Cyber Week in Review: December 15, 2023 | Council on Foreign Relations

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clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Global Climate Agreements: Successes and Failures</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2020/10/climate.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Introduction Over the last several decades, governments have collectively pledged to slow global warming. But despite intensified diplomacy, the world is already facing the consequences of climate…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Backgrounder</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Lindsay Maizland</span> <span class="card-article__date"> December 5, 2023</span> <a href="/programs/renewing-america" class="card-article__series"> Renewing America </a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/defense-and-security" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Defense & Security</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/diplomacy-and-international-institutions" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Diplomacy & International Institutions</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/economics" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Economics</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/energy-and-environment" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Energy & Environment</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/health" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Health</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/human-rights" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Human Rights</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/politics-and-government" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Politics & Government</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/social-issues" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Social Issues</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/regions" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Regions</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article article card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/asia/myanmar" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Myanmar </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/backgrounder/myanmar-history-coup-military-rule-ethnic-conflict-rohingya " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Myanmar’s Troubled History</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2021/02/myanmarbgr.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Introduction Throughout its decades of independence, Myanmar has struggled with military rule, civil war, poor governance, and widespread poverty. A military coup in February 2021 dashed hopes for…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Backgrounder</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Lindsay Maizland</span> <span class="card-article__date"> January 31, 2022</span> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/americas" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Americas</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/asia" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Asia</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/europe-and-eurasia" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Europe & Eurasia</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/global-commons" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Global Commons</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/middle-east-and-north-africa" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Middle East & North Africa</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/oceania" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Oceania</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/sub-saharan-africa" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Sub-Saharan Africa</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/explainers" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Explainers</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article article card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/health" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Health </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/article/how-new-tobacco-control-laws-could-help-close-racial-gap-us-cancer " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">How Tobacco Laws Could Help Close the Racial Gap on Cancer</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_m_380x253/public/image/2023/01/GettyImages-1409152899_Resized_0.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">During the 2020 presidential campaign, Joe Biden promised that his administration would make a “historic effort” to reduce long-running racial inequities in health. Tobacco use—the leading cause of p…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Interactive</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by Olivia Angelino, <a href="/expert/thomas-j-bollyky" class="card-article__authors-link">Thomas J. Bollyky</a>, Elle Ruggiero and Isabella Turilli</span> <span class="card-article__date"> February 1, 2023</span> <a href="/programs/global-health-program" class="card-article__series"> Global Health Program </a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul class="main-header__secondary-nav-list"> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/backgrounders" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Backgrounders</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/inbriefs" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">In Briefs</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/podcasts" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item"> <a href="/videos" class="main-header__secondary-nav-list-item-link macro-utils__link-to">Videos</a> </li> 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class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article card-article-book-report card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/politics-and-government/democracy" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Democracy </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/report/foreign-influence-and-democratic-governance " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Foreign Influence and Democratic Governance</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <picture> <source media="all and (min-width: 1280px)" type="image/webp" width="380" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2024/10/AP24163746645704_brighter%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 1279px) and (min-width: 1024px)" type="image/webp" width="380" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2024/10/AP24163746645704_brighter%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 1023px) and (min-width: 750px)" type="image/webp" width="380" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2024/10/AP24163746645704_brighter%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <source media="all and (max-width: 749px)" type="image/webp" width="380" height="253" data-srcset="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2024/10/AP24163746645704_brighter%20%281%29.jpg.webp 1x"/> <img width="380" height="253" alt="" loading="lazy" class="lazyload" data-src="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/featured_content_image/public/image/2024/10/AP24163746645704_brighter%20%281%29.jpg.webp" /> </picture> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="card-description card-article__dek clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Introduction Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election heightened concern over efforts by authoritarian governments to both redirect foreign policy and undermine confidence in de…</div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Council Special Report</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> by <a href="/expert/miles-kahler" class="card-article__authors-link">Miles Kahler</a></span> <span class="card-article__date"> October 23, 2024</span> <a href="/programs/diamonstein-spielvogel-project-future-democracy" class="card-article__series"> Diamonstein-Spielvogel Project on the Future of Democracy </a> </p> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-list"> <ul 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macro-utils__link-to">Fellowships</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="main-header__nav-list-item main-header__nav-list-item--with-dropdown"> <a href="/outreach" class="main-header__nav-list-item-link">Communities</a> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown"> <button class="main-header__nav-dropdown-toggle"></button> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-container"> <div class="main-header__nav-dropdown-menu-featured"> <div class="main-header__featured"> <div class="main-header__featured-title">Featured</div> <div class="main-header__featured-content"> <section class="card-article event card-article--with-thumbnail"> <div class="card-article__container"> <p class="card-article__topic-tag"> <a href="/oil-and-petroleum-products" class="card-article__topic-tag-link"> Oil and Petroleum Products </a> </p> <div class="card-article__link-outer-wrapper"> <a href="/event/academic-webinar-geopolitics-oil " class="card-article__link"> <div class="card-article__info"> <p class="card-article__title clamp-js" data-clamp-lines="4">Academic Webinar: The Geopolitics of Oil</p> <div class="card-article__image"> <span class="card-article__icon"> <svg viewBox="0 0 15 15" class="icon icon-play" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <title>Play</title> <path d="M0 15V0l15 7.5z" class="icon-fill" fill="none"/> </svg> </span> <div class="card-article__image-cover bg-image-switch" data-bg-image=//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/card_landscape_xl/public/image/2023/04/cms%20Saudi%20Arabia%20oil%20refinery%20by%20Ahmed%20Jadallah%20Reuters.jpg.webp></div> </div> <div class="card-article__caption"> <div class="card-article__caption_wrapper"> <span class="card-article__caption_credit"></span> </div> </div> </div> </a> </div> <p class="card-article__metadata"> <span class="card-article__publication-type">Webinar</span> <span class="card-article__authors"> with Carolyn Kissane and <a 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href="/blog/net-politics" class="series-tag__link"> Net Politics</a> and <a href="/programs/digital-and-cyberspace-policy-program" class="series-tag__link"> Digital and Cyberspace Policy Program</a> </section> </div> <h1 class="article-header-blog__title">Cyber Week in Review: December 15, 2023</h1> <div class="article-header-blog__description">EU negotiators announce agreement on AI Act; SEC cyber incident disclosure rules take effect; Ukraine's largest phone network hit by cyberattack; Coker confirmed as NCD; Human trafficking for cyber scams is expanding. </div> <div class="article-header-blog__media"> <figure class="article-header-blog__figure"> <img src="//cdn.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/slide_3_2/public/image/2023/12/RTS2TJ37.webp" alt="French President Emmanuel Macron delivers a speech during the Global Forum on Artificial Intelligence for Humanity (GFAIH) at the Institut de France in Paris, France on October 30, 2019." class="article-header-blog__image" /> <figcaption class="article-header-blog__caption"> French President Emmanuel Macron delivers a speech during the Global Forum on Artificial Intelligence for Humanity (GFAIH) at the Institut de France in Paris, France on October 30, 2019. <span class="article-header-blog__credit">Ludovic Marin/Reuters</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="article-header-blog__metadata"> <div class="article-header-blog__authors"> <span class="article-header-blog__tooltip-control" data-tooltip="Blog posts represent the views of CFR fellows and staff and not those of CFR, which takes no institutional positions. ">Blog Post</span> by <a href="/expert/kat-duffy" class="article-header-blog__author-link">Kat Duffy</a>, <a href="/bio/kyle-fendorf" class="article-header-blog__author-link">Kyle Fendorf</a> and <span class="article-header-blog__author">Eva Schwartz</span> </div> <div class="article-header-blog__date">December 15, 2023 10:56 am (EST)</div> <div class="article-header-blog__social"> <div class="share-kit share-kit--icon-color-brown share-kit--bg-color-beige share-kit--theme-none" data-share-anchor="" data-share-query="" data-share-name="Cyber Week in Review: December 15, 2023" data-share-description="EU negotiators announce agreement on AI Act; SEC cyber incident disclosure rules take effect; Ukraine's largest phone network hit by cyberattack; Coker confirmed as NCD; Human trafficking for cyber scams is expanding. 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The Act also clarifies thresholds for “foundation models,” general purpose models which can be used for various applications, like OpenAI’s GPT-4. The new regulations would separate general purpose models into two categories, high and low impact, with makers of high impact models required to conduct model evaluations, assess and mitigate systemic risks, conduct adversarial testing, report to the European Commission on serious incidents, ensure cybersecurity around model data, and report on models’ energy efficiency. Experts have <a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/12/11/1084849/why-the-eu-ai-act-was-so-hard-to-agree-on/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="said">said</a> that under the current framework only OpenAI’s GPT-4 model would meet these standards, with Google’s newly released Gemini model likely also included in the high impact standard. Despite the agreement, the AI Act still faces headwinds before it can be passed into law. French President Emmanuel Macron attacked the act after the deal was reached, <a href="https://www.ft.com/content/9339d104-7b0c-42b8-9316-72226dd4e4c0" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="saying">saying</a> that the EU “will regulate things that we no longer produce or invent” if the act is passed in its current form. Enforcement of the AI Act will not begin until 2026, two years after the act is passed.  </p> <p><b>SEC cyber incident disclosure rules take effect today </b></p> <p>Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) <a href="https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2023-139" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="rules">rules</a> requiring companies to disclose “material cybersecurity incidents” go into effect today, with smaller businesses given 180 extra days to comply. Under the new policy, companies will have to report a cybersecurity incident’s nature, scope, and timing within four days of detecting the incident and determining that it will have a “material impact.” Under the rule, a cybersecurity incident is <a href="https://www.fbi.gov/investigate/cyber/fbi-guidance-to-victims-of-cyber-incidents-on-sec-reporting-requirements-fbi-policy-notice-summary" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="defined">defined</a> as material by the FBI if “there is substantial likelihood that a reasonable shareholder would consider it important when making an investment decision.” The rules also allow the Justice Department to delay or exempt some disclosures in cases posing a risk to national security or public safety; the Justice Department issued <a href="https://www.justice.gov/opa/blog/justice-department-issues-guidelines-response-national-security-exemption-sec-rule" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="guidelines">guidelines</a> for how it will make decisions on exemptions and delays on Tuesday. Republicans have attacked the SEC rules, with Representative Andrew Garbarino (R-NY) and Senator Thom Tillis (R-NC) releasing a <a href="https://garbarino.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites/garbarino.house.gov/files/evo-media-document/resolution-text-sec-cyber-rule-cra.pdf" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="joint resolution">joint resolution</a> [PDF], which did not pass, to eliminate the regulations earlier this year. </p> <p><b>Ukraine’s largest mobile phone network hit by major cyberattack </b></p><section class="more-on desktop-only "> <p class="more-on__title">More on:</p> <p class="more-on__content"> <a href="/economics/technology-and-innovation" class="more-on__link">Technology and Innovation</a> </p> <p class="more-on__content"> <a href="/defense-and-security/cybersecurity" class="more-on__link">Cybersecurity</a> </p> <p class="more-on__content"> <a href="/europe-and-eurasia/ukraine" class="more-on__link">Ukraine</a> </p> <p class="more-on__content"> <a href="/human-rights/human-trafficking" class="more-on__link">Human Trafficking</a> </p> </section> <p>Kyivstar, a mobile phone network that serves over twenty four million people in Ukraine, was hit by a cyberattack that knocked its entire network offline earlier this week. Kyvistar CEO Oleksandr Komarov <a href="https://www.kyivpost.com/post/25421" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="said">said</a> that the attack was “well-planned and professional” and that Kyivstar’s infrastructure took an “enormous hit.” Two different Russian groups, <a href="https://archive.ph/2oJCf" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="Killnet">Killnet</a> and <a href="https://www.wired.com/story/ukraine-kyivstar-solntsepek-sandworm-gru/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="Solntsepek">Solntsepek</a>, claimed responsibility for the attack. Solntsepek has previously been tied to the GRU’s <a href="https://www.cfr.org/cyber-operations/sandworm" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="Sandworm">Sandworm</a> group, which is responsible for some of the most prominent cyberattacks against Ukraine, including the 2017 <a href="https://www.cfr.org/cyber-operations/notpetya" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="NotPetya">NotPetya</a> attack which caused more than $10 billion worth of damage worldwide. Experts <a href="https://buttondown.email/grugq/archive/initial-thoughts-on-the-kyivstar-hack/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="said">said</a> that taking the network offline would have knock-on effects for Ukraine, rendering some air raid siren systems inoperable and disrupting communications within the Ukrainian military itself, which has come to rely on smartphones for <a href="https://oe.tradoc.army.mil/2023/08/10/smart-phones-playing-prominent-role-in-russia-ukraine-war/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="communication and intelligence gathering">communication and intelligence gathering</a>. </p> <p><b>Harry Coker confirmed as White House cyber director </b></p> <section class="desktop-only newsletter-form-article default-embed"> <div id="subscription-breaker" class="newsletter-tout "> <div class="newsletter-tout__content-wrapper"> <div class="newsletter-tout__form newsletter-tout__initial" id="e1b9736f-7ec6-4b3c-8ee1-013e7574cd2e"> <h3 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You are also agreeing to our <a href="https://www.cfr.org/privacy-policy" title="Privacy Policy" target="_blank">Privacy Policy</a> and <a href="https://www.cfr.org/terms-use" title="Terms of Use" target="_blank">Terms of Use</a>.</div><div class="newsletter-tout__form-container email-signup-form__container js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-container" id="edit-container"><input class="embedded__newsletter-submitbtn button-container__btn button js-form-submit form-submit" id="post-signup-submit" data-drupal-selector="post-signup-submit" type="submit" name="op" value="Subscribe"> <div class="newsletter-tout__viewall"> <a href="https://link.cfr.org/join/66n/signup&hash=2d4c5929e9e04cc42f5cd375fb8dcfb1" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="View all newsletters >">View all newsletters <span>></span></a> </div></div> </div><input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="form-1qx9r-wod7puxlaflvostqbbzlcn9otv4qrfizrixza" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-1qX9R_WOd7pUxLAFLvOStQbbZLCN9OTV4QRfIzRIXZA"> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-embedded-form-2" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="embedded-form-2"> </form> </div> </div> </section> <p>Harry Coker was <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/oncd/briefing-room/2023/12/12/oncd-welcomes-mr-harry-coker-jr-as-next-national-cyber-director/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="confirmed">confirmed</a> as the head of the Office of the National Cyber Director (ONCD) earlier this week in a 59-40 vote in the Senate. Coker will be tasked with following through on ONCD’s <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/National-Cybersecurity-Strategy-2023.pdf" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="National Cybersecurity Strategy">National Cybersecurity Strategy</a> [PDF] and the <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/National-Cybersecurity-Strategy-Implementation-Plan-WH.gov_.pdf" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="implementation plan">implementation plan</a> [PDF] for the strategy. Coker previously served as executive director of the NSA, and has spent much of his career at both the CIA and NSA. His nomination was endorsed by several senior intelligence officials, including Director of National Intelligence Avril Haines, who issued a <a href="https://www.dni.gov/index.php/newsroom/press-releases/press-releases-2023/3742-dni-haines-statement-on-the-confirmation-of-harry-coker-jr-as-national-cyber-director" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="statement">statement</a> congratulating Coker after his confirmation. Coker was originally <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2023/07/26/white-houses-pick-national-cyber-director-is-met-with-praise-questions/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="nominated">nominated</a> for the position in July, as the Biden administration <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2023/07/15/kemba-walden-nomination-cyber-director/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="passed over">passed over</a> then-acting director, Kemba Walden. </p> <p><b>Interpol says trafficking for cyber scams is expanding globally </b></p> <p>Interpol <a href="https://www.interpol.int/News-and-Events/News/2023/INTERPOL-operation-reveals-further-insights-into-globalization-of-cyber-scam-centres" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="announced">announced</a> it had completed its first ever operation designed explicitly to counter human trafficking-fueled online fraud between October 16 and 20, conducting over 270,000 inspections at 450 human and migrant trafficking hotspots over those four days. In recent years, human trafficking victims have been <a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/08/30/1078663/pig-butchering-scam-human-trafficking/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="lured to foreign countries">lured to foreign countries</a> with offers of high-paying jobs, and are then held against their will by traffickers and <a href="https://time.com/6344077/pig-butchering-scam-trafficking-victims-trauma/" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="forced to run online scams">forced to run online scams</a>. These scams, and the trafficked workers they rely on, have been a recurring issue in southeast Asia, as Chinese crime bosses have <a href="https://www.wsj.com/world/asia/china-unleashes-crackdown-on-pig-butchering-it-isnt-what-you-think-d623ada3" rel="noreferrer noopener" target="_blank" title="expanded into parts of Cambodia and Myanmar">expanded into parts of Cambodia and Myanmar</a> and used a combination of corruption and violence to create the space to operate their scams outside the reach of law enforcement. However, Interpol said that during its most recent operation it observed the spread of human trafficking for the purpose of staffing online scam centers beyond southeast Asia, including to Peru, where it said over forty Malaysian human-trafficking victims had been freed after being forced to commit online fraud.  </p> <p> </p> <p><em>Eva Schwartz is the intern for the CFR Independent Task Force Program. </em></p><section class="more-on mobile-only "> <p class="more-on__title">More on:</p> <p class="more-on__content"> <a href="/economics/technology-and-innovation" class="more-on__link">Technology and Innovation</a> </p> <p class="more-on__content"> <a href="/defense-and-security/cybersecurity" class="more-on__link">Cybersecurity</a> </p> <p class="more-on__content"> <a href="/europe-and-eurasia/ukraine" class="more-on__link">Ukraine</a> </p> <p class="more-on__content"> <a href="/human-rights/human-trafficking" class="more-on__link">Human Trafficking</a> </p> </section> </body></div> 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Cyber Week in Review: December 15, 2023 | Council on Foreign Relations