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ultrasound</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: laser ultrasound"> <meta name="keywords" content="laser ultrasound"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="laser ultrasound"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1327</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: laser ultrasound</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1177</span> Comparison of Back-Projection with Non-Uniform Fast Fourier Transform for Real-Time Photoacoustic Tomography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moung%20Young%20Lee">Moung Young Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chul%20Gyu%20Song"> Chul Gyu Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Photoacoustic imaging is the imaging technology that combines the optical imaging and ultrasound. This provides the high contrast and resolution due to optical imaging and ultrasound imaging, respectively. We developed the real-time photoacoustic tomography (PAT) system using linear-ultrasound transducer and digital acquisition (DAQ) board. There are two types of algorithm for reconstructing the photoacoustic signal. One is back-projection algorithm, the other is FFT algorithm. Especially, we used the non-uniform FFT algorithm. To evaluate the performance of our system and algorithms, we monitored two wires that stands at interval of 2.89 mm and 0.87 mm. Then, we compared the images reconstructed by algorithms. Finally, we monitored the two hairs crossed and compared between these algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=back-projection" title="back-projection">back-projection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20comparison" title=" image comparison"> image comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-uniform%20FFT" title=" non-uniform FFT"> non-uniform FFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photoacoustic%20tomography" title=" photoacoustic tomography"> photoacoustic tomography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40584/comparison-of-back-projection-with-non-uniform-fast-fourier-transform-for-real-time-photoacoustic-tomography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1176</span> Role of Pulsed-Dye Laser in the Treatment of Inflammatory Acne Vulgaris</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shirajul%20Islam%20Khan">Shirajul Islam Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ashraful%20Alam%20Bhuiyan"> Muhammad Ashraful Alam Bhuiyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syeda%20Tania%20Begum"> Syeda Tania Begum</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic conditions and affects the vast majority of people at some point during their lifetime, so effective treatment is of major importance. The failure of usual treatment modalities, teratogenic effects with some severe side effects, and resistance to P.Acne by Retinoides have been focusing on new therapeutic options for the treatment of acne. More recently, pulsed dye laser therapy has been reported to reduce acne lesion counts. The negligible morbidity of these treatment modalities and some other benefits of subsequent acne scar management lead this therapy more attractive. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of pulsed dye laser therapy in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris. Materials and Methods: A prospective clinical trial was done in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka, to find out the role of pulse dye laser in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris. The study was carried out with 60 patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris, and those were treated with pulsed dye laser therapy at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Results: Among 60 patients with inflammatory acne, 42(70%) were in the age group of less than 20 years, and 36(60%) were female. Regarding the number of inflammatory lesions, the baseline mean number (± SD) was 12.77 ± 4.01; after 4 weeks of treatment of inflammatory acne by pulsed dye laser was 7.80 ± 4.11; after 8 weeks of treatment, 6.10 ± 4.03 and after 12 weeks of treatment was 4.17 ± 4.02. After 4 weeks of treatment by pulse dye laser, the level of improvement was excellent at 3.3%, good at 10%, fair at 60%, and poor at 26.7%; after 8 weeks of treatment, excellent was 13.3%, good was 46.7%, the fair was 30% and poor 10% and after 12 weeks of treatment, excellent was 56.7%, good 13.3%, fair 23.3% and poor 6.7%. Regarding safety level, out of 60 patients of inflammatory acne vulgaris treated by pulsed dye laser, about 52(86.7%) patients did not observe any side effects. Conclusions: On the basis of the study results, it can be concluded that pulsed-dye laser is highly effective and well tolerated by patients in the treatment of inflammatory acne. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsed-dye%20laser" title="pulsed-dye laser">pulsed-dye laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammatory%20acne" title=" inflammatory acne"> inflammatory acne</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acne%20vulgaris" title=" acne vulgaris"> acne vulgaris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retinoids" title=" retinoids"> retinoids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169132/role-of-pulsed-dye-laser-in-the-treatment-of-inflammatory-acne-vulgaris" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169132.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1175</span> Powerful Laser Diode Matrixes for Active Vision Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dzmitry%20M.%20Kabanau">Dzmitry M. Kabanau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20V.%20Kabanov"> Vladimir V. Kabanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahor%20V.%20Lebiadok"> Yahor V. Lebiadok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denis%20V.%20Shabrov"> Denis V. Shabrov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavel%20V.%20Shpak"> Pavel V. Shpak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gevork%20T.%20Mikaelyan"> Gevork T. Mikaelyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandr%20P.%20Bunichev"> Alexandr P. Bunichev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article is deal with the experimental investigations of the laser diode matrixes (LDM) based on the AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures (lasing wavelength 790-880 nm) to find optimal LDM parameters for active vision systems. In particular, the dependence of LDM radiation pulse power on the pulse duration and LDA active layer heating as well as the LDM radiation divergence are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20vision%20systems" title="active vision systems">active vision systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20diode%20matrixes" title=" laser diode matrixes"> laser diode matrixes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20properties" title=" thermal properties"> thermal properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20divergence" title=" radiation divergence"> radiation divergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19451/powerful-laser-diode-matrixes-for-active-vision-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">612</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1174</span> Ultraviolet Lasing from Vertically-Aligned ZnO Nanowall Array</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masahiro%20Takahashi">Masahiro Takahashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kosuke%20Harada"> Kosuke Harada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shihomi%20Nakao"> Shihomi Nakao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mitsuhiro%20Higashihata"> Mitsuhiro Higashihata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroshi%20Ikenoue"> Hiroshi Ikenoue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daisuke%20Nakamura"> Daisuke Nakamura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tatsuo%20Okada"> Tatsuo Okada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the light emitting materials in ultraviolet (UV) region. In addition, ZnO nanostructures are also attracting increasing research interest as building blocks for UV optoelectronic applications. We have succeeded in synthesizing vertically-aligned ZnO nanostructures by laser interference patterning, which is catalyst-free and non-contact technique. In this study, vertically-aligned ZnO nanowall arrays were synthesized using two-beam interference. The maximum height and average thickness of the ZnO nanowalls were about 4.5 µm and 200 nm, respectively. UV lasing from a piece of the ZnO nanowall was obtained under the third harmonic of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser excitation, and the estimated threshold power density for lasing was about 150 kW/cm2. Furthermore, UV lasing from the vertically-aligned ZnO nanowall was also achieved. The results indicate that ZnO nanowalls can be applied to random laser. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20oxide" title="zinc oxide">zinc oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanowall" title=" nanowall"> nanowall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interference%20laser" title=" interference laser"> interference laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV%20lasing" title=" UV lasing"> UV lasing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23913/ultraviolet-lasing-from-vertically-aligned-zno-nanowall-array" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1173</span> Effect of the Aluminum Fraction “X” on the Laser Wavelengths in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs Superlattices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.Bendahma">F.Bendahma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.Bentata"> S.Bentata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study numerically the eigenstates existing in a GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs superlattice with structural disorder in trimer height barrier (THB). Aluminium concentration x takes at random two different values, one of them appears only in triply and remains inferior to the second in the studied structure. In spite of the presence of disorder, the system exhibits two kinds of sets of propagating states lying below the barrier due to the characteristic structure of the superlattice. This result allows us to note the existence of a single laser emission in trimer and wavelengths are obtained in the mid-infrared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrared%20%28IR%29" title="infrared (IR)">infrared (IR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20emission" title=" laser emission"> laser emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superlattice" title=" superlattice"> superlattice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trimer" title=" trimer "> trimer </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34254/effect-of-the-aluminum-fraction-x-on-the-laser-wavelengths-in-gaasalxga1-xas-superlattices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1172</span> Study of Quantum Lasers of Random Trimer Barrier AlxGa1-xAs Superlattices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bentata%20Samir">Bentata Samir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bendahma%20Fatima"> Bendahma Fatima</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have numerically studied the random trimer barrier AlxGa1-xAs superlattices (RTBSL). Such systems consist of two different structures randomly distributed along the growth direction, with the additional constraint that the barriers of one kind appear in triply. An explicit formula is given for evaluating the transmission coefficient of superlattices (SL's) in intentional correlated disorder. We have specially investigated the effect of aluminum concentration on the laser wavelength. We discuss the impact of the aluminum concentration associated with the structure profile on the laser wavelengths. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superlattices" title="superlattices">superlattices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20matrix%20method" title=" transfer matrix method"> transfer matrix method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20coefficient" title=" transmission coefficient"> transmission coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20laser" title=" quantum laser"> quantum laser</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24970/study-of-quantum-lasers-of-random-trimer-barrier-alxga1-xas-superlattices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24970.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1171</span> Development of a Laboratory Laser-Produced Plasma “Water Window” X-Ray Source for Radiobiology Experiments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Adjei">Daniel Adjei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesfin%20Getachew%20Ayele"> Mesfin Getachew Ayele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Przemyslaw%20Wachulak"> Przemyslaw Wachulak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrzej%20Bartnik"> Andrzej Bartnik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lud%C4%9Bk%20Vy%C5%A1%C3%ADn"> Luděk Vyšín</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henryk%20Fiedorowicz"> Henryk Fiedorowicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inam%20Ul%20Ahad"> Inam Ul Ahad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lukasz%20Wegrzynski"> Lukasz Wegrzynski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Wiechecka"> Anna Wiechecka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janusz%20Lekki"> Janusz Lekki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wojciech%20M.%20Kwiatek"> Wojciech M. Kwiatek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Laser produced plasma light sources, emitting high intensity pulses of X-rays, delivering high doses are useful to understand the mechanisms of high dose effects on biological samples. In this study, a desk-top laser plasma soft X-ray source, developed for radio biology research, is presented. The source is based on a double-stream gas puff target, irradiated with a commercial Nd:YAG laser (EKSPLA), which generates laser pulses of 4 ns time duration and energy up to 800 mJ at 10 Hz repetition rate. The source has been optimized for maximum emission in the “water window” wavelength range from 2.3 nm to 4.4 nm by using pure gas (argon, nitrogen and krypton) and spectral filtering. Results of the source characterization measurements and dosimetry of the produced soft X-ray radiation are shown and discussed. The high brightness of the laser produced plasma soft X-ray source and the low penetration depth of the produced X-ray radiation in biological specimen allows a high dose rate to be delivered to the specimen of over 28 Gy/shot; and 280 Gy/s at the maximum repetition rate of the laser system. The source has a unique capability for irradiation of cells with high pulse dose both in vacuum and He-environment. Demonstration of the source to induce DNA double- and single strand breaks will be discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20produced%20plasma" title="laser produced plasma">laser produced plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20X-rays" title=" soft X-rays"> soft X-rays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radio%20biology%20experiments" title=" radio biology experiments"> radio biology experiments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dosimetry" title=" dosimetry"> dosimetry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13094/development-of-a-laboratory-laser-produced-plasma-water-window-x-ray-source-for-radiobiology-experiments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13094.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">588</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1170</span> Simulation of Single-Track Laser Melting on IN718 using Material Point Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kadiyala">S. Kadiyala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Berzins"> M. Berzins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Juba"> D. Juba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Keyrouz"> W. Keyrouz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the Material Point Method (MPM) for simulating a single-track laser melting process on an IN718 solid plate. MPM, known for simulating challenging multiphysics problems, is used to model the intricate thermal, mechanical, and fluid interactions during the laser sintering process. This study analyzes the formation of single tracks, exploring the impact of varying laser parameters such as speed, power, and spot diameter on the melt pool and track formation. The focus is on MPM’s ability to accurately simulate and capture the transient thermo-mechanical and phase change phenomena, which are critical in predicting the cooling rates before and after solidification of the laser track and the final melt pool geometry. The simulation results are rigorously compared with experimental data (AMB2022 benchmarks), demonstrating the effectiveness of MPM in replicating the physical processes in laser sintering. This research highlights the potential of MPM in advancing the understanding and simulation of melt pool physics in metal additive manufacturing, paving the way for optimized process parameters and improved material performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dditive%20manufacturing%20simulation" title="dditive manufacturing simulation">dditive manufacturing simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=material%20point%20method" title=" material point method"> material point method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20change" title=" phase change"> phase change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melt%20pool%20physics" title=" melt pool physics"> melt pool physics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177736/simulation-of-single-track-laser-melting-on-in718-using-material-point-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177736.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1169</span> Study on the Process of Detumbling Space Target by Laser</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhang%20Pinliang">Zhang Pinliang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Chuan"> Chen Chuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20Guangming"> Song Guangming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wu%20Qiang"> Wu Qiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gong%20Zizheng"> Gong Zizheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Ming"> Li Ming</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The active removal of space debris and asteroid defense are important issues in human space activities. Both of them need a detumbling process, for almost all space debris and asteroid are in a rotating state, and it`s hard and dangerous to capture or remove a target with a relatively high tumbling rate. So it`s necessary to find a method to reduce the angular rate first. The laser ablation method is an efficient way to tackle this detumbling problem, for it`s a contactless technique and can work at a safe distance. In existing research, a laser rotational control strategy based on the estimation of the instantaneous angular velocity of the target has been presented. But their calculation of control torque produced by a laser, which is very important in detumbling operation, is not accurate enough, for the method they used is only suitable for the plane or regularly shaped target, and they did not consider the influence of irregular shape and the size of the spot. In this paper, based on the triangulation reconstruction of the target surface, we propose a new method to calculate the impulse of the irregularly shaped target under both the covered irradiation and spot irradiation of the laser and verify its accuracy by theoretical formula calculation and impulse measurement experiment. Then we use it to study the process of detumbling cylinder and asteroid by laser. The result shows that the new method is universally practical and has high precision; it will take more than 13.9 hours to stop the rotation of Bennu with 1E+05kJ laser pulse energy; the speed of the detumbling process depends on the distance between the spot and the centroid of the target, which can be found an optimal value in every particular case. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detumbling" title="detumbling">detumbling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ablation%20drive" title=" laser ablation drive"> laser ablation drive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20target" title=" space target"> space target</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20debris%20remove" title=" space debris remove"> space debris remove</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161293/study-on-the-process-of-detumbling-space-target-by-laser" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1168</span> The Efficacy of Class IV Diode Laser in the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Salaheldien%20Mohamed%20Alayat">Mohamed Salaheldien Mohamed Alayat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Mohamed%20Elsoudany"> Ahmed Mohamed Elsoudany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roaa%20Abdulghani%20Sroge"> Roaa Abdulghani Sroge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayan%20Muteb%20Aldhahwani"> Bayan Muteb Aldhahwani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Neck pain is a common illness that could affect individual’s daily activities. Class IV laser with longer wavelength can stimulate tissues and penetrate more than the classic low-level laser therapy. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of class IV diode laser in the treatment of patients with chronic neck pain (CNP). Methods: Fifty-two patients participated and completed the study. Their mean age (SD) was 50.7 (6.2). Patients were randomized into two groups and treated with laser plus exercise (laser + EX) group and placebo laser plus exercise (PL+EX) group. Treatment was performed by Class IV laser in two phases; scanning and trigger point phases. Scanning to the posterior neck and shoulder girdle region with 4 J/cm2 with a total energy of 300 J applied to 75 cm2 in 4 minutes and 16 seconds. Eight trigger points on the posterior neck area were treated by 4 J/cm2 and the time of application was in 30 seconds. Both groups received exercise two times per week for 4 weeks. Exercises included range of motion, isometric, stretching, isotonic resisted exercises to the cervical extensors, lateral bending and rotators muscles with postural correction exercises. The measured variables were pain level using visual analogue scale (VAS), and neck functional activity using neck disability index (NDI) score. Measurements were taken at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. The level of statistical significance was set as p < 0.05. Results: There were significant decreases in post-treatment VAS and NDI in both groups as compared to baseline values. Laser + EX effectively decreased VAS (mean difference -6.5, p = 0.01) and NDI scores after (mean difference -41.3, p = 0.01) 4 weeks of treatment compared to PL + EX. Conclusion: Class IV laser combined with exercise is effective treatment for patients with CNP as compared to PL + EX therapy. The combination of laser + EX effectively increased functional activity and reduced pain after 4 weeks of treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20neck%20pain" title="chronic neck pain">chronic neck pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=class%20IV%20laser" title=" class IV laser"> class IV laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercises" title=" exercises"> exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neck%20disability%20index" title=" neck disability index"> neck disability index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20analogue%20scale" title=" visual analogue scale"> visual analogue scale</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61655/the-efficacy-of-class-iv-diode-laser-in-the-treatment-of-patients-with-chronic-neck-pain-a-randomized-controlled-trial" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1167</span> Spectroscopic Characterization Approach to Study Ablation Time on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis by Laser Ablation Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suha%20I.%20Al-Nassar">Suha I. Al-Nassar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Adel"> K. M. Adel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Zainab"> F. Zainab </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work was devoted for producing ZnO nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation (PLA) of Zn metal plate in the aqueous environment of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) using Q-Switched Nd:YAG pulsed laser with wavelength= 1064 nm, Rep. rate= 10 Hz, Pulse duration= 6 ns and laser energy 50 mJ. Solution of nanoparticles is found stable in the colloidal form for a long time. The effect of ablation time on the optical and structure of ZnO was studied is characterized by UV-visible absorption. UV-visible absorption spectrum has four peaks at 256, 259, 265, 322 nm for ablation time (5, 10, 15, and 20 sec) respectively, our results show that UV–vis spectra show a blue shift in the presence of CTAB with decrease the ablation time and blue shift indicated to get smaller size of nanoparticles. The blue shift in the absorption edge indicates the quantum confinement property of nanoparticles. Also, FTIR transmittance spectra of ZnO2 nanoparticles prepared in these states show a characteristic ZnO absorption at 435–445cm^−1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20oxide%20nanoparticles" title="zinc oxide nanoparticles">zinc oxide nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CTAB%20solution" title=" CTAB solution"> CTAB solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsed%20laser%20ablation%20technique" title=" pulsed laser ablation technique"> pulsed laser ablation technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectroscopic%20characterization" title=" spectroscopic characterization"> spectroscopic characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8008/spectroscopic-characterization-approach-to-study-ablation-time-on-zinc-oxide-nanoparticles-synthesis-by-laser-ablation-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1166</span> Arduino-Based Laser Communication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20Bambey">Simon Bambey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edward%20Lim"> Edward Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kai%20Corley-Jory"> Kai Corley-Jory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooya%20Taheri"> Pooya Taheri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main goal of this paper is to propose a simple and low-cost microcontroller-based laser communication link. To demonstrate that laser communication is a viable and efficient means for transmitting data, a transceiver capable of transfer rates of approximately 0.7 kB/s is prototyped. The hardware used for the transceiver consists of Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) lasers, photodiodes, and the Arduino Mega 2560 which is an open-source and easy-to-use microcontroller-based platform intended for making interactive projects. A graphic user interface utilizing the Meteor framework is developed to facilitate the communication between the user and transceiver. The developed transceiver prototype is capable of receiving and transmitting data at significant ranges with no loss of information. Furthermore, stable and secure communication is achieved through several mechanisms developed to manage simultaneous sending and receiving, in addition to detecting physical interruptions during transmission. The design setup is scalable and with further development can be transformed into a fiber-optic transmission system. Due to its nature, laser communication is very secure and can provide a safe and private communication link. Overall, this paper demonstrates how laser communication can be an economical, durable, and effective means of information transfer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arduino%20microcontrollers" title="Arduino microcontrollers">Arduino microcontrollers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20applications" title=" laser applications"> laser applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20interfaces" title=" user interfaces"> user interfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20communication" title=" wireless communication"> wireless communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53299/arduino-based-laser-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1165</span> The Detection of Implanted Radioactive Seeds on Ultrasound Images Using Convolution Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edward%20Holupka">Edward Holupka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Rossman"> John Rossman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tye%20Morancy"> Tye Morancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Aronovitz"> Joseph Aronovitz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irving%20Kaplan"> Irving Kaplan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A common modality for the treatment of early stage prostate cancer is the implantation of radioactive seeds directly into the prostate. The radioactive seeds are positioned inside the prostate to achieve optimal radiation dose coverage to the prostate. These radioactive seeds are positioned inside the prostate using Transrectal ultrasound imaging. Once all of the planned seeds have been implanted, two dimensional transaxial transrectal ultrasound images separated by 2 mm are obtained through out the prostate, beginning at the base of the prostate up to and including the apex. A common deep neural network, called DetectNet was trained to automatically determine the position of the implanted radioactive seeds within the prostate under ultrasound imaging. The results of the training using 950 training ultrasound images and 90 validation ultrasound images. The commonly used metrics for successful training were used to evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of the trained deep neural network and resulted in an loss_bbox (train) = 0.00, loss_coverage (train) = 1.89e-8, loss_bbox (validation) = 11.84, loss_coverage (validation) = 9.70, mAP (validation) = 66.87%, precision (validation) = 81.07%, and a recall (validation) = 82.29%, where train and validation refers to the training image set and validation refers to the validation training set. On the hardware platform used, the training expended 12.8 seconds per epoch. The network was trained for over 10,000 epochs. In addition, the seed locations as determined by the Deep Neural Network were compared to the seed locations as determined by a commercial software based on a one to three months after implant CT. The Deep Learning approach was within \strikeout off\uuline off\uwave off2.29\uuline default\uwave default mm of the seed locations determined by the commercial software. The Deep Learning approach to the determination of radioactive seed locations is robust, accurate, and fast and well within spatial agreement with the gold standard of CT determined seed coordinates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate" title="prostate">prostate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20neural%20network" title=" deep neural network"> deep neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seed%20implant" title=" seed implant"> seed implant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93735/the-detection-of-implanted-radioactive-seeds-on-ultrasound-images-using-convolution-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1164</span> Effect of Low Level Laser on Healing of Congenital Septal Defects on Dogs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hady%20Atef">Hady Atef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zinab%20Helmy"> Zinab Helmy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Abdeen"> Heba Abdeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Fadel"> Mostafa Fadel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and purpose: After the success of the first trials of this experiment which were done on rabbits, a new study were conducted on dogs to ensure the past results; in a step forward to use low-level LASER therapy in the treatment of congenital septal defects in infants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low-level LASER irradiation on congenital septal defects in dogs. Subjects and Methodology: six male dogs who have congenital septal defects in their hearts -with age ranged 6-10 months- enrolled in this study for one and half months. They were assigned into two groups: Group (A): The study group consisted of 3 canine hearts who received routine animal care associated with LASER irradiation. Group (B): The control group consisted of 3 canine hearts who received only routine animal care. Sizes of the septal defects were measured for both groups at the beginning and after the end of the study. Results: There was a significant decrease in the size of the diameter of the congenital septal defect with the study group (percentage of improvement was 42.19%) when compared with control group. Conclusion: It was concluded that low-level LASER therapy can be considered as a promising therapy for congenital heart defects in animals and to be examined on children with similar congenital lesions after then. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title="laser">laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congenital%20septal%20defects" title=" congenital septal defects"> congenital septal defects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dogs" title=" dogs"> dogs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infants" title=" infants"> infants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51648/effect-of-low-level-laser-on-healing-of-congenital-septal-defects-on-dogs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1163</span> Ultrasound Assisted Cooling Crystallization of Lactose Monohydrate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjaykumar%20R.%20Patel">Sanjaykumar R. Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parth%20R.%20Kayastha"> Parth R. Kayastha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> α-lactose monohydrate is widely used in the pharmaceutical industries as an inactive substance that acts as a vehicle or a medium for a drug or other active substance. It is a byproduct of dairy industries, and the recovery of lactose from whey not only boosts the improvement of the economics of whey utilization but also causes a reduction in pollution as lactose recovery can reduce the BOD of whey by more than 80%. In the present study, levels of process parameters were kept as initial lactose concentration (30-50% w/w), sonication amplitude (20-40%), sonication time (2-6 hours), and crystallization temperature (10-20 <sup>o</sup>C) for the recovery of lactose in ultrasound assisted cooling crystallization. In comparison with cooling crystallization, the use of ultrasound enhanced the lactose recovery by 39.17% (w/w). The parameters were optimized for the lactose recovery using Taguchi Method. The optimum conditions found were initial lactose concentration at level 3 (50% w/w), amplitude of sonication at level 2 (40%), the sonication time at level 3 (6 hours), and crystallization temperature at level 1 (10 °C). The maximum recovery was found to be 85.85% at the optimum conditions. Sonication time and the initial lactose concentration were found to be significant parameters for the lactose recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallization" title="crystallization">crystallization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactose" title=" lactose"> lactose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taguchi%20method" title=" Taguchi method"> Taguchi method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80117/ultrasound-assisted-cooling-crystallization-of-lactose-monohydrate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80117.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1162</span> A Compact Extended Laser Diode Cavity Centered at 780 nm for Use in High-Resolution Laser Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Alvarez">J. Alvarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Pimienta"> J. Pimienta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Sarmiento"> R. Sarmiento</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diode lasers working in free mode present different shifting and broadening determined by external factors such as temperature, current or mechanical vibrations, and they are not more useful in applications such as spectroscopy, metrology, and cooling of atoms, among others. Different configurations can reduce the spectral width of a laser; one of the most effective is to extend the optical resonator of the laser diode and use optical feedback either with the help of a partially reflective mirror or with a diffraction grating; this latter configuration is not only allowed to reduce the spectral width of the laser line but also to coarsely adjust its working wavelength, within a wide range typically ~ 10nm by slightly varying the angle of the diffraction grating. Two settings are commonly used for this purpose, the Littrow configuration and the Littmann Metcalf. In this paper, we present the design, construction, and characterization of a compact extended laser cavity in Littrow configuration. The designed cavity is compact and was machined on an aluminum block using computer numerical control (CNC); it has a mass of only 380 g. The design was tested on laser diodes with different wavelengths, 650nm, 780nm, and 795 nm, but can be equally efficient at other wavelengths. This report details the results obtained from the extended cavity working at a wavelength of 780 nm, with an output power of around 35mW and a line width of less than 1Mhz. The cavity was used to observe the spectrum of the corresponding Rubidium D2 line. By modulating the current and with the help of phase detection techniques, a dispersion signal with an excellent signal-to-noise ratio was generated that allowed the stabilization of the laser to a transition of the hyperfine structure of Rubidium with an integral proportional controller (PI) circuit made with precision operational amplifiers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Littrow" title="Littrow">Littrow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Littman-Metcalf" title=" Littman-Metcalf"> Littman-Metcalf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20width" title=" line width"> line width</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20stabilization" title=" laser stabilization"> laser stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperfine%20structure" title=" hyperfine structure"> hyperfine structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145561/a-compact-extended-laser-diode-cavity-centered-at-780-nm-for-use-in-high-resolution-laser-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">227</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1161</span> Nanotechnology-Based Treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae Infections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucian%20Mocan">Lucian Mocan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teodora%20Mocan"> Teodora Mocan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matea%20Cristian"> Matea Cristian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cornel%20Iancu"> Cornel Iancu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present method of nanoparticle enhanced laser thermal ablation of Klebsiella pneumoniae infections, using gold nanoparticles combined with a specific growth factor and demonstrate its selective therapeutic efficacy. Ab (antibody solution) bound to GNPs (gold nanoparticles) was administered in vitro and determined the specific delivery of the nano-bioconjugate into the microorganism. The extent of necrosis was considerable following laser therapy, and at the same time, normal cells were not seriously affected. The selective photothermal ablation of the infected tissue was obtained after the selective accumulation of Ab bound to GNPs into bacteria following perfusion. These results may represent a major step in antibiotherapy treatment using nanolocalized thermal ablation by laser heating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20nanoparticles" title="gold nanoparticles">gold nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Klebsiella%20pneumoniae" title=" Klebsiella pneumoniae"> Klebsiella pneumoniae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticle%20functionalization" title=" nanoparticle functionalization"> nanoparticle functionalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20irradiation" title=" laser irradiation"> laser irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibody" title=" antibody"> antibody</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84088/nanotechnology-based-treatment-of-klebsiella-pneumoniae-infections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84088.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1160</span> Effectiveness of the Lacey Assessment of Preterm Infants to Predict Neuromotor Outcomes of Premature Babies at 12 Months Corrected Age</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanooja%20Naushad">Thanooja Naushad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meena%20Natarajan"> Meena Natarajan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tushar%20Vasant%20Kulkarni"> Tushar Vasant Kulkarni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The Lacey Assessment of Preterm Infants (LAPI) is used in clinical practice to identify premature babies at risk of neuromotor impairments, especially cerebral palsy. This study attempted to find the validity of the Lacey assessment of preterm infants to predict neuromotor outcomes of premature babies at 12 months corrected age and to compare its predictive ability with the brain ultrasound. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 89 preterm infants (45 females and 44 males) born below 35 weeks gestation who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a government hospital in Dubai. Initial assessment was done using the Lacey assessment after the babies reached 33 weeks postmenstrual age. Follow up assessment on neuromotor outcomes was done at 12 months (± 1 week) corrected age using two standardized outcome measures, i.e., infant neurological international battery and Alberta infant motor scale. Brain ultrasound data were collected retrospectively. Data were statistically analyzed, and the diagnostic accuracy of the Lacey assessment of preterm infants (LAPI) was calculated -when used alone and in combination with the brain ultrasound. Results: On comparison with brain ultrasound, the Lacey assessment showed superior specificity (96% vs. 77%), higher positive predictive value (57% vs. 22%), and higher positive likelihood ratio (18 vs. 3) to predict neuromotor outcomes at one year of age. The sensitivity of Lacey assessment was lower than brain ultrasound (66% vs. 83%), whereas specificity was similar (97% vs. 98%). A combination of Lacey assessment and brain ultrasound results showed higher sensitivity (80%), positive (66%), and negative (98%) predictive values, positive likelihood ratio (24), and test accuracy (95%) than Lacey assessment alone in predicting neurological outcomes. The negative predictive value of the Lacey assessment was similar to that of its combination with brain ultrasound (96%). Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that the Lacey assessment of preterm infants can be used as a supplementary assessment tool for premature babies in the neonatal intensive care unit. Due to its high specificity, Lacey assessment can be used to identify those babies at low risk of abnormal neuromotor outcomes at a later age. When used along with the findings of the brain ultrasound, Lacey assessment has better sensitivity to identify preterm babies at particular risk. These findings have applications in identifying premature babies who may benefit from early intervention services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20ultrasound" title="brain ultrasound">brain ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lacey%20assessment%20of%20preterm%20infants" title=" lacey assessment of preterm infants"> lacey assessment of preterm infants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuromotor%20outcomes" title=" neuromotor outcomes"> neuromotor outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preterm" title=" preterm"> preterm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132777/effectiveness-of-the-lacey-assessment-of-preterm-infants-to-predict-neuromotor-outcomes-of-premature-babies-at-12-months-corrected-age" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132777.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1159</span> Endocardial Ultrasound Segmentation using Level Set method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daoudi%20Abdelaziz">Daoudi Abdelaziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoudi%20Sa%C3%AFd"> Mahmoudi Saïd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chikh%20Mohamed%20Amine"> Chikh Mohamed Amine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a fully automatic segmentation method of the left ventricle at End Systolic (ES) and End Diastolic (ED) in the ultrasound images by means of an implicit deformable model (level set) based on Geodesic Active Contour model. A pre-processing Gaussian smoothing stage is applied to the image, which is essential for a good segmentation. Before the segmentation phase, we locate automatically the area of the left ventricle by using a detection approach based on the Hough Transform method. Consequently, the result obtained is used to automate the initialization of the level set model. This initial curve (zero level set) deforms to search the Endocardial border in the image. On the other hand, quantitative evaluation was performed on a data set composed of 15 subjects with a comparison to ground truth (manual segmentation). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20set%20method" title="level set method">level set method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transform%20Hough" title=" transform Hough"> transform Hough</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaussian%20smoothing" title=" Gaussian smoothing"> Gaussian smoothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left%20ventricle" title=" left ventricle"> left ventricle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20images." title=" ultrasound images."> ultrasound images.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19105/endocardial-ultrasound-segmentation-using-level-set-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">465</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1158</span> Circle of Learning Using High-Fidelity Simulators Promoting a Better Understanding of Resident Physicians on Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Emergency Medicine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takamitsu%20Kodama">Takamitsu Kodama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eiji%20Kawamoto"> Eiji Kawamoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ultrasound in emergency room has advantages of safer, faster, repeatable and noninvasive. Especially focused Point-Of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) is used daily for prompt and accurate diagnoses, for quickly identifying critical and life-threatening conditions. That is why ultrasound has demonstrated its usefulness in emergency medicine. The true value of ultrasound has been once again recognized in recent years. It is thought that all resident physicians working at emergency room should perform an ultrasound scan to interpret signs and symptoms of deteriorating patients in the emergency room. However, a practical education on ultrasound is still in development. To resolve this issue, we established a new educational program using high-fidelity simulators and evaluated the efficacy of this course. Methods: Educational program includes didactic lectures and skill stations in half-day course. Instructor gives a lecture on POCUS such as Rapid Ultrasound in Shock (RUSH) and/or Focused Assessment Transthoracic Echo (FATE) protocol at the beginning of the course. Then, attendees are provided for training of scanning with cooperation of normal simulated patients. In the end, attendees learn how to apply focused POCUS skills at clinical situation using high-fidelity simulators such as SonoSim® (SonoSim, Inc) and SimMan® 3G (Laerdal Medical). Evaluation was conducted through surveillance questionnaires to 19 attendees after two pilot courses. The questionnaires were focused on understanding course concept and satisfaction. Results: All attendees answered the questionnaires. With respect to the degree of understanding, 12 attendees (number of valid responses: 13) scored four or more points out of five points. High-fidelity simulators, especially SonoSim® was highly appreciated to enhance learning how to handle ultrasound at an actual practice site by 11 attendees (number of valid responses: 12). All attendees encouraged colleagues to take this course because the high level of satisfaction was achieved. Discussion: Newly introduced educational course using high-fidelity simulators realizes the circle of learning to deepen the understanding on focused POCUS by gradual stages. SonoSim® can faithfully reproduce scan images with pathologic findings of ultrasound and provide experimental learning for a growth number of beginners such as resident physicians. In addition, valuable education can be provided if it is used combined with SimMan® 3G. Conclusions: Newly introduced educational course using high-fidelity simulators is supposed to be effective and helps in providing better education compared with conventional courses for emergency physicians. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point-of-care%20ultrasound" title="point-of-care ultrasound">point-of-care ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-fidelity%20simulators" title=" high-fidelity simulators"> high-fidelity simulators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circle%20of%20learning" title=" circle of learning"> circle of learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67965/circle-of-learning-using-high-fidelity-simulators-promoting-a-better-understanding-of-resident-physicians-on-point-of-care-ultrasound-in-emergency-medicine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67965.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1157</span> MRI Compatible Fresnel Zone Plates made of Polylactic Acid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Tarraz%C3%B3-Serrano">Daniel Tarrazó-Serrano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergio%20P%C3%A9rez-L%C3%B3pez"> Sergio Pérez-López</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergio%20Casti%C3%B1eira-Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez"> Sergio Castiñeira-Ibáñez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pilar%20Candelas"> Pilar Candelas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constanza%20Rubio"> Constanza Rubio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zone Plates (ZPs) are used in many areas of physics where planar fabrication is advantageous in comparison with conventional curved lenses. There are several types of ZPs, such as the well-known Fresnel ZPs or the more recent Fractal ZPs and Fibonacci ZPs. The material selection of the lens plays a very important role in the beam modulation control. This work presents a comparison between two Fresnel ZP made from different materials in the ultrasound domain: Polylactic Acid (PLA) and brass. PLA is the most common material used in commercial 3D-printers due to its high design flexibility and low cost. Numerical simulations based on Finite Element Method (FEM) and experimental results are shown, and they prove that the focusing capabilities of brass ZPs and PLA ZPs are similar. For this reason, PLA is proposed as a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) compatible material with great potential for therapeutic ultrasound focusing applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FZP" title="FZP">FZP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLA" title=" PLA"> PLA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=focus" title=" focus"> focus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRI" title=" MRI"> MRI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94175/mri-compatible-fresnel-zone-plates-made-of-polylactic-acid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94175.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1156</span> Enabling Non-invasive Diagnosis of Thyroid Nodules with High Specificity and Sensitivity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sai%20Maniveer%20Adapa">Sai Maniveer Adapa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sai%20Guptha%20Perla"> Sai Guptha Perla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adithya%20Reddy%20P."> Adithya Reddy P.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thyroid nodules can often be diagnosed with ultrasound imaging, although differentiating between benign and malignant nodules can be challenging for medical professionals. This work suggests a novel approach to increase the precision of thyroid nodule identification by combining machine learning and deep learning. The new approach first extracts information from the ultrasound pictures using a deep learning method known as a convolutional autoencoder. A support vector machine, a type of machine learning model, is then trained using these features. With an accuracy of 92.52%, the support vector machine can differentiate between benign and malignant nodules. This innovative technique may decrease the need for pointless biopsies and increase the accuracy of thyroid nodule detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20tumor%20diagnosis" title="thyroid tumor diagnosis">thyroid tumor diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20images" title=" ultrasound images"> ultrasound images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convolutional%20auto-encoder" title=" convolutional auto-encoder"> convolutional auto-encoder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20vector%20machine" title=" support vector machine"> support vector machine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182971/enabling-non-invasive-diagnosis-of-thyroid-nodules-with-high-specificity-and-sensitivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">58</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1155</span> Ultrasound Guided Treatment of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazem%20Shakouri">Kazem Shakouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Pishgahi"> Alireza Pishgahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homayoun%20Sadeghi-bBazargani"> Homayoun Sadeghi-bBazargani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahla%20Dareshiri"> Shahla Dareshiri </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome has numerous nonsurgical treatments including splint, physical therapy and corticosteroid injections. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an ultrasound guided treatment procedure, for individuals with severe carpal tunnel syndrome. Materials and Method: 20 patients with an electrodiagnostic evidence of severe carpal tunnel syndrome were treated by an office-based ultrasound guided procedure (combination of percutaneous needle release of carpal tunnel and corticosteroid injection). Electrodiagnostic (nerve conduction study), clinical (Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, grip strength) and ultrasonic (median nerve and carpal tunnel cross-sectional area) measurements were recorded at baseline and one month after intervention. Results: Our preliminary data analysis showed that in one month follow up, patients had a significantly smaller cross-sectional area of the median nerve compared to pretreatment values (mean difference 0.06; 95%CI: 0.02-0.1; p < 0.001). In addition, patients had significantly less functional impairment (mean difference 35; 95% CI:28.7-43.4 ; p < 0.001), and an improved hand grip strength in one month follow up (mean difference 5.4; 95%CI: 3.1-7.8; p < 0.001;). There were no significant complications. Conclusion: Patients with severe carpal tunnel syndrome, who are candidates for surgical intervention, can consider office-based ultrasound guided needle release of carpal tunnel as an alternative safe treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carpal%20Tunnel%20Syndrome" title="Carpal Tunnel Syndrome">Carpal Tunnel Syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=needle%20release" title=" needle release"> needle release</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain" title=" pain"> pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74847/ultrasound-guided-treatment-of-carpal-tunnel-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1154</span> Bright–Dark Pulses in Nonlinear Polarisation Rotation Based Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Z.%20R.%20R.%20Rosdin">R. Z. R. R. Rosdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20M.%20Ali"> N. M. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20W.%20Harun"> S. W. Harun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Arof"> H. Arof</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have experimentally demonstrated bright-dark pulses in a nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) based mode-locked Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) with a long cavity configuration. Bright–dark pulses could be achieved when the laser works in the passively mode-locking regime and the net group velocity dispersion is quite anomalous. The EDFL starts to generate a bright pulse train with degenerated dark pulse at the mode-locking threshold pump power of 35.09 mW by manipulating the polarization states of the laser oscillation modes using a polarization controller (PC). A split bright–dark pulse is generated when further increasing the pump power up to 37.95 mW. Stable bright pulses with no obvious evidence of a dark pulse can also be generated when further adjusting PC and increasing the pump power up to 52.19 mW. At higher pump power of 54.96 mW, a new form of bright-dark pulse emission was successfully identified with the repetition rate of 29 kHz. The bright and dark pulses have a duration of 795.5 ns and 640 ns, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erbium-doped%20fiber%20laser" title="Erbium-doped fiber laser">Erbium-doped fiber laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20polarization%20rotation" title=" nonlinear polarization rotation"> nonlinear polarization rotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bright-dark%20pulse" title=" bright-dark pulse"> bright-dark pulse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic" title=" photonic"> photonic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19127/bright-dark-pulses-in-nonlinear-polarisation-rotation-based-erbium-doped-fiber-laser" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1153</span> Thermodynamic and Immunochemical Studies of Antibody Biofunctionalized Gold Nanoparticles Mediated Photothermal Ablation in Human Liver Cancer Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucian%20Mocan">Lucian Mocan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Flaviu%20Tabaran"> Flaviu Tabaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teodora%20Mocan"> Teodora Mocan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristian%20Matea"> Cristian Matea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cornel%20Iancu"> Cornel Iancu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present method of Gold Nanoparticle enhanced laser thermal ablation of HepG2 cells (Human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line), based on a simple gold nanoparticle carrier system, such as serum albumin (BSA), and demonstrate its selective therapeutic efficacy. Hyperspectral, contrast phase, and confocal microscopy combined immunochemical staining were used to demonstrate the selective internalization of HSA-GNPs via Gp60 receptors and the caveolin-mediated endocytosis inside HepG2 cells. We examined the ability of laser-activated carbon nanotubes to induce Hsp70 expression using confocal microscopy. Hep G2 cells heat-shocked (laser activated BSA-GNPs) to 42°C demonstrated an up-regulation of Hsp70 compared with control cells (BSA-GNPs treated cells without laser), which showed no detectable constitutive expression of Hsp70. We observed a time-dependent induction in Hsp70 expression in Hep G2 treated with BSA-GNPs and LASER irradiated. The post-irradiation apoptotic rate of HepG2 cells treated with HSA-GNPs ranged from 88.24% (for 50 mg/L) at 60 seconds, while at 30 minute the rate increased to 92.34% (50 mg/L). These unique results may represent a major step in liver cancer treatment using nanolocalized thermal ablation by laser heating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20nanoparticles" title="gold nanoparticles">gold nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver%20cancer" title=" liver cancer"> liver cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=albumin" title=" albumin"> albumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20irradiation" title=" laser irradiation"> laser irradiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56646/thermodynamic-and-immunochemical-studies-of-antibody-biofunctionalized-gold-nanoparticles-mediated-photothermal-ablation-in-human-liver-cancer-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56646.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1152</span> Comparison of Tribological and Mechanical Properties of White Metal Produced by Laser Cladding and Conventional Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae-Il%20Jeong">Jae-Il Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoon-Jae%20Park"> Hoon-Jae Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Woo%20Cho"> Jung-Woo Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang-Gon%20Kim"> Yang-Gon Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Young%20Park"> Jin-Young Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joo-Young%20Oh"> Joo-Young Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Si-Geun%20Choi"> Si-Geun Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seock-Sam%20Kim"> Seock-Sam Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Tae%20Cho"> Young Tae Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chan%20Gyu%20Kim"> Chan Gyu Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Hyoung%20Kim"> Jong-Hyoung Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bearing component has strongly required to decrease vibration and wear to achieve high durability and life time. In the industry field, bearing durability is improved by surface treatment on the bearing surface by centrifugal casting or gravity casting production method. However, this manufacturing method has caused problems such as long processing time, defect rate, and health harmful effect. To solve this problem, there is a laser cladding deposition treatment, which provides fast processing and food adhesion. Therefore, optimum conditions of white metal laser deposition should be studied to minimize bearing contact axis wear using laser cladding techniques. In this study, we deposit a soft white metal layer on SCM440, which is mainly used for shaft and bolt. On laser deposition process, the laser power and powder feed rate and laser head speed factors are controlled to find out the optimal conditions. We also measure hardness using micro Vickers, analyze FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) and EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) to study the mechanical properties and surface characteristics with various parameters change. Furthermore, this paper suggests the optimum condition of laser cladding deposition to apply in industrial fields. This work was supported by the Industrial Innovation Project of the Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) granted financial resource from the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy, Republic of Korea (Research no. 10051653). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20deposition" title="laser deposition">laser deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing" title=" bearing"> bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20metal" title=" white metal"> white metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89365/comparison-of-tribological-and-mechanical-properties-of-white-metal-produced-by-laser-cladding-and-conventional-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1151</span> Low-Cost Mechatronic Design of an Omnidirectional Mobile Robot </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Cobos-Guzman">S. Cobos-Guzman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the results of a mechatronic design based on a 4-wheel omnidirectional mobile robot that can be used in indoor logistic applications. The low-level control has been selected using two open-source hardware (Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ and Arduino Mega 2560) that control four industrial motors, four ultrasound sensors, four optical encoders, a vision system of two cameras, and a Hokuyo URG-04LX-UG01 laser scanner. Moreover, the system is powered with a lithium battery that can supply 24 V DC and a maximum current-hour of 20Ah.The Robot Operating System (ROS) has been implemented in the Raspberry Pi and the performance is evaluated with the selection of the sensors and hardware selected. The mechatronic system is evaluated and proposed safe modes of power distribution for controlling all the electronic devices based on different tests. Therefore, based on different performance results, some recommendations are indicated for using the Raspberry Pi and Arduino in terms of power, communication, and distribution of control for different devices. According to these recommendations, the selection of sensors is distributed in both real-time controllers (Arduino and Raspberry Pi). On the other hand, the drivers of the cameras have been implemented in Linux and a python program has been implemented to access the cameras. These cameras will be used for implementing a deep learning algorithm to recognize people and objects. In this way, the level of intelligence can be increased in combination with the maps that can be obtained from the laser scanner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autonomous" title="autonomous">autonomous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indoor%20robot" title=" indoor robot"> indoor robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechatronic" title=" mechatronic"> mechatronic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=omnidirectional%20robot" title=" omnidirectional robot"> omnidirectional robot</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123510/low-cost-mechatronic-design-of-an-omnidirectional-mobile-robot" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">175</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1150</span> Assessment of Kinetic Trajectory of the Median Nerve from Wrist Ultrasound Images Using Two Dimensional Baysian Speckle Tracking Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li-Kai%20Kuo">Li-Kai Kuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shyh-Hau%20Wang"> Shyh-Hau Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The kinetic trajectory of the median nerve (MN) in the wrist has shown to be capable of being applied to assess the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), and was found able to be detected by high-frequency ultrasound image via motion tracking technique. Yet, previous study may not quickly perform the measurement due to the use of a single element transducer for ultrasound image scanning. Therefore, previous system is not appropriate for being applied to clinical application. In the present study, B-mode ultrasound images of the wrist corresponding to movements of fingers from flexion to extension were acquired by clinical applicable real-time scanner. The kinetic trajectories of MN were off-line estimated utilizing two dimensional Baysian speckle tracking (TDBST) technique. The experiments were carried out from ten volunteers by ultrasound scanner at 12 MHz frequency. Results verified from phantom experiments have demonstrated that TDBST technique is able to detect the movement of MN based on signals of the past and present information and then to reduce the computational complications associated with the effect of such image quality as the resolution and contrast variations. Moreover, TDBST technique tended to be more accurate than that of the normalized cross correlation tracking (NCCT) technique used in previous study to detect movements of the MN in the wrist. In response to fingers’ flexion movement, the kinetic trajectory of the MN moved toward the ulnar-palmar direction, and then toward the radial-dorsal direction corresponding to the extensional movement. TDBST technique and the employed ultrasound image scanner have verified to be feasible to sensitively detect the kinetic trajectory and displacement of the MN. It thus could be further applied to diagnose CTS clinically and to improve the measurements to assess 3D trajectory of the MN. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=baysian%20speckle%20tracking" title="baysian speckle tracking">baysian speckle tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carpal%20tunnel%20syndrome" title=" carpal tunnel syndrome"> carpal tunnel syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=median%20nerve" title=" median nerve"> median nerve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20tracking" title=" motion tracking"> motion tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28816/assessment-of-kinetic-trajectory-of-the-median-nerve-from-wrist-ultrasound-images-using-two-dimensional-baysian-speckle-tracking-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1149</span> Evaluation of the Efficacy of Titanium Alloy Dental Implants Coated by Bio-ceramic Apatite Wollastonite (Aw) and Hydroxyapatite (Ha) by Pulsed Laser Deposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betsy%20S.%20Thomas">Betsy S. Thomas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manjeet%20Marpara"> Manjeet Marpara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Bhat"> K. M. Bhat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: After the initial enthusiasm and interest in hydroxyapatite products subsided due to dissolution of the coating and failure at the coating interface, this was a unique attempt to create a next generation of dental implant. Materials and Methods: The adhesion property of AW and HA coatings at various temperature by pulsed laser deposition was assessed on titanium plates. Moreover, AW/HA coated implants implanted in the femur of the rabbits was evaluated at various intervals. Results: Decohesion load was more for AW in scratch test and more bone formation around AW coated implants on histological evaluation. Discussion: AW coating by pulsed laser deposition was more adherent to the titanium surface and led to faster bone formation than HA. Conclusion: This experiment opined that AW coated by pulsed laser deposition seems to be a promising method in achieving bioactive coatings on titanium implants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20coating" title="surface coating">surface coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20implants" title=" dental implants"> dental implants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osseo%20integration" title=" osseo integration"> osseo integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biotechnology" title=" biotechnology"> biotechnology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2446/evaluation-of-the-efficacy-of-titanium-alloy-dental-implants-coated-by-bio-ceramic-apatite-wollastonite-aw-and-hydroxyapatite-ha-by-pulsed-laser-deposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1148</span> Facial Partial Unilateral Lentiginosis Treated with Low-Fluence Q-Switched 1,064-Nm Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=En%20Hyung%20Kim">En Hyung Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Partial unilateral lentiginosis (PUL) is an unusual pigmentary disorder characterized by numerous lentigines grouped within an area of normal skin. Although treatment is not necessary, many patients with facial PUL seek medical help for cosmetic reasons. There is no established standard treatment for PUL. Conventional lasers may cause postinflammatory hyperpigmentation because keratinocytes are injured during the process. Also scarring, long downtime and pain are important issues. Case: A 19-year-old patient with facial PUL was treated with 1064-nm Q-Switched Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (QS Nd:YAG) laser. The patient was treated at one-week intervals starting with a spot size of 6 mm, a fluence of 2.5 J/cm2 and a pulse rate of 10 Hz with 1-2 passes of slow sliding technique with approximately 5-15 % overlap. The fluence was elevated to 3 J/cm2 after the 4th session according to treatment response and patient tolerance. After 10 treatment sessions the lesions were remarkably improved. Discussion: Although the exact mechanism by which low fluence 1,064-nm QS Nd:YAG laser improves pigmentary lesions is unclear, the term ‘subcellular selective photothermolysis’ and ‘melanocyte apoptosis and replacement’ have been proposed. If appropriate measures are taken to monitor patient response during and after the procedure, low fluence 1064-nm QS Nd:YAG laser may achieve good cosmetic result in the treatment of PUL with a very safe and effective profile. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20toning" title="laser toning">laser toning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20fluence" title=" low fluence"> low fluence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1064-nm%20Q-switched%20neodymium-doped%20yttrium%20aluminum%20garnet%20laser" title=" 1064-nm Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser"> 1064-nm Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20unilateral%20lentiginosis" title=" partial unilateral lentiginosis"> partial unilateral lentiginosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72818/facial-partial-unilateral-lentiginosis-treated-with-low-fluence-q-switched-1064-nm-neodymium-doped-yttrium-aluminum-garnet-laser" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ultrasound&page=5" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ultrasound&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20ultrasound&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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