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class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en">Emerging technologies</h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content"> <div id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> <div id="contentSub"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-head">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="hatnote">For specific emerging technologies, see the <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emerging_technologies" title="List of emerging technologies">List of emerging technologies</a></div> <p>An <b>emerging technology</b> (as distinguished from a conventional technology) is a field of technology that broaches new territory in some significant way, with <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_change" title="Technological change">new technological developments</a>. Examples of currently emerging technologies include <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology" title="Educational technology">educational technology</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology" title="Nanotechnology">nanotechnology</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_science" title="Cognitive science">cognitive science</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics" title="Robotics">robotics</a>, and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>New technological fields may result from the <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_convergence" title="Technological convergence">technological convergence</a> of different systems evolving towards similar goals. Convergence brings previously separate technologies such as voice (and telephony features), data (and productivity applications) and video together so that they share resources and interact with each other, creating new efficiencies.</p> <p>Emerging technologies are those technical innovations which represent progressive developments within a field for <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_competition" title="Economic competition" class="mw-redirect">competitive advantage</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> converging technologies represent previously distinct fields which are in some way moving towards stronger inter-connection and similar goals. However, the opinion on the degree of impact, status and economic viability of several emerging and converging technologies vary.</p> <p></p> <div id="toc" class="toc"> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History_of_emerging_technologies"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History of emerging technologies</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Emerging_technology_debates"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Emerging technology debates</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Acronyms"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Acronyms</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Examples"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Artificial_intelligence"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Artificial intelligence</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Cancer_vaccines"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Cancer vaccines</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#In_vitro_meat"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext"><i>In vitro</i> meat</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Nanotechnology"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">Nanotechnology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Robotics"><span class="tocnumber">4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Robotics</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Stem_cell_therapy"><span class="tocnumber">4.6</span> <span class="toctext">Stem cell therapy</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <p></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History_of_emerging_technologies">History of emerging technologies</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History of emerging technologies">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_technology" title="History of technology">History of technology</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_technology" title="History of technology">history of technology</a>, emerging technologies<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> are contemporary advances and innovation in various fields of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a>.</p> <p>Over centuries, innovative methods and new technologies are developed and opened up. Some of these technologies are due to theoretical research, and others from commercial <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">research and development</a>.</p> <p>Technological growth includes incremental developments and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disruptive_technology" title="Disruptive technology" class="mw-redirect">disruptive technologies</a>. An example of the former was the gradual roll-out of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> (digital video disc) as a development intended to follow on from the previous optical technology <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">compact disc</a>. By contrast, disruptive technologies are those where a new method replaces the previous technology and make it redundant, for example, the replacement of horse-drawn carriages by automobiles.</p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Emerging_technology_debates">Emerging technology debates</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Emerging technology debates">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="hatnote boilerplate seealso">See also: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_and_society" title="Technology and society">Technology and society</a></div> <p>Many writers, including <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_scientist" title="Computer scientist">computer scientist</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Joy" title="Bill Joy">Bill Joy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> have identified clusters of technologies that they consider critical to humanity's future. Joy warns that the technology could be used by elites for <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_and_evil" title="Good and evil">good</a> or <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evil" title="Evil">evil</a>. They could use it as "good shepherds" for the rest of humanity, or decide everyone else is superfluous and push for mass extinction of those made unnecessary by technology.<sup id="cite_ref-Joy_2000_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Joy_2000-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Advocates of the benefits of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_change" title="Technological change">technological change</a> typically see emerging and converging technologies as offering hope for the betterment of the <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_condition" title="Human condition">human condition</a>. Cyberphilosophers <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Bard" title="Alexander Bard">Alexander Bard</a> and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_S%C3%B6derqvist" title="Jan Söderqvist">Jan Söderqvist</a> argue in <i>The Futurica Trilogy</i> that while Man himself is basically constant throughout human history (<a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genes</a> change very slowly), all relevant change is rather a direct or indirect result of technological innovation (<a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memetics" title="Memetics">memes</a> change very fast) since new ideas always emanate from technology use and not the other way around.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> Man should consequently be regarded as history's main constant and technology as its main variable. However, critics of the risks of technological change, and even some advocates such as <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transhumanist" title="Transhumanist" class="mw-redirect">transhumanist</a> philosopher <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Bostrom" title="Nick Bostrom">Nick Bostrom</a>, warn that some of these technologies could pose dangers, perhaps even contribute to the <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_extinction" title="Human extinction">extinction of humanity</a> itself; i.e., some of them could involve <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existential_risk" title="Existential risk" class="mw-redirect">existential risks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bostrom_2002_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bostrom_2002-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Much <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics_of_technology" title="Ethics of technology">ethical debate</a> centers on issues of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributive_justice" title="Distributive justice">distributive justice</a> in allocating access to beneficial forms of technology. Some thinkers, such as <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_ethics" title="Environmental ethics">environmental ethicist</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_McKibben" title="Bill McKibben">Bill McKibben</a>, oppose the continuing development of advanced technology partly out of fear that its benefits will be distributed unequally in ways that could worsen the <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_inequality" title="Economic inequality">plight of the poor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McKibben_2003_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McKibben_2003-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> By contrast, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inventor" title="Inventor" class="mw-redirect">inventor</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Kurzweil" title="Ray Kurzweil">Ray Kurzweil</a> is among <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Techno-utopianism" title="Techno-utopianism" class="mw-redirect">techno-utopians</a> who believe that emerging and converging technologies could and will <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_scarcity" title="Post scarcity" class="mw-redirect">eliminate poverty</a> and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abolitionism_(bioethics)" title="Abolitionism (bioethics)">abolish suffering</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kurzweil_2005_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kurzweil_2005-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Some analysts such as Martin Ford, author of <i>The Lights in the Tunnel: Automation, Accelerating Technology and the Economy of the Future</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Ford2009Lights_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ford2009Lights-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> argue that as information technology advances, robots and other forms of automation will ultimately result in significant <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment" title="Unemployment">unemployment</a> as machines and software begin to match and exceed the capability of workers to perform most routine jobs.</p> <p>As robotics and artificial intelligence develop further, even many skilled jobs may be threatened. Technologies such as machine learning<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> may ultimately allow computers to do many knowledge-based jobs that require significant education. This may result in substantial unemployment at all skill levels, stagnant or falling wages for most workers, and increased concentration of income and wealth as the owners of capital capture an ever larger fraction of the economy. This in turn could lead to depressed consumer spending and economic growth as the bulk of the population lacks sufficient discretionary income to purchase the products and services produced by the economy.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup><br style="clear:both;"/></p> <div class="hatnote boilerplate seealso">See also: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_innovation_system" title="Technological innovation system">Technological innovation system</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_utopianism" title="Technological utopianism">Technological utopianism</a> and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Techno-progressivism" title="Techno-progressivism">Techno-progressivism</a></div> <div class="hatnote boilerplate seealso">See also: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_research_in_evolutionary_biology" title="Current research in evolutionary biology" class="mw-redirect">Current research in evolutionary biology</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioconservatism" title="Bioconservatism" class="mw-redirect">Bioconservatism</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioethics" title="Bioethics">Bioethics</a> and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopolitics" title="Biopolitics">Biopolitics</a></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Acronyms">Acronyms</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Acronyms">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p><b>NBIC</b>, an acronym for <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology" title="Nanotechnology"><b>N</b>anotechnology</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology"><b>B</b>iotechnology</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology"><b>I</b>nformation technology</a> and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_science" title="Cognitive science"><b>C</b>ognitive science</a>, was, in 2014, the most popular term for emerging and converging technologies. It was introduced into public discourse through the publication of <i><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Converging_Technologies_for_Improving_Human_Performance" title="Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance">Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance</a></i>, a report sponsored in part by the U.S. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Science_Foundation" title="National Science Foundation">National Science Foundation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Roco_and_Bainbridge_2004_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roco_and_Bainbridge_2004-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Various other acronyms have been offered for the same concept such as GNR (<a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics"><b>G</b>enetics</a>, <b>N</b>anotechnology and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics" title="Robotics"><b>R</b>obotics</a>) (<a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Joy" title="Bill Joy">Bill Joy</a>, 2000, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_The_Future_Doesn%27t_Need_Us" title="Why The Future Doesn't Need Us">Why the future doesn't need us</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup>). Journalist <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Garreau" title="Joel Garreau">Joel Garreau</a> in <i><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_Evolution" title="Radical Evolution">Radical Evolution</a>: The Promise and Peril of Enhancing Our Minds, Our Bodies — and What It Means to Be Human</i> uses "GRIN", for <b>G</b>enetic, <b>R</b>obotic, <b>I</b>nformation, and <b>N</b>ano processes,<sup id="cite_ref-Garreau_2005_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garreau_2005-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_journalist" title="Science journalist" class="mw-redirect">science journalist</a> Douglas Mulhall in <i>Our Molecular Future: How Nanotechnology, Robotics, Genetics and Artificial Intelligence Will Transform Our World</i> uses "GRAIN", for <b>G</b>enetics, <b>R</b>obotics, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence"><b>A</b>rtificial <b>I</b>ntelligence</a>, and <b>N</b>anotechnology.<sup id="cite_ref-Mulhall_2002_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mulhall_2002-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup> Another acronym coined by the <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Appropriate_technology_organizations" title="Category:Appropriate technology organizations">appropriate technology organization</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ETC_Group_(AGETC)" title="ETC Group (AGETC)">ETC Group</a> is "BANG" for "<a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit" title="Bit"><b>B</b>its</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom" title="Atom"><b>A</b>toms</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuron" title="Neuron"><b>N</b>eurons</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene" title="Gene"><b>G</b>enes</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-ETC_Group_2003_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ETC_Group_2003-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <table class="toccolours" style="float:right; clear:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em;"> <tr> <td style="background:#79aaf7; text-align:center;"> <p><strong class="center" style="color:white;">Emerging technologies</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Fuel_cell_NASA_p48600ac.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Fuel_cell_NASA_p48600ac.jpg/94px-Fuel_cell_NASA_p48600ac.jpg" width="94" height="120" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Fuel_cell_NASA_p48600ac.jpg/141px-Fuel_cell_NASA_p48600ac.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Fuel_cell_NASA_p48600ac.jpg/189px-Fuel_cell_NASA_p48600ac.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1115" data-file-height="1418"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell" title="Fuel cell">Fuel cell stack</a><br/> <small>Direct-methanol cell.</small></p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:41px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Li-air-solidstate.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Li-air-solidstate.jpg/120px-Li-air-solidstate.jpg" width="120" height="68" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Li-air-solidstate.jpg/180px-Li-air-solidstate.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Li-air-solidstate.jpg/240px-Li-air-solidstate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3586" data-file-height="2035"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium%E2%80%93air_battery#Solid_state" title="Lithium–air battery">Solid-state air batteries</a><br/> <small><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium%E2%80%93air_battery" title="Lithium–air battery">Li-Air composition</a></small></p> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:18px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Memristor.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/Memristor.jpg/120px-Memristor.jpg" width="120" height="114" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/Memristor.jpg/180px-Memristor.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9f/Memristor.jpg/240px-Memristor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="341"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memristors" title="Memristors" class="mw-redirect">Memristors arrays</a>.<br/> <small><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_depletion" title="Oxygen depletion" class="mw-redirect">Anoxic</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanium_dioxide" title="Titanium dioxide"><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">TiO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:85%;text-align:left"><br/> 2</span></span></a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_element" title="Circuit element" class="mw-redirect">element</a>.</small></p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:48.5px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:3DS_die_stacking_concept_model.PNG" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/3DS_die_stacking_concept_model.PNG/120px-3DS_die_stacking_concept_model.PNG" width="120" height="53" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/3DS_die_stacking_concept_model.PNG/180px-3DS_die_stacking_concept_model.PNG 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/3DS_die_stacking_concept_model.PNG/240px-3DS_die_stacking_concept_model.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="440"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-dimensional_integrated_circuit" title="Three-dimensional integrated circuit">3D IC components</a>.<br/> <small><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master/slave_(technology)" title="Master/slave (technology)">Master and the slave</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuitboard" title="Circuitboard" class="mw-redirect">boards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup></small></p> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Semantic-web-stack.png" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/37/Semantic-web-stack.png/110px-Semantic-web-stack.png" width="110" height="120" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/37/Semantic-web-stack.png/165px-Semantic-web-stack.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/37/Semantic-web-stack.png/220px-Semantic-web-stack.png 2x" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="430"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p>The <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Web_Stack" title="Semantic Web Stack">Semantic Web Stack</a><br/> <small>Semantic layer architecture</small></p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:RFID_antenna_2007.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/RFID_antenna_2007.jpg/80px-RFID_antenna_2007.jpg" width="80" height="120" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/RFID_antenna_2007.jpg/120px-RFID_antenna_2007.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/RFID_antenna_2007.jpg/160px-RFID_antenna_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1196" data-file-height="1794"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification" title="Radio-frequency identification">RFID Transcievers</a>.<br/> <small><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless_power" title="Wireless power">Activates <i>passive</i></a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RFID_chip" title="RFID chip" class="mw-redirect">RFID chip</a>.</small></p> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DARPA_Exoskeleton.tiff" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/DARPA_Exoskeleton.tiff/lossy-page1-94px-DARPA_Exoskeleton.tiff.jpg" width="94" height="120" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/DARPA_Exoskeleton.tiff/lossy-page1-142px-DARPA_Exoskeleton.tiff.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/DARPA_Exoskeleton.tiff/lossy-page1-189px-DARPA_Exoskeleton.tiff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="470"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA" title="DARPA">DARPA</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powered_exoskeleton" title="Powered exoskeleton">Power armatura</a><br/> <small><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromechanic" title="Electromechanic" class="mw-redirect">Electromechanical</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exoskeleton" title="Exoskeleton">exoskeleton</a></small></p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:35px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Amazone_BoniRob_Feldroboter-Entwicklungsprojekt.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Amazone_BoniRob_Feldroboter-Entwicklungsprojekt.jpg/120px-Amazone_BoniRob_Feldroboter-Entwicklungsprojekt.jpg" width="120" height="80" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Amazone_BoniRob_Feldroboter-Entwicklungsprojekt.jpg/180px-Amazone_BoniRob_Feldroboter-Entwicklungsprojekt.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Amazone_BoniRob_Feldroboter-Entwicklungsprojekt.jpg/240px-Amazone_BoniRob_Feldroboter-Entwicklungsprojekt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="532"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_robot" title="Agricultural robot">Agri-robot farming</a>.<br/> <small><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tillage" title="Tillage">Cultivation</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot" title="Robot">'bots</a> and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_husbandry" title="Animal husbandry">husbandry</a>.</small></p> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Conceptual_vortex_engine.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Conceptual_vortex_engine.jpg/116px-Conceptual_vortex_engine.jpg" width="116" height="120" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Conceptual_vortex_engine.jpg/174px-Conceptual_vortex_engine.jpg 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Conceptual_vortex_engine.jpg/232px-Conceptual_vortex_engine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="631"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_engine" title="Vortex engine">Atmo-vortex engines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span>[</span>21<span>]</span></a></sup><br/> <small><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex" title="Vortex">Vortex</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_generator" title="Electrical generator" class="mw-redirect">generators</a></small></p> </div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px;"> <div style="margin:15px auto;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hydrogen_maser.gif" class="image"><img alt="" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Hydrogen_maser.gif/92px-Hydrogen_maser.gif" width="92" height="120" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Hydrogen_maser.gif/137px-Hydrogen_maser.gif 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Hydrogen_maser.gif/183px-Hydrogen_maser.gif 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="694"/></a></div> </div> <div class="gallerytext"> <p><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_weapon" title="Electromagnetic weapon" class="mw-redirect">Electromagnetic weapons</a>.<br/> <small><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">Hydrogen</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrodeless_plasma_excitation" title="Electrodeless plasma excitation">rf plasma discharger</a></small></p> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> </table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Examples">Examples</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Examples">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emerging_technologies" title="List of emerging technologies">List of emerging technologies</a></div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Artificial_intelligence">Artificial intelligence</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Artificial intelligence">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main articles: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence</a> and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Outline of artificial intelligence">Outline of artificial intelligence</a></div> <p><i>Artificial intelligence</i> (<i>AI</i>) is the intelligence exhibited by machines or software, and the branch of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a> that develops machines and software with human-like intelligence. Major AI researchers and textbooks define the field as "the study and design of intelligent agents", where an <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_agent" title="Intelligent agent">intelligent agent</a> is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McCarthy_(computer_scientist)" title="John McCarthy (computer scientist)">John McCarthy</a>, who coined the term in 1955, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines".</p> <p>The central problems (or goals) of AI research include reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing" title="Natural language processing">natural language processing</a> (communication), <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perception" title="Perception">perception</a> and the ability to move and manipulate objects. General intelligence (or "<a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_general_intelligence" title="Artificial general intelligence">strong AI</a>") is still among the field's long-term goals. Currently popular approaches include deep learning, statistical methods, computational intelligence and traditional symbolic AI. There are an enormous number of tools used in AI, including versions of search and mathematical optimization, logic, methods based on probability and economics, and many others.</p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Cancer_vaccines">Cancer vaccines</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cancer vaccines">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_vaccine" title="Cancer vaccine">Cancer vaccine</a></div> <p>A <i>cancer vaccine</i> is a <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine" title="Vaccine">vaccine</a> that treats existing <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a> or prevents the development of cancer in certain high-risk individuals. Vaccines that treat existing cancer are known as <i>therapeutic</i> cancer vaccines. There are currently no vaccines able to prevent cancer in general.</p> <p>On April 14, 2009, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendreon" title="Dendreon">Dendreon</a> Corporation announced that their Phase III clinical trial of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provenge" title="Provenge" class="mw-redirect">Provenge</a>, a cancer vaccine designed to treat prostate cancer, had demonstrated an increase in survival. It received <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration_(United_States)" title="Food and Drug Administration (United States)" class="mw-redirect">U.S. Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) approval for use in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer patients on April 29, 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup> The approval of Provenge has stimulated interest in this type of therapy.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span>[</span>23<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="In_vitro_meat"><i>In vitro</i> meat</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In vitro meat">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_vitro_meat" title="In vitro meat">In vitro meat</a></div> <p><i>In vitro meat</i>, also called <i>cultured meat</i>, <i>cruelty-free meat</i>, <i>shmeat</i>, and <i>test-tube meat</i>, is an animal-flesh product that has never been part of a living animal with exception of the <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetal_calf_serum" title="Fetal calf serum" class="mw-redirect">fetal calf serum</a> taken from a slaughtered cow. In the 21st century, several research projects have worked on <i>in vitro</i> meat in the laboratory.<sup id="cite_ref-time_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-time-24"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup> The <a href="#First_public_trial">first in vitro beefburger</a>, created by a Dutch team, was eaten at a demonstration for the press in London in August 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC5Aug_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC5Aug-25"><span>[</span>25<span>]</span></a></sup> There remain difficulties to be overcome before <i>in vitro</i> meat becomes commercially available.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span>[</span>26<span>]</span></a></sup> Cultured meat is prohibitively expensive, but it is expected that the cost could be reduced to compete with that of conventionally obtained meat as technology improves.<sup id="cite_ref-no-kill_carnivore_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-no-kill_carnivore-27"><span>[</span>27<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pharma_Concepts_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pharma_Concepts-28"><span>[</span>28<span>]</span></a></sup> <i>In vitro</i> meat is also an ethical issue. Some argue that it is less objectionable than traditionally obtained meat because it doesn't involve killing and reduces the risk of animal cruelty, while others disagree with eating meat that has not developed naturally.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Nanotechnology">Nanotechnology</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Nanotechnology">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main articles: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology" title="Nanotechnology">Nanotechnology</a> and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_nanotechnology" title="Outline of nanotechnology">Outline of nanotechnology</a></div> <p><i>Nanotechnology</i> (sometimes shortened to <i>nanotech</i>) is the manipulation of matter on an <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atomic</a>, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular" title="Molecular" class="mw-redirect">molecular</a>, and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supramolecular_complex" title="Supramolecular complex" class="mw-redirect">supramolecular</a> scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology<sup id="cite_ref-Engines1_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Engines1-29"><span>[</span>29<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nanotsystems_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nanotsystems-30"><span>[</span>30<span>]</span></a></sup> referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_nanotechnology" title="Molecular nanotechnology">molecular nanotechnology</a>. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Nanotechnology_Initiative" title="National Nanotechnology Initiative">National Nanotechnology Initiative</a>, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers" title="Nanometers" class="mw-redirect">nanometers</a>. This definition reflects the fact that <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" title="Quantum mechanics">quantum mechanical</a> effects are important at this <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_realm" title="Quantum realm">quantum-realm</a> scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold.</p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Robotics">Robotics</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Robotics">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main articles: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics" title="Robotics">Robotics</a> and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_robotics" title="Outline of robotics">Outline of robotics</a></div> <p><i>Robotics</i> is the branch of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a> that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot" title="Robot">robots</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-OED_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-31"><span>[</span>31<span>]</span></a></sup> as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing. These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans in dangerous environments or manufacturing processes, or resemble humans in appearance, behavior, and/or cognition. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-inspired_robotics" title="Bio-inspired robotics">bio-inspired robotics</a>.</p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Stem_cell_therapy">Stem cell therapy</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Stem cell therapy">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <div class="hatnote relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_therapy" title="Stem cell therapy">Stem cell therapy</a></div> <p><i>Stem cell therapy</i> is an intervention strategy that introduces new adult stem cells into damaged tissue in order to treat disease or injury. Many <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_research" title="Medical research">medical researchers</a> believe that stem cell treatments have the potential to change the face of human disease and alleviate suffering.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span>[</span>32<span>]</span></a></sup> The ability of <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell" title="Stem cell">stem cells</a> to self-renew and give rise to subsequent generations with variable degrees of differentiation capacities,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span>[</span>33<span>]</span></a></sup> offers significant potential for generation of tissues that can potentially replace diseased and damaged areas in the body, with minimal risk of rejection and side effects.</p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="noprint portal tright" style="border:solid #aaa 1px;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em"> <table style="background:#f9f9f9;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;max-width:175px"> <tr style="vertical-align:middle"> <td style="text-align:center"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Telecom-icon.svg" class="image"><img alt="Portal icon" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/28px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" width="28" height="28" class="noviewer" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/42px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/56px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500"/></a></td> <td style="padding:0 0.2em;vertical-align:middle;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology">Technology portal</a></td> </tr> </table> </div> <table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:auto;"> <tr> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerating_change" title="Accelerating change">Accelerating change</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law" title="Moore's law">Moore's law</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foresight_(futures_studies)" title="Foresight (futures studies)">Foresight</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_energy_development" title="Future energy development" class="mw-redirect">Future energy development</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futures_studies" title="Futures studies">Futures studies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_enhancement" title="Human enhancement">Human enhancement</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_for_Ethics_and_Emerging_Technologies" title="Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies">Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies</a></li> </ul> </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_on_Biotechnology_and_the_Human_Future" title="Institute on Biotechnology and the Human Future">Institute on Biotechnology and the Human Future</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_AI" title="Strong AI" class="mw-disambig">Strong AI</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI-complete" title="AI-complete">AI-complete</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transhumanism" title="Transhumanism">Transhumanism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wetware_computer" title="Wetware computer">Wetware computer</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whole_brain_emulation" title="Whole brain emulation" class="mw-redirect">Whole brain emulation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Upcoming_software" title="Category:Upcoming software">Upcoming software</a></li> </ul> </td> </tr> </table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <dl> <dt>General</dt> </dl> <ul> <li>Giersch, H. (1982). Emerging technologies: Consequences for economic growth, structural change, and employment : symposium 1981. Tübingen: Mohr.</li> <li>Jones-Garmil, K. (1997). The wired museum: Emerging technology and changing paradigms. Washington, DC: American Association of Museums.</li> <li>Kaldis, Byron (2010). "Converging Technologies". Sage Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology and Society, Thousand Oaks: CA, Sage</li> </ul> <dl> <dt>Law and policy</dt> </dl> <ul> <li>Branscomb, L. M. (1993). Empowering technology: Implementing a U.S. strategy. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.</li> <li>Raysman, R., & Raysman, R. (2002). Emerging technologies and the law: Forms and analysis. Commercial law intellectual property series. New York, N.Y.: Law Journal Press.</li> </ul> <dl> <dt>Information and learning</dt> </dl> <ul> <li>Hung, D., & Khine, M. S. (2006). Engaged learning with emerging technologies. Dordrecht: Springer.</li> <li>Kendall, K. E. (1999). Emerging information technologies: Improving decisions, cooperation, and infrastructure. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications.</li> </ul> <dl> <dt>Other</dt> </dl> <ul> <li>Cavin, R. K., & Liu, W. (1996). Emerging technologies: Designing low power digital systems. [New York]: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.</li> </ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <dl> <dt>Footnotes</dt> </dl> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">other examples of developments described as "emerging technologies" can be found <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://conferences.oreillynet.com/pub/w/18/keynotes.html">here</a> - O'Reilly Emerging Technology Conference 2008 .</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">International Congress Innovation and Technology XXI: Strategies and Policies Towards the XXI Century, & Soares, O. D. D. (1997). Innovation and technology: Strategies and policies. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Emerging Technologies: From Hindsight to Foresight. Edited by Edna F. Einsiedel. UBC Press.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Emerging technologies: where is the federal government on the high tech curve? : hearing before the Subcommittee on Government Management, Information, and Technology of the Committee on Government Reform, House of Representatives, One Hundred Sixth Congress, second session, April 24, 2000</span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See: <i><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wired_Magazine" title="Wired Magazine" class="mw-redirect">Wired Magazine</a></i>, "<a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Why_the_future_doesn%27t_need_us" title="Why the future doesn't need us" class="mw-redirect">Why the future doesn't need us</a>",</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Joy_2000-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Joy_2000_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation journal"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Joy" title="Bill Joy">Joy, Bill</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.04/joy_pr.html">"Why the future doesn't need us"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2005-11-14</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.au=Joy%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=Joy%2C+Bill&rft.btitle=Why+the+future+doesn%27t+need+us&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fwired%2Farchive%2F8.04%2Fjoy_pr.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.amazon.com/The-Futurica-Trilogy-Alexander-Bard/dp/9187173247">http://www.amazon.com/The-Futurica-Trilogy-Alexander-Bard/dp/9187173247</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Bostrom_2002-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bostrom_2002_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation journal"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Bostrom" title="Nick Bostrom">Bostrom, Nick</a> (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.nickbostrom.com/existential/risks.html">"Existential risks: analyzing human extinction scenarios"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-02-21</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.au=Bostrom%2C+Nick&rft.aulast=Bostrom%2C+Nick&rft.btitle=Existential+risks%3A+analyzing+human+extinction+scenarios&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nickbostrom.com%2Fexistential%2Frisks.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Warwick" title="Kevin Warwick">Warwick, K</a>: “March of the Machines”, University of Illinois Press, 2004</span></li> <li id="cite_note-McKibben_2003-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McKibben_2003_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_McKibben" title="Bill McKibben">McKibben, Bill</a> (2003). <i>Enough: Staying Human in an Engineered Age</i>. Times Books. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8050-7096-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8050-7096-6">0-8050-7096-6</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.aulast=McKibben%2C+Bill&rft.au=McKibben%2C+Bill&rft.btitle=Enough%3A+Staying+Human+in+an+Engineered+Age&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-8050-7096-6&rft.pub=Times+Books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Kurzweil_2005-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kurzweil_2005_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raymond_Kurzweil" title="Raymond Kurzweil" class="mw-redirect">Kurzweil, Raymond</a> (2005). <i><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Singularity_Is_Near" title="The Singularity Is Near">The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology</a></i>. Viking Adult. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-03384-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-670-03384-7">0-670-03384-7</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.au=Kurzweil%2C+Raymond&rft.aulast=Kurzweil%2C+Raymond&rft.btitle=The+Singularity+Is+Near%3A+When+Humans+Transcend+Biology&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-670-03384-7&rft.pub=Viking+Adult&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Ford2009Lights-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ford2009Lights_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span id="CITEREFFord2009" class="citation">Ford, Martin R. (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.thelightsinthetunnel.com/"><i>The Lights in the Tunnel: Automation, Accelerating Technology and the Economy of the Future</i></a>, Acculant Publishing, <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1448659814" title="Special:BookSources/978-1448659814">978-1448659814</a>. <i>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.thelightsinthetunnel.com/">e-book available free online</a>.)</i></span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.aufirst=Martin+R.&rft.au=Ford%2C+Martin+R.&rft.aulast=Ford&rft.btitle=The+Lights+in+the+Tunnel%3A+Automation%2C+Accelerating+Technology+and+the+Economy+of+the+Future&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelightsinthetunnel.com&rft.isbn=978-1448659814&rft.pub=Acculant+Publishing&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://econfuture.wordpress.com/2011/04/14/machine-learning-a-job-killer/">"Machine Learning: A Job Killer?"</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://singularityhub.com/2009/12/15/martin-ford-asks-will-automation-lead-to-economic-collapse/">"Will Automation Lead to Economic Collapse?"</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Roco_and_Bainbridge_2004-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Roco_and_Bainbridge_2004_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Roco, Mihail C. and <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Sims_Bainbridge" title="William Sims Bainbridge">Bainbridge, William Sims</a>, eds. (2004). <i><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Converging_Technologies_for_Improving_Human_Performance" title="Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance">Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance</a></i>. Springer. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4020-1254-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-4020-1254-3">1-4020-1254-3</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.aulast=Roco%2C+Mihail+C.+and+Bainbridge%2C+William+Sims%2C+eds.&rft.au=Roco%2C+Mihail+C.+and+Bainbridge%2C+William+Sims%2C+eds.&rft.btitle=Converging+Technologies+for+Improving+Human+Performance&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-4020-1254-3&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation journal"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Joy" title="Bill Joy">Joy, Bill</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.04/joy.html">"Why the Future Doesn't Need Us"</a>. Wired.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.au=Joy%2C+Bill&rft.aulast=Joy&rft.btitle=Why+the+Future+Doesn%27t+Need+Us&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fwired%2Farchive%2F8.04%2Fjoy.html&rft.pub=Wired&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Garreau_2005-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Garreau_2005_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joel_Garreau" title="Joel Garreau">Garreau, Joel</a> (2005). <i><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_Evolution" title="Radical Evolution">Radical Evolution</a>: The Promise and Peril of Enhancing Our Minds, Our Bodies — and What It Means to Be Human</i>. Doubleday. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-50965-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-50965-0">0-385-50965-0</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.au=Garreau%2C+Joel&rft.aulast=Garreau%2C+Joel&rft.btitle=Radical+Evolution%3A+The+Promise+and+Peril+of+Enhancing+Our+Minds%2C+Our+Bodies+%26mdash%3B+and+What+It+Means+to+Be+Human&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-385-50965-0&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Mulhall_2002-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mulhall_2002_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Mulhall, Douglas (2002). <i>Our Molecular Future: How Nanotechnology, Robotics, Genetics and Artificial Intelligence Will Transform Our World</i>. Prometheus Books. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57392-992-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-57392-992-1">1-57392-992-1</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.aulast=Mulhall%2C+Douglas&rft.au=Mulhall%2C+Douglas&rft.btitle=Our+Molecular+Future%3A+How+Nanotechnology%2C+Robotics%2C+Genetics+and+Artificial+Intelligence+Will+Transform+Our+World&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-57392-992-1&rft.pub=Prometheus+Books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-ETC_Group_2003-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ETC_Group_2003_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation journal"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ETC_Group_(AGETC)" title="ETC Group (AGETC)">ETC Group</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.etcgroup.org/upload/publication/169/01/combang2003.pdf">"The Strategy for Converging Technologies: The Little BANG Theory"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-02-09</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.au=ETC+Group&rft.aulast=ETC+Group&rft.btitle=The+Strategy+for+Converging+Technologies%3A+The+Little+BANG+Theory&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etcgroup.org%2Fupload%2Fpublication%2F169%2F01%2Fcombang2003.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_board" title="Printed circuit board">Circuit boards</a> began development in 1960s. An example, among others, includes Stacked Printed Circuit Board by Victor F. Dahlgren et al. <span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/https://www.google.com/patents/US3409732">U.S. Patent 3,409,732</a></span>. See also: <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_in_package" title="System in package">System in Package</a> (SiP) or <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-Chip_Module" title="Multi-Chip Module" class="mw-redirect">Chip Stack MCM</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concept_art" title="Concept art">conceptual drawing</a> measures in diameter 200+ m (660 ft.+).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/CellularGeneTherapyProducts/ApprovedProducts/ucm210215.htm">"Approval Letter - Provenge"</a>. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a>. 2010-04-29.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.btitle=Approval+Letter+-+Provenge&rft.date=2010-04-29&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.gov%2FBiologicsBloodVaccines%2FCellularGeneTherapyProducts%2FApprovedProducts%2Fucm210215.htm&rft.pub=Food+and+Drug+Administration&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.genengnews.com/analysis-and-insight/what-comes-after-dendreon-s-provenge/77899342/">"What Comes After Dendreon’s Provenge?"</a>. 18 Oct 2010.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.btitle=What+Comes+After+Dendreon%E2%80%99s+Provenge%3F&rft.date=18+Oct+2010&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.genengnews.com%2Fanalysis-and-insight%2Fwhat-comes-after-dendreon-s-provenge%2F77899342%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-time-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-time_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news">Siegelbaum, D.J. (2008-04-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1734630,00.html?imw=Y">"In Search of a Test-Tube Hamburger"</a>. <i><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-30</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.aufirst=D.J.&rft.aulast=Siegelbaum&rft.au=Siegelbaum%2C+D.J.&rft.btitle=In+Search+of+a+Test-Tube+Hamburger&rft.date=2008-04-23&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fhealth%2Farticle%2F0%2C8599%2C1734630%2C00.html%3Fimw%3DY&rft.pub=%27%27Time%27%27&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-BBC5Aug-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC5Aug_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-23576143">World's first lab-grown burger is eaten in London</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/14/science/engineering-the-325000-in-vitro-burger.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0">Building a $325,000 Burger</a></span></li> <li id="cite_note-no-kill_carnivore-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-no-kill_carnivore_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news">Temple, James (2009-02-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.portfolio.com/views/columns/dual-perspectives/2009/02/23/The-No-kill-Carnivore">"The Future of Food: The No-kill Carnivore"</a>. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portfolio.com" title="Portfolio.com">Portfolio.com</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-08-07</span></span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.aufirst=James&rft.aulast=Temple&rft.au=Temple%2C+James&rft.btitle=The+Future+of+Food%3A+The+No-kill+Carnivore&rft.date=2009-02-23&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.portfolio.com%2Fviews%2Fcolumns%2Fdual-perspectives%2F2009%2F02%2F23%2FThe-No-kill-Carnivore&rft.pub=Portfolio.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Pharma_Concepts-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pharma_Concepts_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.new-harvest.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/culturedmeatecon.pdf">Preliminary Economics Study of Cultured Meat</a>, eXmoor Pharma Concepts, 2008</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Engines1-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Engines1_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Drexler, K. Eric (1986). <i>Engines of Creation: The Coming Era of Nanotechnology</i>. Doubleday. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-19973-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-19973-2">0-385-19973-2</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.au=Drexler%2C+K.+Eric&rft.aufirst=K.+Eric&rft.aulast=Drexler&rft.btitle=Engines+of+Creation%3A+The+Coming+Era+of+Nanotechnology&rft.date=1986&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-385-19973-2&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Nanotsystems-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nanotsystems_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Drexler, K. Eric (1992). <i>Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation</i>. New York: John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-57547-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-471-57547-X">0-471-57547-X</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.au=Drexler%2C+K.+Eric&rft.aufirst=K.+Eric&rft.aulast=Drexler&rft.btitle=Nanosystems%3A+Molecular+Machinery%2C+Manufacturing%2C+and+Computation&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-471-57547-X&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-OED-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OED_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/view/entry/m_en_gb0714530#m_en_gb0714530">"robotics"</a>. Oxford Dictionaries<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2011</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.btitle=robotics&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddictionaries.com%2Fview%2Fentry%2Fm_en_gb0714530%23m_en_gb0714530&rft.pub=Oxford+Dictionaries&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation journal">Lindvall, O.; Kokaia, Z. (2006). "Stem cells for the treatment of neurological disorders". <i>Nature</i> <b>441</b> (7097): 1094–1096. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature04960">10.1038/nature04960</a>. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier" class="mw-redirect">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16810245">16810245</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.atitle=Stem+cells+for+the+treatment+of+neurological+disorders&rft.aufirst=O.&rft.au=Kokaia%2C+Z.&rft.aulast=Lindvall&rft.au=Lindvall%2C+O.&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature04960&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16810245&rft.issue=7097&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=1094-1096&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.volume=441" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation journal">Weissman IL (January 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0092-8674(00)81692-X">"Stem cells: units of development, units of regeneration, and units in evolution"</a>. <i>Cell</i> <b>100</b> (1): 157–68. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2981692-X">10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81692-X</a>. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier" class="mw-redirect">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10647940">10647940</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.atitle=Stem+cells%3A+units+of+development%2C+units+of+regeneration%2C+and+units+in+evolution&rft.aulast=Weissman+IL&rft.au=Weissman+IL&rft.date=January+2000&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0092-8674%2800%2981692-X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0092-8674%2800%2981692-X&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10647940&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Cell&rft.pages=157-68&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.volume=100" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> as cited in <span class="citation journal">Gurtner GC, Callaghan MJ, Longaker MT (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.med.58.082405.095329?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dncbi.nlm.nih.gov">"Progress and potential for regenerative medicine"</a>. <i>Annu. Rev. Med.</i> <b>58</b>: 299–312. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/https://dx.doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.med.58.082405.095329">10.1146/annurev.med.58.082405.095329</a>. <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier" class="mw-redirect">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17076602">17076602</a>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmerging+technologies&rft.atitle=Progress+and+potential+for+regenerative+medicine&rft.au=Gurtner+GC%2C+Callaghan+MJ%2C+Longaker+MT&rft.aulast=Gurtner+GC%2C+Callaghan+MJ%2C+Longaker+MT&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farjournals.annualreviews.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.med.58.082405.095329%3Furl_ver%3DZ39.88-2003%26rfr_id%3Dori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org%26rfr_dat%3Dcr_pub%253dncbi.nlm.nih.gov&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.med.58.082405.095329&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17076602&rft.jtitle=Annu.+Rev.+Med.&rft.pages=299-312&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.volume=58" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> </ol> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Emerging_technologies&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <dl> <dt>Websites</dt> </dl> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://bart.tcc.virginia.edu/tradzoneworkshop/Papers/nbc003gor.pdf">Collaborating on Converging Technologies: Education and Practice</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.wtec.org/ConvergingTechnologies/">Converging Technologies NSF-sponsored reports</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.contecs.fraunhofer.de/content/view/2/3/">EU-funded project CONTECS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.converging-technologies.org/project.html">EU-funded project KNOWLEDGE NBIC</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.ethicsschool.eu/home.php?page=home">EU-funded summerschools on ethics of emerging technologies</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://ec.europa.eu/research/conferences/2004/ntw/index_en.html">EU High-Level Expert Group on Converging Technologies</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.europarl.europa.eu/stoa/publications/studies/stoa183_en.pdf">European Parliament Technology Assessment on Converging Technologies report</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.etcgroup.org/">ETC Group</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://ieet.org/">Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.thehumanfuture.com/">Institute on Biotechnology and the Human Future</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.ctc-2010maribor.org/">Converging Technologies Conference 2010 Website</a></li> </ul> <dl> <dt>Videos</dt> </dl> <ul> <li>BBC Horizon Special - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPk1v7cVyEQ">Tomorrow's World</a> (2013) - YouTube</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/http://vimeo.com/11529540">Web 3.0</a> on Vimeo</li> </ul> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Emerging_technologies" title="Template:Emerging technologies"><span title="View this template" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">v</span></a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Emerging_technologies" title="Template talk:Emerging technologies"><span title="Discuss this template" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">t</span></a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Emerging_technologies&action=edit"><span title="Edit this template" style="text-align: center;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">e</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><strong class="selflink">Emerging technologies</strong></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"> <div><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">Technology</a></div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Fields</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_robot" title="Agricultural robot">Agricultural robot</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed_ecological_systems" title="Closed ecological systems" class="mw-redirect">Closed ecological systems</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_vitro_meat" title="In vitro meat">In vitro meat</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_food" title="Genetically modified food">Genetically modified food</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precision_agriculture" title="Precision agriculture">Precision agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_farming" title="Vertical farming">Vertical farming</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">Architecture</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcology" title="Arcology">Arcology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_printing" title="Building printing">Building printing</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contour_Crafting" title="Contour Crafting" class="mw-redirect">Contour Crafting</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-Shape" title="D-Shape">D-Shape</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domed_city" title="Domed city">Domed city</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_technology" title="Biomedical technology">Biomedical</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_uterus" title="Artificial uterus">Artificial uterus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampakine" title="Ampakine">Ampakine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_transplant" title="Brain transplant">Brain transplant</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryonics" title="Cryonics">Cryonics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryoprotectant" title="Cryoprotectant">Cryoprotectant</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitrification" title="Vitrification">Vitrification</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De-extinction" title="De-extinction">De-extinction</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryopreservation" title="Cryopreservation">Cryopreservation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_genome_sequencing" title="Full genome sequencing" class="mw-redirect">Full genome sequencing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering" title="Genetic engineering">Genetic engineering</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapy" title="Gene therapy">Gene therapy</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_transplant" title="Head transplant">Head transplant</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolated_brain" title="Isolated brain">Isolated brain</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_extension" title="Life extension">Life extension</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategies_for_Engineered_Negligible_Senescence" title="Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence">Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanomedicine" title="Nanomedicine">Nanomedicine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanosensors" title="Nanosensors" class="mw-redirect">Nanosensors</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personalized_medicine" title="Personalized medicine">Personalized medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerative_medicine" title="Regenerative medicine">Regenerative medicine</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stem_cell_treatments" title="Stem cell treatments" class="mw-redirect">Stem cell treatments</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_engineering" title="Tissue engineering">Tissue engineering</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_surgery" title="Robotic surgery" class="mw-redirect">Robotic surgery</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspended_animation" title="Suspended animation">Suspended animation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_biology" title="Synthetic biology">Synthetic biology</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_genomics" title="Synthetic genomics">Synthetic genomics</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virotherapy" title="Virotherapy">Virotherapy</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncolytic_Virus" title="Oncolytic Virus" class="mw-redirect">Oncolytic Virus</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_tricorder" title="Medical tricorder">Tricorder</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Displays</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next_generation_of_display_technology" title="Next generation of display technology">Next generation</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_emission_display" title="Field emission display">FED</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferro_Liquid_Display" title="Ferro Liquid Display">FLD</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interferometric_modulator_display" title="Interferometric modulator display">iMoD</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_video_display" title="Laser video display">Laser</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_phosphor_display" title="Laser phosphor display" class="mw-redirect">LPD</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLED" title="OLED">OLED</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_light-emitting_transistor" title="Organic light-emitting transistor">OLET</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_display" title="Quantum dot display">QD-LED</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface-conduction_electron-emitter_display" title="Surface-conduction electron-emitter display">SED</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telescopic_pixel_display" title="Telescopic pixel display">TPD</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thick-film_dielectric_electroluminescent_technology" title="Thick-film dielectric electroluminescent technology">TDEL</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-multiplexed_optical_shutter" title="Time-multiplexed optical shutter">TMOS</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screenless" title="Screenless">Screenless</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionic_contact_lens" title="Bionic contact lens">Bionic contact lens</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-mounted_display" title="Head-mounted display">Head-mounted display</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head-up_display" title="Head-up display">Head-up display</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_head-mounted_display" title="Optical head-mounted display">Optical head-mounted display</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_retinal_display" title="Virtual retinal display">Virtual retinal display</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Other</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostereoscopy" title="Autostereoscopy">Autostereoscopy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexible_display" title="Flexible display">Flexible display</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_display" title="Holographic display">Holographic display</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-generated_holography" title="Computer-generated holography">Computer-generated holography</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-primary_color_display" title="Multi-primary color display">Multi-primary color display</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-high-definition_television" title="Ultra-high-definition television">Ultra HD</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volumetric_display" title="Volumetric display">Volumetric display</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Electronics</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_nose" title="Electronic nose">Electronic nose</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_textile" title="Electronic textile" class="mw-redirect">Electronic textile</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexible_electronics" title="Flexible electronics">Flexible electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_electronics" title="Molecular electronics">Molecular electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoelectromechanical_systems" title="Nanoelectromechanical systems">Nanoelectromechanical systems</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memristor" title="Memristor">Memristor</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spintronics" title="Spintronics">Spintronics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_copper_pillar_bump" title="Thermal copper pillar bump">Thermal copper pillar bump</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Energy</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Production</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airborne_wind_turbine" title="Airborne wind turbine">Airborne wind turbine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_photosynthesis" title="Artificial photosynthesis">Artificial photosynthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuels</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_negative_fuel" title="Carbon negative fuel" class="mw-redirect">Carbon negative fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_solar_power" title="Concentrated solar power">Concentrated solar power</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion_power" title="Fusion power">Fusion power</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_fuel_cell" title="Home fuel cell">Home fuel cell</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_economy" title="Hydrogen economy">Hydrogen economy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanol_economy" title="Methanol economy">Methanol economy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molten_salt_reactor" title="Molten salt reactor">Molten salt reactor</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nantenna" title="Nantenna">Nantenna</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_roadway" title="Solar roadway" class="mw-redirect">Solar roadway</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space-based_solar_power" title="Space-based solar power">Space-based solar power</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_engine" title="Vortex engine">Vortex engine</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Storage</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beltway_battery" title="Beltway battery" class="mw-redirect">Beltway battery</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_neutral_fuel" title="Carbon neutral fuel" class="mw-redirect">Carbon neutral fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compressed_air_energy_storage" title="Compressed air energy storage">Compressed air energy storage</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flywheel_energy_storage" title="Flywheel energy storage">Flywheel energy storage</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_energy_storage" title="Grid energy storage">Grid energy storage</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_air_battery" title="Lithium air battery" class="mw-redirect">Lithium air battery</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molten_salt_battery" title="Molten salt battery">Molten salt battery</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanowire_battery" title="Nanowire battery">Nanowire battery</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_in_lithium-ion_batteries" title="Research in lithium-ion batteries">Research in lithium-ion batteries</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_air_battery" title="Silicon air battery" class="mw-redirect">Silicon air battery</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_energy_storage" title="Thermal energy storage">Thermal energy storage</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_double-layer_capacitor" title="Electric double-layer capacitor">Ultracapacitor</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Other</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_grid" title="Smart grid">Smart grid</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contactless_energy_transfer" title="Contactless energy transfer" class="mw-redirect">Contactless energy transfer</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_and_communication_technologies" title="Information and communication technologies" class="mw-redirect">IT and<br/> communications</a></div> </th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambient_intelligence" title="Ambient intelligence">Ambient intelligence</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things" title="Internet of Things">Internet of Things</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_artificial_intelligence" title="Applications of artificial intelligence">Applications of artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progress_in_artificial_intelligence" title="Progress in artificial intelligence">Progress in artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_translation" title="Machine translation">Machine translation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_vision" title="Machine vision">Machine vision</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Web" title="Semantic Web">Semantic Web</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognition" title="Speech recognition">Speech recognition</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomtronics" title="Atomtronics">Atomtronics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nanotube_field-effect_transistor" title="Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor">Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybermethodology" title="Cybermethodology">Cybermethodology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_disc#Fourth-generation" title="Optical disc">Fourth-generation optical discs</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_optical_data_storage" title="3D optical data storage">3D optical data storage</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_data_storage" title="Holographic data storage">Holographic data storage</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPGPU" title="GPGPU" class="mw-redirect">GPGPU</a></li> <li>Memory <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBRAM" title="CBRAM" class="mw-redirect">CBRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferroelectric_RAM" title="Ferroelectric RAM">FRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millipede_memory" title="Millipede memory">Millipede</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetoresistive_random-access_memory" title="Magnetoresistive random-access memory">MRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nano-RAM" title="Nano-RAM">NRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-change_memory" title="Phase-change memory">PRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racetrack_memory" title="Racetrack memory">Racetrack memory</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RRAM" title="RRAM" class="mw-redirect">RRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SONOS" title="SONOS">SONOS</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_computing" title="Optical computing">Optical computing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computer" title="Quantum computer" class="mw-redirect">Quantum computing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_cryptography" title="Quantum cryptography">Quantum cryptography</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification" title="Radio-frequency identification">RFID</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chipless_RFID" title="Chipless RFID">Chipless RFID</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-dimensional_integrated_circuit" title="Three-dimensional integrated circuit">Three-dimensional integrated circuit</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Manufacturing</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claytronics" title="Claytronics">Claytronics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_assembler" title="Molecular assembler">Molecular assembler</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility_fog" title="Utility fog">Utility fog</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science" title="Materials science">Materials science</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerogel" title="Aerogel">Aerogel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_metal" title="Amorphous metal">Amorphous metal</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_muscle" title="Artificial muscle">Artificial muscle</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductive_polymer" title="Conductive polymer">Conductive polymer</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femtotechnology" title="Femtotechnology">Femtotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullerene" title="Fullerene">Fullerene</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene" title="Graphene">Graphene</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-temperature_superconductivity" title="High-temperature superconductivity">High-temperature superconductivity</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superfluid" title="Superfluid" class="mw-redirect">High-temperature superfluidity</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_acetylenic_carbon" title="Linear acetylenic carbon">Linear acetylenic carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamaterial" title="Metamaterial">Metamaterials</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamaterial_cloaking" title="Metamaterial cloaking">Metamaterial cloaking</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-function_structure" title="Multi-function structure">Multi-function structures</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology" title="Nanotechnology">Nanotechnology</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nanotube" title="Carbon nanotube">Carbon nanotubes</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_nanotechnology" title="Molecular nanotechnology">Molecular nanotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanomaterials" title="Nanomaterials">Nanomaterials</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picotechnology" title="Picotechnology">Picotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_matter" title="Programmable matter">Programmable matter</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot" title="Quantum dot">Quantum dots</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicene" title="Silicene">Silicene</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superalloy" title="Superalloy">Superalloy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_diamond" title="Synthetic diamond">Synthetic diamond</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_technology" title="Military technology">Military</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimatter_weapon" title="Antimatter weapon">Antimatter weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caseless_ammunition" title="Caseless ammunition">Caseless ammunition</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed-energy_weapon" title="Directed-energy weapon">Directed-energy weapon</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">Laser</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maser" title="Maser">Maser</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_beam_weapon" title="Particle beam weapon" class="mw-redirect">Particle beam weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonic_weapon" title="Sonic weapon">Sonic weapon</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_weapon" title="Electromagnetic weapon" class="mw-redirect">Electromagnetic weapon</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coilgun" title="Coilgun">Coilgun</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railgun" title="Railgun">Railgun</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_weapon" title="Plasma weapon">Plasma weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pure_fusion_weapon" title="Pure fusion weapon">Pure fusion weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stealth_technology" title="Stealth technology">Stealth technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_ring_gun" title="Vortex ring gun">Vortex ring gun</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">Neuroscience</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_brain" title="Artificial brain">Artificial brain</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Brain_Project" title="Blue Brain Project">Blue Brain Project</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interface" title="Brain–computer interface">Brain–computer interface</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroencephalography" title="Electroencephalography">Electroencephalography</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_uploading" title="Mind uploading">Mind uploading</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain-reading" title="Brain-reading">Brain-reading</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroinformatics" title="Neuroinformatics">Neuroinformatics</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroprosthetics" title="Neuroprosthetics">Neuroprosthetics</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_prosthesis" title="Visual prosthesis">Bionic eye</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_implant" title="Brain implant">Brain implant</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exocortex" title="Exocortex">Exocortex</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_implant" title="Retinal implant">Retinal implant</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_of_robotics" title="Future of robotics">Robotics</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_automation" title="Home automation">Domotics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanorobotics" title="Nanorobotics">Nanorobotics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powered_exoskeleton" title="Powered exoskeleton">Powered exoskeleton</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-reconfiguring_modular_robot" title="Self-reconfiguring modular robot">Self-reconfiguring modular robot</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarm_robotics" title="Swarm robotics">Swarm robotics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_vehicle" title="Unmanned vehicle">Unmanned vehicle</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_space_science" title="Outline of space science">Space science</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_launch" title="Space launch">Launch</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusion_rocket" title="Fusion rocket">Fusion rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-rocket_spacelaunch" title="Non-rocket spacelaunch">Non-rocket spacelaunch</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_driver" title="Mass driver">Mass driver</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_ring" title="Orbital ring">Orbital ring</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_elevator" title="Space elevator">Space elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_fountain" title="Space fountain">Space fountain</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_tether" title="Space tether">Space tether</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reusable_launch_system" title="Reusable launch system">Reusable launch system</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecraft_propulsion" title="Spacecraft propulsion">Propulsion</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam-powered_propulsion" title="Beam-powered propulsion">Beam-powered propulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_thruster" title="Ion thruster">Ion thruster</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_propulsion" title="Laser propulsion">Laser propulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_propulsion_engine" title="Plasma propulsion engine">Plasma propulsion engine</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helicon_Double_Layer_Thruster" title="Helicon Double Layer Thruster">Helicon thruster</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_Specific_Impulse_Magnetoplasma_Rocket" title="Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket">VASIMR</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Orion_(nuclear_propulsion)" title="Project Orion (nuclear propulsion)">Project Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_pulse_propulsion" title="Nuclear pulse propulsion">Nuclear pulse propulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_sail" title="Solar sail">Solar sail</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_drive" title="Warp drive">Warp drive</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Other</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstellar_travel" title="Interstellar travel">Interstellar travel</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propellant_depot" title="Propellant depot">Propellant depot</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Transport</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation" title="Aviation">Aerial</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_Compliant_Wing" title="Adaptive Compliant Wing" class="mw-redirect">Adaptive Compliant Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worldwide_Aeros_Corp" title="Worldwide Aeros Corp">Aeroscraft</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backpack_helicopter" title="Backpack helicopter">Backpack helicopter</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delivery_drone" title="Delivery drone">Delivery drone</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flying_car_(aircraft)" title="Flying car (aircraft)">Flying car</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-altitude_platform" title="High-altitude platform">High-altitude platform</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_pack" title="Jet pack">Jet pack</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse_detonation_engine" title="Pulse detonation engine">Pulse detonation engine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramjet" title="Scramjet">Scramjet</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaceplane" title="Spaceplane">Spaceplane</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skylon_(spacecraft)" title="Skylon (spacecraft)">Skylon</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersonic_transport" title="Supersonic transport">Supersonic transport</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_transport" title="Land transport">Land</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airless_tire" title="Airless tire">Airless tire</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tweel" title="Tweel">Tweel</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_fuel_vehicle" title="Alternative fuel vehicle">Alternative fuel vehicle</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle" title="Hydrogen vehicle">Hydrogen vehicle</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_car" title="Autonomous car">Driverless car</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_effect_train" title="Ground effect train">Ground effect train</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maglev" title="Maglev">Maglev train</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vactrain" title="Vactrain">Vactrain</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ET3_Global_Alliance" title="ET3 Global Alliance">ET3 Global Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperloop" title="Hyperloop">Hyperloop</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicular_communication_systems" title="Vehicular communication systems">Vehicular communication systems</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipeline_transport" title="Pipeline transport">Pipeline</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatic_transport" title="Pneumatic transport" class="mw-redirect">Pneumatic transport</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_vacuum_collection" title="Automated vacuum collection">Automated vacuum collection</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foodtubes" title="Foodtubes">Foodtubes</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Other</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-gravity" title="Anti-gravity">Anti-gravity</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloak_of_invisibility" title="Cloak of invisibility">Cloak of invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_scent_technology" title="Digital scent technology">Digital scent technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_shield" title="Force shield" class="mw-redirect">Force field</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_window" title="Plasma window">Plasma window</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immersion_(virtual_reality)" title="Immersion (virtual reality)">Immersive virtual reality</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtusphere" title="Virtusphere" class="mw-redirect">Virtusphere</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_refrigeration" title="Magnetic refrigeration">Magnetic refrigeration</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phased-array_optics" title="Phased-array optics">Phased-array optics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_technology" title="Quantum technology">Quantum technology</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_teleportation" title="Quantum teleportation">Quantum teleportation</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;">Topics</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collingridge_dilemma" title="Collingridge dilemma">Collingridge dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_technological_development" title="Differential technological development">Differential technological development</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephemeralization" title="Ephemeralization">Ephemeralization</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_engineering" title="Exploratory engineering">Exploratory engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictional_technology" title="Fictional technology">Fictional technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proactionary_principle" title="Proactionary principle">Proactionary principle</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_change" title="Technological change">Technological change</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_unemployment" title="Technological unemployment">Technological unemployment</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_convergence" title="Technological convergence">Technological convergence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_evolution" title="Technological evolution">Technological evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_paradigm" title="Technological paradigm">Technological paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_forecasting" title="Technology forecasting">Technology forecasting</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerating_change" title="Accelerating change">Accelerating change</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law" title="Moore's law">Moore's law</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_singularity" title="Technological singularity">Technological singularity</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_scouting" title="Technology scouting">Technology scouting</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_readiness_level" title="Technology readiness level">Technology readiness level</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_roadmap" title="Technology roadmap">Technology roadmap</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transhumanism" title="Transhumanism">Transhumanism</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"> <div> <ul> <li><img alt="Category" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" title="Category" width="16" height="14" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31"/> <b><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Emerging_technologies" title="Category:Emerging technologies">Category</a></b></li> <li><img alt="List-Class article" src="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" title="List-Class article" width="16" height="16" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20150319185018im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185"/> <b><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emerging_technologies" title="List of emerging technologies">List</a></b></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <td style="padding:2px"> <table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"> <tr> <th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Technology" title="Template:Technology"><span title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">v</span></a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Technology" title="Template talk:Technology"><span title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">t</span></a></li> <li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Technology&action=edit"><span title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;">e</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">Technology</a></div> </th> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"> <div> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_technology" title="Outline of technology">Outline of technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_applied_science" title="Outline of applied science">Outline of applied science</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Fields</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div> <table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agricultural_engineering" title="Agricultural engineering">Agricultural engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">Aquaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisheries_science" title="Fisheries science">Fisheries science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_chemistry" title="Food chemistry">Food chemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_engineering" title="Food engineering">Food engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_microbiology" title="Food microbiology">Food microbiology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_technology" title="Food technology">Food technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_use_restriction_technology" title="Genetic use restriction technology">GURT</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICT_in_agriculture" title="ICT in agriculture">ICT</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrition" title="Nutrition">Nutrition</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_technology" title="Biomedical technology">Biomedical</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioinformatics" title="Bioinformatics">Bioinformatics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_engineering" title="Biological engineering">Biological engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomechatronics" title="Biomechatronics">Biomechatronics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomedical_engineering" title="Biomedical engineering">Biomedical engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheminformatics" title="Cheminformatics">Cheminformatics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering" title="Genetic engineering">Genetic engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_science" title="Healthcare science" class="mw-redirect">Healthcare science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_research" title="Medical research">Medical research</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_technology" title="Medical technology" class="mw-redirect">Medical technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanomedicine" title="Nanomedicine">Nanomedicine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">Neuroscience</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotechnology" title="Neurotechnology">Neurotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology" title="Pharmacology">Pharmacology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproductive_technology" title="Reproductive technology">Reproductive technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_engineering" title="Tissue engineering">Tissue engineering</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">Buildings</a> and<br/> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">Construction</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustical_engineering" title="Acoustical engineering">Acoustical engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_engineering" title="Architectural engineering">Architectural engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_services_engineering" title="Building services engineering">Building services engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineering" title="Civil engineering">Civil engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction_engineering" title="Construction engineering">Construction engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_technology" title="Domestic technology">Domestic technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facade_engineering" title="Facade engineering">Facade engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_protection_engineering" title="Fire protection engineering">Fire protection engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_engineering" title="Safety engineering">Safety engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanitary_engineering" title="Sanitary engineering">Sanitary engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_engineering" title="Structural engineering">Structural engineering</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_technology" title="Educational technology">Educational</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_software" title="Educational software">Educational software</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_technologies_in_education" title="Digital technologies in education" class="mw-redirect">Digital technologies in education</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_and_communication_technologies_in_education" title="Information and communication technologies in education" class="mw-redirect">ICT in education</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impact_of_technology_on_the_educational_system" title="Impact of technology on the educational system" class="mw-redirect">Impact</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia_learning" title="Multimedia learning" class="mw-redirect">Multimedia learning</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_campus" title="Virtual campus">Virtual campus</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_education" title="Virtual education" class="mw-redirect">Virtual education</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_technology" title="Energy technology">Energy</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_engineering" title="Nuclear engineering">Nuclear engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_technology" title="Nuclear technology">Nuclear technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_engineering" title="Petroleum engineering">Petroleum engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_energy_technology" title="Soft energy technology">Soft energy technology</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_technology" title="Environmental technology">Environmental</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_technology" title="Clean technology">Clean technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_coal_technology" title="Clean coal technology">Clean coal technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_design" title="Ecological design">Ecological design</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_engineering" title="Ecological engineering">Ecological engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecotechnology" title="Ecotechnology">Ecotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_engineering" title="Environmental engineering">Environmental engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_engineering_science" title="Environmental engineering science">Environmental engineering science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_building" title="Green building">Green building</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_nanotechnology" title="Green nanotechnology">Green nanotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landscape_engineering" title="Landscape engineering">Landscape engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">Renewable energy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_design" title="Sustainable design">Sustainable design</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_engineering" title="Sustainable engineering">Sustainable engineering</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_technology" title="Industrial technology">Industrial</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation" title="Automation">Automation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_informatics" title="Business informatics">Business informatics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_management" title="Engineering management">Engineering management</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_engineering" title="Enterprise engineering">Enterprise engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_finance" title="Computational finance">Financial engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_biotechnology" title="Industrial biotechnology" class="mw-redirect">Industrial biotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_engineering" title="Industrial engineering">Industrial engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">Metallurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_engineering" title="Mining engineering">Mining engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Productivity_improving_technologies_(historical)" title="Productivity improving technologies (historical)">Productivity improving technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">Research and development</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribology" title="Tribology">Tribology</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_and_communications_technology" title="Information and communications technology">IT and communications</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_engineering" title="Broadcast engineering">Broadcast engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_engineering" title="Computer engineering">Computer engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_technology" title="Financial technology">Financial technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">Information technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_technology" title="Music technology">Music technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology_engineering" title="Ontology engineering">Ontology engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RF_engineering" title="RF engineering" class="mw-redirect">RF engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_engineering" title="Software engineering">Software engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_engineering" title="Telecommunications engineering">Telecommunications engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_technology" title="Visual technology">Visual technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_engineering" title="Web engineering">Web engineering</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_technology" title="Military technology">Military</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_engineering_maintenance" title="Army engineering maintenance">Army engineering maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_warfare" title="Electronic warfare">Electronic warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_communications" title="Military communications">Military communications</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_engineering" title="Military engineering">Military engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stealth_technology" title="Stealth technology">Stealth technology</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport">Transport</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerospace_engineering" title="Aerospace engineering">Aerospace engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_engineering" title="Automotive engineering">Automotive engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_architecture" title="Naval architecture">Naval architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_technology" title="Space technology" class="mw-redirect">Space technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_engineering_(transportation)" title="Traffic engineering (transportation)">Traffic engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_engineering" title="Transport engineering" class="mw-redirect">Transport engineering</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Other <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied_science" title="Applied science">applied sciences</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryogenics" title="Cryogenics">Cryogenics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electro-optics" title="Electro-optics">Electro-optics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">Electronics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_geology" title="Engineering geology">Engineering geology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_physics" title="Engineering physics">Engineering physics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulics" title="Hydraulics">Hydraulics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science" title="Materials science">Materials science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfabrication" title="Microfabrication">Microfabrication</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoengineering" title="Nanoengineering">Nanoengineering</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Other <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering" title="Engineering">engineering</a> <a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_engineering_branches" title="List of engineering branches">fields</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_engineering" title="Audio engineering" class="mw-redirect">Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemical_engineering" title="Biochemical engineering">Biochemical</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramic_engineering" title="Ceramic engineering">Ceramic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_engineering" title="Chemical engineering">Chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_engineering" title="Polymer engineering">Polymer</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_engineering" title="Control engineering">Control</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_engineering" title="Electrical engineering">Electrical</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_engineering" title="Electronic engineering">Electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entertainment_technology" title="Entertainment technology">Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotechnical_engineering" title="Geotechnical engineering">Geotechnical</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_engineering" title="Hydraulic engineering">Hydraulic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineering" title="Mechanical engineering">Mechanical</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechatronics" title="Mechatronics">Mechatronics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_engineering" title="Optical engineering">Optical</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_engineering" title="Protein engineering">Protein</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_technology" title="Quantum technology">Quantum</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics" title="Robotics">Robotics</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animatronics" title="Animatronics">Animatronics</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systems_engineering" title="Systems engineering">Systems</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Components</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invention" title="Invention">Invention</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_historic_inventions" title="Timeline of historic inventions">Timeline</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge" title="Knowledge">Knowledge</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine" title="Machine">Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skill" title="Skill">Skill</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craft" title="Craft">Craft</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">Tool</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadget" title="Gadget">Gadget</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Scales</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femtotechnology" title="Femtotechnology">Femtotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Picotechnology" title="Picotechnology">Picotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology" title="Nanotechnology">Nanotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microtechnology" title="Microtechnology">Microtechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro-engineering" title="Macro-engineering">Macro-engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megascale_engineering" title="Megascale engineering">Megascale engineering</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_technology" title="History of technology">History</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric_technology" title="Outline of prehistoric technology">Prehistoric technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution" title="Neolithic Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_technology" title="Ancient technology">Ancient technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_technology" title="Medieval technology">Medieval technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_technology" title="Renaissance technology">Renaissance technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Industrial_Revolution" title="Second Industrial Revolution">Second</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_Age" title="Jet Age">Jet Age</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Revolution" title="Digital Revolution">Digital Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Age" title="Information Age">Information Age</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theories_of_technology" title="Theories of technology">Theories</a> and<br/> concepts</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appropriate_technology" title="Appropriate technology">Appropriate technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critique_of_technology" title="Critique of technology">Critique of technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_of_innovations" title="Diffusion of innovations">Diffusion of innovations</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disruptive_innovation" title="Disruptive innovation">Disruptive innovation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-use_technology" title="Dual-use technology">Dual-use technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephemeralization" title="Ephemeralization">Ephemeralization</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics_of_technology" title="Ethics of technology">Ethics of technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_tech" title="High tech">High tech</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hype_cycle" title="Hype cycle">Hype cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-technology" title="Low-technology" class="mw-redirect">Low-technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mature_technology" title="Mature technology">Mature technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_technology" title="Philosophy of technology">Philosophy of technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategy_of_Technology" title="Strategy of Technology">Strategy of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technicism" title="Technicism">Technicism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Techno-progressivism" title="Techno-progressivism">Techno-progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technocapitalism" title="Technocapitalism">Technocapitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technocentrism" title="Technocentrism">Technocentrism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technocracy" title="Technocracy">Technocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technocriticism" title="Technocriticism">Technocriticism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technoetic" title="Technoetic">Technoetic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technoethics" title="Technoethics">Technoethics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technogaianism" title="Technogaianism">Technogaianism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_alliance" title="Technological alliance">Technological alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_apartheid" title="Technological apartheid">Technological apartheid</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_change" title="Technological change">Technological change</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_convergence" title="Technological convergence">Technological convergence</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_determinism" title="Technological determinism">Technological determinism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_escalation" title="Technological escalation">Technological escalation</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_evolution" title="Technological evolution">Technological evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_fix" title="Technological fix">Technological fix</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_innovation_system" title="Technological innovation system">Technological innovation system</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_momentum" title="Technological momentum">Technological momentum</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_nationalism" title="Technological nationalism">Technological nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_paradigm" title="Technological paradigm">Technological paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_rationality" title="Technological rationality">Technological rationality</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_revival" title="Technological revival">Technological revival</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_revolution" title="Technological revolution">Technological revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_self-efficacy" title="Technological self-efficacy">Technological self-efficacy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_singularity" title="Technological singularity">Technological singularity</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singularitarianism" title="Singularitarianism">Singularitarianism</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_somnambulism" title="Technological somnambulism">Technological somnambulism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_transitions" title="Technological transitions">Technological transitions</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_unemployment" title="Technological unemployment">Technological unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_utopianism" title="Technological utopianism">Technological utopianism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_lifecycle" title="Technology lifecycle" class="mw-redirect">Technology lifecycle</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_acceptance_model" title="Technology acceptance model">Technology acceptance model</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_adoption_lifecycle" title="Technology adoption lifecycle">Technology adoption lifecycle</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technomancy" title="Technomancy">Technomancy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technorealism" title="Technorealism">Technorealism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technoromanticism" title="Technoromanticism">Technoromanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technoscience" title="Technoscience">Technoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transhumanism" title="Transhumanism">Transhumanism</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Other</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul> <li><strong class="selflink">Emerging technologies</strong> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_emerging_technologies" title="List of emerging technologies">List</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictional_technology" title="Fictional technology">Fictional technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technopaganism" title="Technopaganism">Technopaganism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:High-technology_business_districts" title="Category:High-technology business districts">High-technology business districts</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashev_scale" title="Kardashev scale">Kardashev scale</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_technologies" title="List of technologies">List of technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_technology" title="Platform technology">Platform technology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science,_technology_and_society" title="Science, technology and society">Science, technology and society</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_dynamics" title="Technology dynamics">Technology dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Science_and_technology_by_country" title="Category:Science and technology by country">Science and technology by country</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STEM_fields" title="STEM fields">STEM fields</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-STEM" title="Pre-STEM">Pre-STEM</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women_in_STEM_fields" title="Women in STEM fields">women</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STEAM_fields" title="STEAM fields">STEAM fields</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_alignment" title="Technology alignment">Technology alignment</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_assessment" title="Technology assessment">Technology assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_brokering" title="Technology brokering" class="mw-redirect">Technology brokering</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Technology_companies" title="Category:Technology companies">Technology companies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_demonstration" title="Technology demonstration">Technology demonstration</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_education" title="Technology education">Technology education</a> <ul> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Technical_universities_and_colleges" title="Category:Technical universities and colleges">Technical universities and colleges</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_evangelist" title="Technology evangelist">Technology evangelist</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_fusion" title="Technology fusion">Technology fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_governance" title="Technology governance">Technology governance</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_integration" title="Technology integration">Technology integration</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_journalism" title="Technology journalism">Technology journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_management" title="Technology management">Technology management</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_museum" title="Technology museum">Technology museum</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_policy" title="Technology policy">Technology policy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_shock" title="Technology shock">Technology shock</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_strategy" title="Technology strategy">Technology strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_and_society" title="Technology and society">Technology and society</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_transfer" title="Technology transfer">Technology transfer</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technophilia" title="Technophilia">Technophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technophobia" title="Technophobia">Technophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technoself" title="Technoself">Technoself</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technosexual" title="Technosexual">Technosexual</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technosignature" title="Technosignature">Technosignature</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technostress" title="Technostress">Technostress</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20150319185018/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terotechnology" title="Terotechnology">Terotechnology</a></li> </ul> </div> </td> </tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td colspan="2"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"> <div> <ul> <li><img 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