BigQuery locations | Google Cloud

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Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix devsite-no-page-title"> <h1 id="bigquery-locations" data-text="BigQuery locations" tabindex="-1">BigQuery locations</h1> <p>This page explains the concept of <em>location</em> and the different regions where data can be stored and processed. Pricing for storage and analysis is also defined by location of data and reservations. For more information about pricing for locations, see <a href="/bigquery/pricing">BigQuery pricing</a>. To learn how to set the location for your dataset, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/datasets">Create datasets</a>. For information about reservation locations, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/reservations-workload-management#managing_reservations_in_different_regions">Managing reservations in different regions</a>.</p> <p>For more information about how the BigQuery Data Transfer Service uses location, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/dts-locations">Data location and transfers</a>.</p> <h2 id="locations_and_regions" data-text="Locations and regions" tabindex="-1">Locations and regions</h2> <p>BigQuery provides two types of data and compute locations:</p> <ul> <li><p>A <em>region</em> is a specific geographic place, such as London.</p></li> <li><p>A <em>multi-region</em> is a large geographic area, such as the United States, that contains two or more regions. Multi-region locations can provide larger quotas than single regions.</p></li> </ul> <p>For either location type, BigQuery automatically stores copies of your data in two different Google Cloud <a href="/docs/geography-and-regions#regions_and_zones">zones</a> within a single region in the selected location. For more information about data availability and durability, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/reliability-intro#reliability-disaster">Reliability: Disaster planning</a>.</p> <h2 id="supported_locations" data-text="Supported locations" tabindex="-1">Supported locations</h2> <p>BigQuery datasets can be stored in the following regions and multi-regions. For more information about regions and zones, see <a href="/docs/geography-and-regions">Geography and regions</a>.</p> <h3 id="regions" data-text="Regions" tabindex="-1">Regions</h3> The following table lists the regions in the Americas where BigQuery is available. <table> <thead> <tr> <th><b>Region description</b></th> <th><b>Region name</b></th> <th><b>Details</b></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Columbus, Ohio</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east5</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Dallas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-south1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Iowa</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Las Vegas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west4</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Los Angeles</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Montréal</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Northern Virginia</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east4</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Oregon</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Salt Lake City</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west3</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>São Paulo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-east1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Santiago</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-west1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>South Carolina</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Toronto</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast2</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> </tbody> </table> The following table lists the regions in Asia Pacific where BigQuery is available. <table> <thead> <tr> <th><b>Region description</b></th> <th><b>Region name</b></th> <th><b>Details</b></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Delhi</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Hong Kong</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Jakarta</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Melbourne</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Mumbai</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Osaka</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Seoul</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast3</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Singapore</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Sydney</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Taiwan</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Tokyo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> The following table lists the regions in Europe where BigQuery is available. <table> <thead> <tr> <th><b>Region description</b></th> <th><b>Region name</b></th> <th><b>Details</b></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Belgium</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Berlin</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west10</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Finland</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-north1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Frankfurt</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west3</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>London</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west2</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Madrid</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-southwest1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Milan</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west8</code></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Netherlands</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Paris</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west9</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Turin</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west12</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Warsaw</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-central2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Zürich</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west6</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> The following table lists the regions in the Middle East where BigQuery is available. <table> <thead> <tr> <th><b>Region description</b></th> <th><b>Region name</b></th> <th><b>Details</b></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Dammam</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Doha</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Tel Aviv</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-west1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> The following table lists the regions in Africa where BigQuery is available. <table> <thead> <tr> <th><b>Region description</b></th> <th><b>Region name</b></th> <th><b>Details</b></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Johannesburg</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">africa-south1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3 id="multi-regions" data-text="Multi-regions" tabindex="-1">Multi-regions</h3> The following table lists the multi-regions where BigQuery is available. <table> <thead> <tr> <th><b>Multi-region description</b></th> <th><b>Multi-region name</b></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Data centers within <a href="https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/countries_en" target="european-union" class="external">member states</a> of the European Union<sup>1</sup></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Data centers in the United States<sup>2</sup></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <aside class="note"> <b>Note:</b> Selecting a multi-region location does not provide cross-region replication or regional redundancy, so there is no increase in dataset availability in the event of a regional outage. Data is stored in a single region within the geographic location. </aside> <p><sup>1</sup> Data located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region is only stored in one of the following locations: <code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code> (Belgium) or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code> (Netherlands). The exact location in which the data is stored and processed is determined automatically by BigQuery.</p> <p><sup>2</sup> Data located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region is only stored in one of the following locations: <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code> (Iowa), <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code> (Oregon), or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central2</code> (Oklahoma). The exact location in which the data is stored and processed is determined automatically by BigQuery.</p> <h2 id="bqstudio-loc" data-text="BigQuery Studio locations" tabindex="-1">BigQuery Studio locations</h2> <p>BigQuery Studio lets you save, share, and manage versions of code assets such as <a href="/bigquery/docs/notebooks-introduction">notebooks</a> and <a href="/bigquery/docs/saved-queries-introduction">saved queries</a>.</p> <p>The following table lists the regions where BigQuery Studio is available: <table> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th>Region description</th> <th>Region name</th> <th>Details</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Africa</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Johannesburg</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">africa-south1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Americas</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Columbus</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east5</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Dallas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-south1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Iowa</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Los Angeles</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Las Vegas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west4</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Montréal</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>N. Virginia</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east4</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Oregon</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>São Paulo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-east1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>South Carolina</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Asia Pacific</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Hong Kong</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Jakarta</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Mumbai</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Seoul</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast3</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Singapore</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Sydney</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Taiwan</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Europe</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Belgium</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Frankfurt</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west3</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>London</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west2</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Madrid</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-southwest1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Netherlands</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Turin</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west12</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Zürich</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west6</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Middle East</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Doha</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Dammam</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 id="omni-loc" data-text="BigQuery Omni locations" tabindex="-1">BigQuery Omni locations</h2> BigQuery Omni processes queries in the same location as the dataset that contains the tables you're querying. After you create the dataset, the location cannot be changed. Your data resides within your AWS or Azure account. BigQuery Omni regions support Enterprise edition reservations and on-demand compute (analysis) pricing. For more information about editions, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/editions-intro">Introduction to BigQuery editions</a>. <table> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th>Region description</th> <th>Region name</th> <th>Colocated BigQuery region</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>AWS</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>AWS - US East (N. Virginia)</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">aws-us-east-1</code></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east4</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>AWS - US West (Oregon)</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">aws-us-west-2</code></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>AWS - Asia Pacific (Seoul)</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">aws-ap-northeast-2</code></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast3</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>AWS - Asia Pacific (Sydney)</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">aws-ap-southeast-2</code></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast1</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>AWS - Europe (Ireland)</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">aws-eu-west-1</code></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>AWS - Europe (Frankfurt)</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">aws-eu-central-1</code></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west3</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Azure</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Azure - East US 2</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">azure-eastus2</code></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east4</code></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 id="bqml-loc" data-text="BigQuery ML locations" tabindex="-1">BigQuery ML locations</h2> <p>BigQuery ML processes and stages data in the same location as the dataset that contains the data.</p> <p>BigQuery ML stores your data in the selected location in accordance with the <a href="/terms/service-terms#13-google-bigquery-service">Service Specific Terms</a>.</p> <p>BigQuery ML model prediction and other ML functions are supported in all BigQuery regions. Support for model training varies by region:</p> <ul> <li><p>Training for <a href="/bigquery/docs/bqml-introduction#internally_trained_models">internally trained models</a> and <a href="/bigquery/docs/bqml-introduction#imported_models">imported models</a> is supported in all BigQuery regions.</p></li> <li><p>Training for autoencoder, boosted tree, DNN, and wide-and-deep models is available in the multi-regions <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code>, and most single regions. For more information, see <a href="#locations-for-all-other-types-of-models">Locations for all other types of models</a>.</p></li> <li><p>Training for AutoML is supported in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-regions and in most single regions.</p></li> </ul> <h3 id="locations-for-remote-models" data-text="Locations for remote models" tabindex="-1">Locations for remote models</h3> This section contains more information about supported locations for remote models, and about where remote model processing occurs. <br> <h4 id="regional-locations" data-text="Regional locations" tabindex="-1">Regional locations</h4> The following table shows which regions are supported for different types of <a href="/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/bigqueryml-syntax-create-remote-model">remote models</a>. The column name indicates the type remote model. <table> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th>Region description</th> <th>Region name</th> <th>Vertex AI deployed models</th> <th>Text generation LLMs</th> <th>Text embedding LLMs</th> <th>Cloud Natural Language API</th> <th>Cloud Translation API</th> <th>Cloud Vision API</th> <th>Document AI API</th> <th>Speech-to-Text API</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="11" class="alt"><strong>Americas</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Columbus, Ohio</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east5</code></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Dallas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-south1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Iowa</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Las Vegas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west4</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Los Angeles</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Montréal</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Northern Virginia</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east4</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Oregon</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Salt Lake City</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west3</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>São Paulo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-east1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Santiago</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-west1</code></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>South Carolina</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Toronto</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="11" class="alt"><strong>Europe</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Belgium</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Finland</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-north1</code></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Frankfurt</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west3</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>London</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Madrid</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-southwest1</code></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Milan</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west8</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Netherlands</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Paris</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west9</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Turin</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west12</code></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Warsaw</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-central2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Zürich</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west6</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="11" class="alt"><strong>Asia Pacific</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Delhi</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south2</code></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Hong Kong</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Jakarta</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Melbourne</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast2</code></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Mumbai</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Osaka</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast2</code></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Seoul</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast3</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Singapore</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Sydney</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Taiwan</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="11" class="alt"><strong>Middle East</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Dammam</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central2</code></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Doha</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central1</code></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tel Aviv</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-west1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="multi-regional-locations" data-text="Multi-regional locations" tabindex="-1">Multi-regional locations</h4> The following table shows which multi-regions are supported for different types of <a href="/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/bigqueryml-syntax-create-remote-model">remote models</a>. The column name indicates the type remote model. <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Region description</th> <th>Region name</th> <th>Vertex AI deployed models</th> <th>Text generation LLMs</th> <th>Text embedding LLMs</th> <th>Cloud Natural Language API</th> <th>Cloud Translation API</th> <th>Cloud Vision API</th> <th>Document AI API</th> <th>Speech-to-Text API</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Data centers within <a href="https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/countries_en" target="european-union" class="external">member states</a> of the European Union<sup>1</sup></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Data centers in the United States</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="processing-locations-for-hosted-google-models" data-text="Processing locations for hosted Google models" tabindex="-1">Processing locations for hosted Google models</h4> <p>For <a href="/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/bigqueryml-syntax-create-remote-model">remote models</a> over Google model hosted in Vertex AI, the processing location is affected by the location of the dataset in which the remote models resides.</p> <p>If the dataset in which you are creating the remote model is in a single region, the Vertex AI model endpoint must be in the same region. If you specify the model endpoint URL, use the endpoint in the same region as the dataset. For example, if the dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code> region, then specify the endpoint <code translate="no" dir="ltr">https://us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/projects/myproject/locations/us-central1/publishers/google/models/<target_model></code>. If you specify the model name, BigQuery ML automatically chooses the endpoint in the correct region.</p> <p>If the dataset in which you are creating the remote model is in a multi-region, then the Vertex AI model endpoint must be in a region within that multi-region. For example, if the dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">eu</code> multi-region, then you could specify the URL for the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west6</code> region endpoint, <code translate="no" dir="ltr">https://europe-west6-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/projects/myproject/locations/europe-west6/publishers/google/models/<target_model></code>. If you specify the model name instead of the endpoint URL, BigQuery ML defaults to using the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code> endpoint for datasets in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">eu</code> multi-region, and to using the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code> endpoint for datasets in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us</code> multi-region.</p> <h3 id="locations-for-all-other-types-of-models" data-text="Locations for all other types of models" tabindex="-1">Locations for all other types of models</h3> This section contains more information about supported locations for all model types other than remote models. <br> <h4 id="regional-locations_1" data-text="Regional locations" tabindex="-1">Regional locations</h4> <table> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th>Region description</th> <th>Region name</th> <th>Imported<br/>models</th> <th>Built-in<br/>model<br/>training</th> <th>DNN/Autoencoder/<br/>Boosted Tree/<br/>Wide-and-Deep models<br/>training</th> <th>AutoML<br/>model<br/>training</th> <th>Hyperparameter<br/>tuning</th> <th>Vertex AI Model Registry integration</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="10" class="alt"><strong>Americas</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Columbus, Ohio</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east5</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Dallas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-south1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Iowa</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Las Vegas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west4</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Los Angeles</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Montréal</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Northern Virginia</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east4</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Oregon</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Salt Lake City</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west3</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>São Paulo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-east1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Santiago</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-west1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>South Carolina</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Toronto</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" class="alt"><strong>Europe</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Belgium</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Berlin</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west10</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Finland</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-north1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Frankfurt</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west3</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>London</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Madrid</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-southwest1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Milan</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west8</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Netherlands</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Paris</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west9</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Turin</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west12</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Warsaw</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-central2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Zürich</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west6</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" class="alt"><strong>Asia Pacific</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Delhi</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Hong Kong</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Jakarta</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Melbourne</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Mumbai</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Osaka</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Seoul</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast3</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Singapore</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Sydney</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Taiwan</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" class="alt"><strong>Middle East</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Dammam</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central2</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Doha</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-central1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tel Aviv</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">me-west1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="10" class="alt"><strong>Africa</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Johannesburg</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">africa-south1</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h4 id="multi-regional-locations_1" data-text="Multi-regional locations" tabindex="-1">Multi-regional locations</h4> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Region description</th> <th>Region name</th> <th>Imported<br/>models</th> <th>Built-in<br/>model<br/>training</th> <th>DNN/Autoencoder/<br/>Boosted Tree/<br/>Wide-and-Deep models training</th> <th>AutoML<br/>model<br/>training</th> <th>Hyperparameter<br/>tuning</th> <th>Vertex AI Model Registry integration</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Data centers within <a href="https://europa.eu/european-union/about-eu/countries_en" target="european-union" class="external">member states</a> of the European Union<sup>1</sup></td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Data centers in the United States</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code></td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> <td aria-label="available" align=center valign=center>●</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><sup>1</sup> Data located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region is not stored in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west2</code> (London) or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west6</code> (Zürich) data centers.</p> <p>Vertex AI Model Registry integration is supported only for single region integrations. If you send a multi-region BigQuery ML model to the Model Registry, then it is converted to a regional model in Vertex AI. A BigQuery ML multi-region US model is synced to Vertex AI <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code> and a BigQuery ML multi-region EU model is synced to Vertex AI <code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code>. For single region models, there are no changes.</p> <h2 id="sql-translator-loc" data-text="BigQuery SQL translator locations" tabindex="-1">BigQuery SQL translator locations</h2> <p>When migrating data from your legacy data warehouse into BigQuery, you can use several SQL translators to translate your SQL queries into GoogleSQL or other supported SQL dialects. These include the <a href="/bigquery/docs/interactive-sql-translator">interactive SQL translator</a>, the <a href="/bigquery/docs/api-sql-translator">SQL translation API</a>, and the <a href="/bigquery/docs/batch-sql-translator">batch SQL translator</a>.</p> <p>The BigQuery SQL translators are available in the following processing locations:</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th><b>Region description</b></th> <th><b>Region name</b></th> <th><b>Details</b></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Asia Pacific</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Mumbai</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Singapore</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Sydney</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Europe</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>EU multi-region</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">eu</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Warsaw</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-central2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Finland</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-north1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Madrid</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-southwest1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Belgium</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>London</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west2</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Frankfurt</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west3</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Netherlands</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Zürich</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west6</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Paris</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west9</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Turin</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west12</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Americas</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Québec</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>São Paulo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-east1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>US multi-region</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Iowa</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>South Carolina</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Northern Virginia</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east4</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Columbus, Ohio</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east5</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Dallas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-south1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Oregon</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Los Angeles</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Salt Lake City</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west3</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 id="pc-recommender-loc" data-text="BigQuery partition and cluster recommender" tabindex="-1">BigQuery partition and cluster recommender</h2> <p>The <a href="/bigquery/docs/manage-partition-cluster-recommendations">BigQuery partitioning and clustering recommender</a> generates partition or cluster recommendations to optimize your BigQuery tables.</p> <p>The partitioning and clustering recommender is available in the following processing locations:</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th></th> <th><b>Region description</b></th> <th><b>Region name</b></th> <th><b>Details</b></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Asia Pacific</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Delhi</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Hong Kong</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Jakarta</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Mumbai</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-south1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Osaka</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Seoul</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast3</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Singapore</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-southeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Sydney</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">australia-southeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Taiwan</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-east1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Tokyo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Europe</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Belgium</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Berlin</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west10</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>EU multi-region</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">eu</code></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Frankfurt</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west3</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>London</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west2</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Netherlands</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Zürich</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west6</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" class="alt"><strong>Americas</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Iowa</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Las Vegas</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west4</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Los Angeles</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west2</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Montréal</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Northern Virginia</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-east4</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Oregon</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Salt Lake City</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west3</code></td> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>São Paulo</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">southamerica-east1</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>Toronto</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">northamerica-northeast2</code></td> <td> <img src="/static/sustainability/region-carbon/gleaf.svg" width="18" alt="leaf icon"> <a href="/sustainability/region-carbon#region-picker" track-type="inline link">Low CO<sub>2</sub></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td></td> <td>US multi-region</td> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">us</code></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 id="specify_locations" data-text="Specify locations" tabindex="-1">Specify locations</h2> <p>When loading data, querying data, or exporting data, BigQuery determines the location to run the job based on the datasets referenced in the request. For example, if a query references a table in a dataset stored in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code> region, the query job will run in that region.</p> <p>If a query does not reference any tables or other resources contained within datasets, and no destination table is provided, the query job will run in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region. To ensure that BigQuery queries are stored in a specific region or multi-region, specify the location with the job request to route the query accordingly when using the global BigQuery endpoint. If you don't specify the location, queries may be temporarily stored in BigQuery router logs when the query is used for determining the processing location in BigQuery.</p> <p>If the <a href="/bigquery/docs/resource-hierarchy#projects">project</a> has a capacity-based reservation in a region other than the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> and the query does not reference any tables or other resources contained within datasets, then you must explicitly specify the location of the capacity-based reservation when submitting the job. Capacity-based commitments are tied to a location, such as <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code>. If you run a job outside the location of your capacity, pricing for that job automatically shifts to on-demand pricing.</p> <p>You can specify the location to run a job explicitly in the following ways:</p> <ul> <li>When you query data using the Google Cloud console in the query editor, click <span class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true" translate="no">settings</span> <strong>More > Query settings</strong>, expand <strong>Advanced options</strong>, and then select your <strong>Data location</strong>.</li> <li>When you use the bq command-line tool, supply the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">--location</code> <a href="/bigquery/docs/reference/bq-cli-reference#global_flags">global flag</a> and set the value to your location.</li> <li>When you use the API, specify your region in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">location</code> property in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">jobReference</code> section of the <a href="/bigquery/docs/reference/rest/v2/jobs">job resource</a>.</li> </ul> <p>BigQuery returns an error if the specified location does not match the location of the datasets in the request. The location of every dataset involved in the request, including those read from and those written to, must match the location of the job as inferred or specified.</p> <p>Single-region locations don't match multi-region locations, even where the single-region location is contained within the multi-region location. Therefore, a query or job will fail if the location includes both a single-region location and a multi-region location. For example, if a job's location is set to <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code>, the job will fail if it references a dataset in <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code>. Likewise, a job that references one dataset in <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> and another dataset in <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code> will fail. This is also true for <code translate="no" dir="ltr">JOIN</code> statements with tables in both a region and a multi-region.</p> <p><a href="/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/procedural-language#execute_immediate">Dynamic queries</a> aren't parsed until they execute, so they can't be used to automatically determine the region of a query.</p> <h2 id="locations_reservations_and_jobs" data-text="Locations, reservations, and jobs" tabindex="-1">Locations, reservations, and jobs</h2> <p>Capacity commitments are a regional resource. When you buy slots, those slots are limited to a specific region or multi-region. If your only capacity commitment is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> then you can't create a reservation in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code>. When you create a reservation, you specify a location (region) and a number of slots. Those slots are pulled from your capacity commitment in that region.</p> <p>Likewise, when you run a job in a region, it only uses a reservation if the location of the job matches the location of a reservation. For example, if you assign a reservation to a project in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> and run a query in that project on a dataset located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code>, then that query is not run on your <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> reservation. In the absence of any <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> reservation, the job is run as on-demand.</p> <h2 id="data-locations" data-text="Location considerations" tabindex="-1">Location considerations</h2> <p>When you choose a location for your data, consider the following:</p> <h3 id="storage-location-considerations" data-text="Cloud Storage" tabindex="-1">Cloud Storage</h3> <p>You can interact with Cloud Storage data using BigQuery in the following ways:</p> <ul> <li><a href="#query-storage-data-location">Query Cloud Storage data</a> using BigLake or non-BigLake external tables</li> <li><a href="/bigquery/docs/locations#load-data-location-considerations">Load Cloud Storage data into BigQuery</a></li> <li><a href="/bigquery/docs/locations#export-data-location-considerations">Export data from BigQuery into Cloud Storage</a></li> </ul> <h4 id="query-storage-data-location" data-text="Query Cloud Storage data" tabindex="-1">Query Cloud Storage data</h4> <p>When you query data in Cloud Storage by using a <a href="/bigquery/docs/query-cloud-storage-using-biglake">BigLake</a> or a <a href="/bigquery/docs/query-cloud-storage-data">non-BigLake external table</a>, the data you query must be colocated with your BigQuery dataset. For example:</p> <ul> <li><p><a href="/storage/docs/locations#location-r">Single region bucket</a>: If your BigQuery dataset is in the Warsaw (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-central2</code>) region, the corresponding Cloud Storage bucket must also be in the Warsaw region, or any Cloud Storage dual-region that includes Warsaw. If your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region, then Cloud Storage bucket can be in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region, the Iowa (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code>) single region, or any dual-region that includes Iowa. Queries from any other single region fails, even if the bucket is in a location that is contained within the multi-region of the dataset. For example, if the external tables are in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region and the Cloud Storage bucket is in Oregon (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code>), the job fails.</p> <p>If your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region, then Cloud Storage bucket can be in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region, the Belgium (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code>) single region, or any dual-region that includes Belgium. Queries from any other single region fails, even if the bucket is in a location that is contained within the multi-region of the dataset. For example, if the external tables are in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region and the Cloud Storage bucket is in Warsaw (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-central2</code>), the job fails.</p></li> <li><p><a href="/storage/docs/locations#location-dr">Dual-region bucket</a>: If your BigQuery dataset is in the Tokyo (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code>) region, the corresponding Cloud Storage bucket must be in the Tokyo region, or in a dual-region that includes Tokyo, like the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">ASIA1</code> dual-region.</p> <p>If the Cloud Storage bucket is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">NAM4</code> dual-region or any dual-region that includes the Iowa(<code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code>) region, the corresponding BigQuery dataset can be in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region or in the Iowa(<code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code>).</p> <p>If Cloud Storage bucket is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EUR4</code> dual-region or any dual-region that includes the Belgium(<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code>) region, the corresponding BigQuery dataset can be in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region or in the Belgium(<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code>).</p></li> <li><p><a href="/storage/docs/locations#location-mr">Multi-region bucket</a>: Using multi-region dataset locations with multi-region Cloud Storage buckets is <strong>not</strong> recommended for external tables, because external query performance depends on minimal latency and optimal network bandwidth.</p> <p>If your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region, the corresponding Cloud Storage bucket must be in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region, in a dual-region that includes Iowa (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code>), like the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">NAM4</code> dual-region, or in a custom dual-region that includes Iowa (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-central1</code>).</p> <p>If your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region, the corresponding Cloud Storage bucket must be in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region, in a dual-region that includes Belgium (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code>), like the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EUR4</code> dual-region, or in a custom dual-region that includes Belgium.</p></li> </ul> <p>For more information about supported Cloud Storage locations, see <a href="/storage/docs/bucket-locations">Bucket locations</a> in the Cloud Storage documentation.</p> <h4 id="load-data-location-considerations" data-text="Load data from Cloud Storage" tabindex="-1">Load data from Cloud Storage</h4> <p>When you <a href="/bigquery/docs/batch-loading-data">load data from Cloud Storage</a>, the data you load must be colocated with your BigQuery dataset. </p> <ul> <li><p>You can load data from a Cloud Storage bucket located in <b>any</b> location if your BigQuery dataset is located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region.</p></li> <li><a href="/storage/docs/locations#location-mr">Multi-region bucket</a>: If the Cloud Storage bucket that you want to load from is located in a multi-region bucket, then your BigQuery dataset can be in the same multi-region bucket or any single region that is included in the same multi-region bucket. For example, if the Cloud Storage bucket is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> region, then your BigQuery dataset can be in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region or any single region in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code>.</li> <li><P><a href="/storage/docs/locations#location-dr">Dual-region bucket</a>: If the Cloud Storage bucket that you want to load from is located in a dual-region bucket, then your BigQuery dataset can be located in regions that are included in the dual-region bucket, or in a multi-region that includes the dual-region. For example, if your Cloud Storage bucket is located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EUR4</code> region, then your BigQuery dataset can be located in either the Finland (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-north1</code>) single-region, the Netherlands (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west4</code>) single-region, or the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region.</p></li> <li><p><a href="/storage/docs/locations#location-r">Single region bucket</a>: If your Cloud Storage bucket that you want to load from is in a single-region, your BigQuery dataset can be in the same single-region, or in the multi-region that includes the single-region. For example, if you Cloud Storage bucket is in the Finland (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-north1</code>) region, your BigQuery dataset can be in the Finland or the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region.</p> <li><p>One exception is that if your BigQuery dataset is located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code> region, then your Cloud Storage bucket can be located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region.</p></li> </ul> <p>For more information, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/batch-loading-data">Batch loading data</a>.</p> <h4 id="export-data-location-considerations" data-text="Export data into Cloud Storage" tabindex="-1">Export data into Cloud Storage</h4> Colocate your Cloud Storage buckets for exporting data: <ul> <li>If your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region, the Cloud Storage bucket containing the data that you export must be in the same multi-region or in a location that is contained within the multi-region. For example, if your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">EU</code> multi-region, the Cloud Storage bucket can be located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code> Belgium region, which is within the EU. <p>If your dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region, you can export data into a Cloud Storage bucket in any location.</p></li> <li>If your dataset is in a region, your Cloud Storage bucket must be in the same region. For example, if your dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code> Tokyo region, your Cloud Storage bucket cannot be in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">ASIA</code> multi-region.</li> </ul> <p>For more information, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/exporting-data">Exporting table data</a>.</p> <h3 id="bigtable-location-considerations" data-text="Bigtable" tabindex="-1">Bigtable</h3> <p>You must consider location when querying data from Bigtable or exporting data to Bigtable.</p> <h4 id="bigtable-query" data-text="Query Bigtable data" tabindex="-1">Query Bigtable data</h4> <p>When you <a href="/bigquery/docs/external-data-bigtable">query data in Bigtable</a> through a BigQuery <a href="/bigquery/docs/external-tables">external table</a>, your Bigtable instance must be in the same location as your BigQuery dataset:</p> <ul> <li>Single region: If your BigQuery dataset is in the Belgium (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code>) regional location, the corresponding Bigtable instance must be in the Belgium region.</li> <li>Multi-region: Because external query performance depends on minimal latency and optimal network bandwidth, using multi-region dataset locations is <strong>not</strong> recommended for external tables on Bigtable.</li> </ul> <p>For more information about supported Bigtable locations, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/external-data-bigtable#supported_regions_and_zones">Bigtable locations</a>.</p> <h4 id="bigtable-export" data-text="Export data to Bigtable" tabindex="-1">Export data to Bigtable</h4> <ul> <li>If your BigQuery dataset is in a multi-region, your <a href="/bigtable/docs/app-profiles">Bigtable app profile</a> must be configured to route data to a Bigtable cluster within that multi-region. For example, if your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region, the Bigtable cluster can be located in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">us-west1</code> (Oregon) region, which is within the United States.</li> <li>If your BigQuery dataset is in a single region, your <a href="/bigtable/docs/app-profiles">Bigtable app profile</a> must be configured to route data to a Bigtable cluster in the same region. For example, if your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code> (Tokyo) region, your Bigtable cluster must also be in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">asia-northeast1</code> (Tokyo) region.</li> </ul> <h3 id="google-drive-location-considerations" data-text="Google Drive" tabindex="-1">Google Drive</h3> <p>Location considerations do not apply to <a href="/bigquery/external-data-drive">Google Drive</a> external data sources.</p> <h3 id="sql-location-considerations" data-text="Cloud SQL" tabindex="-1">Cloud SQL</h3> <p>When you <a href="/bigquery/docs/cloud-sql-federated-queries">query data in Cloud SQL</a> through a BigQuery <a href="/bigquery/docs/federated-queries-intro">federated query</a>, your Cloud SQL instance must be in the same location as your BigQuery dataset.</p> <ul> <li>Single region: If your BigQuery dataset is in the Belgium (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code>) regional location, the corresponding Cloud SQL instance must be in the Belgium region.</li> <li>Multi-region: If your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region, the corresponding Cloud SQL instance must be in a single region in the US geographic area.</li> </ul> <p>For more information about supported Cloud SQL locations, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/federated-queries-intro#supported_regions">Cloud SQL locations</a>.</p> <h3 id="spanner-location-considerations" data-text="Spanner" tabindex="-1">Spanner</h3> <p>When you <a href="/bigquery/docs/spanner-federated-queries">query data in Spanner</a> through a BigQuery <a href="/bigquery/docs/federated-queries-intro">federated query</a>, your Spanner instance must be in the same location as your BigQuery dataset.</p> <ul> <li>Single region: If your BigQuery dataset is in the Belgium (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">europe-west1</code>) regional location, the corresponding Spanner instance must be in the Belgium region.</li> <li>Multi-region: If your BigQuery dataset is in the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">US</code> multi-region, the corresponding Spanner instance must be in a single region in the US geographic area.</li> </ul> <p>For more information about supported Spanner locations, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/federated-queries-intro#supported_regions">Spanner locations</a>.</p> <h3 id="analysis_tools" data-text="Analysis tools" tabindex="-1">Analysis tools</h3> Colocate your BigQuery dataset with your <a href="/bigquery/docs/query-overview">analysis tools</a>: <ul> <li><a href="/dataproc/docs/concepts/overview">Dataproc</a>: When you query BigQuery datasets using a <a href="/dataproc/docs/concepts/connectors/bigquery"> BigQuery connector</a>, your BigQuery dataset should be colocated with your Dataproc cluster.</li> Dataproc is supported in all <a href="/compute/docs/regions-zones#available"> Compute Engine locations</a>. <li><a href="/vertex-ai/docs/workbench/introduction">Vertex AI Workbench</a>: When you query BigQuery datasets using <a href="/bigquery/docs/programmatic-analysis#jupyter_notebooks"> Jupyter notebooks</a> in Vertex AI Workbench, your BigQuery dataset should be colocated with your Vertex AI Workbench instance.</li> View the <a href="/vertex-ai/docs/general/locations#vertex-ai-workbench-locations">supported Vertex AI Workbench locations</a>. </ul> <h3 id="data_management_plans" data-text="Data management plans" tabindex="-1">Data management plans</h3> Develop a data management plan: <ul> <li>If you choose a regional storage resource such as a BigQuery dataset or a Cloud Storage bucket, develop a plan for <a href="/docs/geography-and-regions#geographic_management_of_data">geographically managing your data</a>.</li> </ul> <h2 id="restrict_locations" data-text="Restrict locations" tabindex="-1">Restrict locations</h2> <p>You can restrict the locations in which your datasets can be created by using the <a href="/resource-manager/docs/organization-policy/overview">Organization Policy Service</a>. For more information, see <a href="/resource-manager/docs/organization-policy/defining-locations">Restricting resource locations</a> and <a href="/resource-manager/docs/organization-policy/defining-locations-supported-services#bigquery">Resource locations supported services</a>.</p> <h2 id="dataset_security" data-text="Dataset security" tabindex="-1">Dataset security</h2> <p>To control access to datasets in BigQuery, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/control-access-to-resources-iam">Controlling access to datasets</a>. For information about data encryption, see <a href="/bigquery/docs/encryption-at-rest">Encryption at rest</a>.</p> <h2 id="whats_next" data-text="What's next" tabindex="-1">What's next</h2> <ul> <li>Learn how to <a href="/bigquery/docs/datasets">create datasets</a>.</li> <li>Learn about <a href="/bigquery/docs/loading-data">loading data into BigQuery</a>.</li> <li>Learn about BigQuery <a href="/bigquery/pricing">pricing</a>.</li> <li><a href="/about/locations#region">View all the Google Cloud services available in locations worldwide</a>.</li> <li><a href="/docs/geography-and-regions">Explore additional location-based concepts</a>, such as zones, that apply to other Google Cloud services.</li> </ul> <devsite-hats-survey class="nocontent" hats-id="Nd7nTix2o0eU5NUYprb0ThtUc5jf" listnr-id="83405"></devsite-hats-survey> </div> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <devsite-feedback position="footer" project-name="BigQuery" product-id="81912" bucket="docs" context="" version="t-devsite-webserver-20241114-r00-rc02.464922260396498922" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="footer" class="nocontent" project-feedback-url="https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/new?component=187149&template=0" project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/cloud/images/favicons/onecloud/super_cloud.png" project-support-url="https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/getting-support" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> <p>Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License</a>, and code samples are licensed under the <a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache 2.0 License</a>. 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