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Infuzoriyalar - Vikipediya

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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Kirish</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Manbalar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manbalar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Manbalar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manbalar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Infuzoriyalar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Boshqa tildagi maqolaga oʻting. 65 ta tilda mavjud" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 ta til</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="هدبيات – arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هدبيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="هدبيات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هدبيات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nfuzorlar" title="İnfuzorlar – ozarbayjon" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnfuzorlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ozarbayjon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Инфузориялар – boshqird" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Инфузориялар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="boshqird" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Інфузорыі – belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Інфузорыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Ресничести – bolgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ресничести" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trepljari" title="Trepljari – bosniy" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Trepljari" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Инфузоринууд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Инфузоринууд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliats" title="Ciliats – katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciliats" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliophora_(uhong)" title="Ciliophora (uhong) – sebuan" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ciliophora (uhong)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebuan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%B5%DA%A9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کوڵکداران – sorani-kurd" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کوڵکداران" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani-kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1levn%C3%ADci" title="Nálevníci – chex" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nálevníci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="chex" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliater" title="Ciliater – dan" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ciliater" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wimpertierchen" title="Wimpertierchen – nemischa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wimpertierchen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemischa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliate" title="Ciliate – inglizcha" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ciliate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliuloj" title="Ciliuloj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ciliuloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliophora" title="Ciliophora – ispancha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciliophora" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispancha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripsloomad" title="Ripsloomad – estoncha" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ripsloomad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoncha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziliatu" title="Ziliatu – bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ziliatu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%98%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مژک‌داران – fors" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مژک‌داران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="fors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripsiel%C3%A4imet" title="Ripsieläimet – fincha" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ripsieläimet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliophora" title="Ciliophora – fransuzcha" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ciliophora" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransuzcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabhr%C3%A1nach" title="Fabhránach – irland" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fabhránach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cili%C3%B3foros" title="Cilióforos – galisiy" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cilióforos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="ריסנית – ivrit" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ריסנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trepetljika%C5%A1i" title="Trepetljikaši – xorvat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Trepetljikaši" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="xorvat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csill%C3%B3sok" title="Csillósok – venger" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csillósok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="venger" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B6%D6%86%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ինֆուզորիաներ – arman" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ինֆուզորիաներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliophora" title="Ciliophora – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ciliophora" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliata" title="Ciliata – indonez" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ciliata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonez" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88" title="Инфузореш – ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Инфузореш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliophora" title="Ciliophora – italyan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ciliophora" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B9%8A%E6%AF%9B%E8%99%AB" title="繊毛虫 – yapon" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="繊毛虫" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="yapon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliata" title="Ciliata – yavan" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ciliata" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="yavan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infuzoriyalar" title="Infuzoriyalar – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Infuzoriyalar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Инфузориялар – qozoqcha" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Инфузориялар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="qozoqcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%AC%EB%AA%A8%EC%B6%A9%EB%A5%98" title="섬모충류 – koreyscha" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="섬모충류" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Инфузориялар – qirgʻizcha" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Инфузориялар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="qirgʻizcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliata" title="Siliata – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Siliata" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliophora" title="Ciliophora – quyi nemis" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ciliophora" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="quyi nemis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliaten" title="Ciliaten – niderland" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ciliaten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flimmerdyr" title="Flimmerdyr – norveg-nyunorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Flimmerdyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveg-nyunorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flimmerdyr" title="Flimmerdyr – norveg-bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Flimmerdyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveg-bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripsiel%C3%A4tit" title="Ripsielätit – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Ripsielätit" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orz%C4%99ski" title="Orzęski – polyakcha" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Orzęski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polyakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliophora" title="Ciliophora – portugalcha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciliophora" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliofore" title="Ciliofore – rumincha" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ciliofore" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumincha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Инфузории – ruscha" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Инфузории" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruscha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trepljari" title="Trepljari – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Trepljari" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliate" title="Ciliate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ciliate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1levn%C3%ADky" title="Nálevníky – slovakcha" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nálevníky" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Трепљари – serbcha" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Трепљари" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbcha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliata" title="Ciliata – sundan" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ciliata" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliater" title="Ciliater – shved" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ciliater" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="shved" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE" title="సీలియేటా – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సీలియేటా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Мижакдорон – tojik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мижакдорон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tojik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95" title="ซิลิเอต – tay" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซิลิเอต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silliler" title="Silliler – turk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Silliler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Инфузорияләр – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Инфузорияләр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96" title="Війчасті – ukrain" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Війчасті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%B9ng_l%C3%B4ng" title="Trùng lông – vyetnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trùng lông" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vyetnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliophora" title="Ciliophora – varay" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ciliophora" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A4%E6%AF%9B%E8%99%AB" title="纤毛虫 – vu xitoy" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="纤毛虫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%A4%E6%AF%9B%E8%99%AB" title="纤毛虫 – xitoy" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="纤毛虫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xitoy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%96%E6%AF%9B%E8%9F%B2" title="纖毛蟲 – kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="纖毛蟲" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q106345#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Tillararo ishoratlarni tahrirlash" class="wbc-editpage">Ishoratlarni tahrirla</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomfazolar"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Infuzoriyalar" title="Sahifani ko‘rish [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Maqola</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Munozara:Infuzoriyalar" rel="discussion" title="Sahifa matni borasida munozara [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Munozara</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Til variantini oʻzgartirish" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">lotin/кирилл</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-uz mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;variant=uz" lang="uz" hreflang="uz"><span>lotin/кирилл</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-uz-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;variant=uz-latn" lang="uz-Latn" hreflang="uz-Latn"><span>lotin</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-uz-Cyrl mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;variant=uz-cyrl" lang="uz-Cyrl" hreflang="uz-Cyrl"><span>кирилл</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Koʻrinishlar&lt;!--Views--&gt;"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Infuzoriyalar"><span>Mutolaa</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;veaction=edit" title="Bu sahifani tahrirlash [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Tahrirlash</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;action=edit" title="Sahifa manba kodini tahrirlash [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Manbasini tahrirlash</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;action=history" title="Bu sahifaning oʻzgarishlar tarixi [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Tarix</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Asboblar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Asboblar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Asboblar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Koʻproq opsiyalar" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Amallar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Infuzoriyalar"><span>Mutolaa</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;veaction=edit" title="Bu sahifani tahrirlash [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Tahrirlash</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;action=edit" title="Sahifa manba kodini tahrirlash [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Manbasini tahrirlash</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;action=history"><span>Tarix</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umumiy </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:WhatLinksHere/Infuzoriyalar" title="Ushbu sahifaga bogʻlangan sahifalar roʻyxati [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Bu yerga ishoratlar</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:RecentChangesLinked/Infuzoriyalar" rel="nofollow" title="Bu sahifaga bogʻlangan sahifalardagi yangi oʻzgarishlar [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Bogʻliq oʻzgarishlar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maxsus:SpecialPages" title="Maxsus sahifalar ro‘yxati [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Maxsus sahifalar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;oldid=2882451" title="Sahifaning ushbu versiyasiga doimiy ishorat"><span>Doimiy havola</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;action=info" title="Bu sahifa haqida koʻproq maʼlumot"><span>Sahifa haqida maʼlumot</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:CiteThisPage&amp;page=Infuzoriyalar&amp;id=2882451&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Sahifadan matn parchasi ajratish</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FInfuzoriyalar"><span>Qisqartirilgan URL-manzilni olish</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fuz.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FInfuzoriyalar"><span>QR-kodni yuklab olish</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nashr/eksport qilish </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maxsus:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Infuzoriyalar&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF sifatida yuklash</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Ushbu sahifaning bosma uchun versiyasi [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bosma uchun versiya</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Boshqa loyihalarda </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ciliata" hreflang="en"><span>Vikiombor</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ciliophora" hreflang="en"><span>Vikitur</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q106345" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikimaʼlumotlar bandi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Qiyofa"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Qiyofa</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">yonqutiga oʻtish</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">yashirish</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="uz" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3736686">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-Ichki_havolasiz plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/40px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/60px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Ambox_wikify.svg/80px-Ambox_wikify.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Bu maqolada <a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Ichki_havolalar" title="Vikipediya:Ichki havolalar">ichki havolalar</a> juda kam</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Matnga aloqador ichki havolalar qoʻshib <a class="external text" href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;action=edit">yordam qiling</a>.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Ciliate_collage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ciliate_collage.jpg/220px-Ciliate_collage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ciliate_collage.jpg/330px-Ciliate_collage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ciliate_collage.jpg/440px-Ciliate_collage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="3300" /></a><figcaption>Infuzoriyalar (<i>Lacrymaria</i>, <i>Coleps</i>, <i>Stentor</i>, <i>Dileptus</i>, <i>Paramecium)</i></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Infuzoriyalar</b> (<i>Infuzoria, Ciliophora</i>)&#160;— yuksak rivojlangan <a href="/wiki/Bir_hujayralilar" title="Bir hujayralilar">bir hujayrali</a> hayvonlar tipi. Tanasining uzunligi 12 mkmdan 3 mm gacha. Tashqi koʻrinishi har xil; erkin va oʻtroq, yakka va koloniya boʻlib yashovchi turlari bor. Harakatlanish organoidlari tanasini qoplab turuvchi kipriklardan iborat. Tanasi yupqa va pishiq pellikula qobiq bilan qoplangan. Yadrosi 2 xil: bitta katta yadro (makronukleus) va bitta yoki bir necha kichik yadro (mikronukleus)dan iborat. Katta yadro loviyasimon, zanjirsimon, taqasimon yoki boshqa shaklda, kichik yadro dumaloq boʻladi. Infuzoriyalar hazm qilish va ayirish organoidlarining ancha murakkab tuzilganligi bilan boshqa bir hujayralilardan farq qiladi. Erkin yashovchi infuzoriyalarda ogʻizoldi chuqurchasi, ogʻiz, halqum, hazm qilish vakuollari va chiqarish teshigi boʻladi. Qisqaruvchan vakuollari 2 ta, murakkab tuzilgan boʻlib, sitoplazmadan suyuklik yigʻuvchi uzun naychalar, suyuklik saqlovchi rezervuar va chiqarish naychasidan iborat. Infuzoriyalar ning ektoplazmasida himoya vazifasini bajaruvchi ipsimon otiluvchi tanachalar (trixosistalar) joylashgan. Parazit infuzoriyalar ning ogʻiz teshigi va qisqaruvchan vakuollari bulmaydi. Bakteriyalar va suv utlari bilan, ogʻizsiz parazit turlari fagotsitoz usulda oziqlanadi. Infuzoriyalar ikkiga boʻlinish, ketma-ket boʻlinish, koʻp marta boʻlinish, kurtaklanish orqali koʻpayadi. Infuzoriyalar da jinsiy jarayon ikkita infuzoriya oʻrtasida irsiy belgilarning almashinuvi (konyugatsiya) orqali sodir boʻladi. 8000 ga yaqin turi maʼlum. Dengiz, chuchuk suv va tuproqda uchraydi. 2 sinf (kiprikli va soʻruvchi infuzoriyalar) ga boʻlinadi. Ayrim infuzoriyalar hayvonlar (halqali chuvalchanglar, mollyuskalar, sut emizuvchilar) oshqozonida simbioz yashaydi. Kavsh qaytaruvchi sut emizuvchilar oshqozonida ofrioskoleks infuzoriyasi yashaydi. Bir qancha infuzoriyalar parazitlik qiladi. Baliqlarda ixtioftirius, uy hayvonlari va odamlarda balantidiy parazitlik qilib, katta ziyon keltiradi. Ayrim infuzoriyalar (masalan, tufelka) laboratoriya hayvonlari hisoblanadi<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manbalar">Manbalar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Boʻlimni tahrirlash: Manbalar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>tahrir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infuzoriyalar&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Manbalar"><span>manbasini tahrirlash</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3605845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/O%CA%BBzME" class="mw-redirect" title="OʻzME">OʻzME</a>. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" align="center" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fayl:Stub_W.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stub ikona"><img alt="Stub ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stub_W.svg/50px-Stub_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stub_W.svg/75px-Stub_W.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Stub_W.svg/100px-Stub_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td><center><i>Ushbu maqola <a href="/wiki/Vikipediya:Chala_maqolalar" class="mw-redirect" title="Vikipediya:Chala maqolalar">chaladir</a>. 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maqolalar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkum:Chala_maqolalar" title="Turkum:Chala maqolalar">Chala maqolalar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkum:GND_identifikatorlari_bo%CA%BByicha_Vikipediya_maqolalari" title="Turkum:GND identifikatorlari boʻyicha Vikipediya maqolalari">GND identifikatorlari boʻyicha Vikipediya maqolalari</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkum:LCCN_identifikatorlari_bo%CA%BByicha_Vikipediya_maqolalari" title="Turkum:LCCN identifikatorlari boʻyicha Vikipediya maqolalari">LCCN identifikatorlari boʻyicha Vikipediya maqolalari</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkum:NDL_identifikatorlari_bo%CA%BByicha_Vikipediya_maqolalari" title="Turkum:NDL identifikatorlari boʻyicha Vikipediya maqolalari">NDL identifikatorlari boʻyicha Vikipediya maqolalari</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkum:NKC_identifikatorlari_bo%CA%BByicha_Vikipediya_maqolalari" title="Turkum:NKC identifikatorlari boʻyicha Vikipediya maqolalari">NKC identifikatorlari boʻyicha Vikipediya maqolalari</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> 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