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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>The <b>VT1000</b> was a monochrome <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_terminal" title="Computer terminal">computer terminal</a> introduced by <a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a> (DEC) in April 1990. The <b>VT1200</b> replaced the VT1000 later that year, consisting of a code update and a bump in the <a href="/wiki/Random_access_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Random access memory">RAM</a> from 1 to 2 MB. All of the VT1000 series communicated with their host computers over <a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>, supporting <a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a> as well as DEC's terminal-oriented <a href="/wiki/Local_Area_Transport" title="Local Area Transport">Local Area Transport</a> (LAT) protocol. They also included standard <a href="/wiki/Serial_port" title="Serial port">serial ports</a> to allow basic <a href="/wiki/Terminal_emulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Terminal emulation">terminal emulation</a>, built into the <a href="/wiki/Read_only_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Read only memory">ROM</a>. </p><p>Apparently unhappy with these VT1000s, DEC released the <b>VT1300</b> at the same time as the 1200. This was essentially a cut-down diskless version of the <a href="/wiki/VAXstation#VAXstation_3100_Model_30_(VS42A-xx)" title="VAXstation">VAXstation 3100 Model 30</a>, allowing the X Window System code to be downloaded from the host system. An upgraded version of the VT1300 that allowed the host to download programs to the terminal to run them locally was the <b>VTX2000</b>, a concept DEC called an "X workstation". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VT1000&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concept">Concept</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VT1000&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Concept"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The VT1000 family developed out of a 1987 study carried out by DEC's VIPS group. They studied the use of existing graphics-capable workstations, and found that the vast majority of their users were simply using the workstation to maintain several terminal sessions to a host computer. This was wasting the majority of the power of the workstation, which cost tens of thousands of dollars. This led to a 1987 project to design a system more suitable to the tasks the users were actually doing, bringing standardized graphics to the users that might actually be used, and lowering the hardware complexity so a basic terminal user might consider buying one.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199128_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199128-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development">Development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VT1000&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The team rejected using one of their single-chip <a href="/wiki/VAX" title="VAX">VAX</a> processors due to high cost of implementation. The <a href="/wiki/Motorola_68000" title="Motorola 68000">Motorola 68000</a> was both inexpensive and powerful, but they did not have support for cross-compilers and other development support systems on <a href="/wiki/OpenVMS" title="OpenVMS">VMS</a>, so those would have to be written. Considering this, the team ultimately chose the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a> <a href="/wiki/TMS34010" title="TMS34010">TMS34010</a>, a design that combined a <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/Central_processing_unit" title="Central processing unit">CPU</a> with additional instructions for handling common 2D graphics tasks and bit handling. The TMS34010 blended the roles of CPU and <a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a>, lowering the cost of implementing a complete graphical terminal.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199130_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199130-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Having experimented with an X Server on the <a href="/wiki/VAXstation_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="VAXstation 2000">VAXstation 2000</a>, the team concluded that serial links would not be fast enough to support X Windows, and made the decision to equip the design with Ethernet as its primary communications system. Studying the system throughput as a whole, they estimated that the resulting system would not be terribly fast, but would be faster than an X Server running on the VAXstation 2000, which was considered barely usable. Some consideration was given to equipping it with both the TMS34010 to handle graphics and a 68000 for other tasks, but the team was unable to find a way to balance the loads so that one or the other processor didn't end up underutilized. A potential upgrade to the upcoming TMS34020 seemed more promising.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199130_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199130-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The team decided early on to use a custom <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> developed for another project, and debated whether to include that in <a href="/wiki/Read_only_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Read only memory">ROM</a> or have the code be downloaded from the host through a boot mechanism. Using ROM would eliminate the long network boot process, but also mean that minor fixes and upgrades would be difficult. For performance reasons, they chose to include the OS on ROM, using a small plug-in card that could be swapped out.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199131_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other parts of the system, like the <a href="/wiki/Font" title="Font">fonts</a>, are downloaded from the host to save room in the ROM. This uses a custom networking mechanism and required a host machine running a server.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199132_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199132-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This decision had a number of spin-off effects. It was desirable to have the system be able to do local setup and terminal emulation even when not connected to a host computer, which led to the requirement for a basic <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> similar to <a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a> that allowed it to be set up and handle connections to hosts using X windows. In X windows, this requires the machine to have both the X Server, the software that draws the display, as well as the X Client, an application calling the Xlib code to send drawing commands to the server.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DEC had such a system as part of their <a href="/wiki/DECwindows" class="mw-redirect" title="DECwindows">DECwindows</a> system, but this was tightly tied to VMS, requiring a port of MIT's Xlib to the TMS34020 platform. A <a href="/wiki/Terminal_emulator" title="Terminal emulator">terminal emulator</a> providing support for <a href="/wiki/VT52" title="VT52">VT52</a>, <a href="/wiki/VT100" title="VT100">VT100</a>, <a href="/wiki/VT220" title="VT220">VT220</a> and <a href="/wiki/VT320" title="VT320">VT320</a> terminals was included in the ROM, using the local window manager for display.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199131_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199131-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="VT1300">VT1300</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VT1000&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: VT1300"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the original design was being worked on, the team had to constantly tune the software for maximum performance. This led to continual ROM updates, causing considerable problems. This led to increasing interest in a RAM-based machine that booted from the network, reversing their earlier decision. In 1989 development along these lines started using the <a href="/wiki/VAXstation" title="VAXstation">VAXstation 3100</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Hard_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard drive">hard drive</a> and other components removed, running the <a href="/wiki/VAXELN" title="VAXELN">VAXELN</a> operating system and EWS (<a href="/wiki/X11" class="mw-redirect" title="X11">X11</a> for VAXELN).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the system could only be used with a host computer, there was no local user interface. Implementing this version of the system required considerably more hardware and expense, so the decision was made to make this a color-only model, in comparison to the earlier models which were monochrome.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199133_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199133-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VT1000&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The VT1000 and VT1200 was packaged in a <a href="/wiki/Pizza_box_form_factor" class="mw-redirect" title="Pizza box form factor">pizza box case</a> with the monitor normally sitting on top and an LK400 series keyboard connected to it using a coiled cord and 4-pin <a href="/wiki/Modular_connector" title="Modular connector">modular connector</a>. The three-button mouse was roughly puck-shaped, not unlike the original <a href="/wiki/IMac" title="IMac">iMac</a> mouse, and used a custom 7-pin round connector. The back panel included a coax connector for the monitor, mouse and keyboard ports, a <a href="/wiki/Modified_Modular_Jack" title="Modified Modular Jack">Modified Modular Jack</a> (MMJ) serial port for a printer, another MMJ serial port for host connections, and a <a href="/wiki/10BASE2" title="10BASE2">thinwire Ethernet</a> connector. It also included AC in and out connectors, the latter used to connect the monitor, allowing it to be turned on and off with the terminal using a single switch located on the side of the case beside the power connectors. The system supported a number of monochrome monitors, selected using a rotary switch beside the monitor port.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDEC19912–3_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDEC19912–3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to X Window support, the VT1000 and VT1200 could also emulate DEC's previous text terminals in individual windows, including support for the <a href="/wiki/VT52" title="VT52">VT52</a>, <a href="/wiki/VT100" title="VT100">VT100</a>, <a href="/wiki/VT220" title="VT220">VT220</a> and <a href="/wiki/VT320" title="VT320">VT320</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDEC19917_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDEC19917-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The basic model shipped with a 15-inch <a href="/wiki/Cathode_ray_tube" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathode ray tube">CRT</a> monitor and cost $2,895, but could be upgraded to a 19-inch display for an additional $700, or a 19-inch flat-screen <a href="/wiki/Electroluminescent_display" title="Electroluminescent display">electroluminescent display</a> for an additional $11,100. All of the displays were 1024x864 resolution. They shipped with 1 MB of <a href="/wiki/Random_access_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Random access memory">RAM</a>, but could be upgraded to 4 MB for $600 per megabyte.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The VT1000 was replaced by the VT1200 in the fall of 1991. This was essentially the same machine with a code upgrade.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199126_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199126-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The VT1300 was packaged into a much larger case, about the size of a contemporary full-sized <a href="/wiki/IBM_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM PC">IBM PC</a> although somewhat shorter vertically. It was released at $7,495 with 9 MB of RAM and a 19-inch color monitor.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VT1000&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The terms client and server under X terminology are reversed from normal usage: the server normally runs on the end-user machine, which is normally referred to as the client in other cases.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VT1000&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VT1000&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199128-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199128_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEngbergPorcher1991">Engberg & Porcher 1991</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199130-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199130_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199130_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEngbergPorcher1991">Engberg & Porcher 1991</a>, p. 30.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199131-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199131_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199131_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEngbergPorcher1991">Engberg & Porcher 1991</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199132-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199132_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEngbergPorcher1991">Engberg & Porcher 1991</a>, p. 32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vtda.org/docs/computing/DEC/Terminals/EC-F0964_VT1300TerminalBrochure_1990.pdf">"VT1300 Terminal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Digital. 1990<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=VT1300+Terminal&rft.pub=Digital&rft.date=1990&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvtda.org%2Fdocs%2Fcomputing%2FDEC%2FTerminals%2FEC-F0964_VT1300TerminalBrochure_1990.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVT1000" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199133-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199133_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEngbergPorcher1991">Engberg & Porcher 1991</a>, p. 33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDEC19912–3-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDEC19912–3_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDEC1991">DEC 1991</a>, pp. 2–3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDEC19917-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDEC19917_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDEC1991">DEC 1991</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarshall1990" class="citation journal cs1">Marshall, Martin (9 April 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HZk_AQAAIAAJ">"DEC Introduces Line of X Window Displays"</a>. <i>InfoWorld</i>: 46.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=InfoWorld&rft.atitle=DEC+Introduces+Line+of+X+Window+Displays&rft.pages=46&rft.date=1990-04-09&rft.aulast=Marshall&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHZk_AQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVT1000" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199126-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngbergPorcher199126_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEngbergPorcher1991">Engberg & Porcher 1991</a>, p. 26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-B6b-p_VIoIC&pg=PA19">"VT1300 Works (Almost) Like a Workstation"</a>. <i>Computerworld</i>: 19. 17 December 1990.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computerworld&rft.atitle=VT1300+Works+%28Almost%29+Like+a+Workstation&rft.pages=19&rft.date=1990-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-B6b-p_VIoIC%26pg%3DPA19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVT1000" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=VT1000&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEngbergPorcher1991" class="citation journal cs1">Engberg, Björn; Porcher, Thomas (Fall 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/www.bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/dtj/dtj_v03-04_1991.pdf">"X Window Terminals"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Digital Technical Journal</i>: 26–35.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Digital+Technical+Journal&rft.atitle=X+Window+Terminals&rft.ssn=fall&rft.pages=26-35&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Engberg&rft.aufirst=Bj%C3%B6rn&rft.au=Porcher%2C+Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirrorservice.org%2Fsites%2Fwww.bitsavers.org%2Fpdf%2Fdec%2Fdtj%2Fdtj_v03-04_1991.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVT1000" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDEC1991" class="citation techreport cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://decdoc.itsx.net/dec94mds/v1000sv2.pdf"><i>VT1000 / VT1200 and DECimage 1200 Service Guide</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Technical report). Digital Equipment Corporation. April 1991. EK–V1000–SV.002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=VT1000+%2F+VT1200+and+DECimage+1200+Service+Guide&rft.pub=Digital+Equipment+Corporation&rft.date=1991-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdecdoc.itsx.net%2Fdec94mds%2Fv1000sv2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVT1000" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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title="Robert Palmer (computer businessman)">Robert Palmer</a> (CEO, 1992–1998)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg/110px-Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg/165px-Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg/220px-Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3124" data-file-height="938" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Instruction_set_architecture" title="Instruction set architecture">Instruction set<br />architectures</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Processor_(computing)" title="Processor (computing)">processors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/PDP-11_architecture" title="PDP-11 architecture">PDP-11</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>LSI-11</li> <li>F-11</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_T-11" title="DEC T-11">T-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_J-11" title="DEC J-11">J-11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/VAX" title="VAX">VAX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEC_V-11" title="DEC V-11">V-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroVAX_78032" title="MicroVAX 78032">MicroVAX 78032</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CVAX" title="CVAX">CVAX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CVAX#SOC" title="CVAX">SOC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigel_(microprocessor)" title="Rigel (microprocessor)">Rigel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rigel_(microprocessor)#Mariah" title="Rigel (microprocessor)">Mariah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NVAX" title="NVAX">NVAX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DEC_Alpha" title="DEC Alpha">Alpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21064" title="Alpha 21064">Alpha 21064</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21064#Alpha_21066" title="Alpha 21064">21066</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21064#Alpha_21068" title="Alpha 21064">21068</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21164" title="Alpha 21164">Alpha 21164</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alpha_21164#Alpha_21164PC_(PCA56)" title="Alpha 21164">21164PC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21264" title="Alpha 21264">Alpha 21264</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21364" title="Alpha 21364">Alpha 21364</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21464" title="Alpha 21464">Alpha 21464</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEC_PRISM" title="DEC PRISM">MicroPRISM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StrongARM" title="StrongARM">StrongARM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_terminal" title="Computer terminal">Computer<br />terminals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VT05" title="VT05">VT05</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_GT40" title="DEC GT40">GT40</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT52" title="VT52">VT50/VT52</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT55" class="mw-redirect" title="VT55">VT55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT62" class="mw-redirect" title="VT62">VT62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT100" title="VT100">VT100</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT101" class="mw-redirect" title="VT101">VT101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT102" class="mw-redirect" title="VT102">VT102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT103" class="mw-redirect" title="VT103">VT103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT105" class="mw-redirect" title="VT105">VT105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT131" class="mw-redirect" title="VT131">VT131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT180" title="VT180">VT180</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT220" title="VT220">VT220</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT240" class="mw-redirect" title="VT240">VT240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT241" class="mw-redirect" title="VT241">VT241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT320" title="VT320">VT320</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT330" class="mw-redirect" title="VT330">VT330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT340" class="mw-redirect" title="VT340">VT340</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT420" title="VT420">VT420</a> (1990)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">VT1000</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT510" class="mw-redirect" title="VT510">VT510</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT520" title="VT520">VT520</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT525" class="mw-redirect" title="VT525">VT525</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating<br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PDP-7#Software" title="PDP-7">DECsys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4K_Disk_Monitor_System" class="mw-redirect" title="4K Disk Monitor System">4K DMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Operating_System" title="Commercial Operating System">COS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOPS-10" title="TOPS-10">TOPS-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSX-15" class="mw-redirect" title="RSX-15">RSX-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSS/8" title="TSS/8">TSS/8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/8" title="OS/8">OS/8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_BATCH-11/DOS-11" title="DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11">DOS-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-11" title="RT-11">RT-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSTS/E" title="RSTS/E">RSTS/E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSX-11" title="RSX-11">RSX-11</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interactive_Application_System" title="Interactive Application System">IAS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MUMPS#1970s" title="MUMPS">DSM-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOPS-20" title="TOPS-20">TOPS-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenVMS" title="OpenVMS">VAX/VMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAXELN" title="VAXELN">VAXELN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultrix" title="Ultrix">Ultrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_MICA" title="DEC MICA">MICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_UNIX" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital UNIX">Digital UNIX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">Programming<br />languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BASIC-8" title="BASIC-8">BASIC-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIBOL" title="DIBOL">DIBOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FOCAL_(programming_language)" title="FOCAL (programming language)">FOCAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MACRO-10" title="MACRO-10">MACRO-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MACRO-11" title="MACRO-11">MACRO-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MUMPS" title="MUMPS">MUMPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAX_MACRO" title="VAX MACRO">VAX MACRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIGITAL_Command_Language" title="DIGITAL Command Language">DIGITAL Command Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Character_encoding" title="Character encoding">Character sets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multinational_Character_Set" title="Multinational Character Set">Code page 1100</a> (Multinational)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_page_1287" title="Code page 1287">Code page 1287</a> (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_page_1288" title="Code page 1288">Code page 1288</a> (Turkish)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Hebrew" title="DEC Hebrew">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Replacement_Character_Set" title="National Replacement Character Set">National Replacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_RADIX_50" title="DEC RADIX 50">RADIX 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Special_Graphics" title="DEC Special Graphics">Special Graphics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Technical_Character_Set" title="DEC Technical Character Set">Technical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bus_(computing)" title="Bus (computing)">Bus standards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Storage_Systems_Interconnect" title="Digital Storage Systems Interconnect">Digital Storage Systems Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massbus" title="Massbus">Massbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-Bus" title="Q-Bus">Q-Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Disk_Interconnect" title="Standard Disk Interconnect">Standard Disk Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronous_Backplane_Interconnect" title="Synchronous Backplane Interconnect">Synchronous Backplane Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TURBOchannel" title="TURBOchannel">TURBOchannel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unibus" title="Unibus">Unibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAXBI_bus" title="VAXBI bus">VAXBI bus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DECtalk" title="DECtalk">DECtalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECtape" title="DECtape">DECtape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECwriter" title="DECwriter">DECwriter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Linear_Tape" title="Digital Linear Tape">Digital Linear Tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamically_Redefined_Character_Set" title="Dynamically Redefined Character Set">Dynamically Redefined Character Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_(cache_coherence_protocol)" title="Firefly (cache coherence protocol)">Firefly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flip-Chip_module" title="Flip-Chip module">Flip-Chip module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_key_(DEC)" title="Gold key (DEC)">Gold key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LK201" title="LK201">LK201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LK421" title="LK421">LK421</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_Storage_Control_Protocol" title="Mass Storage Control Protocol">Mass Storage Control Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PALcode" title="PALcode">PALcode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RA90" title="RA90">RA90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RK05" title="RK05">RK05</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RL02" title="RL02">RL02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_coupler" title="Star coupler">Star coupler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Module" title="System Module">System Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TU81" title="TU81">TU81</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AdvFS" title="AdvFS">AdvFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AltaVista" title="AltaVista">AltaVista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CPU_Wars" title="CPU Wars">CPU Wars</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECnet" title="DECnet">DECnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECUS" title="DECUS">DECUS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP-Interex" title="HP-Interex">HP-Interex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Federal_Credit_Union" title="Digital Federal Credit Union">Digital Federal Credit Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_debugging_technique" title="Dynamic debugging technique">Dynamic debugging technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FX!32" title="FX!32">FX!32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Area_Transport" title="Local Area Transport">Local Area Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maintenance_Operations_Protocol" title="Maintenance Operations Protocol">Maintenance Operations Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-line_Debugging_Tool" title="On-line Debugging Tool">On-line Debugging Tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PALcode" title="PALcode">PALcode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_Management_Services" title="Record Management Services">Record Management Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReGIS" title="ReGIS">ReGIS</a></li> <li>Sequence and Batch Language</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixel" title="Sixel">Sixel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Reference_Manual" class="mw-redirect" title="System Reference Manual">System Reference Manual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Systems_Research_Center" title="DEC Systems Research Center">Systems Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD/SMP" title="TD/SMP">TD/SMP</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ultimate_Entrepreneur" title="The Ultimate Entrepreneur">The Ultimate Entrepreneur</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT640" title="VT640">VT640</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPS-8" title="WPS-8">WPS-8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:DEC_hardware" title="Template:DEC 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