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id="toc-Sierra_Club_and_piano_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Photographic_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Photographic_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Photographic career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Photographic_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Photographic career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Photographic_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1920s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1920s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 1920s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1920s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pictorialism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pictorialism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.1 Pictorialism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pictorialism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monolith" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monolith"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.2 Monolith </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monolith-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1930s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1930s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 1930s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1930s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pure_photography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pure_photography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Pure photography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pure_photography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sierra_Nevada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sierra_Nevada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 Sierra Nevada </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sierra_Nevada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Desert_Southwest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Desert_Southwest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.3 Desert Southwest </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Desert_Southwest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1940s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1940s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 1940s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1940s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mural_Project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mural_Project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 Mural Project </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mural_Project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moonrise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moonrise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2 Moonrise </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moonrise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.3 World War II </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1950s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1950s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 1950s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1950s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Later career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Later_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Later career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Later_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Death_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Death and legacy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contributions_and_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contributions_and_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Contributions and influence </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Contributions_and_influence-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Contributions and influence subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Contributions_and_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Landscapes_of_the_American_West" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landscapes_of_the_American_West"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Landscapes of the American West </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landscapes_of_the_American_West-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Group_f/64" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Group_f/64"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Group f/64 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Group_f/64-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Zone_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Zone_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 The Zone System </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Zone_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Photography_department_at_MoMA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Photography_department_at_MoMA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Photography department at MoMA </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Photography_department_at_MoMA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_protection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_protection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Environmental protection </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_protection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Awards and honors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Photographs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Photographs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Photographs </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Photographs-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Photographs subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Photographs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Color_images" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Color_images"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Color images </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Color_images-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_photographs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_photographs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Notable photographs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_photographs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Published_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Published_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Published works </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Published_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Camera_equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Camera_equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Camera equipment </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Camera_equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Explanatory notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_and_cited_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_and_cited_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 General and cited references </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_and_cited_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Further reading </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Further reading subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biographies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biographies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Biographies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biographies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Photographic_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Photographic_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Photographic books </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Photographic_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Young_adult_and_children's_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Young_adult_and_children's_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.3 Young adult and children's books </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Young_adult_and_children's_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documentaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documentaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.4 Documentaries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documentaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Ansel Adams</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" > 54 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B2" title="أنسل آدمز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنسل آدمز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BB_%CE%86%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%82" title="Άνσελ Άνταμς – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άνσελ Άνταμς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2" title="انسل آدامز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انسل آدامز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%A4%EC%84%A4_%EC%95%A0%EB%8D%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="앤설 애덤스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="앤설 애덤스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D4%B1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%BD" title="Անսել Ադամս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անսել Ադամս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%A1" title="אנסל אדמס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנסל אדמס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ანსელ ადამსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანსელ ადამსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansels_Adamss" title="Ansels Adamss – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ansels Adamss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Ансел Адамс – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ансел Адамс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ആൻസൽ ആഡംസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആൻസൽ ആഡംസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B2" title="انسل آدمز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انسل آدمز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%80%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B9" title="アンセル・アダムス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アンセル・アダムス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B2" title="انسل آدامز – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="انسل آدامز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81,_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Адамс, Энсел – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Адамс, Энсел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Easton_Adams" title="Ansel Easton Adams – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ansel Easton Adams" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Easton_Adams" title="Ansel Easton Adams – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ansel Easton Adams" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Ансел Адамс – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ансел Адамс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="అన్సెల్ ఆడమ్స్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అన్సెల్ ఆడమ్స్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" title="Ansel Adams – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ansel Adams" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Ансель Адамс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ансель Адамс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American photographer and environmentalist (1902–1984)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ansel Adams</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_and_camera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A photo of a bearded Ansel Adams with a camera on a tripod and a light meter in his hand. Adams is wearing a dark jacket and a white shirt, and the open shirt collar is spread over the lapel of his jacket. He is holding a cable release for the camera, and there is a rocky hillside behind him. The photo was taken by J. Malcolm Greany and first appeared in the 1950 Yosemite Field School Yearbook." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ansel_Adams_and_camera.jpg/220px-Ansel_Adams_and_camera.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ansel_Adams_and_camera.jpg/330px-Ansel_Adams_and_camera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Ansel_Adams_and_camera.jpg/440px-Ansel_Adams_and_camera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3003" data-file-height="3799" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Adams <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1950</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Ansel Easton Adams</div> (1902-02-20)February 20, 1902 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 22, 1984(1984-04-22) (aged 82) <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Monterey,_California" title="Monterey, California">Monterey, California</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label">Ashes placed on the summit of Mount Ansel Adams in California's Ansel Adams Wilderness area<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Photography and conservationism</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Movement</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Group_f/64" title="Group f/64">Group f/64</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Virginia Rose Best</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1928)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> 1980 </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elected</th><td class="infobox-data org">Board of Directors, <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Patron(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Albert_M._Bender" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert M. Bender">Albert M. Bender</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Memorial(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams_Wilderness" title="Ansel Adams Wilderness">Ansel Adams Wilderness</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Ansel_Adams" title="Mount Ansel Adams">Mount Ansel Adams</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anseladams.org">anseladams.org</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anseladams.com">anseladams.com</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Ansel Easton Adams (February 20, 1902 – April 22, 1984) was an American <a href="/wiki/Landscape_photographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Landscape photographer">landscape photographer</a> and environmentalist known for his <a href="/wiki/Monochrome_photography" title="Monochrome photography">black-and-white images</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_West" class="mw-redirect" title="American West">American West</a>. He helped found <a href="/wiki/Group_f/64" title="Group f/64">Group f/64</a>, an association of photographers advocating "pure" photography which favored <a href="/wiki/Deep_focus" title="Deep focus">sharp focus</a> and the use of the full <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_range#Photography" title="Dynamic range">tonal range of a photograph</a>. He and <a href="/wiki/Fred_R._Archer" title="Fred R. Archer">Fred Archer</a> developed a system of image-making called the <a href="/wiki/Zone_System" title="Zone System">Zone System</a>, a method of achieving a desired final print through a technical understanding of how the tonal range of an image is the result of choices made in <a href="/wiki/Exposure_(photography)" title="Exposure (photography)">exposure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Negative_(photography)" title="Negative (photography)">negative</a> development, and <a href="/wiki/Photographic_printing" title="Photographic printing">printing</a>. Adams was a life-long advocate for <a href="/wiki/Nature_conservation" title="Nature conservation">environmental conservation</a>, and his photographic practice was deeply entwined with this advocacy. At age 14, he was given his first camera during his first visit to <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_National_Park" title="Yosemite National Park">Yosemite National Park</a>. He developed his early photographic work as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club" title="Sierra Club">Sierra Club</a>. He was later contracted with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a> to make photographs of national parks. For his work and his persistent advocacy, which helped expand the National Park system, he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> in 1980. Adams was a key advisor in the founding and establishment of the photography department at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a> in New York, an important landmark in securing photography's institutional legitimacy. He helped to stage that department's first photography exhibition, helped found the photography magazine <a href="/wiki/Aperture_(magazine)" title="Aperture (magazine)">Aperture</a>, and co-founded the <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Creative_Photography" title="Center for Creative Photography">Center for Creative Photography</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arizona" title="University of Arizona">University of Arizona</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birth">Birth</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Birth">edit</a>]</div> Adams was born in the <a href="/wiki/Fillmore_District,_San_Francisco" title="Fillmore District, San Francisco">Fillmore District of San Francisco</a>, the only child of Charles Hitchcock Adams and Olive Bray. He was named after his uncle, Ansel Easton. His mother's family came from <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, where his maternal grandfather had a successful freight-hauling business but lost his wealth investing in failed mining and real estate ventures in Nevada.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder19854-2">[2]</a> The Adams family came from New England, having migrated from the north of Ireland during the early 19th century. His paternal grandfather founded a very prosperous lumber business that his father later managed. Later in life, Adams condemned the industry his grandfather worked in for cutting down many of the <a href="/wiki/Sequoia_sempervirens" title="Sequoia sempervirens">redwood forests</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder19964-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_childhood">Early childhood</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early childhood">edit</a>]</div> One of Adams's earliest memories was watching the smoke from the fires caused by the <a href="/wiki/1906_San_Francisco_earthquake" title="1906 San Francisco earthquake">1906 San Francisco earthquake</a>. Then four years old, Adams was uninjured in the initial shaking but was tossed face-first into a garden wall during an <a href="/wiki/Aftershock" title="Aftershock">aftershock</a> three hours later, breaking and scarring his nose. A doctor recommended that his nose be reset once he reached maturity, but it remained crooked and necessitated <a href="/wiki/Mouth_breathing" title="Mouth breathing">mouth breathing</a> for the rest of his life.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder19962-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club_2008a-5">[5]</a> In 1907, his family moved 2 miles (3 km) west to a new home near the <a href="/wiki/Sea_Cliff,_San_Francisco" title="Sea Cliff, San Francisco">Seacliff</a> neighborhood of San Francisco, just south of the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio Army Base</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> The home had a "splendid view" of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate" title="Golden Gate">Golden Gate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Marin_Headlands" title="Marin Headlands">Marin Headlands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder19966-7">[7]</a> Adams was a <a href="/wiki/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder#ADHD-PH" title="Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder">hyperactive</a> child and prone to frequent sickness and <a href="/wiki/Hypochondriasis" title="Hypochondriasis">hypochondria</a>. He had few friends, but his family home and surroundings on the heights facing the Golden Gate provided ample childhood activities. He had little patience for games or sports; but he enjoyed the <a href="/wiki/Nature#Aesthetics_and_beauty" title="Nature">beauty of nature</a> from an early age, collecting bugs and exploring <a href="/wiki/Lobos_Creek" title="Lobos Creek">Lobos Creek</a> all the way to <a href="/wiki/Baker_Beach" title="Baker Beach">Baker Beach</a> and the sea cliffs leading to <a href="/wiki/Lands_End,_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Lands End, San Francisco">Lands End</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder19966-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198514-8">[8]</a> "San Francisco's wildest and rockiest coast, a place strewn with shipwrecks and rife with landslides."<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_education">Early education</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early education">edit</a>]</div> Adams's father had a three-inch telescope, and they enthusiastically shared the hobby of astronomy, visiting the <a href="/wiki/Lick_Observatory" title="Lick Observatory">Lick Observatory</a> on <a href="/wiki/Mount_Hamilton_(California)" title="Mount Hamilton (California)">Mount Hamilton</a> together. His father later served as the paid secretary-treasurer of the <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_Society_of_the_Pacific" title="Astronomical Society of the Pacific">Astronomical Society of the Pacific</a>, from 1925 to 1950.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Charles Adams's business suffered large financial losses after the death of his father in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/Panic_of_1907" title="Panic of 1907">Panic of 1907</a>. Some of the loss was due to his uncle Ansel Easton and <a href="/wiki/Cedric_Wright" title="Cedric Wright">Cedric Wright</a>'s father George secretly having sold their shares of the company, "knowingly providing the controlling interest" to the <a href="/wiki/Big_Five_(Hawaii)" title="Big Five (Hawaii)">Hawaiian Sugar Trust</a> for a large amount of money.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198540-11">[11]</a> By 1912, the family's <a href="/wiki/Standard_of_living" title="Standard of living">standard of living</a> had dropped sharply.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder19969-12">[12]</a> Adams was dismissed from several private schools for being restless and inattentive, so when he was 12, his father decided to remove him from school. For the next two years he was educated by private tutors, his aunt Mary, and his father. Mary was a devotee of <a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Ingersoll" title="Robert G. Ingersoll">Robert G. Ingersoll</a>, a 19th-century agnostic and <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage" title="Women's suffrage">women's suffrage</a> advocate, so Ingersoll's teachings were important to his upbringing.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199611-13">[13]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Pacific_International_Exposition" title="Panama–Pacific International Exposition">Panama–Pacific International Exposition</a> in 1915, his father insisted that he spend part of each day studying the exhibits as part of his education.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198518-14">[14]</a> He eventually resumed, and completed, his formal education by attending the Mrs. Kate M. Wilkins Private School, graduating from the eighth grade on June 8, 1917. During his later years, he displayed his diploma in the guest bathroom of his home.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996276-15">[15]</a> His father raised him to follow the ideas of <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Ralph Waldo Emerson</a>: to live a modest, moral life guided by a social responsibility to man and nature.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199611-13">[13]</a> Adams had a loving relationship with his father, but he had a distant relationship with his mother, who did not approve of his interest in photography.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199652-16">[16]</a> The day after her death in 1950, Ansel had a dispute with the undertaker when choosing the casket in which to bury her. He chose the cheapest in the room, a $260 coffin that seemed the least he could purchase without doing the job himself. The undertaker remarked, "Have you no respect for the dead?" Adams replied, "One more crack like that and I will take Mama elsewhere."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198545-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Youth">Youth</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Youth">edit</a>]</div> Adams became interested in playing the piano at age 12 after hearing his 16-year-old neighbor <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cowell" title="Henry Cowell">Henry Cowell</a> play on the Adams' piano, and he taught himself to play and read music.<a href="#cite_note-Turnage_2018-18">[18]</a> Cowell, who later became a well-known avant-garde composer, gave Adams some lessons.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHammondAdams20023-19">[19]</a> Over the next decade,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHammondAdams20024-20">[20]</a> three music teachers pushed him to develop technique and discipline, and he became determined to pursue a career as a classical pianist.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199611-13">[13]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photography_during_the_First_World_War_MH29845_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Photography_during_the_First_World_War_MH29845_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Photography_during_the_First_World_War_MH29845_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Photography_during_the_First_World_War_MH29845_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Photography_during_the_First_World_War_MH29845_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Photography_during_the_First_World_War_MH29845_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Photography_during_the_First_World_War_MH29845_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Brownie" title="Kodak Brownie">Kodak No 1 Brownie Model B box camera</a>, the first camera that Adams was given at age 14 while on a family trip to <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_National_Park" title="Yosemite National Park">Yosemite National Park</a>, California in 1916<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198553-21">[21]</a></figcaption></figure> Adams first visited Yosemite National Park in 1916 with his family.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> He wrote of his first view of the valley: "the splendor of Yosemite burst upon us and it was glorious.... One wonder after another descended upon us.... There was light everywhere.... A new era began for me." His father gave him his first camera during that stay, an <a href="/wiki/Eastman_Kodak" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastman Kodak">Eastman Kodak</a> <a href="/wiki/Brownie_(camera)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brownie (camera)">Brownie box camera</a>, and he took his first photographs with his "usual hyperactive enthusiasm".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198553-21">[21]</a> He returned to Yosemite on his own the next year with better cameras and a tripod. During the winters of 1917 and 1918, he learned basic darkroom technique while working part-time for a San Francisco photograph finisher.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199636-23">[23]</a> Adams contracted the Spanish flu during the <a href="/wiki/1918_flu_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="1918 flu pandemic">1918 flu pandemic</a>, from which he needed several weeks to recuperate. He read a book about lepers and became obsessed with cleanliness; he was afraid to touch anything without immediately washing his hands afterwards. Over the objections of his doctor, he prevailed on his parents to take him back to Yosemite, and the visit cured him of his disease and compulsions.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198554–55-24">[24]</a> Adams avidly read photography magazines, attended camera club meetings, and went to photography and art exhibits. He explored the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Nevada_(U.S.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sierra Nevada (U.S.)">High Sierra</a> during summer and winter with retired geologist and amateur ornithologist Francis Holman, whom he called "Uncle Frank". Holman taught him camping and climbing; however, their shared ignorance of safe climbing techniques such as <a href="/wiki/Belaying" title="Belaying">belaying</a> almost led to disaster on more than one occasion.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199623-25">[25]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Best_studio_Yosemite_1920s.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Best_studio_Yosemite_1920s.gif/220px-Best_studio_Yosemite_1920s.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/Best_studio_Yosemite_1920s.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="285" data-file-height="166" /></a><figcaption>Harry Best standing in front of his studio, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1922–1925<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></figcaption></figure> While in Yosemite, Adams had need of a piano to practice on. A ranger introduced him to landscape painter Harry Best, who kept a studio home in Yosemite and lived there during the summers. Best allowed Adams to practice on his old <a href="/wiki/Square_piano" title="Square piano">square piano</a>. Adams grew interested in Best's daughter Virginia and later married her.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpaulding199842–43-27">[27]</a> On her father's death in 1936, Virginia inherited the studio and continued to operate it until 1971. The studio is now known as the Ansel Adams Gallery and remains owned by the Adams family.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sierra_Club_and_piano_work">Sierra Club and piano work</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sierra Club and piano work">edit</a>]</div> At age 17, Adams joined the Sierra Club,<a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club_2010-29">[29]</a> a group dedicated to protecting the wild places of the earth, and he was hired as the summer caretaker of the Sierra Club visitor facility in Yosemite Valley, the <a href="/wiki/LeConte_Memorial_Lodge" title="LeConte Memorial Lodge">LeConte Memorial Lodge</a>, from 1920 to 1923.<a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club_2010-29">[29]</a> He remained a member throughout his lifetime and served as a director, as did his wife. He was first elected to the Sierra Club's board of directors in 1934 and served on the board for 37 years.<a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club_2008a-5">[5]</a> Adams participated in the club's annual <a href="/wiki/High_Trips" title="High Trips">High Trips</a>, later becoming assistant manager and official photographer for the trips.<a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club_2008a-5">[5]</a> He is credited with several <a href="/wiki/First_ascent" title="First ascent">first ascents</a> in the Sierra Nevada.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> During his twenties, most of his friends had musical associations, particularly violinist and amateur photographer <a href="/wiki/Cedric_Wright" title="Cedric Wright">Cedric Wright</a>, who became his best friend as well as his philosophical and cultural mentor. Their shared philosophy was from <a href="/wiki/Edward_Carpenter" title="Edward Carpenter">Edward Carpenter</a>'s Towards Democracy, a literary work which endorsed the pursuit of beauty in life and art. For several years, Adams carried a pocket edition with him while at Yosemite;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199647-31">[31]</a> and it became his personal philosophy as well. He later stated, "I believe in beauty. I believe in stones and water, air and soil, people and their future and their fate."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder19859-32">[32]</a> During summer, Adams would enjoy a life of hiking, camping, and photographing; and the rest of the year he worked to improve his piano playing, perfecting his piano technique and musical expression. He also gave piano lessons for extra income that allowed him to purchase a grand piano suitable to his musical ambitions.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198527-33">[33]</a> Adams was still planning a career in music. He felt that his small hands limited his repertoire,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198528-34">[34]</a> but qualified judges considered him a gifted pianist.<a href="#cite_note-Szarkowski_2018-35">[35]</a> However, when he formed the Milanvi Trio with a violinist and a dancer, he proved a poor accompanist.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199648-36">[36]</a> It took seven more years for him to conclude that, at best, he might become only a concert pianist of limited range, an accompanist, or a piano teacher.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198527-33">[33]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Photographic_career">Photographic career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Photographic career">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1920s">1920s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1920s">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pictorialism">Pictorialism</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Pictorialism">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lodgepole_Pines_photo_by_Ansel_Adams.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Lodgepole_Pines_photo_by_Ansel_Adams.jpg/220px-Lodgepole_Pines_photo_by_Ansel_Adams.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Lodgepole_Pines_photo_by_Ansel_Adams.jpg/330px-Lodgepole_Pines_photo_by_Ansel_Adams.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Lodgepole_Pines_photo_by_Ansel_Adams.jpg/440px-Lodgepole_Pines_photo_by_Ansel_Adams.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1879" data-file-height="1477" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lodgepole_Pines,_Lyell_Fork_of_the_Merced_River" title="Lodgepole Pines, Lyell Fork of the Merced River">Lodgepole Pines, Lyell Fork of the Merced River</a>, Yosemite National Park (1921)<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></figcaption></figure> Adams's first photographs were published in 1921, and Best's Studio began selling his Yosemite prints the next year. His early photos already showed careful composition and sensitivity to tonal balance. In letters and cards to family, he wrote of having dared to climb to the best viewpoints and to brave the worst elements.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinderStillmanAdamsStegner19883-38">[38]</a> During the mid-1920s, the fashion in photography was <a href="/wiki/Pictorialism" title="Pictorialism">pictorialism</a>, which strove to imitate paintings with soft focus, diffused light, and other techniques.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199632-39">[39]</a> Adams experimented with such techniques, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Oil_print_process#Bromoil_process" title="Oil print process">bromoil process</a>, which involved brushing an oily ink onto the paper.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199633-40">[40]</a> An example is <a href="/wiki/Lodgepole_Pines,_Lyell_Fork_of_the_Merced_River" title="Lodgepole Pines, Lyell Fork of the Merced River">Lodgepole Pines, Lyell Fork of the Merced River</a>, Yosemite National Park (originally named Tamarack Pine), taken in 1921. Adams used a soft-focus lens, "capturing a glowing luminosity that captured the mood of a magical summer afternoon".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_4-41">[41]</a> For a short time Adams used hand-coloring, but declared in 1923 that he would do this no longer.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199634–35-42">[42]</a> By 1925 he had rejected pictorialism altogether for a more realistic approach that relied on sharp focus, heightened contrast, precise exposure, and darkroom craftsmanship.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199638–42-43">[43]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Monolith">Monolith</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Monolith">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel-adams-monolith-the-face-of-half-dome_-_edit1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Ansel-adams-monolith-the-face-of-half-dome_-_edit1.jpg/220px-Ansel-adams-monolith-the-face-of-half-dome_-_edit1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Ansel-adams-monolith-the-face-of-half-dome_-_edit1.jpg/330px-Ansel-adams-monolith-the-face-of-half-dome_-_edit1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Ansel-adams-monolith-the-face-of-half-dome_-_edit1.jpg/440px-Ansel-adams-monolith-the-face-of-half-dome_-_edit1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2317" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Monolith,_the_Face_of_Half_Dome" title="Monolith, the Face of Half Dome">Monolith, the Face of Half Dome</a>, Yosemite National Park, California (1927)<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></figcaption></figure> In 1927, Adams began working with <a href="/wiki/Albert_M._Bender" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert M. Bender">Albert M. Bender</a>, a San Francisco insurance magnate and arts patron. Bender helped Adams produce his first portfolio in his new style, <a href="/wiki/Parmelian_Prints_of_the_High_Sierras" title="Parmelian Prints of the High Sierras">Parmelian Prints of the High Sierras</a>, which included his famous image <a href="/wiki/Monolith,_the_Face_of_Half_Dome" title="Monolith, the Face of Half Dome">Monolith, the Face of Half Dome</a>, which was taken with his Korona <a href="/wiki/View_camera" title="View camera">view camera</a>, using glass plates and a dark red filter (to heighten the tonal contrasts). On that excursion, he had only one plate left, and he "visualized" the effect of the blackened sky before risking the last image. He later said, "I had been able to realize a desired image: not the way the subject appeared in reality but how it felt to me and how it must appear in the finished print."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198576-45">[45]</a> One biographer calls Monolith Adams's most significant photograph because the "extreme manipulation of tonal values" was a departure from all previous photography. Adams's concept of visualization, which he first defined in print in 1934, became a core principle in his photography.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199653-46">[46]</a> Adams's first portfolio was a success, earning nearly $3,900 with the sponsorship and promotion of Bender. Soon he received commercial assignments to photograph the wealthy patrons who bought his portfolio.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199662-47">[47]</a> He also began to understand how important it was that his carefully crafted photos were reproduced to best effect. At Bender's invitation, he joined the <a href="/wiki/Roxburghe_Club" title="Roxburghe Club">Roxburghe Club</a>, an association devoted to fine printing and high standards in book arts. He learned much about printing techniques, inks, design, and layout, which he later applied to other projects.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199668-48">[48]</a> Adams married Virginia Best in 1928, after a pause from 1925 to 1926 during which he had brief relationships with various women. The newlyweds moved in with his parents to save expenses.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199648,_56-49">[49]</a> The following year, they had a home built next door and connected it to the older house by a hallway.<a href="#cite_note-Bevk_2013-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1930s">1930s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1930s">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pure_photography">Pure photography</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Pure photography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams-Half_Dome,_Apple_Orchard,_Yosemite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ansel_Adams-Half_Dome%2C_Apple_Orchard%2C_Yosemite.jpg/220px-Ansel_Adams-Half_Dome%2C_Apple_Orchard%2C_Yosemite.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ansel_Adams-Half_Dome%2C_Apple_Orchard%2C_Yosemite.jpg/330px-Ansel_Adams-Half_Dome%2C_Apple_Orchard%2C_Yosemite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ansel_Adams-Half_Dome%2C_Apple_Orchard%2C_Yosemite.jpg/440px-Ansel_Adams-Half_Dome%2C_Apple_Orchard%2C_Yosemite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1533" /></a><figcaption>An apple orchard at <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_National_Park" title="Yosemite National Park">Yosemite</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Half_Dome" title="Half Dome">Half Dome</a> (1931)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E23_levels_adj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A black-and-white close-up photograph of palmate, conifer, and small fern-like leaves overlapping, all visibly damp. One slightly larger and brighter palmate leaf rests in the upper foreground, covering all but one third of the photograph." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E23_levels_adj.jpg/220px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E23_levels_adj.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E23_levels_adj.jpg/330px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E23_levels_adj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E23_levels_adj.jpg/440px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E23_levels_adj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2639" /></a><figcaption>Close-up of leaves In Glacier National Park (1942)<a href="#cite_note-National_Archives_2017-51">[51]</a></figcaption></figure> Between 1929 and 1942, Adams's work matured, and he became more established. The 1930s were a particularly experimental and productive time for him. He expanded the technical range of his works, emphasizing detailed close-ups as well as large forms, from mountains to factories.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> Bender took Adams on visits to <a href="/wiki/Taos,_New_Mexico" title="Taos, New Mexico">Taos, New Mexico</a>, where Adams met and made friends with the poet <a href="/wiki/Robinson_Jeffers" title="Robinson Jeffers">Robinson Jeffers</a>, artists <a href="/wiki/John_Marin" title="John Marin">John Marin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Georgia_O%27Keeffe" title="Georgia O'Keeffe">Georgia O'Keeffe</a>, and photographer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Strand" title="Paul Strand">Paul Strand</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Russell_1984-53">[53]</a> His talkative, high-spirited nature combined with his excellent piano playing made him popular among his artist friends.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199673–74-54">[54]</a> His first book, <a href="/wiki/Taos_Pueblo_(book)" title="Taos Pueblo (book)">Taos Pueblo</a>, was published in 1930 with text by writer <a href="/wiki/Mary_Hunter_Austin" title="Mary Hunter Austin">Mary Hunter Austin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Russell_1984-53">[53]</a> Strand proved especially influential. Adams was impressed by the simplicity and detail of Strand's negatives, which showed a style that ran counter to the soft-focus, impressionistic pictorialism still popular at the time.<a href="#cite_note-Morgan_2018-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Strand shared secrets of his technique with Adams and convinced him to pursue photography fully.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpaulding199882-57">[57]</a> One of Strand's suggestions that Adams adopted was to use glossy paper to intensify tonal values.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199668-48">[48]</a> Adams put on his first solo museum exhibition, Pictorial Photographs of the Sierra Nevada Mountains by Ansel Adams, at the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a> in 1931; it featured 60 prints taken in the High Sierra and the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Rockies" title="Canadian Rockies">Canadian Rockies</a>. He received a favorable review from the Washington Post: "His photographs are like portraits of the giant peaks, which seem to be inhabited by mythical gods."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199677-58">[58]</a> Despite his success, Adams felt that he was not yet up to the standards of Strand. He decided to broaden his subject matter to include still life and close-up photos and to achieve higher quality by "visualizing" each image before taking it. He emphasized the use of small apertures and long exposures in natural light, which created sharp details with a wide range of distances in focus, as demonstrated in Rose and Driftwood (1933),<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> one of his finest still-life photographs.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199667–69-60">[60]</a> In 1932, Adams had a group show at the <a href="/wiki/M._H._de_Young_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="M. H. de Young Museum">M. H. de Young Museum</a> with <a href="/wiki/Imogen_Cunningham" title="Imogen Cunningham">Imogen Cunningham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Weston" title="Edward Weston">Edward Weston</a>, and they soon formed Group f/64 which espoused "pure or <a href="/wiki/Straight_photography" title="Straight photography">straight photography</a>" over pictorialism (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1207775266">.mw-parser-output span.fnumber,.mw-parser-output .fnumber-fallback{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;width:max-content}.mw-parser-output span.fnumber::first-letter,.mw-parser-output .fnumber-fallback .first-letter{font-style:italic;font-family:Trebuchet MS,Candara,Georgia,Calibri,Corbel,serif}</style><a href="/wiki/F-number" title="F-number">f/64</a> being a very small <a href="/wiki/Aperture" title="Aperture">aperture</a> setting that gives great <a href="/wiki/Depth_of_field" title="Depth of field">depth of field</a>). The group's manifesto stated: "Pure photography is defined as possessing no qualities of technique, composition or idea, derivative of any other art form."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199687-61">[61]</a> Imitating the example of photographer <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Stieglitz" title="Alfred Stieglitz">Alfred Stieglitz</a>, Adams opened his own art and photography gallery in San Francisco in 1933.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985115-62">[62]</a> He also began to publish essays in photography magazines and wrote his first instructional book, Making a Photograph, in 1935.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996114-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sierra_Nevada">Sierra Nevada</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sierra Nevada">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22Coloseum_Mountain,_Kings_River_Canyon_(Proposed_as_a_national_park),%22_California,_1936.,_ca._1936_-_NARA_-_519933.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/%22Coloseum_Mountain%2C_Kings_River_Canyon_%28Proposed_as_a_national_park%29%2C%22_California%2C_1936.%2C_ca._1936_-_NARA_-_519933.tif/lossy-page1-220px-%22Coloseum_Mountain%2C_Kings_River_Canyon_%28Proposed_as_a_national_park%29%2C%22_California%2C_1936.%2C_ca._1936_-_NARA_-_519933.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/%22Coloseum_Mountain%2C_Kings_River_Canyon_%28Proposed_as_a_national_park%29%2C%22_California%2C_1936.%2C_ca._1936_-_NARA_-_519933.tif/lossy-page1-330px-%22Coloseum_Mountain%2C_Kings_River_Canyon_%28Proposed_as_a_national_park%29%2C%22_California%2C_1936.%2C_ca._1936_-_NARA_-_519933.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/%22Coloseum_Mountain%2C_Kings_River_Canyon_%28Proposed_as_a_national_park%29%2C%22_California%2C_1936.%2C_ca._1936_-_NARA_-_519933.tif/lossy-page1-440px-%22Coloseum_Mountain%2C_Kings_River_Canyon_%28Proposed_as_a_national_park%29%2C%22_California%2C_1936.%2C_ca._1936_-_NARA_-_519933.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1519" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Colosseum_Mountain" title="Colosseum Mountain">Coloseum Mountain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kings_Canyon_National_Park" title="Kings Canyon National Park">Kings River Canyon</a>, California (1936)</figcaption></figure> During the summers, Adams often participated in Sierra Club High Trips outings, as a paid photographer for the group; and the rest of the year a core group of Club members socialized regularly in San Francisco and Berkeley. In 1933, his first child Michael was born, followed by Anne two years later.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996102-64">[64]</a> During the 1930s, Adams began to deploy his photographs in the cause of wilderness preservation. He was inspired partly by the increasing incursion into Yosemite Valley of commercial development, including a pool hall, bowling alley, golf course, shops, and automobile traffic. He created the limited-edition book Sierra Nevada: The John Muir Trail in 1938, as part of the Sierra Club's efforts to secure the designation of <a href="/wiki/Kings_Canyon_National_Park" title="Kings Canyon National Park">Kings Canyon</a> as a national park. This book and his testimony before Congress played a vital role in the success of that effort, and Congress designated Kings Canyon as a national park in 1940.<a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_7-66">[66]</a> In 1935, Adams created many new photographs of the Sierra Nevada; and one of his most famous, <a href="/wiki/Clearing_Winter_Storm,_Yosemite_National_Park" title="Clearing Winter Storm, Yosemite National Park">Clearing Winter Storm</a>,<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> depicted the entire <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_Valley" title="Yosemite Valley">Yosemite Valley</a>, just as a winter storm abated, leaving a fresh coat of snow. He gathered his recent work and had a solo show at Stieglitz's "An American Place" gallery in New York in 1936. The exhibition proved successful with both the critics and the buying public, and earned Adams strong praise from the revered Stieglitz.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996120-68">[68]</a> The following year, the negative for Clearing Winter Storm was almost destroyed when the darkroom in Yosemite caught fire. With the help of Edward Weston and <a href="/wiki/Charis_Wilson" title="Charis Wilson">Charis Wilson</a> (Weston's future wife), Adams put out the fire, but thousands of negatives, including hundreds that had never been printed, were lost.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996123–124-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[note 1]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Desert_Southwest">Desert Southwest</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Desert Southwest">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Georgia_O%27Keeffe_and_Orville_Cox,_1937.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A black and white photograph shows Georgia O'Keeffe and Orville Cox wearing hats with the sky and clouds behind them." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cd/Georgia_O%27Keeffe_and_Orville_Cox%2C_1937.jpg/220px-Georgia_O%27Keeffe_and_Orville_Cox%2C_1937.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cd/Georgia_O%27Keeffe_and_Orville_Cox%2C_1937.jpg/330px-Georgia_O%27Keeffe_and_Orville_Cox%2C_1937.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/cd/Georgia_O%27Keeffe_and_Orville_Cox%2C_1937.jpg 2x" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="279" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Georgia_O%27Keeffe" title="Georgia O'Keeffe">Georgia O'Keeffe</a> and Orville Cox, <a href="/wiki/Canyon_de_Chelly_National_Monument" title="Canyon de Chelly National Monument">Canyon de Chelly National Monument</a>, Arizona (1937)<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> </figcaption></figure> In 1937, Adams, O'Keeffe, and friends organized a month-long camping trip in Arizona, with Orville Cox, the head wrangler at <a href="/wiki/Ghost_Ranch" title="Ghost Ranch">Ghost Ranch</a>, as their guide. Both artists created new work during this trip. Adams made a candid portrait of O'Keeffe with Cox on the rim of <a href="/wiki/Canyon_de_Chelly" class="mw-redirect" title="Canyon de Chelly">Canyon de Chelly</a>. Adams once remarked, "Some of my best photographs have been made in and on the rim of [that] canyon."<a href="#cite_note-Bohnacker_2013-75">[74]</a> Their works set in the desert Southwest are often published and exhibited together.<a href="#cite_note-Bohnacker_2013-75">[74]</a> During the rest of the 1930s, Adams took on many commercial assignments to supplement the income from the struggling Best's Studio. He depended on such assignments financially until the 1970s. Some of his clients included Kodak, Fortune magazine, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, AT&T, and the American Trust Company.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996158-76">[75]</a> He photographed <a href="/wiki/Timothy_L._Pflueger" title="Timothy L. Pflueger">Timothy L. Pflueger</a>'s new Patent Leather Bar for the <a href="/wiki/St._Francis_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Francis Hotel">St. Francis Hotel</a> in 1939.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a> The same year, he was named an editor of <a href="/wiki/U.S._Camera_%26_Travel" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Camera & Travel">U.S. Camera & Travel</a>, the most popular photography magazine at that time.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996158-76">[75]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1940s">1940s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1940s">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_Personnel_File_Photograph_-_NARA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ansel_Adams_-_Personnel_File_Photograph_-_NARA.jpg/220px-Ansel_Adams_-_Personnel_File_Photograph_-_NARA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ansel_Adams_-_Personnel_File_Photograph_-_NARA.jpg/330px-Ansel_Adams_-_Personnel_File_Photograph_-_NARA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Ansel_Adams_-_Personnel_File_Photograph_-_NARA.jpg/440px-Ansel_Adams_-_Personnel_File_Photograph_-_NARA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="931" /></a><figcaption>Adams <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1941<a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a></figcaption></figure> In 1940, Adams created A Pageant of Photography, the largest and most important photography show in the West to date, attended by millions of visitors.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996159-79">[78]</a> With his wife, Adams completed a children's book and the very successful Illustrated Guide to Yosemite Valley during 1940 and 1941. He also taught photography by giving workshops in Detroit. Adams also began his first serious stint of teaching, which included the training of military photographers, in 1941 at the Art Center School of Los Angeles, now known as the <a href="/wiki/Art_Center_College_of_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Art Center College of Design">Art Center College of Design</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985312-80">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mural_Project">Mural Project</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Mural Project">edit</a>]</div> In 1941, Adams contracted with the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> to make photographs of National Parks, Indian reservations, and other locations managed by the department, for use as mural-sized prints to decorate the department's new building.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> The contract was for 180 days. Adams set off on a road trip with his friend Cedric and his son Michael, intending to combine work on the "Mural Project" with commissions for the U.S. Potash Company and Standard Oil, with some days reserved for personal work.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_13-82">[81]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 226px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 224px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-T02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-T02.jpg/336px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-T02.jpg" decoding="async" width="224" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-T02.jpg/503px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-T02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-T02.jpg/671px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-T02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2415" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 143.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 141.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-J02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-J02.jpg/212px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-J02.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-J02.jpg/318px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-J02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-J02.jpg/424px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-J02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2354" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 245.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 243.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E09.jpg/365px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E09.jpg" decoding="async" width="244" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E09.jpg/548px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E09.jpg/731px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-E09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2218" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 254.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 252.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-02.jpg/379px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-02.jpg" decoding="async" width="253" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-02.jpg/568px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-02.jpg/758px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2138" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 248.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 246.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-P05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-P05.jpg/370px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-P05.jpg" decoding="async" width="247" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-P05.jpg/554px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-P05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-P05.jpg/739px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-P05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2192" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 240px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 238px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-M17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-M17.jpg/357px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-M17.jpg" decoding="async" width="238" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-M17.jpg/536px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-M17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-M17.jpg/714px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-M17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2268" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 247.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 245.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-H03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-H03.jpg/368px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-H03.jpg" decoding="async" width="246" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-H03.jpg/552px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-H03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-H03.jpg/736px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-H03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2203" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 144px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 142px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-G03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-G03.jpg/213px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-G03.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-G03.jpg/320px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-G03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-G03.jpg/426px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-G03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2369" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 243.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 241.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q04.jpg/362px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q04.jpg" decoding="async" width="242" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q04.jpg/543px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q04.jpg/724px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2238" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 135.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 133.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-N04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-N04.jpg/200px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-N04.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-N04.jpg/300px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-N04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-N04.jpg/400px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-N04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2222" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 128px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 126px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_Old_Faithful_Geyser_Erupting_in_Yellowstone_National_Park_-_NARA_-_519994.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Photograph_of_Old_Faithful_Geyser_Erupting_in_Yellowstone_National_Park_-_NARA_-_519994.jpg/189px-Photograph_of_Old_Faithful_Geyser_Erupting_in_Yellowstone_National_Park_-_NARA_-_519994.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Photograph_of_Old_Faithful_Geyser_Erupting_in_Yellowstone_National_Park_-_NARA_-_519994.jpg/283px-Photograph_of_Old_Faithful_Geyser_Erupting_in_Yellowstone_National_Park_-_NARA_-_519994.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Photograph_of_Old_Faithful_Geyser_Erupting_in_Yellowstone_National_Park_-_NARA_-_519994.jpg/378px-Photograph_of_Old_Faithful_Geyser_Erupting_in_Yellowstone_National_Park_-_NARA_-_519994.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1399" data-file-height="2000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-W15.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-W15.jpg/196px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-W15.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-W15.jpg/293px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-W15.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-W15.jpg/391px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-W15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2174" data-file-height="3000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 136.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 134.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q01_restored.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q01_restored.jpg/202px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q01_restored.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q01_restored.jpg/303px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q01_restored.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q01_restored.jpg/404px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AA-Q01_restored.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2215" data-file-height="2958" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Moonrise">Moonrise</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Moonrise">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moonrise,_Hernandez,_New_Mexico.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Moonrise%2C_Hernandez%2C_New_Mexico.jpg/220px-Moonrise%2C_Hernandez%2C_New_Mexico.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Moonrise%2C_Hernandez%2C_New_Mexico.jpg/330px-Moonrise%2C_Hernandez%2C_New_Mexico.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Moonrise%2C_Hernandez%2C_New_Mexico.jpg/440px-Moonrise%2C_Hernandez%2C_New_Mexico.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1609" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Moonrise,_Hernandez,_New_Mexico" title="Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico">Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico</a> (1941)</figcaption></figure> While in New Mexico for the project, Adams photographed a scene of the Moon rising above a modest village with snow-covered mountains in the background, under a dominating black sky. The photograph is one of his most famous and is named <a href="/wiki/Moonrise,_Hernandez,_New_Mexico" title="Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico">Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico</a>. Adams's description in his later books of how it was made probably enhanced the photograph's fame: the light on the crosses in the foreground was rapidly fading, and he could not find his exposure meter; however, he remembered the <a href="/wiki/Luminance" title="Luminance">luminance</a> of the Moon and used it to calculate the proper exposure.<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198540–43,_273–275-84">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[note 2]</a> In the resulting negative the foreground was underexposed, the highlights in the clouds were quite dense, and the negative proved difficult to print.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198542-87">[85]</a> The initial publication of Moonrise was in U.S. Camera 1943 annual, after being selected by the "photo judge" for U.S. Camera, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Steichen" title="Edward Steichen">Edward Steichen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996192-88">[86]</a> This gave Moonrise an audience before its first formal exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in 1944.<a href="#cite_note-89">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996193-90">[88]</a> Over nearly 40 years, Adams re-interpreted the image, his most popular by far,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985275-91">[89]</a> using the latest darkroom equipment at his disposal, making over 1,369 unique prints, mostly in 16" by 20" format.<a href="#cite_note-92">[90]</a> Many of the prints were made during the 1970s, with their sale finally giving Adams financial independence from commercial projects. The total value of these original prints exceeds $25,000,000;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996189–199-93">[91]</a> the highest price paid for a single print of Moonrise reached $609,600 at a 2006 Sotheby's auction in New York.<a href="#cite_note-94">[92]</a> The Mural Project ended on June 30, 1942; and because of the World War, the murals were never created. Adams sent a total of 225 small prints to the DOI, but held on to the 229 negatives. These include many famous images such as <a href="/wiki/The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River" title="The Tetons and the Snake River">The Tetons and the Snake River</a>. Although they were legally the property of the U.S. Government, he knew that the National Archives did not take proper care of photographic material, and used various subterfuges to evade queries.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_13-82">[81]</a> The ownership of one image in particular has attracted interest: Moonrise. Although Adams kept meticulous records of his travel and expenses,<a href="#cite_note-95">[93]</a> he was less disciplined about recording the dates of his images, and he neglected to note the date of Moonrise. But the position of the Moon allowed the image to be eventually dated from astronomical calculations, and in 1991 Dennis di Cicco of <a href="/wiki/Sky_%26_Telescope" title="Sky & Telescope">Sky & Telescope</a> determined that Moonrise was made on November 1, 1941.<a href="#cite_note-98">[note 3]</a> Since this was a day for which he had not billed the department, the image belonged to Adams.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996201-99">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="World_War_II">World War II</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: World War II">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_Farm_workers_and_Mt._Williamson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A black-and-white photograph shows farm workers with Mt. Williamson in background." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ansel_Adams_-_Farm_workers_and_Mt._Williamson.jpg/220px-Ansel_Adams_-_Farm_workers_and_Mt._Williamson.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ansel_Adams_-_Farm_workers_and_Mt._Williamson.jpg/330px-Ansel_Adams_-_Farm_workers_and_Mt._Williamson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Ansel_Adams_-_Farm_workers_and_Mt._Williamson.jpg/440px-Ansel_Adams_-_Farm_workers_and_Mt._Williamson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Farm, farm workers, <a href="/wiki/Mount_Williamson" title="Mount Williamson">Mt. Williamson</a> in background, Manzanar Relocation Center, California (1943)<a href="#cite_note-100">[97]</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baton-practice-Manzanar-Adams.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A black-and-white photography shows a smiling woman from below twirling batons with the sun behind her." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Baton-practice-Manzanar-Adams.jpeg/220px-Baton-practice-Manzanar-Adams.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Baton-practice-Manzanar-Adams.jpeg/330px-Baton-practice-Manzanar-Adams.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Baton-practice-Manzanar-Adams.jpeg/440px-Baton-practice-Manzanar-Adams.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="6800" data-file-height="5400" /></a><figcaption>Baton practice, Florence Kuwata, <a href="/wiki/Manzanar_War_Relocation_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Manzanar War Relocation Center">Manzanar Relocation Center</a> (1943)<a href="#cite_note-101">[98]</a></figcaption></figure> When Edward Steichen formed his <a href="/wiki/Naval_Aviation_Photographic_Unit" title="Naval Aviation Photographic Unit">Naval Aviation Photographic Unit</a> in early 1942, he wanted Adams to be a member, to build and direct a state-of-the-art darkroom and laboratory in Washington, D.C.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996172-102">[99]</a> Around February 1942, Steichen asked Adams to join him in the navy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996172-102">[99]</a> Adams agreed, but with two conditions: He wanted to be commissioned as an officer, and he would not be available until July 1.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996173-103">[100]</a> Steichen, who wanted the team assembled as quickly as possible, passed on Adams and had his other photographers ready by early April.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996173-103">[100]</a> Adams was distressed by the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_American_internment" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese American internment">Japanese American internment</a> that occurred after the <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">Pearl Harbor</a> attack. He requested permission to visit the Manzanar War Relocation Center in the <a href="/wiki/Owens_Valley" title="Owens Valley">Owens Valley</a>, at the base of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Williamson" title="Mount Williamson">Mount Williamson</a>. The resulting photo-essay first appeared in a Museum of Modern Art exhibit, and later was published as <a href="/wiki/Born_Free_and_Equal" title="Born Free and Equal">Born Free and Equal</a>: The Story of Loyal Japanese-Americans. Upon its release, "[the book] was met with some distressing resistance and was rejected by many as disloyal."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985263-104">[101]</a> This work was a significant departure, stylistically and philosophically, from the work for which Adams is generally known.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole201024-105">[102]</a> He also contributed to the war effort by doing many photographic assignments for the military, including making prints of secret Japanese installations in the Aleutians.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996175-106">[103]</a> In 1943, Adams had a camera platform mounted on his station wagon, to afford him a better vantage point over the immediate foreground and a better angle for expansive backgrounds. Most of his landscapes from that time forward were made from the roof of his car rather than from summits reached by rugged hiking, as in his earlier days.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996239-107">[104]</a> Adams was the recipient of three <a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Fellowship" title="Guggenheim Fellowship">Guggenheim Fellowships</a> during his career, the first being awarded in 1946 to photograph every national park.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996217-108">[105]</a> At that time, there were 28 national parks, and Adams photographed 27 of them, missing only <a href="/wiki/Everglades_National_Park" title="Everglades National Park">Everglades National Park</a> in Florida. This series of photographs produced memorable images of <a href="/wiki/Old_Faithful" title="Old Faithful">Old Faithful</a> Geyser, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Teton" title="Grand Teton">Grand Teton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mount_McKinley" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount McKinley">Mount McKinley</a>. In 1945, Adams was asked to form the first fine art photography department at the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Art_Institute" title="San Francisco Art Institute">California School of Fine Arts</a>. Adams invited <a href="/wiki/Dorothea_Lange" title="Dorothea Lange">Dorothea Lange</a>, Imogen Cunningham, and Edward Weston to be guest lecturers, and <a href="/wiki/Minor_White" title="Minor White">Minor White</a> to be the principal instructor.<a href="#cite_note-109">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[107]</a> The photography department produced numerous notable photographers, including <a href="/wiki/Philip_Hyde_(photographer)" title="Philip Hyde (photographer)">Philip Hyde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benjamen_Chinn" title="Benjamen Chinn">Benjamen Chinn</a>, and <a href="/wiki/William_Heick" title="William Heick">Bill Heick</a>.<a href="#cite_note-111">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1950s">1950s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 1950s">edit</a>]</div> In 1952 Adams was one of the founders of the magazine Aperture, which was intended as a serious journal of photography, displaying its best practitioners and newest innovations. He was also a contributor to <a href="/wiki/Arizona_Highways" title="Arizona Highways">Arizona Highways</a>, a photo-rich travel magazine. His article on <a href="/wiki/Mission_San_Xavier_del_Bac" title="Mission San Xavier del Bac">Mission San Xavier del Bac</a>, with text by longtime friend <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Newhall" title="Nancy Newhall">Nancy Newhall</a>, was enlarged into a book published in 1954. This was the first of many collaborations with her.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_13-82">[81]</a> In June 1955, Adams began his annual workshops at Yosemite. They continued to 1981, attracting thousands of students.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985316-112">[109]</a> He continued with commercial assignments for another twenty years, and became a consultant, with a monthly retainer, for <a href="/wiki/Polaroid_Corporation" title="Polaroid Corporation">Polaroid Corporation</a>, which was founded by good friend <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Land" class="mw-redirect" title="Edwin Land">Edwin Land</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996260-113">[110]</a> He made thousands of photographs with Polaroid products, El Capitan, Winter, Sunrise (1968) being the one he considered most memorable. During the final twenty years of his life, the 6x6 cm medium format <a href="/wiki/Hasselblad" title="Hasselblad">Hasselblad</a> was his camera of choice, with Moon and Half Dome (1960) being his favorite photograph made with that brand of camera.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985375-114">[111]</a> From 1957 until 1962, <a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Sharpe" title="Geraldine Sharpe">Geraldine "Gerry" Sharpe</a> served as his photography assistant, and they often took photos of the same locations.<a href="#cite_note-115">[112]</a> Adams published his fourth portfolio, What Majestic Word, in 1963, and dedicated it to the memory of his Sierra Club friend <a href="/wiki/Russell_Varian" class="mw-redirect" title="Russell Varian">Russell Varian</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHammondAdams2002108-116">[113]</a> who was a co-inventor of the <a href="/wiki/Klystron" title="Klystron">klystron</a> and who had died in 1959. The title was taken from the poem "Sand Dunes", by <a href="/wiki/John_Varian" class="mw-redirect" title="John Varian">John Varian</a>, Russell's father,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHammondAdams200215-117">[114]</a> and the fifteen photographs were accompanied by the writings of both John and Russell Varian. Russell's widow, Dorothy, wrote the preface, and explained that the photographs were selected to serve as interpretations of the character of Russell Varian.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHammondAdams2002108-116">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career">Later career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Later career">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:192px;max-width:192px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:190px;max-width:190px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:141px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Gerald_R._Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Looking_at_Photographs_in_the_Oval_Office_with_Ansel_Adams.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/President_Gerald_R._Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Looking_at_Photographs_in_the_Oval_Office_with_Ansel_Adams.jpg/188px-President_Gerald_R._Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Looking_at_Photographs_in_the_Oval_Office_with_Ansel_Adams.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/President_Gerald_R._Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Looking_at_Photographs_in_the_Oval_Office_with_Ansel_Adams.jpg/282px-President_Gerald_R._Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Looking_at_Photographs_in_the_Oval_Office_with_Ansel_Adams.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/President_Gerald_R._Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Looking_at_Photographs_in_the_Oval_Office_with_Ansel_Adams.jpg/376px-President_Gerald_R._Ford_and_First_Lady_Betty_Ford_Looking_at_Photographs_in_the_Oval_Office_with_Ansel_Adams.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2214" data-file-height="1662" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">President <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> and First Lady <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford">Betty Ford</a> viewing photographs with Adams, 1975<a href="#cite_note-118">[115]</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:190px;max-width:190px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:220px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Jimmy_Carter_by_Ansel_Adams_(1979).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Portrait_of_Jimmy_Carter_by_Ansel_Adams_%281979%29.jpg/188px-Portrait_of_Jimmy_Carter_by_Ansel_Adams_%281979%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Portrait_of_Jimmy_Carter_by_Ansel_Adams_%281979%29.jpg/282px-Portrait_of_Jimmy_Carter_by_Ansel_Adams_%281979%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Portrait_of_Jimmy_Carter_by_Ansel_Adams_%281979%29.jpg/376px-Portrait_of_Jimmy_Carter_by_Ansel_Adams_%281979%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2000" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter's</a> photographic portrait by Adams.</div></div></div></div></div> By the 1960s, Adams had developed <a href="/wiki/Gout" title="Gout">gout</a> and arthritis and hoped that moving to a new home would make him feel better. He and his wife considered Santa Fe, but they both had commitments in California (Virginia was managing the Yosemite studio of her father).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpaulding1998320-119">[116]</a> A friend offered to sell them property in <a href="/wiki/Carmel_Highlands,_California" title="Carmel Highlands, California">Carmel Highlands</a>, overlooking the <a href="/wiki/Big_Sur" title="Big Sur">Big Sur</a> coastline. With architect Eldridge Spencer, they began planning the new home in 1961 and moved there in 1965.<a href="#cite_note-120">[117]</a> Adams began to devote much of his time to printing the backlog of negatives that had accumulated over forty years.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpaulding1998320-119">[116]</a> In the 1960s, a few mainstream art galleries that had considered photography unworthy of exhibit alongside fine paintings decided to show Adams's images, particularly the former Kenmore Gallery in Philadelphia.<a href="#cite_note-121">[118]</a> In March 1963, Ansel Adams and Nancy Newhall accepted a commission from <a href="/wiki/Clark_Kerr" title="Clark Kerr">Clark Kerr</a>, the president of the University of California, to produce a series of photographs of the university's campuses to commemorate its centennial celebration. The collection, titled Fiat Lux after the university's motto, was published in 1967 and now resides in the Museum of Photography at the University of California, Riverside.<a href="#cite_note-122">[119]</a> During the 1970s, Adams reprinted negatives from his vault, in part to satisfy the demand of art museums that had recently established departments of photography.<a href="#cite_note-123">[120]</a> In 1972, Adams contributed images to help publicize Proposition 20,<a href="#cite_note-124">[121]</a> which authorized the state to regulate development along portions of the California coast.<a href="#cite_note-125">[122]</a> In 1974, he exhibited at the Rencontres d'Arles (formerly known as the Rencontres Internationales de la Photographie d'Arles), an annual summer photography festival in France.<a href="#cite_note-126">[123]</a> He also had a major retrospective exhibition at the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Russell_1984-53">[53]</a> In 1975, he cofounded the Center for Creative Photography at the University of Arizona, which handles some of his estate matters.<a href="#cite_note-127">[124]</a> In 1979, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">President Jimmy Carter</a> commissioned Adams to make the first official photographic portrait of a U.S. president.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996294–295-128">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Death and legacy">edit</a>]</div> Adams died from cardiovascular disease on April 22, 1984, in the intensive-care unit at the Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula in Monterey, California, at age 82. He was surrounded by his wife, two children and five grandchildren.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinderStillmanAdamsStegner1988396-130">[127]</a> His body was cremated and his ashes were scattered on <a href="/wiki/Half_Dome" title="Half Dome">Half Dome</a> at <a href="/wiki/Yosemite_National_Park" title="Yosemite National Park">Yosemite National Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[128]</a> Publishing rights for most of Adams's photographs are handled by the trustees of The Ansel Adams Publishing Rights Trust. An archive of Adams's work is located at the Center for Creative Photography at the University of Arizona in Tucson. Numerous works by the artist have been sold at auction, including a mural-sized print of <a href="/wiki/Clearing_Winter_Storm,_Yosemite_National_Park" title="Clearing Winter Storm, Yosemite National Park">Clearing Winter Storm, Yosemite National Park</a>, which sold at <a href="/wiki/Sotheby%27s" title="Sotheby's">Sotheby's</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a> in June 2010 for $722,500, then the highest price ever paid for an original Ansel Adams photograph.<a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-132">[129]</a> This price was surpassed by another mural-sized print of one of his photographs, <a href="/wiki/The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River" title="The Tetons and the Snake River">The Tetons and the Snake River</a>, sold for $988,000 at <a href="/wiki/Sotheby%27s" title="Sotheby's">Sotheby's</a> <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a>, on December 14, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-133">[130]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Szarkowski" title="John Szarkowski">John Szarkowski</a> states in the introduction to Ansel Adams: Classic Images (1985, p. 5), "The love that Americans poured out for the work and person of Ansel Adams during his old age, and that they have continued to express with undiminished enthusiasm since his death, is an extraordinary phenomenon, perhaps even unparalleled in our country's response to a visual artist." Adams' wife, Virginia Rose Best, died on January 29, 2000, aged 96.<a href="#cite_note-134">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contributions_and_influence">Contributions and influence</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Contributions and influence">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Landscapes_of_the_American_West">Landscapes of the American West</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Landscapes of the American West">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adams_The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A dramatically lit black-and-white photograph depicts a large river, which snakes from the bottom right to the center left of the picture. Dark evergreen trees cover the steep left bank of the river, and lighter deciduous trees cover the right. In the top half of the frame, there is a tall mountain range, dark but clearly covered in snow. The sky is overcast in parts, but only partly cloudy in others, and the sun shines through to illuminate the scene and reflect off the river in these places." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Adams_The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River.jpg/390px-Adams_The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River.jpg" decoding="async" width="390" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Adams_The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River.jpg/585px-Adams_The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Adams_The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River.jpg/780px-Adams_The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2402" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River" title="The Tetons and the Snake River">The Tetons and the Snake River</a> (1942)<a href="#cite_note-National_Archives_2017-51">[51]</a></figcaption></figure> Romantic landscape artists <a href="/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt">Albert Bierstadt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Moran" title="Thomas Moran">Thomas Moran</a> portrayed the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Canyon" title="Grand Canyon">Grand Canyon</a> and Yosemite during the 19th century, followed by photographers <a href="/wiki/Carleton_Watkins" title="Carleton Watkins">Carleton Watkins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eadweard_Muybridge" title="Eadweard Muybridge">Eadweard Muybridge</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Fiske" title="George Fiske">George Fiske</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199633-40">[40]</a> Adams's work is distinguished from theirs by his interest in the transient and ephemeral.<a href="#cite_note-Szarkowski_2018-35">[35]</a> He photographed at varying times of the day and of the year, capturing the landscape's changing light and atmosphere.<a href="#cite_note-Morgan_2018-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wells_2005-135">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[133]</a> Art critic John Szarkowski wrote, "Ansel Adams attuned himself more precisely than any photographer before him to a visual understanding of the specific quality of the light that fell on a specific place at a specific moment. For Adams the natural landscape is not a fixed and solid sculpture but an insubstantial image, as transient as the light that continually redefines it. This sensibility to the specificity of light was the motive that forced Adams to develop his legendary photographic technique."<a href="#cite_note-137">[134]</a> The creation of Adams's grand, highly detailed images was driven by his interest in the natural environment.<a href="#cite_note-Morgan_2018-55">[55]</a> With increasing environmental degradation in the West during the 20th century, his photos show a commitment to conservation.<a href="#cite_note-Wells_2005-135">[132]</a> His black-and-white photographs were not just documentation, but reflected a sublime experience of nature as a spiritual place.<a href="#cite_note-Turnage_2018-18">[18]</a> In 1955, Edward Steichen selected Adams's Mount Williamson for the world-touring Museum of Modern Art exhibition <a href="/wiki/The_Family_of_Man" title="The Family of Man">The Family of Man</a>,<a href="#cite_note-138">[135]</a> which was seen by nine million visitors. At 10 by 12 feet (3.0 by 3.7 m), his was the largest print in the exhibition, presented floor-to-ceiling in a prominent position as the backdrop to the section "Relationships",<a href="#cite_note-139">[136]</a> as a reminder of the essential reliance of humanity on the soil. However, despite its striking and prominent display, Adams expressed displeasure at the "gross" enlargement and "poor" quality of the print.<a href="#cite_note-140">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Group_f/64">Group f/64</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Group f/64">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Group_f/64" title="Group f/64">Group f/64</a></div> In 1932, Adams helped form the anti-pictorialist Group f/64, a loose and relatively short-lived association of like-minded "straight" or "pure" photographers on the West Coast whose members included Edward Weston and Imogen Cunningham. The modernist group favored sharp focus—f/64 being a very small aperture setting that gives great depth of field on large-format view cameras—contact printing, precisely exposed images of natural forms and found objects, and the use of the entire tonal range of a photograph.<a href="#cite_note-Turnage_2018-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-Szarkowski_2018-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-Morgan_2018-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-Soccio_2016-142">[139]</a> Adams wrote the group's manifesto for their exhibition at the <a href="/wiki/De_Young_Museum" title="De Young Museum">De Young Museum</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">Group <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1207775266">f/64 limits its members and invitational names to those workers who are striving to define photography as an art-form by a simple and direct presentation through purely photographic methods. The Group will show no work at any time that does not conform to its standards of pure photography. Pure photography is defined as possessing no qualities of [technique], composition or ideas, derivative of any other art-form. The production of the "Pictorialist," on the other hand, indicates a devotion to principles of art, which are directly related to painting and the graphic arts. The members of Group <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1207775266">f/64 believe that Photography, as an art-form, must develop along lines defined by the actualities and limitations of the photographic medium, and must always remain independent of ideological conventions of art and aesthetics that are reminiscent of a period of culture antedating the growth of the medium itself.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole2010-143">[140]</a></blockquote> The f/64 school met with opposition from the pictorialists, particularly <a href="/wiki/William_Mortensen" title="William Mortensen">William Mortensen</a>, who called their work "hard and brittle".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199676–77-144">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lovejoy_2014-145">[142]</a> Adams disliked the work of Mortensen and disliked him personally, referring to him as the "Anti-Christ". The purists were friends with prominent historians, and their influence led to the exclusion of Mortensen from histories of photography.<a href="#cite_note-Lovejoy_2014-145">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[143]</a> Adams later developed this purist approach into the Zone System.<a href="#cite_note-Soccio_2016-142">[139]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Zone_System">The Zone System</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: The Zone System">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Zone_System" title="Zone System">Zone System</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Looking_across_lake_toward_mountains,_%22Evening,_McDonald_Lake,_Glacier_National_Park,%22_Montana.,_1933_-_1942_-_NARA_-_519861.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A black-and-white photograph shows a large, still lake extending horizontally off the frame and halfway up vertically, reflecting the rest of the scene. In the distance, a mountain range can be seen, with a gap in the center and one faint smaller mountain in between. The sky is cloudy and large dark clouds rest at the very top of the frame." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Looking_across_lake_toward_mountains%2C_%22Evening%2C_McDonald_Lake%2C_Glacier_National_Park%2C%22_Montana.%2C_1933_-_1942_-_NARA_-_519861.jpg/390px-Looking_across_lake_toward_mountains%2C_%22Evening%2C_McDonald_Lake%2C_Glacier_National_Park%2C%22_Montana.%2C_1933_-_1942_-_NARA_-_519861.jpg" decoding="async" width="390" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Looking_across_lake_toward_mountains%2C_%22Evening%2C_McDonald_Lake%2C_Glacier_National_Park%2C%22_Montana.%2C_1933_-_1942_-_NARA_-_519861.jpg/585px-Looking_across_lake_toward_mountains%2C_%22Evening%2C_McDonald_Lake%2C_Glacier_National_Park%2C%22_Montana.%2C_1933_-_1942_-_NARA_-_519861.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Looking_across_lake_toward_mountains%2C_%22Evening%2C_McDonald_Lake%2C_Glacier_National_Park%2C%22_Montana.%2C_1933_-_1942_-_NARA_-_519861.jpg/780px-Looking_across_lake_toward_mountains%2C_%22Evening%2C_McDonald_Lake%2C_Glacier_National_Park%2C%22_Montana.%2C_1933_-_1942_-_NARA_-_519861.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1515" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Evening,_McDonald_Lake,_Glacier_National_Park" title="Evening, McDonald Lake, Glacier National Park">Evening, McDonald Lake, Glacier National Park</a> (1942)<a href="#cite_note-147">[144]</a></figcaption></figure> While Adams and portrait photographer Fred Archer were teaching at the Art Center School in Los Angeles, around 1939–1940, they developed the Zone System for managing the photographic process,<a href="#cite_note-148">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[146]</a> which was based on <a href="/wiki/Sensitometry" title="Sensitometry">sensitometry</a>, the study of the light-sensitivity of photographic materials and the relationship between exposure time and the resulting density on a negative. The Zone System provides a calibrated scale of brightness, from Zone 0 (black) through shades of gray to Zone X (white). The photographer can take light readings of key elements in a scene and use the Zone System to determine how the film must be exposed, developed, and printed to achieve the desired brightness or darkness in the final image.<a href="#cite_note-150">[147]</a> Although it originated for black-and-white sheet film, the Zone System can be applied to images captured on roll film, both black-and-white and color, negative and reversal, and to digital photography.<a href="#cite_note-151">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Photography_department_at_MoMA">Photography department at <abbr title="Museum of Modern Art">MoMA</abbr></h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Photography department at MoMA">edit</a>]</div> In 1940, with trustee David H. McAlpin and curator <a href="/wiki/Beaumont_Newhall" title="Beaumont Newhall">Beaumont Newhall</a>, Adams helped establish the photography department at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York.<a href="#cite_note-Soccio_2016-142">[139]</a> <abbr title="Museum of Modern Art">MoMA</abbr> was the first major American art museum to establish a photography department.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole2010-143">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[149]</a> Adams acted as McAlpin and Newhall's primary advisor;<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole201014-153">[150]</a> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Galassi" title="Peter Galassi">Peter Galassi</a>, the chief curator of the department in later years, said "Adams's dedication and boundless energy were vital to the creation of the department and to its programs in its early years."<a href="#cite_note-154">[151]</a> For those who had sought institutional recognition for photography as art, the founding of the department was an important moment, marking the medium's recognition as a subject equal to painting and sculpture.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole201010-155">[152]</a> On December 31, 1940, the department opened its first exhibition, Sixty Photographs: A Survey of Camera Esthetics,<a href="#cite_note-MoMA_2018-156">[153]</a> which resembled large survey exhibitions that Adams and Newhall had previously mounted independently.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole2010174-157">[154]</a> The exhibition took aesthetic quality as a guiding principle,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole201010-155">[152]</a> a philosophy that ran counter to that of many writers and critics, who argued that the medium's more vernacular use as a means of communication should be more fully represented.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole201013-158">[155]</a> Photographer <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Steiner" title="Ralph Steiner">Ralph Steiner</a>, writing for <a href="/wiki/PM_(newspaper)" title="PM (newspaper)">PM</a>, remarked "on the whole it [MoMA] seems to regard photography as soft music at high tea rather than as a jazz at a beefsteak supper."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole2010180-159">[156]</a> Tom Maloney, publisher of U.S. Camera, wrote that the exhibition was "very choice, very pristine, very small, very ultra."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEO'Toole2010181-160">[157]</a> According to Newhall, the exhibition was meant to showcase artistic excellence and "not to define but to suggest the possibilities of photographic vision."<a href="#cite_note-MoMA_2018-156">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environmental_protection">Environmental protection</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Environmental protection">edit</a>]</div> In his autobiography, Adams expressed his concern about Americans' loss of connection to nature in the course of industrialization and the exploitation of the land's natural resources. He stated, "We all know the tragedy of the <a href="/wiki/Dust_Bowl" title="Dust Bowl">dustbowls</a>, the cruel unforgivable erosions of the soil, the depletion of fish or game, and the shrinking of the noble forests. And we know that such catastrophes shrivel the spirit of the people... The wilderness is pushed back, man is everywhere. Solitude, so vital to the individual man, is almost nowhere."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985290–291-161">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Awards and honors">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_Wilderness_sign_Rush_Creek.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="File:Ansel Adams Wilderness sign" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ansel_Adams_Wilderness_sign_Rush_Creek.jpg/220px-Ansel_Adams_Wilderness_sign_Rush_Creek.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ansel_Adams_Wilderness_sign_Rush_Creek.jpg/330px-Ansel_Adams_Wilderness_sign_Rush_Creek.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ansel_Adams_Wilderness_sign_Rush_Creek.jpg/440px-Ansel_Adams_Wilderness_sign_Rush_Creek.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2740" data-file-height="2236" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams_Wilderness" title="Ansel Adams Wilderness">Ansel Adams Wilderness</a> designated area</figcaption></figure> Adams received a number of awards during his lifetime and posthumously, and several awards and places have been named in his honor.<a href="#cite_note-162">[159]</a> For his photography, Adams received an Honorary Fellowship of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Photographic_Society" title="Royal Photographic Society">Royal Photographic Society</a> in 1976<a href="#cite_note-163">[160]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hasselblad_Award" title="Hasselblad Award">Hasselblad Award</a> in 1981.<a href="#cite_note-164">[161]</a> Two of his photographs, The Tetons and the Snake River and a view of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a> from Baker Beach, were among the 115 images recorded on the <a href="/wiki/Voyager_Golden_Record" title="Voyager Golden Record">Voyager Golden Record</a> aboard the Voyager spacecraft. These images were selected to convey information about humans, plants and animals, and geological features of the Earth to a possibly alien civilization.<a href="#cite_note-165">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[163]</a> For his conservation efforts, Adams received the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Club_John_Muir_Award" title="Sierra Club John Muir Award">Sierra Club John Muir Award</a> in 1963.<a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club_2008b-167">[164]</a> In 1968, he was awarded the Conservation Service Award, the highest award of the Department of the Interior.<a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club-65">[65]</a> In 1980, <a href="/wiki/President_Jimmy_Carter" class="mw-redirect" title="President Jimmy Carter">President Jimmy Carter</a> awarded him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor, for "his efforts to preserve this country's wild and scenic areas, both on film and on earth. Drawn to the beauty of nature's monuments, he is regarded by environmentalists as a national institution."<a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club-65">[65]</a> Adams received an honorary <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Arts" title="Doctor of Arts">artium doctor</a> degree from Harvard University and an honorary Doctor of Fine Arts degree from Yale University. He was elected a Fellow of the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-168">[165]</a> In 2007, he was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/California_Hall_of_Fame" title="California Hall of Fame">California Hall of Fame</a> by California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and First Lady Maria Shriver.<a href="#cite_note-169">[166]</a> The Sierra Club's <a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams_Award_for_Conservation_Photography" title="Ansel Adams Award for Conservation Photography">Ansel Adams Award for Conservation Photography</a> was established in 1971,<a href="#cite_note-Sierra_Club_2008b-167">[164]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams_Award_(The_Wilderness_Society)" title="Ansel Adams Award (The Wilderness Society)">Ansel Adams Award for Conservation</a> was established in 1980 by <a href="/wiki/The_Wilderness_Society_(United_States)" title="The Wilderness Society (United States)">The Wilderness Society</a>, which also has a large permanent gallery of his work on display at its Washington, D.C. headquarters.<a href="#cite_note-170">[167]</a> The Minarets Wilderness in the <a href="/wiki/Inyo_National_Forest" title="Inyo National Forest">Inyo National Forest</a> and a 11,760-foot (3,580 m) peak therein were renamed the <a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams_Wilderness" title="Ansel Adams Wilderness">Ansel Adams Wilderness</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Ansel_Adams" title="Mount Ansel Adams">Mount Ansel Adams</a>, respectively, in 1985.<a href="#cite_note-National_Park_Service-171">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[169]</a> In 1984 Adams was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/International_Photography_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="International Photography Hall of Fame">International Photography Hall of Fame</a>.<a href="#cite_note-173">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[171]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Photographs">Photographs</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Photographs">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Color_images">Color images</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Color images">edit</a>]</div> Adams was known mostly for his boldly printed, large-format black-and-white images, but he also worked extensively with color.<a href="#cite_note-175">[172]</a> However, he preferred black-and-white photography, which he believed could be manipulated to produce a wide range of bold, expressive tones, and he felt constricted by the rigidity of the color process.<a href="#cite_note-176">[173]</a> Most of his color work was done on assignments, and he did not consider his color work to be important or expressive, even explicitly forbidding any posthumous exploitation of his color work.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_photographs">Notable photographs</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Notable photographs">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-01.jpg/220px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-01.jpg/330px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-01.jpg/440px-Ansel_Adams_-_National_Archives_79-AAB-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2964" data-file-height="2373" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Dam" title="Hoover Dam">Hoover Dam</a> in 1941</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lodgepole_Pines,_Lyell_Fork_of_the_Merced_River" title="Lodgepole Pines, Lyell Fork of the Merced River">Lodgepole Pines, Lyell Fork of the Merced River</a>, Yosemite National Park, 1921</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monolith,_the_Face_of_Half_Dome" title="Monolith, the Face of Half Dome">Monolith, the Face of Half Dome</a>, Yosemite National Park, 1927</li> <li>Rose and Driftwood, San Francisco, California, 1932</li> <li>Georgia O'Keeffe and Orville Cox, Canyon de Chelly National Monument, 1937</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clearing_Winter_Storm,_Yosemite_National_Park" title="Clearing Winter Storm, Yosemite National Park">Clearing Winter Storm, Yosemite National Park</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1937<a href="#cite_note-cbc.ca-132">[129]</a></li> <li>Half Dome, Merced River, Winter, 1938<a href="#cite_note-177">[174]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonrise,_Hernandez,_New_Mexico" title="Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico">Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico</a>, 1941</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening,_McDonald_Lake,_Glacier_National_Park" title="Evening, McDonald Lake, Glacier National Park">Evening, McDonald Lake, Glacier National Park</a>, 1942</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River" title="The Tetons and the Snake River">The Tetons and the Snake River</a>, Grand Teton National Park, 1942</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Sunrise,_Sierra_Nevada,_from_Lone_Pine,_California" title="Winter Sunrise, Sierra Nevada, from Lone Pine, California">Winter Sunrise, Sierra Nevada, from Lone Pine, California</a>, 1944<a href="#cite_note-178">[175]</a></li> <li>Mount Williamson, Sierra Nevada, from Manzanar, California, 1944<a href="#cite_note-179">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[177]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspens,_Northern_New_Mexico" title="Aspens, Northern New Mexico">Aspens, Northern New Mexico</a>, New Mexico, 1958<a href="#cite_note-181">[178]</a></li> <li>Moon and Half Dome, Yosemite National Park, California, 1960<a href="#cite_note-182">[179]</a></li> <li>El Capitan, Winter Sunrise, 1968<a href="#cite_note-183">[180]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Published_works">Published works</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Published works">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAdams1935" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1935). Making a Photograph: An Introduction to Photography. New York: The Studio Publications.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+a+Photograph%3A+An+Introduction+to+Photography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=The+Studio+Publications&rft.date=1935&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1948" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1948). Basic Photo Book 1, Camera & Lens: Studio, Darkroom, Equipment. New York: Morgan and Lester.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Basic+Photo+Book+1%2C+Camera+%26+Lens%3A+Studio%2C+Darkroom%2C+Equipment&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Morgan+and+Lester&rft.date=1948&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1948" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1948). Basic Photo Book 2, The Negative: Exposure and Development. New York: Morgan and Lester.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Basic+Photo+Book+2%2C+The+Negative%3A+Exposure+and+Development&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Morgan+and+Lester&rft.date=1948&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1950" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1950). Basic Photo Book 3, The Print: Contact Printing and Enlarging. New York: Morgan and Lester.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Basic+Photo+Book+3%2C+The+Print%3A+Contact+Printing+and+Enlarging&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Morgan+and+Lester&rft.date=1950&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1952" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1952). Basic Photo Book 4, Natural Light Photography. New York: Morgan and Lester.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Basic+Photo+Book+4%2C+Natural+Light+Photography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Morgan+and+Lester&rft.date=1952&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1956" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1956). Basic Photo Book 5, Artificial Light Photography. New York: Morgan and Lester.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Basic+Photo+Book+5%2C+Artificial+Light+Photography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Morgan+and+Lester&rft.date=1956&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1963" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1963). Polaroid Land Photography Manual. New York: Morgan & Morgan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Polaroid+Land+Photography+Manual&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Morgan+%26+Morgan&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Adams, Ansel (1974). Images 1923–1974. Boston: New York Graphic Society. ISBN 978-0-8212-0600-3.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsBaker1978" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Baker, Robert (1978). Polaroid Land Photography. Boston: New York Graphic Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-0729-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-0729-1"><bdi>978-0-8212-0729-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Polaroid+Land+Photography&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=New+York+Graphic+Society&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-0729-1&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Baker%2C+Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Adams, Ansel (1979). Yosemite and the Range of Light. Boston: New York Graphic Society. ISBN 978-0-8212-0750-5.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Camera_equipment">Camera equipment</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Camera equipment">edit</a>]</div> Most of Adams' best known images were taken with 8x10 and 4x5 <a href="/wiki/View_camera" title="View camera">view cameras</a>. He also used a variety of other negative formats, from 35mm and medium format roll film through less common formats such as <a href="/wiki/Polaroid_type_55" title="Polaroid type 55">Polaroid type 55</a> and 7x17 panoramic cameras. The 1958 documentary Ansel Adams, Photographer, narrated by <a href="/wiki/Beaumont_Newhall" title="Beaumont Newhall">Beaumont Newhall</a>, gives an overview of Adams's toolkit at the time, with some examples of his camera outfits including: <ul><li>8 x 10 view camera, 20 holders, 4 lenses - 1 <a href="/wiki/Cooke_Optics" title="Cooke Optics">Cooke</a> <a href="/wiki/Convertible_lens" class="mw-redirect" title="Convertible lens">Convertible</a>, 1 ten-inch Wide Field Ektar, 1 9-inch Dagor, one 6-3/4-inch Wollensak wide angle.</li> <li>7 x 17 special panorama camera with a Protar 13-1/2-inch lens and five holders.</li> <li>4 x 5 view camera, 6 lenses - 12-inch Collinear, 8-1/2 APO Lantar, 9-1/4 APO Tessar, 4-inch Wide Field Ektar, Dallmeyer London Telephoto</li></ul> Adams mounted a platform on the roof of his car to allow him to take images with the view cameras from an elevated point of view.<a href="#cite_note-184">[181]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_protection" title="Environmental protection">Environmental protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monochrome_photography" title="Monochrome photography">Monochrome photography</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> In 2010, Rick Norsigian bought some glass negatives at a garage sale and claimed they were some of the lost negatives, estimating their value at $200 million.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> The Ansel Adams Foundation contested this claim and sued. A settlement was reached in 2011 where Norsegian could sell prints without any reference to Adams.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> Adams's first account in U.S. Camera 1943 annual was less dramatic, saying simply that the photograph was made after sunset, with exposure determined using his Weston Master meter,<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> though <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 192, states that the image caption for Moonrise in U.S. Camera 1943 was inaccurate, citing several discrepancies among technical details. </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> David Elmore of the High Altitude Observatory in Boulder, Colorado, had determined that Moonrise was taken on October 31, 1941, at 4:03 pm.<a href="#cite_note-96">[94]</a> Di Cicco noticed that the Moon's position at the time Elmore made his determination did not match the Moon's position in the image, and after an independent analysis, determined the time to be 4:49:20 pm on November 1, 1941. He reviewed his results with Elmore, who agreed with di Cicco's conclusions.<a href="#cite_note-97">[95]</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMills2006" class="citation news cs1">Mills, Don (November 21, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/330658421">"A developing art form"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Post" title="National Post">National Post</a>. p. B1. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/330658421">330658421</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231104152536/https://www.proquest.com/docview/330658421">Archived</a> from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved June 22, 2023 – via <a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>. <q>After his death, Congress designated a vast acreage beside Yosemite as the Ansel Adams Wilderness Area and named Mount Ansel Adams, on whose summit his ashes were placed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=A+developing+art+form&rft.pages=B1&rft.date=2006-11-21&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=Don&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F330658421&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder19854-2"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder19854_2-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder19964-3"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder19964_3-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder19962-4"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder19962_4-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 2. </li> <li id="cite_note-Sierra_Club_2008a-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sierra_Club_2008a_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sierra_Club_2008a_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sierra_Club_2008a_5-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSierra_Club2008" class="citation web cs1">Sierra Club (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100201212325/http://www.sierraclub.org/history/anseladams/">"Ansel Adams and the Sierra Club: About Ansel Adams"</a>. Sierra Club. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sierraclub.org/history/anseladams/">the original</a> on February 1, 2010. Retrieved February 2, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams+and+the+Sierra+Club%3A+About+Ansel+Adams&rft.pub=Sierra+Club&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Sierra+Club&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sierraclub.org%2Fhistory%2Fanseladams%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhittington2010" class="citation web cs1">Whittington, Geoff (January 24, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfgate.com/realestate/article/ansel-adams-boyhood-san-francisco-house-3201869.php">"Ansel Adams' boyhood San Francisco house"</a>. San Francisco Chronicle. San Francisco, CA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100505195553/http://articles.sfgate.com/2010-01-24/real-estate/17835300_1_ansel-adams-bath-yosemite-national-park">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2010. Retrieved April 20, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Ansel+Adams%27+boyhood+San+Francisco+house&rft.date=2010-01-24&rft.aulast=Whittington&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Frealestate%2Farticle%2Fansel-adams-boyhood-san-francisco-house-3201869.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder19966-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder19966_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder19966_7-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 6. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198514-8"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198514_8-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 14. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://parksconservancy.org/visit/park-sites/lands-end.html">"Lands End"</a>. San Francisco, CA: Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100412105138/http://www.parksconservancy.org/visit/park-sites/lands-end.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2010. Retrieved April 19, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lands+End&rft.place=San+Francisco%2C+CA&rft.pub=Golden+Gate+National+Parks+Conservancy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fparksconservancy.org%2Fvisit%2Fpark-sites%2Flands-end.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAitken1951" class="citation journal cs1">Aitken, R. G. (1951). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F126396">"In Memoriam, Charles Hitchcock Adams 1868–1951"</a>. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 63 (375): 284–286. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1951PASP...63..283A">1951PASP...63..283A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F126396">10.1086/126396</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:123406530">123406530</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Publications+of+the+Astronomical+Society+of+the+Pacific&rft.atitle=In+Memoriam%2C+Charles+Hitchcock+Adams+1868%E2%80%931951&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=375&rft.pages=284-286&rft.date=1951&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A123406530%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F126396&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1951PASP...63..283A&rft.aulast=Aitken&rft.aufirst=R.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1086%252F126396&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198540-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198540_11-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 40. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder19969-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder19969_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 9. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199611-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder199611_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder199611_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder199611_13-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 11. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198518-14"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198518_14-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 18. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996276-15"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996276_15-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 276. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199652-16"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder199652_16-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 52. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198545-17"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198545_17-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 45. </li> <li id="cite_note-Turnage_2018-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Turnage_2018_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turnage_2018_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turnage_2018_18-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurnage2000" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Turnage" title="William Turnage">Turnage, William A.</a> (2000). "Adams, Ansel (1902–1984), photographer and environmentalist". American National Biography. 1. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.1701243">10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.1701243</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+National+Biography&rft.atitle=Adams%2C+Ansel+%281902%E2%80%931984%29%2C+photographer+and+environmentalist&rft.volume=1&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fanb%2F9780198606697.article.1701243&rft.aulast=Turnage&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHammondAdams20023-19"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHammondAdams20023_19-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHammondAdams2002">Hammond & Adams 2002</a>, p. 3. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHammondAdams20024-20"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHammondAdams20024_20-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHammondAdams2002">Hammond & Adams 2002</a>, p. 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198553-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198553_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198553_21-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 53. </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStillman2007" class="citation book cs1">Stillman, Andrea G. (2007). 400 Photographs. New York City: Little, Brown. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-11772-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-11772-2"><bdi>978-0-316-11772-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=400+Photographs&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-316-11772-2&rft.aulast=Stillman&rft.aufirst=Andrea+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199636-23"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder199636_23-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 36. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198554–55-24"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198554–55_24-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, pp. 54–55. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199623-25"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder199623_25-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 23. </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nps.gov/yose/getinvolved/adams_gallery.htm">"Ansel Adams Gallery Rehabilitation"</a>. 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The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181127110227/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/24/obituaries/ansel-adams-photographer-is-dead.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 27, 2018. 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Retrieved November 26, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Adams%2C+Ansel&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+American+Art+and+Artists&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2018-05-24&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780191807671.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-180767-1&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Ann+Lee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780191807671.001.0001%2Facref-9780191807671-e-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780192800916.001.0001/acref-9780192800916-e-8">"Adams, Ansel Easton"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whoswhointwentie00brig">Who's Who in the Twentieth Century</a>. Oxford University Press. 2003. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780192800916.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780192800916.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280091-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280091-6"><bdi>978-0-19-280091-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved November 26, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Adams%2C+Ansel+Easton&rft.btitle=Who%27s+Who+in+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780192800916.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-280091-6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780192800916.001.0001%2Facref-9780192800916-e-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESpaulding199882-57"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpaulding199882_57-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSpaulding1998">Spaulding 1998</a>, p. 82. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199677-58"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder199677_58-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 77. </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.artic.edu/artworks/82469/rose-and-driftwood-san-francisco-california">Print of Rose and Driftwood, San Francisco, California</a> in the collection of the <a href="/wiki/Art_Institute_of_Chicago" title="Art Institute of Chicago">Art Institute of Chicago</a> (Ref. nr. 1954.1338). </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199667–69-60"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder199667–69_60-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, pp. 67–69. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder199687-61"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder199687_61-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 87. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985115-62"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985115_62-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 115. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996114-63"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996114_63-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 114. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996102-64"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996102_64-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 102. </li> <li id="cite_note-Sierra_Club-65">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sierra_Club_65-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sierra_Club_65-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sierra_Club_65-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301140708/http://vault.sierraclub.org/history/ansel-adams/">"Ansel Adams – History"</a>. Sierra Club. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vault.sierraclub.org/history/ansel-adams/">the original</a> on March 1, 2019. Retrieved March 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams+%E2%80%93+History&rft.pub=Sierra+Club&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvault.sierraclub.org%2Fhistory%2Fansel-adams%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_7-66"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_7_66-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, Chapter 7. </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2020/a-grand-vision-the-david-h-arrington-collection-of-ansel-adams-masterworks/clearing-winter-storm-yosemite-national-park">Print of Clearing Winter Storm</a> on auction in December 2020 at Sotheby's, where another print dated 1938 was sold in 2005 (no page for this auction – see text). Before this print came to knowledge, the picture was thought to have been taken ca. 1942 –1944. An early <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2008/photographs-n08424/lot.142.html">print from around 1938</a>, which was sold in 2008, shows a still warmer tone than later prints. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996120-68"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996120_68-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 120. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996123–124-69"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996123–124_69-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, pp. 123–124. </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser2009" class="citation news cs1">Fraser, Christa (October 21, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adventuresportsjournal.com/fire-on-the-mountain-ansel-adams-and-edward-weston-in-yosemite-in-the-late-1930s/">"Fire on the Mountain – Ansel Adams and Edward Weston in Yosemite in the late 1930s"</a>. Adventure Sports Journal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306044409/http://adventuresportsjournal.com/fire-on-the-mountain-ansel-adams-and-edward-weston-in-yosemite-in-the-late-1930s/">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Adventure+Sports+Journal&rft.atitle=Fire+on+the+Mountain+%26ndash%3B%26%2332%3BAnsel+Adams+and+Edward+Weston+in+Yosemite+in+the+late+1930s&rft.date=2009-10-21&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=Christa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadventuresportsjournal.com%2Ffire-on-the-mountain-ansel-adams-and-edward-weston-in-yosemite-in-the-late-1930s%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_writer2010" class="citation news cs1">Staff writer (July 27, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ansel-adams-pics-bought-for-45-worth-200m/">"Ansel Adams Pics Bought for $45 Worth $200M?"</a>. CBS News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306042727/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ansel-adams-pics-bought-for-45-worth-200m/">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Ansel+Adams+Pics+Bought+for+%2445+Worth+%24200M%3F&rft.date=2010-07-27&rft.au=Staff+writer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fansel-adams-pics-bought-for-45-worth-200m%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarmanci2011" class="citation news cs1">Harmanci, Reyhan (March 15, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/16/arts/design/ansel-adams-lawsuit-an-agreement-is-reached.html">"Ansel Adams Lawsuit: An Agreement Is Reached"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306042748/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/16/arts/design/ansel-adams-lawsuit-an-agreement-is-reached.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ansel+Adams+Lawsuit%3A+An+Agreement+Is+Reached&rft.date=2011-03-15&rft.aulast=Harmanci&rft.aufirst=Reyhan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F03%2F16%2Farts%2Fdesign%2Fansel-adams-lawsuit-an-agreement-is-reached.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams" class="citation web cs1">Adams, Ansel Easton. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/262584">"Georgia O'Keeffe and Orville Cox, Canyon de Chelly National Monument, Arizona, 1937, printed 1974"</a>. The Metropolitan Museum of Ar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190301074428/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/262584">Archived</a> from the original on March 1, 2019. Retrieved February 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Georgia+O%27Keeffe+and+Orville+Cox%2C+Canyon+de+Chelly+National+Monument%2C+Arizona%2C+1937%2C+printed+1974&rft.pub=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Ar&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel+Easton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fart%2Fcollection%2Fsearch%2F262584&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bohnacker_2013-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bohnacker_2013_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bohnacker_2013_75-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBohnacker2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Bohnacker, Siobhán (December 16, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/culture/photo-booth/picture-desk-the-faraway">"Picture Desk: The Faraway"</a>. The New Yorker. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612112948/https://www.newyorker.com/culture/photo-booth/picture-desk-the-faraway">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved May 29, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Picture+Desk%3A+The+Faraway&rft.date=2013-12-16&rft.aulast=Bohnacker&rft.aufirst=Siobh%C3%A1n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fculture%2Fphoto-booth%2Fpicture-desk-the-faraway&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996158-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996158_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996158_76-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 158. </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamlin2003" class="citation news cs1">Hamlin, Jesse (December 20, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Raise-a-toast-to-Ansel-Adams-Sure-he-was-known-2545562.php">"Raise a toast to Ansel Adams. Sure, he was known for landscapes, but there was more to his portfolio, as these bar photos show"</a>. San Francisco Chronicle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121008151358/http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Raise-a-toast-to-Ansel-Adams-Sure-he-was-known-2545562.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 8, 2012. Retrieved January 20, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Raise+a+toast+to+Ansel+Adams.+Sure%2C+he+was+known+for+landscapes%2C+but+there+was+more+to+his+portfolio%2C+as+these+bar+photos+show&rft.date=2003-12-20&rft.aulast=Hamlin&rft.aufirst=Jesse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fentertainment%2Farticle%2FRaise-a-toast-to-Ansel-Adams-Sure-he-was-known-2545562.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFU.S._Civil_Service_Commission.1941" class="citation archive">U.S. Civil Service Commission. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/7582611">Adams, Ansel File for 23 Alphabetical Park Service</a>" (November 3, 1941). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/475">Record Group 146: Records of the U.S. Civil Service Commission, 1871–2001</a>, Series: Official Personnel File of Ansel E. Adams, October 6, 1941 – October 12, 1943, ID: 7582611. National Archives at College Park.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996159-79"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996159_79-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 159. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985312-80"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985312_80-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 312. </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/research/ansel-adams">"Ansel Adams Photographs"</a>. National Archives. August 15, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181113025711/https://www.archives.gov/research/ansel-adams">Archived</a> from the original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=Ansel+Adams+Photographs&rft.date=2016-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Fresearch%2Fansel-adams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_13-82">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_13_82-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_13_82-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996Chapter_13_82-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, Chapter 13. </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1981" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1981). The Negative. Boston: Little Brown. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/negative00adam/page/127">127</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1131-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1131-1"><bdi>978-0-8212-1131-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Negative&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=127&rft.pub=Little+Brown&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-1131-1&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198540–43,_273–275-84"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198540–43,_273–275_84-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, pp. 40–43, 273–275. </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaloney1942" class="citation book cs1">Maloney, T.J. (1942). U.S. Camera 1943 annual. New York: Duell, Sloan & Pearce. pp. 88–89.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.+Camera+1943+annual&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=88-89&rft.pub=Duell%2C+Sloan+%26+Pearce&rft.date=1942&rft.aulast=Maloney&rft.aufirst=T.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198542-87"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder198542_87-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 42. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996192-88"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996192_88-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 192. </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> See master checklist (Pdf) for <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/3386?">"Art in Progress: 15th Anniversary Exhibitions: Photography, May 24–Sep 17, 1944"</a>. The Museum of Modern Art. 2024. Retrieved September 20, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Art+in+Progress%3A+15th+Anniversary+Exhibitions%3A+Photography%2C+May+24%E2%80%93Sep+17%2C+1944&rft.pub=The+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moma.org%2Fcalendar%2Fexhibitions%2F3386%3F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996193-90"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996193_90-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 193. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985275-91"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985275_91-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 275. </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Smith_Gallery" class="citation web cs1">Andrew Smith Gallery. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.andrewsmithgallery.com/exhibitions/anseladams/arrington/">"5 prints of "Moonrise", 1941–1975"</a>. Andrew Smith Gallery. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707143556/http://www.andrewsmithgallery.com/exhibitions/anseladams/arrington/">Archived</a> from the original on July 7, 2011. Retrieved November 9, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=5+prints+of+%22Moonrise%22%2C+1941%E2%80%931975&rft.pub=Andrew+Smith+Gallery&rft.au=Andrew+Smith+Gallery&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.andrewsmithgallery.com%2Fexhibitions%2Fanseladams%2Farrington%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996189–199-93"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996189–199_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, pp. 189–199. </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artnet.com/magazineus/news/artmarketwatch/artmarketwatch10-27-06.asp">"Art Market Watch – artnet Magazine"</a>. artnet.com. October 27, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180730140403/http://www.artnet.com/magazineus/news/artmarketwatch/artmarketwatch10-27-06.asp">Archived</a> from the original on July 30, 2018. Retrieved March 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=artnet.com&rft.atitle=Art+Market+Watch+%E2%80%93+artnet+Magazine&rft.date=2006-10-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.artnet.com%2Fmagazineus%2Fnews%2Fartmarketwatch%2Fartmarketwatch10-27-06.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWrightArmor1988" class="citation book cs1">Wright, Peter; Armor, John (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/muralproject0000adam">The Mural Project</a>. Santa Barbara: Reverie Press. p. vi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55824-162-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55824-162-6"><bdi>978-1-55824-162-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mural+Project&rft.place=Santa+Barbara&rft.pages=vi&rft.pub=Reverie+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-1-55824-162-6&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Armor%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmuralproject0000adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCallahan1981" class="citation journal cs1">Callahan, Sean (1981). "Short Takes: Countdown to Moonrise". 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Sky & Telescope. 82 (November 1991): 529–533. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1991S&T....82..529D">1991S&T....82..529D</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sky+%26+Telescope&rft.atitle=Dating+Ansel+Adams%27+Moonrise&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=November+1991&rft.pages=529-533&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1991S%26T....82..529D&rft.aulast=di+Cicco&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996201-99"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996201_99-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 201. </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1943" class="citation web cs1">Adams, Ansel (1943). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/manz/item/2002695990/">"Farm, farm workers, Mt. Williamson in background, Manzanar Relocation Center, California"</a>. Ansel Adams's Photographs of Japanese-American Internment at Manzanar. Library of Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180911192333/http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/manz/item/2002695990/">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2018. 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Vernacular Language North. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.verlang.com/sfbay0004ref_timeline_05.html">the original</a> on May 24, 2012. Retrieved November 7, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SF+Bay+Area+Timeline%3A+Modernism+%281930%E2%80%931960%29&rft.pub=Vernacular+Language+North&rft.aulast=Mix&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.verlang.com%2Fsfbay0004ref_timeline_05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfai.edu/about-sfai/sfai-history">"SFAI History"</a>. San Francisco Art Institute. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190305213609/https://sfai.edu/about-sfai/sfai-history">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2019. Retrieved March 5, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SFAI+History&rft.pub=San+Francisco+Art+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfai.edu%2Fabout-sfai%2Fsfai-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFComerKlochkoGunderson2006" class="citation book cs1">Comer, Stephanie; Klochko, Deborah; Gunderson, Jeff (2006). The moment of seeing : Minor White at the California School of Fine Arts. Chronicle Books. p. 202. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-5468-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8118-5468-9"><bdi>978-0-8118-5468-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+moment+of+seeing+%3A+Minor+White+at+the+California+School+of+Fine+Arts&rft.pages=202&rft.pub=Chronicle+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8118-5468-9&rft.aulast=Comer&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft.au=Klochko%2C+Deborah&rft.au=Gunderson%2C+Jeff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985316-112"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985316_112-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 316. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996260-113"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996260_113-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, p. 260. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985375-114"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdamsAlinder1985375_114-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985">Adams & Alinder 1985</a>, p. 375. </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHellerHeller2013" class="citation book cs1">Heller, Jules; Heller, Nancy G. (December 19, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ReZkAgAAQBAJ">North American Women Artists of the Twentieth Century: A Biographical Dictionary</a>. Routledge. p. 1670. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-63889-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-63889-4"><bdi>978-1-135-63889-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240413061135/https://books.google.com/books?id=ReZkAgAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2024. 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"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/27575790">President Gerald R. Ford and First Lady Betty Ford Looking at Photographs in the Oval Office with Ansel Adams and William Turnage</a>" (January 27, 1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/1136">White House Photographic Office Collection (Ford Administration), June 12, 1973 – January 20, 1977</a>, Series: Gerald R. Ford White House Photographs, September 8, 1974 – January 20, 1977, ID: 27575790. Gerald R. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anseladams.com/ansel-adams-museum-set-photographs/">the original</a> on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ansel+Adams+Gallery&rft.atitle=The+Ansel+Adams+Museum+Set+Photographs&rft.date=2017-11-29&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanseladams.com%2Fansel-adams-museum-set-photographs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalton2007" class="citation journal cs1">Walton, John (2007). "The Land of Big Sur: Conservation on the California Coast". California History. 85 (1): 44–64. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F25161929">10.2307/25161929</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0162-2897">0162-2897</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25161929">25161929</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+History&rft.atitle=The+Land+of+Big+Sur%3A+Conservation+on+the+California+Coast&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=44-64&rft.date=2007&rft.issn=0162-2897&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25161929%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F25161929&rft.aulast=Walton&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_20,_Creation_of_the_California_Coastal_Commission_(1972)">"California Proposition 20, Creation of the California Coastal Commission (1972)"</a>. Ballotpedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190412114810/https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_20,_Creation_of_the_California_Coastal_Commission_(1972)">Archived</a> from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ballotpedia&rft.atitle=California+Proposition+20%2C+Creation+of+the+California+Coastal+Commission+%281972%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FCalifornia_Proposition_20%2C_Creation_of_the_California_Coastal_Commission_%281972%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190330200212/https://www.rencontres-arles.com/en/presentation-du-festival/">"Presentation of the festival"</a>. Les Rencontres d'Arles. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rencontres-arles.com/en/presentation-du-festival/">the original</a> on March 30, 2019. Retrieved March 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Les+Rencontres+d%27Arles&rft.atitle=Presentation+of+the+festival&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rencontres-arles.com%2Fen%2Fpresentation-du-festival%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170915071746/http://www.creativephotography.org/artists/ansel-adams">"Ansel Adams"</a>. Center for Creative Photography. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.creativephotography.org/artists/ansel-adams">the original</a> on September 15, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams&rft.pub=Center+for+Creative+Photography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.creativephotography.org%2Fartists%2Fansel-adams&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996294–295-128"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinder1996294–295_128-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinder1996">Alinder 1996</a>, pp. 294–295. </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npg.si.edu/object/npg_NPG.80.305">"Jimmy Carter"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Portrait_Gallery_(United_States)" title="National Portrait Gallery (United States)">National Portrait Gallery</a>. Retrieved April 20, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Portrait+Gallery&rft.atitle=Jimmy+Carter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnpg.si.edu%2Fobject%2Fnpg_NPG.80.305&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlinderStillmanAdamsStegner1988396-130"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlinderStillmanAdamsStegner1988396_130-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAlinderStillmanAdamsStegner1988">Alinder et al. 1988</a>, p. 396. </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson,_Scott2013" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, Scott (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/894938680">Resting Places : the Burial Sites of Over 10,000 Famous Persons</a> (2nd ed.). Jefferson, NC: McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-2599-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-2599-7"><bdi>978-1-4766-2599-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/894938680">894938680</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Resting+Places+%3A+the+Burial+Sites+of+Over+10%2C000+Famous+Persons&rft.place=Jefferson%2C+NC&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F894938680&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-2599-7&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F894938680&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbc.ca-132">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cbc.ca_132-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cbc.ca_132-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/ansel-adams-print-sells-for-record-722k-us-1.878772">https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/ansel-adams-print-sells-for-record-722k-us-1.878772</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220510222443/https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/ansel-adams-print-sells-for-record-722k-us-1.878772">Archived</a> May 10, 2022, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Ansel Adams print sells for record $722K US, CBC, June 22, 2010 </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dpreview.com/news/4925755857/iconic-ansel-adams-image-sells-for-nearly-1m-at-sotheby-s-auction-total-sales-of-6-4m">"Iconic Ansel Adams image sells for nearly $1M at Sotheby's auction, total sales of $6.4M"</a>. DPReview. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230323150812/https://www.dpreview.com/news/4925755857/iconic-ansel-adams-image-sells-for-nearly-1m-at-sotheby-s-auction-total-sales-of-6-4m">Archived</a> from the original on March 23, 2023. Retrieved April 12, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DPReview&rft.atitle=Iconic+Ansel+Adams+image+sells+for+nearly+%241M+at+Sotheby%27s+auction%2C+total+sales+of+%246.4M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dpreview.com%2Fnews%2F4925755857%2Ficonic-ansel-adams-image-sells-for-nearly-1m-at-sotheby-s-auction-total-sales-of-6-4m&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/ansel-virginia-best-adams-1904-2000/">"Virginia Best Adams (1904-2000) | American Experience | PBS"</a>. www.pbs.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pbs.org&rft.atitle=Virginia+Best+Adams+%281904-2000%29+%26%23124%3B+American+Experience+%26%23124%3B+PBS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Famericanexperience%2Ffeatures%2Fansel-virginia-best-adams-1904-2000%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wells_2005-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wells_2005_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wells_2005_135-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWells2005" class="citation book cs1">Wells, Liz (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662716.001.0001/acref-9780198662716-e-12">"Adams, Ansel"</a>. In Nicholson, Angela (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont0000unse_f1h1">The Oxford Companion to the Photograph</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780198662716.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780198662716.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-866271-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-866271-6"><bdi>978-0-19-866271-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved July 22, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Adams%2C+Ansel&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+the+Photograph&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780198662716.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-866271-6&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=Liz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780198662716.001.0001%2Facref-9780198662716-e-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorenz2003" class="citation journal cs1">Lorenz, Richard (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000000436">"Adams, Ansel"</a> (Reference). Oxford Art Online. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgao%2F9781884446054.article.T000436">10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T000436</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781884446054" title="Special:BookSources/9781884446054"><bdi>9781884446054</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181202070532/http://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000000436">Archived</a> from the original on December 2, 2018. Retrieved December 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Art+Online&rft.atitle=Adams%2C+Ansel&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgao%2F9781884446054.article.T000436&rft.isbn=9781884446054&rft.aulast=Lorenz&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordartonline.com%2Fgroveart%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fgao%2F9781884446054.001.0001%2Foao-9781884446054-e-7000000436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzarkowski1973" class="citation book cs1">Szarkowski, John (1973). Looking at Photographs: 100 Pictures from the Collection of the Museum of Modern Art. New York: N.Y. Graphic Society. p. 144. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87070-515-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87070-515-1"><bdi>978-0-87070-515-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Looking+at+Photographs%3A+100+Pictures+from+the+Collection+of+the+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=144&rft.pub=N.Y.+Graphic+Society&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-87070-515-1&rft.aulast=Szarkowski&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMason1955" class="citation book cs1">Mason, Jerry, ed. (1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10809600">The family of man : the photographic exhibition</a>. Steichen, Edward (organizer); Sandburg, Carl (writer of foreword); Norman, Dorothy (writer of added text); Lionni, Leo (book designer); Stoller, Ezra (photographer). Published for the Museum of Modern Art by Simon and Schuster in collaboration with the Maco Magazine Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190918233821/https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10809600">Archived</a> from the original on September 18, 2019. Retrieved August 4, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+family+of+man+%3A+the+photographic+exhibition&rft.pub=Published+for+the+Museum+of+Modern+Art+by+Simon+and+Schuster+in+collaboration+with+the+Maco+Magazine+Corporation&rft.date=1955&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fwork%2F10809600&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> Sollors, Werner (2018) "The Family of Man: Looking at the Photographs Now and Remembering a Visit in the 1950s" in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHurm,_GerdReitz,_AnkeZamir,_Shamoon2018" class="citation book cs1">Hurm, Gerd; Reitz, Anke; Zamir, Shamoon, eds. (2018). The family of man revisited : photography in a global age. London I.B.Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78672-297-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78672-297-3"><bdi>978-1-78672-297-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+family+of+man+revisited+%3A+photography+in+a+global+age&rft.pub=London+I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-78672-297-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandeen,_Eric_J1995" class="citation book cs1">Sandeen, Eric J (1995). Picturing an exhibition : the family of man and 1950s America (1st ed.). University of New Mexico Press. pp. 47, 59, 169. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8263-1558-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8263-1558-8"><bdi>978-0-8263-1558-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Picturing+an+exhibition+%3A+the+family+of+man+and+1950s+America&rft.pages=47%2C+59%2C+169&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=University+of+New+Mexico+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-8263-1558-8&rft.au=Sandeen%2C+Eric+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001/acref-9780199546091-e-96">"Adams, Ansel"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldencyclopedi00oxfo">World Encyclopedia</a>. Philip's. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facref%2F9780199546091.001.0001">10.1093/acref/9780199546091.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954609-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-954609-1"><bdi>978-0-19-954609-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved November 26, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Adams%2C+Ansel&rft.btitle=World+Encyclopedia&rft.pub=Philip%27s&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780199546091.001.0001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-954609-1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Facref%2F9780199546091.001.0001%2Facref-9780199546091-e-96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soccio_2016-142">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Soccio_2016_142-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soccio_2016_142-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Soccio_2016_142-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoccio2016" class="citation web cs1">Soccio, Lisa (March 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icp.org/browse/archive/constituents/ansel-adams">"Ansel Adams"</a>. International Center of Photography. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181130071849/https://www.icp.org/browse/archive/constituents/ansel-adams">Archived</a> from the original on November 30, 2018. 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Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190228065938/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/la-et-cm-william-mortensen-20150311-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2019. Retrieved February 28, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Pictorialist+William+Mortensen%2C+reviled+by+Ansel+Adams%2C+gets+new+respect&rft.date=2015-03-11&rft.aulast=Appleford&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment%2Farts%2Fla-et-cm-william-mortensen-20150311-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams" class="citation archive">Adams, Ansel. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/519861">Looking across Lake toward Mountains, "Evening, McDonald Lake, Glacier National Park," Montana</a>". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/408">Record Group 79: Records of the National Park Service, 1785–2006</a>, Series: Ansel Adams Photographs of National Parks and Monuments, 1941–1942, ID: 519861. National Archives at College Park.</cite> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDowdellZakia1973" class="citation book cs1">Dowdell, John J.; Zakia, Richard D. (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zonesystemizerfo00dowd/page/6">Zone systemizer for creative photographic control, Part 1</a>. Morgan & Morgan. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/zonesystemizerfo00dowd/page/6">6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87100-040-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87100-040-8"><bdi>978-0-87100-040-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zone+systemizer+for+creative+photographic+control%2C+Part+1&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Morgan+%26+Morgan&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-87100-040-8&rft.aulast=Dowdell&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rft.au=Zakia%2C+Richard+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fzonesystemizerfo00dowd%2Fpage%2F6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinson2007" class="citation book cs1">Robinson, Edward M. (2007). Crime scene photography. Academic Press. p. 72. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-369383-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-369383-9"><bdi>978-0-12-369383-9</bdi></a>. <q>...Ansel Adams' zone system, formulated in 1939–1940.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crime+scene+photography&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-12-369383-9&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Edward+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambrechtWoodhouse2010" class="citation book cs1">Lambrecht, Ralph W.; Woodhouse, Chris (2010). 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Retrieved April 1, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Book+of+Members%2C+1780%E2%80%932010%3A+Chapter+A&rft.pub=American+Academy+of+Arts+and+Sciences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fpublications%2FBookofMembers%2FChapterA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.californiamuseum.org/inductee/ansel-adams">"Ansel Adams"</a>. California Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190306111359/http://www.californiamuseum.org/inductee/ansel-adams">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2019. 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The Museum of Modern Art. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506115340/https://www.moma.org/collection/works/53916">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022. Retrieved May 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft.atitle=Ansel+Adams.+Mount+Williamson%2C+Sierra+Nevada%2C+from+Manzanar%2C+California.+1944+%7C+MoMA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moma.org%2Fcollection%2Fworks%2F53916&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/collection/works/53646">"Ansel Adams. Aspens, Northern New Mexico. 1958 | MoMA"</a>. The Museum of Modern Art. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506115341/https://www.moma.org/collection/works/53646">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022. Retrieved May 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft.atitle=Ansel+Adams.+Aspens%2C+Northern+New+Mexico.+1958+%7C+MoMA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.moma.org%2Fcollection%2Fworks%2F53646&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://philamuseum.org/collection/object/123497">"Moon and Half Dome, Yosemite National Park"</a>. philamuseum.org. Retrieved May 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=philamuseum.org&rft.atitle=Moon+and+Half+Dome%2C+Yosemite+National+Park&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphilamuseum.org%2Fcollection%2Fobject%2F123497&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/262578">"El Capitan, Winter, Sunrise, Yosemite National Park, California, 1968, printed 1974, Ansel Easton Adams"</a>. www.metmuseum.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506115340/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/262578">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022. Retrieved May 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+Capitan%2C+Winter%2C+Sunrise%2C+Yosemite+National+Park%2C+California%2C+1968%2C+printed+1974%2C+Ansel+Easton+Adams&rft.pub=www.metmuseum.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fart%2Fcollection%2Fsearch%2F262578&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M-BhJQqHXfQ">Ansel Adams, Photographer (1958) narrated by Beaumont Newhall</a>, August 26, 2012, retrieved July 18, 2022</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%2C+Photographer+%281958%29+narrated+by+Beaumont+Newhall&rft.date=2012-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DM-BhJQqHXfQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_and_cited_references">General and cited references</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: General and cited references">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Alinder, Mary Street (1985). Ansel Adams, an Autobiography. Boston: Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1596-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1596-8"><bdi>978-0-8212-1596-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%2C+an+Autobiography&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-1596-8&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Alinder%2C+Mary+Street&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlinderStillmanAdamsStegner1988" class="citation book cs1">Alinder, Mary; Stillman, Andrea; Adams, Ansel; Stegner, Wallace (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anseladamsletter0000adam">Ansel Adams: Letters and Images 1916–1984</a>. Boston: Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1691-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1691-0"><bdi>978-0-8212-1691-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%3A+Letters+and+Images+1916%E2%80%931984&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-1691-0&rft.aulast=Alinder&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.au=Stillman%2C+Andrea&rft.au=Adams%2C+Ansel&rft.au=Stegner%2C+Wallace&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanseladamsletter0000adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlinder1996" class="citation book cs1">Alinder, Mary Street (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anseladamsbiogra00alin">Ansel Adams: A Biography</a>. New York: Henry Holt and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-4116-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8050-4116-3"><bdi>978-0-8050-4116-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%3A+A+Biography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Henry+Holt+and+Company&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-8050-4116-3&rft.aulast=Alinder&rft.aufirst=Mary+Street&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanseladamsbiogra00alin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpaulding1998" class="citation book cs1">Spaulding, Jonathan (1998). Ansel Adams and the American landscape: a biography (1st paperback ed.). University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-21663-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-21663-1"><bdi>978-0-520-21663-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams+and+the+American+landscape%3A+a+biography&rft.edition=1st+paperback&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-520-21663-1&rft.aulast=Spaulding&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHammondAdams2002" class="citation book cs1">Hammond, Anne; Adams, Ansel (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=u4ZWk8_BM7IC">Ansel Adams: divine performance</a>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09241-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09241-7"><bdi>978-0-300-09241-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%3A+divine+performance&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-300-09241-7&rft.aulast=Hammond&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.au=Adams%2C+Ansel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Du4ZWk8_BM7IC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Toole2010" class="citation thesis cs1">O'Toole, Erin (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/305184615/">No Democracy in Quality: Ansel Adams, Beaumont and Nancy Newhall, and the Founding of the Department of Photographs at the Museum of Modern Art</a> (PhD). University of Arizona. 3402933. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230405005447/https://www.proquest.com/docview/305184615/">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=No+Democracy+in+Quality%3A+Ansel+Adams%2C+Beaumont+and+Nancy+Newhall%2C+and+the+Founding+of+the+Department+of+Photographs+at+the+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft.inst=University+of+Arizona&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=O%27Toole&rft.aufirst=Erin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F305184615%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biographies">Biographies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Biographies">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewhall1964" class="citation book cs1">Newhall, Nancy Wynne (1964). Ansel Adams. San Francisco: Sierra Club.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Sierra+Club&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Newhall&rft.aufirst=Nancy+Wynne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzarkowskiAdamsSan_Francisco_Museum_of_Modern_Art2001" class="citation book cs1">Szarkowski, John; Adams, Ansel; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (2001). Ansel Adams at 100. Boston: Little, Brown and Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-2515-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-2515-8"><bdi>978-0-8212-2515-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams+at+100&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Co.&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-2515-8&rft.aulast=Szarkowski&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Adams%2C+Ansel&rft.au=San+Francisco+Museum+of+Modern+Art&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLynesPhillipsWoodwardGeorgia_O'Keeffe_Museum2008" class="citation book cs1">Lynes, Barbara Buhler; Phillips, Sandra S; Woodward, Richard B; Georgia O'Keeffe Museum; Ansel Adams Trust (2008). Georgia O'Keeffe and Ansel Adams: natural affinities. New York: Little, Brown, and Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-11832-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-11832-3"><bdi>978-0-316-11832-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Georgia+O%27Keeffe+and+Ansel+Adams%3A+natural+affinities&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown%2C+and+Co.&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-316-11832-3&rft.aulast=Lynes&rft.aufirst=Barbara+Buhler&rft.au=Phillips%2C+Sandra+S&rft.au=Woodward%2C+Richard+B&rft.au=Georgia+O%27Keeffe+Museum&rft.au=Ansel+Adams+Trust&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSenf2020" class="citation book cs1">Senf, Rebecca (2020). Making a Photographer: The Early Work of Ansel Adams. New Haven: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300243949" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300243949"><bdi>978-0300243949</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+a+Photographer%3A+The+Early+Work+of+Ansel+Adams&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0300243949&rft.aulast=Senf&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Photographic_books">Photographic books</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Photographic books">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsNewhallBrower1960" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Newhall, Nancy; Brower, David (1960). This is the American earth. San Francisco: Sierra Club – Photogravure & Color Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+is+the+American+earth&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Sierra+Club+%E2%80%93+Photogravure+%26+Color+Co&rft.date=1960&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Newhall%2C+Nancy&rft.au=Brower%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1960" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1960). Portfolio three: Yosemite Valley. Sixteen original photographic prints by Ansel Adams. San Francisco: Sierra Club – Grabhorn Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Portfolio+three%3A+Yosemite+Valley.+Sixteen+original+photographic+prints+by+Ansel+Adams.&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Sierra+Club+%E2%80%93+Grabhorn+Press&rft.date=1960&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSuttonSuttonAdams1969" class="citation book cs1">Sutton, Ann; Sutton, Myron; Adams, Ansel (1969). The American West; a natural history. New York: Random House.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+West%3B+a+natural+history&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft.au=Sutton%2C+Myron&rft.au=Adams%2C+Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams1974" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel (1974). Stegner, Wallace; Childs, Betty (eds.). Ansel Adams: images 1923–1974. New York Graphic Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-0600-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-0600-3"><bdi>978-0-8212-0600-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%3A+images+1923%E2%80%931974&rft.pub=New+York+Graphic+Society&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-0600-3&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsPowell1976" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Powell, Lawrence Clark (1976). Photographs of the Southwest: selected photographs made from 1928 to 1968 in Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, and Utah, with a statement by the photographer. Bulfinch. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-0699-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-0699-7"><bdi>978-0-8212-0699-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Photographs+of+the+Southwest%3A+selected+photographs+made+from+1928+to+1968+in+Arizona%2C+California%2C+Colorado%2C+New+Mexico%2C+Texas%2C+and+Utah%2C+with+a+statement+by+the+photographer&rft.pub=Bulfinch&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-0699-7&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Powell%2C+Lawrence+Clark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsSzarkowskiHill1977" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Szarkowski, John; Hill, Tim (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/portfoliosofanse00adam">The portfolios of Ansel Adams</a>. Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-0723-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-0723-9"><bdi>978-0-8212-0723-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+portfolios+of+Ansel+Adams&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-0723-9&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Szarkowski%2C+John&rft.au=Hill%2C+Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fportfoliosofanse00adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsBrooksSzarkowskiNew_York_Graphic_Society1979" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Brooks, Paul; Szarkowski, John; New York Graphic Society (1979). Yosemite and the range of light. New York: Museum of Modern Art. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87070-649-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87070-649-3"><bdi>978-0-87070-649-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yosemite+and+the+range+of+light&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Museum+of+Modern+Art&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-87070-649-3&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Brooks%2C+Paul&rft.au=Szarkowski%2C+John&rft.au=New+York+Graphic+Society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlinderSzarkowskiAdams1986" class="citation book cs1">Alinder, James; Szarkowski, John; Adams, Ansel (1986). Ansel Adams: classic images. Boston: Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1629-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1629-3"><bdi>978-0-8212-1629-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%3A+classic+images&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-1629-3&rft.aulast=Alinder&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Szarkowski%2C+John&rft.au=Adams%2C+Ansel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmorWrightHerseyAdams1988" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script">Armor, John; Wright, Peter; Hersey, John; Adams, Ansel; Hersey, John; Mazal Holocaust Collection (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manzanarringoen00armo">Manzanar <bdi lang="ja">林子園</bdi></a>. New York: Times Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8129-1727-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8129-1727-7"><bdi>978-0-8129-1727-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manzanar+%E6%9E%97%E5%AD%90%E5%9C%92&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Times+Books&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-8129-1727-7&rft.aulast=Armor&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Wright%2C+Peter&rft.au=Hersey%2C+John&rft.au=Adams%2C+Ansel&rft.au=Hersey%2C+John&rft.au=Mazal+Holocaust+Collection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmanzanarringoen00armo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsStillman1990" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Stillman, Andrea Gray (1990). The American wilderness. Bulfinch. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1799-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1799-3"><bdi>978-0-8212-1799-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+wilderness&rft.pub=Bulfinch&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-1799-3&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Stillman%2C+Andrea+Gray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsPritzker1991" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Pritzker, Barry (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anseladams00adam">Ansel Adams</a>. New York: Crescent Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-517-06034-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-517-06034-6"><bdi>978-0-517-06034-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Crescent+Books&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-517-06034-6&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Pritzker%2C+Barry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanseladams00adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsStillmanTurnage1992" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Stillman, Andrea Gray; Turnage, William A (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ournationalparks0000adam">Our national parks</a>. Bulfinch. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1910-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1910-2"><bdi>978-0-8212-1910-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Our+national+parks&rft.pub=Bulfinch&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-1910-2&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Stillman%2C+Andrea+Gray&rft.au=Turnage%2C+William+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fournationalparks0000adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsCallahanSchaeferStillman1993" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Callahan, Harry M; Schaefer, John Paul; Stillman, Andrea Gray (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anseladamsincolo0000adam">Ansel Adams in color</a>. Boston: Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1980-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-1980-5"><bdi>978-0-8212-1980-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams+in+color&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-1980-5&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Callahan%2C+Harry+M&rft.au=Schaefer%2C+John+Paul&rft.au=Stillman%2C+Andrea+Gray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanseladamsincolo0000adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsStillmanSzarkowski1994" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Stillman, Andrea Gray; Szarkowski, John (1994). Yosemite and the High Sierra. Boston; New York; Toronto: Little, Brown and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-2134-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-2134-1"><bdi>978-0-8212-2134-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yosemite+and+the+High+Sierra&rft.place=Boston%3B+New+York%3B+Toronto&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8212-2134-1&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Stillman%2C+Andrea+Gray&rft.au=Szarkowski%2C+John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsUnited_States_National_Park_Service1995" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; United States National Park Service (1995). Ansel Adams: the National Park Service photographs. Artabras. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89660-056-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89660-056-0"><bdi>978-0-89660-056-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%3A+the+National+Park+Service+photographs&rft.pub=Artabras&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-89660-056-0&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=United+States+National+Park+Service&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastleberrySandweissChávezWhitney_Museum_of_American_Art1996" class="citation book cs1">Castleberry, May; Sandweiss, Martha A; Chávez, John; Whitney Museum of American Art (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/perpetualmiragep0000cast">Perpetual mirage: photographic narratives of the desert West</a>. Whitney Museum of American Art. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87427-100-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87427-100-3"><bdi>978-0-87427-100-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perpetual+mirage%3A+photographic+narratives+of+the+desert+West&rft.pub=Whitney+Museum+of+American+Art&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-87427-100-3&rft.aulast=Castleberry&rft.aufirst=May&rft.au=Sandweiss%2C+Martha+A&rft.au=Ch%C3%A1vez%2C+John&rft.au=Whitney+Museum+of+American+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fperpetualmiragep0000cast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsStillman2007" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Stillman, Andrea Gray (2007). Ansel Adams: 400 photographs. New York: Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-11772-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-11772-2"><bdi>978-0-316-11772-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%3A+400+photographs&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-316-11772-2&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Stillman%2C+Andrea+Gray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsStillmanWoodward2010" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Stillman, Andrea Gray; Woodward, Richard (2010). Ansel Adams in the national parks: photographs from America's wild places. New York: Little, Brown and Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-07846-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-07846-7"><bdi>978-0-316-07846-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams+in+the+national+parks%3A+photographs+from+America%27s+wild+places&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Co.&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-316-07846-7&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Stillman%2C+Andrea+Gray&rft.au=Woodward%2C+Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsNewhallUniversity_of_California_Press2012" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Newhall, Nancy; University of California Press (2012). Fiat lux: the University of California. Berkeley: University of California Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fiat+lux%3A+the+University+of+California&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Newhall%2C+Nancy&rft.au=University+of+California+Press&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsGalassi2014" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Galassi, Peter (2014). Ansel Adams in Yosemite Valley: Celebrating the Park at 150. New York: Little, Brown and Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0316323406" title="Special:BookSources/978-0316323406"><bdi>978-0316323406</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams+in+Yosemite+Valley%3A+Celebrating+the+Park+at+150&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Co.&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0316323406&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Galassi%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsSouza2019" class="citation book cs1">Adams, Ansel; Souza, Peter (2019). Ansel Adams' Yosemite: The Special Edition Prints. New York: Little, Brown and Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0316456128" title="Special:BookSources/978-0316456128"><bdi>978-0316456128</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%27+Yosemite%3A+The+Special+Edition+Prints&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Co.&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0316456128&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Ansel&rft.au=Souza%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Young_adult_and_children's_books">Young adult and children's books</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Young adult and children's books">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunlapMaguire1995" class="citation book cs1">Dunlap, Julie; Maguire, Kerry (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/eyeonwildstoryab0000dunl">Eye on the wild: a story about Ansel Adams</a>. Minneapolis: Carolrhoda Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-585-32289-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-585-32289-6"><bdi>978-0-585-32289-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved March 4, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eye+on+the+wild%3A+a+story+about+Ansel+Adams&rft.place=Minneapolis&rft.pub=Carolrhoda+Books&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-585-32289-6&rft.aulast=Dunlap&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.au=Maguire%2C+Kerry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feyeonwildstoryab0000dunl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGherman2002" class="citation book cs1">Gherman, Beverly (2002). Ansel Adams: America's photographer; a biography for young people. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-82445-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-82445-3"><bdi>978-0-316-82445-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%3A+America%27s+photographer%3B+a+biography+for+young+people&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-316-82445-3&rft.aulast=Gherman&rft.aufirst=Beverly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenson-ElliottHale2016" class="citation book cs1">Jenson-Elliott, Cynthia L; Hale, Christy (2016). Antsy Ansel: Ansel Adams, a life in nature. Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62779-082-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62779-082-6"><bdi>978-1-62779-082-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Antsy+Ansel%3A+Ansel+Adams%2C+a+life+in+nature&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-62779-082-6&rft.aulast=Jenson-Elliott&rft.aufirst=Cynthia+L&rft.au=Hale%2C+Christy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Documentaries">Documentaries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Documentaries">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Huszar, John (Producer and Director); Gray, Andrea (Producer) (1986). Ansel Adams, photographer. Beverly Hills, CA: Pacific Arts Video.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams%2C+photographer&rft.place=Beverly+Hills%2C+CA&rft.pub=Pacific+Arts+Video&rft.date=1986&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Burns, Ric (Producer and Director); Ness, Marilyn (Producer) (2002). Ansel Adams : a documentary film. American Experience. Alexandria, VA?: PBS DVD Video : Distributed by PBS Home Video. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7806-3939-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7806-3939-3"><bdi>978-0-7806-3939-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ansel+Adams+%3A+a+documentary+film&rft.place=Alexandria%2C+VA%3F&rft.series=American+Experience&rft.pub=PBS+DVD+Video+%3A+Distributed+by+PBS+Home+Video&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-7806-3939-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnsel+Adams" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> Ansel Adams at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ansel_Adams" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Ansel Adams">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ansel_Adams" class="extiw" title="q:Ansel Adams">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60809" class="extiw" title="d:Q60809">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aamhtml/aamhome.html">American Memory – Ansel Adams</a> "Suffering Under a Great Injustice" Ansel Adams's Photographs of Japanese-American Internment at Manzanar From the American Memory Collection of the Library of Congress.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learninglab.si.edu/collections/photographer-adams-ansel-nmahphc/Y7iE7dxVLw7oygpH">Ansel Adams collection</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History">Smithsonian National Museum of American History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/research/ansel-adams/">Records of the National Park Service – Ansel Adams Photographs</a> 226 high-resolution photographs from National Archives Still Picture Branch.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccp-emuseum.catnet.arizona.edu/view/people/asitem/A/3?t:state:flow=d60124d8-3efa-4f13-815f-836f0b8744e0">All Ansel Adams Images Online Center for Creative Photography (CCP)</a> CCP at the University of Arizona has released a digital catalog of all Adams's images.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search?q=Adams%2C+Ansel">Art of Ansel Adams</a> at <a href="/wiki/Europeana" title="Europeana">Europeana</a>. Retrieved {{{accessdate}}}</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mentalfloss.com/article/533616/10-snappy-facts-about-ansel-adams">10 Facts About Ansel Adams</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mental_Floss" title="Mental Floss">Mental Floss</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ansel-Adams-American-photographer">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IyT3YuY2V8c">Interview</a> on CBS Sunday Morning from September 1979</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1207775266"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ansel_Adams" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ansel_Adams" title="Template:Ansel Adams"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ansel_Adams" title="Template talk:Ansel Adams"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ansel_Adams" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ansel Adams"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ansel_Adams" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ansel Adams</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Photographs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lodgepole_Pines,_Lyell_Fork_of_the_Merced_River" title="Lodgepole Pines, Lyell Fork of the Merced River">Lodgepole Pines, Lyell Fork of the Merced River</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monolith,_the_Face_of_Half_Dome" title="Monolith, the Face of Half Dome">Monolith, the Face of Half Dome</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clearing_Winter_Storm,_Yosemite_National_Park" title="Clearing Winter Storm, Yosemite National Park">Clearing Winter Storm, Yosemite National Park</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moonrise,_Hernandez,_New_Mexico" title="Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico">Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening,_McDonald_Lake,_Glacier_National_Park" title="Evening, McDonald Lake, Glacier National Park">Evening, McDonald Lake, Glacier National Park</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tetons_and_the_Snake_River" title="The Tetons and the Snake River">The Tetons and the Snake River</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Sunrise,_Sierra_Nevada,_from_Lone_Pine,_California" title="Winter Sunrise, Sierra Nevada, from Lone Pine, California">Winter Sunrise, Sierra Nevada, from Lone Pine, California</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspens,_Northern_New_Mexico" title="Aspens, Northern New Mexico">Aspens, Northern New Mexico</a> (1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portfolios</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parmelian_Prints_of_the_High_Sierras" title="Parmelian Prints of the High Sierras">Parmelian Prints of the High Sierras</a> (1927)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taos_Pueblo_(book)" title="Taos Pueblo (book)">Taos Pueblo</a> (1931) (with <a href="/wiki/Mary_Hunter_Austin" title="Mary Hunter Austin">Mary Hunter Austin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Born_Free_and_Equal" title="Born Free and Equal">Born Free and Equal</a> (1944)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zone_System" title="Zone System">Zone System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_f/64" title="Group f/64">Group f/64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams:_A_Documentary_Film" title="Ansel Adams: A Documentary Film">Ansel Adams: A Documentary Film</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams_Award_for_Conservation_Photography" title="Ansel Adams Award for Conservation Photography">Ansel Adams Award for Conservation Photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams_Award_(The_Wilderness_Society)" title="Ansel Adams Award (The Wilderness Society)">Ansel Adams Award (The Wilderness Society)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansel_Adams_Wilderness" title="Ansel Adams Wilderness">Ansel Adams Wilderness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Land_of_Little_Rain" title="The Land of Little Rain">The Land of Little Rain (1950 edition)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Hasselblad_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hasselblad_Award" title="Template:Hasselblad Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hasselblad_Award" title="Template talk:Hasselblad Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hasselblad_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hasselblad Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Hasselblad_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="/wiki/Hasselblad_Award" title="Hasselblad Award">Hasselblad Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lennart_Nilsson" title="Lennart Nilsson">Lennart Nilsson</a> (1980)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ansel Adams</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Cartier-Bresson" title="Henri Cartier-Bresson">Henri Cartier-Bresson</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_%C3%81lvarez_Bravo" title="Manuel Álvarez Bravo">Manuel Álvarez Bravo</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Penn" title="Irving Penn">Irving Penn</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Haas" title="Ernst Haas">Ernst Haas</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Hamaya" title="Hiroshi Hamaya">Hiroshi Hamaya</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Boubat" title="Édouard Boubat">Édouard Boubat</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A3o_Salgado" title="Sebastião Salgado">Sebastião Salgado</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Klein_(photographer)" title="William Klein (photographer)">William Klein</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Avedon" title="Richard Avedon">Richard Avedon</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Koudelka" title="Josef Koudelka">Josef Koudelka</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sune_Jonsson" title="Sune Jonsson">Sune Jonsson</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Meiselas" title="Susan Meiselas">Susan Meiselas</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H%C3%A4usser" title="Robert Häusser">Robert Häusser</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Frank" title="Robert Frank">Robert Frank</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christer_Str%C3%B6mholm" title="Christer Strömholm">Christer Strömholm</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Eggleston" title="William Eggleston">William Eggleston</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cindy_Sherman" title="Cindy Sherman">Cindy Sherman</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Mikhailov_(photographer)" title="Boris Mikhailov (photographer)">Boris Mikhailov</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Sugimoto" title="Hiroshi Sugimoto">Hiroshi Sugimoto</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Wall" title="Jeff Wall">Jeff Wall</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malick_Sidib%C3%A9" title="Malick Sidibé">Malick Sidibé</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_and_Hilla_Becher" title="Bernd and Hilla Becher">Bernd and Hilla Becher</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Friedlander" title="Lee Friedlander">Lee Friedlander</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Goldblatt" title="David Goldblatt">David Goldblatt</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nan_Goldin" title="Nan Goldin">Nan Goldin</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graciela_Iturbide" title="Graciela Iturbide">Graciela Iturbide</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Adams_(photographer)" title="Robert Adams (photographer)">Robert Adams</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sophie_Calle" title="Sophie Calle">Sophie Calle</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walid_Raad" title="Walid Raad">Walid Raad</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Graham_(photographer)" title="Paul Graham (photographer)">Paul Graham</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Fontcuberta" title="Joan Fontcuberta">Joan Fontcuberta</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miyako_Ishiuchi" title="Miyako Ishiuchi">Miyako Ishiuchi</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Tillmans" title="Wolfgang Tillmans">Wolfgang Tillmans</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Douglas" title="Stan Douglas">Stan Douglas</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rineke_Dijkstra" title="Rineke Dijkstra">Rineke Dijkstra</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Mu%C3%B1oz_(artist)" title="Oscar Muñoz (artist)">Oscar Muñoz</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daid%C5%8D_Moriyama" title="Daidō Moriyama">Daidō Moriyama</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Jaar" title="Alfredo Jaar">Alfredo Jaar</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayanita_Singh" title="Dayanita Singh">Dayanita Singh</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Mae_Weems" title="Carrie Mae Weems">Carrie Mae Weems</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Big_Sur" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #FCC200;li"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Big_Sur" title="Template:Big Sur"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Big_Sur" title="Template talk:Big Sur"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Big_Sur" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Big Sur"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Big_Sur" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur" title="Big Sur">Big Sur</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">Populated places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_Village,_California" title="Big Sur Village, California">Big Sur Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slates_Hot_Springs" title="Slates Hot Springs">Slates Hot Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posts,_California" title="Posts, California">Posts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorda,_California" title="Gorda, California">Gorda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucia,_California" title="Lucia, California">Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamesburg,_California" title="Jamesburg, California">Jamesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Colorado_Canyon,_California" title="Palo Colorado Canyon, California">Palo Colorado Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaskett,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaskett, California">Plaskett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tassajara_Hot_Springs" title="Tassajara Hot Springs">Tassajara Hot Springs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">Land use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Los_Padres_National_Forest" title="Los Padres National Forest">Los Padres National Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventana_Wilderness" title="Ventana Wilderness">Ventana Wilderness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Peak_Wilderness" title="Silver Peak Wilderness">Silver Peak Wilderness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monterey_Bay_National_Marine_Sanctuary" title="Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary">Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfeiffer_Beach" title="Pfeiffer Beach">Pfeiffer Beach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Little_State_Natural_Reserve" title="John Little State Natural Reserve">John Little State Natural Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Pfeiffer_Burns_State_Park" title="Julia Pfeiffer Burns State Park">Julia Pfeiffer Burns State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Creek_Canyon_Ecological_Reserve" title="Joshua Creek Canyon Ecological Reserve">Joshua Creek Canyon Ecological Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Sur_State_Historic_Park" title="Point Sur State Historic Park">Point Sur State Historic Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Sur_Lighthouse" title="Point Sur Lighthouse">Point Sur Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Lobos" title="Point Lobos">Point Lobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishxenta_State_Park" title="Ishxenta State Park">Ishxenta State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrapata_State_Park" title="Garrapata State Park">Garrapata State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limekiln_State_Park" title="Limekiln State Park">Limekiln State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfeiffer_Big_Sur_State_Park" title="Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park">Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Molera_State_Park" title="Andrew Molera State Park">Andrew Molera State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Redwood_Botanical_Area" title="Southern Redwood Botanical Area">Southern Redwood Botanical Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Sur_State_Marine_Reserve_and_Marine_Conservation_Area" title="Point Sur State Marine Reserve and Marine Conservation Area">Point Sur State Marine Reserve and Marine Conservation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Creek_State_Marine_Reserve_and_Marine_Conservation_Area" title="Big Creek State Marine Reserve and Marine Conservation Area">Big Creek State Marine Reserve and Marine Conservation Area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Local / county</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Corona_Regional_Park" title="Palo Corona Regional Park">Palo Corona Regional Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Creek_Redwood_Preserve" title="Mill Creek Redwood Preserve">Mill Creek Redwood Preserve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">University</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landels-Hill_Big_Creek_Reserve" title="Landels-Hill Big Creek Reserve">Landels-Hill Big Creek Reserve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Deven_Ranch" title="Glen Deven Ranch">Glen Deven Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Sur_Ranch" title="El Sur Ranch">El Sur Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitteldorf_Preserve" title="Mitteldorf Preserve">Mitteldorf Preserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Corona_Ranch" title="Palo Corona Ranch">Palo Corona Ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Lucia_Preserve" title="Santa Lucia Preserve">Santa Lucia Preserve</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_land_use" title="Big Sur land use">Big Sur land use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Coastal_Commission" title="California Coastal Commission">California Coastal Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_Land_Trust" title="Big Sur Land Trust">Big Sur Land Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_Multi-Agency_Advisory_Council" title="Big Sur Multi-Agency Advisory Council">Big Sur Multi-Agency Advisory Council</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Big_Sur_Local_Coastal_Program_Defense_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Big Sur Local Coastal Program Defense Committee (page does not exist)">Big Sur Local Coastal Program Defense Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Coast_Land_Use_Advisory_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Coast Land Use Advisory Committee (page does not exist)">South Coast Land Use Advisory Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">Geographical features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Lucia_Range" title="Santa Lucia Range">Santa Lucia Range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malpaso_Creek" title="Malpaso Creek">Malpaso Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McWay_Falls" title="McWay Falls">McWay Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McWay_Creek" title="McWay Creek">McWay Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Sur_River" title="Little Sur River">Little Sur River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_River" title="Big Sur River">Big Sur River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragged_Point_(California)" title="Ragged Point (California)">Ragged Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson_Canyon" title="Anderson Canyon">Anderson Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Colorado_Canyon,_California" title="Palo Colorado Canyon, California">Palo Colorado Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfeiffer-Redwood_Creek" title="Pfeiffer-Redwood Creek">Pfeiffer-Redwood Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jade_Cove" title="Jade Cove">Jade Cove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sand_Dollar_Beach" title="Sand Dollar Beach">Sand Dollar Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cone_Peak" title="Cone Peak">Cone Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pico_Blanco" title="Pico Blanco">Pico Blanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventana_Double_Cone" title="Ventana Double Cone">Ventana Double Cone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junipero_Serra_Peak" title="Junipero Serra Peak">Junipero Serra Peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chews_Ridge_Lookout" title="Chews Ridge Lookout">Chews Ridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notleys_Landing,_California" title="Notleys Landing, California">Notley's Landing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Creek_Bridge_(California)" title="Big Creek Bridge (California)">Big Creek Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bixby_Creek_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Bixby Creek Bridge">Bixby Creek Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfeiffer_Beach" title="Pfeiffer Beach">Pfeiffer Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Carp%C3%B3foro_Canyon" title="San Carpóforo Canyon">San Carpóforo Canyon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">Attractions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Pico_Blanco" title="Camp Pico Blanco">Camp Pico Blanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sykes_Camp" title="Sykes Camp">Sykes Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bottchers_Gap" title="Bottchers Gap">Bottchers Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deetjen%27s_Big_Sur_Inn" title="Deetjen's Big Sur Inn">Deetjen's Big Sur Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Sur_Lighthouse" title="Point Sur Lighthouse">Point Sur Lighthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Facility_Point_Sur" title="Naval Facility Point Sur">Naval Facility Point Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepenthe_(restaurant)" title="Nepenthe (restaurant)">Nepenthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esalen_Institute" title="Esalen Institute">Esalen Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Miller_Memorial_Library" title="Henry Miller Memorial Library">Henry Miller Memorial Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventana_Wildlife_Society#Big_Sur_Condor_Sanctuary" title="Ventana Wildlife Society">Big Sur Condor Discovery Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_Folk_Festival" title="Big Sur Folk Festival">Big Sur Folk Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_International_Marathon" title="Big Sur International Marathon">Big Sur International Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_Jade_Festival" title="Big Sur Jade Festival">Big Sur Jade Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">Community</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ventana_Wildlife_Society" title="Ventana Wildlife Society">Ventana Wildlife Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventana_Wilderness_Alliance" title="Ventana Wilderness Alliance">Ventana Wilderness Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Community_Association_of_Big_Sur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Community Association of Big Sur (page does not exist)">Community Association of Big Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_Unified_School_District" title="Big Sur Unified School District">Pacific Valley School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">Trails and roads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pine_Ridge_Trail" title="Pine Ridge Trail">Pine Ridge Trail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Coast_Road_(Big_Sur)#Coast_Ridge_Road" title="Old Coast Road (Big Sur)">Coast Ridge Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Coast_Road_(Big_Sur)" title="Old Coast Road (Big Sur)">Old Coast Road </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacimiento-Fergusson_Road" title="Nacimiento-Fergusson Road">Nacimiento-Fergusson Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Sur_Coast_Highway" title="Big Sur Coast Highway">Big Sur Coast Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Colorado_Canyon,_California#Palo_Colorado_Road" title="Palo Colorado Canyon, California">Palo Colorado Road</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">Notable individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Abrego" title="José Abrego">José Abrego</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ansel Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Bautista_Alvarado" title="Juan Bautista Alvarado">Juan Bautista Alvarado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morley_Baer" title="Morley Baer">Morley Baer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Brautigan" title="Richard Brautigan">Richard Brautigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._R._Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="John B. R. Cooper">John B. R. Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaffe_Fassett" title="Kaffe Fassett">Kaffe Fassett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Randolph_Hearst" title="William Randolph Hearst">William Randolph Hearst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robinson_Jeffers" title="Robinson Jeffers">Robinson Jeffers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kerouac" title="Jack Kerouac">Jack Kerouac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_Mary_Kleefeld" title="Carolyn Mary Kleefeld">Carolyn Mary Kleefeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Murphy_(author)" title="Michael Murphy (author)">Michael Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Miller" title="Henry Miller">Henry Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emile_Norman" title="Emile Norman">Emile Norman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_A._Owings" title="Nathaniel A. Owings">Nathaniel Owings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Price" title="Dick Price">Dick Price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_S._Rigdon" title="Elmer S. Rigdon">Elmer S. Rigdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_S._Thompson" title="Hunter S. Thompson">Hunter S. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Varda" title="Jean Varda">Jean Varda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilmos_Zsigmond" title="Vilmos Zsigmond">Vilmos Zsigmond</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esselen" title="Esselen">Esselen people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salinan" title="Salinan">Salinan people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohlone" title="Ohlone">Ohlone people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_El_Sur" title="Rancho El Sur">Rancho El Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_San_Francisquito_(Munr%C3%A1s)" title="Rancho San Francisquito (Munrás)">Rancho San Francisquito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_San_Jose_y_Sur_Chiquito" class="mw-redirect" title="Rancho San Jose y Sur Chiquito">Rancho San Jose y Sur Chiquito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_Tularcitos_(Gom%C3%A9z)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rancho Tularcitos (Goméz)">Rancho Tularcitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_Milpitas_(Pastor)" title="Rancho Milpitas (Pastor)">Rancho Milpitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rancho_San_Jose_y_Sur_Chiquito" class="mw-redirect" title="Rancho San Jose y Sur Chiquito">Rancho San Jose y Sur Chiquito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_Monterey_County,_California" title="Manchester, Monterey County, California">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_Monterey_County,_California" title="Manchester, Monterey County, California">Los Burros Mining District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Macon_(ZRS-5)" title="USS Macon (ZRS-5)">USS Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Resaca_(1865)" title="USS Resaca (1865)">USS Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_Cone_Fire" title="Marble Cone Fire">Marble Cone Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basin_Complex_Fire" title="Basin Complex Fire">Basin Complex Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soberanes_Fire" title="Soberanes Fire">Soberanes Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolan_Fire" title="Dolan Fire">Dolan Fire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FCC200;li;width:1%">Flora and fauna</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedicularis_dudleyi" title="Pedicularis dudleyi">' lousewort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abies_bracteata" title="Abies bracteata">Santa Lucia fir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piperia_yadonii" class="mw-redirect" title="Piperia yadonii">Yadon's rein orchid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sequoia_sempervirens" title="Sequoia sempervirens">California coastal redwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notholithocarpus" title="Notholithocarpus">Tanbark oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quercus_agrifolia" title="Quercus agrifolia">Coast live oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbellularia" title="Umbellularia">California bay laurel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_cougar" title="North American cougar">North American cougar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_trout" title="Rainbow trout">Rainbow trout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_condor" title="California condor">California condor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #FCC200;li"><div>The exact boundaries of Big Sur are loosely defined.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60809#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60809#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60809#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121357568">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/61625857">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/35857/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJbM4qg9R3cKVMD6dtpXVC">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11881303X">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79056359">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123681937">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123681937">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00430960">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35000977">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ola2002140092&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1347240">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/822093">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068355548">Netherlands</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90271610">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000203138&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000204049&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=70089">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2018O3231">Korea</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/1zcgk3pk4q9k03k">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810569635105606">Poland</a></li><li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/47079">Vatican</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007507969005171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14238636">Belgium</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01887361?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500026108">ULAN</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/50afde10-90f6-4534-b2e2-8e2e375daa10">MusicBrainz</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/127572">RKD Artists</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/explore/collection/artist/2372/">Victoria</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/60">Museum of Modern Art</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/2053">Photographers' Identities</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gallery.ca/collection/artist/ansel-adams">National Gallery of Canada</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/784739">Trove</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd11881303X.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/11881303X">DDB</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/032702515">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10583011">NARA</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w67b4ts6">SNAC</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/48376">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&oldid=1257699698">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ansel_Adams&oldid=1257699698</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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130.022 4 Template:Navbox"," 3.95% 88.264 1 Template:Ansel_Adams"," 3.95% 88.213 13 Template:Cite_news"," 3.61% 80.606 127 Template:Main_other"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.470","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":14960328,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n\"\"\nanchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAdams\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1935\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1943\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1948\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1950\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1952\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1956\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1960\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1963\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdams2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsAlinder1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsBaker1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsBrooksSzarkowskiNew_York_Graphic_Society1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsCallahanSchaeferStillman1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsGalassi2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsNewhallBrower1960\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsNewhallUniversity_of_California_Press2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsPowell1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsPritzker1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsSouza2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsStillman1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsStillman2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsStillmanSzarkowski1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsStillmanTurnage1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsStillmanWoodward2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsSzarkowskiHill1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAdamsUnited_States_National_Park_Service1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAitken1951\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlinder1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlinderStillmanAdamsStegner1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlinderSzarkowskiAdams1986\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAndrew_Smith_Gallery\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnsel_Adams_Gallery\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAppleford2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArmorWrightHerseyAdams1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBevk2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBohnacker2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCallahan1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCastleberrySandweissChávezWhitney_Museum_of_American_Art1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFComerKlochkoGunderson2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDowdellZakia1973\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDunlapMaguire1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFraser2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrye2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGallery2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGambino2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGherman2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlenn2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHamlin2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHammondAdams2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarmanci2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHellerHeller2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoving2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHurm,_GerdReitz,_AnkeZamir,_Shamoon2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJenson-ElliottHale2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLambrechtWoodhouse2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLorenz2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLovejoy2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLynesPhillipsWoodwardGeorgia_O\u0026#039;Keeffe_Museum2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaloney1942\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMason1955\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMills2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMix\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgan2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewhall1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Toole2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobinson2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRussell1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSandeen,_Eric_J1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSecor2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSenf2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSierra_Club2008\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFSoccio2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpaulding1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStaff_writer2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStillman2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSuttonSuttonAdams1969\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSzarkowski1973\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSzarkowski2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSzarkowskiAdamsSan_Francisco_Museum_of_Modern_Art2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTurnage2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFU.S._Civil_Service_Commission.1941\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFU.S._Civil_Service_Commission.1943\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalton2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWells2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhite_House_Photographic_Office1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhittington2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson,_Scott2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWoodward2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWrightArmor1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFdi_Cicco1991\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 3,\n [\"-\"] = 1,\n [\"Abbr\"] = 2,\n [\"Ansel Adams\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Awards\"] = 1,\n [\"Big Sur\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 4,\n [\"Citation\"] = 2,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite AV media\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite archive\"] = 4,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 60,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 7,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 13,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite thesis\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 47,\n [\"Clear\"] = 2,\n [\"Convert\"] = 3,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Adams, Ansel\"] = 1,\n [\"Death date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Europeana\"] = 1,\n [\"F/\"] = 3,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 1,\n [\"Hasselblad Award\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox artist\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 1,\n [\"NoteFoot\"] = 1,\n [\"NoteTag\"] = 3,\n [\"ProQuest\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 97,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Snd\"] = 1,\n [\"TOC limit\"] = 1,\n [\"URL\"] = 2,\n [\"Ubl\"] = 2,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","460","29.1"],["?","300","19.0"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","180","11.4"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","60","3.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","3.8"],["assert","40","2.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","40","2.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntity","40","2.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntityStatements","40","2.5"],["validateData \u003Cmw.lua:728\u003E","40","2.5"],["[others]","320","20.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-ddwrv","timestamp":"20241124160802","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Ansel Adams","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ansel_Adams","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q60809","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q60809","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-09-12T07:11:43Z","dateModified":"2024-11-16T06:26:00Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/05\/Ansel_Adams_and_camera.jpg","headline":"American photographer and environmentalist (1902\u20131984)"}</script> </body> 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