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id="toc-By_countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Spain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Spain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Denmark</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Germany</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strike_fund" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strike_fund"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Strike fund</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strike_fund-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Payment by a trade union to workers on strike</div> <p><b>Strike pay</b> is a payment made by a <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">trade union</a> to workers who are on <a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">strike</a> to help in meeting their basic needs while on strike, often out of a special <a href="/wiki/Reserve_(accounting)" title="Reserve (accounting)">reserve</a> known as a <i>strike fund</i>. Union workers reason that the availability of strike pay increases their leverage at the <a href="/wiki/Collective_bargaining" title="Collective bargaining">bargaining table</a> and actually decreases the probability of a strike, since the employers are aware that their employees have this financial resource available to them if they choose to strike.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (February 2025)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> When workers strike, they can also subsist using pre-strike income and savings.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has also been used in Australian law to mean payments by employers to compensate lost earnings by employees during industrial action.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strike pay, under the usual meaning above, "is relatively uncommon in both Australia and New Zealand" according to Velden et al.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="By_countries">By countries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: By countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spain">Spain</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Spain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main unions providing a strike fund in Spain are <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es-ES"><a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Sindical_Obrera" title="Unión Sindical Obrera">Unión Sindical Obrera</a></i></span> (USO) and the Basque <a href="/wiki/Basque_Workers%27_Solidarity" title="Basque Workers' Solidarity">Basque Workers' Solidarity</a> (ELA-STV).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>According to ELA,<sup id="cite_ref-ElDiario_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ElDiario-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its fund received 13.7 million euros between 2008 and 2011, 15.1% of its expenses, and 19.1 M€ between 2012 and 2016 (16,24%). It receives amounts to 25% of the dues of its members.<sup id="cite_ref-Ferreras_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferreras-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ELA-STV strikers can receive between €1,000 /month (the <a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage" title="Minimum wage">minimum wage</a> in Spain) and €1,243. Another Basque union <span title="Basque-language text"><i lang="eu"><a href="/wiki/LAB_(Basque_union)" title="LAB (Basque union)">LAB</a></i></span> provides a maximum of €30 /day (€900 /month) after the second day of the strike.<sup id="cite_ref-Ferreras_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferreras-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Strikes funded by ELA-STV can become long: 235 days at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tubacex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tubacex (page does not exist)">Tubacex</a>, 285 among the cleaners of the <a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Bilbao_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Guggenheim Bilbao Museum">Guggenheim Bilbao Museum</a>, over 1,000 days at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Novaltia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Novaltia (page does not exist)">Novaltia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ferreras_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ferreras-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whilst some trade unions make payments to members who are on an official strike there is no requirement to do so. The UK Government makes the presumption that workers on official strike action are being paid strike pay, and so they may not be entitled to <a href="/wiki/Welfare_(financial_aid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare (financial aid)">state benefits</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Strike pay is not taxable income in the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><b><sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b> </p><p>Limited strike funds were a constraining factor on strike pay before the 1970s<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Canada, strike pay is not taxable income.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was confirmed in the 1990 Supreme Court of Canada case <i>Fries v. The Queen</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Velden et al. "in order to qualify for [strike pay], some kind of strike work, such as picketing" is usually necessary.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States, courts usually hold that strike pay is taxable income.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cases, it has been considered a gift, and thus not taxable income.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denmark">Denmark</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Denmark"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Denmark "most unions provide strike pay at the comparatively high level of up to 80% of real wages" according to Velden et al.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of collective bargaining agreements in Denmark, unions cannot provide strike pay where industrial action relates to matters already addressed in their agreement(s).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Germany"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Velden et al., strike pay is "paid to members involved in official strikes or locked out by employers" in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some instances, non-union members can receive strike pay from trade union strike funds.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Strike_fund">Strike fund</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Strike fund"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A strike fund is a reserve set up by a union ahead of time (through <a href="/wiki/Special_assessment" class="mw-redirect" title="Special assessment">special assessments</a> or from general funds) and used to provide strike pay or for other strike-related activities. </p><p>Strike funds have also been called "fighting funds"<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in Danish <i>"strejkekasse"</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Velden et al., in Belgium "unions sometimes reach an agreement with the employer to pay the wages retrospectively so that the union strike fund remains unaffected".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20180313214600/http://unitedafa.org/contract/negotiations/strike/value/default.aspx">"The Value of a Strike Fund"</a>. <i>www.unitedafa.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unitedafa.org/contract/negotiations/strike/value/default.aspx">the original</a> on 2018-03-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.unitedafa.org&rft.atitle=The+Value+of+a+Strike+Fund&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unitedafa.org%2Fcontract%2Fnegotiations%2Fstrike%2Fvalue%2Fdefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGennard1981" class="citation journal cs1">Gennard, John (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-8543.1981.tb01119.x">"The Effects of Strike Activity on Households"</a>. <i>British Journal of Industrial Relations</i>. <b>19</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">327–</span>344. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-8543.1981.tb01119.x">10.1111/j.1467-8543.1981.tb01119.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1467-8543">1467-8543</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Journal+of+Industrial+Relations&rft.atitle=The+Effects+of+Strike+Activity+on+Households&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E327-%3C%2Fspan%3E344&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-8543.1981.tb01119.x&rft.issn=1467-8543&rft.aulast=Gennard&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-8543.1981.tb01119.x&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWheelwright2013" class="citation journal cs1">Wheelwright, Karen (2013-12-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ojs.deakin.edu.au/index.php/dlr/article/view/40">"Bearing the Economic Loss of Industrial Action: The Payment of Striking Employees under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth)"</a>. <i>Deakin Law Review</i>. <b>18</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">292–</span>314. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.21153%2Fdlr2013vol18no2art40">10.21153/dlr2013vol18no2art40</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1835-9264">1835-9264</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deakin+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Bearing+the+Economic+Loss+of+Industrial+Action%3A+The+Payment+of+Striking+Employees+under+the+Fair+Work+Act+2009+%28Cth%29&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E292-%3C%2Fspan%3E314&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.21153%2Fdlr2013vol18no2art40&rft.issn=1835-9264&rft.aulast=Wheelwright&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fojs.deakin.edu.au%2Findex.php%2Fdlr%2Farticle%2Fview%2F40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelden2010" class="citation book cs1">Velden, Jacobus Hermanus Antonius van der, ed. (2010). <i>Strikes around the world, 1968-2005: case-studies of 15 countries</i>. Amsterdam Edison, NJ: Aksant. p. 179. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1"><bdi>978-90-5260-285-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strikes+around+the+world%2C+1968-2005%3A+case-studies+of+15+countries&rft.place=Amsterdam+Edison%2C+NJ&rft.pages=179&rft.pub=Aksant&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-90-5260-285-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ElDiario-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ElDiario_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuenaga2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Guenaga, Aitor (10 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eldiario.es/euskadi/euskadi/hacienda-bizkaia-investiga-sindicatos-caja-de-resistencia-ela-diputacion-euskadi_1_2799464.html">"Y 38 años después, la Hacienda vizcaína descubre la 'caja de resistencia' de ELA"</a>. <i>ElDiario.es</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ElDiario.es&rft.atitle=Y+38+a%C3%B1os+despu%C3%A9s%2C+la+Hacienda+vizca%C3%ADna+descubre+la+%27caja+de+resistencia%27+de+ELA&rft.date=2018-02-10&rft.aulast=Guenaga&rft.aufirst=Aitor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eldiario.es%2Feuskadi%2Feuskadi%2Fhacienda-bizkaia-investiga-sindicatos-caja-de-resistencia-ela-diputacion-euskadi_1_2799464.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ferreras-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ferreras_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ferreras_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ferreras_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerreras2022" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ferreras, Belén (30 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eldiario.es/euskadi/millonaria-caja-resistencia-ela-baza-mayor-sindicato-vasco-logra-mantener-huelgas-anos_1_9036489.html">"La millonaria 'caja de resistencia' de ELA, la baza con la que el mayor sindicato vasco logra mantener huelgas de años"</a>. <i>ElDiario.es</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ElDiario.es&rft.atitle=La+millonaria+%27caja+de+resistencia%27+de+ELA%2C+la+baza+con+la+que+el+mayor+sindicato+vasco+logra+mantener+huelgas+de+a%C3%B1os&rft.date=2022-05-30&rft.aulast=Ferreras&rft.aufirst=Bel%C3%A9n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eldiario.es%2Feuskadi%2Fmillonaria-caja-resistencia-ela-baza-mayor-sindicato-vasco-logra-mantener-huelgas-anos_1_9036489.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/hmrc-internal-manuals/employment-income-manual/eim06500">"EIM06500 - Employment income: strike pay from trade unions - HMRC internal manual - GOV.UK"</a>. <i>www.gov.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gov.uk&rft.atitle=EIM06500+-+Employment+income%3A+strike+pay+from+trade+unions+-+HMRC+internal+manual+-+GOV.UK&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fhmrc-internal-manuals%2Femployment-income-manual%2Feim06500&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlarieSudak2006" class="citation journal cs1">Alarie, Benjamin; Sudak, Matthew (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ssrn.com/abstract=933616">"The Taxation of Strike Pay"</a>. <i>Canadian Tax Journal</i>. <b>54</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">426–</span>449 – via <a href="/wiki/SSRN" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN">SSRN</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Tax+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Taxation+of+Strike+Pay&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E426-%3C%2Fspan%3E449&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Alarie&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.au=Sudak%2C+Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fssrn.com%2Fabstract%3D933616&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelden2010" class="citation book cs1">Velden, Jacobus Hermanus Antonius van der, ed. (2010). <i>Strikes around the world, 1968-2005: case-studies of 15 countries</i>. Amsterdam Edison, NJ: Aksant. p. 349. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1"><bdi>978-90-5260-285-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strikes+around+the+world%2C+1968-2005%3A+case-studies+of+15+countries&rft.place=Amsterdam+Edison%2C+NJ&rft.pages=349&rft.pub=Aksant&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-90-5260-285-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelden2010" class="citation book cs1">Velden, Jacobus Hermanus Antonius van der, ed. (2010). <i>Strikes around the world, 1968-2005: case-studies of 15 countries</i>. Amsterdam Edison, NJ: Aksant. p. 90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1"><bdi>978-90-5260-285-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strikes+around+the+world%2C+1968-2005%3A+case-studies+of+15+countries&rft.place=Amsterdam+Edison%2C+NJ&rft.pages=90&rft.pub=Aksant&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-90-5260-285-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelden2007" class="citation book cs1">Velden, Jacobus Hermanus Antonius van der, ed. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/185032340"><i>Strikes around the world, 1968-2005: case-studies of 15 countries</i></a>. Amsterdam : [Edison, NJ]: Aksant ; Distributed in North America by Transaction Publishers. p. 226. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1"><bdi>978-90-5260-285-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/185032340">185032340</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strikes+around+the+world%2C+1968-2005%3A+case-studies+of+15+countries&rft.place=Amsterdam+%3A+%5BEdison%2C+NJ%5D&rft.pages=226&rft.pub=Aksant+%3B+Distributed+in+North+America+by+Transaction+Publishers&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F185032340&rft.isbn=978-90-5260-285-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2F185032340&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelden2010" class="citation book cs1">Velden, Jacobus Hermanus Antonius van der, ed. (2010). <i>Strikes around the world, 1968-2005: case-studies of 15 countries</i>. Amsterdam Edison, NJ: Aksant. p. 270. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1"><bdi>978-90-5260-285-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strikes+around+the+world%2C+1968-2005%3A+case-studies+of+15+countries&rft.place=Amsterdam+Edison%2C+NJ&rft.pages=270&rft.pub=Aksant&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-90-5260-285-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20050425115747/http://www.eurofound.eu.int:80/emire/GERMANY/STRIKEPAY-DE.html">"EMIRE: GERMANY - STRIKE PAY"</a>. <i>www.eurofound.eu.int</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurofound.eu.int/emire/GERMANY/STRIKEPAY-DE.html">the original</a> on 2005-04-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.eurofound.eu.int&rft.atitle=EMIRE%3A+GERMANY+-+STRIKE+PAY&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurofound.eu.int%2Femire%2FGERMANY%2FSTRIKEPAY-DE.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20050223043518/http://www.eurofound.eu.int:80/emire/DENMARK/FIGHTINGFUND-DN.html">"EMIRE: DENMARK - FIGHTING FUND"</a>. <i>www.eurofound.eu.int</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurofound.eu.int/emire/DENMARK/FIGHTINGFUND-DN.html">the original</a> on 2005-02-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.eurofound.eu.int&rft.atitle=EMIRE%3A+DENMARK+-+FIGHTING+FUND&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurofound.eu.int%2Femire%2FDENMARK%2FFIGHTINGFUND-DN.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20050226223626/http://www.eurofound.eu.int:80/emire/DENMARK/STRIKEFUND-DN.html">"EMIRE: DENMARK - STRIKE FUND"</a>. <i>www.eurofound.eu.int</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurofound.eu.int/emire/DENMARK/STRIKEFUND-DN.html">the original</a> on 2005-02-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-02-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.eurofound.eu.int&rft.atitle=EMIRE%3A+DENMARK+-+STRIKE+FUND&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurofound.eu.int%2Femire%2FDENMARK%2FSTRIKEFUND-DN.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVelden2010" class="citation book cs1">Velden, Jacobus Hermanus Antonius van der, ed. (2010). <i>Strikes around the world, 1968-2005: case-studies of 15 countries</i>. Amsterdam Edison, NJ: Aksant. p. 201. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-5260-285-1"><bdi>978-90-5260-285-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Strikes+around+the+world%2C+1968-2005%3A+case-studies+of+15+countries&rft.place=Amsterdam+Edison%2C+NJ&rft.pages=201&rft.pub=Aksant&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-90-5260-285-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrike+pay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strike_pay&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legamus.eu/blog/?p=228">Legamus audiorecording of "Strike-Pay" by D. H. Lawrence read by Martin Geeson.</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Organized_labor" title="Template:Organized labor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Organized_labor" title="Template talk:Organized labor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Organized_labor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Organized labor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organized_labor248" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Organized labor</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labor_history_(discipline)" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor history (discipline)">Labor history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_rights" title="Labor rights">Labor rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labor movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a> (<a href="/wiki/Public-sector_trade_union" title="Public-sector trade union">public sector</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_council" title="Labour council">Labor council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_organizer" title="Union organizer">Union organizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_trade_union_center" class="mw-redirect" title="National trade union center">National trade union center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_union_federation" title="Global union federation">Global union federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionization" title="Unionization">Unionization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_representative" title="Union representative">Union representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="Clerk of the chapel">Clerk of the chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="Father of the chapel">Father of the chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_union" title="Local union">Local union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_dues" title="Union dues">Union dues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilance_committee_(trade_union)" title="Vigilance committee (trade union)">Vigilance committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_label" title="Union label">Union label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salt_(union_organizing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt (union organizing)">Salt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trades_hall" title="Trades hall">Trades hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duty_of_fair_representation" title="Duty of fair representation">Duty of fair representation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worker_center" title="Worker center">Worker center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organizing_model" title="Organizing model">Organizing model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_model" title="Service model">Service model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_movement_unionism" title="Social movement unionism">Social movement unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_unionism" title="Community unionism">Community unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Members-only_unionism" title="Members-only unionism">Members-only unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Big_Union_(concept)" title="One Big Union (concept)">One Big Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-source_unionism" title="Open-source unionism">Open-source unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_unionism" title="Business unionism">Business unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_unionism" title="Dual unionism">Dual unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity_unionism" title="Solidarity unionism">Solidarity unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndicalism" title="Syndicalism">Syndicalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Company_union" title="Company union">Company union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_union" title="Independent union">Independent union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_union" title="General union">General union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craft_unionism" title="Craft unionism">Craft unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_unionism" title="Industrial unionism">Industrial unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_union" title="Police union">Police union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industrial<br />relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Shops and hiring</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Closed_shop" title="Closed shop">Closed shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_shop" title="Open shop">Open shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agency_shop" title="Agency shop">Agency shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_shop" title="Union shop">Union shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiring_hall" title="Hiring hall">Hiring hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bump_(union)" title="Bump (union)">Bump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scope_clause" title="Scope clause">Scope clause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_co-op_model" title="Union co-op model">Union co-op model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Actions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bossnapping" title="Bossnapping">Bossnapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contingent_work" title="Contingent work">Contingent work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diversity_training" title="Diversity training">Diversity training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gherao" title="Gherao">Gherao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grievance_(labour)" title="Grievance (labour)">Grievance</a></li> <li><a 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