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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Japanese annexation of Korea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese_annexation_of_Korea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Legality</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legality-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legality subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Conference_to_discuss_legality_of_the_treaty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conference_to_discuss_legality_of_the_treaty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Conference to discuss legality of the treaty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conference_to_discuss_legality_of_the_treaty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Activism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_(1910)" title="المعاهدة اليابانية الكورية (1910) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المعاهدة اليابانية الكورية (1910)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japansko-korejski_sporazum_1910." title="Japansko-korejski sporazum 1910. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Japansko-korejski sporazum 1910." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_japansk-koreanske_annekteringstraktat" title="Den japansk-koreanske annekteringstraktat – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den japansk-koreanske annekteringstraktat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan-Korea-Annexionsvertrag_von_1910" title="Japan-Korea-Annexionsvertrag von 1910 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Japan-Korea-Annexionsvertrag von 1910" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tratado_Jap%C3%B3n-Corea_de_1910" title="Tratado Japón-Corea de 1910 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tratado Japón-Corea de 1910" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japana-korea_aneksa_traktato" title="Japana-korea aneksa traktato – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Japana-korea aneksa traktato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%DB%B1%DB%B9%DB%B1%DB%B0_%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%86_%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%87" title="پیمان ۱۹۱۰ ژاپن و کره – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیمان ۱۹۱۰ ژاپن و کره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trait%C3%A9_d%27annexion_de_la_Cor%C3%A9e" title="Traité d'annexion de la Corée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Traité d'annexion de la Corée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%91%ED%95%A9%EC%A1%B0%EC%95%BD" title="한일병합조약 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="한일병합조약" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perjanjian_Jepang-Korea_1910" title="Perjanjian Jepang-Korea 1910 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perjanjian Jepang-Korea 1910" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trattato_di_annessione_nippo-coreano" title="Trattato di annessione nippo-coreano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Trattato di annessione nippo-coreano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%9D_%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9F%E2%80%93%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%94_(1910)" title="הסכם יפן–קוריאה (1910) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הסכם יפן–קוריאה (1910)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perjanjian_Jepun%E2%80%93Korea_1910" title="Perjanjian Jepun–Korea 1910 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perjanjian Jepun–Korea 1910" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan-Korea_Annexatieverdrag" title="Japan-Korea Annexatieverdrag – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Japan-Korea Annexatieverdrag" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%B5%E5%90%88%E3%83%8B%E9%96%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AB%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" title="韓国併合ニ関スル条約 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="韓国併合ニ関スル条約" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_japansk-koreanske_annekteringstraktaten" title="Den japansk-koreanske annekteringstraktaten – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den japansk-koreanske annekteringstraktaten" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreyaning_Yaponiyaga_qo%CA%BBshilishi_to%CA%BBg%CA%BBrisidagi_shartnoma" title="Koreyaning Yaponiyaga qoʻshilishi toʻgʻrisidagi shartnoma – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Koreyaning Yaponiyaga qoʻshilishi toʻgʻrisidagi shartnoma" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tratado_de_Anexa%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Jap%C3%A3o-Coreia" title="Tratado de Anexação Japão-Coreia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tratado de Anexação Japão-Coreia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B8_%D0%BA_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Договор о присоединении Кореи к Японии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Договор о присоединении Кореи к Японии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japansk-koreanska_f%C3%B6rdraget_1910" title="Japansk-koreanska fördraget 1910 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Japansk-koreanska fördraget 1910" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasunduang_Pagsasanib_ng_Hapon-Korea" title="Kasunduang Pagsasanib ng Hapon-Korea – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kasunduang Pagsasanib ng Hapon-Korea" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஜப்பான்-கொரியா இணைப்பு ஒப்பந்தம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜப்பான்-கொரியா இணைப்பு ஒப்பந்தம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E2%80%93%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B8%84.%E0%B8%A8._1910" title="สนธิสัญญาญี่ปุ่น–เกาหลี ค.ศ. 1910 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สนธิสัญญาญี่ปุ่น–เกาหลี ค.ศ. 1910" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1910_Japonya%E2%80%93Kore_Antla%C5%9Fmas%C4%B1" title="1910 Japonya–Kore Antlaşması – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1910 Japonya–Kore Antlaşması" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%97_%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97" title="Договір про приєднання Кореї до Японії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Договір про приєднання Кореї до Японії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%E1%BB%87p_%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_Nh%E1%BA%ADt%E2%80%93H%C3%A0n,_1910" title="Hiệp ước Nhật–Hàn, 1910 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiệp ước Nhật–Hàn, 1910" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%9F%A9%E5%90%88%E5%B9%B6%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="日韩合并条约 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="日韩合并条约" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q495558#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1910 formal annexation of Korea by Japan</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910" title="Special:EditPage/Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Japan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910%22">"Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Japan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Japan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Japan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Japan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Japan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Japan–Korea Treaty (disambiguation)">Japan–Korea Treaty</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;">Japan–Korea Unequal Treaty</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above description" style="font-size: 100%; background-color:#ededed">Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty of 1910</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_power_of_attorney_to_Lee_Wan-Yong_signed_and_sealed_by_Sunjong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/General_power_of_attorney_to_Lee_Wan-Yong_signed_and_sealed_by_Sunjong.jpg/320px-General_power_of_attorney_to_Lee_Wan-Yong_signed_and_sealed_by_Sunjong.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/General_power_of_attorney_to_Lee_Wan-Yong_signed_and_sealed_by_Sunjong.jpg/480px-General_power_of_attorney_to_Lee_Wan-Yong_signed_and_sealed_by_Sunjong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/General_power_of_attorney_to_Lee_Wan-Yong_signed_and_sealed_by_Sunjong.jpg/640px-General_power_of_attorney_to_Lee_Wan-Yong_signed_and_sealed_by_Sunjong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2962" data-file-height="1777" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;">General power of attorney to <a href="/wiki/Yi_Wan-yong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yi Wan-yong">Yi Wan-yong</a> signed and sealed by the last emperor, <a href="/wiki/Sunjong_of_the_Korean_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunjong of the Korean Empire">Sunjong of the Korean Empire</a> (<i>Yi Cheok</i>, 이척 李坧). The last emperor's first name '坧' used as signature.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Annexation treaty</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Context</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist">Annexation of the Korean Empire by the Empire of Japan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sealed</th><td class="infobox-data">August 22, 1910</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Effective</th><td class="infobox-data">August 29, 1910</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Expiration</th><td class="infobox-data">August 15, 1945<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1945-08-15</span>)</span>, de facto <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">September 2, 1945<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1945-09-02</span>)</span></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Expiry</th><td class="infobox-data">June 22, 1965<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">1965-06-22</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signatories</th><td class="infobox-data attendee plainlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ye_Wanyong" class="mw-redirect" title="Ye Wanyong">Ye Wanyong</a><br />(Prime Minister of the Korean Empire)</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Masatake" title="Terauchi Masatake">Count Terauchi Masatake</a></span><br />(<a href="/wiki/Japanese_Resident-General_of_Korea" title="Japanese Resident-General of Korea">Resident General of Korea</a>; Empire of Japan)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parties</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span data-sort-value="Japan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a></span></li> <li><span data-sort-value="Korea"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="567" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Korean_Empire" title="Korean Empire">Korea</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ratifiers</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span>Japan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Korea_%281899%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="567" /></span></span> </span>Korea</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Literary_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Literary Chinese">Literary Chinese</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Japanese name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Kanji" title="Kanji">Kanji</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">韓国併合ニ関スル条約 or 日韓併合条約</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hiragana" title="Hiragana">Hiragana</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">かんこくへいごうにかんするじょうやく or にっかんへいごうじょうやく</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="ja-Latn">Kankoku heigō ni kansuru jōyaku or Nikkan heigō jōyaku</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de;">Korean name</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko" style="font-size: 1rem;">한일병합조약<br />(한일합방조약, 한일합방늑약)</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko" style="font-size: 1rem;">韓日倂合條約<br />(韓日合邦條約, 韓日合邦勒約)</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean" title="Revised Romanization of Korean">Revised Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Korean-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="ko-Latn">Hanil Byeonghap Joyak<br />(Hanil Hapbang Joyak, Hanil Hapbang Neugyak)</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Military_campaigns_of_the_Empire_of_Japan2311" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link 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.navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Japanese_colonial_campaigns" title="Template:Campaignbox Japanese colonial campaigns"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Japanese_colonial_campaigns" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Japanese colonial campaigns"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Japanese_colonial_campaigns" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Japanese colonial campaigns"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Military_campaigns_of_the_Empire_of_Japan2311" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em">Military campaigns of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan"><span class="wrap">Empire of Japan</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji period</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Taiwan_(1874)" title="Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874)">Taiwan (1874)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganghwa_Island_incident" title="Ganghwa Island incident">Ganghwa (1875)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ry%C5%ABky%C5%AB_Disposition" class="mw-redirect" title="Ryūkyū Disposition">Ryukyu (1879)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">Manchuria, Korea, and Taiwan (1894–1895)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_Intervention" title="Triple Intervention">Liaodong Peninsula (1895)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion" title="Boxer Rebellion">China (1899–1901)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Manchuria and Korea (1904–1905)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Korea (1910)</a><br /></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Taishō period">Taishō period</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tsingtao" title="Siege of Tsingtao">Tsingtao (1914)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_German_colonial_possessions" title="Japanese occupation of German colonial possessions">German Pacific possesions (1914)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_intervention_in_Siberia" title="Japanese intervention in Siberia">Siberia (1918–1922)</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_(1926%E2%80%931989)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shōwa (1926–1989)">Shōwa period</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Manchuria" title="Japanese invasion of Manchuria">Manchuria and Inner Mongolia (1931–1936)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">China (1937–45)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_French_Indochina" title="Japanese invasion of French Indochina">French Indochina (1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Asia-Pacific (1941–1945)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910</b>, also known as the <b>Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty</b>, was made by representatives of the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Korean_Empire" title="Korean Empire">Korean Empire</a> on 22 August 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-assim_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-assim-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this treaty, Japan formally <a href="/wiki/Annexation" title="Annexation">annexed</a> Korea following the <a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1905" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905</a> (by which Korea became a <a href="/wiki/Protectorate" title="Protectorate">protectorate</a> of Japan) and the <a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1907" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907</a> (by which Korea was deprived of the administration of internal affairs). </p><p>Japanese commentators predicted that Koreans would easily <a href="/wiki/Cultural_assimilation" title="Cultural assimilation">assimilate</a> into the Japanese Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-assim_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-assim-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1965, the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_Basic_Relations_between_Japan_and_the_Republic_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea">Treaty of Basic Relations</a> between <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> confirmed this treaty is "already null and void".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The treaty was proclaimed to the public (and became effective) on 29 August 1910, officially starting the <a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">period of Japanese rule</a> in Korea. The treaty had eight articles, the first being: "His Majesty the Emperor of Korea makes the complete and permanent cession to His Majesty the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan" title="Emperor of Japan">Emperor of Japan</a> of all rights of sovereignty over the whole of Korea".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gojong_of_the_Korean_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Gojong of the Korean Empire">Gojong of the Korean Empire</a> later called the treaty a <i>neugyak</i> (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko">늑약 勒約</span></span>, Forced treaty).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This alternative term used in lieu of <i>joyak</i> (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko">조약 條約</span></span>, Treaty) implies the Koreans were coerced into accepting the treaty by the Japanese. Terms such as <i>Gyeongsul Gukchi</i> (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko">경술국치 庚戌國恥</span></span>, National humiliation of the year of Gyeongsul) and <i>Gukchi-il</i> (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko">국치일 國恥日</span></span>, National humiliation day) are also used in Korea to refer to the year and date of the treaty's proclamation.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> had already acquiesced to the annexation of Korea by Japan, via the British connection to Imperial Japan via the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_Alliance" title="Anglo-Japanese Alliance">Anglo-Japanese Alliance</a> of 1902 and 1905; and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> had also sanctioned the annexation, as per the <a href="/wiki/Taft-Katsura_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Taft-Katsura Agreement">Taft-Katsura Agreement</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Japanese_annexation_of_Korea">Japanese annexation of Korea</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Japanese annexation of Korea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Empire of Japan had already confirmed the policy of Annexation at the Cabinet Meeting on 6 July 1909. However, it was left only to minimize side effects and obtain an international justification. The Japanese imperial government was preparing a scenario for a "merger petition" to Shigemaru Sugiyama, an advisor of the <a href="/wiki/Iljinhoe" title="Iljinhoe">Iljinhoe</a>. Prior to this, <a href="/wiki/Song_Byeong-jun" title="Song Byeong-jun">Song Byeong-jun</a> went to the Empire of Japan in February 1909 and held a bargaining for the country. Many times, <a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">Itō Hirobumi</a> urged a "merger", but when work was delayed due to the Japanese imperial armed forces' plan, he went directly to the Empire of Japan and negotiated a "merger" against the Japanese imperial Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura Tarō</a> and other members of the Japanese imperial Choya. </p><p>If <a href="/wiki/Song_Byeong-jun" title="Song Byeong-jun">Song Byeong-jun</a>'s cabinet is established, not only is there a risk of retaliation, but also <a href="/wiki/Ye_Wanyong" class="mw-redirect" title="Ye Wanyong">Ye Wanyong</a>, fearing that the main role of the annexation will be taken away, said, "Even if the current cabinet collapses, a more pro-Japanese cabinet cannot come out." and voluntarily informed the Ministry of Knowledge Economy that it was possible. </p><p>In directing such a scenario, the Empire of Japan gradually decided that the period of “Annexation” was ripening, and promoted Shigemaru to make a “joining petition” using Lee Yong-gu and <a href="/wiki/Song_Byeong-jun" title="Song Byeong-jun">Song Byeong-jun</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legality">Legality</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The legality of the treaty was later disputed by the exiled <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_Republic_of_Korea" title="Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea">Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/South_Korean_government" class="mw-redirect" title="South Korean government">South Korean government</a>. While the treaty was affixed with the national seal of the Korean Empire, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Sunjong_of_Korea" title="Sunjong of Korea">Sunjong of Korea</a> refused to sign the treaty as required under Korean law. The treaty was instead signed by Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Ye_Wanyong" class="mw-redirect" title="Ye Wanyong">Ye Wanyong</a> of the Korean Empire, and <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor-General of Korea">Resident General</a> Count <a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Masatake" title="Terauchi Masatake">Terauchi Masatake</a> of the Empire of Japan.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>This issue caused considerable difficulty in the negotiations for the establishment of basic diplomatic relations between Japan and South Korea in 1965. The South Korean government held the position that the annexation treaty was null and void at the time of signing, which the Japanese government contested.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A compromise was reached in Article II of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_Basic_Relations_between_Japan_and_the_Republic_of_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea">1965 Treaty on Basic Relations</a>: </p><p>"It is confirmed that all treaties or agreements concluded between the Empire of Japan and the Empire of Korea on or before August 22, 1910, are already null and void."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conference_to_discuss_legality_of_the_treaty">Conference to discuss legality of the treaty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Conference to discuss legality of the treaty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Undue_weight plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-undue-weight" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article may <b>lend <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Due_and_undue_weight" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">undue weight</a> to certain ideas, incidents, or controversies</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit">help improve it</a> by rewriting it in a <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Balance" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">balanced fashion</a></b> that contextualizes different points of view.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In January, April, and November 2001, an academic conference on the legality of Japan's annexation of Korea from 1910 to 1945 (titled <i>A reconsideration of Japanese Annexation of Korea from the Historical and International Law Perspectives</i>) was held at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> with the support of the <a href="/wiki/Korea_Foundation" title="Korea Foundation">Korea Foundation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars of history and international law participated from South Korea, <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>, Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Canada.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Anthony Carty, a professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Derby" title="University of Derby">University of Derby</a>, stated, "During the height of the imperialism, it is difficult to find an international law sufficient to determine the legality/illegality of a particular treaty."<sup id="cite_ref-Kimura2002_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimura2002-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <i>Asian Yearbook of International Law</i>, in his book on international law, "Carty prefers seeing the relationship between Japan and Korea at the time with reference to the reality of the then international community dominated by Western powers, rather than viewing it in terms of treaty law as argued by Korean scholars".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alexis Dudden, a professor at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Connecticut" title="University of Connecticut">University of Connecticut</a>, discussed <a href="/wiki/Nitobe_Inaz%C5%8D" title="Nitobe Inazō">Nitobe Inazō</a>'s science of colonial policy. She is the author of <i>Japan's Colonization of Korea: Discourse and Power</i> in which she discusses how Japanese policymakers carefully studied and then invoked international law to annex Korea legally.<sup id="cite_ref-Kimura2002_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimura2002-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (August 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Kan_Kimura" title="Kan Kimura">Kan Kimura</a>, a major result of this conference is that the Korean claim that the annexation was illegal was rejected by the participating Western scholars, as well as others specializing in international law.<sup id="cite_ref-Kimura2002_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kimura2002-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activism">Activism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 28 August 2007, regarding the General Power of Attorney by Sunjong, Korean newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dong-a_Ilbo" class="mw-redirect" title="The Dong-a Ilbo">Dong-a Ilbo</a></i> reported that Korean monarchs did not sign in the official documents with their real names, traditionally, but the Korean Emperor was forced by Japan to follow a new custom to sign with his real name, which originated from the Western Hemisphere. It mentioned Sunjong's signature may be compulsory.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 June 2010, 75 South Korean congressmen suggested the legal nullification of the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty to the Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Naoto_Kan" title="Naoto Kan">Naoto Kan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 July 2010, Korean and Japanese progressive Christian groups gathered in Tokyo's Korean <a href="/wiki/YMCA" title="YMCA">YMCA</a> chapter and jointly declared that the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty was unjustified.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 28 July 2010, around 1000 intellectuals in Korea and Japan issued a joint statement that the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty was never valid in the first place.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/48px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, 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relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_territories_occupied_by_Imperial_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of territories occupied by Imperial Japan">List of territories occupied by Imperial Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Korea under Japanese rule</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-assim-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-assim_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-assim_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCaprio2009" class="citation book cs1">Caprio, Mark (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oj_IhRConN8C&pg=PA82"><i>Japanese Assimilation Policies in Colonial Korea, 1910–1945</i></a>. University of Washington Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">82–</span>83. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0295990408" title="Special:BookSources/978-0295990408"><bdi>978-0295990408</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japanese+Assimilation+Policies+in+Colonial+Korea%2C+1910%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E82-%3C%2Fspan%3E83&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0295990408&rft.aulast=Caprio&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Doj_IhRConN8C%26pg%3DPA82&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hook, Glenn D. (2001). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HZYARCHyP_AC&pg=PA491"></a></i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HZYARCHyP_AC&pg=PA491">Japan's International Relations: Politics, Economics, and Security,<i> p. 491. "</i>It is confirmed that all treaties or agreements concluded between the Empire of Japan and the Empire of Korea on or before August 22, 1910 are already null and void.<i>"</i></a>, p. 491, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKim1995" class="citation news cs1">Kim, Chasu (October 17, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newslibrary.naver.com/viewer/index.nhn?articleId=1995101700209102003&edtNo=45&printCount=1&publishDate=1995-10-17&officeId=00020&pageNo=2&printNo=22999&publishType=00010">"한일합방조약 원천무효"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dong-a_Ilbo" class="mw-redirect" title="The Dong-a Ilbo">The Dong-a Ilbo</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Dong-a+Ilbo&rft.atitle=%ED%95%9C%EC%9D%BC%ED%95%A9%EB%B0%A9%EC%A1%B0%EC%95%BD+%EC%9B%90%EC%B2%9C%EB%AC%B4%ED%9A%A8&rft.date=1995-10-17&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Chasu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewslibrary.naver.com%2Fviewer%2Findex.nhn%3FarticleId%3D1995101700209102003%26edtNo%3D45%26printCount%3D1%26publishDate%3D1995-10-17%26officeId%3D00020%26pageNo%3D2%26printNo%3D22999%26publishType%3D00010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChoi1997" class="citation news cs1">Choi, Soyoung (August 29, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newslibrary.naver.com/viewer/index.nhn?articleId=1997082900329125001&edtNo=45&printCount=1&publishDate=1997-08-29&officeId=00032&pageNo=25&printNo=16201&publishType=00010">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'경술국치' 이후 87년 구석구석 파고든 '왜색옷에 왜색춤'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kyunghyang_Shinmun" title="Kyunghyang Shinmun">Kyunghyang Shinmun</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyunghyang+Shinmun&rft.atitle=%27%EA%B2%BD%EC%88%A0%EA%B5%AD%EC%B9%98%27+%EC%9D%B4%ED%9B%84+87%EB%85%84+%EA%B5%AC%EC%84%9D%EA%B5%AC%EC%84%9D+%ED%8C%8C%EA%B3%A0%EB%93%A0+%27%EC%99%9C%EC%83%89%EC%98%B7%EC%97%90+%EC%99%9C%EC%83%89%EC%B6%A4%27&rft.date=1997-08-29&rft.aulast=Choi&rft.aufirst=Soyoung&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewslibrary.naver.com%2Fviewer%2Findex.nhn%3FarticleId%3D1997082900329125001%26edtNo%3D45%26printCount%3D1%26publishDate%3D1997-08-29%26officeId%3D00032%26pageNo%3D25%26printNo%3D16201%26publishType%3D00010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSang-woong1995" class="citation book cs1">Sang-woong, Kim (1995). <i>100 Years of Pro-Japanese Politics</i>. Seoul: 동풍. p. 67. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-89-86072-03-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-89-86072-03-7"><bdi>978-89-86072-03-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=100+Years+of+Pro-Japanese+Politics&rft.place=Seoul&rft.pages=67&rft.pub=%EB%8F%99%ED%92%8D&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-89-86072-03-7&rft.aulast=Sang-woong&rft.aufirst=Kim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTōgō2010" class="citation book cs1">Tōgō, Kazuhiko (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RVOri6moo8cC&pg=PA159"><i>Japan's Foreign Policy, 1945–2009: The Quest for a Proactive Policy</i></a>. Brill. p. 159. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004185012" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004185012"><bdi>978-9004185012</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japan%27s+Foreign+Policy%2C+1945%E2%80%932009%3A+The+Quest+for+a+Proactive+Policy&rft.pages=159&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-9004185012&rft.aulast=T%C5%8Dg%C5%8D&rft.aufirst=Kazuhiko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRVOri6moo8cC%26pg%3DPA159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928224938/http://www.kf.or.kr/eng/01_sks/sks_not_view.asp?BIZBASE=ALL&SearchText=&SearchValue=&Page=&BBS_NO=147">"A Reconsideration of the Japanese Annexation of Korea, Conference at Harvard University"</a>. <i>Korea Foundation</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kf.or.kr/eng/01_sks/sks_not_view.asp?BIZBASE=ALL&SearchText=&SearchValue=&Page=&BBS_NO=147">the original</a> on September 28, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Korea+Foundation&rft.atitle=A+Reconsideration+of+the+Japanese+Annexation+of+Korea%2C+Conference+at+Harvard+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kf.or.kr%2Feng%2F01_sks%2Fsks_not_view.asp%3FBIZBASE%3DALL%26SearchText%3D%26SearchValue%3D%26Page%3D%26BBS_NO%3D147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kimura2002-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kimura2002_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kimura2002_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kimura2002_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKimura2002" class="citation web cs1">Kimura, Kan (June 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180728090603/http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/repository/90000398.pdf#search=%27%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E6%B3%95%E7%9A%84%E8%A6%B3%E7%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%93%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%B5%E5%90%88%E5%86%8D%E6%A4%9C%E8%A8%8E%27">"第3回韓国併合再検討国際会議 : 「合法・違法」を超えて"</a> [Final Conference of "A Reconsideration of the Annexation of Korea": Transcend the "Legality / Illegality"] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/repository/90000398.pdf#search=%27%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E6%B3%95%E7%9A%84%E8%A6%B3%E7%82%B9%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E3%81%AE%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%AE%E9%9F%93%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%B5%E5%90%88%E5%86%8D%E6%A4%9C%E8%A8%8E%27">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 28, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 5,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%AC%AC3%E5%9B%9E%E9%9F%93%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%B5%E5%90%88%E5%86%8D%E6%A4%9C%E8%A8%8E%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E4%BC%9A%E8%AD%B0+%3A+%E3%80%8C%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E3%83%BB%E9%81%95%E6%B3%95%E3%80%8D%E3%82%92%E8%B6%85%E3%81%88%E3%81%A6&rft.date=2002-06&rft.aulast=Kimura&rft.aufirst=Kan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp%2Frepository%2F90000398.pdf%23search%3D%2527%25E6%25AD%25B4%25E5%258F%25B2%25E7%259A%2584%25E5%259B%25BD%25E9%259A%259B%25E6%25B3%2595%25E7%259A%2584%25E8%25A6%25B3%25E7%2582%25B9%25E3%2581%258B%25E3%2582%2589%25E3%2581%25AE%25E6%2597%25A5%25E6%259C%25AC%25E3%2581%25AE%25E9%259F%2593%25E5%259B%25BD%25E4%25BD%25B5%25E5%2590%2588%25E5%2586%258D%25E6%25A4%259C%25E8%25A8%258E%2527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBing_Bing_Jia2006" class="citation journal cs1">Bing Bing Jia (March 2006). "Asian Yearbook of International Law, Volume 10 (2001–2002)". <i>Chinese Journal of International Law</i>. <b>5</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">249–</span>250. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fchinesejil%2Fjml011">10.1093/chinesejil/jml011</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chinese+Journal+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=Asian+Yearbook+of+International+Law%2C+Volume+10+%282001%E2%80%932002%29&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E249-%3C%2Fspan%3E250&rft.date=2006-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fchinesejil%2Fjml011&rft.au=Bing+Bing+Jia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDudden2006" class="citation book cs1">Dudden, Alexis (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wisqvipZ2bcC"><i>Japan's Colonization of Korea: Discourse and Power</i></a>. University of Hawaii Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/082483139X" title="Special:BookSources/082483139X"><bdi>082483139X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japan%27s+Colonization+of+Korea%3A+Discourse+and+Power&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=082483139X&rft.aulast=Dudden&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwisqvipZ2bcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.naver.com/photo/read.php?mode=LTD&office_id=020&article_id=0000422739&section_id=103&view=all">"네이버 뉴스"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Naver" title="Naver">Naver</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Naver&rft.atitle=%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EB%B2%84+%EB%89%B4%EC%8A%A4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.naver.com%2Fphoto%2Fread.php%3Fmode%3DLTD%26office_id%3D020%26article_id%3D0000422739%26section_id%3D103%26view%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREF김_(Kim)2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">김 (Kim), 승욱 (Seung-uk) (June 23, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/politics/2010/06/23/0502000000AKR20100623068200001.HTML">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"한일병합 무효"..의원75명, 日총리에 건의 ("Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty Is Invalid".. Suggesting To The Japanese PM By 75 Congressmen)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yonhap_News_Agency" title="Yonhap News Agency">Yonhap News Agency</a></i> (in Korean)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yonhap+News+Agency&rft.atitle=%22%ED%95%9C%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%91%ED%95%A9+%EB%AC%B4%ED%9A%A8%22..%EC%9D%98%EC%9B%9075%EB%AA%85%2C+%E6%97%A5%EC%B4%9D%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%90+%EA%B1%B4%EC%9D%98+%28%22Japan%E2%80%93Korea+Annexation+Treaty+Is+Invalid%22..+Suggesting+To+The+Japanese+PM+By+75+Congressmen%29&rft.date=2010-06-23&rft.aulast=%EA%B9%80+%28Kim%29&rft.aufirst=%EC%8A%B9%EC%9A%B1+%28Seung-uk%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yonhapnews.co.kr%2Fpolitics%2F2010%2F06%2F23%2F0502000000AKR20100623068200001.HTML&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREF이_(Lee)2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">이 (Lee), 충원 (Chung-weon) (July 6, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/international/2010/07/06/0601010100AKR20100706222300073.HTML">"한.일 진보 기독교인 "한국 합병 부당" (Korean and Japanese Progressive Christians "Annexing Korea Was Unjustified")"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yonhap_News_Agency" title="Yonhap News Agency">Yonhap News Agency</a></i> (in Korean)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 13,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yonhap+News+Agency&rft.atitle=%ED%95%9C.%EC%9D%BC+%EC%A7%84%EB%B3%B4+%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%B8+%22%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD+%ED%95%A9%EB%B3%91+%EB%B6%80%EB%8B%B9%22+%28Korean+and+Japanese+Progressive+Christians+%22Annexing+Korea+Was+Unjustified%22%29&rft.date=2010-07-06&rft.aulast=%EC%9D%B4+%28Lee%29&rft.aufirst=%EC%B6%A9%EC%9B%90+%28Chung-weon%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yonhapnews.co.kr%2Finternational%2F2010%2F07%2F06%2F0601010100AKR20100706222300073.HTML&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREF이_(Lee)2010" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">이 (Lee), 충원 (Chung-weon) (July 28, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/international/2010/07/28/0601010100AKR20100728001800073.HTML">"韓日 지식인 1천명 "한국강제병합 원천무효" (1000 Korean and Japanese Scholars "Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty Is Originally Invalid")"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yonhap_News_Agency" title="Yonhap News Agency">Yonhap News Agency</a></i> (in Korean)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yonhap+News+Agency&rft.atitle=%E9%9F%93%E6%97%A5+%EC%A7%80%EC%8B%9D%EC%9D%B8+1%EC%B2%9C%EB%AA%85+%22%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%95%EC%A0%9C%EB%B3%91%ED%95%A9+%EC%9B%90%EC%B2%9C%EB%AC%B4%ED%9A%A8%22+%281000+Korean+and+Japanese+Scholars+%22Japan%E2%80%93Korea+Annexation+Treaty+Is+Originally+Invalid%22%29&rft.date=2010-07-28&rft.aulast=%EC%9D%B4+%28Lee%29&rft.aufirst=%EC%B6%A9%EC%9B%90+%28Chung-weon%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yonhapnews.co.kr%2Finternational%2F2010%2F07%2F28%2F0601010100AKR20100728001800073.HTML&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBeasley1991" class="citation book cs1">Beasley, W.G. (1991). <i>Japanese Imperialism 1894–1945</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-822168-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-822168-1"><bdi>0-19-822168-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japanese+Imperialism+1894%E2%80%931945&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-19-822168-1&rft.aulast=Beasley&rft.aufirst=W.G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDuus1998" class="citation book cs1">Duus, Peter (1998). <i>The Abacus and the Sword: The Japanese Penetration of Korea, 1895–1910</i>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-21361-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-21361-0"><bdi>0-520-21361-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Abacus+and+the+Sword%3A+The+Japanese+Penetration+of+Korea%2C+1895%E2%80%931910&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-520-21361-0&rft.aulast=Duus&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Korea+Treaty+of+1910" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Korean Mission to the Conference on the Limitation of Armament, Washington, D.C., 1921–1922. (1922). <i>Korea's Appeal to the Conference on Limitation of Armament.</i> Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12923609">OCLC 12923609</a></li> <li>United States. Dept. of State. (1919). <i>Catalogue of treaties: 1814–1918.</i> Washington: Government Printing Office. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3830508">OCLC 3830508</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1910&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Annexation_Treaty" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty">Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Japan-Korea_Annexation_Treaty" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty">Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Japan-Korea_Annexation_Treaty" class="extiw" title="s:Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty">Japan Korea Annexation Treaty of 1910</a> from Wikisource</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/ed20100829a1.html">"The annexation of Korea" (editorial) <i>Japan Times</i>, August 29, 2010</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asianews.it/news-en/Historic-declaration-by-Japanese-and-Korean-intellectuals-is-a-step-towards-reconciliation-18456.html">"Historic declaration by Japanese and Korean intellectuals is a step towards reconciliation"</a> <i>Asia News</i>, May 20, 2010</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Treaties_of_Japan261" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Treaties_of_Japan" title="Template:Treaties of Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Treaties_of_Japan" title="Template talk:Treaties of Japan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Treaties_of_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Treaties of Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Treaties_of_Japan261" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Treaties of Japan</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;"><a href="/wiki/Bakumatsu" title="Bakumatsu">Bakumatsu period</a><br />(1854–1868)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Kanagawa" title="Convention of Kanagawa">Japan-US Treaty of Peace and Amity (1854)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_Friendship_Treaty" title="Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty">Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty (1854)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Shimoda" title="Treaty of Shimoda">Treaty of Shimoda (1855)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch-Japan_Treaty_of_Peace_and_Amity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dutch-Japan Treaty of Peace and Amity (page does not exist)">Dutch-Japan Treaty of Peace and Amity (1854)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%98%AD%E5%92%8C%E8%A6%AA%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:日蘭和親条約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-US_Additional_Treaty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-US Additional Treaty (page does not exist)">Japan-US Additional Treaty (1855)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Netherlands_Additional_Treaty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Netherlands Additional Treaty (page does not exist)">Japan-Netherlands Additional Treaty (1856)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%98%AD%E8%BF%BD%E5%8A%A0%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:日蘭追加条約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Russia_Additional_Treaty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Russia Additional Treaty (page does not exist)">Japan-Russia Additional Treaty (1858)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_(United_States%E2%80%93Japan)" title="Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan)">Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan) (1859)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_between_Russia_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Russia and Japan (page does not exist)">Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Russia and Japan (1859)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce" title="Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce">Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce (1858)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1858_Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_between_the_Netherlands_and_Japan" title="1858 Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the Netherlands and Japan">Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the Netherlands and Japan (1858)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_between_France_and_Japan" title="Treaty of Amity and Commerce between France and Japan">Treaty of Amity and Commerce between France and Japan (1858)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Peace,_Amity_and_Commerce_between_Portugal_and_Japan_(1860)" title="Treaty of Peace, Amity and Commerce between Portugal and Japan (1860)">Treaty of Peace, Amity and Commerce between Portugal and Japan (1860)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_between_Prussia_and_Japan_(1861)" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Prussia and Japan (1861)">Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Prussia and Japan (1861)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Protocol_(1862)" title="London Protocol (1862)">London Protocol (1862)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_of_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Agreement of Paris">Agreement of Paris (1864)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%AA%E7%B4%84%E5%AE%9A" class="extiw" title="ja:パリ約定">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_between_Belgium_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Belgium and Japan (page does not exist)">Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Belgium and Japan (1866)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_between_Italy_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Italy and Japan (page does not exist)">Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Italy and Japan (1866)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russo-Japanese_Provisional_Treaty_of_Karafuto_Island_(1867)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russo-Japanese Provisional Treaty of Karafuto Island (1867) (page does not exist)">Russo-Japanese Provisional Treaty of Karafuto Island (1867)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;"><a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a><br />(1868–1912)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Friendship,_Commerce_and_Navigation_between_Spain_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Spain and Japan (page does not exist)">Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Spain and Japan (1868)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Friendship,_Commerce_and_Navigation_between_Austria-Hungary_and_Japan" title="Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Austria-Hungary and Japan">Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Austria-Hungary and Japan (1869)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Japanese_Friendship_and_Trade_Treaty" title="Sino-Japanese Friendship and Trade Treaty">Sino-Japanese Friendship and Trade Treaty (1871)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Amity_and_Commerce_between_Hawaii_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Hawaii and Japan (page does not exist)">Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Hawaii and Japan (1871)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Friendship,_Commerce_and_Navigation_between_Peru_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Peru and Japan (page does not exist)">Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Peru and Japan (1873)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Engagement_between_Japan_and_China_respecting_Formosa_of_1874&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Engagement between Japan and China respecting Formosa of 1874 (page does not exist)">Engagement between Japan and China respecting Formosa of 1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint_Petersburg_(1875)" title="Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)">Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1876" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=US-Japanese_Convention_Revising_Certain_Portions_of_Existing_Commercial_Treaties_(1878)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="US-Japanese Convention Revising Certain Portions of Existing Commercial Treaties (1878) (page does not exist)">US-Japanese Convention Revising Certain Portions of Existing Commercial Treaties (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1882" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1882">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1882</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Hawaii_Labor_Immigration_Treaty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Hawaii Labor Immigration Treaty (page does not exist)">Japan-Hawaii Labor Immigration Treaty (1884)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1885" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1885">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Tientsin" title="Convention of Tientsin">Convention of Tientsin (1885)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Declaration_of_Amity_and_Commerce_between_Thailand_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Declaration of Amity and Commerce between Thailand and Japan (page does not exist)">Declaration of Amity and Commerce between Thailand and Japan (1887)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Friendship_and_Commerce_between_Mexico_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Friendship and Commerce between Mexico and Japan (page does not exist)">Treaty of Friendship and Commerce between Mexico and Japan (1888)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation" title="Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation">Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1894)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation_between_Japan_and_the_USA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and the USA (page does not exist)">Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and the USA (1894)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Italo-Japanese_Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Italo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (page does not exist)">Italo–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1894)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Shimonoseki" title="Treaty of Shimonoseki">Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Brazil_Treaty_of_Amity,_Commerce_and_Navigation_(1895)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Brazil Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation (1895) (page does not exist)">Japan-Brazil Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation (1895)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E4%BC%AF%E4%BF%AE%E5%A5%BD%E9%80%9A%E5%95%86%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:日伯修好通商航海条約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_for_returning_Fengtian_Peninsula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty for returning Fengtian Peninsula (page does not exist)">Treaty for returning Fengtian Peninsula (1895)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%BC%E6%9D%B1%E9%82%84%E4%BB%98%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:遼東還付条約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=German-Japanese_Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (page does not exist)">German–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komura-Weber_Memorandum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komura-Weber Memorandum (page does not exist)">Komura-Weber Memorandum (1896)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamagata%E2%80%93Lobanov_Agreement" title="Yamagata–Lobanov Agreement">Yamagata–Lobanov Agreement (1896)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-China_Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-China Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (page does not exist)">Japan–China Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%B8%85%E9%80%9A%E5%95%86%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:日清通商航海条約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franco-Japanese_Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franco-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (page does not exist)">Franco–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Netherlands_Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Netherlands Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (page does not exist)">Japan–Netherlands Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Friendship,_Commerce_and_Navigation_between_Chile_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Chile and Japan (page does not exist)">Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Chile and Japan (1897)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Friendship,_Commerce_and_Navigation_between_Argentina_and_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Argentina and Japan (page does not exist)">Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Argentina and Japan (1898)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishi%E2%80%93Rosen_Agreement" title="Nishi–Rosen Agreement">Nishi–Rosen Agreement (1898)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Thailand_Friendship,_Commerce_and_Navigation_Treaty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Thailand Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Treaty (page does not exist)">Japan-Thailand Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Treaty (1898)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Greece_Treaty_of_Friendship,_Commerce_and_Navigation_(1899)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Greece Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation (1899) (page does not exist)">Japan-Greece Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation (1899)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_Protocol" title="Boxer Protocol">Boxer Protocol (1901)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_Alliance" title="Anglo-Japanese Alliance">Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-China_Additional_Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-China Additional Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (page does not exist)">Japan-China Additional Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1903)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%B8%85%E8%BF%BD%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9A%E5%95%86%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:日清追加通商航海条約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1904" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1904">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Agreement_of_August_1904" title="Japan–Korea Agreement of August 1904">Japan–Korea Agreement of August 1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Portsmouth" title="Treaty of Portsmouth">Treaty of Portsmouth (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft%E2%80%93Katsura_agreement" title="Taft–Katsura agreement">Taft–Katsura agreement (1905)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1905" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Additional_Agreement_of_the_Japan-China_Treaty_relating_to_Manchuria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Additional Agreement of the Japan-China Treaty relating to Manchuria (page does not exist)">Additional Agreement of the Japan-China Treaty relating to Manchuria (1905)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%BA%80%E6%B4%B2%E5%96%84%E5%BE%8C%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:満洲善後条約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_Agreement_of_1907" title="Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907">Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Japanese_Treaty_of_1907" title="Franco-Japanese Treaty of 1907">Franco-Japanese Treaty of 1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1907" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Russia_Secret_Agreements" title="Japan–Russia Secret Agreements">Japan–Russia Secret Agreements (1907–1916)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Root%E2%80%93Takahira_Agreement" title="Root–Takahira Agreement">Root–Takahira Agreement (1908)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-China_Agreement_relating_to_Manchuria_and_Jiandao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-China Agreement relating to Manchuria and Jiandao (page does not exist)">Japan-China Agreement relating to Manchuria and Jiandao (1909)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%94%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:日清協約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation_between_Japan_and_the_USA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and the USA (page does not exist)">Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and the USA (1911)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation" title="Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation">Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1911)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Pacific_Fur_Seal_Convention_of_1911" title="North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911">North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;"><a href="/wiki/Japan_during_World_War_I" title="Japan during World War I">World War I</a>–<a href="/wiki/Japan_during_World_War_II" title="Japan during World War II">II</a><br />(1913–1945)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-One_Demands" title="Twenty-One Demands">Japan-China Treaty of 1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansing%E2%80%93Ishii_Agreement" title="Lansing–Ishii Agreement">Lansing–Ishii Agreement (1917)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Japanese_Joint_Defence_Agreement" title="Sino-Japanese Joint Defence Agreement">Sino-Japanese Joint Defence Agreement (1918)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Treaty of Versailles (1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covenant_of_the_League_of_Nations" title="Covenant of the League of Nations">Covenant of the League of Nations (1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Saint-Germain-en-Laye_(1919)" title="Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)">Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Neuilly-sur-Seine" title="Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine">Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine (1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svalbard_Treaty" title="Svalbard Treaty">Svalbard Treaty (1920)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gongota_Agreement_of_1920" title="Gongota Agreement of 1920">Gongota Agreement of 1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_S%C3%A8vres" title="Treaty of Sèvres">Treaty of Sèvres (1920)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Trianon" title="Treaty of Trianon">Treaty of Trianon (1920)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-Power_Treaty" title="Four-Power Treaty">Four-Power Treaty (1921)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine-Power_Treaty" title="Nine-Power Treaty">Nine-Power Treaty (1922)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_concerning_solution_of_Shandong_issues&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty concerning solution of Shandong issues (page does not exist)">Treaty concerning solution of Shandong issues (1922)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1%E6%87%B8%E6%A1%88%E8%A7%A3%E6%B1%BA%E3%81%AB%E9%96%A2%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:山東懸案解決に関する条約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Naval_Treaty" title="Washington Naval Treaty">Washington Naval Treaty (1922)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Lausanne" title="Treaty of Lausanne">Treaty of Lausanne (1923)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaip%C4%97da_Convention" title="Klaipėda Convention">Klaipėda Convention (1924)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Japanese_Basic_Convention" title="Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention">Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention (1925)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=German-Japanese_Treaty_of_Commerce_and_Navigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (page does not exist)">German–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1927)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellogg%E2%80%93Briand_Pact" title="Kellogg–Briand Pact">Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-China_Customs_Agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-China Customs Agreement (page does not exist)">Japan-China Customs Agreement (1930)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Naval_Treaty" title="London Naval Treaty">London Naval Treaty (1930)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Ceasefire_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Shanghai Ceasefire Agreement">Shanghai Ceasefire Agreement (1932)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Manchukuo_Protocol" title="Japan–Manchukuo Protocol">Japan-Manchukuo Protocol (1932)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanggu_Truce" title="Tanggu Truce">Tanggu Truce (1933)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=India-Japan_Agreement_of_1934&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="India-Japan Agreement of 1934 (page does not exist)">India-Japan Agreement of 1934</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Manchuria_Railway_Cession_Agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Manchuria Railway Cession Agreement (page does not exist)">Japan-Manchukuo-Soviet Protocol for Cession of North Manchuria Railway (1935)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%BA%80%E9%89%84%E9%81%93%E8%AE%93%E6%B8%A1%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A" class="extiw" title="ja:北満鉄道讓渡協定">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He%E2%80%93Umezu_Agreement" title="He–Umezu Agreement">He–Umezu Agreement (1935)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chin%E2%80%93Doihara_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Chin–Doihara Agreement">Chin-Doihara Agreement (1935)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canada-Japan_New_Trade_Agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canada-Japan New Trade Agreement (page does not exist)">Canada-Japan New Trade Agreement (1935)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Netherlands_Shipping_Agreement_(1936)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Netherlands Shipping Agreement (1936) (page does not exist)">Japan-Netherlands Shipping Agreement (1936)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Comintern_Pact" title="Anti-Comintern Pact">Anti-Comintern Pact (1936)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hart-Ishizawa_Agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hart-Ishizawa Agreement (page does not exist)">Hart-Ishizawa Agreement (1937)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=India-Japan_Agreement_of_1937&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="India-Japan Agreement of 1937 (page does not exist)">India-Japan Agreement of 1937</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Van_Mook-Kotani_Agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Van Mook-Kotani Agreement (page does not exist)">Van Mook-Kotani Agreement (1938)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arita%E2%80%93Craigie_Agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arita–Craigie Agreement (page does not exist)">Arita-Craigie Agreement (1939)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Pact" title="Tripartite Pact">Tripartite Pact (1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-China_Basic_Relations_Treaty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-China Basic Relations Treaty (page does not exist)">Japan-China Basic Relations Treaty (1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Manchukuo-China_Joint_Declaration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Manchukuo-China Joint Declaration (page does not exist)">Japan-Manchukuo-China Joint Declaration (1940)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%BA%80%E8%8F%AF%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" class="extiw" title="ja:日満華共同宣言">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_between_Thailand_and_Japan_(1940)" title="Treaty between Thailand and Japan (1940)">Treaty between Thailand and Japan (1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Japanese_Neutrality_Pact" title="Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact">Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Thailand_Offensive_and_Defensive_Alliance_Treaty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Thailand Offensive and Defensive Alliance Treaty (page does not exist)">Japan-Thailand Offensive and Defensive Alliance Treaty (1941)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%B3%B0%E6%94%BB%E5%AE%88%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E6%9D%A1%E7%B4%84" class="extiw" title="ja:日泰攻守同盟条約">ja</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Instrument_of_Surrender" title="Japanese Instrument of Surrender">Japanese Instrument of Surrender (1945)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;">During the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a><br />(1945–1989)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Security_Treaty_between_the_United_States_and_Japan" title="Security Treaty between the United States and Japan">Security Treaty between the United States and Japan (1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco (1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Taipei" title="Treaty of Taipei">Treaty of Taipei (1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Peace_Between_Japan_and_India" title="Treaty of Peace Between Japan and India">Treaty of Peace between Japan and India (1952)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Peace_Between_Japan_and_Burma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Peace Between Japan and Burma (page does not exist)">Treaty of Peace between Japan and Burma (1954)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Philippines_Reparations_Agreement_(1956)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan–Philippines Reparations Agreement (1956) (page does not exist)">Japan–Philippines Reparations Agreement (1956)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Japanese_Joint_Declaration_of_1956" title="Soviet–Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956">Soviet–Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Treaty_of_Peace_Between_Japan_and_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Treaty of Peace Between Japan and Indonesia (page does not exist)">Treaty of Peace between Japan and Indonesia (1958)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93South_Vietnam_Reparations_Agreement_(1959)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan–South Vietnam Reparations Agreement (1959) (page does not exist)">Japan–South Vietnam Reparations Agreement (1959)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Mutual_Cooperation_and_Security_between_the_United_States_and_Japan" title="Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan">Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan (1960)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Japan_Status_of_Forces_Agreement" title="U.S.–Japan Status of Forces Agreement">U.S.–Japan Status of Forces Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Convention" title="Tokyo Convention">Tokyo Convention (1963)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_Basic_Relations_Between_Japan_and_the_Republic_of_Korea" title="Treaty on Basic Relations Between Japan and the Republic of Korea">Treaty on Basic Relations Between Japan and the Republic of Korea (1965)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogasawara_Reversion_Agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ogasawara Reversion Agreement (page does not exist)">Ogasawara Reversion Agreement (1968)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Okinawa_Reversion_Agreement" title="1971 Okinawa Reversion Agreement">Okinawa Reversion Agreement (1971)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93China_Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9" title="Japan–China Joint Communiqué">Japan–China Joint Communiqué (1972)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-North_Vietnam_Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-North Vietnam Joint Communiqué (page does not exist)">Japan-North Vietnam Joint Communiqué (1973)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-China_Trade_Agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-China Trade Agreement (page does not exist)">Japan–China Trade Agreement (1974)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic_Treaty_of_Friendship_and_Cooperation" title="Basic Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation">Basic Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation (1976)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Mongolia_Agreement_on_Economic_Cooperation_(1977)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Mongolia Agreement on Economic Cooperation (1977) (page does not exist)">Japan-Mongolia Agreement on Economic Cooperation (1977)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Peace_and_Friendship_between_Japan_and_China" title="Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and China">Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and China (1978)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;">Post-<a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a><br />(1989–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=US-Japanese_Fishery_Agreement_(1991)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="US-Japanese Fishery Agreement (1991) (page does not exist)">US-Japanese Fishery Agreement (1991)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Korean-Japanese_Agreement_on_Cooperation_in_the_Field_of_Environmental_Protection_(1993)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Korean-Japanese Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection (1993) (page does not exist)">South Korean-Japanese Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection (1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Protocol" title="Kyoto Protocol">Kyoto Protocol (1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSOMIA" title="GSOMIA">Japan-Korea GSOMIA (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian-Japanese_Security_Treaty_(2022)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Australian-Japanese Security Treaty (2022) (page does not exist)">Australian-Japanese Security Treaty (2022)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan-Israel_Defense_Agreement_(2022)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan-Israel Defense Agreement (2022) (page does not exist)">Japan-Israel Defense Agreement (2022)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American%E2%80%93Japanese%E2%80%93Korean_trilateral_pact" title="American–Japanese–Korean trilateral pact">American–Japanese–Korean trilateral pact (2023)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Korean_signers_of_the_Japan–Korea_treaties_of_1905–1910547" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Korean_signers_of_the_Japan%E2%80%93Korea_treaties_of_1905%E2%80%931910" title="Template:Korean signers of the Japan–Korea treaties of 1905–1910"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Korean_signers_of_the_Japan%E2%80%93Korea_treaties_of_1905%E2%80%931910" title="Template talk:Korean signers of the Japan–Korea treaties of 1905–1910"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Korean_signers_of_the_Japan%E2%80%93Korea_treaties_of_1905%E2%80%931910" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Korean signers of the Japan–Korea treaties of 1905–1910"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Korean_signers_of_the_Japan–Korea_treaties_of_1905–1910547" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Korean signers of the Japan–Korea treaties of 1905–1910</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Signers of treaties that resulted in <a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Korea under Japanese rule</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Five_Eulsa_Traitors" title="Five Eulsa Traitors">Five Eulsa Traitors</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1905" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gwon_Jung-hyeon_(politician)" title="Gwon Jung-hyeon (politician)">Gwon Jung-hyeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Wan-yong" title="Lee Wan-yong">Lee Wan-yong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pak_Chesoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Pak Chesoon">Pak Chesoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_Geun-taek" title="Yi Geun-taek">Yi Geun-taek</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I_Chi-yong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I Chi-yong (page does not exist)">I Chi-yong</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%80%EC%9A%A9" class="extiw" title="ko:이지용">ko</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seven_Jeongmi_Traitors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seven Jeongmi Traitors (page does not exist)">Seven Jeongmi Traitors</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EB%AF%B8%EC%B9%A0%EC%A0%81" class="extiw" title="ko:정미칠적">ko</a>]</span><br /> (<a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1907" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cho_Chung-ung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cho Chung-ung (page does not exist)">Cho Chung-ŭng</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A4%91%EC%9D%91" class="extiw" title="ko:조중응">ko</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Im_S%C5%8Fn-chun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Im Sŏn-chun (page does not exist)">Im Sŏn-chun</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%84%EC%84%A0%EC%A4%80" class="extiw" title="ko:임선준">ko</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ko_Yong-hui_(politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ko Yong-hui (politician) (page does not exist)">Ko Yŏng-hŭi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%98%81%ED%9D%AC_(%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EA%B7%80%EC%A1%B1)" class="extiw" title="ko:고영희 (조선귀족)">ko</a>]</span></li> <li>Lee Wan-yong</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Byeong-jun" title="Song Byeong-jun">Song Byeong-jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_Byeong-mu" title="Yi Byeong-mu">Yi Byeong-mu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yi_Chae-kon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yi Chae-kon (page does not exist)">Yi Chae-kon</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%9E%AC%EA%B3%A4_(%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EA%B7%80%EC%A1%B1)" class="extiw" title="ko:이재곤 (조선귀족)">ko</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Traitors_of_Gyeongsul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Traitors of Gyeongsul (page does not exist)">National Traitors of Gyeongsul</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EC%88%A0%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%81" class="extiw" title="ko:경술국적">ko</a>]</span><br />(<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Cho Chung-ŭng</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cho_Min-hui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cho Min-hui (page does not exist)">Cho Min-hŭi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EB%AF%BC%ED%9D%AC_(1859%EB%85%84)" class="extiw" title="ko:조민희 (1859년)">ko</a>]</span></li> <li>Ko Yŏng-hŭi</li> <li>Lee Wan-yong</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Min_Pyong-sok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Min Pyong-sok (page does not exist)">Min Pyŏng-sŏk</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EB%B3%91%EC%84%9D" class="extiw" title="ko:민병석">ko</a>]</span></li> <li>Pak Chesoon</li> <li>Yi Byeong-mu</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yun_Tok-yong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yun Tok-yong (page does not exist)">Yun Tŏk-yŏng</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A4%EB%8D%95%EC%98%81" class="extiw" title="ko:윤덕영">ko</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_relations_(1814–1919)105" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Great_Power_diplomacy" title="Template:Great Power diplomacy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Great_Power_diplomacy" title="Template talk:Great Power diplomacy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Great_Power_diplomacy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Great Power diplomacy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_relations_(1814–1919)105" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_relations_(1814%E2%80%931919)" title="International relations (1814–1919)">International relations (1814–1919)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Great powers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_(1865%E2%80%931917)" title="History of the United States (1865–1917)">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alliances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triple_Alliance_(1882)" title="Triple Alliance (1882)">Triple Alliance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dual_Alliance_(1879)" title="Dual Alliance (1879)">Dual Alliance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_Entente" title="Triple Entente">Triple Entente</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Russian_Alliance" title="Franco-Russian Alliance">Franco-Russian Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entente_Cordiale" title="Entente Cordiale">Entente Cordiale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Russian_Convention" title="Anglo-Russian Convention">Anglo-Russian Convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_Alliance" title="Anglo-Japanese Alliance">Anglo-Japanese Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_the_Three_Emperors" title="League of the Three Emperors">League of the Three Emperors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-Nation_Alliance" title="Eight-Nation Alliance">Eight-Nation Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_League" title="Balkan League">Balkan League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trends</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_balance_of_power" title="European balance of power">European balance of power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decline_and_modernization_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire">Ottoman decline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_question" title="Eastern question">Eastern question</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rise_of_nationalism_in_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Rise of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire">Spread of nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_public_debt" title="Ottoman public debt">Sovereign debt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French%E2%80%93German_enmity" title="French–German enmity">French–German enmity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revanchism" title="Revanchism">Revanchism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_Britannica" title="Pax Britannica">Pax Britannica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Imperialism" title="New Imperialism">New Imperialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa" title="Scramble for Africa">Scramble for Africa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Lever" title="Egyptian Lever">Egyptian Lever</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_imperialism_in_Asia" title="Western imperialism in Asia">In Asia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Game" title="Great Game">Great Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scramble_for_China" title="Scramble for China">Scramble for China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Door_Policy" title="Open Door Policy">Open Door Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Slavism" title="Pan-Slavism">Pan-Slavism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Rapprochement" title="Great Rapprochement">Great Rapprochement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Industrial_Revolution" title="Second Industrial Revolution">Second Industrial Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_warfare" title="Industrial warfare">Industrial warfare</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treaties and<br />agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles_(1871)" title="Treaty of Versailles (1871)">Treaty of Versailles (1871)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Frankfurt_(1871)" title="Treaty of Frankfurt (1871)">Treaty of Frankfurt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Berlin_(1878)" title="Treaty of Berlin (1878)">Treaty of Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinsurance_Treaty" title="Reinsurance Treaty">Reinsurance Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1898)" title="Treaty of Paris (1898)">Treaty of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bj%C3%B6rk%C3%B6" title="Treaty of Björkö">Treaty of Björkö</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taft%E2%80%93Katsura_agreement" title="Taft–Katsura agreement">Taft–Katsura agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_Conventions_of_1899_and_1907" title="Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907">Hague Conventions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martens_Clause" title="Martens Clause">Martens Clause</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Treaty_of_1905" title="Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905">Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racconigi_Bargain" title="Racconigi Bargain">Racconigi agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Franco-Russian_agreement" title="1917 Franco-Russian agreement">1917 Franco-Russian agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Moldavia_and_Wallachia" title="Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia">Formation of Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Germany" title="Unification of Germany">Unification of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Italy" title="Unification of Italy">Unification of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Eastern_Crisis" title="Great Eastern Crisis">Great Eastern Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Berlin" title="Congress of Berlin">Congress of Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Conference" title="Berlin Conference">Berlin Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronstadt%E2%80%93Toulon_naval_visits" title="Kronstadt–Toulon naval visits">Kronstadt–Toulon naval visits</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weltpolitik" title="Weltpolitik">Weltpolitik</a></i></li> <li>Naval arms races <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-German_naval_arms_race" title="Anglo-German naval arms race">Anglo-German</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dreadnought" title="Dreadnought">Dreadnought</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Naval_Laws" title="German Naval Laws">German Naval Laws</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Italian_ironclad_arms_race" title="Austro-Italian ironclad arms race">Austro-Italian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashoda_Incident" title="Fashoda Incident">Fashoda Incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Hawaii" title="Territory of Hawaii">Annexation of Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_crisis_of_1902%E2%80%931903" title="Venezuelan crisis of 1902–1903">Venezuela Naval Blockade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_boundary_dispute" title="Alaska boundary dispute">Alaska boundary dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Moroccan_Crisis" title="First Moroccan Crisis">First Moroccan Crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeciras_Conference" title="Algeciras Conference">Algeciras Conference</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agadir_Crisis" title="Agadir Crisis">Agadir Crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Fes" title="Treaty of Fes">Treaty of Fes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Crisis" title="Bosnian Crisis">Bosnian Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_Crisis" title="July Crisis">July Crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Egyptian_War" title="Anglo-Egyptian War">Anglo-Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">First Sino-Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_Wars" title="Banana Wars">Banana Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War" title="Philippine–American War">Philippine–American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion" title="Boxer Rebellion">Boxer Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo-Turkish_War" title="Italo-Turkish War">Italo-Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Wars" title="Balkan Wars">Balkan Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Balkan_War" title="First Balkan War">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Balkan_War" title="Second Balkan War">Second</a></li> <li>Albanian Revolts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1910" title="Albanian revolt of 1910">First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malissori_uprising" title="Malissori uprising">Second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_revolt_of_1912" title="Albanian revolt of 1912">Third</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style 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