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class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Thought and the Men's Movement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thought_and_the_Men's_Movement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Works-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Works subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Poetry_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poetry_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Poetry collections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poetry_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Translations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Translations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Translations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Translations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anthologies_(as_editor)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anthologies_(as_editor)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Anthologies (as editor)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anthologies_(as_editor)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nonfiction_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nonfiction_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Nonfiction books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nonfiction_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="روبرت بلاي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبرت بلاي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="رابرت بلای – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رابرت بلای" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Робърт Блай – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Робърт Блай" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="رابرت بلای – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رابرت بلای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88" title="राबर्ट ब्लै – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राबर्ट ब्लै" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99" title="רוברט בליי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוברט בליי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robertus_Bly" title="Robertus Bly – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Robertus Bly" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%89" title="روبرت بلاى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبرت بلاى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4" title="ロバート・ブライ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロバート・ブライ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="Robert Bly – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Robert Bly" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Роберт Блай – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роберт Блай" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1" title="罗伯特·布莱 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="罗伯特·布莱" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q472507#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bly" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Robert_Bly" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American poet, author, and activist (1926–2021)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the poet. For the business writer, see <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Bly" title="Robert W. Bly">Robert W. Bly</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Robert_Bly" title="Special:EditPage/Robert Bly">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Robert+Bly%22">"Robert Bly"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Robert+Bly%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Robert+Bly%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Robert+Bly%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Robert+Bly%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Robert+Bly%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Robert Bly</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Poetry_Out_Loud_MN_finals_27.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bly at the "Poetry Out Loud" finals, Minnesota 2009"><img alt="Bly at the "Poetry Out Loud" finals, Minnesota 2009" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Poetry_Out_Loud_MN_finals_27.jpg/275px-Poetry_Out_Loud_MN_finals_27.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Poetry_Out_Loud_MN_finals_27.jpg/413px-Poetry_Out_Loud_MN_finals_27.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Poetry_Out_Loud_MN_finals_27.jpg/550px-Poetry_Out_Loud_MN_finals_27.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2298" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Bly at the "Poetry Out Loud" finals, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a> 2009</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Robert Elwood Bly<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1926-12-23</span>)</span>December 23, 1926<br /><a href="/wiki/Lac_qui_Parle_County,_Minnesota" title="Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota">Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">November 21, 2021<span style="display:none">(2021-11-21)</span> (aged 94)<br /><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>, Minnesota, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Poet</li><li>activist</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (BA)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Iowa" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a> (MFA)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Period</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">1962–2018</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Subjects</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Masculinity</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Literary movement</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deep_image" title="Deep image">Deep image</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoetic_men%27s_movement" title="Mythopoetic men's movement">Mythopoetic Men's Movement</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable works</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Iron_John:_A_Book_About_Men" title="Iron John: A Book About Men">Iron John: A Book About Men</a></i></li> <li><i>Silence in the Snowy Fields</i></li> <li><i>The Light Around the Body</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Bly" title="Carol Bly">Carol McLean</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1955; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1979)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Ruth Counsell</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1980)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Children</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">4, including <a href="/wiki/Mary_Bly" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Bly">Mary Bly</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://robertbly.com">robertbly<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert Elwood Bly</b> (December 23, 1926 – November 21, 2021) was an <a href="/wiki/American_people" class="mw-redirect" title="American people">American</a> poet, essayist, activist and leader of the <a href="/wiki/Mythopoetic_men%27s_movement" title="Mythopoetic men's movement">mythopoetic men's movement</a>. His best-known prose book is <i><a href="/wiki/Iron_John:_A_Book_About_Men" title="Iron John: A Book About Men">Iron John: A Book About Men</a></i> (1990),<sup id="cite_ref-brit_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which spent 62 weeks on <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Best_Seller_list" title="The New York Times Best Seller list"><i>The New York Times</i> Best Seller list</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is a key text of the mythopoetic men's movement. He won the 1968 <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award_for_Poetry" title="National Book Award for Poetry">National Book Award for Poetry</a> for his book <i>The Light Around the Body</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-nba1968_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nba1968-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bly was born in <a href="/wiki/Lac_qui_Parle_County,_Minnesota" title="Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota">Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota</a>, the son of Alice Aws and Jacob Thomas Bly, who were of <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian people">Norwegian</a> ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-johnsen_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-johnsen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following graduation from high school in 1944, he enlisted in the United States Navy, serving two years. After one year at <a href="/wiki/St._Olaf_College" title="St. Olaf College">St. Olaf College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, he transferred to <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, joining other young persons who became known as writers: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Hall" title="Donald Hall">Donald Hall</a>, Will Morgan, <a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Rich" title="Adrienne Rich">Adrienne Rich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Koch" title="Kenneth Koch">Kenneth Koch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_O%27Hara" title="Frank O'Hara">Frank O'Hara</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Ashbery" title="John Ashbery">John Ashbery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Brodkey" title="Harold Brodkey">Harold Brodkey</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Plimpton" title="George Plimpton">George Plimpton</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Hawkes_(novelist)" title="John Hawkes (novelist)">John Hawkes</a>. He graduated in 1950 and spent the next few years in New York. </p><p>Beginning in 1954, Bly studied for two years at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Iowa" title="University of Iowa">University of Iowa</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Iowa_Writers_Workshop" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa Writers Workshop">Iowa Writers Workshop</a>, completing a master's degree in fine arts, along with <a href="/wiki/W._D._Snodgrass" title="W. D. Snodgrass">W. D. Snodgrass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Justice" title="Donald Justice">Donald Justice</a>, and others. In 1956, he received a <a href="/wiki/Fulbright_Program" title="Fulbright Program">Fulbright Grant</a> to travel to <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> and translate <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_literature" title="Norwegian literature">Norwegian poetry</a> into English. While there, he became acquainted with the work of a number of major international poets whose work was barely known in the United States. These included both Norwegians and writers from Spain, Latin America and elsewhere, among them <a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Ekelof" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunnar Ekelof">Gunnar Ekelof</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Martinson" title="Harry Martinson">Harry Martinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georg_Trakl" title="Georg Trakl">Georg Trakl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Machado" title="Antonio Machado">Antonio Machado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Neruda" title="Pablo Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cesar_Vallejo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cesar Vallejo">Cesar Vallejo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rumi" title="Rumi">Rumi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hafez_(poet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hafez (poet)">Hafez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mirabai" title="Mirabai">Mirabai</a>. He also connected with some of his family's relations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bly lived on a farm in Minnesota with his wife Carol (née McLean), whom he married in 1955, and their four children. <a href="/wiki/Carol_Bly" title="Carol Bly">Carol Bly</a> was also a writer, winning awards for her short stories and novels. Robert and Carol divorced in 1979. Their daughter <a href="/wiki/Mary_Bly" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Bly">Mary Bly</a> is a professor at <a href="/wiki/Fordham_University" title="Fordham University">Fordham University</a> and author of romance novels under the <a href="/wiki/Pseudonym" title="Pseudonym">pseudonym</a> <a href="/wiki/Eloisa_James" title="Eloisa James">Eloisa James</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nymag_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nymag-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1980, Robert Bly married Ruth Counsell<sup id="cite_ref-johnsen_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-johnsen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and became the stepfather to her two children. In 2012, his daughter Mary told Minnesota Public Radio that he had Alzheimer's disease.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bly died at his home in Minneapolis on November 21, 2021, at the age of 94.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bly's early collection of poems, <i>Silence in the Snowy Fields,</i> was published in 1962. Its plain, imagistic style had considerable influence on American verse of the next two decades.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year, he published "<a href="/wiki/A_Wrong_Turning_in_American_Poetry" title="A Wrong Turning in American Poetry">A Wrong Turning in American Poetry</a>", an essay in which he argued that the vast majority of American poetry from 1917 to 1963 was lacking in soul and "inwardness" as a result of a focus on impersonality and an objectifying, intellectual view of the world. Bly believed this approach was instigated by the Modernists and formed the aesthetic of most post-World War II American poetry. He criticized the influence of American-born Modernists such as <a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ezra_Pound" title="Ezra Pound">Ezra Pound</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marianne_Moore" title="Marianne Moore">Marianne Moore</a>, and <a href="/wiki/William_Carlos_Williams" title="William Carlos Williams">William Carlos Williams</a>, and argued that American poetry needed to model itself on the more inward-looking work of European and South American poets like <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Neruda" title="Pablo Neruda">Pablo Neruda</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Vallejo" title="César Vallejo">César Vallejo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juan_Ram%C3%B3n_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Juan Ramón Jiménez">Juan Ramón Jiménez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Machado" title="Antonio Machado">Antonio Machado</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Maria_Rilke" title="Rainer Maria Rilke">Rainer Maria Rilke</a>. A <i>Selected Poems</i> translation of Rilke from the German, with Commentary by Bly, was published in 1981. <i>Times Alone, Selected Poems of Antonio Machado</i>, with facing page Spanish/English translation, was published in 1983. </p><p>In 1966, Bly co-founded <a href="/wiki/American_Writers_Against_the_Vietnam_War" title="American Writers Against the Vietnam War">American Writers Against the Vietnam War</a> and was among the leaders of the opposition to that war among writers. In 1968, he signed the "<a href="/wiki/Writers_and_Editors_War_Tax_Protest" class="mw-redirect" title="Writers and Editors War Tax Protest">Writers and Editors War Tax Protest</a>" pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the war.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his speech accepting the 1968 <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award" title="National Book Award">National Book Award</a> for <i>The Light Around the Body</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-nba1968_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nba1968-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he announced that he would be contributing the $1000 prize to draft resistance organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the sixties Bly aided the Bengali <a href="/wiki/Hungryalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungryalist">Hungryalist</a> poets who faced anti-establishment trials at <a href="/wiki/Kolkata" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a>, India. Bly's 1970 poem "The Teeth Mother Naked at Last", later collected in his book <i>Sleepers Joining Hands</i> (1973), is a major contribution to anti-war poetry of the Vietnam War era. During the 1970s, he published eleven books of poetry, essays, and translations. He celebrated the power of myth, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">Indian</a> <a href="/wiki/Religious_ecstasy" title="Religious ecstasy">ecstatic</a> poetry, meditation, and storytelling. During the 1980s he published <i>Loving a Woman in Two Worlds</i>, <i>The Wingéd Life: Selected Poems and Prose of Thoreau,</i> <i>The Man in the Black Coat Turns,</i> and <i>A Little Book on the Human Shadow</i>. </p><p>Perhaps his most famous work is <i><a href="/wiki/Iron_John:_A_Book_About_Men" title="Iron John: A Book About Men">Iron John: A Book About Men</a></i> (1990). This became an international bestseller and has been translated into many languages; it is credited with inspiring the <a href="/wiki/Mythopoetic_men%27s_movement" title="Mythopoetic men's movement">Mythopoetic men's movement</a> in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bly frequently conducted workshops for men, together with <a href="/wiki/James_Hillman" title="James Hillman">James Hillman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Meade" title="Michael J. Meade">Michael J. Meade</a>, and others, as well as workshops for men and women with <a href="/wiki/Marion_Woodman" title="Marion Woodman">Marion Woodman</a>. He maintained a friendly correspondence with <a href="/wiki/Clarissa_Pinkola_Est%C3%A9s" title="Clarissa Pinkola Estés">Clarissa Pinkola Estés</a>, author of <i>Women Who Run with the Wolves</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Bly wrote <i>The Maiden King: The Reunion of Masculine and Feminine</i> with Marion Woodman. He published a poetry anthology titled <i>The Rag and Bone Shop of the Heart</i> (1992), with James Hillman and Michael Meade co-editing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Great_Mother_Conference">Great Mother Conference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Great Mother Conference"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1975, Bly organized a <i>Great Mother Conference</i>. Throughout the nine-day event, poetry, music, and dance were practiced to examine human consciousness. The conference has been held annually; since 2003 in <a href="/wiki/Nobleboro,_Maine" title="Nobleboro, Maine">Nobleboro, Maine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early years, one of its major themes was the goddess or "<a href="/wiki/Gender_of_God" title="Gender of God">Great Mother</a>", as she has been known throughout human history. Much of Bly's collection <i>Sleepers Joining Hands</i> (1973) is concerned with this theme. In the context of the Vietnam War, a focus on the divine feminine was seen as urgent and necessary. Since that time, the Conference has expanded its topics to consider a wide variety of poetic, mythological, and fairy tale traditions. In the 1980s and 1990s, there was much discussion among the conference community about the changes which contemporary men were going through, so "The New Father" was added to the Conference title.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bly stopped attending after 2010. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_legacy">Awards and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Awards and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bly was the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">University of Minnesota</a> Library's 2002 Distinguished Writer. He received the <a href="/wiki/McKnight_Foundation" title="McKnight Foundation">McKnight Foundation</a>'s Distinguished Artist Award in 2000, and the <a href="/wiki/Maurice_English_Poetry_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurice English Poetry Award">Maurice English Poetry Award</a> in 2002. He has published more than 40 collections of poetry, edited many others, and published translations of poetry and prose from such languages as <a href="/wiki/Swedish_(language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish (language)">Swedish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_(language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian (language)">Norwegian</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a>. His book <i>The Night Abraham Called to the Stars</i> was nominated for a <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Book_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Minnesota Book Award">Minnesota Book Award</a>. He also edited the prestigious <i>Best American Poetry 1999</i> (Scribners). </p><p>In 2006 the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">University of Minnesota</a> purchased Bly's archive, which contained more than 80,000 pages of handwritten manuscripts; a journal spanning nearly 50 years; notebooks of his "morning poems"; drafts of translations; hundreds of audio and videotapes, and correspondence with many writers such as <a href="/wiki/James_Wright_(poet)" title="James Wright (poet)">James Wright</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Hall" title="Donald Hall">Donald Hall</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Dickey" title="James Dickey">James Dickey</a>. The archive is housed at Elmer L. Andersen Library on the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota" title="University of Minnesota">University of Minnesota</a> campus. The university paid $775,000 from school funds and private donors.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2008, Bly was named Minnesota's first <a href="/wiki/Poet_laureate" title="Poet laureate">poet laureate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that year he also contributed a poem and an Afterword to <i>From the Other World: Poems in Memory of James Wright</i>. In February 2013, he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Robert_Frost_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Frost Medal">Robert Frost Medal</a>, a lifetime achievement recognition given by the <a href="/wiki/Poetry_Society_of_America" title="Poetry Society of America">Poetry Society of America</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Translation">Translation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Translation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Bly's willingness to collaborate with others is especially evident in his extensive translation work. Working with people knowledgeable about the poet's native language, Bly applies his craft as a poet to creating a non-literal, poetic translation. The poets that interest him most embody his idea of "Leaping Poetry", explained in 1972's <i>Leaping Poetry: An Idea with Poems and Translations Chosen by Robert Bly</i>. The poets he chooses in the book as examples of this leaping poetry included <a href="/wiki/Federico_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca" title="Federico García Lorca">Federico García Lorca</a>, Cesar Vallejo, Pablo Neruda, Rainer Maria Rilke and <a href="/wiki/Tomas_Transtr%C3%B6mer" title="Tomas Tranströmer">Tomas Tranströmer</a>. He says:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style></p><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style=";"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>My idea, then, is that a great work of art often has at its center a long floating leap, around which the work of art in ancient times used to gather itself like steel shavings around the magnet. But a work of art does not necessarily have at its center a single long floating leap. The work can have many leaps, perhaps shorter. The real joy of poetry is to experience this leaping inside a poem. A poet who is "leaping" makes a jump from an object soaked in unconscious psychic substance to an object or idea soaked in conscious psychic substance. What is marvellous is to see this leaping return in poetry of this century. </p> </blockquote> </div> <p><i>News of the Universe: Poems of Twofold Consciousness</i> is a collection of poetry from around the world in 1995. In the introductory note Bly explains the book was requested by Sierra Club Books, and was to be poems relating to ecology. He begins the book with seven poems he calls "The Old Position", which are poems from the 18th century which "dismissed nature as defective because it lacks reason". The next part is the "Attack on the Old Position", followed by four more sections, and all non-English poets are translated by Bly. <i>The Winged Energy of Delight, Selected Translations</i> (2004) includes poets translated in <i>Leaping Poetry,</i> along with translations from Japanese, Spanish, Arabic and other world poets. </p><p>Bly's interest in Eastern ecstatic poetry flowered with the publication in 1971 of <i>The Kabir Book, Forty-four of the Ecstatic Poems of Kabir</i>. It was a compilation of poems previously published in a variety of journals, reviews, and magazines. In 1981, Yellow Moon Press published <i>Night and Sleep</i>, which contained translations of Rumi by <a href="/wiki/Coleman_Barks" title="Coleman Barks">Coleman Barks</a> and Robert Bly. Barks collaborated with John Moyne and his literal Persian translations.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bly worked with translations from the <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> original by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_John_Arberry" title="Arthur John Arberry">A.J. Arberry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reynold_A._Nicholson" title="Reynold A. Nicholson">Reynold A. Nicholson</a>. A book translating <a href="/wiki/Meera" class="mw-redirect" title="Meera">Mirabai</a> followed in 2004, co-authored with <a href="/wiki/Jane_Hirshfield" title="Jane Hirshfield">Jane Hirshfield</a>, with an afterword by John Stratton Hawley. In 2001, <i>The Night Abraham Called to the Stars</i> published Bly's celebration of the <i><a href="/wiki/Ghazal" title="Ghazal">ghazal</a></i>, of which the cover flap says "Bly offers Western readers the opportunity to experience the thrilling leaps that the ghazal allows." In 2008, <i>The Angels Knocking on the Tavern Door</i> gave us thirty poems by Hafez translated by Bly and noted Islamic scholar <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Lewisohn_(Islamic_scholar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Leonard Lewisohn (Islamic scholar)">Leonard Lewisohn</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Thought_and_the_Men's_Movement"><span id="Thought_and_the_Men.27s_Movement"></span>Thought and the Men's Movement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Thought and the Men's Movement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Much of Bly's prose writing focuses on what he saw as the particularly troubled situation in which many males find themselves today. He understood this to be a result of, among other things, the decline of traditional fathering which left young boys unguided through the stages of life leading to maturity. He claimed that in contrast with women who are better informed by their bodies (notably by the beginning and end of their <a href="/wiki/Menstrual_cycle" title="Menstrual cycle">menstrual cycle</a>), men need to be actively guided out of boyhood and into manhood by their elders. Pre-modern cultures had elaborate myths, often enacted as <a href="/wiki/Rites_of_passage" class="mw-redirect" title="Rites of passage">rites of passage</a>, as well as "men's societies" where older men would teach young boys about these gender-specific issues. As modern fathers have become increasingly absent, this knowledge is no longer being passed down the generations, resulting in what he referred to as a Sibling Society.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "Absence of the Father" is a recurrent theme in Bly's work and according to him, many of the phenomena of depression, juvenile delinquency and lack of leadership in business and politics are linked to it. </p><p>Bly therefore saw today's men as half-adults, trapped between boyhood and maturity, in a state where they find it hard to become responsible in their work as well as leaders in their communities. Eventually they might become weak or absent fathers themselves which will cause this behaviour to be passed down to their children. In his book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sibling_Society" title="The Sibling Society">The Sibling Society</a></i> (1997), Bly argues that a society formed of such men is inherently problematic as it lacks creativity and a deep sense of empathy. The image of half-adults is further reinforced by popular culture which often portrays fathers as naive, overweight and almost always emotionally co-dependent. Historically this represents a recent shift from a traditional patriarchal model and Bly believes that women rushed to fill the gap that was formed through the various <a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">youth movements during the 1960s</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> enhancing men's emotional capacities and helping them to connect with women's age-old pain of repression. It has, however, also led to the creation of "soft males" who lack the outwardly directed strength to revitalize the community with assertiveness and a certain warrior strength. </p><p>In Bly's view, a potential solution lay in the rediscovery of the meanings hidden in traditional myths and fairytales as well as works of poetry. He researched and collected myths that concern male maturity, often originating from the <i><a href="/wiki/Grimms%27_Fairy_Tales" title="Grimms' Fairy Tales">Grimms' Fairy Tales</a></i> and published them in various books, <i>Iron John</i> being the best known example.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast to the continual pursuit of higher achievements that is constantly taught to young men today, the theme of <a href="/wiki/Katabasis#Trip_into_the_underworld" title="Katabasis">spiritual descent</a> (often being referred to by its Greek term <i><a href="/wiki/Katabasis" title="Katabasis">κατάβασις</a></i>), which is to be found in many of these myths, is presented as a necessary step for coming in contact with the deeper aspects of the masculine self and achieving its full potential. This is often presented as hero, often during the middle of his quest, going underground to pass a period of solitude and sorrow in semi-bestial mode. Bly noticed that a cultural space existed in most traditional societies for such a period in a man's life, in the absence of which, many men today go into a depression and alcoholism as they subconsciously try to emulate this innate ritual. </p><p>Bly was influenced by the Swiss psychiatrist <a href="/wiki/Carl_Jung" title="Carl Jung">Carl Jung</a>, who developed the theory of <a href="/wiki/Jungian_archetypes" title="Jungian archetypes">archetypes</a>, the discrete structures of the <a href="/wiki/Psyche_(psychology)" title="Psyche (psychology)">Psyche</a> which emerge as images in dreams, myths, and art. The Powerful King, the Evil Witch and the Beautiful Maiden are, according to Jung, some of the imprints of the <a href="/wiki/Collective_unconscious" title="Collective unconscious">collective unconscious</a> and Bly wrote extensively about their meaning and relations to modern life. As an example and in accordance with Jung, he considered the Witch to be that part of the male psyche upon which the negative and destructive side of a woman is imprinted and which first developed during infancy to store the imperfections of one's own mother. As a consequence, the Witch's symbols are essentially inverted motherly symbols, where the loving act of cooking is transformed into the brewing of evil potions and knitting clothes takes the form of spider's web. The feeding process is also reversed, with the child now in danger of being eaten to feed the body of the Witch rather than being fed by the mother's own body. In that respect, the Witch is a mark of <a href="/wiki/Developmental_disorder" title="Developmental disorder">arrested development</a> on the part of the man as it guards against feminine realities that his psyche is not yet able to incorporate fully. Fairy tales according to this interpretation mostly describe internal battles played out externally, where the hero saves his future bride by killing a witch, as in "The Drummer" (<a href="/wiki/Grimms%27_Fairy_Tales" title="Grimms' Fairy Tales">Grimms tale 193</a>). This particular concept is expanded in Bly's 1989 talk "The Human Shadow" and the book it presented.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In an early essay, <a href="/wiki/New_Formalist" class="mw-redirect" title="New Formalist">New Formalist</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Narrative" title="New Narrative">New Narrative</a> poet <a href="/wiki/Dana_Gioia" title="Dana Gioia">Dana Gioia</a> examined the poetry career of Robert Bly, whom Gioia called "one of the most famous and most influential poets writing in America."<sup id="cite_ref-Gioia2002_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gioia2002-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Gioia praised some of Bly's poetry <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_United_States_involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War" title="Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War">attacking U.S. involvement</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, he argued that Bly's success had more to do with self promotion than with literary talent. Gioia further called Bly's free verse translations of the work of formal poets "insensitive to both the sound and nuance of the originals", and accused Bly, by encouraging "this minimal kind of translation", of having "done immense damage to <a href="/wiki/American_poetry" title="American poetry">American poetry</a>." In conclusion, Gioia wrote, "Bly insists on being judged as a major poet, but his verse cannot bear the weight of that demand."<sup id="cite_ref-Gioia2002_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gioia2002-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poetry_collections">Poetry collections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Poetry collections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Like the New Moon, I Will Live My Life</i> (White Pine Press, 2015)</li> <li><i>Stealing Sugar from the Castle: Selected and New Poems, 1950–2013</i> (W. W. Norton & Company, 2013)</li> <li><i>Talking into the Ear of a Donkey: Poems</i> (W. W. Norton & Company, 2011)</li> <li><i>Reaching Out to the World: New & Selected Prose Poems</i> (<a href="/wiki/White_Pine_Press" title="White Pine Press">White Pine Press</a>, 2009)</li> <li><i>Turkish Pears in August: Twenty-Four Ramages</i> (Eastern Washington University, 2007)</li> <li><i>The Urge to Travel Long Distances</i> (Eastern Washington University Press, 2005)</li> <li><i>My Sentence Was a Thousand Years of Joy</i> (HarperCollins, 2005)</li> <li><i>Surprised by Evening</i> (RealNewMusic, 2005)!</li> <li><i>The Night Abraham Called to the Stars</i> (HarperCollins, 2001)</li> <li><i>Eating the Honey of Words: New and Selected Poems</i> (1999)</li> <li><i>Snowbanks North of the House</i> (1999)</li> <li><i>Morning Poems</i> (1997)</li> <li><i>Meditations on the Insatiable Soul</i> (1994)</li> <li><i>What Have I Ever Lost by Dying?: Collected Prose Poems</i> (1992)</li> <li><i>Loving a Woman in Two Worlds</i> (1985)</li> <li><i>Selected Poems</i> (1986)</li> <li><i>Mirabai Versions</i> (1984)</li> <li><i>The Man in the Black Coat Turns</i> (1981)</li> <li><i>This Tree Will Be Here for a Thousand Years</i> (1979)</li> <li><i>This Body is Made of Camphor and Gopherwood</i> (1977)</li> <li><i>Old Man Rubbing His Eyes</i> (1974)</li> <li><i>Jumping Out of Bed</i> (1973)</li> <li><i>Sleepers Joining Hands</i> (1973)</li> <li><i>The Light Around the Body</i> (1967) — <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Award" title="National Book Award">National Book Award</a><sup id="cite_ref-nba1968_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nba1968-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Lion's Tail and Eyes</i> (1962)</li> <li><i>Silence in the Snowy Fields</i> (1962)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translations">Translations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Angels Knocking on the Tavern Door: Thirty Poems of Hafez</i> (<a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>, 2008), with Leonard Lewisohn</li> <li><i>The Dream We Carry: Selected and Last Poems of Olav H. Hauge</i> (<a href="/wiki/Copper_Canyon_Press" title="Copper Canyon Press">Copper Canyon Press</a>, 2008), with Robert Hedin</li> <li><i>Peer Gynt</i> (2008) — verse play by <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen" title="Henrik Ibsen">Henrik Ibsen</a></li> <li><i>Kabir: Ecstatic Poems</i> (<a href="/wiki/Beacon_Press" title="Beacon Press">Beacon Press</a>, 2004)</li> <li><i>Mirabai: Ecstatic Poems</i>, translators Bly and Jane Hirshfield (Beacon Press, 2004)</li> <li><i>The Winged Energy of Delight: Selected Translations</i> (HarperCollins, 2004)</li> <li><i>The Half-Finished Heaven: The Best Poems of Tomas Tranströmer</i> (<a href="/wiki/Graywolf_Press" title="Graywolf Press">Graywolf Press</a>, 2001)</li> <li><i>The Lightning Should Have Fallen on Ghalib</i>, with Sunil Dutta (1999)</li> <li><i>Lorca and Jiménez: Selected Poems</i> (Beacon Press, 1997)</li> <li><i>Ten Poems of Francis Ponge Translated by Robert Bly & Ten Poems of Robert Bly Inspired by the Poems of Francis Ponge</i> (1990)</li> <li><i>Trusting Your Life to Water and Eternity: Twenty Poems of Olav H. Hauge</i> (1987)</li> <li><i>Machado's Times Alone: Selected Poems</i> (1983)</li> <li><i>Selected Poems of Rainer Maria Rilke: A Translation from the German and Commentary by Robert Bly</i> (1981)</li> <li><i>The Kabir Book</i> (1977)</li> <li><i>Friends, You Drank Some Darkness: Three Swedish Poets: Martinson, Ekeloef, and Transtromer</i> (1975)</li> <li><i>Neruda and Vallejo: Selected Poems</i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hunger_(Hamsun_novel)" title="Hunger (Hamsun novel)">Hunger</a></i> (1967) — novel by Knut Hamsun</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anthologies_(as_editor)"><span id="Anthologies_.28as_editor.29"></span>Anthologies (as editor)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Anthologies (as editor)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Best American Poetry</i> (1999)</li> <li><i>The Soul Is Here for Its Own Joy: Sacred Poems from Many Cultures</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ecco_Press" title="Ecco Press">Ecco Press</a> (1995)</li> <li><i>The Darkness Around Us Is Deep: Selected Poems of William Stafford</i> (1993)</li> <li><i>The Rag and Bone Shop of the Heart: Poems for Men</i> Co-edited with James Hillman and Michael Meade (1992)</li> <li><i>News of the Universe</i> (1980)</li> <li><i>Leaping Poetry</i> (1975)</li> <li><i>A Poetry Reading Against the Vietnam War</i> (1967)</li> <li><i>The Sea and the Honeycomb</i> (1966)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nonfiction_books">Nonfiction books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Nonfiction books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>More Than True: The Wisdom of Fairy Tales</i> (Henry Holt & Co, 2018)</li> <li><i>Remembering James Wright</i> (2005)</li> <li><i>The Maiden King : The Reunion of Masculine and Feminine</i>, Bly and Marion Woodman (<a href="/wiki/Henry_Holt_%26_Co" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Holt & Co">Henry Holt & Co</a>, 1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sibling_Society" title="The Sibling Society">The Sibling Society</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Addison-Wesley" title="Addison-Wesley">Addison-Wesley</a>, 1996)</li> <li><i>The Spirit Boy and the Insatiable Soul</i> (1994)</li> <li><i>American Poetry: Wildness and Domesticity</i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iron_John:_A_Book_About_Men" title="Iron John: A Book About Men">Iron John: A Book About Men</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i>A Little Book on the Human Shadow</i>, Bly and William Booth (1988)</li> <li><i>Eight Stages of Translation</i> (1983)</li> <li><i>Talking All Morning:</i></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_mythology" title="Religion and mythology">Religion and mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Campbell" title="Joseph Campbell">Joseph Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoetic_men%27s_movement" title="Mythopoetic men's movement">Mythopoetic Men's Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_image" title="Deep image">Deep image</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-brit-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-brit_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/294469/Iron-John-A-Book-About-Men">"Iron John: A Book About Men"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Britannica.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Britannica.com">Britannica.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iron+John%3A+A+Book+About+Men&rft.pub=Britannica.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F294469%2FIron-John-A-Book-About-Men&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard_A._Shweder1994" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shweder" title="Richard Shweder">Richard A. Shweder</a> (January 9, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/09/books/what-do-men-want-a-reading-list-for-the-male-identity-crisis.html">"What Do Men Want? A Reading List For the Male Identity Crisis"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=What+Do+Men+Want%3F+A+Reading+List+For+the+Male+Identity+Crisis&rft.date=1994-01-09&rft.au=Richard+A.+Shweder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F01%2F09%2Fbooks%2Fwhat-do-men-want-a-reading-list-for-the-male-identity-crisis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nba1968-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nba1968_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nba1968_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nba1968_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1968">"National Book Awards – 1968"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Book_Foundation" title="National Book Foundation">National Book Foundation</a>. Retrieved March 3, 2012. (With acceptance speech by Bly and essay by Patrick Rosal from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-johnsen-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-johnsen_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-johnsen_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnsen2004" class="citation web cs1">Johnsen, Bill (June 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070704074252/http://girardianlectionary.net/covr2004/BJohnsenpaper.pdf">"The Natural World is a Spiritual House"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Colloquium on Violence and Religion Annual Conference 2004</i>. Girardian Reflections on the Lectionary. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://girardianlectionary.net/covr2004/BJohnsenpaper.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 4, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 30,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Colloquium+on+Violence+and+Religion+Annual+Conference+2004&rft.atitle=The+Natural+World+is+a+Spiritual+House&rft.date=2004-06&rft.aulast=Johnsen&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgirardianlectionary.net%2Fcovr2004%2FBJohnsenpaper.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson1984" class="citation book cs1">Nelson, Howard (April 16, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PwsRh7n4Q5AC&dq=%22Jacob+Thomas+Bly+and+Alice+Aws+Bly%22&pg=PA11"><i>Robert Bly: An Introduction to the Poetry</i></a>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780231514231" title="Special:BookSources/9780231514231"><bdi>9780231514231</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robert+Bly%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+Poetry&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1984-04-16&rft.isbn=9780231514231&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPwsRh7n4Q5AC%26dq%3D%2522Jacob%2BThomas%2BBly%2Band%2BAlice%2BAws%2BBly%2522%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nymag-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nymag_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarman2005" class="citation web cs1">Garman, Emma (January 24–31, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eloisajames.com/articles/05_ny-mag.html">"Love's Labors"</a>. New York Magazine<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 7,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Love%27s+Labors&rft.pub=New+York+Magazine&rft.date=2005-01-24%2F2005-01-31&rft.aulast=Garman&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eloisajames.com%2Farticles%2F05_ny-mag.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2012" class="citation web cs1">Miller, Kerry (April 9, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mprnews.org/story/2012/04/10/daily-circuit-paris-in-love">"Mary Bly on 'Paris in Love,' living a parallel life"</a>. <i>MPR News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MPR+News&rft.atitle=Mary+Bly+on+%27Paris+in+Love%2C%27+living+a+parallel+life&rft.date=2012-04-09&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Kerry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mprnews.org%2Fstory%2F2012%2F04%2F10%2Fdaily-circuit-paris-in-love&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCombs2012" class="citation web cs1">Combs, Marianne (April 11, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.mprnews.org/state-of-the-arts/2012/04/writer-mary-bly-on-her-father-roberts-memory-loss/">"Poet Robert Bly's daughter talks about his memory loss"</a>. <i>State of the Arts: Minnesota Public Radio</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=State+of+the+Arts%3A+Minnesota+Public+Radio&rft.atitle=Poet+Robert+Bly%27s+daughter+talks+about+his+memory+loss&rft.date=2012-04-11&rft.aulast=Combs&rft.aufirst=Marianne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.mprnews.org%2Fstate-of-the-arts%2F2012%2F04%2Fwriter-mary-bly-on-her-father-roberts-memory-loss%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.startribune.com/best-selling-minnesota-author-poet-robert-bly-dies-at-94/600119617/">"Best-selling Minnesota author poet Robert Bly dies at 94"</a>. StartTribune.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Best-selling+Minnesota+author+poet+Robert+Bly+dies+at+94&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.startribune.com%2Fbest-selling-minnesota-author-poet-robert-bly-dies-at-94%2F600119617%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcFadden2021" class="citation news cs1">McFadden, Robert D. (November 22, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/22/books/robert-bly-dead.html">"Robert Bly, Poet Who Gave Rise to a Men's Movement, Dies at 94"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Robert+Bly%2C+Poet+Who+Gave+Rise+to+a+Men%27s+Movement%2C+Dies+at+94&rft.date=2021-11-22&rft.aulast=McFadden&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F11%2F22%2Fbooks%2Frobert-bly-dead.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gioia, Mason, and Schoerke, editors. <i>Twentieth-Century American Poetics</i>, p. 260.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Writers and Editors War Tax Protest", <i>New York Post</i>, January 30, 1968.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBly" class="citation web cs1">Bly, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180613015307/http://www.nationalbook.org/nbaacceptspeech_rbly">"National Book Awards acceptance speech"</a>. <i>National Book Foundation</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalbook.org/nbaacceptspeech_rbly">the original</a> on June 13, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Book+Foundation&rft.atitle=National+Book+Awards+acceptance+speech&rft.aulast=Bly&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalbook.org%2Fnbaacceptspeech_rbly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCombs1991" class="citation news cs1">McCombs, Phil (February 3, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1991/02/03/mens-movement-stalks-the-wild-side/83d3e85f-1384-484c-8e43-c4e30e1229f4/">"MEN'S MOVEMENT STALKS THE WILD SIDE"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=MEN%27S+MOVEMENT+STALKS+THE+WILD+SIDE&rft.date=1991-02-03&rft.aulast=McCombs&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F1991%2F02%2F03%2Fmens-movement-stalks-the-wild-side%2F83d3e85f-1384-484c-8e43-c4e30e1229f4%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenwald" class="citation web cs1">Rosenwald, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://special.lib.umn.edu/findaid/xml/mss081D.xml#a23">"John Rosenwald collection of Robert Bly Great Mother Conference materials, 1975–1978, 1980–1984, 1986–1987, 1990–1995, 2001–2002, 2004–2009"</a>. <i>University of Minnesota Literary Manuscripts Collections, Manuscripts Division</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Minnesota+Literary+Manuscripts+Collections%2C+Manuscripts+Division&rft.atitle=John+Rosenwald+collection+of+Robert+Bly+Great+Mother+Conference+materials%2C+1975%E2%80%931978%2C+1980%E2%80%931984%2C+1986%E2%80%931987%2C+1990%E2%80%931995%2C+2001%E2%80%932002%2C+2004%E2%80%932009&rft.aulast=Rosenwald&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspecial.lib.umn.edu%2Ffindaid%2Fxml%2Fmss081D.xml%23a23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://greatmotherconference.org/">The Great Mother and New Father Conference: A Conference on the Mythopoetic Connection</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pw.org/content/university_minnesota_acquires_robert_bly_archive_775000">"University of Minnesota Acquires Robert Bly Archive for $775,000"</a>. <i>Poets & Writers</i>. October 30, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Poets+%26+Writers&rft.atitle=University+of+Minnesota+Acquires+Robert+Bly+Archive+for+%24775%2C000&rft.date=2006-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pw.org%2Fcontent%2Funiversity_minnesota_acquires_robert_bly_archive_775000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/01/arts/01arts-APOETLAUREAT_BRF.html?ref=arts">"A Poet Laureate for Minnesota"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. March 1, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 2,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Poet+Laureate+for+Minnesota&rft.date=2008-03-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F03%2F01%2Farts%2F01arts-APOETLAUREAT_BRF.html%3Fref%3Darts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130523104843/http://www.poetrysociety.org/psa/poetry/blog/announcing_the_2013_frost_medali/">"Announcing the 2013 Frost Medalist, Robert Bly – Poetry Society of America"</a>. May 23, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.poetrysociety.org/psa/poetry/blog/announcing_the_2013_frost_medali/">the original</a> on May 23, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 29,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcing+the+2013+Frost+Medalist%2C+Robert+Bly+%E2%80%93+Poetry+Society+of+America&rft.date=2013-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.poetrysociety.org%2Fpsa%2Fpoetry%2Fblog%2Fannouncing_the_2013_frost_medali%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gc.cuny.edu/Page-Elements/News/2014/March/In-Memoriam-John-Moyne">"In Memoriam: John Moyne"</a>. <i>www.gc.cuny.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gc.cuny.edu&rft.atitle=In+Memoriam%3A+John+Moyne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gc.cuny.edu%2FPage-Elements%2FNews%2F2014%2FMarch%2FIn-Memoriam-John-Moyne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bly, Robert (1990), <i>Iron John: A Book About Men</i>, Da Capo Press, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Iron John</i>, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newdimensions.org/search.php?q=robert+bly&Submit=Search">New Dimensions Media</a>. Retrieved January 18, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bly, Robert (1989). <i>The Human Shadow</i> [audiobook]. Better Listen (remastered 2009).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gioia2002-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gioia2002_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gioia2002_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Can Poetry Matter? Essays on Poetry and American Culture</i> (2002), Dana Gioia, pages 147-162. Greywolf Press, 10th Anniversary ed. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1555973704" title="Special:BookSources/978-1555973704">978-1555973704</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Bly&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.robertbly.com/">Official website</a></span></span> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.poetryfoundation.org/archive/poet.html?id=653">Profile and poems of Bly</a> at <a href="/wiki/Poetry_Foundation" title="Poetry Foundation">Poetry Foundation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/280">Robert Bly profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_American_Poets" title="Academy of American Poets">Academy of American Poets</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://robertblyfilm.com/">2015 Documentary Film Robert Bly: A Thousand Years of Joy</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/artist/Robert+Bly">Robert Bly</a> discography at <a href="/wiki/Discogs" title="Discogs">Discogs</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Interviews</dt></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Francis Quinn (Spring 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/729/the-art-of-poetry-no-79-robert-bly">"Robert Bly, The Art of Poetry No. 79"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Paris_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris Review">Paris Review</a></i>. Spring 2000 (154).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Paris+Review&rft.atitle=Robert+Bly%2C+The+Art+of+Poetry+No.+79&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=Spring+2000&rft.issue=154&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Francis+Quinn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theparisreview.org%2Finterviews%2F729%2Fthe-art-of-poetry-no-79-robert-bly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Bly" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=3145952730483171546">Bill Moyers talks with Poet Robert Bly</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610002326/http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=3145952730483171546">Archived</a> June 10, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/moyers/journal/08312007/transcript1.html">Transcript</a>) at <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.menweb.org/bly-iv.htm">MenWeb – Men's Issues Interview with Robert Bly</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collection.mndigital.org/catalog/p16022coll38:184#/kaltura_video">Interview with Robert Bly</a>, Northern Lights Minnesota Author Interview TV Series #64 (1989)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collection.mndigital.org/catalog/p16022coll38:121#/kaltura_video">Interview with Robert Bly</a> (Part One), Northern Lights Minnesota Author Interview TV Series #483 (2002)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collection.mndigital.org/catalog/p16022coll38:122#/kaltura_video">Interview with Robert Bly</a> (Part Two), Northern Lights Minnesota Author Interview TV Series #484 (2002)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Works</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070318095759/http://openvault.wgbh.org/ntw/MLA000010/index.html:">"Robert Bly reads 'Loon's Cry'"</a> for the WGBH series, New Television Workshop</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/bios/robert_bly/search?contributorName=Robert+Bly">Robert Bly</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130130022448/www.newyorker.com/magazine/bios/robert_bly/search?contributorName=Robert+Bly">Archived</a> January 30, 2013, at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.english.illinois.edu/MAPS/poets/a_f/bly/bly.htm">Modern American Poetry</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190521020658/http://www.english.illinois.edu/MAPS/poets/a_f/bly/bly.htm">Archived</a> May 21, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> critical essays on Bly's works. University of Illinois</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/The_Human_Shadow"><i>The Human Shadow</i></a> and other essays, articles and interviews by Robert Bly. Audio.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/n79054927">Robert Bly</a> at <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> Authorities — with 147 catalog records</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Discrimination#Gender_discrimination" title="Discrimination">Gender discrimination</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gender_equality" title="Gender equality">Gender equality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_marking_in_job_titles" title="Gender marking in job titles">Gender marking in job titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_pay_gap" title="Gender pay gap">Gender pay gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegemonic_masculinity" title="Hegemonic masculinity">Hegemonic masculinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupational_sexism" title="Occupational sexism">Occupational sexism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">Sexual harassment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marriage and reproduction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_of_convenience" title="Marriage of convenience">Marriage of convenience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_abortion" title="Paper abortion">Paper abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paternal_bond" title="Paternal bond">Paternal bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paternal_rights_and_abortion" title="Paternal rights and abortion">Paternal rights and abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paternalism" title="Paternalism">Paternalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paternity_fraud" title="Paternity fraud">Paternity fraud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrilineality" title="Patrilineality">Patrilineality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sperm_theft" class="mw-redirect" title="Sperm theft">Sperm theft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stay-at-home_dad" title="Stay-at-home dad">Stay-at-home dad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tender_years_doctrine" title="Tender years doctrine">Tender years doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trophy_wife" title="Trophy wife">Trophy wife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crime</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_shelter#Male_residents" title="Women's shelter">Men's shelter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_differences_in_crime" title="Sex differences in crime">Sex differences in crime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sexual</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_male_sexuality" title="Human male sexuality">Human male sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testosterone_poisoning" title="Testosterone poisoning">Testosterone poisoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virility" title="Virility">Virility</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herbivore_men" title="Herbivore men">Herbivore men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manosphere" title="Manosphere">Manosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masculine_beauty_ideal" title="Masculine beauty ideal">Masculine beauty ideal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_health" title="Men's health">Men's health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_sex_ratio" title="Human sex ratio">Human sex ratio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D5DFCE;;width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_movement" title="Men's movement">Men's movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_liberation_movement" title="Men's liberation movement">Men's liberation movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_rights_movement" title="Men's rights movement">Men's rights movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_rights_movement_in_India" title="Men's rights movement in India">India</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoetic_men%27s_movement" title="Mythopoetic men's movement">Mythopoetic men's movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men_Going_Their_Own_Way" title="Men Going Their Own Way">Men Going Their Own Way</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Fathers&#039;_rights_movement" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D5DFCE; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement" title="Fathers' rights movement">Fathers' rights movement</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement_by_country" title="Fathers' rights movement by country">By country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement_in_Australia" title="Fathers' rights movement in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement_in_Italy" title="Fathers' rights movement in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fathers' rights movement in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement_in_the_United_States" title="Fathers' rights movement in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D5DFCE;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Bly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Donovan_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Donovan (writer)">Jack Donovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Farrell" title="Warren Farrell">Warren Farrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassie_Jaye" title="Cassie Jaye">Cassie Jaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kimmel" title="Michael Kimmel">Michael Kimmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Messner" title="Michael Messner">Michael Messner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erin_Pizzey" title="Erin Pizzey">Erin Pizzey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettina_Arndt" title="Bettina Arndt">Bettina Arndt</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D5DFCE;;width:1%">Remembrance days</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Men%27s_Day" title="International Men's Day">International Men's Day</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #D5DFCE;;width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Violence" title="Violence">Violence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dating_violence" title="Dating violence">Dating violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence_against_men" title="Domestic violence against men">Domestic violence against men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_circumcision" title="Forced circumcision">Forced circumcision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boys_are_stupid,_throw_rocks_at_them!_controversy" title="Boys are stupid, throw rocks at them! controversy">Boys are stupid, throw rocks at them! controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_tactics_scale" title="Conflict tactics scale">Conflict tactics scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Male_rape" class="mw-redirect" title="Male rape">Male rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misandry" title="Misandry">Misandry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sexism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Androcracy" title="Androcracy">Androcracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androcentrism" title="Androcentrism">Androcentrism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #D5DFCE;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/79847862">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/35480/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqvVPQQvC9j9wcqxhqWjC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118659138">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79054927">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120252745">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120252745">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00433627">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35019688">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000600916&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1158676">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/604347">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070325251">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90091117">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000026238&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000574656&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=73323">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201945344">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/qn246wf859v6zph">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810692222805606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/85820">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007308345605171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14055282">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02686150?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/b8ea3649-9ee8-407c-8c13-ecb27cf170e0">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/793997">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118659138.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118659138">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028412893">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6k39g9c">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Poet_Laureate_of_Minnesota" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:MN_Poets_Laureate" title="Template:MN Poets Laureate"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MN_Poets_Laureate" title="Template talk:MN Poets Laureate"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:MN_Poets_Laureate" title="Special:EditPage/Template:MN Poets Laureate"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Poet_Laureate_of_Minnesota" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Poet_Laureate_of_Minnesota" title="Poet Laureate of Minnesota">Poet Laureate of Minnesota</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Margarette_Ball_Dickson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Margarette Ball Dickson (page does not exist)">Margarette Ball Dickson</a> (1934–1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laurene_Tibbetts-Larson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laurene Tibbetts-Larson (page does not exist)">Laurene Tibbetts-Larson</a> (1974–1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Bly</a> (2008–2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joyce_Sutphen" title="Joyce Sutphen">Joyce Sutphen</a> (2011–2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gwen_Westerman" title="Gwen Westerman">Gwen Westerman</a> (2021–present)</span></li></ul> 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