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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Życie prywatne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Życie_prywatne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uwagi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uwagi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Uwagi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uwagi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ram Nath Kovind</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 80 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-80" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">80 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AB%E1%88%9D_%E1%8A%93%E1%8C%A5_%E1%8A%AE%E1%89%AA%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5" title="ራም ናጥ ኮቪንድ – amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ራም ናጥ ኮቪንድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AF" title="رام نات كوفيند – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رام نات كوفيند" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A5_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6" title="ৰাম নাথ কোৱিন্দ – asamski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰাম নাথ কোৱিন্দ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – azerbejdżański" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdżański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A5_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6" title="রামনাথ কোবিন্দ – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রামনাথ কোবিন্দ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Рам Натх Кавінд – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рам Натх Кавінд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6" title="रामनाथ कोविंद – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रामनाथ कोविंद" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – bretoński" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1m_N%C3%A1th_K%C3%B3vind" title="Rám Náth Kóvind – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rám Náth Kóvind" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B1%CE%BC_%CE%9D%CE%B1%CE%B8_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Ραμ Ναθ Κοβίντ – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ραμ Ναθ Κοβίντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF" title="رام نات کوویند – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رام نات کوویند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – hindi fidżyjskie" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi fidżyjskie" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A5_%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A6" title="રામનાથ કોવિંદ – gudżarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રામનાથ કોવિંદ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudżarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9E%8C_%EB%82%98%ED%8A%B8_%EC%BD%94%EB%B9%88%EB%93%9C" title="람 나트 코빈드 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="람 나트 코빈드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D5%94%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A4" title="Ռամ Քովինդ – ormiański" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռամ Քովինդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ormiański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6" title="राम नाथ कोविन्द – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राम नाथ कोविन्द" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – islandzki" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%AA%27_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%93" title="ראם נאת' קובינד – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ראם נאת' קובינד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A5%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D" title="ರಾಮ್ ನಾಥ್ ಕೋವಿಂದ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಮ್ ನಾಥ್ ಕೋವಿಂದ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%AE_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="რამ ნათხ კოვინდი – gruziński" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რამ ნათხ კოვინდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruziński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Рам Натх Ковинд – kazachski" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Рам Натх Ковинд" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – łaciński" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="łaciński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%81ms_N%C4%81ths_Kovinds" title="Rāms Nāths Kovinds – łotewski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rāms Nāths Kovinds" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="łotewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – luksemburski" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6" title="राम नाथ कोविन्द – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="राम नाथ कोविन्द" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A5%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D" title="റാം നാഥ് കോവിന്ദ് – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റാം നാഥ് കോവിന്ദ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6" title="रामनाथ कोविंद – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रामनाथ कोविंद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%97_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="რამ ნათ კოვინდი – megrelski" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რამ ნათ კოვინდი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megrelski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AF" title="رام نات كوفيند – egipski arabski" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رام نات كوفيند" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egipski arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6" title="राम नाथ कोविन्द – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="राम नाथ कोविन्द" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="ラーム・ナート・コーヴィンド – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラーム・ナート・コーヴィンド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A5_%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A6" title="ରାମନାଥ କୋବିନ୍ଦ – orija" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରାମନାଥ କୋବିନ୍ଦ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="orija" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – uzbecki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A5_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6" title="ਰਾਮ ਨਾਥ ਕੋਵਿੰਦ – pendżabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਾਮ ਨਾਥ ਕੋਵਿੰਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendżabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%BE_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="رام ناتھ کووند – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رام ناتھ کووند" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%DB%90%D9%86%D8%AF" title="رام نات کووېند – paszto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="رام نات کووېند" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paszto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4,_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85" title="Ковинд, Рам Натх – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ковинд, Рам Натх" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%83_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83" title="रामनाथः कोविन्दः – sanskryt" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रामनाथः कोविन्दः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskryt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2_%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%B7_%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%BD" title="ᱨᱟᱢ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱠᱚᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱨᱟᱢ ᱱᱟᱛᱷ ᱠᱚᱵᱤᱱᱫᱽ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9D%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A" title="රාම් නාත් කෝවින්ද් – syngaleski" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රාම් නාත් කෝවින්ද්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="syngaleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3_%DA%A9%DB%86%DA%A4%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ڕام ناس کۆڤیند – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕام ناس کۆڤیند" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Рам Нат Ковинд – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рам Нат Ковинд" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D" title="ராம் நாத் கோவிந்த் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ராம் நாத் கோவிந்த்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A5%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D" title="రామ్‌నాథ్ కోవింద్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రామ్‌నాథ్ కోవింద్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1_%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%96_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8C" title="ราม นาถ โกวินท์ – tajski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราม นาถ โกวินท์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D2%B3_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Рам Натҳ Ковинд – tadżycki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Рам Натҳ Ковинд" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadżycki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A5_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D" title="ರಾಮನಾಥ ಕೋವಿಂದ್ – tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ರಾಮನಾಥ ಕೋವಿಂದ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%85_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Рам Натх Ковінд – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рам Натх Ковінд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%BE_%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="رام ناتھ کووند – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رام ناتھ کووند" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Ram Nath Kovind – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ram Nath Kovind" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%B8%A9%E5%BE%B7" title="拉姆·纳特·科温德 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="拉姆·纳特·科温德" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" 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.infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">Ram Nath Kovind</div><div class="iboxt-2"><span style="font-style: normal;" lang="hi">राम कोविन्द</span></div> </caption> <tbody><tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Ram_Nath_Kovind_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ilustracja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ram_Nath_Kovind_official_portrait.jpg/192px-Ram_Nath_Kovind_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="192" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ram_Nath_Kovind_official_portrait.jpg/288px-Ram_Nath_Kovind_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ram_Nath_Kovind_official_portrait.jpg/384px-Ram_Nath_Kovind_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5695" data-file-height="7118" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data i miejsce urodzenia </th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap">1 października 1945</span> <br />Paraunkh </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#EAECF0; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Prezydenci_Indii" title="Prezydenci Indii">Prezydent Indii</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Okres </th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap">od 25 lipca 2017</span><br /> <span style="white-space:nowrap">do 25 lipca 2022</span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Przynależność polityczna </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Indyjska_Partia_Ludowa" title="Indyjska Partia Ludowa">Indyjska Partia Ludowa</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Wiceprezydent" title="Wiceprezydent">Wiceprezydent</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Hamid_Ansari" title="Mohammad Hamid Ansari">Mohammad Hamid Ansari</a><sup id="cite_ref-dosier_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dosier-1">[a]</a></sup><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venkaiah_Naidu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venkaiah Naidu (strona nie istnieje)">Venkaiah Naidu</a><sup id="cite_ref-odsier_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-odsier-2">[b]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[1]</a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Poprzednik </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Pranab_Mukherjee" title="Pranab Mukherjee">Pranab Mukherjee</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Następca </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Draupadi_Murmu" title="Draupadi Murmu">Draupadi Murmu</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ram_Nath_Kovind" title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/42px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ram_Nath_Kovind" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ram Nath Kovind">Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Ram Nath Kovind</b> (<a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_hindi" title="Język hindi">hindi</a> <span style="font-style: normal;" lang="hi">राम नाथ कोविन्द</span>, ur. <a href="/wiki/1_pa%C5%BAdziernika" title="1 października">1 października</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> we wsi Paraunkh<sup id="cite_ref-bio_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-4">[2]</a></sup>) – <a href="/wiki/Indie" title="Indie">indyjski</a> prawnik i <a href="/wiki/Polityka" title="Polityka">polityk</a>, od 25 lipca 2017 do 25 lipca 2022 <a href="/wiki/Prezydenci_Indii" title="Prezydenci Indii">prezydent Indii</a><sup id="cite_ref-rulers_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rulers-5">[3]</a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Życiorys"><span id=".C5.BByciorys"></span>Życiorys</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Nath_Kovind&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Życiorys" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Nath_Kovind&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Życiorys"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wywodzi się z kasty <a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">pariasów</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[4]</a></sup>. Ukończył studia na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kanpur_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kanpur University (strona nie istnieje)">Kanpur University</a>. Z zawodu jest adwokatem. Jako prawnik reprezentował rząd federalny przy Wysokim Sądzie w Delhi (1977–1979) i <a href="/wiki/S%C4%85d_Najwy%C5%BCszy_Indii" title="Sąd Najwyższy Indii">Sądzie Najwyższym</a> (1982–1984). W latach 1994–2006 zasiadał w <a href="/wiki/Parlament_Indii" title="Parlament Indii">indyjskim parlamencie</a>. W latach 2015–2017 był gubernatorem <a href="/wiki/Podzia%C5%82_administracyjny_Indii" title="Podział administracyjny Indii">stanu</a> <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a><sup id="cite_ref-bio_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-4">[2]</a></sup>. </p><p>Był jednym z liderów <a href="/wiki/Indyjska_Partia_Ludowa" title="Indyjska Partia Ludowa">Indyjskiej Partii Ludowej</a>, nominację na urząd prezydenta uzyskał z ramienia <a href="/wiki/Narodowy_Sojusz_Demokratyczny" title="Narodowy Sojusz Demokratyczny">Narodowego Sojuszu Demokratycznego</a>. </p><p>Urząd <a href="/wiki/Prezydenci_Indii" title="Prezydenci Indii">prezydenta Indii</a> objął 25 lipca 2017, zastępując <a href="/wiki/Pranab_Mukherjee" title="Pranab Mukherjee">Pranaba Mukherjee</a><sup id="cite_ref-rulers_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rulers-5">[3]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Życie_prywatne"><span id=".C5.BBycie_prywatne"></span>Życie prywatne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Nath_Kovind&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Życie prywatne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Nath_Kovind&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Życie prywatne"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jest żonaty od 1974, ma dwójkę dzieci: syna i córkę<sup id="cite_ref-bio_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bio-4">[2]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Nath_Kovind&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Nath_Kovind&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Bijin Jose: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/venkaiah-naidu-vice-president-of-india-bjp-union-minister/1/1023615.html">Venkaiah Naidu sworn-in as the Vice-President of India</a>. India Today, 11 sierpnia 2017. [dostęp 2017-08-11]. <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bio-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_4-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_4-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-bio_4-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://presidentofindia.nic.in/profile.htm">Profile of the President</a>. President of India. [dostęp 2017-08-01]. <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rulers-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rulers_5-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rulers_5-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">B. Schemmel: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rulers.org/ruli.html#india">Rulers: India. Presidents</a>. rulers.org. [dostęp 2017-07-28]. <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forumdwutygodnik.pl/artykuly/1714950,1,ram-nath-kovind--prezydent-z-kasty-nietykalnych.read"><i>Ram Nath Kovind – prezydent z kasty nietykalnych</i></a> [online]<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2017-08-09]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Ram+Nath+Kovind+%E2%80%93+prezydent+z+kasty+nietykalnych&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forumdwutygodnik.pl%2Fartykuly%2F1714950%2C1%2Cram-nath-kovind--prezydent-z-kasty-nietykalnych.read" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list tylko-pl">(<abbr title="Treść w języku polskim">pol.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uwagi">Uwagi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Nath_Kovind&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj sekcję: Uwagi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Nath_Kovind&action=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Uwagi"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection refsection-uwagi ll-script ll-script-uwagi"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dosier-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dosier_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Do 11 sierpnia 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-odsier-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-odsier_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Od 11 sierpnia 2017.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox do-not-make-smaller mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="pokaż" data-collapsetext="ukryj"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74983602">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin:auto;text-align:center;padding:3px;margin-top:1em;clear:both}.mw-parser-output table.navbox:not(.pionowy){width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{border-top:0;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox.pionowy{width:250px;float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 0.4em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .navbox.pionowy .before,.mw-parser-output .navbox.pionowy .after{padding:0.5em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>.caption,.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr>th{background:#ccf;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navbox .tnavbar{font-weight:normal;font-size:xx-small;white-space:nowrap;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox>.tnavbar{margin-left:1em;float:left}.mw-parser-output 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.opis{background:#715f00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a2,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a2 .opis{background:#5f5f5f}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a3,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a3 .opis{background:#764617}}</style><ul class="tnavbar noprint plainlinks hlist"><li><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Prezydenci_Indii" title="Szablon:Prezydenci Indii"><span title="Pokaż ten szablon">p</span></a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja_szablonu:Prezydenci_Indii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dyskusja szablonu:Prezydenci Indii (strona nie istnieje)"><span title="Dyskusja na temat tego szablonu">d</span></a></li><li title="Możesz edytować ten szablon. Użyj przycisku podglądu przed zapisaniem zmian."><a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Prezydenci_Indii&action=edit">e</a></li></ul><div class="navbox-title caption"><a href="/wiki/Prezydenci_Indii" title="Prezydenci Indii">Prezydenci Indii</a></div><div class="mw-collapsible-content flex"><table class="navbox-main-content inner-standard"><tbody><tr class="a1"><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list spis hlist navbox-odd"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rajendra_Prasad" title="Rajendra Prasad">Rajendra Prasad</a> <small>(1950–1962)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarvepalli_Radhakrishnan" title="Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan">Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan</a> <small>(1962–1967)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakir_Hussain" title="Zakir Hussain">Zakir Hussain</a> <small>(1967–1969)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varahagiri_Venkata_Giri" title="Varahagiri Venkata Giri">Varahagiri Venkata Giri</a> <small>(1969–1974)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fakhruddin_Ali_Ahmed" title="Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed">Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed</a> <small>(1974–1977)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neelam_Sanjiva_Reddy" title="Neelam Sanjiva Reddy">Neelam Sanjiva Reddy</a> <small>(1977–1982)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giani_Zail_Singh" title="Giani Zail Singh">Giani Zail Singh</a> <small>(1982–1987)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramaswamy_Venkataraman" title="Ramaswamy Venkataraman">Ramaswamy Venkataraman</a> <small>(1987–1992)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankar_Dayal_Sharma" title="Shankar Dayal Sharma">Shankar Dayal Sharma</a> <small>(1992–1997)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kocheril_Raman_Narayanan" title="Kocheril Raman Narayanan">Kocheril Raman Narayanan</a> <small>(1997–2002)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A.P.J._Abdul_Kalam" title="A.P.J. Abdul Kalam">Abdul Kalam</a> <small>(2002–2007)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratibha_Patil" title="Pratibha Patil">Pratibha Patil</a> <small>(2007–2012)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranab_Mukherjee" title="Pranab Mukherjee">Pranab Mukherjee</a> <small>(2012–2017)</small></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ram Nath Kovind</a> <small>(2017-2022)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draupadi_Murmu" title="Draupadi Murmu">Draupadi Murmu</a> <small>(od 2022)</small></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-after after"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Emblem_of_India.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_India.svg/50px-Emblem_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_India.svg/75px-Emblem_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Emblem_of_India.svg/100px-Emblem_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="933" /></a></span> </p> </div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-p"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description">osoba</span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000498790601">0000000498790601</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/14150565695906252633">14150565695906252633</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/n2017245728">n2017245728</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/1215942761">1215942761</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_(Warszawa)" title="Biblioteka Narodowa (Warszawa)">PLWABN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810532417105606">9810532417105606</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_PWN_(internetowa)" title="Encyklopedia PWN (internetowa)">PWN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;6706097.html">6706097</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ram-Nath-Kovind">biography/Ram-Nath-Kovind</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Treccani</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ram-nath-kovind">ram-nath-kovind</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalencyklopedin" title="Nationalencyklopedin">NE.se</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/ram-nath-kovind">ram-nath-kovind</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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