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Think Global Health
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<div class="o-section o-section--super" data-behavior="analytics"> <div class="m-card m-card--large m-card--featured"> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/poverty" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Poverty</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/drc-crisis-human-cost-us-aid-cuts-amid-m23-rebellion" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--32"> <img data-src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600_3_2/public/2025-03/Goma-recirc-01_0.png?itok=p6GpUWm0" alt="A bar chart titled 'Disaster in Democratic Republic of Congo' displaying fatalities related to conflict from April 2024 to January 2025. The chart differentiates between M23-involved fatalities and other conflict-related fatalities. A significant spike in fatalities is marked in late January 2025, corresponding to the seizure of Goma by M23 rebels on January 26, 2025. The source is 'Think Global Health." /> <!-- TODO: Need to get the image alt text --> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/drc-crisis-human-cost-us-aid-cuts-amid-m23-rebellion" data-analytics-related-click> <h2>DRC in Crisis: The Human Cost of U.S. Aid Cuts Amid the M23 Rebellion</h2> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/allison-krugman">Allison Krugman</a> </span> - March 20, 2025 </div> <p>Aid workers and health experts recount the growing humanitarian crisis amid conflict in Democratic Republic of Congo</p> </div> </div> <div class="o-section--super-center"> <div class="m-card m-card--medium "> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/environment" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Environment</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/where-household-air-pollution-causes-most-harm" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--32"> <picture> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2025-03/HAP-recirc-01.png?h=880de06d&itok=zGyW-ey5" media="(max-width: 999px" )> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_3_2/public/2025-03/HAP-recirc-01.png?h=d48f7917&itok=Zv8Cl7XO" media="(min-width: 1000px)"> <img src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_3_2/public/2025-03/HAP-recirc-01.png?h=d48f7917&itok=Zv8Cl7XO" alt="Household air pollution persists in Africa and Asia"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/where-household-air-pollution-causes-most-harm" data-analytics-related-click> <h3>Where Household Air Pollution Causes the Most Harm </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/fiona-bennitt">Fiona Bennitt</a>, <a href="/author/michael-brauer">Michael Brauer</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="m-card m-card--medium "> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/governance" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/life-after-usaid-africas-development-education-and-health-care" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--32"> <picture> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2025-03/2025-03-11T072014Z_155359103_RC2ZSCAKO8I1_RTRMADP_3_USA-TRUMP-KENYA_0.JPG?h=a1d83011&itok=PK7SB35C" media="(max-width: 999px" )> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_3_2/public/2025-03/2025-03-11T072014Z_155359103_RC2ZSCAKO8I1_RTRMADP_3_USA-TRUMP-KENYA_0.JPG?h=cd357387&itok=II-Fe7QJ" media="(min-width: 1000px)"> <img src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_3_2/public/2025-03/2025-03-11T072014Z_155359103_RC2ZSCAKO8I1_RTRMADP_3_USA-TRUMP-KENYA_0.JPG?h=cd357387&itok=II-Fe7QJ" alt="A child sits as a nurse prepares to dispense antiretroviral ARV drugs used to prevent HIV from replicating, at the Nyumbani Children's Home, Nairobi, Kenya, on February 12, 2025. "> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/life-after-usaid-africas-development-education-and-health-care" data-analytics-related-click> <h3>Life After USAID: Africa's Development, Education, and Health Care </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/faraan-rahim">Faraan Rahim</a>, <a href="/author/sofia-difulvio">Sofia DiFulvio</a>, <a href="/author/julian-t-hertz">Julian T. Hertz</a>, <a href="/author/banda-khalifa">Banda Khalifa</a>, <a href="/author/ntuli-kapologwe">Ntuli A. Kapologwe</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="m-card m-card--medium "> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/governance" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/expanding-medical-oxygen-access-without-us-foreign-aid" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--32"> <picture> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2025-03/2021-08-04T000000Z_1154784877_RC2CYO919KSG_RTRMADP_3_HEALTH-CORONAVIRUS-OXYGEN_0.JPG?h=dfce4def&itok=Yhfn3rr7" media="(max-width: 999px" )> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_3_2/public/2025-03/2021-08-04T000000Z_1154784877_RC2CYO919KSG_RTRMADP_3_HEALTH-CORONAVIRUS-OXYGEN_0.JPG?h=d05e36b2&itok=6Nks9qXF" media="(min-width: 1000px)"> <img src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_3_2/public/2025-03/2021-08-04T000000Z_1154784877_RC2CYO919KSG_RTRMADP_3_HEALTH-CORONAVIRUS-OXYGEN_0.JPG?h=d05e36b2&itok=6Nks9qXF" alt="REUTERS/Thomas Mukoya"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/expanding-medical-oxygen-access-without-us-foreign-aid" data-analytics-related-click> <h3>Expanding Medical Oxygen Access Without U.S. Foreign Aid </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/leith-greenslade-0">Leith Greenslade</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="m-article-list m-article-list--basic"> <h3>The Latest</h3> <ul class="m-article-list__items"> <li> <a href="/topic/poverty" class="f-label-2" data-analytics-eyebrows>Poverty</a> <a href="/article/zimbabwes-bus-disaster-and-deadly-cost-defunding-global-health" data-analytics-latest> Zimbabwe's Bus Disaster and the Deadly Cost of Defunding Global Health </a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/governance" class="f-label-2" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <a href="/article/climate-change-global-surgery-and-g20-nations" data-analytics-latest> Climate Change, Global Surgery, and G20 Nations </a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/poverty" class="f-label-2" data-analytics-eyebrows>Poverty</a> <a href="/article/gaza-gray-zone-between-war-and-recovery" data-analytics-latest> The Gaza Gray Zone: Between War and Recovery </a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/trade" class="f-label-2" data-analytics-eyebrows>Trade</a> <a href="/article/mapping-supply-chains-global-health-agencies-lead-way" data-analytics-latest> Mapping Supply Chains: Global Health Agencies Lead the Way </a> </li> <li> <a href="/topic/governance" class="f-label-2" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <a href="/article/autism-and-identity-navigating-disability-versus-difference" data-analytics-latest> Autism and Identity: Navigating Disability Versus Difference </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="m-section-header "> <h3>The U.S. Bird Flu Outbreak</h3> </div> <div class="o-section o-section--bg o-section--reverse" data-behavior="analytics"> <div class="m-card m-card--medium "> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/governance" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/time-act-new-bird-flu-spillovers" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--11"> <picture> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_1_1/public/2025-03/D1_1_recirc-01.png?h=880de06d&itok=Lb6KKAsY" media="(max-width: 759px" )> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_1_1/public/2025-03/D1_1_recirc-01.png?h=880de06d&itok=Lb6KKAsY" media="(min-width: 760px)"> <img src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_1_1/public/2025-03/D1_1_recirc-01.png?h=880de06d&itok=Lb6KKAsY" alt="Mapping H5N1 Spread: Pathways of introduction and transmission, with nodes of risk and surveillance for H5N1"> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/time-act-new-bird-flu-spillovers" data-analytics-related-click> <h3>Time to Act on New Bird Flu Spillovers </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/meghan-f-davis">Meghan F. Davis</a>, <a href="/author/gigi-gronvall">Gigi Gronvall</a>, <a href="/author/andrew-pekosz">Andrew Pekosz</a>, <a href="/author/erin-m-sorrell">Erin M. Sorrell</a> </span> </div> <p>A strategic and biosecurity overview of what could protect U.S. agriculture and people from H5N1 infections</p> </div> </div> <div class="m-card m-card--medium "> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/governance" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/rfk-could-prevent-bird-flu-pandemic-embracing-his-environmentalist-roots" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--32"> <picture> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_1_1/public/2025-03/2025-02-28T185215Z_236429669_RC2G2DA4WCRW_RTRMADP_3_HEALTH-USA-HHS_0.JPG?h=7e03379f&itok=gc0eIwdz" media="(max-width: 759px" )> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_3_2/public/2025-03/2025-02-28T185215Z_236429669_RC2G2DA4WCRW_RTRMADP_3_HEALTH-USA-HHS_0.JPG?h=89a26db8&itok=WT3fTq3O" media="(min-width: 760px)"> <img src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_3_2/public/2025-03/2025-02-28T185215Z_236429669_RC2G2DA4WCRW_RTRMADP_3_HEALTH-USA-HHS_0.JPG?h=89a26db8&itok=WT3fTq3O" alt="Secretary of Health and Human Services Robert F. Kennedy sits as U.S. President Donald Trump hosts his first cabinet meeting, in Washington, DC, on February 26, 2025. "> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/rfk-could-prevent-bird-flu-pandemic-embracing-his-environmentalist-roots" data-analytics-related-click> <h3>RFK Could Prevent a Bird Flu Pandemic—By Embracing His Environmentalist Roots </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/neil-m-vora">Neil M. Vora</a> </span> </div> <p>Three steps Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. could take to strengthen the U.S. Department of Agriculture's recent bird flu plan</p> </div> </div> <div class="m-card m-card--large "> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/food" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Food</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/us-egg-prices-see-largest-jump-1980-bird-flu-outbreaks-continue" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--32"> <img data-src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_3_2/public/2025-03/egg%20prices_recirc-02_0.png?h=03b99a5e&itok=Vq1S3OAX" alt="A line graph titled "Egg Prices Surge in the United States" showing the historical trend of egg prices from 1980 to 2025. The average cost of a dozen large grade A eggs is $5.89 as of March 12, 2025" /> <!-- TODO: Need to get the image alt text --> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/us-egg-prices-see-largest-jump-1980-bird-flu-outbreaks-continue" data-analytics-related-click> <h2>U.S. Egg Prices See Largest Jump Since 1980 as Bird Flu Outbreaks Continue</h2> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/nsikan-akpan">Nsikan Akpan</a> </span> - March 12, 2025 </div> <p>A new version of H5N1 influenza continues to pound poultry, but price relief could be on the way </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="m-single-story m-single-story--light" data-behavior="analytics"> <div class="m-single-story__img"> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--169"> <picture> <!-- 3:2 Image --> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600_3_2/public/2025-03/10%20Americas_0.jpg?h=64130796&itok=HPlQQciG" media="(max-width: 999px" )> <!-- 16:9 Image --> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600_16_9/public/2025-03/10%20Americas_0.jpg?h=14d3ea22&itok=5IXEPmEn" media="(min-width: 1000px)"> <img data-src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_2600x2600_16_9/public/2025-03/10%20Americas_0.jpg?h=14d3ea22&itok=5IXEPmEn" alt="Wallace Buck stands alone waiting for the burial of his sons, who both died from complications of COVID-19, at the Sanostee chapter of the Navajo nation, in New Mexico, on December 16, 2021."> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="m-single-story__text"> <a href="/topic/governance" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <a href="/article/10-americas-how-geography-race-and-income-shape-us-life-expectancy"> <h2>The 10 Americas: How Geography, Race, and Income Shape U.S. Life Expectancy</h2> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/thomas-j-bollyky">Thomas J. Bollyky</a> , <a href="/author/laura-dwyer-lindgren">Laura Dwyer-Lindgren</a> , <a href="/author/ali-h-mokdad">Ali H. Mokdad</a> , <a href="/author/chloe-searchinger">Chloe Searchinger</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="m-data-cards" data-behavior="cardsCarousel" > <div class="m-data-cards__intro"> <h3>Data in Global Health</h3> <p> Featured Data Points </p> <div class="m-data-cards__controls" data-cardscarousel-controls> <button class="m-data-cards__prev" data-cardscarousel-prev-arrow> <span class="sr-only">Previous slide</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon--arrow-left"> <use xlink:href="#icon--arrow-left"></use> </svg> </button> <button class="m-data-cards__next" data-cardscarousel-next-arrow> <span class="sr-only">Next slide</span> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon--arrow-right"> <use xlink:href="#icon--arrow-right"></use> </svg> </button> </div> </div> <div class="m-data-cards__carousel" data-cardscarousel-slidercontainer> <div class="m-data-cards__carousel-inner" data-cardscarousel-sliderinner> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/addressing-mississippis-maternal-health-care-shortage" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">2.5 Times</h4> <p> <p>Rates of maternal death among Black women were 2.5 times those of white women in 2022</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2024-07/2024-07-03T181102Z_782188420_RC2XK8AHHTC2_RTRMADP_3_ALABAMA-HEALTHCARE_0.JPG?itok=c5WXvHqy" alt="Maternal Health in Mississippi" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>Maternal Health in Mississippi</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/myanmar-health-care-has-become-battleground" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">1,200</h4> <p> <p>Nearly 1,200 attacks on health-care workers and facilities have taken place in the three years since the coup</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2024-03/b6WX7-%20%284%29.png?itok=3d8hVgl3" alt="In Myanmar, Health Care Has Become a Battleground" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>In Myanmar, Health Care Has Become a Battleground</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/pregnant-people-will-die-result-overturning-roe-v-wade" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">1 in 4</h4> <p> <p>One in four U.S. women will have an abortion by age 45</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2022-07/RTS900K6%281%29.jpg?h=d8274266&itok=_aRpP4Qm" alt="Abortion in the United States" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>Abortion in the United States</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/unrwa-under-fire" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">500,000</h4> <p> <p>UNRWA educates more than 500,000 children and provides basic health services to almost 6 million people</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2024-02/RTSV95T0.jpg?h=5c36547d&itok=UOF_w6PU" alt="UNRWA Under Fire" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>UNRWA Under Fire</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/tobacco-control-goes-missing-indonesias-presidential-ballot" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">70%</h4> <p> <p>More than 70 percent of adult men smoke in Indonesia</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2024-02/RTR2QCLI_0.jpg?itok=T_I5BHoo" alt="Tobacco Control Goes Missing from Indonesia's Presidential Ballot" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>Tobacco Control Goes Missing from Indonesia's Presidential Ballot</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/us-abortion-law-and-dissenting-norm" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">1967</h4> <p> <p>In 1967, the WHO identified unsafe abortion as a serious public health problem in many countries</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2022-06/RTS8YVP0_0.JPG?h=c34eeffe&itok=7jCugWBR" alt="U.S. Abortion Law and Dissenting from the Norm" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>U.S. Abortion Law and Dissenting from the Norm</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/ending-covid-19-pandemic-hinges-trust" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">3.3 Times</h4> <p> <p>Where there was trust in local health workers people were 3.3 times more likely to wear a mask during COVID</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2021-11/JoJo%20Tom%20%26%20Chris_0.JPG?h=3d766cee&itok=tKV-ezBw" alt="Ending the COVID-19 Pandemic Hinges on Trust" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>Ending the COVID-19 Pandemic Hinges on Trust</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/opioid-overdose-deaths-what-united-states-can-learn-other-countries" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">45 Percent</h4> <p> <p>The number of people dying from opioid use in the U.S. in 2021 was nearly 45 percent higher than in 2020</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2022-04/Opioid%20Treatment%20Canada%20%281%29.jpg?itok=gHv1U8As" alt="Opioid overdose deaths in the United States" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>Opioid overdose deaths in the United States</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/hivaids-and-covid-dual-battle" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">34 Million</h4> <p> <p>The number of people who have died from AIDS-related illnesses</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2021-06/HIV%20ribbon%201.1.png?itok=gN3NgEir" alt="HIV/AIDS and COVID: A Dual Battle" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>HIV/AIDS and COVID: A Dual Battle</span> </span> </div> </a> <a href="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/article/dual-pandemics-coronavirus-and-gender-based-violence" class="m-data-card" data-cardsCarousel-datapoints> <h4 class="f-display-3">1 in 3</h4> <p> <p>One in three women—1.3 billion women and girls worldwide—experiences gender-based violence in her lifetime</p> </p> <div class="m-data-card__overlay"> <img width="52px" src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_650x650_1_1/public/2020-06/Karen.Sherman-CoV-DualPandemic-6.1.20-RTXBI38-SQUARE.jpg?itok=xrEspGMQ" alt="Dual Pandemics: Coronavirus and Gender-Based Violence" class="m-data-card__img" /> <span><span>Dual Pandemics: Coronavirus and Gender-Based Violence</span> </span> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="o-double-section-grid"> <div class="m-section-header "> <a href="/series/us-foreign-policy-and-global-health"><h3>Series</h3></a> <a href="/series" class="m-section-header__link" data-stickynav-see-series>See all</a> </div> <div class="m-section-sub-header "> <a href="/series/us-foreign-policy-and-global-health"><h3><span>U.S. Foreign Policy and Global Health</span></h3></a> </div> <div class="m-section-header m-section-header--left"> <a href="/series/us-foreign-policy-and-global-health"><h3>Series: <span>U.S. Foreign Policy and Global Health</span></h3></a> <a href="/series" class="m-section-header__link" data-stickynav-see-series>See all</a> <div class="m-section-header__text"> It's time to rethink U.S. engagement on global health </div> </div> <div class="o-section" data-behavior="analytics"> <div class="m-card m-card--large m-card--featured"> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/trade" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Trade</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/usaid-lifesaving-waiver-mirage-without-sufficient-staffing" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--32"> <img data-src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_3_2/public/2025-02/2025-01-30T022521Z_849038631_RC21KCAKBTI3_RTRMADP_3_USA-TRUMP-AID-PAUSE_1.JPG?h=0e6ff800&itok=7R-0vIk8" alt="The shadow of a Philippine Army personnel is cast on boxes of relief items from USAID for the victims of super typhoon Haiyan, at Villamor Air Base, in Manila, Philippines, on November 13, 2013. " /> <!-- TODO: Need to get the image alt text --> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/usaid-lifesaving-waiver-mirage-without-sufficient-staffing" data-analytics-related-click> <h2>The USAID "Lifesaving" Waiver Is a Mirage Without Sufficient Staffing </h2> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/prashant-yadav">Prashant Yadav</a> </span> - February 10, 2025 </div> <p>The State Department's humanitarian waiver is essential but falls woefully short of ensuring patients receive medicines</p> </div> </div> <div class="m-card m-card--medium "> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/governance" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/us-who-exit-could-expand-chinas-influence" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--32"> <picture> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_1_1/public/2025-01/2019-06-29T030535Z_611972487_RC193D24B180_RTRMADP_3_G20-SUMMIT-TRUMP-XI_0.JPG?h=124fb3b8&itok=61g_cEHS" media="(max-width: 759px" )> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_3_2/public/2025-01/2019-06-29T030535Z_611972487_RC193D24B180_RTRMADP_3_G20-SUMMIT-TRUMP-XI_0.JPG?h=296753c5&itok=SzRjxomc" media="(min-width: 760px)"> <img src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_3_2/public/2025-01/2019-06-29T030535Z_611972487_RC193D24B180_RTRMADP_3_G20-SUMMIT-TRUMP-XI_0.JPG?h=296753c5&itok=SzRjxomc" alt="U.S. President Donald Trump and China's President Xi Jinping pose for a photo ahead of their bilateral meeting during the G20 leaders' summit, in Osaka, Japan, on June 29, 2019. "> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/us-who-exit-could-expand-chinas-influence" data-analytics-related-click> <h3>U.S. WHO Exit Could Expand China's Influence </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/yanzhong-huang">Yanzhong Huang</a> </span> </div> <p>Donald Trump's executive order could inadvertently pave the way for China to reshape global health governance</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="m-section-header m-section-header--right"> <a href="/series/pepfar-hiv-program-under-threat-0"><h3><span>The PEPFAR HIV Program Under Threat</span></h3></a> </div> <div class="o-section o-section--right"> <div class="m-card m-card--medium "> <div class="m-card__media"> <a href="/topic/governance" class="m-card__label" data-analytics-eyebrows>Governance</a> <a class="m-card__img" href="/article/pepfar-files-who-tried-end-lifesaving-hiv-program" data-analytics-related-click> <div class="m-img-container m-img-container--11"> <picture> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_1_1/public/2024-07/who%20killed%20pepfar_emily%20bass_article1_2016-11-30T000000Z_1023224425_RC1977420E00_RTRMADP_3_AIDS-DAY_0.JPG?h=da17f3ca&itok=FESsHGAj" media="(max-width: 759px" )> <source data-srcset="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_1_1/public/2024-07/who%20killed%20pepfar_emily%20bass_article1_2016-11-30T000000Z_1023224425_RC1977420E00_RTRMADP_3_AIDS-DAY_0.JPG?h=da17f3ca&itok=FESsHGAj" media="(min-width: 760px)"> <img src="https://www.thinkglobalhealth.org/sites/default/files/styles/max_1300x1300_1_1/public/2024-07/who%20killed%20pepfar_emily%20bass_article1_2016-11-30T000000Z_1023224425_RC1977420E00_RTRMADP_3_AIDS-DAY_0.JPG?h=da17f3ca&itok=FESsHGAj" alt="School girls light candles in the shape of a ribbon during a HIV/AIDS awareness campaign ahead of World Aids Day, in Ahmedabad, India November 30, 2016."> </picture> </div> </a> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a href="/article/pepfar-files-who-tried-end-lifesaving-hiv-program" data-analytics-related-click> <h3>The PEPFAR Files: Who Tried to End the Lifesaving HIV Program? </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <a href="/author/emily-bass">Emily Bass</a> </span> </div> <p>The first in a three-part series explores why the popular global health program is under threat</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="m-section-header "> <a href="/what-we-are-reading"><h3>What we're reading</h3></a> <a href="/what-we-are-reading" class="m-section-header__link" data-stickynav-see-reading>See all</a> </div> <div class="o-section" data-behavior="analytics"> <div class="m-card m-card--medium m-card--featured"> <div class="m-card__media"> <span class="m-card__label">NBC News</span> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/texas-midwife-arrested-charged-performing-illegal-abortions-rcna196810" data-analytics-exit-links> <h3>Texas Midwife Arrested and Charged With Performing Illegal Abortions <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon--arrow-external"> <use xlink:href="#icon--arrow-external"></use> </svg> </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <span>Aria Bendix and Tim Stelloh</span> </span> </div> <p>The arrest appears to be the first time a health-care provider in Texas has been criminally charged under the state's abortion ban</p> </div> </div> <div class="m-card m-card--medium m-card--featured"> <div class="m-card__media"> <span class="m-card__label">Movendi</span> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://movendi.ngo/blog/2025/03/12/how-big-alcohol-is-hijacking-the-road-safety-agenda-in-colombia/" data-analytics-exit-links> <h3>How Big Alcohol Is Hijacking the Road Safety Agenda in Colombia <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon--arrow-external"> <use xlink:href="#icon--arrow-external"></use> </svg> </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <span>Angelica Claro</span> </span> </div> <p>According to police reports 167 persons were killed in an alcohol-related crash, representing 7.7% of all road deaths in 2022</p> </div> </div> <div class="m-card m-card--medium m-card--featured"> <div class="m-card__media"> <span class="m-card__label">South China Morning Post</span> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/health-environment/article/3302271/indonesias-energy-transition-doubt-us-pulls-out-us20-billion-coal-phase-out-plan" data-analytics-exit-links> <h3>Indonesia's Energy Transition in Doubt as United States Pulls Out of $20 Billion Coal Phase-Out Plan <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon--arrow-external"> <use xlink:href="#icon--arrow-external"></use> </svg> </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <span>Amy Sood</span> </span> </div> <p>Despite Jakarta's ambitious net-zero goals, analysts say the country has limited political will to fulfil its climate commitments on its own</p> </div> </div> <div class="m-card m-card--medium m-card--featured"> <div class="m-card__media"> <span class="m-card__label">NBC News</span> </div> <div class="m-card__text"> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/anti-vaccine-influencers-weaponized-measles-death-texas-rcna196900" data-analytics-exit-links> <h3> How the Anti-Vaccine Movement Weaponized a 6-Year-Old's Measles Death <svg aria-hidden="true" class="icon--arrow-external"> <use xlink:href="#icon--arrow-external"></use> </svg> </h3> </a> <div class="m-card__meta"> <span class="f-ui-1">by <span>Brandy Zadrozny</span> </span> </div> <p>Anti-vaccine influencers see the child’s death as proof — not of the danger of measles, but of their own debunked theories</p> </div> </div> </div> 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