CINXE.COM

Cardiovascular Biology Research Areas: R&D Systems

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Arterial vessels are surrounded by a vascular smooth muscle layer which provides physical support to withstand pulsatile blood flow from the heart and also serves to regulate blood pressure through contraction and relaxation. Veins and lymphatic vessels contain valves to endure directional fluid flow. The elastic lamina and adventitia layers provide additional support to blood and lymphatic vessels.</P> <P>The cardiovascular system is a critical transporter of materials throughout the body. Endocrine glands secrete peptide and small molecule hormones into the circulation to regulate processes in distant tissues of the body. Immune cells circulate in the blood and extravasate through the vascular endotheium to carry out immune reactions at inflammatory sites. 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