairs in the NDA government has put the figure at around 20 million.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the 2001 census, 3,084,826 people in India came from Bangladesh.<sup id="cite_ref-censusindia.gov.in_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-censusindia.gov.in-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No reliable numbers on illegal immigrants are currently available. Extrapolating the census data for the state of <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> alone gives a figure of 2 million.<sup id="cite_ref-voi.org_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voi.org-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-satp.org_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-satp.org-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Figures as high as 20 million are also reported in the government and media.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Samir Guha Roy of the Indian Statistical Institute called these estimates "motivated exaggerated". After examining the population growth and demographic statistics, Roy states that while a vast majority are illegal immigrants, significant amounts of internal migration is sometimes falsely thought to be immigrants. An analysis of the numbers by Roy revealed that on average around 91000 Bangladeshis illegally crossed over to India every year during the years 1981–1991.<sup id="cite_ref-facingglobal_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-facingglobal-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a> and continued political and economic turmoil in Bangladesh in the following decades forced some Bangladeshis to seek refuge in India. During the war, at least 10 million Bangladeshis (80% of whom were <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindus" title="Bengali Hindus">Hindus</a>) have crossed into India illegally to seek refuge from widespread <a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War">rape</a> and <a href="/wiki/1971_Bangladesh_Genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="1971 Bangladesh Genocide">genocide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ibtimes_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ibtimes-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of them migrated to the border states, particularly <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-satp.org_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-satp.org-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to persecution, illegal migrants have been defined in Assam Accord as those who infiltrated illegally after 24 December 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-satp.org_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-satp.org-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Burmese_immigrants">Burmese immigrants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Burmese immigrants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are an estimated 50,000–100,000 <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burmese</a> <a href="/wiki/Chin_people" title="Chin people">Chin</a> illegal immigrants are stated to be residing in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, mostly in the Indian state of <a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a> and a small number in <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pakistani_immigrants">Pakistani immigrants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Pakistani immigrants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>About 7,600 illegal immigrants from <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> resided in India in 2010. Many of the migrants are Hindus and Sikhs, who have overstayed, attempting to gain citizenship.<sup id="cite_ref-Hindustan_Times_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hindustan_Times-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rohingyas">Rohingyas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Rohingyas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Salimullah_v._Union_of_India" title="Mohammad Salimullah v. Union of India">Mohammad Salimullah v. Union of India</a></div> <p>In recent years, <a href="/wiki/Rohingya_people" title="Rohingya people">Rohingya people</a> have been increasingly seeking refuge in India, facing longstanding state-persecution in Myanmar.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the Union Government, there were 10565 Rohingya families in India as of 2015; Samaddar et al. extrapolated to arrive at a figure of over a million immigrants.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a> led Union Government asked state governments to initiate the process of deportation for all illegal immigrants including Rohingyas.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government did not buckle despite criticism.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was challenged before the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a> by three Rohingya refugees, wherein the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> submitted an affidavit claiming that there were over 40,000 "illegal [Rohingya] immigrants", mostly spread across Assam, West Bengal and <a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(union_territory)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)">Jammu and Kashmir</a> and that they were a threat to the security of state.<sup id="cite_ref-threat2_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2021, several media reports claimed that about 150 Rohingya refugees from Jammu were held in detention centers. an interim application was filed seeking their release though the government denied any detainment.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A bench of <a href="/wiki/Sharad_Arvind_Bobde" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharad Arvind Bobde">Sharad Bobde</a>, <a href="/wiki/A._S._Bopanna" title="A. S. Bopanna">A. S. Bopanna</a> and <a href="/wiki/V._Ramasubramanian" title="V. Ramasubramanian">V. Ramasubramanian</a> passed an interim order in favor of the government; government-arguments about India being not bound to follow international conventions, she has not explicitly ratified and Art. 14 and Art. 21 not conferring any immunity to non-citizens from deportation (as mandated by procedure) were accepted.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_48-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concerns_over_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants">Concerns over Bangladeshi illegal immigrants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Concerns over Bangladeshi illegal immigrants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Higher_judiciary's_concerns"><span id="Higher_judiciary.27s_concerns"></span>Higher judiciary's concerns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Higher judiciary's concerns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, a Supreme Court bench ruled <a href="/wiki/Illegal_Migrants_(Determination_by_Tribunal)_Act_(IMDT)" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunal) Act (IMDT)">Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunal) Act (IMDT)</a> as unconstitutional while,<sup id="cite_ref-SupremeCourt_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SupremeCourt-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with reference to <a href="/wiki/Greater_Bangladesh#The_Sinha_Report" title="Greater Bangladesh">the Sinha Report</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> maintained that the impact of the <i>"</i>aggression<i>"</i> represented by large-scale illegal migration from Bangladesh had made the life of the people of Assam and Tripura "wholly insecure and the panic generated thereby had created fear psychosis" in other north-eastern States.<sup id="cite_ref-SupremeCourt_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SupremeCourt-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2008, the <a href="/wiki/Delhi_High_Court" title="Delhi High Court">Delhi High Court</a> dismissed a petition by a Bangladeshi national against her deportation. The High Court ruled that the illegal Bangladeshi immigrants "pose a danger to India's internal security".<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_security_threats">National security threats</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: National security threats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/National_security#India" title="National security">National security risks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism in India</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Strategy_(India)" title="National Security Strategy (India)">National Security Strategy (India)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kha_Maung_Seik_massacre" title="Kha Maung Seik massacre">Kha Maung Seik massacre of Hindus</a></div> <p>Apart from immigrants, a large number of <a href="/wiki/Smugglers" class="mw-redirect" title="Smugglers">smugglers</a> regularly <a href="/wiki/Illegal_entry" title="Illegal entry">cross</a> the porous border along West Bengal into India.<sup id="cite_ref-World_bank_report_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_bank_report-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They mainly engage in smuggling goods and <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a> from India into Bangladesh to avoid a high tariff imposed on some Indian goods by Bangladesh government.<sup id="cite_ref-World_bank_report_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_bank_report-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bangladeshi women and girls are also trafficked to India.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_Factbook_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_Factbook-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Centre for Women and Children Studies estimated in 1998 that 27,000 Bangladeshis have been forced into prostitution in India.<sup id="cite_ref-threat3_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat3-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-threat4_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat4-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/CEDAW" class="mw-redirect" title="CEDAW">CEDAW</a> report, 1% of all foreign prostitutes in India and 2.7% of prostitutes in <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a> are from <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-threat6_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat6-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rohingya adds economic pressure on Indian populace; due to their militant activities, they pose a security threat, especially in sensitive areas such as Jammu and West Bengal.<sup id="cite_ref-threat1_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-threat2_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017,the Central Government filed an affidavit in the Supreme Court stating that "Some Rohingyas sympathizing with many militant group's ideologies may be active in Jammu, Delhi, Hyderabad, and Mewat and can be a potential threat to internal security."<sup id="cite_ref-threat2_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="State-specific_concerns">State-specific concerns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: State-specific concerns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ABVP_addressing_about_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/ABVP_addressing_about_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants.jpg/220px-ABVP_addressing_about_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/ABVP_addressing_about_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants.jpg/330px-ABVP_addressing_about_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/ABVP_addressing_about_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants.jpg/440px-ABVP_addressing_about_Bangladeshi_illegal_immigrants.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Akhil_Bharatiya_Vidyarthi_Parishad" title="Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad">ABVP</a> addressing about Bangladeshi illegal immigrants</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assam">Assam</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Assam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Assam_Movement" title="Assam Movement">Assam Movement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Assam_Accord" title="Assam Accord">Assam Accord</a></div> <p>In Assam, the <a href="/wiki/Assam_Movement" title="Assam Movement">Assam Movement</a> against illegal immigrants started as early as 1979 and ended in 1985, led by the <a href="/wiki/All_Assam_Students_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="All Assam Students Union">All Assam Students Union</a>. Over six years, 855 (later on 860 as submitted by AASU) people sacrificed their lives in the hope of an "Infiltration Free Assam".<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They demanded an end to the influx of immigrants and deportation of those who have already settled.<sup id="cite_ref-satp.org_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-satp.org-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It gradually took a violent turn and ethnic violence began between Assamese and Bengalis, mostly Muslims. It eventually led to the infamous <a href="/wiki/Nellie_massacre" title="Nellie massacre">Nellie massacre</a> in 1983 due to a controversy over the 1983 election.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1985, the Indian Government signed the <a href="/wiki/Assam_accord" class="mw-redirect" title="Assam accord">Assam Accord</a> with the leaders of the protest to stop the issue.<sup id="cite_ref-satp.org_34-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-satp.org-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As per the accord, India began building a fence along the Assam-Bangladesh border which is now almost complete.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Assam also has a large number of legal Indian Muslims. It is difficult to distinguish between illegal Bangladeshis and local <a href="/wiki/Bengali_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali people">Bengali</a> speakers.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cases, genuine Indian citizens have been discriminated against.<sup id="cite_ref-satp.org_34-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-satp.org-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allegations exist that <a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">nationalist</a> parties such as the <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a> have discriminated against Bengali-speaking Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, reports of Bangladeshis being able to secure Indian ration and voter identity cards have come out.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the 1991 census, the changing demographic patterns in border districts became more visible.<sup id="cite_ref-voi.org_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voi.org-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-satp.org_34-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-satp.org-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It created anxiety and tension in India throughout the nineties. Both conservatives,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as moderates,<sup id="cite_ref-voi.org_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-voi.org-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> expressed concern on this issue. The first BJP government came into power in 1998 and subsequently ordered the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Bangladeshi_barrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Bangladeshi barrier">Indo-Bangladesh barrier</a> to stop migrants and illegal trade along the border. It was planned to enhance the already existing barrier in Assam and to encircle West Bengal, <a href="/wiki/Tripura" title="Tripura">Tripura</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a> as well.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Delhi">Delhi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Delhi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There was an organised influx of nearly 40,000 illegal Bangladeshi and Rohingya Muslim immigrants in Delhi who have been said to pose a <a href="/wiki/National_security#India" title="National security">national security risk</a> and threaten the national integration. A lawyer named <a href="/wiki/Ashwini_Upadhyay" title="Ashwini Upadhyay">Ashwini Upadhyay</a> filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the "Supreme Court of India" (SC) to identify and deport these. In a response to this PIL, <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Police" title="Delhi Police">Delhi Police</a> told the SC in July 2019 that nearly 500 illegal Bangladeshi immigrants had been deported in the preceding 28 months.<sup id="cite_ref-illegalbang3_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-illegalbang3-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Haryana">Haryana</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Haryana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Illegal_immigrants_in_Haryana"></span><span class="anchor" id="Illegal_Rohingya_immigrant_in_Haryana"></span><span class="anchor" id="Illegal_Bangladeshi_immigrant_in_Haryana"></span><span class="anchor" id="NRC_in_Haryana"></span> </p><p>In September 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Haryana">Chief Minister of Haryana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manohar_Lal_Khattar" title="Manohar Lal Khattar">Manohar Lal Khattar</a> announced the implementation of NRC for Haryana by setting up a legal framework under the former judge of the Punjab and Haryana High Court, Justice HS Bhalla for updating NRC which will help in "weeding out" these illegal immigrants.<sup id="cite_ref-illegalbang2_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-illegalbang2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jammu_and_Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Jammu and Kashmir"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are Rohingya illegal immigrants in <a href="/wiki/Jammu" title="Jammu">Jammu</a>, which has created a dissatisfaction among the general public that Rohingya Muslim settlements in Jammu will change the demographics of the Hindu majority and may lead to violence in the future by giving reference to the <a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Kashmiri_Hindus" title="Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus">exodus of Kashmiri Hindus</a> by Kashmiri Muslims earlier. The presence of Rohingya Muslims in Jammu is thus considered as a sensitive issue for Indian security.<sup id="cite_ref-threat2_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threat2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kerala">Kerala</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Kerala"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although Kerala is at a large distance from Bangladesh (~2500 km), Bangladeshi illegal migrants have been moving to <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> due to the high wages for unskilled and semi-skilled labourers. Following the Kerala Police unearthing, the international footprint of this operation, both the Intelligence Bureau and <a href="/wiki/National_Investigation_Agency" title="National Investigation Agency">National Investigation Agency</a> (NIA) have started probing. Some illegal migrants are fully equipped with all valid Indian documents by the time they reach their destinations. The Kerala police are reportedly finding it difficult to check the influx of these Bangladeshi migrants.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kerala State Intelligence officials said they found that a large section of migrant labourers claiming to be from West Bengal or even Assam were actually from Bangladesh.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anti-national activities have been reported; the latest in which in August 2016, a native of West Bengal was arrested for insulting the national flag and he was later found to be an illegal immigrant from Bangladesh. There is said to be a major racket at the borders of West Bengal and Assam with Bangladesh which provides illegal migrants with identity cards.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mizoram">Mizoram</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Mizoram"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi">Bangladeshi</a> <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a> <a href="/wiki/Chakma_people" title="Chakma people">Chakma</a> immigrants<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from Bangladesh have settled in the southern part of <a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a> because they were displaced by the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Kaptai_dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaptai dam">Kaptai Dam</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Karnaphuli_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Karnaphuli River">Karnaphuli River</a> in 1962, the dam flooded 655 square kilometres and displaced over 100,000 people, most of them were Chakma people.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As there was no rehabilitation and compensation, they fled from Bangladesh to <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chakma people also resisted inclusion into Bangladesh during the Bangladeshi Independence in 1971 through armed struggle led by <a href="/wiki/Shanti_Bahini" title="Shanti Bahini">Shanti Bahini</a> because they were ethnically, culturally and religiously distinct, this violent confrontation between <a href="/wiki/Shanti_Bahini" title="Shanti Bahini">Shanti Bahini</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi Army">Bangladeshi Army</a> led to Chakma fleeing Bangladesh for India.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tripura">Tripura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Tripura"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tripura demographics have been altered due to the influx of illegal Bangladeshi refugees and immigrants alike. The politics and socio-economic conditions have been greatly affected by it. The influx started from the 70s after the Liberation of Bangladesh 1971. The proportion of the local <a href="/wiki/Tripuri_people" title="Tripuri people">Tripuri</a> population was reduced from 59.1% in 1951 to 31.1% in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All major political parties in Tripura favour the replication of <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Citizens_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="National Register of Citizens of India">National Register of Citizens of India</a> (NRC) in their state too, although with some riders.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uttar_Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Uttar Pradesh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2019, UP's <a href="/wiki/Director_general_of_police" title="Director general of police">Director general of police</a> who cited "very important" concerns for the state's internal security, instructed all district police chiefs, IG, DIG range and ADG zone to commence a statewide campaign to start Identifying illegal Bangladeshi and foreigners. UP DGP Headquarters has prepared for an <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Citizens_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="National Register of Citizens of India">NRC for UP</a> requires identification of new settlements around the railway stations, bus stands, roadsides and slum clusters where Bangladeshi and other foreign nationals could be illegally residing. They will be fingerprinted, and their identity verification will be video recorded, and suspicious people will be verified in a time-bound manner. Police will also track down government employees and touts who prepared fake documents for these illegal migrants.<sup id="cite_ref-banglacatch1_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-banglacatch1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Illegal Bangladeshi and Rohingyas are found in several cities of Uttar Pradesh (UP) by changing their identity and name, making it difficult to get an idea of their background. A large number of illegal Bangladeshis resided under a fake identity in <a href="/wiki/Ashrams" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashrams">ashrams</a> and rented houses in <a href="/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura">Mathura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Govardhan" title="Govardhan">Govardhan</a> and other places for several years without a passport or other valid documents. They illegally crossed the border into India, acquire the fake identity, open bank accounts and used to send money from relatives back in their country. In October 2019, cops held 150 illegal Bangladeshi intruders who admitted to having come from Bangladesh by the river. All of them had acquired an <a href="/wiki/AADHAR" class="mw-redirect" title="AADHAR">Aadhar</a> card, bank passbook, <a href="/wiki/Ration_card" class="mw-redirect" title="Ration card">ration card</a> and voter ID cards from India. They pose significant security and terrorism, law and order risk, due to religious activities in the Mathura area. They prefer Mathura as it is easier to hide among the transient pilgrims, and also because Mathura is on the border of Delhi, Haryana and Rajasthan where they can easily escape.<sup id="cite_ref-illegalbang1_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-illegalbang1-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="West_Bengal">West Bengal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: West Bengal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The other Indian state affected by this problem, West Bengal, remained mostly calm during this period. However Indian newspapers reported that "the state government has reported that illegal Bangladeshi migrants have trickled into parts of rural Bengal, including <a href="/wiki/Nandigram" title="Nandigram">Nandigram</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-financialexpress.com_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-financialexpress.com-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> over the years, and settled down as sharecroppers with the help of local Left leaders. Though a majority of these immigrants became tillers, they lacked documents to prove the ownership of land.<sup id="cite_ref-financialexpress.com_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-financialexpress.com-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Government of Bangladesh has denied India's claims on illegal immigration.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the 2001 census, the anxiety somewhat reduced when the growth rates were found to have returned to near-normal levels, particularly in West Bengal, thus negating the fear that there was an unabated influx of migrants,<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although some concern remains. </p><p>The proportion of Muslims in West Bengal has grown from 19.85% in 1951 to 27.01% in 2011. That, of course, does not have any reflection on immigration, it is generally attributed to a higher growth rate amongst the Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, when one has a closer look at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Community_development_blocks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Community development blocks (page does not exist)">CD Blocks</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh-India_border" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh-India border">India-Bangladesh border</a> questions come up. The exceedingly high decadal population growth rate in certain CD Blocks, such as in <a href="/wiki/Basirhat_subdivision" title="Basirhat subdivision">Basirhat subdivision</a> in North 24 Parganas district and CD Blocks along with the riverine international border in Murshidabad district does raise concerns. </p><p>The decadal growth rate of the population for West Bengal in 2001–11 was 13.93%.<sup id="cite_ref-Decadal_Growth_Rate_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Decadal_Growth_Rate-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decadal growth of population in Basirhat I CD Block in 2001–2011 was 16.16%.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decadal growth of population in Basirhat I CD Block in 1991–2001 was 20.94%.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decadal growth of population in Hasnabad CD Block in 2001–2011 was 14.50%.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decadal growth of the population in Hasnabad CD Block in 1991–2001 was 17.47%.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decadal growth rate of population in neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Satkhira_District" title="Satkhira District">Satkhira District</a> in Bangladesh was 6.50% for the decade 2001–2011, down from 16.75% in the decade 1991–2001 and 17.90% in the decade 1981–1991.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The decadal growth rates, for the decade 2001–2011, were still higher in the border areas of Murshidabad district. In <a href="/wiki/Raghunathganj_II" title="Raghunathganj II">Raghunathganj II</a> CD Block it was 37.82%, the highest amongst all the CD Blocks in the Murshidabad district, 34.09% in <a href="/wiki/Samserganj_(community_development_block)" title="Samserganj (community development block)">Samserganj</a> CD Block, 30.82 in <a href="/wiki/Suti_II" title="Suti II">Suti II</a> CD Block, 29.02% in <a href="/wiki/Suti_I" title="Suti I">Suti I</a> CD Block, 23.62% in <a href="/wiki/Lalgola_(community_development_block)" title="Lalgola (community development block)">Lalgola</a> CD Block, 22.24% In <a href="/wiki/Bhagawangola_II" title="Bhagawangola II">Bhagawangola II</a> CD Block and 21.65% in <a href="/wiki/Bhagawangola_I" title="Bhagawangola I">Bhagawangola I</a> CD Block.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decadal growth rate of population in <a href="/wiki/Chapai_Nawabganj_District" title="Chapai Nawabganj District">Chapai Nawabganj District</a> was 15.59% for the decade 2001–2011, down from 21.67% in the decade 1991–2001.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decadal growth rate of the population in the <a href="/wiki/Rajshahi_District" title="Rajshahi District">Rajshahi District</a> was 13.48% for the decade 2001–2011, down from 21.19% in the decade 1991–2001. Both districts are across the Ganges, in Bangladesh.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In both, the above cases the comparisons are between Bengali-speaking Muslim-majority areas, and hence the argument of higher growth rate amongst Muslims does not hold good. There are also other similar examples. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_India" title="Immigration to India">Immigration to India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_in_India" title="Refugees in India">Refugees in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detention_centres_in_Assam" title="Detention centres in Assam">Detention centres in Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizenship_(Amendment)_Act,_2019" title="Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019">Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Foreigners_Act,_1946" title="The Foreigners Act, 1946">The Foreigners Act, 1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_nationality_law" title="Indian nationality law">Indian nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis_in_India" title="Bangladeshis in India">Bangladeshis in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bengali_refugees" title="East Bengali refugees">East Bengali refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_border" title="Bangladesh–India border">Bangladesh–India border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_detention_sites_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="List of detention sites in the United States">List of detention sites in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_immigration_detention_facilities" title="List of Australian immigration detention facilities">List of Australian immigration detention facilities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Citizens" title="National Register of Citizens">National Register of Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Citizens_for_Assam" title="National Register of Citizens for Assam">National Register of Citizens for Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_Migrants_(Determination_by_Tribunals)_Act,_1983" title="Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunals) Act, 1983">Illegal Migrants (Determination by Tribunals) Act, 1983</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The precise breakup runs as follows: Jammu and Kashmir 6684, Andhra Pradesh 1755, Delhi 760, Haryana 677, West Bengal 361, Rajasthan 162, Uttar Pradesh 111, Punjab 50, Maharashtra 12, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Samaddar assumes each family to have four-five members and a substantial percentage to be unenumerated.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For detailed critiques, see: <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBhatia2021" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gautam_Bhatia_(lawyer)" title="Gautam Bhatia (lawyer)">Bhatia, Gautam</a> (8 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indconlawphil.wordpress.com/2021/04/08/complicity-in-genocide-the-supreme-courts-interim-order-in-the-rohingya-deportation-case/">"Complicity in Genocide: The Supreme Court's Interim Order in the Rohingya Deportation Case"</a>. <i>Indian Constitutional Law and Philosophy</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indian+Constitutional+Law+and+Philosophy&rft.atitle=Complicity+in+Genocide%3A+The+Supreme+Court%27s+Interim+Order+in+the+Rohingya+Deportation+Case&rft.date=2021-04-08&rft.aulast=Bhatia&rft.aufirst=Gautam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findconlawphil.wordpress.com%2F2021%2F04%2F08%2Fcomplicity-in-genocide-the-supreme-courts-interim-order-in-the-rohingya-deportation-case%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIllegal+immigration+to+India" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParthasarathy2021" class="citation web cs1">Parthasarathy, Suhrith (28 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indconlawphil.wordpress.com/2021/03/28/article-21-in-a-time-of-genocide-the-rohingya-case-before-the-supreme-court-guest-post/">"Article 21 in a Time of Genocide: The Rohingya Case before the Supreme Court"</a>. <i>Indian Constitutional Law and Philosophy</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indian+Constitutional+Law+and+Philosophy&rft.atitle=Article+21+in+a+Time+of+Genocide%3A+The+Rohingya+Case+before+the+Supreme+Court&rft.date=2021-03-28&rft.aulast=Parthasarathy&rft.aufirst=Suhrith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findconlawphil.wordpress.com%2F2021%2F03%2F28%2Farticle-21-in-a-time-of-genocide-the-rohingya-case-before-the-supreme-court-guest-post%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIllegal+immigration+to+India" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPillai2021" class="citation web cs1">Pillai, Priya (19 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opiniojuris.org/2021/04/19/international-law-omissions-rohingya-deportation-order-of-the-supreme-court-of-india/">"International Law Omissions: Rohingya Deportation Order of the Supreme Court of India"</a>. <i>Opinio Juris</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Opinio+Juris&rft.atitle=International+Law+Omissions%3A+Rohingya+Deportation+Order+of+the+Supreme+Court+of+India&rft.date=2021-04-19&rft.aulast=Pillai&rft.aufirst=Priya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopiniojuris.org%2F2021%2F04%2F19%2Finternational-law-omissions-rohingya-deportation-order-of-the-supreme-court-of-india%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIllegal+immigration+to+India" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2021" class="citation news cs1">Singh, Chander Uday (26 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/rohingya-refugees-crisis-india-supreme-court-7288913/">"Supreme Court must rethink its order on deportation of Rohingya refugees"</a>. <i>The Indian Express</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Supreme+Court+must+rethink+its+order+on+deportation+of+Rohingya+refugees&rft.date=2021-04-26&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Chander+Uday&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fopinion%2Fcolumns%2Frohingya-refugees-crisis-india-supreme-court-7288913%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIllegal+immigration+to+India" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illegal_immigration_to_India&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indiacode.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/4210/1/Citizenship_Act_1955.pdf">Citizenship Act, 1955</a>, indiacode.nic.in, 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1667568/">The Foreigners (Amendment) Act, 2004</a>, India Kanoon, 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianfrro.gov.in/frro/Notifications_dated_7.9.2015.pdf">Foreigners (Amendment) Order, 2015</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2019/214646.pdf">Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019</a>, Gazette of India, 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-censusindia.gov.in-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-censusindia.gov.in_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-censusindia.gov.in_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Data_Products/Data_Highlights/Data_Highlights_link/data_highlights_D1D2D3.pdf">"Census of India 2001. 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Illegal_immigration_to_India" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Illegal immigration to India">Illegal immigration to India</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/05/19/news/india.php">Bangladeshis in Assam flee anti-migrant drive</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Herald_Tribune" title="International Herald Tribune">International Herald Tribune</a>, 20 May 2005.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120415124641/http://www.uri.edu/artsci/wms/hughes/banglad.htm">Bangladesh</a>, Factbook on Global Sexual Exploitation, Coalition Against Trafficking in Women</li> 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Immigration_to_India" title="Template:Immigration to India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Immigration_to_India" title="Template talk:Immigration to India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Immigration_to_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Immigration to India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Immigration_to_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_India" title="Immigration to India">Immigration to India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relevant issues and events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detention_centres_in_Assam" title="Detention centres in Assam">Detention centres in Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Citizens_for_Assam" title="National Register of Citizens for Assam">NRC Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Citizens" title="National Register of Citizens">National Register of Citizens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nigerians_in_India" title="Nigerians in India">Nigerians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalis_in_India" title="Somalis in India">Somalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugandans_in_India" title="Ugandans in India">Ugandans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_India" title="Chinese people in India">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_diaspora#In_India" title="Tibetan diaspora">Tibetans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_people_in_India" title="Japanese people in India">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_India" title="Koreans in India">Koreans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Varanasi" title="Koreans in Varanasi">in Varanasi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolians_in_India" title="Mongolians in India">Mongolians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghans_in_India" title="Afghans in India">Afghans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pathans_in_India" title="Pathans in India">Pathans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis_in_India" title="Bangladeshis in India">Bangladeshis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldivians_in_India" title="Maldivians in India">Maldivians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Gorkha" title="Indian Gorkha">Nepalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_India" title="Pakistanis in India">Pakistanis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_people_in_India" title="Baloch people in India">Baloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathans_in_India" title="Pathans in India">Pathans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhis_in_India" title="Sindhis in India">Sindhis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankans_in_India" title="Sri Lankans in India">Sri Lankans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Tamils_in_India" title="Sri Lankan Tamils in India">Tamils</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_community_in_India" title="Burmese community in India">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_India" title="Filipinos in India">Filipinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysians_in_India" title="Malaysians in India">Malaysians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporeans_in_India" title="Singaporeans in India">Singaporeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thais_in_India" title="Thais in India">Thais</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabs_in_India" title="Arabs in India">Arabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_India" title="Armenians in India">Armenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqis_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraqis in India">Iraqis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israelis_in_India" title="Israelis in India">Israelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkic_peoples_in_India" title="Turkic peoples in India">Turks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Britons_in_India" title="Britons in India">Britons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish-Indian" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish-Indian">Scottish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_people_in_India" title="French people in India">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germans_in_India" title="Germans in India">Germans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Indians" title="Irish Indians">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italians_in_India" title="Italians in India">Italians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luso-Indian" title="Luso-Indian">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_in_India" title="Russians in India">Russians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_in_India" title="Americans in India">Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadians_in_India" title="Canadians in India">Canadians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australians_in_India" title="Australians in India">Australians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilians_in_India" title="Brazilians in India">Brazilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Guyanese" title="Indo-Guyanese">Guyanese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_India" title="Human trafficking in India">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration in India">Illegal immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_in_India" title="Refugees in India">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreigner_registration_in_India" title="Foreigner registration in India">Foreigner registration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_India" title="Visa policy of India">Visa policy of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Immigration_(India)" title="Bureau of Immigration (India)">Bureau of Immigration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Illegal_immigration_by_country" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_topic" title="Template:World topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_topic" title="Template talk:World topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Illegal_immigration_by_country" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Illegal immigration by country</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Angola" title="Illegal immigration to Angola">Angola</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Argentina">Argentina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Australia" title="Illegal immigration to Australia">Australia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Bhutan" title="Illegal immigration to Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Brazil" title="Illegal immigration to Brazil">Brazil</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Canada" title="Illegal immigration to Canada">Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Chile" title="Illegal immigration to Chile">Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_China" title="Illegal immigration to China">China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Finland">Finland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to France">France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Ghana" title="Illegal immigration to Ghana">Ghana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Greece">Greece</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Hungary">Hungary</a></li><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Iran">Iran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Israel">Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Italy">Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Japan">Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Latvia">Latvia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Libya">Libya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Malaysia" title="Illegal immigration to Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Mexico" title="Illegal immigration to Mexico">Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Nigeria" title="Illegal immigration to Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to the Philippines">Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Portugal">Portugal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Russia" title="Illegal immigration to Russia">Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Saudi_Arabia" title="Illegal immigration to Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Singapore" title="Illegal immigration to Singapore">Singapore</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_South_Africa" title="Illegal immigration to South Africa">South Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_South_Korea" title="Illegal immigration to South Korea">South Korea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Syria">Syria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Thailand" title="Illegal immigration to Thailand">Thailand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_Kingdom" title="Illegal immigration to the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_Vietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal immigration to Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bangladesh&#124;link=Bangladesh_Bangladesh–India_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=India&#124;link=India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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title="Bangladesh"><img alt="Bangladesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Bangladesh–India relations">Bangladesh–India relations</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" 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India to Bangladesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Bangla_Treaty_of_Friendship,_Cooperation_and_Peace" title="Indo-Bangla Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace">Indo-Bangla Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Feni_River_Water" title="Withdrawal of Feni River Water">Withdrawal of Feni River Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BCIM_Economic_Corridor" title="BCIM Economic Corridor">BCIM Economic Corridor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Farakka_Long_March" title="Farakka Long March">Farakka Long March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_border_clashes" title="2001 Bangladesh–India border clashes">2001 border conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Bangladesh_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Bangladesh coup d'état attempt">2011 Bangladesh coup d'état attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Bangladesh_anti-Modi_protests" title="2021 Bangladesh anti-Modi protests">2021 Bangladesh anti-Modi protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deaths_along_the_Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_border" title="Deaths along the Bangladesh–India border">Border killings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Border_shooting_of_Felani_Khatun" title="Border shooting of Felani Khatun">Felani Khatun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangabhumi" title="Bangabhumi">Bangabhumi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Liberation_War" title="Bangladesh Liberation War">Bangladesh Liberation War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1971" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1971">Indo-Pakistani War of 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittagong_Hill_Tracts_conflict" title="Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict">Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Farakka_Barrage" title="Farakka Barrage">Farakka Barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_water_dispute" title="Ganges water dispute">Ganges water dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_River_Commission" title="Joint River Commission">Joint River Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rampal_Power_Station" title="Rampal Power Station">Rampal Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Barrage_Project" title="Ganges Barrage Project">Ganges Barrage Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_between_India_and_Bangladesh" title="Transport between India and Bangladesh">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandhan_Express" title="Bandhan Express">Bandhan Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitree_Express" title="Maitree Express">Maitree Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitali_Express" title="Mitali Express">Mitali Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitri_Setu" title="Maitri Setu">Maitri Setu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_border" title="Bangladesh–India border">Border</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Bangladesh_enclaves" title="India–Bangladesh enclaves">Enclaves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahagram%E2%80%93Angarpota" title="Dahagram–Angarpota">Dahagram–Angarpota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin_Bigha_Corridor" title="Tin Bigha Corridor">Tin Bigha Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India-Bangladesh_Border_Haat" class="mw-redirect" title="India-Bangladesh Border Haat">Border Haat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bengali_refugees" title="East Bengali refugees">East Bengali refugees</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Illegal immigration to India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assam_Movement" title="Assam Movement">Assam Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Bangladesh" title="Greater Bangladesh">Greater Bangladesh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhand_Bharat" title="Akhand Bharat">Akhand Bharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Bangladesh_joint_production" title="Indo-Bangladesh joint production">Indo-Bangladesh joint production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_reunification" title="Indian reunification">Indian reunification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Bangladesh%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Category:Bangladesh–India relations">Category:Bangladesh–India relations</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Social_issues_in_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Social_issues_in_India" title="Template:Social issues in India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li 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India">Famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmers%27_suicides_in_India" title="Farmers' suicides in India">Farmers' suicides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_in_India" title="Labour in India">Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform_in_India" title="Land reform in India">Land reforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debt_bondage_in_India" title="Debt bondage in India">Debt bondage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Pension_System" title="National Pension System">National Pension System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_India" title="Poverty in India">Poverty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Below_Poverty_Line" title="Below Poverty Line">BPL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_distribution_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Public distribution system">Public distribution system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remittances_to_India" title="Remittances to India">Remittances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_slums_in_India" title="List of slums in India">Slums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slum_clearance_in_India" title="Slum clearance in India">Clearance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living_in_India" title="Standard of living in India">Standard of living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawker_(trade)" title="Hawker (trade)">Street vendors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_India" title="Transport in India">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_basic_income_in_India" title="Universal basic income in India">Universal basic income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbanization_in_India" title="Urbanization in India">Urbanisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_India" title="Unemployment in India">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_India" title="Income inequality in India">Widening income gap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_India" title="Education in India">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literacy_in_India" title="Literacy in India">Literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragging#Ragging_in_India" title="Ragging">Ragging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_India" title="Environmental issues in India">Environment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_India" title="Conservation in India">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_South_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate change in South Asia">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manual_scavenging" title="Manual scavenging">Manual scavenging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_disasters_in_India" title="Natural disasters in India">Natural disasters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_India" title="Water supply and sanitation in India">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Water_disputes_in_India" title="Category:Water disputes in India">Water disputes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cohabitation_in_India" title="Cohabitation in India">Cohabitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence_in_India" title="Domestic violence in India">Domestic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dowry_system_in_India" title="Dowry system in India">Dowry system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_planning_in_India" title="Family planning in India">Family planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint family">Joint family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infertility" title="Infertility">Infertility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_family" title="Nuclear family">Nuclear family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyandry_in_India" title="Polyandry in India">Polyandry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygyny_in_India" title="Polygyny in India">Polygyny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Children</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_India" title="Abortion in India">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_labour_in_India" title="Child labour in India">Child labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_marriage_in_India" title="Child marriage in India">Child marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_prostitution" title="Child prostitution">Child prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_trafficking_in_India" title="Child trafficking in India">Child trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_foeticide_in_India" title="Female foeticide in India">Female foeticide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_infanticide_in_India" title="Female infanticide in India">Female infanticide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_children_in_India" title="Street children in India">Street children</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Women_in_India" title="Women in India">Women</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_attack" title="Acid attack">Acid attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bride_burning" title="Bride burning">Bride burning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devadasi" title="Devadasi">Devadasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dowry_death" title="Dowry death">Dowry death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve_teasing" title="Eve teasing">Eve teasing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_health_in_India" title="Women's health in India">Women's health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_India" title="Feminism in India">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_and_menstruation" title="Culture and menstruation">Menstrual taboo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_India" title="Prostitution in India">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_in_India" title="Rape in India">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sati_(practice)" title="Sati (practice)">Sati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_inequality_in_India" title="Gender inequality in India">Sexism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">Caste system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caste_politics" title="Caste politics">Caste politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caste-related_violence_in_India" title="Caste-related violence in India">Caste-related violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservation_in_India" title="Reservation in India">Reservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communalism_(South_Asia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communalism (South Asia)">Communalism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_states_and_union_territories_of_India" title="Proposed states and union territories of India">Proposed states and territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_relations_in_India" title="Ethnic relations in India">Ethnic relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_India" title="Religious violence in India">Religious violence</a></li> <li><a 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India">Illegal mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organised_crime_in_India" title="Organised crime in India">Organised crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilantism#India" title="Vigilantism">Vigilantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_police#India" title="Internet police">Cybercrime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_India" title="Healthcare in India">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diabetes_in_India" title="Diabetes in India">Diabetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Epidemics_in_India" title="Category:Epidemics in India">Epidemics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_India" title="HIV/AIDS in India">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leprosy_in_India" title="Leprosy in 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