CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:[]},session_replay:{sampling_rate:10.0,mask_text_selector:"",block_selector:"",mask_input_options:{date:true,text_area:true,week:true,select:true,color:true,range:true,textarea:true,url:true,number:true,search:true,month:true,datetime_local:true,tel:true,text:true,time:true,email:true},enabled:true,error_sampling_rate:100.0},session_trace:{sampling_rate:10.0,mode:"PROBABILISTIC",enabled:true,error_sampling_rate:100.0}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={xpid:"UA8FUVBADwsIV1VaAgIH",licenseKey:"76fb58fb05",applicationID:"788348530"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-full-1.283.1.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>p,xN:()=>g});var n=r(3333);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MARKS)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MEASURES)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.RESOURCES)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:["id","className","tagName","type"]}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.283.1",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>u,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>f,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>l,m:()=>c,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>d});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=""+a?.location,u=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),d=u&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),f=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)g(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function g(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:g,addEventListener:g,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=p(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var g=v()[s[e]];g&&g.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:p,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function g(e,t){n[e]=p(e).concat(t)}function p(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",g)}function g(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),c&&h(c.prototype,f),h(a.gm,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9414:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{J:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(2646),o=r(944),a=r(3434);const s=new Map;function c(e,t,r,c){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,o.R)(29);const u=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("logger")}(e),d=(0,a.YM)(u),l=new i.y(n.P);l.level=c.level,l.customAttributes=c.customAttributes;const f=t[r]?.[a.Jt]||t[r];return s.set(f,l),d.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",(()=>s.get(f))),u}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$v:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,kd:()=>c,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3,c=["PageAction","UserAction","BrowserPerformance"],u={MARKS:"experimental.marks",MEASURES:"experimental.measures",RESOURCES:"experimental.resources"}},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A$:()=>o,ET:()=>a,TZ:()=>s,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o={OFF:0,ERROR:1,WARN:2,INFO:3,DEBUG:4,TRACE:5},a="log",s=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(8154),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},8154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{z_:()=>o,XG:()=>s,TZ:()=>n,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a});r(6154),r(9566),r(384);const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},8969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>N});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(8154),h=r(384),g=r(6344);const p=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","recordCustomEvent","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",g.G4.RECORD,g.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),R=r(3785),x=r(9414);function w(){const e=(0,h.pV)();p.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var A=r(9417),T=r(5603),_=r(5284);const S=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function N(e,t={},p,N){let{init:I,info:P,loader_config:j,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=p;const H=(0,h.pV)();P||(I=H.init,P=H.info,j=H.loader_config),(0,A.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,I||{}),(0,T.a)(e.agentIdentifier,j||{}),P.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(P.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,P);const D=(0,A.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),L=[P.beacon,P.errorBeacon];O||(D.proxy.assets&&(S(D.proxy.assets),L.push(D.proxy.assets)),D.proxy.beacon&&L.push(D.proxy.beacon),w(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",_.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===D.soft_navigations.enabled&&D.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...D.ajax.deny_list||[],...D.ajax.block_internal?L:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const p={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(g.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var T="api-",_=T+"ixn-";function S(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(T,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}p.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,R.R)(w,e,t,r)},p.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,x.J)(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{p[e]=I(T,e,!0,"api")})),p.addPageAction=I(T,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),p.recordCustomEvent=I(T,"recordCustomEvent",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),p.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(T,"setPageViewName",!0)()},p.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return S(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},p.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return S("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},p.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return S("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},p.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},p[g.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(g.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},p[g.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(g.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},p.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const N=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),h||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function P(){r.e(891).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{N[e]=I(_,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),p.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(T,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),p.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>P()),!0):P(),p}(e.agentIdentifier,N,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n="events",i="jserrors",o="browser/blobs",a="rum",s={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:i,logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:"browser/logs",[s.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({95:"nr-full-compressor",222:"nr-full-recorder",891:"nr-full"}[e]+"-1.283.1.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.283.1.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={891:"sha512-lVqR3Dn6J8gNv/qx6uwv/BkHGfYTjmgUmpQ1g3KewUs/BAlEgDNEjtqisiOvM7gJNOH5b/lDr/gXrctX/6uhmg==",222:"sha512-r7JndTDmcqZc7soxM3YtJog64BIblVU4Ez8/mfluyz/KDQOnr3V1KGyop/fFGfRcLFLVYt0pv5PyUwCyC+FbVQ==",95:"sha512-kzPPmh2eRI84JbwNgf72DNQY/HX6glcZEu/X7P6FfEBXL9+sv1l63r5rK0u+QlS2I9OQrnLM5nmwqyfJCpNVHA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(g);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},g=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={85:0,959:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.283.1.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.283.1.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e("recordCustomEvent",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(8969);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),g=i(6154),p=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};g.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,p.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class R extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var x=i(384);var w=i(9908),E=i(2843),A=i(3878),T=i(782),_=i(1863);class S extends b{static featureName=T.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,T.T,t),g.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,w.p)("docHidden",[(0,_.t)()],void 0,T.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,w.p)("winPagehide",[(0,_.t)()],void 0,T.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(8154);class N extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),P=i(3304);class j{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,P.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return D(e)?e:new j(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(D(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function H(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new j(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return D(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function D(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class L extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",((e,t)=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,_.t)(),!0,{},this.#r,t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),g.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[k(e),(0,_.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),g.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[H(e),(0,_.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===g.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,P.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(void 0===g.gm.XMLHttpRequest)return n;if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=g.gm.MutationObserver,s=g.gm.Promise,c=g.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(p?p.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var p=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=g.gm.Request,ee=g.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&g.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(g.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof g.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,P.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,x.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,x.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,w.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};g.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};ge(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=x,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){E(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),g.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},ge(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,_.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,_.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function p(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,_.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,_.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&g.RI&&(t=""+g.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:g.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,_.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:g.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),ge(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function R(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,_.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,_.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function x(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,_.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):E(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function E(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,w.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",p),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",R)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function ge(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const pe={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!g.RI||pe[t.debugId]++||(pe[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:Re,d3:xe,Kp:we,TZ:Ee,Lc:Ae,uP:Te,Rz:_e}=be;class Se extends b{static featureName=Ee;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Ee,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Te,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,_.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,w.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,_.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(_e+xe,(function(e){this.time=(0,_.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(_e+we,(function(e){(0,w.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,w.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:Re,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class Ne extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,p.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,w.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,p.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(891),i.e(222)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee,agentRef:this.#o}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3333);class Pe extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Ie.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled,e.init.performance.resources.enabled];if(g.RI&&(e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(Ie.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),Ie.qN.forEach((e=>{const t=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),500,{leading:!0});(0,A.sp)(e,t)}))),e.init.performance.resources.enabled&&g.gm.PerformanceObserver?.supportedEntryTypes.includes("resource"))){new PerformanceObserver((e=>{e.getEntries().forEach((e=>{(0,w.p)("browserPerformance.resource",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}))})).observe({type:"resource",buffered:!0})}r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var je=i(993),Ce=i(3785),ke=i(9414);class He extends b{static featureName=je.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,je.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"log",{level:"info"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"error",{level:"error"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"warn",{level:"warn"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"info",{level:"info"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"debug",{level:"debug"}),(0,ke.J)(r,g.gm.console,"trace",{level:"trace"}),this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,Ce.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),g.gm?(this.features={},(0,x.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(R),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,x.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[R,S,Se,Ne,he,N,L,Pe,He],loaderType:"pro"})})()})();</script> <link rel="profile" href="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="keywords" content="" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.rndsystems.com/products/gmp-quality-policy-and-regulatory-support" /> <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en-us" /> <link href="https://www.rndsystems.com/products/gmp-quality-policy-and-regulatory-support" rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" /> <link href="https://www.rndsystems.com/products/gmp-quality-policy-and-regulatory-support" rel="alternate" hreflang="en" /> <link href="https://www.rndsystems.com/cn/products/gmp-quality-policy-and-regulatory-support" rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-cn" /> <meta name="baidu-site-verification" content="NoHNFT2tiZ" /> <title>GMP Quality Policy and Regulatory Support</title> <meta name="description" content="Learn more about the GMP Quality Policy and Regulatory Support at R&D Systems, a Bio-Techne company. We provide quality, reproducible GMP-grade products and services." /> <script id="json-ld" type="application/ld+json">[{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"WebPage","breadcrumb":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Thing","@id":"https://www.rndsystems.com/","name":"Home"}},{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Thing","@id":"https://www.rndsystems.com/products/gmp-quality-policy-and-regulatory-support","name":"GMP Quality Policy and Regulatory Support"}}]},"potentialaction":{"query":""}}]</script> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.rndsystems.com/node/1097711" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="www.rndsystems.com" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.rndsystems.com/products/gmp-quality-policy-and-regulatory-support" /> <meta property="og:title" content="GMP Quality Policy and Regulatory Support" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/Social/2019RnDSystemslogoV.png" /> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.core.min.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.theme.min.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.menu.min.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.autocomplete.min.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/modules/system/system.base.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/css/blueimp-gallery.min.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/css/datatables.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_quickorder_responsive/css/et_quickorder_responsive.css?ss1598"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/themes/base/minified/jquery.ui.tooltip.min.css?ss1598"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/colorbox_node/colorbox_node.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_bestseller_products/css/styles.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_datasheet_page_alert/css/et_datasheet_page_alert.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_internationalization/css/et_internationalization.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_product_page_promo/css/et_product_page_promo.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/css/et_recommendation_engine.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/css/owl.carousel.min.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/css/owl.theme.default.min.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_searchbar_autocomplete/css/et_searchbar_autocomplete.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_top_scroll/css/top_scroll.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/modules/field/theme/field.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/modules/node/node.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/views/css/views.css?ss1598"); </style> <style>.infobox_section{border:thin solid black;padding:10px;margin-bottom:5px;} </style> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/userInterface/ckeditor/css/ckeditor.css?ss1598"); </style> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/ctools/css/ctools.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_messages/et_messages_admin.css?ss1598"); @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_messages/skins/default/et_messages.css?ss1598"); </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.css" media="all" /> <style> @import url("https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/css/style.css?ss1598"); </style>   <script defer="defer" src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/files/google_tag/language/google_tag.en.script.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/jquery/2.1/jquery.min.js?v=2.1.4"></script> <script>jQuery.migrateMute=true;jQuery.migrateTrace=false;</script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/jquery-migrate/1/jquery-migrate.min.js?v=1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js?v=2.1.4"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js?v=2.1.4"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/jquery.once.js?v=1.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.core.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.widget.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/drupal.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_cookie.js?v=1.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.position.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/ui/jquery.ui.position-1.13.0-backport.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.menu.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.autocomplete.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_searchbar/js/searchbar_autocomplete.js?v=1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jQuery_cycle2.js?v=2.1.6"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery.blueimp-gallery.min.js?v=2.33.0"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/blueimp_et_handler.js?v=2.33.0"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_hoverintent.js?v=1.8.1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_lazyload.js?v=1.9.1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_datatables.js?v=1.9.4"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jquery_tablesorter.js?v=2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/underscore.js?v=1.6.0"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/external/jquery.cookie.js?v=67fb34f6a866c40d0570"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/jquery.form/4/jquery.form.min.js?v=4.2.1"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_quickorder_responsive/js/et_quickorder_responsive.js?v=1.0.32"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.effect.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.effect-highlight.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/replace/ui/ui/minified/jquery.ui.tooltip.min.js?v=1.10.2"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/misc/ajax.js?v=7.98"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/jquery_update/js/jquery_update.js?v=0.0.1"></script> <script src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/bootstrap/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script defer="defer" src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_onecall/js/et_onecall.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/fields/entityreference/js/entityreference.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_internationalization/js/et_internationalization.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_javafunctions/js/jQuery_et.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/js/et_recommendation_engine.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_recommendation_engine/js/owl.carousel.min.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_top_scroll/js/top_scroll.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/marketo_ma/js/marketo_ma.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/libraries/colorbox/jquery.colorbox-min.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/libraries/DOMPurify/purify.min.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/colorbox/js/colorbox.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/contrib/colorbox/js/colorbox_load.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_cookie_policy/js/et_cookie_policy.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_internationalization/js/rnd_distributors.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_search/json_viewer/js/jsonviewer.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_searchbar/js/et_searchbar.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/themes/bootstrap/js/misc/_progress.js?v=7.98"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/et_commerce/et_atc_blocks/js/et_atc_cart_summary.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/et_commerce/et_atc_blocks/js/et_atc_blocks.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_combined_seo/js/et_combined_seo.js?ss1598"></script> <script>var dataLayer = dataLayer || []; dataLayer.push({"email": ""});</script> <script>var dataLayer = dataLayer || [] dataLayer.push({"event":"userRole","userRole":"anonymous user"});</script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/modules/enterprise-tech/et_messages/et_messages.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/rnd.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/et_mobile_theme.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/rnd_menu.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/jquery.livequery.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/jquery.cluetip.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/distributors.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/et_atc_blocks.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/themes/RnD_2017/js/blueimp.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/rndsystems.com/modules/colorbox_node/colorbox_node.js?ss1598"></script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/themes/bootstrap/js/misc/ajax.js?ss1598"></script> <script>jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"RnD_2017","theme_token":"tl7zhVrj9KJivqXirszJ0UAMG_j-DrFxMITWNFwAlM4","jquery_version":"2.1","js":{"0":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/bootstrap.js":1,"public:\/\/google_tag\/language\/google_tag.en.script.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery\/2.1\/jquery.min.js":1,"1":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery-migrate\/1\/jquery-migrate.min.js":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.core.min.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.widget.min.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_cookie.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.position.min.js":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.position-1.13.0-backport.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.menu.min.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.autocomplete.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_searchbar\/js\/searchbar_autocomplete.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jQuery_cycle2.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery.blueimp-gallery.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/blueimp_et_handler.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_hoverintent.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_lazyload.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_datatables.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jquery_tablesorter.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/underscore.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/external\/jquery.cookie.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery.form\/4\/jquery.form.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_quickorder_responsive\/js\/et_quickorder_responsive.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.effect.min.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.effect-highlight.min.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/ui\/minified\/jquery.ui.tooltip.min.js":1,"misc\/ajax.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/jquery_update\/js\/jquery_update.js":1,"https:\/\/resources.rndsystems.com\/bootstrap\/bootstrap.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_onecall\/js\/et_onecall.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/fields\/entityreference\/js\/entityreference.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_internationalization\/js\/et_internationalization.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/js\/jQuery_et.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/js\/et_recommendation_engine.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/js\/owl.carousel.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_top_scroll\/js\/top_scroll.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/marketo_ma\/js\/marketo_ma.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/colorbox\/jquery.colorbox-min.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/DOMPurify\/purify.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox_load.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_cookie_policy\/js\/et_cookie_policy.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_internationalization\/js\/rnd_distributors.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_search\/json_viewer\/js\/jsonviewer.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_searchbar\/js\/et_searchbar.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/misc\/_progress.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/et_commerce\/et_atc_blocks\/js\/et_atc_cart_summary.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/et_commerce\/et_atc_blocks\/js\/et_atc_blocks.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_combined_seo\/js\/et_combined_seo.js":1,"2":1,"3":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_messages\/et_messages.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/rnd.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/et_mobile_theme.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/rnd_menu.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/jquery.livequery.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/jquery.cluetip.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/distributors.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/et_atc_blocks.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/js\/blueimp.js":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/colorbox_node\/colorbox_node.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/misc\/ajax.js":1},"css":{"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.core.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.theme.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.menu.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.autocomplete.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/css\/blueimp-gallery.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_javafunctions\/css\/datatables.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_quickorder_responsive\/css\/et_quickorder_responsive.css":1,"misc\/ui\/jquery.ui.tooltip.css":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/modules\/colorbox_node\/colorbox_node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_bestseller_products\/css\/styles.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_datasheet_page_alert\/css\/et_datasheet_page_alert.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_internationalization\/css\/et_internationalization.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_product_page_promo\/css\/et_product_page_promo.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/css\/et_recommendation_engine.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/css\/owl.carousel.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_recommendation_engine\/css\/owl.theme.default.min.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_searchbar_autocomplete\/css\/et_searchbar_autocomplete.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_top_scroll\/css\/top_scroll.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"0":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/userInterface\/ckeditor\/css\/ckeditor.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/contrib\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_messages\/et_messages_admin.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/enterprise-tech\/et_messages\/skins\/default\/et_messages.css":1,"https:\/\/resources.rndsystems.com\/bootstrap\/drupal-bootstrap.min.css":1,"https:\/\/resources.rndsystems.com\/bootstrap\/bootstrap.min.css":1,"sites\/rndsystems.com\/themes\/RnD_2017\/css\/style.css":1}},"colorbox":{"transition":"elastic","speed":"350","opacity":"0.85","slideshow":false,"slideshowAuto":true,"slideshowSpeed":"2500","slideshowStart":"start slideshow","slideshowStop":"stop slideshow","current":"{current} of {total}","previous":"\u00ab Prev","next":"Next \u00bb","close":"Close","overlayClose":true,"returnFocus":true,"maxWidth":"98%","maxHeight":"98%","initialWidth":"300","initialHeight":"250","fixed":true,"scrolling":false,"mobiledetect":true,"mobiledevicewidth":"480px","file_public_path":"\/sites\/rndsystems.com\/files","specificPagesDefaultValue":"admin*\nimagebrowser*\nimg_assist*\nimce*\nnode\/add\/*\nnode\/*\/edit\nprint\/*\nprintpdf\/*\nsystem\/ajax\nsystem\/ajax\/*"},"country_name":"United States","et_internationalization":{"social":" \u003Ctable\u003E\n \u003Ctr\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fp_social_facebook\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EFind us on Facebook\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003C\/tr\u003E\n \u003Ctr\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.twitter.com\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fp_social_twitter social\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.twitter.com\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022social_text\u0022\u003EFollow us on Twitter\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003C\/tr\u003E\n \u003Ctr\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fp_social_youtube social\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/RnDSystems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022social_text\u0022\u003EWatch us on YouTube\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003C\/tr\u003E\n \u003Ctr\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/r\u0026amp;d-systems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022fp_social_linkedin social\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/r\u0026amp;d-systems\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022social_text\u0022\u003EConnect with us on LinkedIn\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n \u003C\/tr\u003E\n \u003C\/table\u003E","distphone":"(65) 62720788"},"et_onecall":{"active":"true"},"et_searchbar":{"min_chars":"2"},"etMessages":{"position":"center","vertical":"0","horizontal":"10","fixed":1,"width":"400px","autoclose":0,"opendelay":"0.3","disable_autoclose":0,"show_countdown":1,"hover_autoclose":1,"popin":{"effect":"fadeIn","duration":"slow"},"popout":{"effect":"fadeIn","duration":"slow"}},"et_quickorder_responsive":{"enabled":false,"show_cart":"0","display_price":"0","isDistributor":false},"colorbox_node":{"width":"600px","height":"600px"},"bootstrap":{"anchorsFix":"0","anchorsSmoothScrolling":"0","formHasError":1,"popoverEnabled":1,"popoverOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"right","selector":"","trigger":"click","triggerAutoclose":1,"title":"","content":"","delay":0,"container":"body"},"tooltipEnabled":1,"tooltipOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"auto left","selector":"","trigger":"hover focus","delay":0,"container":"body"}}});</script>                <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/favicon32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/favicon16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/favicon.ico"> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="R&D Systems"> <meta name="application-name" content="R&D Systems"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#ffffff"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/favicons/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in no-sidebars page-node page-node- page-node-1097711 node-type-product-categories i18n-en">     <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="region region-page-top"> <noscript aria-hidden="true"><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5JK4G7" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> </div> <header id="header" role="banner">   <div id="bb_container"> <div id="brands_bar"> <div class="region region-brands-bar"> <section id="block-bt-brands-bar-bt-brands-bar" class="block block-bt-brands-bar clearfix"> <li class="bb_biotechne"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Bio-Techne"></a></li><li class="bb_rndsystems active"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" aria-label="R&D Systems"></a></li><li class="bb_novusbio"><a href="https://www.novusbio.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Novus Biologicals"></a></li><li class="bb_tocris"><a href="https://www.tocris.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Tocris Bioscience"></a></li><li class="bb_proteinsimple"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/brands/proteinsimple" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="ProteinSimple"></a></li><li class="bb_biospacific"><a href="https://www.biospacific.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="BiosPacific"></a></li><li class="bb_cliniqa"><a href="https://www.cliniqa.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Cliniqa"></a></li><li class="bb_acd"><a href="https://acdbio.com/ " rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="ACD"></a></li><li class="bb_rndheme"><a href="https://www.rndheme.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="R&D Heme"></a></li> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div id="hd_container"> <div id="logo_block"> <section id="block-logo-block-logo" class="block block-logo-block clearfix"> <a href="/" title="RnD Systems" class="active"></a> </section> </div> <div id="search_bar"> <div class="region region-search-bar"> <section id="block-et-searchbar-et-searchbar-bar" class="block block-et-searchbar clearfix"> <form name="et_searchbar" method="GET" action="/search" class="search_form"><div class="et_searchbar"> <input autocomplete="off" name="keywords" type="text" class="et_searchbar_wide et_searchbar_default" value="" placeholder="Search keyword, molecule name, target, catalog number, or product type" data-default="" spellcheck="false"/><input type="submit" value="" class="search_btn fp_mag_glass_wideSearch"></div></form> </section> </div> </div> <div id="cart_menu_mobile" class="atc_cart_summary_icon"></div> <div id="account_menu_mobile"></div> <div id="account_menu"> <div class="region region-account-menu"> <section id="block-et-internationalization-country-dropdown" class="block block-et-internationalization clearfix"> <div id="internationalization_country_select"> <div class="internationalization_drop"></div> </div> </section> <section id="block-et-internationalization-sign-in" class="block block-et-internationalization clearfix"> <div id="sign_in"><a href="/user/login" rel="nofollow"><noscript>Account</noscript></a></div> </section> <section id="block-et-cookie-policy-cookie-policy" class="block block-et-cookie-policy clearfix"> <div></div> </section> <section id="block-et-atc-blocks-et-atc-cart-summary" class="block block-et-atc-blocks clearfix"> <ul class="menu nav"> <li class="first last leaf active"><div class="atc_blocks_items_in_cart" style="display:none;"></div></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mm_container"> <div id="main_menu_mobile"></div> <nav id="main_menu"> <div class="region region-main-menu"> <section id="block-menu-menu-master-menu" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first expanded dropdown"><a href="/products" id="menu-master-menu-116406" data-target="#">Products <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first expanded dropdown"><span id="menu-master-menu-116611" data-target="#" class="nolink" tabindex="0">Products by Category <span class="caret"></span></span><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="third-level-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/products/proteins" id="menu-master-menu-121156">Recombinant Proteins</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/good-manufacturing-practices-gmp-grade-proteins" id="menu-master-menu-116631">GMP Proteins</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/antibodies" id="menu-master-menu-120916">Antibodies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/elisas" id="menu-master-menu-120906">ELISAs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/cometassay" id="menu-master-menu-120986">CometAssay</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/luminex-assays-and-high-performance-assays" id="menu-master-menu-121061">Luminex Assays</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/luminex-instrumentation" id="menu-master-menu-120461">Luminex Instruments</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/cell-culture" id="menu-master-menu-121146">Cell Culture</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/stem-cell-products" id="menu-master-menu-122806">Stem Cell Products</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/small-molecules-peptides" id="menu-master-menu-116706">Small Molecules & Peptides</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/enzymes" id="menu-master-menu-121116">Enzymes</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/elispot-kits-fluorospot-kits" id="menu-master-menu-116731">ELISpots</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/cdna-clones" id="menu-master-menu-116736">cDNA Clones</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/flow-cytometry-workflow-solutions" id="menu-master-menu-120941">Flow Cytometry Workflow Solutions</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/products/proteome-profiler-antibody-arrays" id="menu-master-menu-116746">Proteome Profiler Antibody Arrays</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><span id="menu-master-menu-116616" data-target="#" class="nolink" tabindex="0">Products by Research Area <span class="caret"></span></span><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="third-level-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/products/cell-therapy" id="menu-master-menu-116751">Cell Therapy</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/immunotherapy" id="menu-master-menu-116761">Immunotherapy</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/cancer" id="menu-master-menu-116771">Cancer</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/immunology" id="menu-master-menu-116781">Immunology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/neuroscience" id="menu-master-menu-116791">Neuroscience</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/cell-proliferation-viability-apoptosis" id="menu-master-menu-116821">Apoptosis and Cell Viability</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/products/activity-assays-reagents" id="menu-master-menu-116831">Biological Activity Assays</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/glycobiology" id="menu-master-menu-116836">Glycobiology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/research-area/cardiovascular-biology" id="menu-master-menu-116851">Cardiovascular Biology</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/products/ubiquitin-related-products" id="menu-master-menu-122741">Ubiquitin</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf menu-background two-column menu_products_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/products05-2017b.jpg" alt="Our Products" /></div><span class="btn nolink" tabindex="0">Our Products</span></li></ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/services" id="menu-master-menu-116401" data-target="#">Services <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/services" id="menu-master-menu-121056">All Custom Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/protein-services" id="menu-master-menu-120591">Custom Protein Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/luminex-assays-custom-development-services" id="menu-master-menu-122756">Luminex Custom Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/custom-antibody-services" id="menu-master-menu-120551">Custom Antibody Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/assay-production-custom-development-services" id="menu-master-menu-116866">Assay Custom Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/custom-services-cell-gene-therapies" id="menu-master-menu-121151">Custom Services for Cell & Gene Therapies</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/genome-engineering" id="menu-master-menu-122691">Genome Engineering Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/bioactivity-testing-services" id="menu-master-menu-116911">Bioactivity Testing Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/custom-chemistry" id="menu-master-menu-116901">Chemistry Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/bulk-quote-request" id="menu-master-menu-116916">Bulk/Custom Formulation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/services/custom-cdna-cloning" id="menu-master-menu-116926">Custom cDNA Cloning</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-background one-column menu_services_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/services12-15.jpg" alt="Expedite Your Research" /></div><h4>Expedite Your Research</h4><a href="/services" class="btn">Expedite Your Research</a></li><li class="last leaf"><a href="/services/gmp-antibody-services" id="menu-master-menu-122711">Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Antibody Services</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/pathways" id="menu-master-menu-116411" data-target="#">Pathways <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/pathways/cancer" id="menu-master-menu-116556">Cancer</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/cardiovascular-biology" id="menu-master-menu-116561">Cardiovascular Biology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/developmental-biology" id="menu-master-menu-116566">Development</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/glycobiology" id="menu-master-menu-116571">Glycobiology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/immunology" id="menu-master-menu-116576">Immunology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/neuroscience" id="menu-master-menu-116581">Neuroscience</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/proteases" id="menu-master-menu-116586">Proteases & Other Enzymes</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/signal-transduction" id="menu-master-menu-116591">Signal Transduction</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/stem-cells" id="menu-master-menu-116596">Stem Cell</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways/ubiquitin-related-modifiers-and-pathways" id="menu-master-menu-116601">Ubiquitin, Related Modifiers, & Pathways</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/pathways" id="menu-master-menu-116606">View All Pathways</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-background one-column menu_pathways_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/pathwaysXX.jpg" alt="Explore Our Interactive Pathways" /></div><h4>Award-Winning Interactive Pathways</h4><a href="/pathways" class="btn">Explore Our Interactive Pathways</a></li></ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/resources" id="menu-master-menu-116416" data-target="#">Resources <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/research-area" id="menu-master-menu-117016">Research Areas</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/protocols-troubleshooting-guides" id="menu-master-menu-117026">Protocols/Troubleshooting Guides/Videos</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/technical-information" id="menu-master-menu-117036">Technical Information</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/articles" id="menu-master-menu-117046">Articles</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/faqs" id="menu-master-menu-117056">Help & FAQs</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/literature" id="menu-master-menu-117071">Literature</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/literature-request" id="menu-master-menu-117081">Request Literature</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/calculators" id="menu-master-menu-117091">Calculators</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/posters" id="menu-master-menu-117096">Posters</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/blog" id="menu-master-menu-117106">Blog</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/promotions" id="menu-master-menu-117121">Promotions</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/grants-scholarships/bio-techne-travel-grants" id="menu-master-menu-117126">Travel Grants</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-background one-column menu_resources_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/resources-2017.jpg" alt="Request Literature" /></div><h4>Posters, Brochures, Whitepapers & Reference Guides</h4><a href="/literature-request" class="btn">Request Literature</a></li><li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/cell-markers" id="menu-master-menu-120471">Cell Markers</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/products/promotions/get-your-new-lab-and-running" id="menu-master-menu-121241">New Lab Program</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/quality" id="menu-master-menu-116421" data-target="#">R&D Systems Quality <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/quality" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116936">Quality Philosophy</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/people" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116946">People</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/place" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116956">Place</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/performance" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116966">Performance</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/product-development" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116976">Product Development</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/customer-satisfaction" title="" id="menu-master-menu-116986">Customer Satisfaction</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/rnd-systems-quality-advantage" title="" id="menu-master-menu-117001">The R&D Systems Quality Advantage</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality/documents-certifications-and-faqs" title="" id="menu-master-menu-117006">Documents, Certifications, & FAQs</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-background one-column menu_quality_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/menu-backgrounds/scientists.jpg" alt="R&D Systems Quality" /></div><h4>Experts in Reagent Quality</h4><span class="btn nolink" tabindex="0">R&D Systems Quality</span></li></ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/about-us" id="menu-master-menu-116436" data-target="#">About Us <span class="caret"></span></a><div class="menu_toggle"></div><ul class="dropdown-menu short"><li class="first leaf"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/about/careers" id="menu-master-menu-116481">Careers</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/brands" target="_blank" id="menu-master-menu-116491">Bio-Techne Brands</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://investors.bio-techne.com/" target="_blank" id="menu-master-menu-116501">Investor Relations</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-background one-column menu_about_image"><div class="menu_image_mask"><img loading="lazy" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/navigation/aboutUsXX02.jpg" alt="Join Us" /></div><h4>Our People are Our Greatest Asset</h4><a href="/about-us/career-opportunities" class="btn">Join Us</a></li></ul></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/support/contact-us" id="menu-master-menu-116471">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <div class="breadcrumbs_wrapper"> <div class="breadcrumbs_container"> <div class="breadcrumb"><a href="/">Home</a> <span class="breadcrumb_separator">/</span> GMP Quality Policy and Regulatory Support</div> </div> </div> <div class="main-container container"> <section> <a id="main-content"></a> <h1 class="page-header">GMP Quality Policy and Regulatory Support</h1> <div class="region region-content"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <article id="node-1097711" class="node node-product-categories clearfix" about="/products/gmp-quality-policy-and-regulatory-support" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <header> <span property="dc:title" content="GMP Quality Policy and Regulatory Support" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span><span property="sioc:num_replies" content="0" datatype="xsd:integer" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> </header> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><div class="organoids"> <style type="text/css">/* basic */ .btn-tertiary {margin-bottom: 10px;} .organoids img {margin:15px 0;} .padded_row {padding: 0px 0;} .cultrex_table_wrapper { display: block; height: auto; width: 100%; overflow-x: scroll; } #Gasteroids, #Enteroids, #Colonoids, #LiverOrganoids, #PancreaticOrganoids, #ProstateOrganoids, #KidneyOrganoids, #BrainOrganoids, #LungOrganoids, #InnerEar, #CancerOrganoids { display: block; background-color: #fff; padding: 15px; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid #ccc; margin-bottom: 30px;} .contact {padding:30px 15px 15px 15px;} p.white, h3.white, h2.white, h1.white {color:#fff !important;} </style> <div class="row"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="padded_row"> <div class="discovery col-xs-12"><img alt="GMP Protein Quality Policy" class="image-responsive" src="https://resources.rndsystems.com/images/site/01022019-gmp-quality-page-top-banner.jpg?t=4" /></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="discovery col-xs-12"> <p>R&D Systems provides industry-leading quality and regulatory support for GMP ancillary and raw materials, including recombinant cytokines and growth factors, used in <em>ex vivo</em> cell therapy manufacturing. Using our experienced quality and manufacturing teams, our goal is to provide cell therapy manufacturers with a consistent, safe, and continuous supply of GMP-grade raw materials. <a href="/products/good-manufacturing-practices-gmp-grade-proteins">View our portfolio of GMP proteins</a>.</p> <p><a class="btn btn-tertiary" href="#consistency" name="consistency">Consistency</a> <a class="btn btn-tertiary" href="#safety" name="safety">Safety</a> <a class="btn btn-tertiary" href="#supply-chain-continuity" name="supply-chain-continuity">Supply Chain Continuity</a> <a class="btn btn-tertiary" href="#regulatory-policies" name="regulatory-policies">Regulatory Policies</a> <a class="btn btn-tertiary" href="#animal-free" name="animal-free">Animal-Free Process</a></p> </div> <div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6"> <h2>Summary of Quality Policies</h2> <p>For details, please see the product-specific CofA</p> <ul> <li>GMP proteins are manufactured in our ISO 9001:2015, ISO 13485:2016-certified facility in Minneapolis, MN</li> <li>Follow USP Chapter <1043>, Ancillary Materials for Cell, Gene, and Tissue-Engineered Products</li> <li>Follow Ph. Eur. General Chapter 5.2.12, Raw Materials of Biological Origin for the Production of Cell-based and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products</li> <li>Dedicated Animal-free manufacturing space</li> <li>Lot-specific Certificates of Analysis</li> <li>Raw material traceability</li> <li>35 years of protein manufacturing experience</li> <li>Regular audits of our facilities</li> </ul> <div style="clear:both;"> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6" style="background-color:#005f9e;"> <div class="contact"> <h3 class="white">Request a GMP Quality Consultation</h3> <p class="white">Discuss GMP quality and manufacturing or set up a facility audit</p> <div id="contact" style="margin:0 0 0;"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12"> <h2 class="white"><a class="btn btn-senary" href="mailto:techsupport@bio-techne.com?subject=GMP Proteins" id="email">techsupport@bio-techne.com</a></h2> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12"> <h2 class="white">1-800-343-7475</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="padded_row"> <div class="discovery col-xs-12" id="consistency"> <h2>Consistency</h2> <p>Patient safety is of utmost importance. R&D Systems<sup>庐</sup> GMP proteins undergo a battery of physical tests as well as assessments for adventitious agents and contaminants. We use preferred vendors for raw materials to mitigate risk and adhere to a strict definition of animal-free. Certificates of Origin (COOs) are available upon request.</p> <p>Consistency Supported by Documentation and Traceability:</p> <ul> <li>Individual specification sheets with all testing results are reviewed by both our Quality Control (QC) and Quality Assurance (QA) departments</li> <li>A full QA review of all batch and bottling records before any material is shipped</li> <li>Documented processes and QA control of documentation and process changes</li> <li>Personnel training programs</li> <li>Raw material testing, tracing, and vendor qualification/monitoring</li> <li>Fully validated equipment, processes, and test methods</li> <li>Equipment calibration schedules using a computerized calibration program</li> <li>Facility maintenance and safety programs</li> <li>Material review board for variances</li> <li>Monitoring of stability over product shelf life</li> <li>Product change notifications</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="padded_row"> <div class="discovery col-xs-12" id="safety"> <h2>Safety</h2> <p>To ensure a consistent product, extraordinary attention to detail is needed at all levels of the protein manufacturing process. The quality management systems for GMP proteins at R&D Systems include detailed Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and quality-controlled documentation of the manufacturing equipment and procedures. These industry-leading systems, including the bulleted items below, are why our GMP proteins can be relied on for cell therapy manufacturing.</p> <p>Quality Control Testing Includes:</p> <ul> <li>Biological potency specification</li> <li>Defined Purity Specifications</li> <li>Stability testing program</li> <li>Defined endotoxin specifications</li> <li>Host cell content testing</li> <li>Sterility testing according to USP</li> <li>Viral testing of eukaryotic cell banks and viral reduction studies - <a href="/support/contact-us">Contact us</a> for details</li> <li>More testing available depending on your needs</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6" id="supply-chain-continuity"> <h2>Supply Chain Continuity</h2> <p>We understand the critical nature of having a stable supply of GMP-grade proteins for use as raw materials in <em>ex vivo</em> cell manufacturing. This becomes progressively more important during the transition from early- to late-stage clinical trials.</p> <p>We have the expertise and ability to scale up your GMP protein supply. Working with your forecasting, we will provide supply and quality agreements to ensure the consistent supply of the GMP proteins you require.</p> <p>Our Stable Supply Process Includes:</p> <ul> <li>Supply and quality agreements</li> <li>Risk mitigation management</li> <li>Secondary cell banking facility</li> <li>Quality-controlled change and notification process</li> </ul> <div style="clear:both;"> </div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6" style="background-color:#00b4d0;"> <div class="contact"> <h3 class="white">Need Supply Chain Continuity?</h3> <p class="white">Contact us</p> <div id="contact" style="margin:0 0 0;"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12"> <h2 class="white"><a class="btn btn-senary" href="mailto:techsupport@bio-techne.com?subject=GMP Proteins" id="email">techsupport@bio-techne.com</a></h2> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12"> <h2 class="white">1-800-343-7475</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="padded_row"> <div class="discovery col-xs-12" id="regulatory-policies"> <h2>Regulatory Certifications and Guidelines</h2> <p>As a pioneer in cell and gene therapy solutions, our quality management system stays up-to-date on guidance within this exciting and rapidly evolving field, to provide the safest and most compliant GMP proteins and cytokines for <em>ex vivo</em> manufacturing. Please see the COA for product-specific testing and guidelines.</p> <ul> <li>ISO 9001:2015, ISO 13485:2016-certified manufacturing facility in Minneapolis, MN</li> <li>USP Chapter <1043>, Ancillary Materials for Cell, Gene, and Tissue-Engineered Products</li> <li>USP Chapter <92>, Growth Factors and Cytokines Used in Cell Therapy Manufacturing</li> <li>Ph. Eur. General Chapter 5.2.12, Raw Materials of Biological Origin for the Production of Cell-based and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="padded_row"> <div class="discovery col-xs-12" id="animal-free"> <h2>Animal-free Manufacturing</h2> <p>To support developing research and bioproduction demands, we have quality-controlled manufacturing space dedicated to the production and purification of recombinant proteins under completely animal-free conditions.</p> <p>For more detailed information, please visit our <a href="/products/animal-free-recombinant-proteins">Animal-free Recombinant Proteins page</a></p> <h3>Animal-free</h3> <p>Production and purification procedures use equipment and media that are certified animal-free. Our dedicated controlled-access animal-free laboratories ensure that at no point in production are these products exposed to potential contamination by animal components or byproducts. Some GMP proteins are manufactured under an animal-free process.</p> <p><a href="/products/animal-free-statement">Read more about our Animal-free Process and Quality Control</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div> </article> </section> <section id="block-block-26" class="block block-block clearfix">  <div class="embeddedServiceInvitation" id="snapins_invite" aria-live="assertive" role="dialog" aria-atomic="true" style="display: none;"> <div class="embeddedServiceInvitationHeader" aria-labelledby="snapins_titletext" aria-describedby="snapins_bodytext" style="height: 48px;"> <img id="embeddedServiceAvatar" /> <span class="embeddedServiceTitleText" id="snapins_titletext">Need help?</span> <button type="button" id="closeInvite" class="embeddedServiceCloseIcon" aria-label="Exit invitation">×</button> </div> <div class="embeddedServiceInvitationBody"> <p id="snapins_bodytext">How can we help you?</p> </div> <div class="embeddedServiceInvitationFooter" aria-describedby="snapins_bodytext"> <button type="button" class="embeddedServiceActionButton" id="rejectInvite">Close</button> <button type="button" class="embeddedServiceActionButton" id="acceptInvite">Start Chat</button> </div> </div> </section> <section id="block-et-messages-et-messages-block" class="block block-et-messages clearfix"> <span></span> </section> </div> </section> </div> <footer id="footer_wrapper" class="container-fluid"> <div id="footer_wrapper_container" class="row"> <div id="footer" class="container"> <div id="footer_container" class="row"> <nav class="footer_column footer_column_1 col-xs-12 col-sm-3"> <div class="region region-footer-column-1"> <section id="block-menu-menu-footer-popular-searches" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Popular Products</h2> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/search?category=Proteins%20and%20Enzymes" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28211">Bioactive Proteins</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/search?category=Luminex%20Assays" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28216">Luminex Assays</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/search?category=ELISAs" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28221">ELISA Kits</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/search?category=Small%20Molecules" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28226">Small Molecules</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/search?category=Primary%20Antibodies" title="" id="menu-footer-popular-searches-28231">Primary Antibodies</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </nav> <nav class="footer_column footer_column_2 col-xs-12 col-sm-3"> <div class="region region-footer-column-2"> <section id="block-menu-menu-footer-company-information" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Company Information</h2> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/about-us" title="" id="menu-footer-company-information-63901">About Us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/about/careers" id="menu-footer-company-information-63911">Careers</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/quality" title="" id="menu-footer-company-information-63916">R&D Systems Quality</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/brands" id="menu-footer-company-information-24546">Bio-Techne Brands</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </nav> <nav class="footer_column footer_column_3 col-xs-12 col-sm-3"> <div class="region region-footer-column-3"> <section id="block-menu-menu-footer-support" class="block block-menu clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Support</h2> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/support/contact-us" title="" id="menu-footer-support-32351">Contact Us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/customer-service-ordering-info" id="menu-footer-support-63931">Ordering R&D Systems Products</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/distributors" title="" id="menu-footer-support-32366">Distributors</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/protocols-troubleshooting-guides" title="" id="menu-footer-support-32371">Protocols</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/resources/faqs" title="" id="menu-footer-support-24551">FAQs</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </nav> <div class="footer_column footer_column_4 col-xs-12 col-sm-3"> <div class="region region-footer-column-4"> <section id="block-block-16" class="block block-block clearfix"> <h2 class="block-title">Stay Connected</h2> <p>Get the latest news, product updates, and promotions:</p> <p><a href="/subscribe" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary" title="Subscribe" target="_blank">Subscribe</a></p> <p>Follow R&D Systems:</p> <p> <a class="social_link" href="https://www.facebook.com/RnDSystems" target="_blank" title="R&D Systems on Facebook"><span class="icon-facebook-square"></span></a> <a class="social_link" href="https://x.com/RnDSystems" target="_blank" title="R&D Systems on Twitter"><span class="icon-twitter-square"></span></a> <a class="social_link" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/RnDSystems" target="_blank" title="R&D Systems on YouTube"><span class="icon-youtube-square"></span></a> <a class="social_link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/r&d-systems" target="_blank" title="R&D Systems on Linkedin"><span class="icon-linkedin-square"></span></a> </p> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div id="copyright_wrapper" class="container-fluid"> <div id="copyright_wrapper_container" class="row"> <div id="copyright" class="container"> <div id="copyright_container" class="row"> <div id="copyright_content" class="col-xs-12"> <p> <div class="region region-copyright"> <section id="block-block-21" class="block block-block clearfix"> <div class="copy_left"> <a href="/legal-information" title="Legal Information">Legal</a> | <a href="/legal-information#Terms" title="Terms & Conditions">Terms & Conditions</a> | <a href="/legal-information#privacy" title="Privacy and Cookie Policy">Privacy and Cookie Policy</a> | <a href="/sitemap" title="Sitemap">Sitemap</a> </div> <div class="copy_right">© Copyright 2025 R&D Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.</div> </section> </div> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script>var _hmt = _hmt || []; (function() { var hm = document.createElement("script"); hm.async = true; hm.defer = true; hm.src = "//hm.baidu.com/hm.js?9d5a20d7ef7a7e9d0ba4232fd45e5d3f"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s); })();</script> <script src="https://www.rndsystems.com/sites/all/themes/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js?ss1598"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"76fb58fb05","applicationID":"788348530,30870807","transactionName":"YFdbZBFZXxdWAhAMVlkdeFMXUV4KGA8LAVxoQlhXBmdHDVIW","queueTime":34,"applicationTime":384,"atts":"TBBYEllDTBk=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>