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<li id="toc-The_Royal_Academy_of_Turku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Royal_Academy_of_Turku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>The Royal Academy of Turku</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Royal_Academy_of_Turku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_University_of_Turku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_University_of_Turku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>The University of Turku</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_University_of_Turku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enrollment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enrollment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Enrollment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enrollment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faculties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faculties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Faculties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faculties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campus_area" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campus_area"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Campus area</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campus_area-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable alumni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rectors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rectors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Rectors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rectors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chancellors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chancellors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Chancellors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chancellors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Turku</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%88" title="جامعة توركو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة توركو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83" title="Універсітэт Турку – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Універсітэт Турку" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitat_de_Turku" title="Universitat de Turku – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Universitat de Turku" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%C4%95" title="Турку университечĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Турку университечĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerzita_v_Turku" title="Univerzita v Turku – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Univerzita v Turku" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85bo_Universitet" title="Åbo Universitet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Åbo Universitet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turku_universitehta" title="Turku universitehta – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Turku universitehta" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A4t_Turku" title="Universität Turku – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Universität Turku" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turu_%C3%9Clikool" title="Turu Ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Turu Ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Turku" title="Universidad de Turku – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Universidad de Turku" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitato_de_Turku" title="Universitato de Turku – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Universitato de Turku" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkuko_Unibertsitatea" title="Turkuko Unibertsitatea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Turkuko Unibertsitatea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88" title="دانشگاه تورکو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه تورکو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Turku" title="Université de Turku – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université de Turku" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%88%AC%EB%A5%B4%EC%BF%A0_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="투르쿠 대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="투르쿠 대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Turku" title="Universitas Turku – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Universitas Turku" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_di_Turku" title="Università di Turku – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Università di Turku" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%AA_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%95" title="אוניברסיטת טורקו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוניברסיטת טורקו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Turkuensis" title="Universitas Turkuensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Universitas Turkuensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turku_Universit%C4%81te" title="Turku Universitāte – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Turku Universitāte" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkui_Egyetem" title="Turkui Egyetem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Turkui Egyetem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%88" title="جامعة توركو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة توركو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universiteit_van_Turku" title="Universiteit van Turku – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Universiteit van Turku" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="トゥルク大学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トゥルク大学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85bo_universitet" title="Åbo universitet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Åbo universitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85bo_universitet" title="Åbo universitet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Åbo universitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Турку университет – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Турку университет" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniwersytet_w_Turku" title="Uniwersytet w Turku – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Uniwersytet w Turku" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_de_Turku" title="Universidade de Turku – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Universidade de Turku" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitatea_din_Turku" title="Universitatea din Turku – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Universitatea din Turku" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83" title="Университет Турку – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Университет Турку" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turun_yliopisto" title="Turun yliopisto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Turun yliopisto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%85bo_universitet" title="Åbo universitet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Åbo universitet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibersidad_ng_Turku" title="Unibersidad ng Turku – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unibersidad ng Turku" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turku_%C3%9Cniversitesi" title="Turku Üniversitesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Turku Üniversitesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83" title="Університет Турку – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Університет Турку" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turu_%C3%BClikuul" title="Turu ülikuul – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Turu ülikuul" data-language-autonym="Võro" 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class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">University in Turku, Finland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the university founded in 1640, see <a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Academy_of_Turku" class="mw-redirect" title="The Royal Academy of Turku">The Royal Academy of Turku</a>. For the current Swedish-speaking university in Turku, see <a href="/wiki/%C3%85bo_Akademi" class="mw-redirect" title="Åbo Akademi">Åbo Akademi</a>. For the vocational university, see <a href="/wiki/Turku_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Turku University of Applied Sciences">Turku University of Applied Sciences</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">University of Turku</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname" lang="fin"><a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: <i lang="fi">Turun yliopisto</i><br /><a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: <i lang="sv">Åbo universitet</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:University_of_Turku.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ab/University_of_Turku.svg/220px-University_of_Turku.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ab/University_of_Turku.svg/330px-University_of_Turku.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ab/University_of_Turku.svg/440px-University_of_Turku.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="196" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Universitas Aboensis<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><div lang="fin"><i>Vapaan kansan lahja vapaalle tieteelle</i><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">The gift of a free nation to free science</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Public University">Public University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1920</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Rector_(academia)" title="Rector (academia)">Rector</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marjo_Kaartinen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marjo Kaartinen (page does not exist)">Marjo Kaartinen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Administrative staff</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,412</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">21,900<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">Undergraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">9,095</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Postgraduate_education" title="Postgraduate education">Postgraduates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6,481</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Doctorate" title="Doctorate">Doctoral students</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,033</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data">Urban</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Coimbra_Group" title="Coimbra Group">Coimbra Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/UArctic" class="mw-redirect" title="UArctic">UArctic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utu.fi/en">Official Website (in English)</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>University of Turku</b> (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: <i lang="fi">Turun yliopisto</i>, in <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: <i lang="sv">Åbo universitet</i>, shortened <i>UTU</i>) is a multidisciplinary public <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a> with eight faculties located in the city of <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a> in <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Finland" title="Southwest Finland">southwestern</a> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>. The university also has campuses in <a href="/wiki/Rauma,_Finland" title="Rauma, Finland">Rauma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pori" title="Pori">Pori</a> and research stations in <a href="/wiki/Kevo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kevo">Kevo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%A4l%C3%B6" title="Själö">Själö</a>. </p><p>Established in 1920, the university is the third largest in the country as measured by student enrollment, after the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">University of Helsinki</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tampere_University" title="Tampere University">Tampere University</a>. It is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Coimbra_Group" title="Coimbra Group">Coimbra Group</a> and the European Campus of City-Universities (EC2U).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Royal_Academy_of_Turku">The Royal Academy of Turku</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The Royal Academy of Turku"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Academy_of_Turku" class="mw-redirect" title="The Royal Academy of Turku">The Royal Academy of Turku</a></div> <p>The first university to be established in Turku was <a href="/wiki/The_Royal_Academy_of_Turku" class="mw-redirect" title="The Royal Academy of Turku">The Royal Academy of Turku</a>, in 1640, which was transferred to the new Capital, <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>, after the <a href="/wiki/Great_Fire_of_Turku" title="Great Fire of Turku">Great Fire of Turku</a> in 1827. </p><p>Three famous Finns began their studies in Turku in 1822. These were <a href="/wiki/Johan_Vilhelm_Snellman" title="Johan Vilhelm Snellman">Johan Vilhelm Snellman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elias_L%C3%B6nnrot" title="Elias Lönnrot">Elias Lönnrot</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Johan_Ludvig_Runeberg" title="Johan Ludvig Runeberg">Johan Ludvig Runeberg</a> who have a statue on University Hill. Another reminder of the Royal Academy is the <a href="/wiki/Old_Academy_Building" title="Old Academy Building">Old Academy Building</a> near the university's campus. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_University_of_Turku">The University of Turku</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The University of Turku"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turun_yliopiston_avajaiset_1922.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Turun_yliopiston_avajaiset_1922.png/250px-Turun_yliopiston_avajaiset_1922.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Turun_yliopiston_avajaiset_1922.png/375px-Turun_yliopiston_avajaiset_1922.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Turun_yliopiston_avajaiset_1922.png/500px-Turun_yliopiston_avajaiset_1922.png 2x" data-file-width="883" data-file-height="523" /></a><figcaption>The grand opening of the University of Turku in 1922. On the left is <a href="/wiki/Artturi_H._Virkkunen" title="Artturi H. Virkkunen">Artturi H. Virkkunen</a>, the first rector of the university</figcaption></figure> <p>The modern University of Turku was founded in 1920. The Finnish intelligentsia wanted a purely <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a> university, the first of its kind in Finland. 22,040 people contributed to the fund-raising campaign. Newly gained <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Declaration_of_Independence" title="Finnish Declaration of Independence">independence</a> and the campaign are reflected in the motto of the university about a free people's gift to free science. To honour the memory of these donors, the university has named its specially created <a href="/wiki/Liqueur" title="Liqueur">liqueur</a> "22 040". Developed by the university's own food chemists, the liqueur does homage to some of the distinctive fruits of the Finnish landscape: the <a href="/wiki/Cloudberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Cloudberry">cloudberry</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Rowan" title="Rowan">rowan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sea_buckthorn" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea buckthorn">sea buckthorn</a>. </p><p>The first premises of the University of Turku were in the centre of the city, by the market square. In the 1950s a new campus was built on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryss%C3%A4nm%C3%A4ki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryssänmäki (page does not exist)">Ryssänmäki</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yliopistonm%C3%A4ki" class="extiw" title="fi:Yliopistonmäki">fi</a>]</span> (<i>Russian Hill</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – now known as University Hill). In the 1960s the university started to expand rapidly, a process that still continues. </p><p>The university was made a public institution in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-history_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 1995 the University of Turku has been a member of the <a href="/wiki/Coimbra_Group" title="Coimbra Group">Coimbra Group</a>. In 2017, the university became a member of The European Campus of City-Universities (EC2U).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2010, the <a href="/wiki/Turku_School_of_Economics" title="Turku School of Economics">Turku School of Economics</a> merged with the University of Turku, forming a seventh faculty of the university.<sup id="cite_ref-history_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-history-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2021, the Faculty of Technology was established as the eighth faculty of the university.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enrollment">Enrollment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Enrollment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The university has approximately 22,000 degree students. <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">Bachelor’s</a>, <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree" title="Master's degree">master’s</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doctoral_degree" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctoral degree">doctoral</a> degrees are offered both in Finnish and in English. The largest faculties are the Faculty of Humanities and the Faculty of Science and Technology. </p><p>The University is a home for The University of Turku Graduate School (UTUGS) which consists of doctoral programmes covering all disciplines. The graduate school has approximately 2,000 doctoral candidates pursuing a PhD. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Faculties">Faculties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Faculties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><span class="fn"><a href="/wiki/College_and_university_rankings" title="College and university rankings">University rankings</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lavender;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546">Global – Overall</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a></i> World<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">301–400 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/QS_World_University_Rankings" title="QS World University Rankings">QS</a></i> World<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">=315 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings" title="Times Higher Education World University Rankings">THE</a></i> World<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">301–350 (2024)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><i><a href="/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking">USNWR</a></i> Global<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:35%;text-align:right">=342 (2023)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p>There are altogether eight faculties in the University of Turku </p> <ul><li>Faculty of Humanities</li> <li>Faculty of Education</li> <li>Faculty of Medicine</li> <li>Faculty of Science</li> <li>Faculty of Law</li> <li>Faculty of Social Sciences</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turku_School_of_Economics" title="Turku School of Economics">Turku School of Economics</a></li> <li>Faculty of Technology</li></ul> <p>In addition to the faculties, the research and learning activities at the university take place in five independent units: Brahea Centre of the University of Turku, Centre for Language and Communication Studies, Turku PET Centre, Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO and Turku Bioscience Centre. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turun_yliopisto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Turun_yliopisto.jpg/250px-Turun_yliopisto.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Turun_yliopisto.jpg/375px-Turun_yliopisto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Turun_yliopisto.jpg/500px-Turun_yliopisto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Natura (left) and Main Building (right)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ICT_Building_Turku.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ICT_Building_Turku.jpg/250px-ICT_Building_Turku.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ICT_Building_Turku.jpg/375px-ICT_Building_Turku.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/ICT_Building_Turku.jpg/500px-ICT_Building_Turku.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="1691" /></a><figcaption>ICT Building</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TuKKK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/TuKKK.jpg/250px-TuKKK.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/TuKKK.jpg/375px-TuKKK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/TuKKK.jpg/500px-TuKKK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1733" data-file-height="1173" /></a><figcaption>Turku School of Economics</figcaption></figure> <p>The university management consists of the Board, The <a href="/wiki/Rector_(academia)" title="Rector (academia)">Rector</a> and the vice rectors and the University Collegiate Council. </p><p><i>The Board</i> is the highest decision-making organ of the university and is made up of 10 members from academia, society and studentship.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.utu.fi/en/university/organisation">[1]</a> It develops the university's operating processes and approves plans concerning its financing and activities; it decide on the guidelines of granting appropriations; it give its opinion in any matters of significance that concern the university in principle and the Board approves the service regulations and other similar rules. </p><p><i>The Rector</i> directs the activities and processes of the university and solves any issues concerning its general management. The Rector represents the university and uses the university's right to speak in courts of law and in dealings with the authorities. Professor Marjo Kaartinen is currently the elected Rector.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The University Collegiate Council consists of 30 members: ten professors, ten other teaching and research personnel and other staff and ten students.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Campus_area">Campus area</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Campus area"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The University of Turku shares a campus with <a href="/wiki/%C3%85bo_Akademi_University" title="Åbo Akademi University">Åbo Akademi University</a> and elements of <a href="/wiki/Turku_Science_Park" title="Turku Science Park">Turku Science Park</a>. The area also encompasses <a href="/wiki/TYKS" class="mw-redirect" title="TYKS">Turku University Hospital (TYKS)</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Turku_Student_Village" title="Turku Student Village">Student Village</a>. The Main Building and the surrounding complex was built in the fifties on what became known as the University Hill. The campus is constantly expanding, the latest example is the Medisiina D building which houses the facilities of the Faculty of Medicine. The university also owns the Botanic Garden at Ruissalo as well as the research station at the Island of Seili. In addition to the campus area in Turku, the university also has campus areas in the nearby cities of Pori and Rauma. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As defined in its strategy 2030,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the university's multidisciplinary research is profiled through six thematic areas which are biodiversity and sustainability; future technologies and digital society; cultural memory and social change; children, young people and learning; health, diagnostics and drug development; and sea and maritime studies. </p><p>The University of Turku has been involved in many research projects in the <a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Amazon" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian Amazon">Peruvian Amazon</a>. With the Peruvian Amazon Research Institute (<i>Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana – IIAP</i>), based in <a href="/wiki/Iquitos" title="Iquitos">Iquitos</a>, has been studying the Amazon in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=BIODAMAZ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BIODAMAZ (page does not exist)">BIODAMAZ</a> Project. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable alumni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sauli_Niinist%C3%B6" title="Sauli Niinistö">Sauli Niinistö</a><sup id="cite_ref-aoty_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aoty-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 12th President of Finland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauno_Koivisto" title="Mauno Koivisto">Mauno Koivisto</a><sup id="cite_ref-aoty_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aoty-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – 9th President of Finland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petteri_Orpo" title="Petteri Orpo">Petteri Orpo</a><sup id="cite_ref-aoty_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aoty-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – Prime Minister of Finland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riikka_Purra" title="Riikka Purra">Riikka Purra</a> – Member of Parliament, Minister of Finance, Deputy Prime Minister of Finland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annika_Saarikko" title="Annika Saarikko">Annika Saarikko</a> – Member of Parliament, Minister of Finance, Deputy Prime Minister of Finland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krista_Kiuru" title="Krista Kiuru">Krista Kiuru</a><sup id="cite_ref-aoty_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aoty-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – Member of Parliament, Minister of Family Affairs and Social Services</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liisa_Hyss%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Liisa Hyssälä">Liisa Hyssälä</a> – Member of Parliament, Minister of Health and Social Services</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Lehtom%C3%A4ki" title="Paula Lehtomäki">Paula Lehtomäki</a> – Member of Parliament, Minister for Foreign Trade and Development</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matti_Anttonen" title="Matti Anttonen">Matti Anttonen</a><sup id="cite_ref-aoty_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aoty-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – diplomat and Secretary of State</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekka_Puska" title="Pekka Puska">Pekka Puska</a> – Member of Parliament, physician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ville_Niinist%C3%B6" title="Ville Niinistö">Ville Niinistö</a> – Member of the European Parliament</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timo_Airaksinen" title="Timo Airaksinen">Timo Airaksinen</a> – Professor of Moral Philosophy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarmo_Viinanen" title="Jarmo Viinanen">Jarmo Viinanen</a> – diplomat, Secretary General of the Presidential Office</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heli_Laaksonen" title="Heli Laaksonen">Heli Laaksonen</a> – poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaisa_Matom%C3%A4ki" title="Kaisa Matomäki">Kaisa Matomäki</a> – mathematician and <a href="/wiki/SASTRA_Ramanujan_Prize" title="SASTRA Ramanujan Prize">SASTRA Ramanujan Prize</a> winner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martti_Koskenniemi" title="Martti Koskenniemi">Martti Koskenniemi</a> – Professor of International Law</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rectors">Rectors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Rectors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artturi_H._Virkkunen" title="Artturi H. Virkkunen">Artturi H. Virkkunen</a> (1922–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._A._Koskenniemi" class="mw-redirect" title="V. A. Koskenniemi">V. A. Koskenniemi</a> (1924–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._G._Gran%C3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="J. G. Granö">J. G. Granö</a> (1932–1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einar_W._Juva" title="Einar W. Juva">Einar W. Juva</a> (1934–1945)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harry_Waris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harry Waris (page does not exist)">Harry Waris</a> (1945–1948)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T._E._Olin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T. E. Olin (page does not exist)">T. E. Olin</a> (1948–1954)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmo_J%C3%A4rvi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmo Järvi (page does not exist)">Osmo Järvi</a> (1954–1960)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tauno_Nurmela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tauno Nurmela (page does not exist)">Tauno Nurmela</a> (1960–1970)</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaarlo_Hartiala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaarlo Hartiala (page does not exist)">Kaarlo Hartiala</a> (1970–1975)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmo_Ikola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmo Ikola (page does not exist)">Osmo Ikola</a> (1975–1981)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arje_Scheinin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arje Scheinin (page does not exist)">Arje Scheinin</a> (1981–1987)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arne_Rousi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arne Rousi (page does not exist)">Arne Rousi</a> (1987–1993)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keijo_Paunio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keijo Paunio (page does not exist)">Keijo Paunio</a> (1994–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keijo_Virtanen" title="Keijo Virtanen">Keijo Virtanen</a> (1997–2012)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalervo_V%C3%A4%C3%A4n%C3%A4nen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalervo Väänänen (page does not exist)">Kalervo Väänänen</a> (2012–2019)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jukka_Kola&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jukka Kola (page does not exist)">Jukka Kola</a> (2019–2024)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marjo_Kaartinen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marjo Kaartinen (page does not exist)">Marjo Kaartinen</a> (2024-)</li></ul> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chancellors">Chancellors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Chancellors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Chancellor, appointed by the President of Finland upon proposal of the Finnish Government, was to promote science and scholarship, look after the general interests of the university and supervise its activities. The Chancellor confirmed the standing orders and other corresponding general regulations of the university. The most visible task of the Chancellor was the appointment of the Professors and the Docents of the university. Professor Pekka Puska was the last person to hold this position until it was abolished based on the decision of the University Board. The duties were reassigned to the Rector.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Richard_Danielson-Kalmari" title="Johan Richard Danielson-Kalmari">Johan Richard Danielson-Kalmari</a> (1921–1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eemil_Nestor_Set%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Eemil Nestor Setälä">Emil Nestor Setälä</a> (1926–1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Komppa" title="Gustaf Komppa">Gustaf Komppa</a> (1935–1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Gabriel_Gran%C3%B6" title="Johannes Gabriel Granö">Johannes Gabriel Granö</a> (1945–1955)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=T._E._Olin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T. E. Olin (page does not exist)">T. E. Olin</a> (1955–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolf_Nevanlinna" title="Rolf Nevanlinna">Rolf Nevanlinna</a> (1965–1970)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tauno_Nurmela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tauno Nurmela (page does not exist)">Tauno Nurmela</a> (1970–1975)</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaarlo_Hartiala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaarlo Hartiala (page does not exist)">Kaarlo Hartiala</a> (1975–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olavi_Gran%C3%B6" title="Olavi Granö">Olavi Granö</a> (1984–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaakko_Nousiainen" title="Jaakko Nousiainen">Jaakko Nousiainen</a> (1994–1997)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keijo_Paunio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keijo Paunio (page does not exist)">Keijo Paunio</a> (1997–2000)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sirkka_Kartio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sirkka Kartio (page does not exist)">Sirkka Kartio</a> (2000–2003)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eero_Vuorio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eero Vuorio (page does not exist)">Eero Vuorio</a> (2003–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekka_Puska" title="Pekka Puska">Pekka Puska</a> (2010–2013)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_universities_in_Europe_(1801%E2%80%931945)" title="List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)">List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Turku&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search?query=%22Universitas+Aboensis%22&sin=TXT">"Search"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Search&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fsearch%3Fquery%3D%2522Universitas%2BAboensis%2522%26sin%3DTXT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utu.fi/en/university/traditions/Pages/home.aspx">"Academic Traditions since 1640"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Academic+Traditions+since+1640&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.utu.fi%2Fen%2Funiversity%2Ftraditions%2FPages%2Fhome.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utu.fi/fi/yliopisto/avaintiedot">"Turun yliopiston avaintiedot (In Finnish)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turun+yliopiston+avaintiedot+%28In+Finnish%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.utu.fi%2Ffi%2Fyliopisto%2Favaintiedot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec2u.eu/what-is-ec2u/">"About EC2U"</a>. <i>EC2U</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EC2U&rft.atitle=About+EC2U&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec2u.eu%2Fwhat-is-ec2u%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJuslenius1700" class="citation book cs1">Juslenius, Daniel (1700). <i>Aboa vetus et nova</i>. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. p. 185. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-951-746-743-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-951-746-743-8"><bdi>978-951-746-743-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aboa+vetus+et+nova&rft.pages=185&rft.pub=Suomalaisen+Kirjallisuuden+Seura&rft.date=1700&rft.isbn=978-951-746-743-8&rft.aulast=Juslenius&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-history-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-history_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-history_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utu.fi/en/university/traditions/history/Pages/home.aspx">"The History of the University of Turku"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+of+the+University+of+Turku&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.utu.fi%2Fen%2Funiversity%2Ftraditions%2Fhistory%2FPages%2Fhome.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec2u.eu/what-is-ec2u/">"About EC2U"</a>. <i>EC2U</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EC2U&rft.atitle=About+EC2U&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fec2u.eu%2Fwhat-is-ec2u%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utu.fi/en/100/century-of-top-research-and-education">"100 Years of Top Research and Education"</a>. <i>www.utu.fi</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-11-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.utu.fi&rft.atitle=100+Years+of+Top+Research+and+Education&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utu.fi%2Fen%2F100%2Fcentury-of-top-research-and-education&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/arwu/2023">"ARWU World University Rankings 2034"</a>. <i>www.shanghairanking.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.shanghairanking.com&rft.atitle=ARWU+World+University+Rankings+2034&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shanghairanking.com%2Frankings%2Farwu%2F2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2024">"QS World University Rankings 2024"</a>. <i>topuniversities.com</i>. 19 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=topuniversities.com&rft.atitle=QS+World+University+Rankings+2024&rft.date=2023-06-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.topuniversities.com%2Funiversity-rankings%2Fworld-university-rankings%2F2024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2024">"World University Rankings"</a>. <i>timeshighereducation.com</i>. 6 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=timeshighereducation.com&rft.atitle=World+University+Rankings&rft.date=2023-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.com%2Fworld-university-rankings%2F2024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/finland">"U.S. News Education: Best Global Universities 2022-23"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+News+Education%3A+Best+Global+Universities+2022-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Feducation%2Fbest-global-universities%2Ffinland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utu.fi/en/university/organisation">"Rector"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rector&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utu.fi%2Fen%2Funiversity%2Forganisation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utu.fi/en/university/organisation">"University Collegiate Council"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+Collegiate+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utu.fi%2Fen%2Funiversity%2Forganisation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utu.fi/en/university/strategy-and-values">"Strategy and Values of the University of Turku | University of Turku"</a>. <i>www.utu.fi</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.utu.fi&rft.atitle=Strategy+and+Values+of+the+University+of+Turku+%7C+University+of+Turku&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utu.fi%2Fen%2Funiversity%2Fstrategy-and-values&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aoty-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aoty_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aoty_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aoty_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aoty_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aoty_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.utu.fi/fi/yliopisto/alumneille/vuoden-alumnit">"Vuoden alumnit"</a> [Alumni of the Year]. <i>University of Turku</i> (in Finnish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Turku&rft.atitle=Vuoden+alumnit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.utu.fi%2Ffi%2Fyliopisto%2Falumneille%2Fvuoden-alumnit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUniversity+of+Turku" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utu.fi/en/university/traditions/history/Pages/chancellors.aspx">"Chancellors of the University of Turku"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/%C3%85bo_Akademi_University" title="Åbo Akademi University">Åbo Akademi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Eastern_Finland" title="University of Eastern Finland">Eastern Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanken_School_of_Economics" title="Hanken School of Economics">Hanken School of Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">Helsinki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4" title="University of Jyväskylä">Jyväskylä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lapland" title="University of Lapland">Lapland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lappeenranta_University_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Lappeenranta University of Technology">Lappeenranta University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defence_University_(Finland)" title="National Defence University (Finland)">National Defence University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oulu" title="University of Oulu">Oulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampere_University" title="Tampere University">Tampere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Arts_Helsinki" title="University of the Arts Helsinki">University of the Arts Helsinki</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Vaasa" title="University of Vaasa">Vaasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and 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title="University of Bologna">Bologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C3%B6tv%C3%B6s_Lor%C3%A1nd_University" title="Eötvös Loránd University">Budapest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Coimbra" title="University of Coimbra">Coimbra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cologne" title="University of Cologne">Cologne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Dublin (TCD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Galway" title="University of Galway">Galway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Geneva" title="University of Geneva">Geneva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_G%C3%B6ttingen" title="University of Göttingen">Göttingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Granada" title="University of Granada">Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Graz" title="University of Graz">Graz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Groningen" title="University of Groningen">Groningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_University" title="Heidelberg University">Heidelberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Ioan_Cuza_University" title="Alexandru Ioan Cuza University">Iași</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_University" title="Istanbul University">Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Jena" title="University of Jena">Jena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagiellonian_University" title="Jagiellonian University">Kraków</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiden_University" title="Leiden University">Leiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven">Leuven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_catholique_de_Louvain" class="mw-redirect" title="Université catholique de Louvain">Louvain-la-Neuve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Montpellier" title="University of Montpellier">Montpellier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Val%C3%A9ry_University_Montpellier_3" title="Paul Valéry University Montpellier 3">Montpellier 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Padua" title="University of Padua">Padua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pavia" title="University of Pavia">Pavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Poitiers" title="University of Poitiers">Poitiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_University_in_Prague" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles University in Prague">Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_State_University" title="Saint Petersburg State University">St. Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Salamanca" title="University of Salamanca">Salamanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Siena" title="University of Siena">Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tartu" title="University of Tartu">Tartu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turku I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85bo_Akademi_University" title="Åbo Akademi University">Turku II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uppsala_University" title="Uppsala University">Uppsala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utrecht_University" title="Utrecht University">Utrecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilnius_University" title="Vilnius University">Vilnius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_W%C3%BCrzburg" title="University of Würzburg">Würzburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="CDIO_Initiative" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CDIO" title="Template:CDIO"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CDIO" title="Template talk:CDIO"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CDIO" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CDIO"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="CDIO_Initiative" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/CDIO_Initiative" title="CDIO Initiative">CDIO Initiative</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="South_Africa" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">South Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Johannesburg" title="University of Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pretoria" title="University of Pretoria">Pretoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia-Pacific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chisholm_Institute" title="Chisholm Institute">Chisholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtin_University" title="Curtin University">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensland_University_of_Technology" title="Queensland University of Technology">Queensland Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Melbourne_Institute_of_Technology" title="Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology">Royal Melbourne Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sydney" title="University of Sydney">Sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Sunshine_Coast" title="University of the Sunshine Coast">Sunshine Coast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Institute_of_Petrochemical_Technology" title="Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology">Beijing Petrochemical Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Jiaotong_University" title="Beijing Jiaotong University">Beijing Jiaotong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu_University_of_Information_Technology" title="Chengdu University of Information Technology">Chengdu Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantou_University" title="Shantou University">Shantou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsinghua_University" title="Tsinghua University">Tsinghua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Electronic_Science_and_Technology_of_China" title="University of Electronic Science and Technology of China">Electronic Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanshan_University" title="Yanshan University">Yanshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalian_Neusoft_University_of_Information" title="Dalian Neusoft University of Information">Dalian Neusoft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;"><i>Elsewhere</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universiti_Teknologi_MARA" title="Universiti Teknologi MARA">MARA Technological <span style="font-size:85%;">(Malaysia)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungku_Omar_Polytechnic" title="Ungku Omar Polytechnic">Ungku Omar Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Malaysia)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Sultan_Polytechnic" title="Ibrahim Sultan Polytechnic">Ibrahim Sultan Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Malaysia)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor%27s_University" title="Taylor's University">Taylor's <span style="font-size:85%;">(Malaysia)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Auckland" title="University of Auckland">Auckland <span style="font-size:85%;">(New Zealand)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_Polytechnic" title="Singapore Polytechnic">Singapore Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Singapore)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_National_University,_Ho_Chi_Minh_City" title="Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City">National Ho Chi Minh <span style="font-size:85%;">(Vietnam)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Finland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lahti_University_of_Applied_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahti University of Applied Sciences">Lahti A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapland_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Lapland University of Applied Sciences">Lapland A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolia_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Metropolia University of Applied Sciences">Metropolia A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novia_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Novia University of Applied Sciences">Novia A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savonia_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Savonia University of Applied Sciences">Savonia A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sein%C3%A4joki_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences">Seinäjoki A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampere_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Tampere University of Applied Sciences">Tampere A.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turku_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Turku University of Applied Sciences">Turku A.S.</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turku</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_State_University" title="Astrakhan State University">Astrakhan State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauman_Moscow_State_Technical_University" title="Bauman Moscow State Technical University">Moscow State Technical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherepovets_State_University" title="Cherepovets State University">Cherepovets State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_State_Technical_University" title="Don State Technical University">Don State Technical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazan_Federal_University" title="Kazan Federal University">Kazan Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Aviation_Institute" title="Moscow Aviation Institute">Moscow Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Institute_of_Physics_and_Technology" title="Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology">Moscow Physics and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Engineering_Physics_Institute" title="Moscow Engineering Physics Institute">Moscow Engineering Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-Eastern_Federal_University" title="North-Eastern Federal University">North-Eastern Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oryol_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oryol State University">Orel State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_State_University_of_Aerospace_Instrumentation" title="Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation">Saint Petersburg Aerospace Instrumentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Federal_University" title="Siberian Federal University">Siberian Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skolkovo_Institute_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology">Skolkovo Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomsk_Polytechnic_University" title="Tomsk Polytechnic University">Tomsk Poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomsk_State_University_of_Control_Systems_and_Radio-electronics" title="Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radio-electronics">Tomsk Control Systems and Radioelectronics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Federal_University" title="Ural Federal University">Ural Federal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Sweden</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blekinge_Institute_of_Technology" title="Blekinge Institute of Technology">Blekinge Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalmers_University_of_Technology" title="Chalmers University of Technology">Chalmers Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping_School_of_Engineering" title="Jönköping School of Engineering">Jönköping Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristianstad_University" title="Kristianstad University">Kristianstad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTH_Royal_Institute_of_Technology" title="KTH Royal Institute of Technology">Royal Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping_University" title="Linköping University">Linköping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linnaeus_University" title="Linnaeus University">Linnaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lule%C3%A5_University_of_Technology" title="Luleå University of Technology">Luleå Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5_Institute_of_Technology" title="Umeå Institute of Technology">Umeå Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_West" title="University West">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sk%C3%B6vde" title="University of Skövde">Skövde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">UK</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aston_University" title="Aston University">Aston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University">Lancaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_Belfast" title="Queen's University Belfast">Queen's Belfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Regional_College" title="South Eastern Regional College">South Eastern Regional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_University" title="Ulster University">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bristol" title="University of Bristol">Bristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chichester" title="University of Chichester">Chichester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Liverpool" title="University of Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;"><i>Elsewhere</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hogeschool_Gent" title="Hogeschool Gent">Gent <span style="font-size:85%;">(Belgium)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aarhus_University" title="Aarhus University">Aarhus <span style="font-size:85%;">(Denmark)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Denmark" title="Technical University of Denmark">Denmark Technical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_des_t%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications_de_Bretagne" title="École nationale supérieure des télécommunications de Bretagne">Bretagne Telecom <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hochschule_Wismar" title="Hochschule Wismar">Hochschule Wismar <span style="font-size:85%;">(Germany)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Milan" title="Polytechnic University of Milan">Milan Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Italy)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Superior_de_Engenharia_do_Porto" title="Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto">Porto Superior Engineering <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnic_University_of_Catalonia" title="Polytechnic University of Catalonia">Catalonia Poly <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnique_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Polytechnique Montréal">Montréal Poly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_University_at_Kingston" title="Queen's University at Kingston">Queen's Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_College" title="Sheridan College">Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Calgary" title="University of Calgary">Calgary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Manitoba" title="University of Manitoba">Manitoba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_State_University,_Northridge" title="California State University, Northridge">Cal State Northridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embry%E2%80%93Riddle_Aeronautical_University" title="Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University">Embry–Riddle Aeronautical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Postgraduate_School" title="Naval Postgraduate School">Naval Postgraduate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_University" title="Pennsylvania State University">Pennsylvania State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Academy" title="United States Naval Academy">Naval Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas" title="University of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Colorado" title="University of Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Notre_Dame" title="University of Notre Dame">Notre Dame</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Central and<br />South America</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Chile</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_the_Most_Holy_Conception" title="Catholic University of the Most Holy Conception">Catholic University of the Most Holy Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Los_Lagos" title="University of Los Lagos">Los Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Santiago,_Chile" title="University of Santiago, Chile">Santiago Chile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.0em;font-weight:normal;">Colombia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICESI_University" title="ICESI University">Higher Studies of Incolda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Colombia" title="National University of Colombia">Colombia National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Xavierian_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Xavierian University">Pontifical Xavierian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Antioquia" title="University of Antioquia">Antioquia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Santo_Tomas" title="University of Santo Tomas">Santo Tomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Quind%C3%ADo" title="University of Quindío">Quindío</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501841#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501841#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q501841#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000120971371">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/155567035">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1013659-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79029910">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11995649x">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11995649x">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35667915">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Turun yliopisto"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=nlk20040151475&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/403658">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90347790">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000188412&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/18578">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007268994605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028041224">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=University_of_Turku&params=60_27_15_N_22_17_5_E_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">60°27′15″N</span> <span 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