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ultrasound</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: laser ultrasound"> <meta name="keywords" content="laser ultrasound"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="laser ultrasound"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1323</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: laser ultrasound</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1323</span> Enhancing of Laser Imaging by Using Ultrasound Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayder%20Raad%20Hafuze">Hayder Raad Hafuze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munqith%20Saleem%20Dawood"> Munqith Saleem Dawood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Abdul%20Jabbar"> Jamal Abdul Jabbar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of using both ultrasounds with laser in medical imaging of the biological tissue has been studied in this paper. Different wave lengths of incident laser light (405 nm, 532 nm, 650 nm, 808 nm and 1064 nm) were used with different ultrasound frequencies (1MHz and 3.3MHz). The results showed that, the change of acoustic intensity enhance the laser penetration of the tissue for different thickness. The existence of the ideal Raman-Nath diffraction pattern were investigated in terms of phase delay and incident angle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue" title="tissue">tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title=" laser"> laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect" title=" effect"> effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging" title=" imaging "> imaging </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517/enhancing-of-laser-imaging-by-using-ultrasound-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1322</span> Laser-Ultrasonic Method for Measuring the Local Elastic Moduli of Porosity Isotropic Composite Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20A.%20Karabutov">Alexander A. Karabutov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20B.%20Podymova"> Natalia B. Podymova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20B.%20Cherepetskaya"> Elena B. Cherepetskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20A.%20Makarov"> Vladimir A. Makarov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yulia%20G.%20Sokolovskaya"> Yulia G. Sokolovskaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The laser-ultrasonic method is realized for quantifying the influence of porosity on the local Young’s modulus of isotropic composite materials. The method is based on a laser generation of ultrasound pulses combined with measurement of the phase velocity of longitudinal and shear acoustic waves in samples. The main advantage of this method compared with traditional ultrasonic research methods is the efficient generation of short and powerful probing acoustic pulses required for reliable testing of ultrasound absorbing and scattering heterogeneous materials. Using as an example samples of a metal matrix composite with reinforcing microparticles of silicon carbide in various concentrations, it is shown that to provide an effective increase in Young’s modulus with increasing concentration of microparticles, the porosity of the final sample should not exceed 2%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ultrasonic" title="laser ultrasonic">laser ultrasonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20and%20shear%20ultrasonic%20waves" title=" longitudinal and shear ultrasonic waves"> longitudinal and shear ultrasonic waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity" title=" porosity"> porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title=" composite"> composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20elastic%20moduli" title=" local elastic moduli"> local elastic moduli</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36229/laser-ultrasonic-method-for-measuring-the-local-elastic-moduli-of-porosity-isotropic-composite-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1321</span> Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy versus Ultrasound on Musculoskeletal Conditions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Anis%20Fakhrey%20Mosaad">Andrew Anis Fakhrey Mosaad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions are a major contributing factor in disability. This becomes more challenging as the world population is witnessing an increase in the geriatric population. Various treatment strategies are being researched to provide the most effective and non-invasive approach. To date, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is one of the emerging modalities to treat different musculoskeletal conditions in physical therapy practice. Physical therapy practice uses different modalities to control pain and inflammation. LLLT has been under research for the last two decades and has shown varying results. This literature review focuses on the effectiveness of LLLT in different musculoskeletal conditions. Using search engines of PubMed and Google Scholar, a number of articles have been reviewed based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. LLLT shows promising results in treating different musculoskeletal conditions. However, clinicians need to ensure to follow the recommended dosage parameters for specific musculoskeletal conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal%20conditions" title="musculoskeletal conditions">musculoskeletal conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20level%20laser%20therapy" title=" low level laser therapy"> low level laser therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelength" title=" wavelength"> wavelength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain%20and%20inflammation" title=" pain and inflammation"> pain and inflammation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167661/effect-of-low-level-laser-therapy-versus-ultrasound-on-musculoskeletal-conditions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167661.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1320</span> Laser Ultrasonic Imaging Based on Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sundara%20Subramanian%20Karuppasamy">Sundara Subramanian Karuppasamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Che%20Hua%20Yang"> Che Hua Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, the laser ultrasound technique has been used for analyzing and imaging the inner defects in metal blocks. To detect the defects in blocks, traditionally the researchers used piezoelectric transducers for the generation and reception of ultrasonic signals. These transducers can be configured into the sparse and phased array. But these two configurations have their drawbacks including the requirement of many transducers, time-consuming calculations, limited bandwidth, and provide confined image resolution. Here, we focus on the non-contact method for generating and receiving the ultrasound to examine the inner defects in aluminum blocks. A Q-switched pulsed laser has been used for the generation and the reception is done by using Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV). Based on the Doppler effect, LDV provides a rapid and high spatial resolution way for sensing ultrasonic waves. From the LDV, a series of scanning points are selected which serves as the phased array elements. The side-drilled hole of 10 mm diameter with a depth of 25 mm has been introduced and the defect is interrogated by the linear array of scanning points obtained from the LDV. With the aid of the Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique (SAFT) algorithm, based on the time-shifting principle the inspected images are generated from the A-scan data acquired from the 1-D linear phased array elements. Thus the defect can be precisely detected with good resolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ultrasonics" title="laser ultrasonics">laser ultrasonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20phased%20array" title=" linear phased array"> linear phased array</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nondestructive%20testing" title=" nondestructive testing"> nondestructive testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthetic%20aperture%20focusing%20technique" title=" synthetic aperture focusing technique"> synthetic aperture focusing technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic%20imaging" title=" ultrasonic imaging"> ultrasonic imaging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130962/laser-ultrasonic-imaging-based-on-synthetic-aperture-focusing-technique-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1319</span> Study on Discontinuity Properties of Phased-Array Ultrasound Transducer Affecting to Sound Pressure Fields Pattern</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tran%20Trong%20Thang">Tran Trong Thang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nguyen%20Phan%20Kien"> Nguyen Phan Kien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trinh%20Quang%20Duc"> Trinh Quang Duc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phased-array ultrasound transducer types are utilities for medical ultrasonography as well as optical imaging. However, their discontinuity characteristic limits the applications due to the artifacts contaminated into the reconstructed images. Because of the effects of the ultrasound pressure field pattern to the echo ultrasonic waves as well as the optical modulated signal, the side lobes of the focused ultrasound beam induced by discontinuity of the phased-array ultrasound transducer might the reason of the artifacts. In this paper, a simple method in approach of numerical simulation was used to investigate the limitation of discontinuity of the elements in phased-array ultrasound transducer and their effects to the ultrasound pressure field. Take into account the change of ultrasound pressure field patterns in the conditions of variation of the pitches between elements of the phased-array ultrasound transducer, the appropriated parameters for phased-array ultrasound transducer design were asserted quantitatively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phased-array%20ultrasound%20transducer" title="phased-array ultrasound transducer">phased-array ultrasound transducer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sound%20pressure%20pattern" title=" sound pressure pattern"> sound pressure pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discontinuous%20sound%20field" title=" discontinuous sound field"> discontinuous sound field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20visualization" title=" numerical visualization"> numerical visualization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15171/study-on-discontinuity-properties-of-phased-array-ultrasound-transducer-affecting-to-sound-pressure-fields-pattern" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1318</span> Laser Ultrasonic Diagnostics and Acoustic Emission Technique for Examination of Rock Specimens under Uniaxial Compression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20B.%20Cherepetskaya">Elena B. Cherepetskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20A.%20Makarov"> Vladimir A. Makarov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20V.%20Morozov"> Dmitry V. Morozov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20E.%20Sas"> Ivan E. Sas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laboratory studies of the stress-strain behavior of rocks specimens were conducted by using acoustic emission and laser-ultrasonic diagnostics. The sensitivity of the techniques allowed changes in the internal structure of the specimens under uniaxial compressive load to be examined at micro- and macro scales. It was shown that microcracks appear in geologic materials when the stress level reaches about 50% of breaking strength. Also, the characteristic stress of the main crack formation was registered in the process of single-stage compression of rocks. On the base of laser-ultrasonic echoscopy, 2D visualization of the internal structure of rocky soil specimens was realized, and the microcracks arising during uniaxial compression were registered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20emission" title="acoustic emission">acoustic emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geomaterial" title=" geomaterial"> geomaterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ultrasound" title=" laser ultrasound"> laser ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniaxial%20compression" title=" uniaxial compression"> uniaxial compression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54531/laser-ultrasonic-diagnostics-and-acoustic-emission-technique-for-examination-of-rock-specimens-under-uniaxial-compression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1317</span> Comparative Study Between Continuous Versus Pulsed Ultrasound in Knee Osteoarthritis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karim%20Mohamed%20Fawzy%20Ghuiba">Karim Mohamed Fawzy Ghuiba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20Aldeen%20Abd%20Al%20Hakeem%20Balbaa"> Alaa Aldeen Abd Al Hakeem Balbaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shams%20Elbaz"> Shams Elbaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: To compare between the effects continuous and pulsed ultrasound on pain and function in patient with knee osteoarthritis. Design: Randomized-Single blinded Study. Participants: 6 patients with knee osteoarthritis with mean age 53.66±3.61years, Altman Grade II or III. Interventions: Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups; Group A received continuous ultrasound and Group B received pulsed ultrasound. Outcome measures: Effects of pulsed and continuous ultrasound were evaluated by pain threshold assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) scores and function assessed by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) scores. Results: There was no significant decrease in VAS and WOMAC scores in patients treated with pulsed or continuous ultrasound; and there were no significant differences between both groups. Conclusion: there is no difference between the effects of pulsed and continuous ultrasound in pain relief or functional outcome in patients with knee osteoarthritis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knee%20osteoarthritis" title="knee osteoarthritis">knee osteoarthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsed%20ultrasound" title=" pulsed ultrasound"> pulsed ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20therapy" title=" ultrasound therapy"> ultrasound therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20ultrasound" title=" continuous ultrasound"> continuous ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45728/comparative-study-between-continuous-versus-pulsed-ultrasound-in-knee-osteoarthritis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1316</span> CFD Modeling of Mixing Enhancement in a Pitted Micromixer by High Frequency Ultrasound Waves </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faezeh%20Mohammadi">Faezeh Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Ebrahimi"> Ebrahim Ebrahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neda%20Azimi"> Neda Azimi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Use of ultrasound waves is one of the techniques for increasing the mixing and mass transfer in the microdevices. Ultrasound propagation into liquid medium leads to stimulation of the fluid, creates turbulence and so increases the mixing performance. In this study, CFD modeling of two-phase flow in a pitted micromixer equipped with a piezoelectric with frequency of 1.7 MHz has been studied. CFD modeling of micromixer at different velocity of fluid flow in the absence of ultrasound waves and with ultrasound application has been performed. The hydrodynamic of fluid flow and mixing efficiency for using ultrasound has been compared with the layout of no ultrasound application. The result of CFD modeling shows well agreements with the experimental results. The results showed that the flow pattern inside the micromixer in the absence of ultrasound waves is parallel, while when ultrasound has been applied, it is not parallel. In fact, propagation of ultrasound energy into the fluid flow in the studied micromixer changed the hydrodynamic and the forms of the flow pattern and caused to mixing enhancement. In general, from the CFD modeling results, it can be concluded that the applying ultrasound energy into the liquid medium causes an increase in the turbulences and mixing and consequently, improves the mass transfer rate within the micromixer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD%20modeling" title="CFD modeling">CFD modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixing" title=" mixing"> mixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20transfer" title=" mass transfer"> mass transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102598/cfd-modeling-of-mixing-enhancement-in-a-pitted-micromixer-by-high-frequency-ultrasound-waves" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1315</span> Ophthalmic Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Retinoblastoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20Algaeed">Abdulrahman Algaeed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Ophthalmic Ultrasound is the easiest method of early diagnosing Retinoblastoma after clinical examination. It can be done with ease without sedation. King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital is a tertiary care center where Retinoblastoma patients are often seen and treated there. The first modality to rule out the disease is Ophthalmic Ultrasound. Classic Retinoblastoma is easily diagnosed by using the conventional 10MHz Ophthalmic Ultrasound probe in the regular clinic setup. Retinal lesion with multiple, very highly reflective surfaces within lesion typical of Calcium deposits. The use of Standardized A-scan is very useful where internal reflectivity is classified as very highly reflective. Color Doppler is extremely useful as well to show the blood flow within lesion/s. In conclusion: Ophthalmic Ultrasound should be the first tool to be used to diagnose Retinoblastoma after clinical examination. The accuracy of the Exam is very high. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=doppler" title="doppler">doppler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retinoblastoma" title=" retinoblastoma"> retinoblastoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflectivity" title=" reflectivity"> reflectivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165364/ophthalmic-ultrasound-in-the-diagnosis-of-retinoblastoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1314</span> Graphic Procession Unit-Based Parallel Processing for Inverse Computation of Full-Field Material Properties Based on Quantitative Laser Ultrasound Visualization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Po%20Tseng">Sheng-Po Tseng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Che-Hua%20Yang"> Che-Hua Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Motivation and Objective: Ultrasonic guided waves become an important tool for nondestructive evaluation of structures and components. Guided waves are used for the purpose of identifying defects or evaluating material properties in a nondestructive way. While guided waves are applied for evaluating material properties, instead of knowing the properties directly, preliminary signals such as time domain signals or frequency domain spectra are first revealed. With the measured ultrasound data, inversion calculation can be further employed to obtain the desired mechanical properties. Methods: This research is development of high speed inversion calculation technique for obtaining full-field mechanical properties from the quantitative laser ultrasound visualization system (QLUVS). The quantitative laser ultrasound visualization system (QLUVS) employs a mirror-controlled scanning pulsed laser to generate guided acoustic waves traveling in a two-dimensional target. Guided waves are detected with a piezoelectric transducer located at a fixed location. With a gyro-scanning of the generation source, the QLUVS has the advantage of fast, full-field, and quantitative inspection. Results and Discussions: This research introduces two important tools to improve the computation efficiency. Firstly, graphic procession unit (GPU) with large amount of cores are introduced. Furthermore, combining the CPU and GPU cores, parallel procession scheme is developed for the inversion of full-field mechanical properties based on the QLUVS data. The newly developed inversion scheme is applied to investigate the computation efficiency for single-layered and double-layered plate-like samples. The computation efficiency is shown to be 80 times faster than unparalleled computation scheme. Conclusions: This research demonstrates a high-speed inversion technique for the characterization of full-field material properties based on quantitative laser ultrasound visualization system. Significant computation efficiency is shown, however not reaching the limit yet. Further improvement can be reached by improving the parallel computation. Utilizing the development of the full-field mechanical property inspection technology, full-field mechanical property measured by non-destructive, high-speed and high-precision measurements can be obtained in qualitative and quantitative results. The developed high speed computation scheme is ready for applications where full-field mechanical properties are needed in a nondestructive and nearly real-time way. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guided%20waves" title="guided waves">guided waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20characterization" title=" material characterization"> material characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nondestructive%20evaluation" title=" nondestructive evaluation"> nondestructive evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20processing" title=" parallel processing"> parallel processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92173/graphic-procession-unit-based-parallel-processing-for-inverse-computation-of-full-field-material-properties-based-on-quantitative-laser-ultrasound-visualization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1313</span> Wobbled Laser Beam Welding for Macro-to Micro-Fabrication Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzad%20Vakili-Farahani">Farzad Vakili-Farahani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joern%20Lungershausen"> Joern Lungershausen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kilian%20Wasmer"> Kilian Wasmer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wobbled laser beam welding, fast oscillations of a tiny laser beam within a designed path (weld geometry) during the laser pulse illumination, opens new possibilities to improve the marco-to micro-manufacturing process. The present work introduces the wobbled laser beam welding as a robust welding strategy for improving macro-to micro-fabrication process, e.g., the laser processing for gap-bridging and packaging industry. The typical requisites and relevant equipment for the development of a wobbled laser processing unit are addressed, including a suitable laser source, light delivery system, optics, proper beam deflection system and the design geometry. In addition, experiments have been carried out on titanium plate to compare the results of wobbled laser welding with conventional pulsed laser welding. As compared to the pulsed laser welding, the wobbled laser welding offers a much greater fusion area (i.e. additional molten material) while minimizing the HAZ and provides a better confinement of the material microstructural changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wobbled%20laser%20beam%20welding" title="wobbled laser beam welding">wobbled laser beam welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wobbling%20function" title=" wobbling function"> wobbling function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam%20oscillation" title=" beam oscillation"> beam oscillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20welding" title=" micro welding"> micro welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56603/wobbled-laser-beam-welding-for-macro-to-micro-fabrication-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56603.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1312</span> Effect of Ultrasound on the Hydrolysis of Soy Oil Catalyzed by 1,3-Specific Lipase Abstract </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Abd%20Awadallak">Jamal Abd Awadallak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thiago%20Olinek%20Reinehr"> Thiago Olinek Reinehr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eduardo%20Raizer"> Eduardo Raizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deise%20Molinari"> Deise Molinari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edson%20Antonio"> Edson Antonio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camila%20da%20Silva%20da%20Silva"> Camila da Silva da Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hydrolysis of soy oil catalyzed by 1,3-specific enzyme (Lecitase Ultra) in a well-stirred bioreactor was studied. Two forms of applications of the ultrasound were evaluated aiming to increase reaction rates, wherein the use of probe ultrasound associated with the use of surfactant to pre-emulsify the substrate showed the best results. Two different reaction periods were found: the first where the ultrasound has great influence on reaction rates, and the second where ultrasound influence is minimal. Studies on the time of pre-emulsification, surfactant concentration and enzyme concentration showed that the initial rate of hydrolysis depends on the interfacial area between the oil phase and the aqueous phase containing the enzyme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20enzyme" title="specific enzyme">specific enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20fatty%20acids" title=" free fatty acids"> free fatty acids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hydrolysis" title=" Hydrolysis"> Hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lecitase%20ultra" title=" lecitase ultra"> lecitase ultra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20337/effect-of-ultrasound-on-the-hydrolysis-of-soy-oil-catalyzed-by-13-specific-lipase-abstract" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20337.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1311</span> Determination of the Local Elastic Moduli of Shungite by Laser Ultrasonic Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20B.%20Cherepetskaya">Elena B. Cherepetskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20A.Karabutov"> Alexander A.Karabutov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20A.%20Makarov"> Vladimir A. Makarov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20A.%20Mironova"> Elena A. Mironova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivan%20A.%20Shibaev"> Ivan A. Shibaev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In our study, the object of laser ultrasonic testing was plane-parallel plate of shungit (length 41 mm, width 31 mm, height 15 mm, medium exchange density 2247 kg/m3). We used laser-ultrasonic defectoscope with wideband opto-acoustic transducer in our investigation of the velocities of longitudinal and shear elastic ultrasound waves. The duration of arising elastic pulses was less than 100 ns. Under known material thickness, the values of the velocities were determined by the time delay of the pulses reflected from the bottom surface of the sample with respect to reference pulses. The accuracy of measurement was 0.3% in the case of longitudinal wave velocity and 0.5% in the case of shear wave velocity (scanning pitch along the surface was 2 mm). On the base of found velocities of elastic waves, local elastic moduli of shungit (Young modulus, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio) were uniquely determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ultrasonic%20testing" title="laser ultrasonic testing ">laser ultrasonic testing </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20elastic%20moduli" title=" local elastic moduli"> local elastic moduli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20wave%20velocity" title=" shear wave velocity"> shear wave velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shungit" title=" shungit"> shungit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54585/determination-of-the-local-elastic-moduli-of-shungite-by-laser-ultrasonic-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1310</span> Release of Calcein from Liposomes Using Low and High Frequency Ultrasound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghaleb%20A.%20Husseini">Ghaleb A. Husseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20E.%20Ahmed"> Salma E. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesham%20G.%20Moussa"> Hesham G. Moussa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20M.%20Martins"> Ana M. Martins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Al-Sayah"> Mohammad Al-Sayah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20Qaddoumi"> Nasser Qaddoumi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This abstract aims to investigate the use of targeted liposomes as anticancer drug carriers in vitro in combination with ultrasound applied as drug trigger; in order to reduce the side effects caused by traditional chemotherapy. Pegylated liposomes were used to encapsulate calcein and then release this model drug when 20-kHz, 40-kHz, 1-MHz and 3-MHz ultrasound were applied at different acoustic power densities. Fluorescence techniques were then used to measure the percent drug release of calcein from these targeted liposomes. Results showed that as the power density increases, at the four frequencies studied, the release of calcein also increased. Based on these results, we believe that ultrasound can be used to increase the rate and amount of chemotherapeutics release from liposomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liposomes" title="liposomes">liposomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcein%20release" title=" calcein release"> calcein release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20frequency%20ultrasound" title=" high frequency ultrasound"> high frequency ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20frequency%20ultrasound" title=" low frequency ultrasound"> low frequency ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluorescence%20techniques" title=" fluorescence techniques"> fluorescence techniques</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24679/release-of-calcein-from-liposomes-using-low-and-high-frequency-ultrasound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24679.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1309</span> Laser Beam Bending via Lenses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remzi%20Yildirim">Remzi Yildirim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih.%20V.%20%C3%87elebi"> Fatih. V. Çelebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Haldun%20G%C3%B6kta%C5%9F"> H. Haldun Göktaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Behzat%20%C5%9Eahin"> A. Behzat Şahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is about a single component cylindrical structured lens with gradient curve which we used for bending laser beams. It operates under atmospheric conditions and bends the laser beam independent of temperature, pressure, polarity, polarization, magnetic field, electric field, radioactivity, and gravity. A single piece cylindrical lens that can bend laser beams is invented. Lenses are made of transparent, tinted or colored glasses and used for undermining or absorbing the energy of the laser beams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title="laser">laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending" title=" bending"> bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lens" title=" lens"> lens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light" title=" light"> light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20optics" title=" nonlinear optics"> nonlinear optics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22254/laser-beam-bending-via-lenses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1308</span> Laser Light Bending via Lenses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remzi%20Yildirim">Remzi Yildirim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20V.%20%C3%87elebi"> Fatih V. Çelebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Haldun%20G%C3%B6kta%C5%9F"> H. Haldun Göktaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Behzat%20%C5%9Eahin"> A. Behzat Şahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is about a single component cylindrical structured lens with gradient curve which we used for bending laser beams. It operates under atmospheric conditions and bends the laser beam independent of temperature, pressure, polarity, polarization, magnetic field, electric field, radioactivity, and gravity. A single piece cylindrical lens that can bend laser beams is invented. Lenses are made of transparent, tinted or colored glasses and used for undermining or absorbing the energy of the laser beams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title="laser">laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending" title=" bending"> bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lens" title=" lens"> lens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light" title=" light"> light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20optics" title=" nonlinear optics"> nonlinear optics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22251/laser-light-bending-via-lenses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22251.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">703</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1307</span> Review of Ultrasound Image Processing Techniques for Speckle Noise Reduction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kwazikwenkosi%20Sikhakhane">Kwazikwenkosi Sikhakhane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suvendi%20Rimer"> Suvendi Rimer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mpho%20Gololo"> Mpho Gololo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khmaies%20Oahada"> Khmaies Oahada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnan%20Abu-Mahfouz"> Adnan Abu-Mahfouz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical ultrasound imaging is a crucial diagnostic technique due to its affordability and non-invasiveness compared to other imaging methods. However, the presence of speckle noise, which is a form of multiplicative noise, poses a significant obstacle to obtaining clear and accurate images in ultrasound imaging. Speckle noise reduces image quality by decreasing contrast, resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This makes it difficult for medical professionals to interpret ultrasound images accurately. To address this issue, various techniques have been developed to reduce speckle noise in ultrasound images, which improves image quality. This paper aims to review some of these techniques, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm and identifying the scenarios in which they work most effectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20processing" title="image processing">image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise" title=" noise"> noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speckle" title=" speckle"> speckle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166509/review-of-ultrasound-image-processing-techniques-for-speckle-noise-reduction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1306</span> Non-Destructive Testing of Selective Laser Melting Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luca%20Collini">Luca Collini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michele%20Antolotti"> Michele Antolotti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diego%20Schiavi"> Diego Schiavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> At present, complex geometries within production time shrinkage, rapidly increasing demand, and high-quality standard requirement make the non-destructive (ND) control of additively manufactured components indispensable means. On the other hand, a technology gap and the lack of standards regulating the methods and the acceptance criteria indicate the NDT of these components a stimulating field to be still fully explored. Up to date, penetrant testing, acoustic wave, tomography, radiography, and semi-automated ultrasound methods have been tested on metal powder based products so far. External defects, distortion, surface porosity, roughness, texture, internal porosity, and inclusions are the typical defects in the focus of testing. Detection of density and layers compactness are also been tried on stainless steels by the ultrasonic scattering method. In this work, the authors want to present and discuss the radiographic and the ultrasound ND testing on additively manufactured Ti₆Al₄V and inconel parts obtained by the selective laser melting (SLM) technology. In order to test the possibilities given by the radiographic method, both X-Rays and γ-Rays are tried on a set of specifically designed specimens realized by the SLM. The specimens contain a family of defectology, which represent the most commonly found, as cracks and lack of fusion. The tests are also applied to real parts of various complexity and thickness. A set of practical indications and of acceptance criteria is finally drawn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-destructive%20testing" title="non-destructive testing">non-destructive testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=selective%20laser%20melting" title=" selective laser melting"> selective laser melting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiography" title=" radiography"> radiography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UT%20method" title=" UT method"> UT method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109009/non-destructive-testing-of-selective-laser-melting-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1305</span> Hole Characteristics of Percussion and Single Pulse Laser-Incised Radiata Pine and the Effects of Wood Anatomy on Laser-Incision</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhasisa%20Nath">Subhasisa Nath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Waugh"> David Waugh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20Ormondroyd"> Graham Ormondroyd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morwenna%20Spear"> Morwenna Spear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Pitman"> Andy Pitman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Mason"> Paul Mason</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wood is one of the most sustainable and environmentally favourable materials and is chemically treated in timber industries to maximise durability. To increase the chemical preservative uptake and retention by the wood, current limiting incision technologies are commonly used. This work reports the effects of single pulse CO2 laser-incision and frequency tripled Nd:YAG percussion laser-incision on the characteristics of laser-incised holes in the Radiata Pine. The laser-incision studies were based on changing laser wavelengths, energies and focal planes to conclude on an optimised combination for the laser-incision of Radiata Pine. The laser pulse duration had a dominant effect over laser power in controlling hole aspect ratio in CO2 laser-incision. A maximum depth of ~ 30 mm was measured with a laser power output of 170 W and a pulse duration of 80 ms. However, increased laser power led to increased carbonisation of holes. The carbonisation effect was reduced during laser-incision in the ultra-violet (UV) regime. Deposition of a foamy phase on the laser-incised hole wall was evident irrespective of laser radiation wavelength and energy. A maximum hole depth of ~20 mm was measured in the percussion laser-incision in the UV regime (355 nm) with a pulse energy of 320 mJ. The radial and tangential faces had a significant effect on laser-incision efficiency for all laser wavelengths. The laser-incised hole shapes and circularities were affected by the wood anatomy (earlywoods and latewoods in the structure). Subsequently, the mechanism of laser-incision is proposed by analysing the internal structure of laser-incised holes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20Laser" title="CO2 Laser">CO2 Laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nd%3A%20YAG%20laser" title=" Nd: YAG laser"> Nd: YAG laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incision" title=" incision"> incision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drilling" title=" drilling"> drilling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood" title=" wood"> wood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hole%20characteristics" title=" hole characteristics"> hole characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138450/hole-characteristics-of-percussion-and-single-pulse-laser-incised-radiata-pine-and-the-effects-of-wood-anatomy-on-laser-incision" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1304</span> Destruction of Atherosclerotic Plaque Using Pulse Ultrasound with a Planar Rectangular Ultrasound Transducer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christakis%20Damianou">Christakis Damianou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christos%20Christofi"> Christos Christofi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicos%20Mylonas"> Nicos Mylonas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the proposed study was to evaluate mechanical mode ultrasound using a flat rectangular (3x10 mm2) MRI compatible transducer operating at 5 MHz for destroying atherosclerotic plaque. The system was tested initially in a Hydroxyapatite-polyalactide (HA/PLA) model. An optimized protocol was decided and then applied in atherosclerotic plaque of a rabbit. The plaque in the rabbit was created using a high cholesterol diet. The atherosclerotic plaque was imaged using MRI. This study shows that the destruction of atherosclerotic plaque is feasible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mri" title="mri">mri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atherosclerotic" title=" atherosclerotic"> atherosclerotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plaque" title=" plaque"> plaque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse" title=" pulse"> pulse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11014/destruction-of-atherosclerotic-plaque-using-pulse-ultrasound-with-a-planar-rectangular-ultrasound-transducer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1303</span> Improving the Optoacoustic Signal by Monitoring the Changes of Coupling Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Prasannakumar">P. Prasannakumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Myoung%20Young"> L. Myoung Young</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Seung%20Kye"> G. Seung Kye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Sang%20Hun"> P. Sang Hun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Chul%20Gyu"> S. Chul Gyu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we discussed the coupling medium in the optoacoustic imaging. The coupling medium is placed between the scanned object and the ultrasound transducers. Water with varying temperature was used as the coupling medium. The water temperature is gradually varied between 25 to 40 degrees. This heating process is taken with care in order to avoid the bubble formation. Rise in the photoacoustic signal is noted through an unfocused transducer with frequency of 2.25 MHz as the temperature increases. The temperature rise is monitored using a NTC thermistor and the values in degrees are calculated using an embedded evaluation kit. Also the temperature is transmitted to PC through a serial communication. All these processes are synchronized using a trigger signal from the laser source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embedded" title="embedded">embedded</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optoacoustic" title=" optoacoustic"> optoacoustic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound "> ultrasound </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unfocused%20transducer" title=" unfocused transducer"> unfocused transducer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72669/improving-the-optoacoustic-signal-by-monitoring-the-changes-of-coupling-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1302</span> The Effect of Low Power Laser on CK and Some of Markers Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahareh%20Yazdanparast%20Chaharmahali">Bahareh Yazdanparast Chaharmahali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study showed effect of low power laser therapy on knee range of motion (flexion and extension), resting angle of knee joint, knee circumference and rating of delayed onset muscle soreness induced pain, 24 and 48 hours after eccentric training of knee flexor muscle (hamstring muscle). We investigate the effects of pulsed ultrasound on swelling, relaxed, flexion and extension knee angle and pain. 20 volunteers among girl students of college voluntary participated in this research. After eccentric training, subjects were randomly divided into two groups, control and laser therapy. In day 1 and in order to induce delayed onset muscle soreness, subjects eccentrically trained their knee flexor muscles. In day 2, subjects were randomly divided into two groups: control and low power laser therapy. 24 and 48 hours after eccentric training. Variables (knee flexion and extension, srang of motion, resting knee joint angle and knee circumferences) were measured and analyzed. Data are reported as means ± standard error (SE) and repeated measured was used to assess differences within groups. Methods of treatment (low power laser therapy) have significant effects on delayed onset muscle soreness markers. 24 and 48 hours after training a significant difference was observed between mean pains of 2 groups. This difference was significant between low power laser therapy and C groups. The Bonferroni post hock is significant. Low power laser therapy trophy as used in this study did significantly diminish the effects of delayed – onset muscle soreness on swelling, relaxed – knee extension and flexion angle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creatine%20kinase" title="creatine kinase">creatine kinase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DOMS" title=" DOMS"> DOMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eccentric%20training" title=" eccentric training"> eccentric training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20power%20laser" title=" low power laser"> low power laser</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50388/the-effect-of-low-power-laser-on-ck-and-some-of-markers-delayed-onset-muscle-soreness-doms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50388.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1301</span> Application of Dual-Stage Sugar Substitution Technique in Tommy Atkins Mangoes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20A.%20B.%20De%20Medeiros">Rafael A. B. De Medeiros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zilmar%20M.%20P.%20Barros"> Zilmar M. P. Barros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20B.%20O.%20De%20Carvalho"> Carlos B. O. De Carvalho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunice%20G.%20Fraga%20Neta"> Eunice G. Fraga Neta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20I.%20S.%20Maciel"> Maria I. S. Maciel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20M.%20Azoubel"> Patricia M. Azoubel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of the sugar substitution technique (D3S) in mango was studied. It consisted of two stages and the use of ultrasound in one or both stages was evaluated in terms of water loss and solid gain. Higher water loss results were found subjecting the fruit samples to ultrasound in the first stage followed by immersion of the samples in Stevia-based solution with application of ultrasound in the second stage, while higher solids gain were obtained without application of ultrasound in second stage. Samples were evaluated in terms of total carotenoids content and total color difference. Samples submitted to ultrasound in both D3S stages presented higher carotenoid retention compared to samples sonicated only in the first stage. Color of man goes after the D3S process showed notable changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mangifera%20indica%20L." title="Mangifera indica L.">Mangifera indica L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stevia%20rebaudiana" title=" Stevia rebaudiana"> Stevia rebaudiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43926/application-of-dual-stage-sugar-substitution-technique-in-tommy-atkins-mangoes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1300</span> Comparative Study of Bending Angle in Laser Forming Process Using Artificial Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hassani">M. Hassani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Hassani"> Y. Hassani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Ajudanioskooei"> N. Ajudanioskooei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20N.%20Benvid"> N. N. Benvid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laser Forming process as a non-contact thermal forming process is widely used to forming and bending of metallic and non-metallic sheets. In this process, according to laser irradiation along a specific path, sheet is bent. One of the most important output parameters in laser forming is bending angle that depends on process parameters such as physical and mechanical properties of materials, laser power, laser travel speed and the number of scan passes. In this paper, Artificial Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic System were used to predict of bending angle in laser forming process. Inputs to these models were laser travel speed and laser power. The comparison between artificial neural network and fuzzy logic models with experimental results has been shown both of these models have high ability to prediction of bending angles with minimum errors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network" title="artificial neural network">artificial neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20angle" title=" bending angle"> bending angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20forming" title=" laser forming"> laser forming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34045/comparative-study-of-bending-angle-in-laser-forming-process-using-artificial-neural-network-and-fuzzy-logic-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">597</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1299</span> Reduction of Speckle Noise in Echocardiographic Images: A Survey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fathi%20Kallel">Fathi Kallel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saida%20Khachira"> Saida Khachira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ben%20Slima"> Mohamed Ben Slima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Ben%20Hamida"> Ahmed Ben Hamida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Speckle noise is a main characteristic of cardiac ultrasound images, it corresponding to grainy appearance that degrades the image quality. For this reason, the ultrasound images are difficult to use automatically in clinical use, then treatments are required for this type of images. Then a filtering procedure of these images is necessary to eliminate the speckle noise and to improve the quality of ultrasound images which will be then segmented to extract the necessary forms that exist. In this paper, we present the importance of the pre-treatment step for segmentation. This work is applied to cardiac ultrasound images. In a first step, a comparative study of speckle filtering method will be presented and then we use a segmentation algorithm to locate and extract cardiac structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20image%20processing" title="medical image processing">medical image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20images" title=" ultrasound images"> ultrasound images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Speckle%20noise" title=" Speckle noise"> Speckle noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20enhancement" title=" image enhancement"> image enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speckle%20filtering" title=" speckle filtering"> speckle filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segmentation" title=" segmentation"> segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=snakes" title=" snakes"> snakes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19064/reduction-of-speckle-noise-in-echocardiographic-images-a-survey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19064.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">530</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1298</span> Development of Ultrasounf Probe Holder for Automatic Scanning Asymmetric Reflector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabilah%20Ibrahim">Nabilah Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Mohd%20Zaini"> Hafiz Mohd Zaini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wan%20Fatin%20Liyana%20Mutalib"> Wan Fatin Liyana Mutalib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ultrasound equipment or machine is capable to scan in two dimensional (2D) areas. However there are some limitations occur during scanning an object. The problem will occur when scanning process that involving the asymmetric object. In this project, the ultrasound probe holder for asymmetric reflector scanning in 3D image is proposed to make easier for scanning the phantom or object that has asymmetric shape. Initially, the constructed asymmetric phantom that construct will be used in 2D scanning. Next, the asymmetric phantom will be interfaced by the movement of ultrasound probe holder using the Arduino software. After that, the performance of the ultrasound probe holder will be evaluated by using the various asymmetric reflector or phantom in constructing a 3D image <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%203D%20images" title="ultrasound 3D images">ultrasound 3D images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20and%20lateral%20resolution" title=" axial and lateral resolution"> axial and lateral resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetric%20reflector" title=" asymmetric reflector"> asymmetric reflector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arduino%20software" title=" Arduino software"> Arduino software</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22856/development-of-ultrasounf-probe-holder-for-automatic-scanning-asymmetric-reflector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">560</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1297</span> The Effect of Ultrasound as Pre-Treatment for Drying of Red Delicious and Golden Delicious Apples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulcin%20Yildiz">Gulcin Yildiz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drying (dehydration) is the process of removing water from food in order to preserve the food and an alternative to reduce post-harvest loss of fruits. Different pre-treatment methods have been developed for fruit drying, such as ultrasound. If no pre-treatment is done, the fruits will continue to darken after they are dried. However, the effects of ultrasound as pre-treatment on drying of apples has not been well documented. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ultrasound as pre-treatment before oven drying of red delicious and golden delicious apples. Red delicious and golden delicious apples were dried in different temperatures. Before performing drying experiments in an oven at 50, 75 and 100 °C, ultrasound as pretreatment was applied in 5, 10, and 15 minutes. Colors of the dried apples were measured with a Minolta Chroma Meter CR-300 (Minolta Camera Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan) by directly holding the device vertically to the surface of the samples. Content of total phenols was determined spectrophotometrically with the FolinCiocalteau assay, and the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The samples (both red delicious and golden delicious apples) with longer ultrasound treatment produced higher weight loss due to the changes in tissue structure. However less phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were observed for the samples with longer ultrasound pre-treatment. The highest total phenolic content (TPC) was determined in dried apples at 75 °C with 5 minutes pre-treatment ultrasound and the lowest TPC was determined in dried apples at 50 °C with 15 minutes pre-treatment ultrasound which was subjected to the longest ultrasound pre-treatment and drying. The combination of 5 min of ultrasound pre-treatment and 75 °C of oven-drying showed to be the best combination for an energy efficient process. This combination exhibited good antioxidant properties as well. The present study clearly demonstrated that applying ultrasound as pre-treatment for drying of apples is an effective process in terms of quality of dried products, time, and energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=golden%20delicious%20apples" title="golden delicious apples">golden delicious apples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20delicious%20apples" title=" red delicious apples"> red delicious apples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20phenolic%20content" title=" total phenolic content"> total phenolic content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ultrasound" title=" Ultrasound"> Ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88399/the-effect-of-ultrasound-as-pre-treatment-for-drying-of-red-delicious-and-golden-delicious-apples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1296</span> Optimum Er: YAG Laser Parameters for Orthodontic Composite Debonding: An in vitro Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Zamzam">Mohammad Zamzam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wesam%20Bachir"> Wesam Bachir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imad%20Asaad"> Imad Asaad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several studies have produced estimates of Er:YAG laser parameters and specifications but there is still insufficient data for reliable selection of laser parameters. As a consequence, there is a heightened need for ideal specifications of Er:YAG laser to reduce the amount of enamel ablation. The objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of Er:YAG laser parameters, energy level and pulse duration, on orthodontic composite removal after bracket debonding. The sample consisted of 45 cuboids of orthodontic composite made by plastic moulds. The samples were divided into three groups, each was irradiated with Er:YAG laser set at different energy levels and three values for pulse durations (50 µs, 100 µs, and 300 µs). Geometrical parameters (depth and area) of cavities formed by laser irradiation were determined. ANCOVA test showed statistically significant difference (p < 0.0.5) between the groups indicating a potential effect of laser pulse duration on the geometrical parameters after controlling laser energy level. A post-hoc Bonferroni test ranked the 50µ Er:YAG laser pulse as the most influential factor for all geometrical parameters in removing remnant composite from enamel surface. Also, 300 mJ laser pulses caused the largest removal of the composite. The results of the present study demonstrated the efficacy of 50 µs and 300 mJ Er:YAG laser pulse for removal of remnant orthodontic composite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enamel" title="enamel">enamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Er%3AYAG" title=" Er:YAG"> Er:YAG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometrical%20parameters" title=" geometrical parameters"> geometrical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontic%20composite" title=" orthodontic composite"> orthodontic composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remnant%20composite" title=" remnant composite"> remnant composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6666/optimum-er-yag-laser-parameters-for-orthodontic-composite-debonding-an-in-vitro-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6666.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">553</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1295</span> To Study the Effect of Optic Fibre Laser Cladding of Cast Iron with Silicon Carbide on Wear Rate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kshitij%20Sawke">Kshitij Sawke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradnyavant%20Kamble"> Pradnyavant Kamble</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shrikant%20Patil"> Shrikant Patil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study investigates the effect on wear rate of laser clad of cast iron with silicon carbide. Metal components fail their desired use because they wear, which causes them to lose their functionality. The laser has been used as a heating source to create a melt pool over the surface of cast iron, and then a layer of hard silicon carbide is deposited. Various combinations of power and feed rate of laser have experimented. A suitable range of laser processing parameters was identified. Wear resistance and wear rate properties were evaluated and the result showed that the wear resistance of the laser treated samples was exceptional to that of the untreated samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20clad" title="laser clad">laser clad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processing%20parameters" title=" processing parameters"> processing parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20rate" title=" wear rate"> wear rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear%20resistance" title=" wear resistance"> wear resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76458/to-study-the-effect-of-optic-fibre-laser-cladding-of-cast-iron-with-silicon-carbide-on-wear-rate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1294</span> Reliable Soup: Reliable-Driven Model Weight Fusion on Ultrasound Imaging Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuge%20Lei">Shuge Lei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haonan%20Hu"> Haonan Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dasheng%20Sun"> Dasheng Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huabin%20Zhang"> Huabin Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kehong%20Yuan"> Kehong Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Dai"> Jian Dai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Tong"> Yan Tong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It remains challenging to measure reliability from classification results from different machine learning models. This paper proposes a reliable soup optimization algorithm based on the model weight fusion algorithm Model Soup, aiming to improve reliability by using dual-channel reliability as the objective function to fuse a series of weights in the breast ultrasound classification models. Experimental results on breast ultrasound clinical datasets demonstrate that reliable soup significantly enhances the reliability of breast ultrasound image classification tasks. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was verified via multicenter trials. The results from five centers indicate that the reliability optimization algorithm can enhance the reliability of the breast ultrasound image classification model and exhibit low multicenter correlation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breast%20ultrasound%20image%20classification" title="breast ultrasound image classification">breast ultrasound image classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20attribution" title=" feature attribution"> feature attribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20assessment" title=" reliability assessment"> reliability assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20optimization" title=" reliability optimization"> reliability optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176773/reliable-soup-reliable-driven-model-weight-fusion-on-ultrasound-imaging-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ultrasound&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ultrasound&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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