CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html class="no-js" lang="zh-tw"><head><meta charSet="utf-8" data-next-head=""/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" data-next-head=""/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://analytics.notify.elsevier.com" data-next-head=""/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://sp.notify.elsevier.com" data-next-head=""/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://cdn.cookielaw.org" data-next-head=""/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://js-agent.newrelic.com" data-next-head=""/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://images.ctfassets.net" data-next-head=""/><link rel="icon" href="/images/elsevier-favicon.png" type="image/png" data-next-head=""/><link rel="icon" href="/images/elsevier-favicon.svg" type="image/svg+xml" data-next-head=""/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/images/elsevier-apple-touch-icon.png" data-next-head=""/><link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json" data-next-head=""/><meta name="google-site-verification" content="0-8Ig3YtfzbeUxQdZ-TM_y8P_se41D4JrW3e0o8xgdk" data-next-head=""/><script>;window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.init={allow_bfcache:true,distributed_tracing:{enabled:true},privacy:{cookies_enabled:false},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}}; ;NREUM.loader_config={accountID:"3344122",trustKey:"2038175",agentID:"1588666277",licenseKey:"NRJS-8ad1606bcb8deff2157",applicationID:"1588666277"}; ;NREUM.info={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net",licenseKey:"NRJS-8ad1606bcb8deff2157",applicationID:"1588666277",sa:1}; ;(()=>{var e,t,r={9071:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>n});var n=0,i=navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox[\/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);i&&(n=+i[1])},6562:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P_:()=>p,Mt:()=>v,C5:()=>f,DL:()=>y,OP:()=>k,lF:()=>H,Yu:()=>E,Dg:()=>g,CX:()=>d,GE:()=>w,sU:()=>L});var n={};r.r(n),r.d(n,{agent:()=>A,match:()=>S,version:()=>O});var i=r(6797),o=r(909),a=r(8610);class s{constructor(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,a.Z)("New setting a Configurable requires an object as input");if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,a.Z)("Setting a Configurable requires a model to set its initial properties");Object.assign(this,t),Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,r]=e;const n=(0,o.q)(t);n.length&&r&&"object"==typeof r&&n.forEach((e=>{e in r&&((0,a.Z)('"'.concat(e,'" is a protected attribute and can not be changed in feature ').concat(t,". It will have no effect.")),delete r[e])})),this[t]=r}))}catch(e){(0,a.Z)("An error occured while setting a Configurable",e)}}}const c={beacon:i.ce.beacon,errorBeacon:i.ce.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},u={};function f(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!u[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return u[e]}function d(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");u[e]=new s(t,c),(0,i.Qy)(e,u[e],"info")}const l={allow_bfcache:!0,privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},ajax:{deny_list:void 0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},ssl:void 0,obfuscate:void 0,jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10},metrics:{enabled:!0},page_action:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30},page_view_event:{enabled:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,long_task:!1},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10}},h={};function p(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All configuration objects require an agent identifier!");if(!h[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return h[e]}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All configuration objects require an agent identifier!");h[e]=new s(t,l),(0,i.Qy)(e,h[e],"config")}function v(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All configuration objects require an agent identifier!");var r=p(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}const m={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},b={};function y(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!b[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return b[e]}function w(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");b[e]=new s(t,m),(0,i.Qy)(e,b[e],"loader_config")}const E=(0,i.mF)().o;var T=r(2053),A=null,O=null;if(navigator.userAgent){var x=navigator.userAgent,_=x.match(/Version\/(\S+)\s+Safari/);_&&-1===x.indexOf("Chrome")&&-1===x.indexOf("Chromium")&&(A="Safari",O=_[1])}function S(e,t){if(!A)return!1;if(e!==A)return!1;if(!t)return!0;if(!O)return!1;for(var r=O.split("."),n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length;i++)if(n[i]!==r[i])return!1;return!0}var j=r(5526),P=r(2374);const D="NRBA_SESSION_ID";function N(){if(!P.il)return null;try{let e;return null===(e=window.sessionStorage.getItem(D))&&(e=(0,j.ky)(16),window.sessionStorage.setItem(D,e)),e}catch(e){return null}}var C=r(8226);const I=e=>({customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,offset:(0,T.yf)(),onerror:void 0,origin:""+P._A.location,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},sessionId:1==v(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")?N():null,xhrWrappable:"function"==typeof P._A.XMLHttpRequest?.prototype?.addEventListener,userAgent:n,version:C.q}),R={};function k(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!R[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return R[e]}function L(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");R[e]=new s(t,I(e)),(0,i.Qy)(e,R[e],"runtime")}function H(e){return function(e){try{const t=f(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}(e)}},8226:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{q:()=>n});const n="1227.PROD"},9557:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{w:()=>o});var n=r(8610);const i={agentIdentifier:""};class o{constructor(e){try{if("object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.Z)("shared context requires an object as input");this.sharedContext={},Object.assign(this.sharedContext,i),Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,r]=e;Object.keys(i).includes(t)&&(this.sharedContext[t]=r)}))}catch(e){(0,n.Z)("An error occured while setting SharedContext",e)}}}},4329:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{L:()=>f,R:()=>c});var n=r(3752),i=r(7022),o=r(4045),a=r(2325);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:a.p[t]||0};u(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e){e&&(s[e]||(s[e]=new Map))}function f(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:"",t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:"feature";if(u(e),!e||!s[e].get(t))return a(t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0;const r=Array.from(s[e]);function a(t){const r=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,a=o.X.handlers;if(r.backlog&&a){var s=r.backlog[t],c=a[t];if(c){for(var u=0;s&&u<s.length;++u)d(s[u],c);(0,i.D)(c,(function(e,t){(0,i.D)(t,(function(t,r){r[0].on(e,r[1])}))}))}delete a[t],r.backlog[t]=null,r.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}r.every((e=>{let[t,r]=e;return r.staged}))&&(r.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),r.forEach((e=>{let[t]=e;a(t)})))}function d(e,t){var r=e[1];(0,i.D)(t[r],(function(t,r){var n=e[0];if(r[0]===n){var i=r[1],o=e[3],a=e[2];i.apply(o,a)}}))}},3752:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{c:()=>d,ee:()=>u});var n=r(6797),i=r(3916),o=r(7022),a=r(6562),s="nr@context";let c=(0,n.fP)();var u;function f(){}function d(e){return(0,i.X)(e,s,l)}function l(){return new f}function h(){u.aborted=!0,u.backlog={}}c.ee?u=c.ee:(u=function e(t,r){var n={},c={},d={},p=!1;try{p=16===r.length&&(0,a.OP)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var g={on:b,addEventListener:b,removeEventListener:y,emit:m,get:E,listeners:w,context:v,buffer:T,abort:h,aborted:!1,isBuffering:A,debugId:r,backlog:p?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{}};return g;function v(e){return e&&e instanceof f?e:e?(0,i.X)(e,s,l):l()}function m(e,r,n,i,o){if(!1!==o&&(o=!0),!u.aborted||i){t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=v(n),s=w(e),f=s.length,d=0;d<f;d++)s[d].apply(a,r);var l=O()[c[e]];return l&&l.push([g,e,r,a]),a}}function b(e,t){n[e]=w(e).concat(t)}function y(e,t){var r=n[e];if(r)for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)}function w(e){return n[e]||[]}function E(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(g,t)}function T(e,t){var r=O();g.aborted||(0,o.D)(e,(function(e,n){t=t||"feature",c[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))}function A(e){return!!O()[c[e]]}function O(){return g.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),c.ee=u)},9252:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{E:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(3752).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},4045:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{X:()=>o});var n=r(9252);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.E,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.E);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},8544:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{bP:()=>s,iz:()=>c,m$:()=>a});var n=r(2374);let i=!1,o=!1;try{const e={get passive(){return i=!0,!1},get signal(){return o=!0,!1}};n._A.addEventListener("test",null,e),n._A.removeEventListener("test",null,e)}catch(e){}function a(e,t){return i||o?{capture:!!e,passive:i,signal:t}:!!e}function s(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2];window.addEventListener(e,t,a(r))}function c(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2];document.addEventListener(e,t,a(r))}},5526:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ht:()=>a,M:()=>o,Rl:()=>i,ky:()=>s});var n=r(2374);function i(){var e=null,t=0,r=n._A?.crypto||n._A?.msCrypto;function i(){return e?15&e[t++]:16*Math.random()|0}r&&r.getRandomValues&&(e=r.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));for(var o,a="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",s="",c=0;c<a.length;c++)s+="x"===(o=a[c])?i().toString(16):"y"===o?(o=3&i()|8).toString(16):o;return s}function o(){return s(16)}function a(){return s(32)}function s(e){var t=null,r=0,n=self.crypto||self.msCrypto;n&&n.getRandomValues&&Uint8Array&&(t=n.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));for(var i=[],o=0;o<e;o++)i.push(a().toString(16));return i.join("");function a(){return t?15&t[r++]:16*Math.random()|0}}},2053:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{nb:()=>s,os:()=>c,yf:()=>a,zO:()=>o});var n=(new Date).getTime(),i=n;function o(){return performance?.now?Math.round(performance.now()):(n=Math.max((new Date).getTime(),n))-i}function a(){return n}function s(e){i=e}function c(){return i}},6625:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{s:()=>a,v:()=>s});var n=r(8283),i=r(2053),o=r(2374);let a=!0;function s(e){var t=function(){a=!1;const e=o._A?.performance?.timeOrigin||o._A?.performance?.timing?.navigationStart;if(!e)return;return Math.round(e)}();t&&((0,n.B)(e,"starttime",t),(0,i.nb)(t))}},8283:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{B:()=>o,L:()=>a});var n=r(2053),i={};function o(e,t,r){void 0===r&&(r=(0,n.zO)()+(0,n.os)()),i[e]=i[e]||{},i[e][t]=r}function a(e,t,r,n){const o=e.sharedContext.agentIdentifier;var a=i[o]?.[r],s=i[o]?.[n];void 0!==a&&void 0!==s&&e.store("measures",t,{value:s-a})}},2545:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{L:()=>c});var n=r(9071),i=r(8544),o=r(8305),a=r(2374),s=r(6998);if(a.v6){a._A.cleanupTasks=[];const e=a._A.close;a._A.close=()=>{for(let e of a._A.cleanupTasks)e();e()}}function c(e,t){if(a.il)if(t)(0,s.N)(e,!0),(0,i.bP)("pagehide",e);else{var r=(0,o.Z)(e);!n.I||navigator.sendBeacon?(0,i.bP)("pagehide",r):(0,i.bP)("beforeunload",r),(0,i.bP)("unload",r)}else a.v6&&a._A.cleanupTasks.push(e)}},6368:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{e:()=>o});var n=r(2374),i={};function o(e){if(e in i)return i[e];if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};let t;var r=n._A?.location,o={};if(n.il)t=document.createElement("a"),t.href=e;else try{t=new URL(e,r.href)}catch(e){return o}o.port=t.port;var a=t.href.split("://");!o.port&&a[1]&&(o.port=a[1].split("/")[0].split("@").pop().split(":")[1]),o.port&&"0"!==o.port||(o.port="https"===a[0]?"443":"80"),o.hostname=t.hostname||r.hostname,o.pathname=t.pathname,o.protocol=a[0],"/"!==o.pathname.charAt(0)&&(o.pathname="/"+o.pathname);var s=!t.protocol||":"===t.protocol||t.protocol===r.protocol,c=t.hostname===r.hostname&&t.port===r.port;return o.sameOrigin=s&&(!t.hostname||c),"/"===o.pathname&&(i[e]=o),o}},8610:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){console&&console.warn&&"function"==typeof console.warn&&(console.warn("New Relic: ".concat(e)),t&&console.warn(t))}r.d(t,{Z:()=>n})},3916:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{X:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},2374:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{_A:()=>o,il:()=>n,lW:()=>a,v6:()=>i});const n=Boolean("undefined"!=typeof window&&window.document),i=Boolean("undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator);let o=(()=>{if(n)return window;if(i){if("undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope)return globalThis;if(self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope)return self}throw new Error('New Relic browser agent shutting down due to error: Unable to locate global scope. This is possibly due to code redefining browser global variables like "self" and "window".')})();function a(){return o}},7022:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t){var r=[],i="",o=0;for(i in e)n.call(e,i)&&(r[o]=t(i,e[i]),o+=1);return r}},8305:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Z:()=>o});var n=r(8683),i=r.n(n);function o(e){var t,r=!1;return function(){return r?t:(r=!0,t=e.apply(this,i()(arguments)))}}},2650:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{K:()=>a,b:()=>o});var n=r(8544);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.bP)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.iz)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},6797:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{EZ:()=>u,Qy:()=>c,ce:()=>o,fP:()=>a,gG:()=>f,mF:()=>s});var n=r(2053),i=r(2374);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return i._A.NREUM||(i._A.NREUM={}),void 0===i._A.newrelic&&(i._A.newrelic=i._A.NREUM),i._A.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:i._A.setTimeout,SI:i._A.setImmediate,CT:i._A.clearTimeout,XHR:i._A.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:i._A.Request,EV:i._A.Event,PR:i._A.Promise,MO:i._A.MutationObserver,FETCH:i._A.fetch}),e}function c(e,t,r){let i=a();const o=i.initializedAgents||{},s=o[e]||{};return Object.keys(s).length||(s.initializedAt={ms:(0,n.zO)(),date:new Date}),i.initializedAgents={...o,[e]:{...s,[r]:t}},i}function u(e,t){a()[e]=t}function f(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},6998:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{N:()=>i,e:()=>o});var n=r(8544);function i(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]&&arguments[1];return void(0,n.iz)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t){if("hidden"!=document.visibilityState)return;e()}e(document.visibilityState)}))}function o(){return"hidden"===document.visibilityState?-1:1/0}},6408:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>i});var n=r(2374);function i(){return"function"==typeof n._A?.PerformanceObserver}},8675:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>n});const n=r(2325).D.ajax},8322:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>i,t:()=>n});const n=r(2325).D.jserrors,i="nr@seenError"},6034:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{gF:()=>o,mY:()=>i,t9:()=>n,vz:()=>s,xS:()=>a});const n=r(2325).D.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6486:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>n});const n=r(2325).D.pageAction},2484:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>n});const n=r(2325).D.pageViewEvent},6382:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>n});const n=r(2325).D.pageViewTiming},2628:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.r(t),r.d(t,{ADD_EVENT_LISTENER:()=>g,BST_RESOURCE:()=>a,BST_TIMER:()=>l,END:()=>u,FEATURE_NAME:()=>i,FN_END:()=>d,FN_START:()=>f,ORIG_EVENT:()=>p,PUSH_STATE:()=>h,RESOURCE:()=>s,RESOURCE_TIMING_BUFFER_FULL:()=>o,START:()=>c});var n=r(6562);const i=r(2325).D.sessionTrace,o="resourcetimingbufferfull",a="bstResource",s="resource",c="-start",u="-end",f="fn"+c,d="fn"+u,l="bstTimer",h="pushState",p=n.Yu.EV,g="addEventListener"},755:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.r(t),r.d(t,{BODY:()=>T,CB_END:()=>A,CB_START:()=>u,END:()=>E,FEATURE_NAME:()=>i,FETCH:()=>x,FETCH_BODY:()=>m,FETCH_DONE:()=>v,FETCH_START:()=>g,FN_END:()=>c,FN_START:()=>s,INTERACTION:()=>l,INTERACTION_API:()=>f,INTERACTION_EVENTS:()=>o,JSONP_END:()=>b,JSONP_NODE:()=>p,JS_TIME:()=>O,MAX_TIMER_BUDGET:()=>a,REMAINING:()=>d,SPA_NODE:()=>h,START:()=>w,originalSetTimeout:()=>y});var n=r(6562);r(2374);const i=r(2325).D.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",f="api-ixn-",d="remaining",l="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",v="fetch-done",m="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=n.Yu.ST,w="-start",E="-end",T="-body",A="cb"+E,O="jsTime",x="fetch"},1509:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>s});var n=r(6562),i=r(3752),o=r(2384),a=r(6797);class s{constructor(e,t,r){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.aggregator=t,this.ee=i.ee.get(e,(0,n.OP)(this.agentIdentifier).isolatedBacklog),this.featureName=r,this.blocked=!1,this.checkConfiguration()}checkConfiguration(){if(!(0,n.lF)(this.agentIdentifier)){let e={...(0,a.gG)().info?.jsAttributes};try{e={...e,...(0,n.C5)(this.agentIdentifier)?.jsAttributes}}catch(e){}(0,o.j)(this.agentIdentifier,{...(0,a.gG)(),info:{...(0,a.gG)().info,jsAttributes:e}})}}}},2384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>w});var n=r(8683),i=r.n(n),o=r(2325),a=r(6562),s=r(9252),c=r(7022),u=r(3752),f=r(2053),d=r(4329),l=r(2650),h=r(2374),p=r(8610),g=r(6034);function v(e){["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError"].forEach((t=>{e[t]=function(){for(var r=arguments.length,n=new Array(r),i=0;i<r;i++)n[i]=arguments[i];return function(t){for(var r=arguments.length,n=new Array(r>1?r-1:0),i=1;i<r;i++)n[i-1]=arguments[i];Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&e.api[t](...n)}))}(t,...n)}}))}var m=r(6797);const b={stn:[o.D.sessionTrace],err:[o.D.jserrors,o.D.metrics],ins:[o.D.pageAction],spa:[o.D.spa]};const y={};function w(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},n=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,w=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0,{init:E,info:T,loader_config:A,runtime:O={loaderType:n},exposed:x=!0}=t;const _=(0,m.gG)();let S={};return T||(E=_.init,T=_.info,A=_.loader_config,S=_),h.v6&&(T.jsAttributes={...T.jsAttributes,isWorker:!0}),(0,a.CX)(e,T),(0,a.Dg)(e,E||{}),(0,a.GE)(e,A||{}),(0,a.sU)(e,O),function(e,t,n){n||(0,d.R)(e,"api"),v(t);var m=u.ee.get(e),b=m.get("tracer"),y="api-",w=y+"ixn-";function E(){}(0,c.D)(["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit","addRelease"],(function(e,r){t[r]=A(y,r,!0,"api")})),t.addPageAction=A(y,"addPageAction",!0,o.D.pageAction),t.setCurrentRouteName=A(y,"routeName",!0,o.D.spa),t.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,a.OP)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,A(y,"setPageViewName",!0,"api")()},t.setCustomAttribute=function(t,r){const n=(0,a.C5)(e);return(0,a.CX)(e,{...n,jsAttributes:{...n.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),A(y,"setCustomAttribute",!0,"api")()},t.interaction=function(){return(new E).get()};var T=E.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},n=this,i="function"==typeof t;return(0,s.p)(w+"tracer",[(0,f.zO)(),e,r],n,o.D.spa,m),function(){if(b.emit((i?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,f.zO)(),n,i],r),i)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){throw b.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,"string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e],r),e}finally{b.emit("fn-end",[(0,f.zO)()],r)}}}};function A(e,t,r,n){return function(){return(0,s.p)(g.xS,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,o.D.metrics,m),(0,s.p)(e+t,[(0,f.zO)()].concat(i()(arguments)),r?null:this,n,m),r?void 0:this}}function O(){r.e(439).then(r.bind(r,5692)).then((t=>{let{setAPI:r}=t;r(e),(0,d.L)(e,"api")})).catch((()=>(0,p.Z)("Downloading runtime APIs failed...")))}(0,c.D)("actionText,setName,setAttribute,save,ignore,onEnd,getContext,end,get".split(","),(function(e,t){T[t]=A(w,t,void 0,o.D.spa)})),t.noticeError=function(e,t){"string"==typeof e&&(e=new Error(e)),(0,s.p)(g.xS,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,o.D.metrics,m),(0,s.p)("err",[e,(0,f.zO)(),!1,t],void 0,o.D.jserrors,m)},h.v6?O():(0,l.b)((()=>O()),!0)}(e,S,w),(0,m.Qy)(e,_,"api"),(0,m.Qy)(e,x,"exposed"),(0,m.EZ)("activatedFeatures",y),(0,m.EZ)("setToken",(t=>function(e,t){var r=u.ee.get(t);e&&"object"==typeof e&&((0,c.D)(e,(function(e,t){if(!t)return(b[e]||[]).forEach((t=>{(0,s.p)("block-"+e,[],void 0,t,r)}));y[e]||((0,s.p)("feat-"+e,[],void 0,b[e],r),y[e]=!0)})),(0,d.L)(t,o.D.pageViewEvent))}(t,e))),S}},909:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Z:()=>i,q:()=>o});var n=r(2325);function i(e){switch(e){case n.D.ajax:return[n.D.jserrors];case n.D.sessionTrace:return[n.D.ajax,n.D.pageViewEvent];case n.D.pageViewTiming:return[n.D.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}function o(e){return e===n.D.jserrors?[]:["auto"]}},2325:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>n,p:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",jserrors:"jserrors",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionTrace:"session_trace",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.ajax]:5,[n.sessionTrace]:6,[n.pageAction]:7,[n.spa]:8}},8683:e=>{e.exports=function(e,t,r){t||(t=0),void 0===r&&(r=e?e.length:0);for(var n=-1,i=r-t||0,o=Array(i<0?0:i);++n<i;)o[n]=e[t+n];return o}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.n=e=>{var t=e&&e.__esModule?()=>e.default:()=>e;return i.d(t,{a:t}),t},i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>(({78:"page_action-aggregate",147:"metrics-aggregate",193:"session_trace-aggregate",317:"jserrors-aggregate",348:"page_view_timing-aggregate",439:"async-api",729:"lazy-loader",786:"page_view_event-aggregate",873:"spa-aggregate",898:"ajax-aggregate"}[e]||e)+"."+{78:"2f41aaf7",147:"28086cfb",178:"52056f28",193:"545db67a",317:"941c6e17",348:"a7d9d7be",439:"737e0ca6",729:"540ab0d1",786:"2ae3c96c",873:"494130b7",898:"52cc993d"}[e]+"-1227.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),f=0;f<u.length;f++){var d=u[f];if(d.getAttribute("src")==r||d.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=d;break}}s||(c=!0,(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r),e[r]=[n];var l=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(h);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},h=setTimeout(l.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=l.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=l.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={134:0,935:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=window.webpackChunkNRBA=window.webpackChunkNRBA||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})();var o={};(()=>{"use strict";i.r(o);var e=i(2325),t=i(6562);const r=Object.values(e.D);function n(e){const n={};return r.forEach((r=>{n[r]=function(e,r){return!1!==(0,t.Mt)(r,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),n}var a=i(2384),s=i(909),c=i(9252),u=i(2053),f=i(8283),d=i(6625),l=i(4329),h=i(1509),p=i(2650),g=i(2374),v=i(8610);class m extends h.W{constructor(e,t,r){let n=!(arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3])||arguments[3];super(e,t,r),this.hasAggregator=!1,this.auto=n,this.abortHandler,n&&(0,l.R)(e,r)}importAggregator(){if(this.hasAggregator||!this.auto)return;this.hasAggregator=!0;const e=async()=>{try{const{lazyLoader:e}=await i.e(729).then(i.bind(i,8110)),{Aggregate:t}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");new t(this.agentIdentifier,this.aggregator)}catch(e){(0,v.Z)("Downloading ".concat(this.featureName," failed...")),this.abortHandler?.()}};g.v6?e():(0,p.b)((()=>e()),!0)}}var b,y,w,E=i(2484);class T extends m{constructor(e,t){let r=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,E.t,r),(0,d.v)(e),(0,f.B)(e,"firstbyte",(0,u.yf)()),(0,p.K)((()=>this.measureDomContentLoaded())),(0,p.b)((()=>this.measureWindowLoaded()),!0),this.importAggregator()}measureWindowLoaded(){var t=(0,u.zO)();(0,f.B)(this.agentIdentifier,"onload",t+(0,u.os)()),(0,c.p)("timing",["load",t],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee)}measureDomContentLoaded(){(0,f.B)(this.agentIdentifier,"domContent",(0,u.zO)()+(0,u.os)())}}b=T,y="featureName",w=E.t,(y=function(e){var t=function(e,t){if("object"!=typeof e||null===e)return e;var r=e[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==r){var n=r.call(e,t||"default");if("object"!=typeof n)return n;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===t?String:Number)(e)}(e,"string");return"symbol"==typeof t?t:String(t)}(y))in b?Object.defineProperty(b,y,{value:w,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):b[y]=w;var A=i(9557),O=i(7022);class x extends A.w{constructor(e){super(e),this.aggregatedData={}}store(e,t,r,n,i){var o=this.getBucket(e,t,r,i);return o.metrics=function(e,t){t||(t={count:0});return t.count+=1,(0,O.D)(e,(function(e,r){t[e]=_(r,t[e])})),t}(n,o.metrics),o}merge(e,t,r,n,i){var o=this.getBucket(e,t,n,i);if(o.metrics){var a=o.metrics;a.count+=r.count,(0,O.D)(r,(function(e,t){if("count"!==e){var n=a[e],i=r[e];i&&!i.c?a[e]=_(i.t,n):a[e]=function(e,t){if(!t)return e;t.c||(t=S(t.t));return t.min=Math.min(e.min,t.min),t.max=Math.max(e.max,t.max),t.t+=e.t,t.sos+=e.sos,t.c+=e.c,t}(i,a[e])}}))}else o.metrics=r}storeMetric(e,t,r,n){var i=this.getBucket(e,t,r);return i.stats=_(n,i.stats),i}getBucket(e,t,r,n){this.aggregatedData[e]||(this.aggregatedData[e]={});var i=this.aggregatedData[e][t];return i||(i=this.aggregatedData[e][t]={params:r||{}},n&&(i.custom=n)),i}get(e,t){return t?this.aggregatedData[e]&&this.aggregatedData[e][t]:this.aggregatedData[e]}take(e){for(var t={},r="",n=!1,i=0;i<e.length;i++)t[r=e[i]]=j(this.aggregatedData[r]),t[r].length&&(n=!0),delete this.aggregatedData[r];return n?t:null}}function _(e,t){return null==e?function(e){e?e.c++:e={c:1};return e}(t):t?(t.c||(t=S(t.t)),t.c+=1,t.t+=e,t.sos+=e*e,e>t.max&&(t.max=e),e<t.min&&(t.min=e),t):{t:e}}function S(e){return{t:e,min:e,max:e,sos:e*e,c:1}}function j(e){return"object"!=typeof e?[]:(0,O.D)(e,P)}function P(e,t){return t}var D=i(6797),N=i(5526);var C,I=i(6998),R=i(8544),k=i(6382),L=-1,H=function(e){addEventListener("pageshow",(function(t){t.persisted&&(L=t.timeStamp,e(t))}),!0)},z=function(){return window.performance&&performance.getEntriesByType&&performance.getEntriesByType("navigation")[0]},M=function(){var e=z();return e&&e.activationStart||0},B=function(e,t){var r=z(),n="navigate";return L>=0?n="back-forward-cache":r&&(n=document.prerendering||M()>0?"prerender":document.wasDiscarded?"restore":r.type.replace(/_/g,"-")),{name:e,value:void 0===t?-1:t,rating:"good",delta:0,entries:[],id:"v3-".concat(Date.now(),"-").concat(Math.floor(8999999999999*Math.random())+1e12),navigationType:n}},F=function(e,t,r){try{if(PerformanceObserver.supportedEntryTypes.includes(e)){var n=new PerformanceObserver((function(e){Promise.resolve().then((function(){t(e.getEntries())}))}));return n.observe(Object.assign({type:e,buffered:!0},r||{})),n}}catch(e){}},U=function(e,t){var r=function r(n){"pagehide"!==n.type&&"hidden"!==document.visibilityState||(e(n),t&&(removeEventListener("visibilitychange",r,!0),removeEventListener("pagehide",r,!0)))};addEventListener("visibilitychange",r,!0),addEventListener("pagehide",r,!0)},V=function(e,t,r,n){var i,o;return function(a){t.value>=0&&(a||n)&&((o=t.value-(i||0))||void 0===i)&&(i=t.value,t.delta=o,t.rating=function(e,t){return e>t[1]?"poor":e>t[0]?"needs-improvement":"good"}(t.value,r),e(t))}},W=function(e){document.prerendering?addEventListener("prerenderingchange",(function(){return e()}),!0):e()},q=(new Date,0),G=1/0,X=0,$=function(e){e.forEach((function(e){e.interactionId&&(G=Math.min(G,e.interactionId),X=Math.max(X,e.interactionId),q=X?(X-G)/7+1:0)}))},Z=function(){return C?q:performance.interactionCount||0},Y=function(){"interactionCount"in performance||C||(C=F("event",$,{type:"event",buffered:!0,durationThreshold:0}))},Q=0,J=function(){return Z()-Q},K=[],ee={},te=function(e){var t=K[K.length-1],r=ee[e.interactionId];if(r||K.length<10||e.duration>t.latency){if(r)r.entries.push(e),r.latency=Math.max(r.latency,e.duration);else{var n={id:e.interactionId,latency:e.duration,entries:[e]};ee[n.id]=n,K.push(n)}K.sort((function(e,t){return t.latency-e.latency})),K.splice(10).forEach((function(e){delete ee[e.id]}))}},re=i(2545);class ne extends m{constructor(r,n){var i;let o=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];if(super(r,n,k.t,o),i=this,g.il){if(this.pageHiddenTime=(0,I.e)(),this.performanceObserver,this.lcpPerformanceObserver,this.clsPerformanceObserver,this.fiRecorded=!1,"PerformanceObserver"in window&&"function"==typeof window.PerformanceObserver){this.performanceObserver=new PerformanceObserver((function(){return i.perfObserver(...arguments)}));try{this.performanceObserver.observe({entryTypes:["paint"]})}catch(e){}this.lcpPerformanceObserver=new PerformanceObserver((function(){return i.lcpObserver(...arguments)}));try{this.lcpPerformanceObserver.observe({entryTypes:["largest-contentful-paint"]})}catch(e){}this.clsPerformanceObserver=new PerformanceObserver((function(){return i.clsObserver(...arguments)}));try{this.clsPerformanceObserver.observe({type:"layout-shift",buffered:!0})}catch(e){}}this.fiRecorded=!1;["click","keydown","mousedown","pointerdown","touchstart"].forEach((e=>{(0,R.iz)(e,(function(){return i.captureInteraction(...arguments)}))})),function(e,t){t=t||{},W((function(){var r=[200,500];Y();var n,i=B("INP"),o=function(e){e.forEach((function(e){e.interactionId&&te(e),"first-input"===e.entryType&&!K.some((function(t){return t.entries.some((function(t){return e.duration===t.duration&&e.startTime===t.startTime}))}))&&te(e)}));var t,r=(t=Math.min(K.length-1,Math.floor(J()/50)),K[t]);r&&r.latency!==i.value&&(i.value=r.latency,i.entries=r.entries,n())},a=F("event",o,{durationThreshold:t.durationThreshold||40});n=V(e,i,r,t.reportAllChanges),a&&(a.observe({type:"first-input",buffered:!0}),U((function(){o(a.takeRecords()),i.value<0&&J()>0&&(i.value=0,i.entries=[]),n(!0)})),H((function(){K=[],Q=Z(),i=B("INP"),n=V(e,i,r,t.reportAllChanges)})))}))}((t=>{let{name:r,value:n,id:i}=t;(0,c.p)("timing",[r.toLowerCase(),n,{metricId:i}],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee)})),!0===(0,t.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"page_view_timing.long_task")&&(e=>{const t=t=>{t.forEach((t=>{const r={name:"LT",value:t.duration,info:{ltFrame:t.name,ltStart:t.startTime,ltCtr:t.attribution[0].containerType}};"window"!==r.info.ltCtr&&Object.assign(r.info,{ltCtrSrc:t.attribution[0].containerSrc,ltCtrId:t.attribution[0].containerId,ltCtrName:t.attribution[0].containerName}),e(r)}))};let r;try{PerformanceObserver.supportedEntryTypes.includes("longtask")&&(r=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{Promise.resolve().then((()=>{t(e.getEntries())}))})),r.observe({type:"longtask",buffered:!0}))}catch(e){}r&&(0,re.L)((()=>{t(r.takeRecords())}),!0)})((t=>{let{name:r,value:n,info:i}=t;(0,c.p)("timing",[r.toLowerCase(),n,i],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee)})),(0,I.N)((()=>{this.pageHiddenTime=(0,u.zO)(),(0,c.p)("docHidden",[this.pageHiddenTime],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee)}),!0),(0,R.bP)("pagehide",(()=>(0,c.p)("winPagehide",[(0,u.zO)()],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee))),this.importAggregator()}}perfObserver(t,r){t.getEntries().forEach((t=>{"first-paint"===t.name?(0,c.p)("timing",["fp",Math.floor(t.startTime)],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee):"first-contentful-paint"===t.name&&(0,c.p)("timing",["fcp",Math.floor(t.startTime)],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee)}))}lcpObserver(t,r){var n=t.getEntries();if(n.length>0){var i=n[n.length-1];if(this.pageHiddenTime<i.startTime)return;var o=[i],a=this.addConnectionAttributes({});a&&o.push(a),(0,c.p)("lcp",o,void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee)}}clsObserver(t){t.getEntries().forEach((t=>{t.hadRecentInput||(0,c.p)("cls",[t],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee)}))}addConnectionAttributes(e){var t=navigator.connection||navigator.mozConnection||navigator.webkitConnection;if(t)return t.type&&(e["net-type"]=t.type),t.effectiveType&&(e["net-etype"]=t.effectiveType),t.rtt&&(e["net-rtt"]=t.rtt),t.downlink&&(e["net-dlink"]=t.downlink),e}captureInteraction(r){if(r instanceof t.Yu.EV&&!this.fiRecorded){var n=Math.round(r.timeStamp),i={type:r.type};this.addConnectionAttributes(i),n<=(0,u.zO)()?i.fid=(0,u.zO)()-n:n>(0,u.os)()&&n<=Date.now()?(n-=(0,u.os)(),i.fid=(0,u.zO)()-n):n=(0,u.zO)(),this.fiRecorded=!0,(0,c.p)("timing",["fi",n,i],void 0,e.D.pageViewTiming,this.ee)}}}!function(e,t,r){(t=function(e){var t=function(e,t){if("object"!=typeof e||null===e)return e;var r=e[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==r){var n=r.call(e,t||"default");if("object"!=typeof n)return n;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===t?String:Number)(e)}(e,"string");return"symbol"==typeof t?t:String(t)}(t))in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:r,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=r}(ne,"featureName",k.t);const ie={dedicated:Boolean(g._A?.Worker),shared:Boolean(g._A?.SharedWorker),service:Boolean(g._A?.navigator?.serviceWorker)};let oe,ae,se;var ce=i(6034);class ue extends m{constructor(t,r){let n=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(t,r,ce.t9,n),function(e){if(!oe){if(ie.dedicated){oe=Worker;try{g._A.Worker=r(oe,"Dedicated")}catch(e){o(e,"Dedicated")}if(ie.shared){ae=SharedWorker;try{g._A.SharedWorker=r(ae,"Shared")}catch(e){o(e,"Shared")}}else n("Shared");if(ie.service){se=navigator.serviceWorker.register;try{g._A.navigator.serviceWorker.register=(t=se,function(){for(var e=arguments.length,r=new Array(e),n=0;n<e;n++)r[n]=arguments[n];return i("Service",r[1]?.type),t.apply(navigator.serviceWorker,r)})}catch(e){o(e,"Service")}}else n("Service");var t;return}n("All")}function r(e,t){return"undefined"==typeof Proxy?e:new Proxy(e,{construct:(e,r)=>(i(t,r[1]?.type),new e(...r))})}function n(t){g.v6||e("Workers/".concat(t,"/Unavailable"))}function i(t,r){e("Workers/".concat(t,"module"===r?"/Module":"/Classic"))}function o(t,r){e("Workers/".concat(r,"/SM/Unsupported")),(0,v.Z)("NR Agent: Unable to capture ".concat(r," workers."),t)}}((t=>(0,c.p)(ce.xS,[t],void 0,e.D.metrics,this.ee))),this.importAggregator()}}!function(e,t,r){(t=function(e){var t=function(e,t){if("object"!=typeof e||null===e)return e;var r=e[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==r){var n=r.call(e,t||"default");if("object"!=typeof n)return n;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===t?String:Number)(e)}(e,"string");return"symbol"==typeof t?t:String(t)}(t))in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:r,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=r}(ue,"featureName",ce.t9);var fe=i(3916),de=i(3752),le=i(8683),he=i.n(le);const pe="nr@original";var ge=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,ve=!1;function me(e,t){return e||(e=de.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");var a,s,c,u="-"===n.charAt(0);for(c=0;c<t.length;c++)we(a=e[s=t[c]])||(e[s]=r(a,u?s+n:n,i,s,o))},r.flag=pe,r;function r(t,r,i,o,a){return we(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[pe]=t,ye(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var s,c,u,f;try{c=this,s=he()(arguments),u="function"==typeof i?i(s,c):i||{}}catch(t){be([t,"",[s,c,o],u],e)}n(r+"start",[s,c,o],u,a);try{return f=t.apply(c,s)}catch(e){throw n(r+"err",[s,c,e],u,a),e}finally{n(r+"end",[s,c,f],u,a)}}}function n(r,n,i,o){if(!ve||t){var a=ve;ve=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){be([t,r,n,i],e)}ve=a}}}function be(e,t){t||(t=de.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function ye(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){be([e],r)}for(var n in e)ge.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n]);return t}function we(e){return!(e&&e instanceof Function&&e.apply&&!e[pe])}var Ee="fetch-",Te=Ee+"body-",Ae=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Oe=g._A.Request,xe=g._A.Response,_e="prototype",Se="nr@context";const je={};function Pe(e){const t=function(e){return(e||de.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Oe&&xe&&g._A.fetch))return t;if(je[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=he()(arguments),o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[Se]&&o[Se].dt&&(e=o[Se].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))},e[r][pe]=i)}return je[t.debugId]=1,Ae.forEach((e=>{r(Oe[_e],e,Te),r(xe[_e],e,Te)})),r(g._A,"fetch",Ee),t.on(Ee+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Ee+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Ee+"done",[e],n)})),t}const De={},Ne="setTimeout",Ce="setInterval",Ie="clearTimeout",Re="-start",ke="-",Le=[Ne,"setImmediate",Ce,Ie,"clearImmediate"];function He(e){const t=function(e){return(e||de.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(De[t.debugId]++)return t;De[t.debugId]=1;var r=me(t);return r.inPlace(g._A,Le.slice(0,2),Ne+ke),r.inPlace(g._A,Le.slice(2,3),Ce+ke),r.inPlace(g._A,Le.slice(3),Ie+ke),t.on(Ce+Re,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ne+Re,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const ze={},Me="requestAnimationFrame";function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||de.ee).get("raf")}(e);if(!g.il||ze[t.debugId]++)return t;ze[t.debugId]=1;var r=me(t);return r.inPlace(window,[Me],"raf-"),t.on("raf-start",(function(e){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-")})),t}const Fe={},Ue=["pushState","replaceState"];function Ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||de.ee).get("history")}(e);return!g.il||Fe[t.debugId]++||(Fe[t.debugId]=1,me(t).inPlace(window.history,Ue,"-")),t}const We={},qe=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Ge(e){const t=function(e){return(e||de.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!g.il||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=me(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){var r=e.match(o),n=r[1],i=r[3];return i?a(i,t[n]):t[n]}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,qe,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var f={};function d(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],f),e.removeEventListener("load",d,(0,R.m$)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",l,(0,R.m$)(!1))}function l(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],f),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],f),e.removeEventListener("load",d,(0,R.m$)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",l,(0,R.m$)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",f),e.addEventListener("load",d,(0,R.m$)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",l,(0,R.m$)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],f)}(e[0])})),t}const Xe={};function $e(e){const r=function(e){return(e||de.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!g.il||Xe[r.debugId])return r;Xe[r.debugId]=!0;var n=me(r),i=t.Yu.MO;return i&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof i?new i(n(e,"fn-")):i.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=i.prototype),r}const Ze={};function Ye(e){const r=function(e){return(e||de.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(Ze[r.debugId])return r;Ze[r.debugId]=!0;var n=de.c,i=me(r),o=t.Yu.PR;return o&&function(){function e(t){var n=r.context(),a=i(t,"executor-",n,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(o,[a],e);return r.context(s).getCtx=function(){return n},s}g._A.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return o.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,o),["all","race"].forEach((function(t){const n=o[t];e[t]=function(e){let i=!1;e?.forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===t),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){r.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(t){const n=o[t];e[t]=function(e){const t=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==t&&r.emit("propagate",[e,!0],t,!1,!1),t}})),e.prototype=o.prototype;const t=o.prototype.then;o.prototype.then=function(){var e=this,o=n(e);o.promise=e;for(var a=arguments.length,s=new Array(a),c=0;c<a;c++)s[c]=arguments[c];s[0]=i(s[0],"cb-",o,null,!1),s[1]=i(s[1],"cb-",o,null,!1);const u=t.apply(this,s);return o.nextPromise=u,r.emit("propagate",[e,!0],u,!1,!1),u},o.prototype.then[pe]=t,r.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=i(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=i(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),r.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),r.on("cb-end",(function(e,t,n){r.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),r.on("propagate",(function(e,t,n){this.getCtx&&!t||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var t=r.context(e);return t&&t.getCtx?t.getCtx():this})}))}(),r}const Qe={},Je=XMLHttpRequest,Ke="addEventListener",et="removeEventListener";function tt(e){var t=function(e){return(e||de.ee).get("events")}(e);if(Qe[t.debugId]++)return t;Qe[t.debugId]=1;var r=me(t,!0);function n(e){r.inPlace(e,[Ke,et],"-",i)}function i(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(g.il&&rt(document,n),rt(g._A,n),rt(Je.prototype,n)),t.on(Ke+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,fe.X)(n,"nr@wrapped",(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(et+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function rt(e,t){let r=e;for(;"object"==typeof r&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(r,Ke);)r=Object.getPrototypeOf(r);for(var n=arguments.length,i=new Array(n>2?n-2:0),o=2;o<n;o++)i[o-2]=arguments[o];r&&t(r,...i)}const nt={},it=["open","send"];function ot(e){var r=e||de.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||de.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(nt[n.debugId]++)return n;nt[n.debugId]=1,tt(r);var i=me(n),o=t.Yu.XHR,a=t.Yu.MO,s=t.Yu.PR,c=t.Yu.SI,u="readystatechange",f=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],d=[],l=g._A.XMLHttpRequest.listeners,h=g._A.XMLHttpRequest=function(e){var t=new o(e);function r(){try{n.emit("new-xhr",[t],t),t.addEventListener(u,m,(0,R.m$)(!1))}catch(e){(0,v.Z)("An error occured while intercepting XHR",e);try{n.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}}return this.listeners=l?[...l,r]:[r],this.listeners.forEach((e=>e())),t};function p(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",T)}function m(){var e=this,t=n.context(e);e.readyState>3&&!t.resolved&&(t.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,f,"fn-",T)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,h),h.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(h.prototype,it,"-xhr-",T),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){p(e,t),function(e){d.push(e),a&&(b?b.then(E):c?c(E):(y=-y,w.data=y))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",p),a){var b=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var y=1,w=document.createTextNode(y);new a(E).observe(w,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||E()}));function E(){for(var e=0;e<d.length;e++)p(0,d[e]);d.length&&(d=[])}function T(e,t){return t}return n}var at,st={};try{at=localStorage.getItem("__nr_flags").split(","),console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&(st.console=!0,-1!==at.indexOf("dev")&&(st.dev=!0),-1!==at.indexOf("nr_dev")&&(st.nrDev=!0))}catch(e){}function ct(e){try{st.console&&ct(e)}catch(e){}}st.nrDev&&de.ee.on("internal-error",(function(e){ct(e.stack)})),st.dev&&de.ee.on("fn-err",(function(e,t,r){ct(r.stack)})),st.dev&&(ct("NR AGENT IN DEVELOPMENT MODE"),ct("flags: "+(0,O.D)(st,(function(e,t){return e})).join(", ")));var ut=i(8322);function ft(e,t){!function(e,t){if(t.has(e))throw new TypeError("Cannot initialize the same private elements twice on an object")}(e,t),t.add(e)}var dt=new WeakSet;class lt extends m{constructor(r,n){var i;let o=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(r,n,ut.t,o),i=this,ft(this,dt),this.skipNext=0,this.origOnerror=g._A.onerror;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}const a=this;a.ee.on("fn-start",(function(e,t,r){a.abortHandler&&(a.skipNext+=1)})),a.ee.on("fn-err",(function(e,t,r){a.abortHandler&&!r[ut.A]&&((0,fe.X)(r,ut.A,(function(){return!0})),this.thrown=!0,gt(r,void 0,a.ee))})),a.ee.on("fn-end",(function(){a.abortHandler&&!this.thrown&&a.skipNext>0&&(a.skipNext-=1)})),a.ee.on("internal-error",(function(t){(0,c.p)("ierr",[t,(0,u.zO)(),!0],void 0,e.D.jserrors,a.ee)})),g._A.onerror=function(){return i.origOnerror&&i.origOnerror(...arguments),i.onerrorHandler(...arguments),!1},g._A.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(t=>{const r=function(e){let t="Unhandled Promise Rejection: ";if(e instanceof Error)try{return e.message=t+e.message,e}catch(t){return e}if(void 0===e)return new Error(t);try{return new Error(t+JSON.stringify(e))}catch(e){return new Error(t)}}(t.reason);(0,c.p)("err",[r,(0,u.zO)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1}],void 0,e.D.jserrors,this.ee)}),(0,R.m$)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),Be(this.ee),He(this.ee),tt(this.ee),(0,t.OP)(r).xhrWrappable&&ot(this.ee),this.abortHandler=function(e,t,r){if(!t.has(e))throw new TypeError("attempted to get private field on non-instance");return r}(this,dt,ht),this.importAggregator()}onerrorHandler(t,r,n,i,o){try{this.skipNext?this.skipNext-=1:gt(o||new pt(t,r,n),!0,this.ee)}catch(t){try{(0,c.p)("ierr",[t,(0,u.zO)(),!0],void 0,e.D.jserrors,this.ee)}catch(e){}}return"function"==typeof this.origOnerror&&this.origOnerror.apply(this,he()(arguments))}}function ht(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}function pt(e,t,r){this.message=e||"Uncaught error with no additional information",this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r}function gt(t,r,n){var i=r?null:(0,u.zO)();(0,c.p)("err",[t,i],void 0,e.D.jserrors,n)}!function(e,t,r){(t=function(e){var t=function(e,t){if("object"!=typeof e||null===e)return e;var r=e[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==r){var n=r.call(e,t||"default");if("object"!=typeof n)return n;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===t?String:Number)(e)}(e,"string");return"symbol"==typeof t?t:String(t)}(t))in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:r,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=r}(lt,"featureName",ut.t);var vt=1,mt="nr@id";function bt(e){var t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===g._A?0:(0,fe.X)(e,mt,(function(){return vt++}))}var yt=i(9071);function wt(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return JSON.stringify(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var Et=i(6368);class Tt{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.generateTracePayload=this.generateTracePayload.bind(this),this.shouldGenerateTrace=this.shouldGenerateTrace.bind(this)}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var r=(0,t.DL)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!r)return null;var n=(r.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(r.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(r.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,N.M)(),s=(0,N.Ht)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof g._A?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa(JSON.stringify(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var r=!1,n={};if((0,t.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(n=(0,t.P_)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)r=!0;else if(n.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var i=0;i<n.allowed_origins.length;i++){var o=(0,Et.e)(n.allowed_origins[i]);if(e.hostname===o.hostname&&e.protocol===o.protocol&&e.port===o.port){r=!0;break}}return r}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,t.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,t.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,t.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,t.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var At=i(8675);var Ot=["load","error","abort","timeout"],xt=Ot.length,_t=t.Yu.REQ,St=g._A.XMLHttpRequest;class jt extends m{constructor(r,n){let i=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(r,n,At.t,i),(0,t.OP)(r).xhrWrappable&&(this.dt=new Tt(r),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,c.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee),Pe(this.ee),ot(this.ee),function(r,n,i,o){function a(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=A,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){x(t,e)}),(0,R.m$)(!1)),yt.I||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,R.m$)(!1))}function s(e){this.params={method:e[0]},O(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function c(e,n){var i=(0,t.DL)(r);"xpid"in i&&this.sameOrigin&&n.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",i.xpid);var a=o.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(a){var s=!1;a.newrelicHeader&&(n.setRequestHeader("newrelic",a.newrelicHeader),s=!0),a.traceContextParentHeader&&(n.setRequestHeader("traceparent",a.traceContextParentHeader),a.traceContextStateHeader&&n.setRequestHeader("tracestate",a.traceContextStateHeader),s=!0),s&&(this.dt=a)}}function f(e,t){var r=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(r&&i){var a=wt(i);a&&(r.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,u.zO)(),this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof t.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(t)}catch(e){try{n.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<xt;s++)t.addEventListener(Ot[s],this.listener,(0,R.m$)(!1))}function d(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function l(e,t){var r=""+bt(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function h(e,t){var r=""+bt(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function p(){this.endTime=(0,u.zO)()}function v(e,t){t instanceof St&&"load"===e[0]&&n.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],t)}function m(e,t){t instanceof St&&"load"===e[0]&&n.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],t)}function b(e,t,r){t instanceof St&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,u.zO)()))}function y(e,t){this.xhrCbStart&&n.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,u.zO)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,t],t)}function w(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};"string"==typeof e[0]?t=e[0]:e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:g._A?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL&&(t=e[0].href),t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,Et.e)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var n=o.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(n&&(n.newrelicHeader||n.traceContextParentHeader))if("string"==typeof e[0]||g._A?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL){var i={};for(var a in r)i[a]=r[a];i.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(i.headers,n)&&(this.dt=n),e.length>1?e[1]=i:e.push(i)}else e[0]&&e[0].headers&&s(e[0].headers,n)&&(this.dt=n);function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function E(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,u.zO)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof _t?r=i.url:g._A?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),O(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof _t&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.txSize=wt(n.body)||0}function T(t,r){var n;this.endTime=(0,u.zO)(),this.params||(this.params={}),this.params.status=r?r.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);var o={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,u.zO)()-this.startTime};i("xhr",[this.params,o,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,e.D.ajax)}function A(t){var r=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(var o=0;o<xt;o++)t.removeEventListener(Ot[o],this.listener,!1);r.aborted||(n.duration=(0,u.zO)()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==t.readyState?null==r.status&&(r.status=0):x(this,t),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,i("xhr",[r,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,e.D.ajax))}}function O(e,t){var r=(0,Et.e)(t),n=e.params;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}function x(e,t){e.params.status=t.status;var r=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?wt(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?wt(e.responseText):void 0}(t,e.lastSize);if(r&&(e.metrics.rxSize=r),e.sameOrigin){var n=t.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");n&&(e.params.cat=n.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}n.on("new-xhr",a),n.on("open-xhr-start",s),n.on("open-xhr-end",c),n.on("send-xhr-start",f),n.on("xhr-cb-time",d),n.on("xhr-load-added",l),n.on("xhr-load-removed",h),n.on("xhr-resolved",p),n.on("addEventListener-end",v),n.on("removeEventListener-end",m),n.on("fn-end",y),n.on("fetch-before-start",w),n.on("fetch-start",E),n.on("fn-start",b),n.on("fetch-done",T)}(r,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator())}}!function(e,t,r){(t=function(e){var t=function(e,t){if("object"!=typeof e||null===e)return e;var r=e[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==r){var n=r.call(e,t||"default");if("object"!=typeof n)return n;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===t?String:Number)(e)}(e,"string");return"symbol"==typeof t?t:String(t)}(t))in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:r,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=r}(jt,"featureName",At.t);var Pt=i(6408),Dt=i(2628);function Nt(e,t){!function(e,t){if(t.has(e))throw new TypeError("Cannot initialize the same private elements twice on an object")}(e,t),t.add(e)}const{BST_RESOURCE:Ct,BST_TIMER:It,END:Rt,FEATURE_NAME:kt,FN_END:Lt,FN_START:Ht,ADD_EVENT_LISTENER:zt,PUSH_STATE:Mt,RESOURCE:Bt,RESOURCE_TIMING_BUFFER_FULL:Ft,START:Ut,ORIG_EVENT:Vt}=Dt,Wt="clearResourceTimings";var qt=new WeakSet;class Gt extends m{constructor(t,r){if(super(t,r,kt,!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2]),Nt(this,qt),!g.il)return;const n=this.ee;this.timerEE=He(n),this.rafEE=Be(n),Ve(n),tt(n),n.on(Ht,(function(e,t){e[0]instanceof Vt&&(this.bstStart=(0,u.zO)())})),n.on(Lt,(function(t,r){var i=t[0];i instanceof Vt&&(0,c.p)("bst",[i,r,this.bstStart,(0,u.zO)()],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,n)})),this.timerEE.on(Ht,(function(e,t,r){this.bstStart=(0,u.zO)(),this.bstType=r})),this.timerEE.on(Lt,(function(t,r){(0,c.p)(It,[r,this.bstStart,(0,u.zO)(),this.bstType],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,n)})),this.rafEE.on(Ht,(function(){this.bstStart=(0,u.zO)()})),this.rafEE.on(Lt,(function(t,r){(0,c.p)(It,[r,this.bstStart,(0,u.zO)(),"requestAnimationFrame"],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,n)})),n.on(Mt+Ut,(function(e){this.time=(0,u.zO)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),n.on(Mt+Rt,(function(t){(0,c.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,n)})),(0,Pt.W)()?((0,c.p)(Ct,[window.performance.getEntriesByType("resource")],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,n),function(){var t=new PerformanceObserver(((t,r)=>{var i=t.getEntries();(0,c.p)(Ct,[i],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,n)}));try{t.observe({entryTypes:["resource"]})}catch(e){}}()):window.performance[Wt]&&window.performance[zt]&&window.performance.addEventListener(Ft,this.onResourceTimingBufferFull,(0,R.m$)(!1)),document.addEventListener("scroll",this.noOp,(0,R.m$)(!1)),document.addEventListener("keypress",this.noOp,(0,R.m$)(!1)),document.addEventListener("click",this.noOp,(0,R.m$)(!1)),this.abortHandler=function(e,t,r){if(!t.has(e))throw new TypeError("attempted to get private field on non-instance");return r}(this,qt,Xt),this.importAggregator()}noOp(e){}onResourceTimingBufferFull(t){if((0,c.p)(Ct,[window.performance.getEntriesByType(Bt)],void 0,e.D.sessionTrace,this.ee),window.performance[Wt])try{window.performance.removeEventListener(Ft,this.onResourceTimingBufferFull,!1)}catch(e){}}}function Xt(){window.performance.removeEventListener(Ft,this.onResourceTimingBufferFull,!1),this.abortHandler=void 0}!function(e,t,r){(t=function(e){var t=function(e,t){if("object"!=typeof e||null===e)return e;var r=e[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==r){var n=r.call(e,t||"default");if("object"!=typeof n)return n;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===t?String:Number)(e)}(e,"string");return"symbol"==typeof t?t:String(t)}(t))in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:r,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=r}(Gt,"featureName",kt);var $t=i(755);function Zt(e,t){!function(e,t){if(t.has(e))throw new TypeError("Cannot initialize the same private elements twice on an object")}(e,t),t.add(e)}const{FEATURE_NAME:Yt,START:Qt,END:Jt,BODY:Kt,CB_END:er,JS_TIME:tr,FETCH:rr,FN_START:nr,CB_START:ir,FN_END:or}=$t;var ar=new WeakSet;class sr extends m{constructor(e,r){if(super(e,r,Yt,!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2]),Zt(this,ar),!g.il)return;if(!(0,t.OP)(e).xhrWrappable)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let n,i=0;const o=this.ee.get("tracer"),a=Ge(this.ee),s=Ye(this.ee),c=He(this.ee),f=ot(this.ee),d=this.ee.get("events"),l=Pe(this.ee),h=Ve(this.ee),p=$e(this.ee);function v(e,t){h.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function m(){i++,n=window.location.hash,this[nr]=(0,u.zO)()}function b(){i--,window.location.hash!==n&&v(0,!0);var e=(0,u.zO)();this[tr]=~~this[tr]+e-this[nr],this[or]=e}function y(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,u.zO)()}))}this.ee.on(nr,m),s.on(ir,m),a.on(ir,m),this.ee.on(or,b),s.on(er,b),a.on(er,b),this.ee.buffer([nr,or,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),d.buffer([nr],this.featureName),c.buffer(["setTimeout"+Jt,"clearTimeout"+Qt,nr],this.featureName),f.buffer([nr,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Qt],this.featureName),l.buffer([rr+Qt,rr+"-done",rr+Kt+Qt,rr+Kt+Jt],this.featureName),h.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),p.buffer([nr],this.featureName),s.buffer(["propagate",ir,er,"executor-err","resolve"+Qt],this.featureName),o.buffer([nr,"no-"+nr],this.featureName),a.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),y(l,rr+Qt),y(l,rr+"-done"),y(a,"new-jsonp"),y(a,"jsonp-end"),y(a,"cb-start"),h.on("pushState-end",v),h.on("replaceState-end",v),window.addEventListener("hashchange",v,(0,R.m$)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",v,(0,R.m$)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){v(0,i>1)}),(0,R.m$)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=function(e,t,r){if(!t.has(e))throw new TypeError("attempted to get private field on non-instance");return r}(this,ar,cr),this.importAggregator()}}function cr(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}!function(e,t,r){(t=function(e){var t=function(e,t){if("object"!=typeof e||null===e)return e;var r=e[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==r){var n=r.call(e,t||"default");if("object"!=typeof n)return n;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===t?String:Number)(e)}(e,"string");return"symbol"==typeof t?t:String(t)}(t))in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:r,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=r}(sr,"featureName",Yt);var ur=i(6486);class fr extends m{constructor(e,t){let r=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,ur.t,r),this.importAggregator()}}!function(e,t,r){(t=function(e){var t=function(e,t){if("object"!=typeof e||null===e)return e;var r=e[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==r){var n=r.call(e,t||"default");if("object"!=typeof n)return n;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===t?String:Number)(e)}(e,"string");return"symbol"==typeof t?t:String(t)}(t))in e?Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:r,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}):e[t]=r}(fr,"featureName",ur.t),new class{constructor(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:(0,N.ky)(16);this.agentIdentifier=t,this.sharedAggregator=new x({agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier}),this.features={},this.desiredFeatures=new Set(e.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(T),Object.assign(this,(0,a.j)(this.agentIdentifier,e,e.loaderType||"agent")),this.start()}get config(){return{info:(0,t.C5)(this.agentIdentifier),init:(0,t.P_)(this.agentIdentifier),loader_config:(0,t.DL)(this.agentIdentifier),runtime:(0,t.OP)(this.agentIdentifier)}}start(){const t="features";try{const r=n(this.agentIdentifier),i=Array.from(this.desiredFeatures);i.sort(((t,r)=>e.p[t.featureName]-e.p[r.featureName])),i.forEach((t=>{if(r[t.featureName]||t.featureName===e.D.pageViewEvent){const e=(0,s.Z)(t.featureName),n=e.every((e=>r[e]));n||(0,v.Z)("".concat(t.featureName," is enabled but one or more dependent features has been disabled (").concat(JSON.stringify(e),"). This may cause unintended consequences or missing data...")),this.features[t.featureName]=new t(this.agentIdentifier,this.sharedAggregator)}})),(0,D.Qy)(this.agentIdentifier,this.features,t)}catch(e){(0,v.Z)("Failed to initialize all enabled instrument classes (agent aborted) -",e);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,D.fP)();return delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.[t],delete this.sharedAggregator,r.ee?.abort(),delete r.ee?.get(this.agentIdentifier),!1}}}({features:[jt,T,ne,Gt,ue,fr,lt,sr],loaderType:"spa"})})(),window.NRBA=o})(); </script><meta property="og:locale" content="en" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:type" content="website" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:title" content="Elsevier | 關於 | 無障礙取閱" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:description" content="Elsevier 始終如一和積極主動地努力使所有使用者都能完全使用我們的產品，無論其身體能力如何。" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.elsevier.com/zh-tw/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:site_name" content="www.elsevier.com" data-next-head=""/><meta property="og:image" content="https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?w=1200&q=75" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?w=1200&q=75" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:description" content="Elsevier 始終如一和積極主動地努力使所有使用者都能完全使用我們的產品，無論其身體能力如何。" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ElsevierConnect" data-next-head=""/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Elsevier | 關於 | 無障礙取閱" data-next-head=""/><title data-next-head="">Elsevier | 關於 | 無障礙取閱</title><meta name="description" content="Elsevier 始終如一和積極主動地努力使所有使用者都能完全使用我們的產品，無論其身體能力如何。" data-next-head=""/><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.elsevier.com/zh-tw/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="en" href="https://www.elsevier.com/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="de-de" href="https://www.elsevier.com/de-de/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="ja-jp" href="https://www.elsevier.com/ja-jp/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="fr-fr" href="https://www.elsevier.com/fr-fr/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="en-gb" href="https://www.elsevier.com/en-gb/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="es-es" href="https://www.elsevier.com/es-es/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="zh-cn" href="https://www.elsevier.com/zh-cn/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="zh-tw" href="https://www.elsevier.com/zh-tw/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="x-default" href="https://www.elsevier.com/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="pt-br" href="https://www.elsevier.com/pt-br/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="en-in" href="https://www.elsevier.com/en-in/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="ko-kr" href="https://www.elsevier.com/ko-kr/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="alternate" hrefLang="en-au" href="https://www.elsevier.com/en-au/about/accessibility" data-next-head=""/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/e8e55501e121831c.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/e8e55501e121831c.css" data-n-g=""/><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/50f613c2af52588f.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/50f613c2af52588f.css" data-n-p=""/><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-42372ed130431b0a.js"></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-69393fb9d814f418.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/framework-3b650357ef95a530.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-6f9a9ae4878a815f.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-696215ce72a79ecc.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/2d3fb9f9-d843f4472dd75d16.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/461-ed4c68bbcce6e216.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/931-d31cacb0b749ccdb.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/557-f8f4c6776ac693f0.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/983-cf798e4de00234d0.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/470-1164aa008e869833.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/%5B...slug%5D-53362fb8760250e5.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/hfN6vgCv0mlqO3BPYFI-i/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/hfN6vgCv0mlqO3BPYFI-i/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script></head><body class="_99wljg2f _99wljg4p"><div id="__next"><a id="top"></a><a class="_1gzv7750 _16jmeqb8w _16jmeqb54 _16jmeqb2w _16jmeqb6o _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb183 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqbxc _16jmeqb19z _16jmeqb15g" href="#main-content" data-testid="skip-to-content"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="xs">跳到主要內容</span></a><div class="s2iygv0 _16jmeqbx8 _16jmeqb158"><div class="_1i1ov3x0"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljge)"><div class=""><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">很遺憾，我們無法支援你的瀏覽器。如果可以，請升級到新版本，或使用 Mozilla Firefox、Microsoft Edge、Google Chrome 或 Safari 14 或更新版本。如果無法升級，而且需要支援，請將你的回饋寄給我們。</p></div></div></div><div class="s2iygv2 _16jmeqbx8"><div class="_99wljg4r _16jmeqb2w _16jmeqb6o _16jmeqb19j"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:initial"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="xs"><span class="hqljl00">我們衷心感謝你對這個新體驗的回饋。</span><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://survey.alchemer.eu/s3/90475606/NextGen-Health?page=/about/accessibility" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">告訴我們你的想法<span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a></p></div></div><header class="bn9oyv1 _16jmeqb19j _16jmeqbx8 _16jmeqb1i7"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:initial"><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class="bn9oyv3 bn9oyv6 _16jmeqbi4 _16jmeqbih _16jmeqbiy _16jmeqbk0 _16jmeqbkd _16jmeqbku _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb190 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqbrs" href="/zh-tw" data-testid="health-homepage-link"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><img class="bn9oyv0 popcxs1 popcxs3" src="/images/elsevier-logo.svg" alt="Elsevier" width="171" height="48" srcSet="/images/elsevier-logo.svg 1x, /images/elsevier-logo.svg 2x" decoding="async" loading="eager"/></span></a><div class="bn9oyv3 bn9oyv4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class="bn9oyv8 _1xba53u1"><nav aria-label="主網站導航"><ul class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbko _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class=""><a class="_1b7jex52 _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/academic-and-government"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">學術與政府</span></a><button class="_1b7jex53 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb190" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multi-collapsible-" data-testid="desktop-main-nav-button"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="sm">學術與政府</span></button></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class=""><a class="_1b7jex52 _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/health"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">健康 | 衛生</span></a><button class="_1b7jex53 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb190" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multi-collapsible-" data-testid="desktop-main-nav-button"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="sm">醫療</span></button></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class=""><a class="_1b7jex52 _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/industry"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">企業</span></a><button class="_1b7jex53 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb190" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multi-collapsible-" data-testid="desktop-main-nav-button"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="sm">企業</span></button></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class=""><a class="_1b7jex52 _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/connect"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">Elsevier Connect</span></a><button class="_1b7jex53 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb190" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multi-collapsible-" data-testid="desktop-main-nav-button"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="sm">洞察</span></button></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class=""><a class="_1b7jex52 _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/about"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">關於我們</span></a><button class="_1b7jex53 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb190" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multi-collapsible-" data-testid="desktop-main-nav-button"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="sm">關於</span></button></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class=""><a class="_1b7jex52 _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/support"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">客戶支援</span></a><button class="_1b7jex53 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb190" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multi-collapsible-" data-testid="desktop-main-nav-button"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="sm">支援</span></button></div></div></li></ul></nav></div><a class="_1d3he28a _16jmeqbts _16jmeqbuk _16jmeqbvc _16jmeqbw4 _16jmeqb1o _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1cn _16jmeqb1cs _16jmeqb1cx _16jmeqb1d2 _16jmeqb1f9 _1d3he285 _16jmeqb8k _16jmeqb8q _16jmeqb4s _16jmeqb4y _16jmeqb2w _16jmeqb6o _16jmeqb183 _16jmeqb18d _16jmeqb18i _16jmeqb19z _16jmeqb1ae _16jmeqb1d2 bn9oyv5 button _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb28" href="/zh-tw/researcher/author/publish-with-us" data-testid="publish-with-us"><div class="_1d3he282"><span class="_16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1es"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">與我們共同出版</span></span></div></a><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqbs _16jmeqbg4"><button class="_1d3he28a _16jmeqbts _16jmeqbuk _16jmeqbvc _16jmeqbw4 _16jmeqb1o _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1cn _16jmeqb1cs _16jmeqb1cx _16jmeqb1d2 _16jmeqb1f9 _1d3he289 _16jmeqb2s _16jmeqb4o _16jmeqb6k _16jmeqb8g _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb188 _16jmeqb18i _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb28" data-testid="search-button"><div class="_1d3he282"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd4 nddnvd5 nddnvd8"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="m16.355 15.035 4.935 4.935-1.318 1.319-4.935-4.936a7.596 7.596 0 0 1-4.712 1.628 7.61 7.61 0 0 1-5.415-2.243 7.603 7.603 0 0 1-2.244-5.415c0-2.045.797-3.969 2.244-5.414a7.61 7.61 0 0 1 5.415-2.243c2.046 0 3.968.797 5.415 2.243a7.61 7.61 0 0 1 2.243 5.414c0 1.731-.576 3.372-1.628 4.712ZM4.532 10.323c0 1.547.602 3.002 1.697 4.097a5.76 5.76 0 0 0 4.096 1.697 5.756 5.756 0 0 0 4.095-1.697 5.755 5.755 0 0 0 1.697-4.097 5.755 5.755 0 0 0-1.697-4.096 5.756 5.756 0 0 0-4.095-1.697A5.76 5.76 0 0 0 6.23 6.227a5.755 5.755 0 0 0-1.697 4.096Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><span class="_13sjisp0">公開搜尋</span></div></button><div class="_16jmeqb15k"><button class="_1d3he28a _16jmeqbts _16jmeqbuk _16jmeqbvc _16jmeqbw4 _16jmeqb1o _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1cn _16jmeqb1cs _16jmeqb1cx _16jmeqb1d2 _16jmeqb1f9 _1d3he289 _16jmeqb2s _16jmeqb4o _16jmeqb6k _16jmeqb8g _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb188 _16jmeqb18i _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb28 _16jmeqb177" data-testid="region-switcher-header" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multi-collapsible-"><div class="_1d3he282"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd4 nddnvd5 nddnvd8"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.995 21.375h-.002a9.551 9.551 0 0 1-9.556-9.556c0-2.552.994-4.953 2.8-6.758a9.491 9.491 0 0 1 6.756-2.795c-.463 0 3.563-.397 6.758 2.799 6.046 6.045 1.671 16.31-6.756 16.31Zm-4.291-8.626h-3.33c.345 2.998 2.214 5.135 4.646 6.156-.865-1.795-1.235-4.282-1.316-6.156Zm2.777 4.821c-.51-1.302-.821-2.947-.9-4.82h4.826c-.19 4.496-1.607 6.75-2.413 6.75-.636 0-1.28-1.337-1.513-1.93Zm4.486 1.335Zm0 0c.865-1.795 1.235-4.282 1.317-6.156h3.329c-.346 2.998-2.216 5.137-4.646 6.156Zm.004-14.167-.004-.008a7.78 7.78 0 0 1 4.078 4.039.02.02 0 0 0-.005 0l-.006.002c.296.672.491 1.384.579 2.112h-3.33c-.057-1.498-.248-2.786-.554-3.988a6.141 6.141 0 0 0-2.339-1.1c.663 1.526.944 3.59 1.017 5.088H9.58c.19-4.496 1.616-6.746 2.414-6.746.796 0 2.026.2 2.977.6Zm-5.952-.002Zm-1.316 6.147c.082-1.873.452-4.352 1.316-6.147-2.428 1.019-4.3 3.15-4.645 6.147h3.33Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><span class="_13sjisp0">Location Selector</span></div></button></div></div><div class="bn9oyv8 _1xba53u0"><div class=""><button class="_1d3he28a _16jmeqbts _16jmeqbuk _16jmeqbvc _16jmeqbw4 _16jmeqb1o _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1cn _16jmeqb1cs _16jmeqb1cx _16jmeqb1d2 _16jmeqb1f9 _1d3he289 _16jmeqb2s _16jmeqb4o _16jmeqb6k _16jmeqb8g _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb188 _16jmeqb18i xwe9il1 _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb28 _16jmeqb177" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="main-navigation-menu-items" data-testid="menu-button"><div class="_1d3he282"><svg fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd4 nddnvd5 nddnvd8"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5 7h14v1.5H5V7Zm0 4.5h14V13H5v-1.5ZM19 16H5v1.5h14V16Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><span class="_13sjisp0">顯示選單</span></div></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></header></div><main class="s2iygv1 _16jmeqbx8" id="main-content"><div class="_16jmeqbx8 _16jmeqb15k _16jmeqb15i"><section class="_16jmeqb38 _16jmeqb3a _16jmeqb70 _16jmeqb72 _16jmeqb1i7 _16jmeqb19j"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:initial"><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqbw"><h2 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb166" data-heading-level="5"><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/about/policies-and-standards"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">Elsevier 政策</span></a></h2><div class="_16jmeqbi4 _16jmeqbj2 _16jmeqbk0 _16jmeqbky _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><nav class="" role="navigation" aria-label="輔助導航" data-testid="secondary-navigation"></nav></div></div></div></section></div><nav class="_16jmeqb8o _16jmeqb91 _16jmeqb92 _16jmeqb4w _16jmeqb59 _16jmeqb5a _16jmeqb2w _16jmeqb6o" id="breadcrumbs" aria-label="Page breadcrumbs"><ol class="_16jmeqbic _16jmeqbk8 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><li class="_1a5bjby1"><div class="_1a5bjby4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="_1a5bjby2" width="16" height="16"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.125 11.438 15.563 3l1.312 1.313-7.125 7.125 7.125 7.124-1.313 1.313-8.437-8.438Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb17z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqb4o" href="/zh-tw"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">首頁</span></a><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="_1a5bjby0" width="16" height="16"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="m7.125 18.563 7.125-7.125-7.125-7.126L8.438 3l8.437 8.438-8.438 8.437-1.312-1.313Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></li><li class="_1a5bjby1"><div class="_1a5bjby4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="_1a5bjby2" width="16" height="16"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.125 11.438 15.563 3l1.312 1.313-7.125 7.125 7.125 7.124-1.313 1.313-8.437-8.438Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb17z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqb4o" href="/zh-tw/about"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">關於</span></a><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="_1a5bjby0" width="16" height="16"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="m7.125 18.563 7.125-7.125-7.125-7.126L8.438 3l8.437 8.438-8.438 8.437-1.312-1.313Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></li><li class="_1a5bjby1"><div class="_1a5bjby4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="_1a5bjby2" width="16" height="16"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.125 11.438 15.563 3l1.312 1.313-7.125 7.125 7.125 7.124-1.313 1.313-8.437-8.438Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><p class="_1a5bjby3 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167" aria-current="page">無障礙取閱</p></div></li></ol></nav><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88 _16jmeqbj4 _16jmeqbj9 _16jmeqbjm" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljge)"><div class="_166ug2a0"><div class="lt8a680 _1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljge)"><div class="_1u13v720 _16jmeqbj9 _16jmeqb8" style="grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr)"><div class="_16jmeqbn4 _16jmeqbn8 _16jmeqbq0 _16jmeqbpd" data-aa-region="hero-ctas"><div class="_16jmeqbik _16jmeqbih _16jmeqbiq _16jmeqbkg _16jmeqbkd _16jmeqbkm _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0 _16jmeqbas _16jmeqbet"><h1 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsw _16jmeqbti _16jmeqb16j _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="1">無障礙取閱</h1><div class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbko _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><div class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="lg"><div class="_16jmeqbik _16jmeqbkg _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">Elsevier 始終如一和積極主動地努力使所有使用者都能完全使用我們的產品，無論其身體能力如何。</p></div></div><div class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbko _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"></div></div></div></div><div class="_16jmeqbn4 _16jmeqbn8 _16jmeqbo1 _16jmeqbq0 _16jmeqbrp _16jmeqbro"><div class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb2c _16jmeqb9 _16jmeqb6"><img class="lt8a682 popcxs1 popcxs3 _16jmeqba5 _16jmeqbas" src="//images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=1420&q=75" alt="Blind woman using computer with screen reader" width="1420" height="1420" sizes="(min-width: 650px) 50vw, (min-width: 1024px) 710px, 100vw" srcSet="//images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=384&q=75 384w, //images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=640&q=75 640w, //images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 750w, //images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=828&q=75 828w, //images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=1080&q=75 1080w, //images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=1200&q=75 1200w, //images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=1920&q=75 1920w, //images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=2048&q=75 2048w, //images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg?fm=webp&w=3840&q=75 3840w" decoding="async" loading="eager"/></div></div></div></div></div><section class=""><div class="_1u13v720 _16jmeqbik _16jmeqbkc _16jmeqbkh _16jmeqbkm _16jmeqbw" style="grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr)"><div class="_16jmeqbn4 _16jmeqbn8 _16jmeqbq0 _16jmeqbp9"><h2 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbso _16jmeqbt2 _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="3">透過知識賦能</h2></div><div class="_16jmeqbn4 _16jmeqbn8 _16jmeqbnx _16jmeqbq0"><div class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbsi _16jmeqbsc _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="md"><div class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><div class="_16jmeqbik _16jmeqbkg _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">我們對無障礙的承諾促進了包容性和多樣性，並促進了科學和創新。我們致力於創造包容性的產品和服務，以增強我們所服務的社區的能力，包括研究和健康社區以及更廣泛的社會。證據表明，創造一個讓每個人都有平等成功機會的環境不僅是公平的，而且可以帶來更好、更有影響力的科學研究。我們努力以開放和真實的方式實現數位可訪問性。</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><div class="_166ug2a0"><nav class="_1b5uz00 _16jmeqbxk _16jmeqb19j _16jmeqb15g" aria-label="頁面內導航" data-testid="jumplinks-nav"><div class="_16jmeqbx8"><ul class="_1bxw8d1 _16jmeqbio _16jmeqbkk _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb0 _16jmeqb16i _16jmeqb2o _16jmeqb6g _16jmeqbko _16jmeqbky"><li class="_1bxw8d2"><div class="_1b5uz05"><a class="_1b5uz02 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb16g _1b5uz03" href="#0-無障礙取閱政策" data-testid="jumplink-0"><span class="_1b5uz06 m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="5">無障礙取閱政策</span></a></div></li><li class="_1bxw8d2"><div class="_1b5uz05"><a class="_1b5uz02 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb16g _1b5uz03" href="#1-協助和支援" data-testid="jumplink-1"><span class="_1b5uz06 m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="5">協助和支援</span></a></div></li><li class="_1bxw8d2"><div class="_1b5uz05"><a class="_1b5uz02 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb16g _1b5uz03" href="#2-無障礙取閱功能" data-testid="jumplink-2"><span class="_1b5uz06 m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="5">無障礙取閱功能</span></a></div></li><li class="_1bxw8d2"><div class="_1b5uz05"><a class="_1b5uz02 _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb16g _1b5uz03" href="#3-achievements" data-testid="jumplink-3"><span class="_1b5uz06 m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="5">Achievements</span></a></div></li></ul><div class="_16jmeqb20 _16jmeqb1i _16jmeqb24"><div class="_1bxw8d4 _16jmeqb15g _16jmeqb24 _1b5uz08 _16jmeqbxc _1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:initial"><div class="_1bxw8d5 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class="_1bxw8d6"><button class="w17eg90 _16jmeqbu8 _16jmeqbv0 _16jmeqbvs _16jmeqbwk _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 w17eg92 w17eg94 _1bxw8d8 _16jmeqb20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-testid="carousel-slide-button-left"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.125 11.438 15.563 3l1.312 1.313-7.125 7.125 7.125 7.124-1.313 1.313-8.437-8.438Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><span class="_13sjisp0">Slide</span></button></div><div class="_1bxw8d7"><button class="w17eg90 _16jmeqbu8 _16jmeqbv0 _16jmeqbvs _16jmeqbwk _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 w17eg92 w17eg94 _1bxw8d8 _16jmeqb20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-testid="carousel-slide-button-right"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="m7.125 18.563 7.125-7.125-7.125-7.126L8.438 3l8.437 8.438-8.438 8.437-1.312-1.313Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><span class="_13sjisp0">Slide</span></button></div></div></div></div></div></nav><div class="_16jmeqbj4 _16jmeqbj9 _16jmeqbjm _16jmeqbl0 _16jmeqbl5 _16jmeqbli _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><div class="_1lx5lep0" id="0-無障礙取閱政策"><div class="_16jmeqbj4 _16jmeqbj9 _16jmeqbjm _16jmeqbl0 _16jmeqbl5 _16jmeqbli _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><div class="section-rtf"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljgg)"><div class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbsi _16jmeqbsc _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="md"><div class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbiy _16jmeqbko _16jmeqbku _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><h2 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbss _16jmeqbta _16jmeqb16j _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="2">Elsevier 的無障礙取閱政策</h2><h4 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsk _16jmeqbsu _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="4">圍繞無障礙取閱進行協作和教育 </h4><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">我們：</p><ul class="_1w1hhao0 _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbic"><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">聘請數位無障礙取閱團隊，為開發團隊和客戶提供專家支援，並實現與外部合作夥伴的協作</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">為新員工提供無障礙取閱意識培訓，並為所有員工提供結構化的培訓課程</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">在包括業界專家和殘障人士在內的廣泛協作網路的支援下，持續測試和整合產品意見回饋</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">為研究和醫療圈製作相關書籍、期刊、網站、活動和其他產品，推進無障礙取閱知識</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">召開執行季度無障礙取閱和包容性指導小組</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">表彰在工作中堅持 Elsevier 無障礙取閱政策的個人和產品團隊</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">透過無障礙取閱公會分享最佳實踐並促進協作</p></div></div></li></ul><h4 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsk _16jmeqbsu _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="4">利用業界標準工具</h4><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">我們：</p><ul class="_1w1hhao0 _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbic"><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">開發產品以滿足並超越全球資訊網協會的《無障礙網頁內容指引》(Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WCAG 2.1 Level AA) 和未來修訂版</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">建立具有以下特點的數位產品和服務：</p><ul class="_1w1hhao0 _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbic"><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w"><b>可感知</b>：資訊和使用者介面元件必須以使用者可以感知的方式呈現給使用者，這意味著使用者必須能夠理解所描述的資訊： <i>不能是使用者的所有感官都無法感知的</i></p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w"><b>可操作</b>：<i>介面不能要求使用者無法執行的互動</i></p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w"><b>易於理解</b>：<i>使用者必須能夠理解資訊以及使用者介面的操作</i></p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w"><b>強大</b>：<i>隨著技術和使用者代理的演進，內容應保持無障礙取閱並與一系列輔助技術相容</i></p></div></div></li></ul></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">在開發產品時利用自動化無障礙取閱測試工具和手動測試方法</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">將無障礙取閱納入我們的《數位品牌指南》(Digital Brand Guideline)，鞏固我們的同理設計原則</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">盡可能超越合規要求，這在我們世界一流的自願性產品無障礙取閱範本 (Voluntary Product Accessibility Templates, VPAT) 中有詳細說明</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">創新簡化無障礙取閱的新工具，例如 <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://romeo.elsevier.com/accessibility_checklist" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">Elsevier 無障礙取閱清單工具<span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a></p></div></div></li></ul><h4 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsk _16jmeqbsu _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="4">在我們的業務運營中嵌入無障礙取閱</h4><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">我們：</p><ul class="_1w1hhao0 _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbic"><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">透過創新使用新技術，從一開始就納入無障礙取閱要求，推動產品的無障礙取閱和可用性</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">使客戶和使用者能夠輕鬆快速地與我們溝通我們產品和服務的無障礙取閱和可用性</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">與客戶和研究社群合作，以無障礙取閱的電子格式提供所有內容和服務</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">透過問卷評估計劃促進供應商的無障礙取閱</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">與外部機構、業界專家、殘障使用者和其他人合作，增強和分享我們的無障礙取閱見解和能力</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">設定目標和關鍵結果：我們透過分析驅動的方法追蹤產品的無障礙取閱進展，並透過公司成熟度模型不斷改進我們的方法</p></div></div></li></ul><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">欲瞭解更多資訊，請聯繫 <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#88e9ebebedfbfbe1eae1e4e1fcf1c8ede4fbedfee1edfaa6ebe7e5b7fbfdeae2edebfcb5cbe7e6fce9ebfcadbab8fdfbadbab8e9eae7fdfcadbab8e9ebebedfbfbe1eae1e4e1fcf1" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="0e6f6d6d6b7d7d676c6762677a774e6b627d6b78676b7c206d6163">[email protected]</span><span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a>。</p></div></div></div></div><div class=""><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljge)"><div class="_166ug2a0"><section class="_16jmeqbio _16jmeqbj3 _16jmeqbkk _16jmeqbkz _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljge)"><div class="_16jmeqbio _16jmeqbkk _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb12 _16jmeqb4 _16jmeqba"><h2 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsk _16jmeqbsu _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="4">Featured news and stories</h2></div></div><div class=""><div class="_16jmeqbx8"><ul class="_1bxw8d1 _16jmeqbio _16jmeqbkk _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb0 _16jmeqb16i _16jmeqb2o _16jmeqb6g"><li class="_1bxw8d2"><div class="_1xz0slv1"><article class=" _1aeekoq1 _1aeekoq9 _1aeekoq3 _1aeekoqb _1aeekoq4 _1aeekoq7 _99wljg4p _16jmeqbx8 _16jmeqb2c" data-testid="related-resource"><div class="_1aeekoqk _1aeekoqm _1aeekoqn _16jmeqbxc _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqbxo _16jmeqb13c _16jmeqb15c"></div><div class="_1aeekoqt _16jmeqbig _16jmeqbkc _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb2c"><div class="_1nffqoe1 _16jmeqbu0 _16jmeqbu5 _16jmeqbus _16jmeqbux _16jmeqbvk _16jmeqbvp _16jmeqbwc _16jmeqbwh _16jmeqb16g _16jmeqbx8" style="--_1nffqoe0:19 / 14"><img class="_1nffqoe2 popcxs1 popcxs3 _16jmeqb174" src="//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=380&q=75" alt="An illustration depicting a female librarian standing at a computer terminal typing on a keyboard and using screen magnification to access Scopus research database. " width="380" height="280" sizes="(min-width: 650px) 25vw" srcSet="//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=256&q=75 256w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=384&q=75 384w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=640&q=75 640w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 750w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=828&q=75 828w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=1080&q=75 1080w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=1200&q=75 1200w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=1920&q=75 1920w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=2048&q=75 2048w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg?fm=webp&w=3840&q=75 3840w" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb17f _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m _16jmeqbn8" data-text-size="sm">Connect</span><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb17f _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqbn8" href="/zh-tw/connect/three-key-principles-for-an-accessible-website"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><h3 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164 _16jmeqbn8" data-heading-level="5"><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class="">Three key principles for an accessible website</div></div></h3></span></a></div></article></div></li><li class="_1bxw8d2"><div class="_1xz0slv1"><article class=" _1aeekoq1 _1aeekoq9 _1aeekoq3 _1aeekoqb _1aeekoq4 _1aeekoq7 _99wljg4p _16jmeqbx8 _16jmeqb2c" data-testid="related-resource"><div class="_1aeekoqk _1aeekoqm _1aeekoqn _16jmeqbxc _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqbxo _16jmeqb13c _16jmeqb15c"></div><div class="_1aeekoqt _16jmeqbig _16jmeqbkc _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb2c"><div class="_1nffqoe1 _16jmeqbu0 _16jmeqbu5 _16jmeqbus _16jmeqbux _16jmeqbvk _16jmeqbvp _16jmeqbwc _16jmeqbwh _16jmeqb16g _16jmeqbx8" style="--_1nffqoe0:19 / 14"><img class="_1nffqoe2 popcxs1 popcxs3 _16jmeqb174" src="//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=380&q=75" alt="Lucy Greco" width="380" height="280" sizes="(min-width: 650px) 25vw" srcSet="//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=256&q=75 256w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=384&q=75 384w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=640&q=75 640w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 750w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=828&q=75 828w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=1080&q=75 1080w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=1200&q=75 1200w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=1920&q=75 1920w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=2048&q=75 2048w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg?fm=webp&w=3840&q=75 3840w" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb17f _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m _16jmeqbn8" data-text-size="sm">Connect</span><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb17f _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqbn8" href="/zh-tw/connect/making-charts-accessible-for-people-with-visual-impairments"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><h3 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164 _16jmeqbn8" data-heading-level="5"><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class="">Making charts accessible for people with visual impairments</div></div></h3></span></a></div></article></div></li><li class="_1bxw8d2"><div class="_1xz0slv1"><article class=" _1aeekoq1 _1aeekoq9 _1aeekoq3 _1aeekoqb _1aeekoq4 _1aeekoq7 _99wljg4p _16jmeqbx8 _16jmeqb2c" data-testid="related-resource"><div class="_1aeekoqk _1aeekoqm _1aeekoqn _16jmeqbxc _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqbxo _16jmeqb13c _16jmeqb15c"></div><div class="_1aeekoqt _16jmeqbig _16jmeqbkc _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb2c"><div class="_1nffqoe1 _16jmeqbu0 _16jmeqbu5 _16jmeqbus _16jmeqbux _16jmeqbvk _16jmeqbvp _16jmeqbwc _16jmeqbwh _16jmeqb16g _16jmeqbx8" style="--_1nffqoe0:19 / 14"><img class="_1nffqoe2 popcxs1 popcxs3 _16jmeqb174" src="//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=380&q=75" alt="woman working at the computer" width="380" height="280" sizes="(min-width: 650px) 25vw" srcSet="//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=256&q=75 256w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=384&q=75 384w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=640&q=75 640w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 750w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=828&q=75 828w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=1080&q=75 1080w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=1200&q=75 1200w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=1920&q=75 1920w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=2048&q=75 2048w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg?fm=webp&w=3840&q=75 3840w" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb17f _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m _16jmeqbn8" data-text-size="sm">Connect</span><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb17f _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqbn8" href="/zh-tw/connect/assessing-accessibility-digital-accessibility-ux-intern-and-librarian"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><h3 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164 _16jmeqbn8" data-heading-level="5"><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class="">Assessing accessibility: Digital Accessibility/UX Intern and librarian, Iman Wright, discusses her work and experiences at Elsevier and beyond</div></div></h3></span></a></div></article></div></li><li class="_1bxw8d2"><div class="_1xz0slv1"><article class=" _1aeekoq1 _1aeekoq9 _1aeekoq3 _1aeekoqb _1aeekoq4 _1aeekoq7 _99wljg4p _16jmeqbx8 _16jmeqb2c" data-testid="related-resource"><div class="_1aeekoqk _1aeekoqm _1aeekoqn _16jmeqbxc _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqbxo _16jmeqb13c _16jmeqb15c"></div><div class="_1aeekoqt _16jmeqbig _16jmeqbkc _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4 _16jmeqb24 _16jmeqb2c"><div class="_1nffqoe1 _16jmeqbu0 _16jmeqbu5 _16jmeqbus _16jmeqbux _16jmeqbvk _16jmeqbvp _16jmeqbwc _16jmeqbwh _16jmeqb16g _16jmeqbx8" style="--_1nffqoe0:19 / 14"><img class="_1nffqoe2 popcxs1 popcxs3 _16jmeqb174" src="//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=380&q=75" alt="Stacy Masucci, Simon Holt, Emily Thomson, and Elizabethe Westgard collage" width="380" height="280" sizes="(min-width: 650px) 25vw" srcSet="//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=256&q=75 256w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=384&q=75 384w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=640&q=75 640w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=750&q=75 750w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=828&q=75 828w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=1080&q=75 1080w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=1200&q=75 1200w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=1920&q=75 1920w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=2048&q=75 2048w, //images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg?fm=webp&w=3840&q=75 3840w" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/></div><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb17f _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbse _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m _16jmeqbn8" data-text-size="sm">Connect</span><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb17f _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew _16jmeqbn8" href="/zh-tw/connect/embedding-disability-inclusion-into-the-elsevier-experience"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><h3 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164 _16jmeqbn8" data-heading-level="5"><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class="">Embedding disability inclusion into the Elsevier experience</div></div></h3></span></a></div></article></div></li></ul><div class="_16jmeqb20 _16jmeqb1i _16jmeqb24"><div class="_1bxw8d4 _16jmeqb15g _16jmeqb24 _1xz0slv0 _16jmeqbxc _1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:initial"><div class="_1bxw8d5 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class="_1bxw8d6"><button class="w17eg90 _16jmeqbu8 _16jmeqbv0 _16jmeqbvs _16jmeqbwk _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 w17eg92 w17eg94 _1bxw8d8 _16jmeqb20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-testid="carousel-slide-button-left"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M7.125 11.438 15.563 3l1.312 1.313-7.125 7.125 7.125 7.124-1.313 1.313-8.437-8.438Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><span class="_13sjisp0">Slide</span></button></div><div class="_1bxw8d7"><button class="w17eg90 _16jmeqbu8 _16jmeqbv0 _16jmeqbvs _16jmeqbwk _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb8 w17eg92 w17eg94 _1bxw8d8 _16jmeqb20" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" data-testid="carousel-slide-button-right"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="m7.125 18.563 7.125-7.125-7.125-7.126L8.438 3l8.437 8.438-8.438 8.437-1.312-1.313Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><span class="_13sjisp0">Slide</span></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></div></div></div><div class="_1lx5lep0" id="1-協助和支援"><div class="_16jmeqbj4 _16jmeqbj9 _16jmeqbjm _16jmeqbl0 _16jmeqbl5 _16jmeqbli _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><div class="section-rtf"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljgg)"><div class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbsi _16jmeqbsc _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="md"><div class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbiy _16jmeqbko _16jmeqbku _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><h2 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbss _16jmeqbta _16jmeqb16j _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="2">協助和支援</h2><ul class="_1w1hhao0 _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbic"><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">若要聯繫數位無障礙取閱團隊以索取產品VPAT或協助提供更具包容性的使用體驗，請發送電子郵件至 <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#630200000610100a010a0f0a171a23060f1006150a06114d000c0e" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="721311111701011b101b1e1b060b32171e0117041b17005c111d1f">[email protected]</span><span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a></p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">如果您因使用者名稱和密碼問題或其他非無障礙取閱問題而在使用產品時遇到問題，請使用我們的 <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://service.elsevier.com/app/overview/elsevier" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">Elsevier 支援中心<span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a></p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">如果您需要特定 Elsevier 書籍或期刊文章的無障礙取閱版本，請使用 <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://service.elsevier.com/app/contact/supporthub/disability" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">Elsevier 申請表<span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a>或<a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://shop.elsevier.com/search" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">購買我們的 EPUB3 圖書目錄<span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a></p></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="_1lx5lep0" id="2-無障礙取閱功能"><div class="_16jmeqbj4 _16jmeqbj9 _16jmeqbjm _16jmeqbl0 _16jmeqbl5 _16jmeqbli _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><div class="section-rtf"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljgg)"><div class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbsi _16jmeqbsc _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="md"><div class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbiy _16jmeqbko _16jmeqbku _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><h2 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbss _16jmeqbta _16jmeqb16j _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="2">Elsevier.com 無障礙取閱網站聲明</h2><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">Elsevier.com 致力於確保所有使用者都能獲得完全可取閱和包容性的使用體驗。Elsevier.com 的開發旨在滿足並超越《無障礙網頁內容指引》(Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WCAG 2.1 Level AA) 標準。如果您在使用網站時遇到問題或需要無障礙取閱幫助，請聯繫 <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#d7b6b4b4b2a4a4beb5bebbbea3ae97b2bba4b2a1beb2a5f9b4b8ba" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="147577777167677d767d787d606d5471786771627d71663a777b79">[email protected]</span><span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a>，我們將在兩 (2) 天內回覆您。</p><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w"><b>Elsevier.com 無障礙取閱功能包括：</b></p><ul class="_1w1hhao0 _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbic"><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">頁面具有獨特的描述性標題</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">易用鍵盤操作的連結和按鈕</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">明顯可見的對焦環</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">互動元素的邏輯焦點順序</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">可見跳到主內容的連結</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">使用適當的語義結構，包括地標、標題和清單</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">回應式設計可用於小螢幕裝置，並在瀏覽器中放大至 400%</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">背景上的高對比度文字</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">綜合網站地圖</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">麵包屑導覽標記提供有關使用者在一組網頁中的位置的資訊 </p></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="_1lx5lep0" id="3-achievements"><div class="_16jmeqbj4 _16jmeqbj9 _16jmeqbjm _16jmeqbl0 _16jmeqbl5 _16jmeqbli _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><div class="section-rtf"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljgg)"><div class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbsi _16jmeqbsc _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="md"><div class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbiy _16jmeqbko _16jmeqbku _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb0"><h2 class="m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbss _16jmeqbta _16jmeqb16j _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="2">Accessibility achievements</h2><ul class="_1w1hhao0 _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqbic"><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">ScienceDirect achieved the #1 Most Accessible Home page in the <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://webaim.org/projects/million/lookup?homepage=sciencedirect.com" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">2023 WebAIM Million study<span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a></p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">ScienceDirect achieved a <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://www.textboxdigital.com/aspiredatabaseplatforms/elsevier-sciencedirect" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">gold Aspire badge<span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a> in 2020 for providing a clear and detailed accessibility page with information on e-book features and support</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">Elsevier gained <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://publishingperspectives.com/2023/07/the-netherlands-elsevier-gains-benetech-accreditation/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">Benetech Global Certified Accessible<span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a> for eBooks</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">Elsevier presents each year at CSUN Assistive Technology conference since 2012</p></div></div></li><li class=""><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4"><span class="_1w1hhao3 _16jmeqbrs _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb1w _16jmeqbo _16jmeqb17v _16jmeqb8" aria-hidden="true"><span class="_16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><svg fill="currentColor" stroke="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="14" height="14"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="6.3"></circle></svg></span></span><div class="_16jmeqbs4"><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb16w">Elsevier is a signatory of the <a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://www.paag.uk/paag-charter-for-accessible-publishing/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">Publisher Accessibility Action Group (PAAG) Charter<span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a>, supporting the creation of accessible content for all</p></div></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script data-testid="json-ld" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org/","@type":"WebPage","headline":"Elsevier | 關於 | 無障礙取閱","description":"Elsevier 始終如一和積極主動地努力使所有使用者都能完全使用我們的產品，無論其身體能力如何。","breadcrumb":{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"/","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"/zh-TW/about","name":"關於"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"item":{"@id":"/about/accessibility","name":"無障礙取閱"}}]}}</script><script data-testid="json-ld" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org/","@type":"WebSite","name":"Elsevier","url":"https://www.elsevier.com","potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":"https://www.elsevier.com/search?query={query}","query-input":"required name=query"}}</script></main><footer class="_99wljg4r _16jmeqb19j _16jmeqb74"><div class="_99wljg4r _16jmeqb3g _16jmeqb3l _16jmeqb3q _16jmeqb78 _16jmeqb7d _16jmeqb7i _16jmeqb19j"><div class="_1kbq9x82 _1kbq9x84 _1kbq9x85 _1kbq9x88" style="--_1kbq9x80:var(--_99wljge)"><nav class="" aria-label="常用連結和支援"><div class="_1u13v720 _16jmeqbj0 _16jmeqbix _16jmeqbkc _16jmeqbkh _16jmeqbkm" style="grid-template-columns:repeat(12, 1fr)"><div class="_16jmeqbn4 _16jmeqbm9"><div class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbix _16jmeqbko _16jmeqbkt _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4"><p class="_3zvs046 m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="5">常用連結</p><ul class="_16jmeqbio _16jmeqbkk _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4"><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/researcher/author/submit-your-paper" data-testid="footer-link-提交論文" aria-label="提交論文"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">提交論文</span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://shop.elsevier.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank" data-testid="footer-link-書籍與期刊" aria-label="書籍與期刊打開新的分頁／視窗"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">書籍與期刊</span><span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/open-access" data-testid="footer-link-開放取用" aria-label="開放取用"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">開放取用</span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/products" data-testid="footer-link-查看所有產品" aria-label="查看所有產品"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">查看所有產品</span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/connect" data-testid="footer-link-Elsevier Connect" aria-label="Elsevier Connect"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">Elsevier Connect</span></span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="_16jmeqbn4 _16jmeqbm9"><div class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbix _16jmeqbko _16jmeqbkt _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4"><p class="_3zvs046 m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="5">關於</p><ul class="_16jmeqbio _16jmeqbkk _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4"><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/about" data-testid="footer-link-關於 Elsevier" aria-label="關於 Elsevier"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">關於 Elsevier</span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/about/careers" data-testid="footer-link-職業生涯" aria-label="職業生涯"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">職業生涯</span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/about/global-press-office" data-testid="footer-link-全球新聞辦公室" aria-label="全球新聞辦公室"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">全球新聞辦公室</span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://www.elsmediakits.com/?utm_source=elsevier.com&utm_medium=referral&dgcid=4168448395" rel="noopener" target="_blank" data-testid="footer-link-廣告、重印與補充" aria-label="廣告、重印與補充打開新的分頁／視窗"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">廣告、重印與補充</span><span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="_16jmeqbn4 _16jmeqbm9"><div class="_16jmeqbis _16jmeqbix _16jmeqbko _16jmeqbkt _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4"><p class="_3zvs046 m0fuh0 _16jmeqba4 _16jmeqbc4 _16jmeqbe4 _16jmeqbg4 _16jmeqb15t _16jmeqb15u _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqb177 _16jmeqbsg _16jmeqbsm _16jmeqb16k _16jmeqb164" data-heading-level="5">支援</p><ul class="_16jmeqbio _16jmeqbkk _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb4"><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/support" data-testid="footer-link-客戶支援" aria-label="客戶支援"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">客戶支援</span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://service.elsevier.com/app/overview/elsevier/" rel="noopener" target="_blank" data-testid="footer-link-資源中心" aria-label="資源中心打開新的分頁／視窗"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">資源中心</span><span class="_17x85qk1 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd1 nddnvd6 _17x85qk0"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M5.438 6.75h10.7L4.983 17.906l1.326 1.328 11.13-11.13V18.75h1.875V4.875H5.438V6.75Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></span></span></a></li></ul></div></div></div></nav></div></div><div class="_3zvs040 _16jmeqb38 _16jmeqb70 _16jmeqbgk _16jmeqbgx _16jmeqbck _16jmeqbcx _16jmeqbis _16jmeqbi5 _16jmeqbko _16jmeqbk1 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb4 _16jmeqb9 _16jmeqbw"><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><div class="_16jmeqb15k"><button class="" data-testid="region-switcher-footer" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multi-collapsible-"><div class="_16jmeqbi8 _16jmeqbk4 _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqb1ew"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" class=" nddnvd3 nddnvd5 nddnvd8"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.995 21.375h-.002a9.551 9.551 0 0 1-9.556-9.556c0-2.552.994-4.953 2.8-6.758a9.491 9.491 0 0 1 6.756-2.795c-.463 0 3.563-.397 6.758 2.799 6.046 6.045 1.671 16.31-6.756 16.31Zm-4.291-8.626h-3.33c.345 2.998 2.214 5.135 4.646 6.156-.865-1.795-1.235-4.282-1.316-6.156Zm2.777 4.821c-.51-1.302-.821-2.947-.9-4.82h4.826c-.19 4.496-1.607 6.75-2.413 6.75-.636 0-1.28-1.337-1.513-1.93Zm4.486 1.335Zm0 0c.865-1.795 1.235-4.282 1.317-6.156h3.329c-.346 2.998-2.216 5.137-4.646 6.156Zm.004-14.167-.004-.008a7.78 7.78 0 0 1 4.078 4.039.02.02 0 0 0-.005 0l-.006.002c.296.672.491 1.384.579 2.112h-3.33c-.057-1.498-.248-2.786-.554-3.988a6.141 6.141 0 0 0-2.339-1.1c.663 1.526.944 3.59 1.017 5.088H9.58c.19-4.496 1.616-6.746 2.414-6.746.796 0 2.026.2 2.977.6Zm-5.952-.002Zm-1.316 6.147c.082-1.873.452-4.352 1.316-6.147-2.428 1.019-4.3 3.15-4.645 6.147h3.33Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><p class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167">Taiwan | Chinese</p></div></button></div></div><nav class="_3zvs045" data-aa-region="social" aria-label="社群媒體帳戶"><div class="_16jmeqbig _16jmeqbkc _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8"><a class="_16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/elsevier" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="_121ua270 _121ua271 _99wljg4p _16jmeqb1s"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" data-testid="linkedin" class=" nddnvd3 nddnvd5 nddnvd8"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3 0C1.34315 0 0 1.34315 0 3V21C0 22.6569 1.34315 24 3 24H21C22.6569 24 24 22.6569 24 21V3C24 1.34315 22.6569 0 21 0H3ZM4 6.16694C4 4.95138 5.00406 4 6.16694 4C7.32963 4 8.33387 4.95138 8.33387 6.16694C8.33387 7.38269 7.32963 8.33406 6.16694 8.33406C5.00406 8.33406 4 7.38269 4 6.16694ZM7.96394 20.2787H4.42281V9.655H7.96394V20.2787ZM13.7776 11.0292C14.3061 10.1836 15.4161 9.54944 16.843 9.54944C19.5385 9.54944 20.9127 10.8179 20.9127 13.8835V20.3316H17.3716V15.5748C17.3716 13.8835 16.6317 13.2492 15.6803 13.2492C14.4119 13.2492 13.8304 14.2534 13.8304 15.8918V20.3312H10.2893V9.70788H13.7776V11.0292Z"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> LinkedIn 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a><a class="_16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://twitter.com/ElsevierConnect" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="_121ua270 _121ua271 _99wljg4p _16jmeqb1s"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" data-testid="twitter" class=" nddnvd3 nddnvd5 nddnvd8"><path d="M13.6408 10.4643L20.9224 2H19.1969L12.8743 9.34942L7.82442 2H2L9.63638 13.1136L2 21.9897H3.72561L10.4025 14.2285L15.7355 21.9897H21.5599L13.6404 10.4643H13.6408ZM11.2773 13.2115L10.5036 12.1049L4.34737 3.29901H6.9978L11.966 10.4056L12.7397 11.5123L19.1977 20.7498H16.5473L11.2773 13.212V13.2115Z"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> Twitter 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a><a class="_16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://www.facebook.com/ElsevierConnect" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="_121ua270 _121ua271 _99wljg4p _16jmeqb1s"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" data-testid="facebook" class=" nddnvd3 nddnvd5 nddnvd8"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M12.001 0C18.6274 0 24 5.37155 24 12C24 17.9895 19.6124 22.9531 13.8748 23.854V23.8526C13.8749 23.8525 13.8749 23.8525 13.8749 23.8525V15.4697H16.6716L16.9665 13.5462L17.2047 11.9995H13.8759V9.74971C13.8759 8.79979 14.3409 7.87487 15.8318 7.87487H17.3447V4.92111C17.3447 4.92111 15.9718 4.68613 14.6589 4.68613C13.9065 4.68613 13.2257 4.81136 12.6338 5.05526C11.0687 5.69961 10.1252 7.17331 10.1252 9.35522V11.9985H7.07851V12H7.07841V15.4677H7.07851V15.4682H10.1242V23.853C4.38763 22.9531 0 17.9885 0 11.999C0 5.37055 5.37155 0 12.001 0Z"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> Facebook 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a><a class="_16jmeqb1w _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://www.youtube.com/c/elsevier" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="_121ua270 _121ua271 _99wljg4p _16jmeqb1s"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" data-testid="youtube" class=" nddnvd3 nddnvd5 nddnvd8"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M21.2301 4.24687C22.2467 4.52044 23.0469 5.32594 23.3188 6.34912C23.8125 8.2035 23.8125 12.0724 23.8125 12.0724C23.8125 12.0724 23.8125 15.9414 23.3188 17.7958C23.0469 18.8188 22.2467 19.6245 21.2301 19.8981C19.3877 20.3949 12 20.3949 12 20.3949C12 20.3949 4.61231 20.3949 2.76975 19.8981C1.7535 19.6245 0.952875 18.8188 0.681 17.7958C0.1875 15.9412 0.1875 12.0724 0.1875 12.0724C0.1875 12.0724 0.1875 8.2035 0.681187 6.34912C0.9525 5.32594 1.75313 4.52062 2.76994 4.24687C4.61231 3.75 12 3.75 12 3.75C12 3.75 19.3875 3.75 21.2301 4.24687ZM15.7587 12.0724L9.58398 15.585V8.55957L15.7587 12.0724Z"></path></svg></span><span class="_13sjisp0"> YouTube 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a></div></nav></div><div class="_16jmeqbgk _16jmeqbgx _16jmeqbck _16jmeqbcx _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb10 _16jmeqb8 _16jmeqbw _16jmeqb34 _16jmeqb39"><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><img class="_3zvs041 popcxs1 popcxs3 _16jmeqb2g" src="/images/elsevier-logo-white.svg" alt="Elsevier" width="130" height="38" srcSet="/images/elsevier-logo-white.svg 1x, /images/elsevier-logo-white.svg 2x" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="https://www.relx.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><img class="_3zvs042 popcxs1 popcxs3 _16jmeqb2g" src="/images/relx-logo.svg" alt="Relx" width="120" height="36" srcSet="/images/relx-logo.svg 1x, /images/relx-logo.svg 2x" decoding="async" loading="lazy"/><span class="_13sjisp0"> 打開新的分頁／視窗</span></span></a></div><div class="_3zvs043 _16jmeqbgk _16jmeqbgx _16jmeqbck _16jmeqbcx _16jmeqbig _16jmeqbit _16jmeqbkc _16jmeqbkp _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb12 _16jmeqb4 _16jmeqba _16jmeqb34 _16jmeqb39"><p class="_3zvs044 gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="xs">版權所有 © 2025 Elsevier、其授權人和貢獻者。保留所有權利，包括文字和資料探勘、人工智慧培訓和類似技術的權利。</p><nav class="" aria-label="隱私和法規遵循" data-aa-region="privacy-and-compliance"><ul class="_16jmeqbic _16jmeqbit _16jmeqbk8 _16jmeqbkp _16jmeqb1s _16jmeqb18 _16jmeqb11 _16jmeqb4 _16jmeqb9"><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/legal/elsevier-website-terms-and-conditions"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="xs">Terms & Conditions</span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/legal/privacy-policy"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="xs">隱私權政策</span></span></a></li><li class=""><a class="_16jmeqb1k _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" href="/zh-tw/about/accessibility"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="xs">Accessibility</span></span></a></li><li class=""><button class="_16jmeqb1g _16jmeqb18z _16jmeqb1er _16jmeqb1ew" data-testid="cookie-settings-button-on-footer"><span class="gv4p8b0 _16jmeqb166 _16jmeqb167 _16jmeqbs8 _16jmeqb16m" data-text-size="xs">Cookie 設定</span></button></li></ul></nav></div></footer></div></div><script defer="" src="/scripts/remove-no-js-class.js"></script><script defer="" src="/scripts/unsupported-browser.js"></script><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"_nextI18Next":{"initialI18nStore":{"zh-TW":{"article":{"writtenBy":"{{author}}","contributorPageTitle":"貢獻者","contributorsPageTitle":"貢獻者","personProfilePageTitle":"領導團隊","authorDescription":"{{organisation}} 的 {{title}}","readingTime":"{{readingTime}} 最小讀取時間","readMore":"繼續閱讀","watchNow":"立即觀看 {{duration}} 分鐘"},"common":{"home":"首頁","back":"返回","explore":"探索","readMore":"繼續閱讀","viewMore":"查看更多","viewLess":"查看更少","play":"播放","search":"搜尋","skipToMainContent":"跳到主要內容","unsupportedBrowser":"很遺憾，我們無法支援你的瀏覽器。如果可以，請升級到新版本，或使用 Mozilla Firefox、Microsoft Edge、Google Chrome 或 Safari 14 或更新版本。如果無法升級，而且需要支援，請將你的回饋寄給我們。","dismiss":"移除","secondaryNavigation":"輔助導航","frequentlyAskedQuestionsTitle":"常見問題","unsupportedEmbeddedVideo":"你的瀏覽器不支援 HTML5 影片","relatedLinks":"相關連結","relatedResources":"相關資源","jumplinks":"頁面內導航","lastUpdate":"上次更新時間","opensInNewTabOrWindow":"打開新的分頁／視窗","download":"下載","close":"關閉","sidebarBack":"Back to","showLess":"Show less","clearAll":"Clear all","showNMore":"Show {{number}} more","continueToElsevierDotCom":"Continue to elsevier.com","pageOpensInNewTab":"Page opens in new tab","allRelatedTo":"All related to {{subject}}","watchNow":"Watch now"},"book-companion":{"videoResources":"影片資源","buyOnGlobalStore":"在全球商店購買","viewOnScienceDirect":"在 ScienceDirect 上查看","downloadableContent":"可下載內容","shopTextTitle":"購買書籍、期刊等。","shopTextBody":"發現 2,960 多種期刊、48,300 本書籍和眾多標誌性參考作品。","bookCtaLink":"瀏覽書籍","journalCtaLink":"瀏覽期刊","resources":"資源","elsevierBookPlaceholderImage":"Elsevier 書籍預留位置圖像","edition":"版本","bookCompanion":"書籍助手","untitledBook":"無標題書籍"},"contacts":{"title":"聯絡人","personEmail":"電子郵件 {{nickname}}","personProfile":"繼續閱讀 {{nickname}}","profile":"Profile","contributor":"Contributor"},"cookies":{"bannerMessage":"我們使用網站正常運作所必需的 cookie。我們也能使用其他 cookie 來分析、改善和個人化我們的內容和你的數位體驗。欲獲取更多資訊，請參閱我們的 Cookie 政策。","acceptAllCookies":"接受所有 cookie","cookieSettings":"Cookie 設定","consentBlocked":"Your browser blocked our cookie consent scripts. You are browsing anonymously.","dismiss":"Dismiss"},"error":{"pageNotFoundMessage":"找不到你在尋找的頁面","pageNotFoundTitle":"404 | Elsevier","errorPageMessage":"很遺憾，我們遇到問題……","errorPageTitle":"糟糕！| Elsevier","exploreMore":"探索更多我們網站上的資訊。","link":"返回首頁"},"footer":{"about":"關於 Elsevier","accessibility":"無障礙取閱","advertising":"廣告、重印與補充","allProducts":"所有產品","betaExperience":"這是 Elsevier 的測試版體驗。目前僅提供美式英語版本。","booksJournals":"書籍與期刊","careers":"招聘","connect":"Elsevier Connect","cookieSettings":"Cookie 設定","copyright":"版權所有 © {{ currentYear }} Elsevier、其授權人和貢獻者。保留所有權利，包括文字和資料探勘、人工智慧培訓和類似技術的權利。","customerSupport":"客戶支援","elsevier":"Elsevier","global":"全球 | 英語","newsroom":"編輯部","oldExperience":"Return to the \u003c0\u003eoriginal experience\u003c/0\u003e","openAccess":"開放取用","privacy":"隱私權保護政策","relx":"Relx","resourceCenter":"資源中心","submit":"提交論文","socialNav":"社群媒體帳戶","privacyNav":"隱私和法規遵循","navLinksTitle":"常用連結和支援","terms":"條款與細則","chooseRegion":"Choose region and language","selectCountryOrGlobal":"Select another country or region to use content specific to your location or visit the \u003c0\u003eglobal website\u003c/0\u003e.","noRegionsGoToGlobal":"Something went wrong. Please continue using your current local site, visit the \u003c0\u003eglobal site\u003c/0\u003e, or try again later."},"forms":{"address_address":"地址 1","address_address2":"地址 2","address_city":"城市","address_state":"州／省","address_zip":"郵遞區號","address_country":"國家","optOut":"如果您不希望收到\u003c0\u003eElsevier\u003c/0\u003e相關產品、服務和活動的更新、優惠和其他訊息，請勾選此框。","name_prefix":"字首","name_first":"名字","name_middle":"中間名","name_last":"姓氏","name_initial":"姓名縮寫","name_suffix":"字尾","validation_required":"{{fieldName}} 是必填","validation_minLength":"{{fieldName}} 必須至少有 {{limit}} 個字元","validation_maxLength":"{{fieldName}} 不可超過 {{limit}} 的長度","email_format":"電子郵件","tel_format":"電話","tel_text":"文字","validation_format":"{{fieldName}} 是無效的 {{fieldType}} 格式","validation_pattern":"{{fieldName}} 是無效的 {{fieldType}} 格式","submission_error":"本服務目前無法使用，如果造成不便，我們對此深表歉意","default_submission_confirmation":"感謝你與我們聯繫，我們會儘快與你聯絡","file_upload_limit":"File size is currently limited to {{fileUploadLimit}}.","select_file":"Select file","validation_minItems":"{{fieldName}} must select at least {{limit}} item(s)","startTyping":"Please start typing to search the list of organisations ...","noMatchingResults":"We could not find any organisations that match your entry","technicalDifficulties":"Sorry but we are having technical difficulties, and currently cannot retrieve any results. Please try again later!","validation_type":"{{fieldName}} must be a {{fieldType}}","number_format":"number"},"form-labels":{"address_address":"地址 1","address_address2":"地址 2","address_city":"城市","address_country":"國家","address_state":"州／省","address_zip":"郵遞區號","name_suffix":"字尾","name_initial":"姓名縮寫","name_last":"姓氏","name_first":"名字","name_prefix":"字首","name_middle":"中間名","optOut":"如果您不希望收到\u003c0\u003eElsevier\u003c/0\u003e相關產品、服務和活動的更新、優惠和其他訊息，請勾選此框。","Submit":"提交","Field 1":"For test purposes only","What solutions and services are you interested in?":"你對什麼解決方案和服務有興趣？","Scopus":"Scopus","SciVal":"SciVal","Pure":"Pure","Datasets - What solutions and services are you interested in?":"資料集──你對什麼解決方案和服務有興趣？","Datasets":"資料集","Data enrichment":"資料擴充","Data analytics":"資料分析","User tools":"使用者工具","Expert support":"專家支援","Data enrichment - What solutions and services are you interested in?":"資料擴充──你對什麼解決方案和服務有興趣？","Data analytics - What solutions and services are you interested in?":"資料分析──你對什麼解決方案和服務有興趣？","Would you like to talk to an expert about Reaxys or reaction and bioactivity datasets?":"你想要與專家討論 Reaxys 或是反應和生物活性資料集嗎？","No, not at this time":"不，目前不想","Yes, contact me about Reaxys":"是，請與我聯繫討論 Reaxys","Yes, contact me about reaction and bioactivity datasets":"是，請與我聯繫討論反應和生物活性資料集","What solutions are you interested in?":"您對哪些解決方案感興趣？","Analytical Services":"分析服務","Data Monitor":"Data Monitor","Digital Commons":"Digital Commons","Expert Lookup":"專家查詢","Funding Institutional":"資助機構","EV Which Engineering Village database are you looking for?":"EV 你在找哪個 Engineering Village 資料庫？","Chemical Business NewsBase (CBNB)":"Chemical Business NewsBase (CBNB)","Chimica":"Chimica","Compendex":"Compendex","Ei Backfile":"Ei Backfile","Ei Patents":"Ei Patents","EnCompassLIT":"EnCompassLIT","EnCompassPAT":"EnCompassPAT","GEOBASE":"GEOBASE","GeoRef":"GeoRef","Inspec":"Inspec","Inspec Archive":"Inspec Archive","NTIS (National Technical Information Service)":"NTIS（美國國家科技資訊服務處）","PaperChem":"PaperChem","DC What solutions and services are you interested in?":"DC 你對什麼解決方案和服務有興趣？","Digital Commons institutional repository (IR)":"Digital Commons 機構儲存庫（IR）","Digital Commons Data":"Digital Commons 資料","Digital Commons Journals publishing":"Digital Commons 期刊出版","Digital Commons Exhibits":"Digital Commons 展品","Not sure":"不確定","SC Which of these needs apply to your organization?":"SC 以下哪些需求適用於貴組織？","Do research (find articles for R\u0026D, track SDG research, find collaborators)":"進行研究（尋找研發的論文、追蹤永續發展目標的研究、尋找合作對象）","Track influence (of journals, authors, peers or competitors)Inform research strategy \u0026 funding opportunities":"追蹤影響力（關於期刊、作者、同儕或競爭者）告知研究策略和資助機會","Use Scopus metrics":"使用 Scopus 指標","Manage profiles (authors, institution)":"管理簡介（作者、機構）","Teach science \u0026 information literacy":"教導科學與資訊素養","Other":"其他","What ScienceDirect options are you considering for your organization today?":"你目前為貴組織考慮哪些 ScienceDirect 選項？","Full or complete ScienceDirect subscription":"完整的 ScienceDirect 訂閱","Journal-focused subscription options or packages (e.g., College Edition, Government Edition, Corporate Edition, Subject Collection, Freedom Collection, Article Choice Bundle, Backfiles, Specific Titles)":"以期刊為主的訂閱選項或組合（例如大學版、政府版、企業版、主題收藏、Freedom Collection、Article Choice Bundle、Backfiles、Specific Titles）","ScienceDirect eBooks, Major Reference Works, other books":"ScienceDirect 電子書、專業參考工具書、其他書籍","Single book purchase":"購買單本圖書","Single journal title subscription":"訂閱單本期刊","Is there anything you would like to share about your organization’s goals and needs?":"關於貴組織的目標和需求，你還想分享什麼嗎？","Yes, contact me about Reaxys and/or bioactivity and reaction datasets":"是，請與我聯繫討論 Reaxys 及（或）生物活性和反應資料集","About you":"你的個人資料","First name":"名字","Last name":"姓氏","Work email address":"工作用電子郵件地址","Work phone":"工作用電話","Job title":"職稱","About your organization":"貴組織資料","Organization":"組織","Organization type":"組織類型","Academic":"學術","Corporate":"公司","Distributor or Reseller":"經銷商或轉售商","Government":"政府","Medical / Health":"醫療／衛生","Society / Association":"學會／協會","Industry":"產業","Pharmaceuticals":"藥物","Medical devices":"醫療器材","Chemicals and materials":"化學製品與材料","Energy and natural resources":"能源與自然資源","Dept / School / College name":"系所／學院／大學名稱","City":"城市","What challenges are you looking to address?":"你希望解決什麼難題？","I am interested in":"我有興趣的是","Updating an institution profile":"更新機構簡介","Updating an author profile":"更新作者個人檔案","Estimated number of users":"預計用戶數","If you do not wish to receive updates, offers and other information about relevant products, services and events from Elsevier, please tick the box.":"如果你不希望收到Elsevier 產品、服務及活動的更新與優惠，請在方框中打勾。","Country / region":"國家／地區","Afghanistan":"阿富汗","Åland Islands":"奧蘭群島","Albania":"阿爾巴尼亞","Algeria":"阿爾及利亞","American Samoa":"美屬薩摩亞","Andorra":"安道爾","Angola":"安哥拉","Anguilla":"英屬安圭拉","Antartica":"南極洲","Antigua and Barbuda":"安地卡及巴布達","Argentina":"阿根廷","Armenia":"亞美尼亞","Aruba":"阿魯巴","Australia":"澳洲","Austria":"奧地利","Azerbaijan":"亞塞拜然","Bahamas":"巴哈馬","Bahrain":"巴林","Bangladesh":"孟加拉","Barbados":"巴貝多","Belarus":"白俄羅斯","Belgium":"比利時","Benin":"貝南","Bhutan":"不丹","Bolivia":"玻利維亞","Bosnia and Herzegovina":"波士尼亞和赫塞哥維那","Botswana":"波札那","Brazil":"巴西","Brunei Darussalam":"汶萊","Bulgaria":"保加利亞","Burkina Faso":"布吉納法索","Burundi":"蒲隆地","Cambodia":"柬埔寨","Cameroon":"喀麥隆","Canada":"加拿大","Cabo Verde":"維德角","Cayman islands":"開曼群島","Chad":"查德","Chile":"智利","China":"中國大陸","Coco Islands":"可可斯群島","Colombia":"哥倫比亞","Congo":"剛果","Congo, Democratic Republic":"剛果民主共和國","Cook Islands":"庫克群島","Costa Rica":"哥斯大黎加","Côte d'Ivoire":"象牙海岸","Croatia":"克羅埃西亞","Cuba":"古巴","Curaçao":"古拉索","Cyprus":"賽普勒斯","Czechia":"捷克","Denmark":"丹麥","Djibouti":"吉布地","Dominican Republic":"多明尼加共和國","Ecuador":"厄瓜多爾","Egypt":"埃及","El Salvador":"薩爾瓦多","Equatorial Guinea":"赤道幾內亞","Eritrea":"厄利垂亞","Estonia":"愛沙尼亞","Ethiopia":"衣索比亞","Fiji":"斐濟","Finland":"芬蘭","France":"法國","Gabon":"加彭","Gambia":"甘比亞","Georgia":"喬治亞","Germany":"德國","Ghana":"迦納","Gibraltar":"直布羅陀","Greece":"希臘","Greenland":"格陵蘭","Grenada":"格瑞那達","Guatemala":"瓜地馬拉","Guinea":"幾內亞","Guyana":"蓋亞那","Haiti":"海地","Heard Island and McDonald Islands":"赫德及麥唐納群島","Holy See":"教廷","Honduras":"宏都拉斯","Hong Kong":"香港","Hungary":"匈牙利","Iceland":"冰島","India":"印度","Indonesia":"印尼","Iran":"伊朗","Iraq":"伊拉克","Ireland":"愛爾蘭","Isle of Man":"曼島","Israel":"以色列","Italy":"義大利","Jamaica":"牙買加","Japan":"日本","Jordan":"約旦","Kazakhstan":"哈薩克","Kenya":"肯亞","Korea, North":"北韓","Korea, South":"南韓","Kuwait":"科威特","Kyrgyzstan":"吉爾吉斯","Latvia":"拉脫維亞","Lebanon":"黎巴嫩","Lesotho":"賴索托","Liberia":"賴比瑞亞","Libya":"利比亞","Lithuania":"立陶宛","Luxembourg":"盧森堡","Madagascar":"馬達加斯加","Malawi":"馬拉威","Malaysia":"馬來西亞","Maldives":"馬爾地夫","Mali":"馬利","Malta":"馬爾他","Martinique":"法屬馬丁尼克","Mauritania":"茅利塔尼亞","Mauritius":"模里西斯","Mexico":"墨西哥","Moldova":"摩爾多瓦","Monaco":"摩纳哥","Mongolia":"蒙古","Montenegro":"蒙特內哥羅","Montserrat":"英屬蒙哲臘","Morocco":"摩洛哥","Mozambique":"莫三比克","Myanmar":"緬甸","Namibia":"納米比亞","Nepal":"尼泊爾","Netherlands":"荷蘭","New Caledonia":"新喀里多尼亞","New Zealand":"紐西蘭","Nicaragua":"尼加拉瓜","Niger":"尼日","Nigeria":"奈及利亞","Norfolk Island":"諾福克島","North Macedonia":"北馬其頓","Norway":"挪威","Oman":"阿曼","Pakistan":"巴基斯坦","Panama":"巴拿馬","Papua New Guinea":"巴布亞紐幾內亞","Paraguay":"巴拉圭","Peru":"秘魯","Philippines":"菲律賓","Poland":"波蘭","Portugal":"葡萄牙","Puerto Rico":"波多黎各","Qatar":"卡達","Réunion":"留尼旺","Romania":"羅馬尼亞","Russian Federation":"俄羅斯聯邦","Rwanda":"盧安達","Saint Kitts and Nevis":"聖克里斯多福及尼維斯","Saint Lucia":"聖露西亞","Saint Vincent and the Grenadines":"聖文森及格瑞那丁","Samoa":"薩摩亞","Saudi Arabia":"沙烏地阿拉伯","Senegal":"塞內加爾","Serbia":"塞爾維亞","Seychelles":"塞席爾","Singapore":"新加坡","Sint Maarten":"聖馬丁","Slovakia":"斯洛伐克","Slovenia":"斯洛維尼亞","Somalia":"索馬利亞","South Africa":"南非共和國","South Sudan":"南蘇丹","Spain":"西班牙","Sri Lanka":"斯里蘭卡","Sudan":"蘇丹","Suriname":"蘇利南","Svalbard and Jan Mayen":"斯瓦巴及尖棉","Eswatini":"史瓦帝尼王國","Sweden":"瑞典","Switzerland":"瑞士","Syrian Arab Republic":"敘利亞","Taiwan":"台灣","Tajikistan":"塔吉克","Tanzania, the United Republic of":"坦尚尼亞","Thailand":"泰國","Togo":"多哥","Tokelau":"托克勞群島","Tonga":"東加","Trinidad and Tobago":"千里達及托貝哥","Tunisia":"突尼西亞","Turkey":"土耳其","Uganda":"烏干達","Ukraine":"烏克蘭","United Arab Emirates":"阿拉伯聯合大公國","United Kingdom":"英國","United States of America":"美國","Uruguay":"烏拉圭","United States Minor Outlying Islands":"美屬邊疆群島","Uzbekistan":"烏茲別克","Vanuatu":"萬那杜","Venezuela":"委內瑞拉","Viet Nam":"越南","Virgin Islands, British":"英屬維京群島","Virgin Islands, U.S.":"美屬維京群島","Wallis and Futuna":"瓦利斯和富圖納群島","Western Sahara":"西撒哈拉","Yemen":"葉門","Zambia":"尚比亞","Zimbabwe":"辛巴威","organisation_search_name":"Organisation","How can our Sales team help you?":"想了解我們的產品能如何助您一臂之力？","Dentistry":"牙科","Health Professions":"健康專業","Medicine":"醫學","Nursing":"護理","Veterinary":"獸醫學","Basic Sciences":"基礎科學","Dental Anaesthesia":"牙科麻醉","Dental Assisting":"牙科助理","Dental Auxilliary":"牙科輔助","Dental Hygiene":"牙科衛生","Dental Materials":"牙科材料","Dental Microbiology and Infection":"牙科微生物學與感染","Dental Therapeutics and Pharmacology":"牙科治療學與藥理學","Endodontics":"牙髓病學","General":"一般","Medicine, Surgery and Pathology":"醫學、外科與病理學","Operative":"牙科手術","Oral Medicine":"口腔醫學","Oral Pathology":"口腔病理學","Oral Radiology":"口腔放射學","Oral Surgery":"口腔外科","Orthodontics":"牙齒矯正","Paediatric":"兒童牙科","Periodontics":"牙周病學","Practice Mgmt and Community Dent":"診所管理與社區牙科","Preventive":"預防牙科","Prosthetic":"牙科修復學","Aquatics/Life-Saving":"水上救生","Chiropractic":"脊椎神經醫學","Clinical Laboratory Science":"臨床實驗室科學","Complementary Medicine":"補充醫學","Diet Therapy":"飲食療法","Emergency Medical Services":"急救醫療服務","Fire Science/Trucks":"消防科學/消防車","Health Information Management":"健康信息管理","Health Occupations":"健康職業","Health Policy":"健康政策","Health Professions: General":"健康職業：一般","Health Risk Assessment":"健康風險評估","Hospital Admin and Management":"醫院管理","Hospital Administration and Care":"醫院管理與護理","Imaging Technologies":"影像技術","Manual Therapy":"手動治療","Massage Therapy":"按摩療法","Medical Administration":"醫療管理","Medical Assisting and Transcription":"醫療助理與轉錄","Medical Laboratory Technicians":"醫學實驗室技術人員","Medical Terminology":"醫學術語","Medical Transportation":"醫療運輸","Occupational Therapy":"職業治療","Operating Theatre Technicians and Assistants":"手術室技師與助理","Optometry":"驗光","Osteopathy":"骨科醫學","Pharmacognosy":"生藥學","Pharmacy":"藥學","Physical Therapy":"物理治療","Podiatry":"足科醫學","Psychology":"心理學","Radiography":"放射學","Rehabilitation":"康復","Respiratory Care":"呼吸護理","Speech and Hearing":"言語與聽力","Sports Science":"運動科學","Surgical Technology":"外科技術","Allergy and Clinical Immunology":"過敏與臨床免疫學","Anaesthesiology":"麻醉學","Anatomy":"解剖學","Basic Medical Science":"基礎醫學","Behavioural Science":"行為科學","Biochemistry and Chemistry":"生物化學與化學","Cardiology":"心臟病學","Clinical/General Medicine":"臨床/普通內科","Critical Care":"重症護理","Dermatology":"皮膚科學","Diseases":"疾病學","Embryology":"胚胎學","Emergency Medicine":"急診醫學","Endocrinology":"內分泌學","Epidemiology and Public Health":"流行病學與公共衛生","Family Medicine":"家庭醫學","Gastroenterology and Hepatology":"胃腸病學與肝病學","Genetics":"遺傳學","Geriatrics":"老年醫學","Healing":"康復","Hematology":"血液學","Histology":"組織學","Infectious Diseases":"傳染病","Internal Medicine":"內科","Lab and Diagnostic Tests":"實驗室與診斷測試","Medical Equipment and Techniques":"醫療設備與技術","Medical Reference":"醫學參考","Microbiology":"微生物學","Nephrology":"腎臟學","Neurology":"神經學","Obstetrics and Gynecology":"產科與婦科","Oncology":"腫瘤學","Ophthalmology":"眼科學","Orthopedics":"骨科","Orthopedics and Orthopedic Surgery":"骨科與整形外科","Otolaryngology":"耳鼻喉科","Palliative Medicine":"安寧緩和醫學","Pathology":"病理學","Pediatrics":"小兒科","Perinatology and Neonatology":"圍產期學與新生兒科","Pharmacology":"藥理學","Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation":"物理醫學與康復","Physicians":"醫師","Physicians Assistant":"醫師助理","Physiology":"生理學","Psychiatry":"精神病學","Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine":"胸腔與呼吸科醫學","Radiology":"放射線學","Rheumatology":"風濕病學","Sleep Medicine":"睡眠醫學","Sports Medicine":"運動醫學","Surgery":"外科學","Urology":"泌尿科學","Adult Nursing":"成人護理","Advanced Practice Nursing":"高級護理實踐","Anatomy and Physiology":"解剖學與生理學","Anesthesia":"麻醉","Assessment and Diagnosis":"評估與診斷","Assisting":"輔助","Basic Science":"基礎科學","Cardiovascular Care":"心血管護理","Care Planning":"護理計劃","Case Management":"個案管理","Children''s Nursing":"兒科護理","Communication and Counselling Skills":"溝通與諮詢技巧","Community Nursing":"社區護理","Community and Home Care":"社區及家庭護理","Dermatology and Wound Care":"皮膚科和傷口護理","Dictionaries":"字典","Education":"教育","Emergency":"急診護理","Ethics, Law and Philosophy":"倫理、法律與哲學","Forensic Mental Health":"法醫精神健康","Foundation Textbooks":"基礎教材","Fundamentals and Skills":"基礎與技能","Gastrointestinal System":"胃腸系統","General Clinical Nursing":"一般臨床護理","Health Care Assistant":"健康護理助理","Health Promotion":"健康促進","Infection Control Nursing":"感染控制護理","Issues and Trends":"議題和趨勢","LPN and LVN":"執業護士與執業護理師","Leadership and Management":"領導與管理","Learning Disabilities":"學習障礙","Maths":"數學","Medical, Surgical - Advanced Practice":"醫療外科 - 高級實踐","Medical-Surgical":"醫療外科","Mens Health":"男性健康","Midwifery":"助產","Neurological Nursing":"神經護理","Nutrition and Dietetics":"營養與飲食療法","Ophthalmic Nursing":"眼科護理","Orthopaedic Nursing":"骨科護理","Pathophysiology":"病理生理學","Patient Education":"患者教育","Process/Diagnosis":"流程/診斷","Psychiatric and Mental Health":"精神健康護理","Renal and Urological Nursing":"腎臟與泌尿護理","Research":"研究","Research and Theory":"研究與理論","Respiratory Nursing":"呼吸護理","Review":"回顧","Revision Aids and Study Skills":"複習輔助與學習技巧","Sexual Health":"性健康","Social Work+I28":"社會工作","Sociology and Social Policy":"社會學與社會政策","Surgical Nursing":"手術室護理","Theory":"理論","Academic (Medical, Pharmacy or Nursing College/University)":"學術機構 (醫學、藥學或護理學院/大學)","Government (DoD, Federal, State, etc.)":"政府機構 (國防部、聯邦、州等)","Payer (Health Plans, Benefits Management, Care Organization, PBM, TPA, etc.)":"支付方 (健康計劃、福利管理、護理組織、PBM、TPA等)","Provider - Ambulatory/Out-Patient Facility":"供應商 - 門診/門診設施","Provider - Healthcare Network":"供應商 - 醫療網絡","Provider - Home Health Care/Agency":"供應商 - 家庭護理/機構","Provider - Hospital":"供應商 - 醫院","Provider - Human Services":"供應商 - 人類服務","Provider - Long Term Care (Nursing Home, Skilled Nursing facility, Rehabilitation Center…)":"供應商 - 長期護理 (養老院、專業護理設施、康復中心…)","Provider - Medical Group Practice":"供應商 - 醫療團體診所","Technology (HIT, EMR, EHR, etc.)":"技術 (HIT, EMR, EHR等)","Executive/Executive Director/C-Level":"執行長","Education - Dean/Lead/Head (School/Department)":"院長 /","Librarian":"圖書館員","Education - Course Lead/Head of Year":"教育 - 课程负责人/年级主任","Resident/Trainee/Junior Doctor":"實習醫師/住院醫師","Clinician/Physician/Practitioner/Doctor":"專業人員/醫師/研究員","Researcher":"研究員","Education-Educator (Preceptor/Lecturer/Instructor)":"講師/指導教授","Student":"學生","Faculty":"教員","Informaticist":"資訊學專家","IT":"IT","Patient Care / Quality / Compliance / Safety":"患者護理 / 質量 / 合規 / 安全","Pharmacist":"藥劑師","Staff Development / HR":"人員發展 / 人力資源","Author":"作者","Nurse Management":"護理管理","Nurse/RN":"護士/RN","Frontline Supervisor":"一線主管","Case Manager":"個案經理","Marketing":"市場行銷","Pricing and Reimbursement":"定價和報銷","Sales":"銷售","Fellow":"研究員","Support Worker":"支援工作人員","Title":"標題","Email address":"電子郵件","Phone":"電話","Role":"職業清單","Current year of study":"學年","Year of graduation":"畢業年份","Area of interest":"有興趣的領域","Specialty":"專業","State":"州","ZIP / postal code":"郵遞區號","Which product are you interested in?":"您對哪種產品有興趣？","What challenges are you looking to solve?":"您希望解決哪方面的難題?","I am interested in this product for":"試用對象","My institution":"我的機構","Myself":"我"},"header":{"returnToOldExperience":"回到原始體驗","feedbackOnNewExperience":"我們衷心感謝你對這個新體驗的回饋。","tellUsWhatYouThink":"告訴我們你的想法","hideMenu":"隱藏選單","showMenu":"顯示選單","backToMainNavigation":"返回主導航","mainNavigation":"主網站導航","userIcon":"使用者帳戶","cartIcon":"購物車","openSearch":"公開搜尋","closeSearch":"關閉搜尋","publishWithUs":"與我們共同出版","globeIcon":"Location Selector"},"home":{"relatedLinksTitle":"精選主題與社群"},"locales":{"selectCountryOrGlobal":"Select another country or region to use content specific to your location or visit the \u003c0\u003eglobal website\u003c/0\u003e.","chooseRegion":"Choose region and language","noLocalContentToShow":"Sorry, we have no local content to show here","viewContentOnGlobal":"Would you like to view the latest content that we do have available, (only available in English) on our global website?"},"preview":{"viewingUnpublishedContent":"查看未出版內容","exitPreviewMode":"退出預覽模式"},"search":{"pageTitle":"搜尋 | Elsevier","searchText":"你在尋找什麼？","openSearch":"公開搜尋","closeSearch":"關閉搜尋","authorListOne":"按 {{person}}","authorListMultiple":"按 {{people}} 和 {{personLast}}","journals":"期刊","books":"書籍","topResultInBooks":"圖書排名第一","seeMoreBooks":"查看 {{approxTotalBooks}} 更多書籍","openAccess":"公開取用","journalCatalogTitle":"Journal catalog","journalCatalogDescription":"Choose the journal that’s right for you. Browse through over 2,900 Elsevier titles across all areas of science, so you’ll always find the best match for your research. Search by keyword, filter by subject area or access type and sort by relevance.","searchForElsevierJournals":"Search for Elsevier journals","journalCoverFor":"Journal cover for {{title}}","subscribeToJournal":"Subscribe to journal","allFilters":"Filters","totalResults":"results","clearSearch":"Clear","webshop":"From our webshop","relatedJournals":"Related journals","relatedBooks":"Related books","journalHomepage":"Journal Homepage","completeAnatomyTitle":"Complete Anatomy Articles","completeAnatomyDescription":"A collection of articles featuring written content and 2D images from Complete Anatomy, the world's most advanced 3D anatomy platform.\u003cbr/\u003e\u003cbr/\u003e\u003curl\u003eDownload Complete Anatomy\u003c/url\u003e from your app store for the full 3D experience.","allFiltersSidebarHeader":"All filters","globalNoResultsFound":"No results found for your search on \u003c0\u003eelsevier.com\u003c/0\u003e","articlePublishingChargesDiscover":"Discover Article publishing charges (APC)","articlePublishingChargesShowLess":"Show less","articlePublishingChargesLoading":"Loading..."},"webinar":{"title":"線上研討會","register":"立即註冊","speaker":"發言者","speakers":"發言者","relatedResources":"相關資源","speaker_one":"Speaker","speaker_other":"Speakers"}},"en-us":{"article":{},"common":{},"book-companion":{},"contacts":{},"cookies":{},"error":{},"footer":{},"forms":{},"form-labels":{},"header":{},"home":{},"locales":{},"preview":{},"search":{},"webinar":{}}},"initialLocale":"zh-TW","ns":["article","common","book-companion","contacts","cookies","error","footer","forms","form-labels","header","home","locales","preview","search","webinar"],"userConfig":null},"template":{"id":"story","items":[{"component":"StoryHero","id":"da28b990-b9c9-4b61-8d51-65da27593d4e"},{"component":"StoryIntro","optional":true,"id":"b763f193-e0d6-41a8-afdc-811b01fd8ba8"},{"component":"PromotionalBanner","optional":true,"id":"cb35920d-4296-41cc-aa91-120d623836dc"},{"component":"StoryContent","id":"e6bd442c-1a36-4e5a-8da9-821024f92d4b"}],"analyticsPageType":"Generic Page"},"pageId":"6TjpscPYe74FkTonEf6aHG","breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Home","slug":"/"},{"name":"關於","slug":"/zh-TW/about"},{"name":"無障礙取閱","slug":"/about/accessibility"}],"contentId":"6tTOcQa0hn16X3T9HsK5xP","image":{"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg","alt":"Blind woman using computer with screen reader","width":1420,"height":1420},"pageComponentProps":{"da28b990-b9c9-4b61-8d51-65da27593d4e":{"props":{"title":"無障礙取閱","description":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier 始終如一和積極主動地努力使所有使用者都能完全使用我們的產品，無論其身體能力如何。","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"image":{"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/o78em1y1w4i4/3PO2uDaVZsPSOPyYYVrswL/51957421ed1e137e3339f2209db70bf1/blind-woman-using-computer-with-screen-readers.jpg","alt":"Blind woman using computer with screen reader","width":1420,"height":1420},"primaryLink":null,"analyticsRegion":"hero-ctas"}},"b763f193-e0d6-41a8-afdc-811b01fd8ba8":{"props":{"title":"透過知識賦能","body":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"我們對無障礙的承諾促進了包容性和多樣性，並促進了科學和創新。我們致力於創造包容性的產品和服務，以增強我們所服務的社區的能力，包括研究和健康社區以及更廣泛的社會。證據表明，創造一個讓每個人都有平等成功機會的環境不僅是公平的，而且可以帶來更好、更有影響力的科學研究。我們努力以開放和真實的方式實現數位可訪問性。","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"}}},"cb35920d-4296-41cc-aa91-120d623836dc":{},"e6bd442c-1a36-4e5a-8da9-821024f92d4b":{"props":{"sections":[{"id":"0-無障礙取閱政策","name":"無障礙取閱政策","items":[{"id":"2MhIP4D5kaw2JqXPcvgpr","componentProps":{"typeName":"RichTextFull","props":{"document":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier 的無障礙取閱政策","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-2"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"圍繞無障礙取閱進行協作和教育 ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-4"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"我們：","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"聘請數位無障礙取閱團隊，為開發團隊和客戶提供專家支援，並實現與外部合作夥伴的協作","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"為新員工提供無障礙取閱意識培訓，並為所有員工提供結構化的培訓課程","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"在包括業界專家和殘障人士在內的廣泛協作網路的支援下，持續測試和整合產品意見回饋","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"為研究和醫療圈製作相關書籍、期刊、網站、活動和其他產品，推進無障礙取閱知識","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"召開執行季度無障礙取閱和包容性指導小組","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"表彰在工作中堅持 Elsevier 無障礙取閱政策的個人和產品團隊","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"透過無障礙取閱公會分享最佳實踐並促進協作","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"利用業界標準工具","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-4"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"我們：","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"開發產品以滿足並超越全球資訊網協會的《無障礙網頁內容指引》(Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WCAG 2.1 Level AA) 和未來修訂版","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"建立具有以下特點的數位產品和服務：","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"可感知","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"：資訊和使用者介面元件必須以使用者可以感知的方式呈現給使用者，這意味著使用者必須能夠理解所描述的資訊： ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"不能是使用者的所有感官都無法感知的","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"可操作","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"：","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"介面不能要求使用者無法執行的互動","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"易於理解","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"：","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"使用者必須能夠理解資訊以及使用者介面的操作","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"強大","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"：","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"value":"隨著技術和使用者代理的演進，內容應保持無障礙取閱並與一系列輔助技術相容","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"在開發產品時利用自動化無障礙取閱測試工具和手動測試方法","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"將無障礙取閱納入我們的《數位品牌指南》(Digital Brand Guideline)，鞏固我們的同理設計原則","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"盡可能超越合規要求，這在我們世界一流的自願性產品無障礙取閱範本 (Voluntary Product Accessibility Templates, VPAT) 中有詳細說明","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"創新簡化無障礙取閱的新工具，例如 ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://romeo.elsevier.com/accessibility_checklist"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier 無障礙取閱清單工具","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"在我們的業務運營中嵌入無障礙取閱","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-4"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"我們：","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"透過創新使用新技術，從一開始就納入無障礙取閱要求，推動產品的無障礙取閱和可用性","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"使客戶和使用者能夠輕鬆快速地與我們溝通我們產品和服務的無障礙取閱和可用性","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"與客戶和研究社群合作，以無障礙取閱的電子格式提供所有內容和服務","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"透過問卷評估計劃促進供應商的無障礙取閱","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"與外部機構、業界專家、殘障使用者和其他人合作，增強和分享我們的無障礙取閱見解和能力","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"設定目標和關鍵結果：我們透過分析驅動的方法追蹤產品的無障礙取閱進展，並透過公司成熟度模型不斷改進我們的方法","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"欲瞭解更多資訊，請聯繫 ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"mailto:accessibility@elsevier.com?subject=Contact%20us%20about%20accessibility"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"accessibility@elsevier.com","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"。","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"imageWithCaption":{"image":{"src":"","alt":"","width":0,"height":0},"caption":null},"callToActionLink":null}}},{"id":"6h1o22R491oakX8xcmQczR","componentProps":{"typeName":"PageListWithMedia","props":{"title":"Featured news and stories","showMore":{"label":"","href":null,"page":{"slug":""}},"resources":[{"id":"5L3lf6bswUOLIB5FBmsQpM","title":"Three key principles for an accessible website","subtitle":"Connect","href":"/connect/three-key-principles-for-an-accessible-website","image":{"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/6ubqSe19RyKjzf5u7rA1d6/c5259eefb2ec34ff82b18f996b59b70b/ELS-accessibility-editorial-illustration.jpg","alt":"An illustration depicting a female librarian standing at a computer terminal typing on a keyboard and using screen magnification to access Scopus research database. "},"location":"","publishDate":"2023-06-20"},{"id":"QG3tQzN63b5Y6ShLZmVnK","title":"Making charts accessible for people with visual impairments","subtitle":"Connect","href":"/connect/making-charts-accessible-for-people-with-visual-impairments","image":{"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/23HugVIXXttL8UeSHsVqQf/7d3f79069667ae2a63f7eee7c4aa6f7a/Lucy_Greco.jpg","alt":"Lucy Greco"},"location":"","publishDate":"2020-12-08"},{"id":"6ZoHgptetJcpCDBZH8qTYU","title":"Assessing accessibility: Digital Accessibility/UX Intern and librarian, Iman Wright, discusses her work and experiences at Elsevier and beyond","subtitle":"Connect","href":"/connect/assessing-accessibility-digital-accessibility-ux-intern-and-librarian","image":{"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/3IBRtHbr9ITFdC9VrOeHJ/54b1d2ae461e5a5f6f887695c03f76dd/woman-at-computer.jpg","alt":"woman working at the computer"},"location":"","publishDate":"2021-11-11"},{"id":"5P4uDkqvc4kPsS5YyrZ1kH","title":"Embedding disability inclusion into the Elsevier experience","subtitle":"Connect","href":"/connect/embedding-disability-inclusion-into-the-elsevier-experience","image":{"src":"//images.ctfassets.net/zlnfaxb2lcqx/7EWeGjbv7ZIAEATdzagWBs/9261231e0a95b576ac265fba866708c4/Elsevier-Enabled-composite.jpg","alt":"Stacy Masucci, Simon Holt, Emily Thomson, and Elizabethe Westgard collage"},"location":"","publishDate":"2022-11-28"}]}}}]},{"id":"1-協助和支援","name":"協助和支援","items":[{"id":"y7gwJeEvzf1AWyGdYk14w","componentProps":{"typeName":"RichTextFull","props":{"document":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"協助和支援","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-2"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"若要聯繫數位無障礙取閱團隊以索取產品VPAT或協助提供更具包容性的使用體驗，請發送電子郵件至 ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"mailto:accessibility@elsevier.com"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"accessibility@elsevier.com","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"如果您因使用者名稱和密碼問題或其他非無障礙取閱問題而在使用產品時遇到問題，請使用我們的 ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://service.elsevier.com/app/overview/elsevier"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier 支援中心","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"如果您需要特定 Elsevier 書籍或期刊文章的無障礙取閱版本，請使用 ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://service.elsevier.com/app/contact/supporthub/disability"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier 申請表","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"或","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://shop.elsevier.com/search"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"購買我們的 EPUB3 圖書目錄","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"imageWithCaption":{"image":{"src":"","alt":"","width":0,"height":0},"caption":null},"callToActionLink":null}}}]},{"id":"2-無障礙取閱功能","name":"無障礙取閱功能","items":[{"id":"0YQP1vlInainEktuAKadP","componentProps":{"typeName":"RichTextFull","props":{"document":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier.com 無障礙取閱網站聲明","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-2"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier.com 致力於確保所有使用者都能獲得完全可取閱和包容性的使用體驗。Elsevier.com 的開發旨在滿足並超越《無障礙網頁內容指引》(Web Content Accessibility Guidelines WCAG 2.1 Level AA) 標準。如果您在使用網站時遇到問題或需要無障礙取閱幫助，請聯繫 ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"mailto:accessibility@elsevier.com"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"accessibility@elsevier.com","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"，我們將在兩 (2) 天內回覆您。","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[{"type":"bold"}],"value":"Elsevier.com 無障礙取閱功能包括：","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"頁面具有獨特的描述性標題","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"易用鍵盤操作的連結和按鈕","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"明顯可見的對焦環","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"互動元素的邏輯焦點順序","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"可見跳到主內容的連結","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"使用適當的語義結構，包括地標、標題和清單","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"回應式設計可用於小螢幕裝置，並在瀏覽器中放大至 400%","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"背景上的高對比度文字","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"綜合網站地圖","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"麵包屑導覽標記提供有關使用者在一組網頁中的位置的資訊 ","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"imageWithCaption":{"image":{"src":"","alt":"","width":0,"height":0},"caption":null},"callToActionLink":null}}}]},{"id":"3-Achievements","name":"Achievements","items":[{"id":"7GzYG4LCLHsTsMRyE0WYEk","componentProps":{"typeName":"RichTextFull","props":{"document":{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Accessibility achievements","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"heading-2"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"ScienceDirect achieved the #1 Most Accessible Home page in the ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://webaim.org/projects/million/lookup?homepage=sciencedirect.com"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"2023 WebAIM Million study","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"ScienceDirect achieved a ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.textboxdigital.com/aspiredatabaseplatforms/elsevier-sciencedirect"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"gold Aspire badge","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" in 2020 for providing a clear and detailed accessibility page with information on e-book features and support","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier gained ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://publishingperspectives.com/2023/07/the-netherlands-elsevier-gains-benetech-accreditation/"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Benetech Global Certified Accessible","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":" for eBooks","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier presents each year at CSUN Assistive Technology conference since 2012","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Elsevier is a signatory of the ","nodeType":"text"},{"data":{"uri":"https://www.paag.uk/paag-charter-for-accessible-publishing/"},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"Publisher Accessibility Action Group (PAAG) Charter","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"hyperlink"},{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":", supporting the creation of accessible content for all","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"list-item"}],"nodeType":"unordered-list"},{"data":{},"content":[{"data":{},"marks":[],"value":"","nodeType":"text"}],"nodeType":"paragraph"}],"nodeType":"document"},"imageWithCaption":{"image":{"src":"","alt":"","width":0,"height":0},"caption":null},"callToActionLink":null}}}]}]}}},"navigation":[{"id":"navigation-item-0","title":"學術與政府","items":[{"title":"了解更多","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"學術與政府","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/academic-and-government"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"特色產品","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://shop.elsevier.com/","label":"Elsevier 商店","openInNewWindow":true},"description":"搜尋書籍、期刊等"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"ScienceDirect","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/sciencedirect"}},"description":"同儕審查的學術文獻"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Scopus","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/scopus"}},"description":"多學科索摘和引文資料庫"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"SciVal","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/scival"}},"description":"有助於研究計劃的策略見解"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Reaxys","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/reaxys"}},"description":"由專家編輯的化學資料庫"},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/zh-tw/products#0-a\u0026g-%E7%94%A2%E5%93%81","label":"所有產品","openInNewWindow":false},"description":""}]},{"title":"解決方案","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"研究人員工具","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/researcher-tools"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"機構策略","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/institutional-strategy"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"學術與研究業務","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/academic-and-research-operations"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"資助與合作機會","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/funding-and-collaboration-opportunities"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"機構聲譽與排名","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/institutional-reputation-and-rankings"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"科學、技術和工程教育","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/stem-education"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"資源","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"研究員和作者","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/researcher"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"編輯","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/editor"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"審稿者","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/reviewer"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"圖書館員","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/librarian"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"學術與研究主導者","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/academic-and-research-leader"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"資助者","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/funder"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"學會","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/societies"}},"description":""}]}]},{"id":"navigation-item-1","title":"醫療","items":[{"title":"了解更多","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"健康 | 衛生","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/health"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"特色產品","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://www.asia.elsevierhealth.com/","label":"Elsevier 商店","openInNewWindow":true},"description":"搜尋書籍、期刊等"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"ClinicalKey","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/clinicalkey"}},"description":"護理點答案"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Clinical Skills","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/clinical-skills"}},"description":"Evidence-based skills and procedures"},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/zh-tw/products#1-%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E7%94%A2%E5%93%81","label":"所有產品","openInNewWindow":false},"description":""}]},{"title":"解決方案","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"臨床決策","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/clinical-decision-support"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"臨床參考","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/clinical-reference"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"醫學教育","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/medical-education"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"護理教育","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/nursing-education"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"資源","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"醫師","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/health/physician"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"醫學院","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/health/medical-faculty"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"醫學院學生","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/health/medical-student"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"護理師","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/health/nurse"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"護理系教師","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/health/nurse-faculty"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"護理學生","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/health/nursing-student"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Pharmacist","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/health/pharmacist"}},"description":""}]}]},{"id":"navigation-item-2","title":"企業","items":[{"title":"了解更多","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"企業","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"特色產品","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"ScienceDirect","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/sciencedirect"}},"description":"同儕審查的學術文獻"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Reaxys","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/reaxys"}},"description":"Largest chemical database with AI technology"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Embase","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/embase"}},"description":"Comprehensive medical research database"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Scopus","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/products/scopus"}},"description":"多學科索摘和引文資料庫"},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/zh-tw/products#2-%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD","label":"所有產品","openInNewWindow":false},"description":""}]},{"title":"解決方案","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"使用者工具","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/user-tools"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"數據集","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/datasets"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"資料強化","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/data-enrichment"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"數據分析","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/data-analytics"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"專家支援","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/solutions/expert-support"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"資源","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"藥品","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/pharmaceuticals"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"化學品與材料","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/chemicals-and-materials"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"醫療設備","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/medical-devices"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"能源與自然資源","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/energy-and-natural-resources"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"測量與傳感","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/measuring-and-sensing"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"營養","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/nutrition"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"農業","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/agriculture"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"消費品","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/consumer-goods"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"半導體","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/semiconductors"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"電力","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/industry/electric-power"}},"description":""}]}]},{"id":"navigation-item-3","title":"洞察","items":[{"title":"連結","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Elsevier Connect","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/connect"}},"description":"瀏覽最新的採訪、故事和觀點"},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Open Science","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/open-science"}},"description":"我們與研究界合作，賦能開放科學"}]},{"title":"特色主題","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"永續發展","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/connect/collection/sustainability"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Elsevier 工作機會","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/connect/collection/careers"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"性別與多元化","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/connect/collection/gender-diversity"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"醫療保健與醫藥","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/connect/collection/healthcare-medicine"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"研究領導力","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/connect/collection/research-leadership"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"圖書館員","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/connect/collection/librarian"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"Reports","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"對人工智慧的態度","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/insights/attitudes-toward-ai"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://confidenceinresearch.elsevier.com","label":" Confidence in Research","openInNewWindow":false},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"研究中的性別和多樣性","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/insights/gender-and-diversity-in-research"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Institutional Leaders: View from the Top","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/academic-and-government/academic-leader-challenges-report-2024"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Clinician of the Future","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/insights/clinician-of-the-future"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Research Futures 2.0","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/connect/research-futures-2022"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Pathways to Net Zero","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/connect/net-zero-report"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"Events","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"會議","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/events/conferences"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"展覽","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/events/exhibitions"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"所有活動","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/events"}},"description":""}]}]},{"id":"navigation-item-4","title":"關於","items":[{"title":"公司","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"關於我們","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"領導力","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/leadership"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"全球據點","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/global-locations"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"政策與標準","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/policies-and-standards"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"職業生涯","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/careers"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"聚焦","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"開放取用","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/open-access"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"負責任的人工智慧","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/responsible-ai"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"研究誠信","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/research-integrity"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"全球健康","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/global-health"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Research \u0026 Innovation","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/research-and-innovation"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"負責任的數據","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/responsible-data"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"永續性","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Overview","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/sustainability"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"包容性、多元化與公平性","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/inclusion-diversity-and-equity"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"氣候行動","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/climate-action"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"Elsevier 基金會","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/the-elsevier-foundation"}},"description":""}]},{"title":"媒體","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"全球新聞辦公室","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/global-press-office"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"新聞稿","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/press-releases"}},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"聯繫方式","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/about/global-press-office/media-contacts"}},"description":""}]}]},{"id":"navigation-item-5","title":"支援","items":[{"title":"支援","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":null,"label":"客戶支援","openInNewWindow":false,"page":{"slug":"/support"}},"description":"有疑問嗎？我們可以提供幫助"},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://service.elsevier.com/app/overview/elsevier/","label":"Other support centers","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""}]},{"title":"學術與政府","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/mendeley/","label":"Mendeley","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://tw.service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/reaxys/","label":"Reaxys","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://tw.service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/sciencedirect/","label":"ScienceDirect","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/scival/","label":"SciVal","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://tw.service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/scopus/","label":"Scopus","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""}]},{"title":"健康 | 衛生","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/clinicalkey/","label":"ClinicalKey 支援服務頁面","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://www.elsevierclinicalskills.es/ContactUs","label":"Clinical Skills","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/complete-anatomy/","label":"Complete Anatomy","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""}]},{"title":"產業","items":[{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://tw.service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/embase/","label":"Embase","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""},{"navigationItem":{"href":"https://tw.service.elsevier.com/app/home/supporthub/engineering-village/","label":"Engineering Village","openInNewWindow":true},"description":""}]}]}],"regionData":{"regions":[{"market":"Americas","languages":[{"name":"English (United States)","id":"en-us"},{"name":"Portuguese (Brazil)","id":"pt-br"}]},{"market":"Europe","languages":[{"name":"French (France)","id":"fr-fr"},{"name":"Spanish (Spain)","id":"es-es"},{"name":"German (Germany)","id":"de-de"},{"name":"English (United Kingdom)","id":"en-gb"}]},{"market":"Asia Pacific","languages":[{"name":"English (India)","id":"en-in"},{"name":"Japanese (Japan)","id":"ja-jp"},{"name":"English (Australia)","id":"en-au"},{"name":"Chinese (Traditional, Taiwan)","id":"zh-tw"},{"name":"Chinese (Simplified, China)","id":"zh-cn"},{"name":"Korean (South Korea)","id":"ko-kr"},{"name":"English (Southeast Asia)","id":"en-xs"}]}]},"secondaryNavigation":{"homePage":{"title":"Elsevier 政策","href":"/about/policies-and-standards","isProduct":false},"links":null,"callToAction":null},"footer":{"links":[{"title":"常用連結","items":[{"url":"/researcher/author/submit-your-paper","label":"提交論文","external":false},{"url":"https://shop.elsevier.com/","label":"書籍與期刊","external":true},{"url":"/open-access","label":"開放取用","external":false},{"url":"/products","label":"查看所有產品","external":false},{"url":"/connect","label":"Elsevier Connect","external":false}]},{"title":"關於","items":[{"url":"/about","label":"關於 Elsevier","external":false},{"url":"/about/careers","label":"職業生涯","external":false},{"url":"/about/global-press-office","label":"全球新聞辦公室","external":false},{"url":"https://www.elsmediakits.com/?utm_source=elsevier.com\u0026utm_medium=referral\u0026dgcid=4168448395","label":"廣告、重印與補充","external":true}]},{"title":"支援","items":[{"url":"/support","label":"客戶支援","external":false},{"url":"https://service.elsevier.com/app/overview/elsevier/","label":"資源中心","external":true}]}],"primaryLogo":{"src":"/images/elsevier-logo-white.svg","width":130,"height":38,"alt":"White Elsevier logo"},"secondaryLogo":{"src":"/images/relx-logo.svg","width":120,"height":36,"alt":"RELX logo"},"navigationLinks":[{"url":"/legal/elsevier-website-terms-and-conditions","label":"Terms \u0026 Conditions","external":false},{"url":"/legal/privacy-policy","label":"隱私權政策","external":false},{"url":"/about/accessibility","label":"Accessibility","external":false}],"socialLinks":{"twitter":{"url":"https://twitter.com/ElsevierConnect","name":"Twitter"},"youtube":{"url":"https://www.youtube.com/c/elsevier","name":"YouTube"},"linkedin":{"url":"https://www.linkedin.com/company/elsevier","name":"LinkedIn"},"facebook":{"url":"https://www.facebook.com/ElsevierConnect","name":"Facebook"}},"regionSwitcher":{"regions":[{"market":"Americas","languages":[{"name":"English (United States)","id":"en-us"},{"name":"Portuguese (Brazil)","id":"pt-br"}]},{"market":"Europe","languages":[{"name":"French (France)","id":"fr-fr"},{"name":"Spanish (Spain)","id":"es-es"},{"name":"German (Germany)","id":"de-de"},{"name":"English (United Kingdom)","id":"en-gb"}]},{"market":"Asia Pacific","languages":[{"name":"English (India)","id":"en-in"},{"name":"Japanese (Japan)","id":"ja-jp"},{"name":"English (Australia)","id":"en-au"},{"name":"Chinese (Traditional, Taiwan)","id":"zh-tw"},{"name":"Chinese (Simplified, China)","id":"zh-cn"},{"name":"Korean (South Korea)","id":"ko-kr"},{"name":"English (Southeast Asia)","id":"en-xs"}]}]}},"callToActionBanner":null,"footnotes":null,"relatedLinks":null,"seo":{"title":"Elsevier | 關於 | 無障礙取閱","description":"Elsevier 始終如一和積極主動地努力使所有使用者都能完全使用我們的產品，無論其身體能力如何。","allowIndex":true,"allowFollow":true,"canonicalURL":"https://www.elsevier.com/zh-tw/about/accessibility","hrefLangAlternatives":[{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/about/accessibility","lang":"en"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/de-de/about/accessibility","lang":"de-de"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/ja-jp/about/accessibility","lang":"ja-jp"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/fr-fr/about/accessibility","lang":"fr-fr"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/en-gb/about/accessibility","lang":"en-gb"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/es-es/about/accessibility","lang":"es-es"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/zh-cn/about/accessibility","lang":"zh-cn"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/zh-tw/about/accessibility","lang":"zh-tw"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/about/accessibility","lang":"x-default"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/pt-br/about/accessibility","lang":"pt-br"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/en-in/about/accessibility","lang":"en-in"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/ko-kr/about/accessibility","lang":"ko-kr"},{"href":"https://www.elsevier.com/en-au/about/accessibility","lang":"en-au"}]},"title":"無障礙取閱","legacyPageSlug":"/about/accessibility","preview":false,"translatedLocale":"zh-TW","availableLocales":[{"id":"de-DE","isDefault":false},{"id":"ja-JP","isDefault":false},{"id":"fr-FR","isDefault":false},{"id":"en-GB","isDefault":false},{"id":"en-XS","isDefault":false},{"id":"es-ES","isDefault":false},{"id":"zh-CN","isDefault":false},{"id":"zh-TW","isDefault":false},{"id":"en-US","isDefault":true},{"id":"pt-BR","isDefault":false},{"id":"en-IN","isDefault":false},{"id":"ko-KR","isDefault":false},{"id":"en-AU","isDefault":false}],"tags":["persona__global","sector__company","topic__gender-and-diversity","TranslationDoneDEDE","TranslationDoneESES","TranslationDoneFRFR","TranslationDoneJAJP","TranslationDoneKOKR","TranslationDonePTBR","TranslationDoneZHCN","TranslationDoneZHHANTTW"],"redirectDestination":null,"contentExperiment":null},"__N_SSG":true},"page":"/[...slug]","query":{"slug":["about","accessibility"]},"buildId":"hfN6vgCv0mlqO3BPYFI-i","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"gsp":true,"locale":"zh-tw","locales":["en-us","es-es","de-de","fr-fr","ja-jp","ko-kr","pt-br","zh-cn","zh-tw","en-gb","en-au","en-in","en-xs"],"defaultLocale":"en-us","scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>