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<span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultivation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultivation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Cultivation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultivation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_and_habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_and_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Distribution and habitat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_and_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genetic_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genetic_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Genetic studies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genetic_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chemistry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chemistry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Chemistry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chemistry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Common_names" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Common_names"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Common names</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Common_names-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Mirabilis jalapa</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 56 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="شب الليل الجلبي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شب الليل الجلبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="গধূলিগোপাল – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="গধূলিগোপাল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirabilis_jalapa" title="Mirabilis jalapa – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mirabilis jalapa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kederat" title="Kederat – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kederat" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80" title="সন্ধ্যামালতী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সন্ধ্যামালতী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Нощна красавица – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нощна красавица" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flor_de_nit_(planta)" title="Flor de nit (planta) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Flor de nit (planta)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirabilis_jalapa" title="Mirabilis jalapa – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mirabilis jalapa" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocenka_zahradn%C3%AD" title="Nocenka zahradní – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nocenka zahradní" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wunderblume" title="Wunderblume – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wunderblume" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%85%CF%87%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B4%CE%BF" title="Νυχτολούλουδο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νυχτολούλουδο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirabilis_jalapa" title="Mirabilis jalapa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mirabilis jalapa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gau-lore" title="Gau-lore – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gau-lore" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="لاله عباسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لاله عباسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirabilis_jalapa" title="Mirabilis jalapa – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mirabilis jalapa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirabilis_jalapa" title="Mirabilis jalapa – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mirabilis jalapa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EA%BD%83" title="분꽃 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="분꽃" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B7%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Գիշերածին – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիշերածին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="गुल अब्बास – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गुल अब्बास" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%A1%C4%9Bdna_d%C5%BAiwni%C4%8Dka" title="Wšědna dźiwnička – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wšědna dźiwnička" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunga_pukul_empat" title="Bunga pukul empat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bunga pukul empat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirabilis_jalapa" title="Mirabilis jalapa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mirabilis jalapa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kembang_mekar_sor%C3%A9" title="Kembang mekar soré – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kembang mekar soré" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%86_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%86" title="ಸಂಜೆ ಮಲ್ಲಿಗೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಂಜೆ ಮಲ್ಲಿಗೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="გულისაბა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გულისაბა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A8b_katre" title="Zèb katre – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Zèb katre" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagy_csodat%C3%B6lcs%C3%A9r" title="Nagy csodatölcsér – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nagy csodatölcsér" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nujjh%C3%A2" title="Nujjhâ – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Nujjhâ" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF" title="നാലുമണിച്ചെടി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നാലുമണിച്ചെടി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%80" title="गुलबक्षी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गुलबक्षी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84" title="شب الليل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شب الليل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunga_pukul_empat" title="Bunga pukul empat – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bunga pukul empat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungo_pukua_ampek" title="Bungo pukua ampek – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bungo pukua ampek" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%89%E1%80%B9%E1%80%87%E1%80%B0%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="မဉ္ဇူပန်းပင် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မဉ္ဇူပန်းပင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="ल्वाङकसानी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ल्वाङकसानी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A4%E3%83%90%E3%83%8A" title="オシロイバナ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オシロイバナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%81%D9%86%D9%BE" title="شام دی سہنپ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شام دی سہنپ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dziwaczek_jalapa" title="Dziwaczek jalapa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dziwaczek jalapa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maravilha_(planta)" title="Maravilha (planta) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Maravilha (planta)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nopti%C8%9B%C4%83_(Mirabilis_jalapa)" title="Noptiță (Mirabilis jalapa) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Noptiță (Mirabilis jalapa)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Ночная красавица – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ночная красавица" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="හෙන්දිරික්කා මල් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හෙන්දිරික්කා මල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%9B%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Перуански ноћурак – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Перуански ноћурак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6kinihmekukka" title="Mökinihmekukka – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mökinihmekukka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underblomma" title="Underblomma – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99" title="บานเย็น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บานเย็น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D1%81%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Гули шому саҳар – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гули шому саҳар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ak%C5%9Famsefas%C4%B1" title="Akşamsefası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akşamsefası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirabilis_jalapa" title="Mirabilis jalapa – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Mirabilis jalapa" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%84_%D8%B3%DB%81_%D9%BE%DB%81%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="گل سہ پہری – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گل سہ پہری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoa_ph%E1%BA%A5n" title="Hoa phấn – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hoa 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</div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of flower</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Mirabilis jalapa</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gul-Abas-4-O%27clock_plant.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gul-Abas-4-O%27clock_plant.JPG/220px-Gul-Abas-4-O%27clock_plant.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gul-Abas-4-O%27clock_plant.JPG/330px-Gul-Abas-4-O%27clock_plant.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Gul-Abas-4-O%27clock_plant.JPG/440px-Gul-Abas-4-O%27clock_plant.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1229" data-file-height="922" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Mirabilis" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caryophyllales" title="Caryophyllales">Caryophyllales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nyctaginaceae" title="Nyctaginaceae">Nyctaginaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mirabilis_(plant)" title="Mirabilis (plant)"><i>Mirabilis</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>M. jalapa</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Mirabilis jalapa</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Mirabilis jalapa</b></i>, the <b>marvel of Peru</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <b>four o'clock flower</b>, is the most commonly grown ornamental species of <i>Mirabilis</i> <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plant</a>, and is available in a range of colors. <i>Mirabilis</i> in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> means wonderful and <a href="/wiki/Xalapa" title="Xalapa">Jalapa (or Xalapa)</a> is the state capital of <a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>. <i>Mirabilis jalapa</i> is believed to have been cultivated by the Aztecs for medicinal and ornamental purposes. </p><p>The flowers usually open from late afternoon or at dusk (namely between 4 and 8 o'clock), giving rise to one of its common names. The flowers then produce a strong, sweet fragrance throughout the night, then close in the morning. New flowers open the following day. It arrived in Europe in 1525. Today, it is common in many tropical regions and is also valued in Europe as a (not hardy) <a href="/wiki/Ornamental_plant" title="Ornamental plant">ornamental plant</a>. It is the children's state flower of Connecticut under the name of Michaela Petit's Four O'Clocks.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name of <i>Mirabilis jalapa</i> given by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Von Linné</a> in 1753 is formed from the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_Latin" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific Latin">scientific Latin</a> Mirabilis meaning "admirable" by allusion to the remarkable colors of its flowers and the specific name <a href="/wiki/Jalapa" class="mw-redirect" title="Jalapa">jalapa</a> that would refer to its origin in the Jalapa in <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>. But the epithet of jalapa could also refer to the city of <a href="/wiki/Xalapa" title="Xalapa">Xalapa</a> (Jalapa) in <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> from which came a former purgative drug, named <a href="/wiki/Jalap" title="Jalap">jalap</a>, taken from the tubers of the <a href="/wiki/Tuberous" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuberous">tuberous</a> jalap.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Linnaeus refers to all species of Jalapa described by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pitton_de_Tournefort" title="Joseph Pitton de Tournefort">Joseph Pitton de Tournefort</a> who in 1694 wrote: </p><blockquote><p>"The Jalap, or Belle de Nuit is a kind of plant whose flower is a funnel-shaped flared pipe with a crenellated pavilion ... Father Plumier assured me that the Jalap, which is brought to us with the root of America, was a true species of Belle de nuit. We have also received the seed, which has produced in the Jardin Royal de Paris a plant quite like the common Belle de nuit; but this seed is more wrinkled, and the leaves of the plant are less smooth."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG/220px-Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG/330px-Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG/440px-Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1229" data-file-height="922" /></a><figcaption>Fruit, seed, and bud</figcaption></figure> <p>It is a <a href="/wiki/Perennial" title="Perennial">perennial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbaceous" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbaceous">herbaceous</a>, bushy plant that reaches stature heights of mostly 1 meter, rarely up to 2 meters, in height. It may also be grown as an <a href="/wiki/Annual_plant" title="Annual plant">annual</a>, especially in the <a href="/wiki/Temperate_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperate zone">temperate zone</a>. The single-seeded fruits are spherical, wrinkled and black upon maturity, having started out greenish-yellow. The stems are thick, full, quadrangular with many ramifications and rooting at the nodes. The posture is often <a href="/wiki/Prostrate_shrub" title="Prostrate shrub">prostrate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A curious aspect of <i>M. jalapa</i> is that flowers with different colors grow simultaneously on the same plant. Additionally, an individual flower can be splashed with different colors. Flower patterns are referred to as sectors (whole sections of flower), flakes (stripes of varying length), and spots. A single flower can be plain yellow, red, magenta, pink, or white, or have a combination of sectors, flakes, and spots.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, different combinations of flowers and patterns can occur on different flowers of the same plant.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Usually, the flowers are yellow, pink and white, but a different combination of flowers growing on the same single four o’clock <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plant</a> can be found. Another interesting point is a color-changing phenomenon. For example, in the yellow variety, as the plant matures, it can display flowers that gradually change to a dark pink colour. Similarly, white flowers can change to light violet. Despite their appearance, the flowers are not formed from <a href="/wiki/Petal" title="Petal">petals</a> – rather they are a pigmented modification of the <a href="/wiki/Sepal" title="Sepal">calyx</a>. Similarly, the 'calyx' is an involucre of <a href="/wiki/Bract" title="Bract">bracts</a>. The flowers are funnel-shaped and pentalobed, they have no cup (replaced by bracteal leaves) but are made of a <a href="/wiki/Corolla_(botany)" class="mw-redirect" title="Corolla (botany)">corolla</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Inflorescence" title="Inflorescence">inflorescences</a> contain three to seven unpopped flowers. Earning the name "four o'clock flower", the fragrant flowers open in the late afternoon or early evening, and also in <a href="/wiki/Overcast" title="Overcast">overcast</a> weather, and exhale a scent reminiscent of the <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a> flower, and attract moths for <a href="/wiki/Pollination" title="Pollination">pollination</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Anthesis" title="Anthesis">anthesis</a> lasts from 16 to 20 hours and thus remains visible part of the day. The flowers are pollinated by long-tongued moths of the family <a href="/wiki/Sphingidae" title="Sphingidae">Sphingidae</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Sphinx_moths" class="mw-redirect" title="Sphinx moths">sphinx moths</a> or hawk moths and other nocturnal pollinators attracted by the fragrance.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultivation">Cultivation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cultivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">plant</a> does best in full <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">sun</a>. Often in the sun the leaves wither, then return vigorously in the evening, when temperatures start to fall and the sun sets. It cannot stand the cold as the aerial part, with the first frosts, deteriorates and can die, but the underground part that can return to vegetate in spring remains vital. The plant will self-seed, often spreading rapidly if left unchecked in a garden. Some gardeners recommend that the seeds should be soaked before planting, but this is not totally necessary. In <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, the plant perennializes in warm, coastal environments, particularly in <a href="/wiki/USDA_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="USDA zone">USDA zones</a> 7–10. The plant is easy to grow, as long as it is sunny or partially shaded. Under these conditions, it grows very quickly. </p><p>It grows preferably in light soil, rich in <a href="/wiki/Humus" title="Humus">humus</a> and well draining, it is neutral side <a href="/wiki/Acidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Acidity">acidity</a> (pH). Pot cultivation is always possible with a mixture of 80% soil and 20% <a href="/wiki/Compost" title="Compost">garden soil</a> and a very deep container with the tubers being put at a depth of 10 cm. It is usually sown from mid-February to May. The seeds <a href="/wiki/Germinate" class="mw-redirect" title="Germinate">germinate</a> rapidly at a temperature of 18 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_habitat">Distribution and habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Distribution and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Mirabilis jalapa</i> is native to the dry tropical regions of North, Central and <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>. This plant has been introduced for ornamental purposes and has become naturalized throughout tropical, <a href="/wiki/Subtropical" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical">subtropical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Temperate" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperate">temperate</a> regions of the world. It is currently present in many countries in Asia, Africa, United States, Middle East and Europe. In <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a>, <i>Mirabilis jalapa</i> was initially an ornamental species; however it became naturalized on the west coast, between 400 and 700 m altitude, and on the south coast between 0 and 700 m. </p><p>It occurs in a <a href="/wiki/Ruderal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruderal">ruderal</a> debris area, and is relatively common in <a href="/wiki/Weed" title="Weed">weedy</a> sugarcane fields on the west and south coasts. Its high seed production and rapid growth allow it to cover up to 30% to 50% in cane plots. In cooler subtropical and temperate <a href="/wiki/Region" title="Region">regions</a>, it will die back with the first frosts or as the weather starts to cool down (especially after it fully matures and finished self-seeding), regrowing in the following spring from the tuberous roots. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Genetic_studies">Genetic studies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Genetic studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Around 1900, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Correns" title="Carl Correns">Carl Correns</a> used <i>Mirabilis</i> as a <a href="/wiki/Model_organism" title="Model organism">model organism</a> for his studies on <a href="/wiki/Extranuclear_inheritance" title="Extranuclear inheritance">cytoplasmic inheritance</a>. He used the plant's variegated leaves to prove that certain factors outside the nucleus affected phenotype in a way not explained by <a href="/wiki/Gregor_Mendel" title="Gregor Mendel">Mendel's</a> theories.<sup id="cite_ref-Miko_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miko-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Correns proposed that leaf colour in <i>Mirabilis</i> was passed on via a uni-parental mode of inheritance.<sup id="cite_ref-Miko_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miko-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Intermediate_inheritance_-_incomplete_dominance.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Intermediate_inheritance_-_incomplete_dominance.png/220px-Intermediate_inheritance_-_incomplete_dominance.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Intermediate_inheritance_-_incomplete_dominance.png/330px-Intermediate_inheritance_-_incomplete_dominance.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Intermediate_inheritance_-_incomplete_dominance.png/440px-Intermediate_inheritance_-_incomplete_dominance.png 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="886" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Also when plants with dark-pink flowers are crossed with white-flowered plants, light-pink-flowered offspring are produced. This is seen as an exception to Mendel's Law of Dominance because in this case, the dark-pink and white genes seem to be of equal strength, so neither completely dominates the other. The phenomenon is known as <a href="/wiki/Incomplete_dominance" class="mw-redirect" title="Incomplete dominance">incomplete dominance</a>. However the <a href="/wiki/Mendelian_inheritance#Mendel's_laws" title="Mendelian inheritance">Mendelian principle</a> of uniformity in the F<sub>1</sub>-generation and the principle of segregation in the F<sub>2</sub>-generation of genes do apply, which confirms the importance of Mendel's discoveries.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chemistry">Chemistry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Chemistry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eight <a href="/wiki/Betaxanthin" class="mw-redirect" title="Betaxanthin">betaxanthins</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indicaxanthin" title="Indicaxanthin">indicaxanthin</a>, vulgaxanthin-I, miraxanthin-I, II, III, IV, V and VI) can be isolated from <i>M. jalapa</i> flowers.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rotenoid" title="Rotenoid">Rotenoids</a> (mirabijalone A, B, C and D, 9-O-<a href="/wiki/Methyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Methyl">methyl</a>-4-hydroxyboeravinone B, boeravinone C and boeravinone F, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-methylisoquinoline-7,8-diol) can be isolated from the roots.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A fatty acid (8-hydroxyoctadeca-cis-11,14-dienoic acid) is found as a minor component in the seed oil.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Analysis of the <a href="/wiki/Methanol" title="Methanol">methanolic</a> extract of the aerial parts yields β-<a href="/wiki/Sitosterol" class="mw-redirect" title="Sitosterol">sitosterol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stigmasterol" title="Stigmasterol">stigmasterol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ursolic_acid" title="Ursolic acid">ursolic acid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oleanolic_acid" title="Oleanolic acid">oleanolic acid</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brassicasterol" title="Brassicasterol">brassicasterol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bioassay-guided fractionation of an organic extract of the cell mass from a manipulated plant cell culture of <i>M. jalapa</i> led to the isolation and subsequent identification of an isoflavone, a roteinoid and a dehydrorotenoid. Two of these compounds are responsible for the antimicrobial activity against <i><a href="/wiki/Candida_albicans" title="Candida albicans">Candida albicans</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extract of <i>M. jalapa</i> also led to the isolation of an active polyphenolic amide: N-trans-feruloyl 4′-O-methyldopamine. This compound shows moderate activity as an efflux pump inhibitor against multidrug-resistant <i><a href="/wiki/Staphylococcus_aureus" title="Staphylococcus aureus">Staphylococcus aureus</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The flowers are used in <a href="/wiki/Food_colouring" class="mw-redirect" title="Food colouring">food colouring</a>. The leaves may be eaten cooked as well, but only as an emergency food.<sup id="cite_ref-pfaf_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pfaf-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>An edible crimson <a href="/wiki/Dye" title="Dye">dye</a> is obtained from the flowers to color cakes and jellies.<sup id="cite_ref-pfaf_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pfaf-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In herbal medicine, parts of the plant may be used as a diuretic, purgative, and for <a href="/wiki/Vulnerary" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulnerary">vulnerary</a> (wound healing) purposes. The root is believed to be an aphrodisiac as well as having diuretic and purgative properties. It is also used in the treatment of <a href="/wiki/Dropsy" class="mw-redirect" title="Dropsy">dropsy</a>.</li> <li>The leaves are used to reduce inflammation. A <a href="/wiki/Decoction" title="Decoction">decoction</a> of them (by mashing and boiling) is used to treat abscesses. Leaf juice may be used to treat wounds. The bulbous roots of the flower have a <a href="/wiki/Laxative" title="Laxative">laxative</a> effect.</li> <li>Powdered, the seed of some varieties is used as a cosmetic and a dye.<sup id="cite_ref-pfaf_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pfaf-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The seeds are considered poisonous.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The plant has a potential for the <a href="/wiki/Bioremediation" title="Bioremediation">bioremediation</a> of soils polluted with moderate concentrations of heavy metals such as <a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">cadmium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In Brazil, the Indian <a href="/wiki/Kayapo" title="Kayapo">Kayapo</a> sniff the powder of dried flowers to cure <a href="/wiki/Headache" title="Headache">headaches</a> and use the root decoction to wash wounds and treat skin conditions such as <a href="/wiki/Leprosy" title="Leprosy">leprosy</a>. In Peru, juice extracted from flowers is used for <a href="/wiki/Herpes" title="Herpes">herpes</a> lesions and earache. The juice extracted from the root is also used to treat earache, as well as <a href="/wiki/Diarrhea" title="Diarrhea">diarrhea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dysentery" title="Dysentery">dysentery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">syphilis</a> and liver infections. In Mexico, decoctions of the whole plant are used for dysentery, infected wounds, and bee and scorpion stings.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Flower extract can be used as a natural <a href="/wiki/PH_indicator" title="PH indicator">pH indicator</a> in <a href="/wiki/Acid%E2%80%93base_titration" title="Acid–base titration">acid–base titration</a>. This was found and demonstrated to be both economical and accurate by Shishir et al. 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-Lim-2014_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lim-2014-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Some studies suggest that <i>M. jalapa</i> is an ancient <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduction</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Himalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Himalaya">Himalayan</a> region.<sup id="cite_ref-Singh-2016_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singh-2016-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Fruit of Mirabilis jalapa"><img alt="Fruit of Mirabilis jalapa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG/120px-Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG/180px-Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG/240px-Seed_of_mirabilis_jalapa.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1229" data-file-height="922" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fruit of <i>Mirabilis jalapa</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:4_o%27clock_blooms.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A four o'clock plant in full bloom."><img alt="A four o'clock plant in full bloom." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/4_o%27clock_blooms.jpg/120px-4_o%27clock_blooms.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/4_o%27clock_blooms.jpg/180px-4_o%27clock_blooms.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/4_o%27clock_blooms.jpg/240px-4_o%27clock_blooms.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A four o'clock plant in full bloom.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mirabilis-jalapa-In-Different-Colors.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Different color variation in the flower and different color flowers in the same plant."><img alt="Different color variation in the flower and different color flowers in the same plant." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mirabilis-jalapa-In-Different-Colors.jpg/120px-Mirabilis-jalapa-In-Different-Colors.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mirabilis-jalapa-In-Different-Colors.jpg/180px-Mirabilis-jalapa-In-Different-Colors.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mirabilis-jalapa-In-Different-Colors.jpg/240px-Mirabilis-jalapa-In-Different-Colors.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Different color variation in the flower and different color flowers in the same plant.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:4_o%27clock_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Variegated flower on a four o'clock plant."><img alt="Variegated flower on a four o'clock plant." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/4_o%27clock_1.jpg/120px-4_o%27clock_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/4_o%27clock_1.jpg/180px-4_o%27clock_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/4_o%27clock_1.jpg/240px-4_o%27clock_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Variegated flower on a four o'clock plant.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:4_o%27clock_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Naturally occurring color variation on four o'clock flowers."><img alt="Naturally occurring color variation on four o'clock flowers." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/4_o%27clock_2.jpg/120px-4_o%27clock_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/4_o%27clock_2.jpg/180px-4_o%27clock_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/4_o%27clock_2.jpg/240px-4_o%27clock_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Naturally occurring color variation on four o'clock flowers.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Belle_de_Nuit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flowers in various colours"><img alt="Flowers in various colours" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Belle_de_Nuit.jpg/120px-Belle_de_Nuit.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Belle_de_Nuit.jpg/180px-Belle_de_Nuit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Belle_de_Nuit.jpg/240px-Belle_de_Nuit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4505" data-file-height="1930" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flowers in various colours </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mirabilis_jalapa_678.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Garden"><img alt="Garden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mirabilis_jalapa_678.JPG/120px-Mirabilis_jalapa_678.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mirabilis_jalapa_678.JPG/180px-Mirabilis_jalapa_678.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Mirabilis_jalapa_678.JPG/240px-Mirabilis_jalapa_678.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Garden</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mirabilis_jalpa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mirabilis jalapa"><img alt="Mirabilis jalapa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mirabilis_jalpa.jpg/90px-Mirabilis_jalpa.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mirabilis_jalpa.jpg/135px-Mirabilis_jalpa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mirabilis_jalpa.jpg/180px-Mirabilis_jalpa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mirabilis jalapa </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mirabilis_jalapa_(Nyctaginaceae)_-_pink_and_white.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pink and white"><img alt="Pink and white" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_pink_and_white.jpg/90px-Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_pink_and_white.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_pink_and_white.jpg/135px-Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_pink_and_white.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_pink_and_white.jpg/180px-Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_pink_and_white.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3259" data-file-height="4345" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pink and white</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mirabilis_jalapa_(Nyctaginaceae)_-_stamens_and_pistil.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stamens"><img alt="Stamens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_stamens_and_pistil.jpg/120px-Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_stamens_and_pistil.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_stamens_and_pistil.jpg/180px-Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_stamens_and_pistil.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_stamens_and_pistil.jpg/240px-Mirabilis_jalapa_%28Nyctaginaceae%29_-_stamens_and_pistil.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3488" data-file-height="3488" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stamens</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MIRABILIS_JALAPAweb.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mirabilis jalapa cultivar"><img alt="Mirabilis jalapa cultivar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/MIRABILIS_JALAPAweb.jpg/120px-MIRABILIS_JALAPAweb.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/MIRABILIS_JALAPAweb.jpg/180px-MIRABILIS_JALAPAweb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/MIRABILIS_JALAPAweb.jpg/240px-MIRABILIS_JALAPAweb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2468" data-file-height="2338" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mirabilis jalapa cultivar</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Common_names">Common names</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Common names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> it is called "Nychtolouloudo" (Νυχτολούλουδο) meaning “night flower” and "Deilina" (Δειλινά) meaning “sunsets”.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a> it is called "asurumaa"، meaning flower blooming at "Asr" - the third daily and obligatory prayer of Muslims performed between 3:00 to 4:00pm in Maldives, thus supporting the claim of 4 o'clock flower.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> it is called <i>sandhyamalati</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a>: <span lang="bn">সন্ধ্যামালতী</span>), meaning "evening <a href="/wiki/Flower" title="Flower">flower</a>".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> it is called <i>gul adnan</i> (<a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: <span lang="ur" dir="rtl">گل عدنان</span>) or <i>gul-e-abbas</i> (<a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: <span lang="ur" dir="rtl">گل عباس</span>).</li> <li>In West Bengal it is called sandhyamoni (Bengali: সন্ধ্যামণি), meaning "evening gem ".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> it is called <i>hendirikka</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sinhala_language" title="Sinhala language">Sinhala</a>: <span lang="si">හෙන්දිරික්කා</span>).</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a> it is called <i>sanje mallige</i> (<a href="/wiki/Kannada_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kannada language">Kannada</a>: <span lang="kn">ಸಂಜೆ ಮಲ್ಲಿಗೆ</span>).</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a> it is called <i>andhi mandhaarai</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>: <span lang="ta">அந்தி மந்தாரை</span>).</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> it is called <i>bānyĕn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Thai_language" title="Thai language">Thai</a>: <span lang="th">บานเย็น</span>), meaning "evening blossom".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a> it is called "chandrakantha"(<a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a>: <span lang="te">చంద్రకాంత</span>), meaning "moon light". Signifying it's bloom with moon rise.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> it is called <i>noshtna krasavica</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>: <span lang="bg">нощна красавица</span>), which means "night beauty", "night belle".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> it is called <i>Wunderblume</i>, which means "flower of miracle".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> it is called <i>naalumani poovu</i> (<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a>: <span lang="ml">നാലുമണിപ്പൂ, പതിറ്റടിമുല്ല</span>, which means "four o'clock flower"</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> it is called <i>gulabakshi</i> (<a href="/wiki/Marathi_language" title="Marathi language">Marathi</a>: <span lang="mr">गुलबक्षी</span>).</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> it is called <i>godhuli gopal</i> (<a href="/wiki/Assamese_language" title="Assamese language">Assamese</a>: <span lang="as">গধূলিগোপাল</span>), <i>godhuli</i> meaning "evening".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Maithili_language" title="Maithili language">Maithili</a> it is called <i>sanjhaa phool</i> as it blooms in evening.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Orissa,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Orissa, India">Odisha</a> it is called <i>rangani</i> (<a href="/wiki/Odia_language" title="Odia language">Odia</a>: <span lang="or">ରଂଗଣୀ</span>).</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> it is called <i>sham di sohnap</i>, which means "evening beauty".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> it is called <i>bunga pukul empat</i>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> it is called <i>seroja</i></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> it is called the "shower flower" (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">洗澡花</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">xǐzǎo huā</span></i>) or "rice boiling flower" (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">煮饭花</span>; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">煮飯花</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">zhǔfàn huā</span></i>) because it is in bloom at the time of these activities.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> it is known as "purple jasmine" (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">紫茉莉</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">zǐ mòlì</span></i>).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> name is <i>akşam sefası</i>, which means "evening pleasure".</li> <li>In the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> and in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> the name of the plant is <i>nachtschone</i> and <i>belle de nuit</i> respectively meaning "beauty of the night".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> it is called <i>bella di notte</i>, which means "beautiful during night".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> it is called <i>laleh abbasi</i> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl">لاله عباسی</span>).</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> it is called <i>oshiroi-bana</i> (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span lang="ja">オシロイバナ</span>), as the white, powdery <a href="/wiki/Endosperm" title="Endosperm">endosperm</a> inside of mature seeds looks like <i><a href="/wiki/Oshiroi" title="Oshiroi">oshiroi</a></i>, the powder foundation used by <a href="/wiki/Geisha" title="Geisha">geishas</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> it is named <i>lilanit rav-gonit</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">לילנית רב-גונית</span>; "multicolored nocturnal"), and more commonly called <i>malkat halayla</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">מלכת הלילה</span>), meaning "queen of the night".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a> it is called <i>vieruurtjie</i> ("four o'clock") as it starts to open at 16:00 until the morning.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> it is called <i>dziwaczek</i>, meaning "a little weirdo, a little oddity" that denotes its flowering time.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a> it is called <i>nočna frajlica</i>, meaning "night missy".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a> it is called <i>noćurak</i> (<a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>: <span lang="sr">ноћурак</span>).</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> it is called <i>frumoasa nopții</i>, meaning "the beauty of the night", or also <i>noptiță</i>.</li> <li>In the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> it is called <i>prinsesa ng gabi</i>, meaning "princess of the night" or sometimes <i>alas quatro</i>, "at four o'clock".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> it is called <i>putita</i>, meaning "little hooker", because she is prettiest when her flowers come out at night.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> it is called <i>maravilla</i>, meaning "marvel".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> it is called <i>ħummejr</i>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> it is called <i>zor'ka</i> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">зорька</span>), meaning "dawning".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> it is called <i>alshab alzarif</i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">الشاب الظريف</span>) meaning "the charming young man".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> it is called <i>nichna krasunya</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">нічна красуня</span>), meaning "night beauty".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> it is called <i>Don Diego de noche</i>, meaning "Mr. Diego of night".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> it is called <i>Ceciliana.</i></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> it is called <i>shab el layl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">شاب الليل</span>), meaning "young man of the night".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a> it is called "गुल बांक" Gul baank</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNRCS" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">NRCS</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/MIJA">"<i>Mirabilis jalapa</i>"</a>. <i>PLANTS Database</i>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">United States Department of Agriculture</a> (USDA)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PLANTS+Database&rft.atitle=%3Ci%3EMirabilis+jalapa%3C%2Fi%3E&rft.au=NRCS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplants.sc.egov.usda.gov%2Fplant-profile%2FMIJA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.ct.gov/-/media/SOTS/RegisterManual/RM_Archive/CT-State-Register-and-Manual-2018.pdf?la=en"><i>Connecticut State Register and Manual</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, 2018, p. 825<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-02</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Connecticut+State+Register+and+Manual&rft.pages=825&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportal.ct.gov%2F-%2Fmedia%2FSOTS%2FRegisterManual%2FRM_Archive%2FCT-State-Register-and-Manual-2018.pdf%3Fla%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bruneton, J. Pharmacognosy - Phytochemistry, medicinal plants, 4 th edition, revised and enlarged. , Paris, Tec & Doc - International Medical Publishing,2009, 1288 p. ( <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-7430-1188-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-7430-1188-8">978-2-7430-1188-8</a> )</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Uta Effmert , " Volatile composition, emission pattern, and localization of floral scent emission in Mirabilis jalapa (Nyctaginaceae) ", American journal of botany, vol. 92, no 1, January 2005, p. 2-12 ( ISSN 0002-9122 )</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cityflowers.co.in/blog/four-oclock-flowers-pictures-mirabilis-jalapa-marvel-of-peru/">Four O’clock Flowers Pictures, Mirabilis Jalapa (Marvel-of-peru)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160717111834/https://www.cityflowers.co.in/blog/four-oclock-flowers-pictures-mirabilis-jalapa-marvel-of-peru/">Archived</a> July 17, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gardenersnet.com/flower/fouroclock.htm">"How to Grow Four O'Clock Flowers, Growing Four O'Clock Plants, Seeds"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Grow+Four+O%27Clock+Flowers%2C+Growing+Four+O%27Clock+Plants%2C+Seeds&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gardenersnet.com%2Fflower%2Ffouroclock.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/ornamental/flowers/four-oclocks/four-oclock-plants.htm">"Tips and Information About Growing Four O'clock Plants"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tips+and+Information+About+Growing+Four+O%27clock+Plants&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gardeningknowhow.com%2Fornamental%2Fflowers%2Ffour-oclocks%2Ffour-oclock-plants.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.southernliving.com/plants/four-oclock">"Four O'clock"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Four+O%27clock&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.southernliving.com%2Fplants%2Ffour-oclock&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://extension.usu.edu/rangeplants/forbsherbaceous/four-oclock">"Four O'clock"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Four+O%27clock&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fextension.usu.edu%2Frangeplants%2Fforbsherbaceous%2Ffour-oclock&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wimastergardener.org/article/four-oclocks-mirabilis-jalapa/">"Four O'Clocks, <i>Mirabilis jalapa</i>"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Four+O%27Clocks%2C+Mirabilis+jalapa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwimastergardener.org%2Farticle%2Ffour-oclocks-mirabilis-jalapa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226447165">"Investigations of the inheritance of flower variegation in Mirabilis jalapa L. 1. General introduction and 2. Inheritance of colour in uniformly coloured flowers. J.M.M. Engels, W.N.M. van Kester, C.J.T. Spitters, L. Vosselman, A.C. Zeven. Institute of Plant Breeding, Agricultural University, Wageningen"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Investigations+of+the+inheritance+of+flower+variegation+in+Mirabilis+jalapa+L.+1.+General+introduction+and+2.+Inheritance+of+colour+in+uniformly+coloured+flowers.+J.M.M.+Engels%2C+W.N.M.+van+Kester%2C+C.J.T.+Spitters%2C+L.+Vosselman%2C+A.C.+Zeven.+Institute+of+Plant+Breeding%2C+Agricultural+University%2C+Wageningen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F226447165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Hutchinson, 1969. Evolution and phylogeny of flowering plants. London.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120815175007/http://www.botgard.ucla.edu/html/MEMBGNewsletter/Volume4number2/Theplantsthatlovehawkmoths.html">"UCLA Mildred E. Mathias Botanical Garden"</a>. Botgard.ucla.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.botgard.ucla.edu/html/membgnewsletter/Volume4number2/Theplantsthatlovehawkmoths.html">the original</a> on 2012-08-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-07-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UCLA+Mildred+E.+Mathias+Botanical+Garden&rft.pub=Botgard.ucla.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.botgard.ucla.edu%2Fhtml%2Fmembgnewsletter%2FVolume4number2%2FTheplantsthatlovehawkmoths.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jorge M. Vivanco , " Antiviral Activity of Antiviroid and MAP-Containing Extracts from Mirabilis Jalapa Roots " Plant Disease , vol. 83, n o 12,1999, p. 1116-1121 ( ISSN 0191-2917)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miko-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Miko_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Miko_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/Non-nuclear-Genes-and-Their-Inheritance-589">Miko, I. Non-nuclear genes and their inheritance. Nature Education 1(1), (2008)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Biologie Schule - kompaktes Wissen: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biologie-schule.de/uniformitaetsregel.php">Uniformitätsregel (1. Mendelsche Regel)</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frustfrei Lernen: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.frustfrei-lernen.de/biologie/uniformitaetsregel.html">Uniformitätsregel (1. Mendelsche Regel)</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spektrum Biologie: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spektrum.de/lexikon/biologie/unvollstaendige-dominanz/68637">Unvollständige Dominanz</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pigments of centrospermae—V. : Betaxanthins from Mirabilis jalapa L. M. Piattelli, L. Minale and R.A. Nicolaus, Phytochemistry, 1965, Volume 4, Issue 6, Pages 817–823 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031942200862585">abstract</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">New Rotenoids from Roots of Mirabilis jalapa. Wang Yi-Fen, Chen Ji-Jun, Yang Yan, Zheng Yong-Tang, Tang Shao-Zong and Luo Shi-De, Helvetica Chimica Acta, August 2002, Volume 85, Issue 8, pages 2342–2348, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F1522-2675%28200208%2985%3A8%3C2342%3A%3AAID-HLCA2342%3E3.0.CO%3B2-S">10.1002/1522-2675(200208)85:8<2342::AID-HLCA2342>3.0.CO;2-S</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">An 8-hydroxyoctadeca-cis-11,14-dienoic acid from Mirabilis jalapa seed oil. Mohammad Shamim Ahmad, Abdul Rauf, Jamal Mustafa and Mohammad Osman Sheikh, Phytochemistry, 1984, Volume 23, Issue 10, Pages 2247–2249 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031942200805294">abstract</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Constituents of Mirabilis jalapa. Siddiqui S., Siddiqui B.S., Adil Q. and Begum S., Fitoterapia, 1990, Volume 61, No. 5, page 471 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/19910302341.html;jsessionid=196D9B7C532F29E40F2551F192CD3923">abstract</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140104210857/http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/19910302341.html;jsessionid=196D9B7C532F29E40F2551F192CD3923">Archived</a> 2014-01-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Three New Phenolic Compounds from a Manipulated Plant Cell Culture, Mirabilis jalapa. Shu-Wei Yang, Rosa Ubillas, James McAlpine, Angela Stafford, Dawn M. Ecker, M. Kelly Talbot and Bruce Rogers, J. Nat. Prod., 2001, volume 64, issue 3, pages 313–317, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fnp0004092">10.1021/np0004092</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">N-Caffeoylphenalkylamide derivatives as bacterial efflux pump inhibitors. Serge Michalet, Gilbert Cartier, Bruno David, Anne-Marie Mariotte, Marie-Geneviève Dijoux-franca, Glenn W. Kaatz, Michael Stavri and Simon Gibbons, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 15 March 2007, Volume 17, Issue 6, Pages 1755–1758 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960894X06014776">abstract</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pfaf-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pfaf_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pfaf_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pfaf_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Mirabilis%20jalapa">"Mirabilis jalapa Marvel Of Peru PFAF Plant Database"</a>. Pfaf.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-07-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mirabilis+jalapa+Marvel+Of+Peru+PFAF+Plant+Database&rft.pub=Pfaf.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pfaf.org%2Fuser%2FPlant.aspx%3FLatinName%3DMirabilis%2520jalapa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A774704">"h2g2 - Four O'Clocks - Night Blooming Beauties"</a>. Bbc.co.uk. 2002-08-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-07-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=h2g2+-+Four+O%27Clocks+-+Night+Blooming+Beauties&rft.pub=Bbc.co.uk&rft.date=2002-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fdna%2Fh2g2%2FA774704&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Growth responses and cadmium accumulation of Mirabilis jalapa L. under interaction between cadmium and phosphorus. Yu Z and Zhou Q, J Hazard Mater., 15 August 2009, volume 167, issues 1-3, pages 38-43, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jhazmat.2008.12.082">10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.12.082</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bernard Boullard , medicinal plants of the world, beliefs and realities , De Boeck Secundair,2001 ( <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782843711176" title="Special:BookSources/9782843711176">9782843711176</a> )</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lim-2014-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lim-2014_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLim2014" class="citation book cs1">Lim, Tong (2014). <i>Edible medicinal and non medicinal plants</i>. <a href="/wiki/Dordrecht" title="Dordrecht">Dordrecht</a>: <a href="/wiki/Springer_Publishing" title="Springer Publishing">Springer</a>. pp. xiii+1024. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-017-8747-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-017-8747-5"><bdi>978-94-017-8747-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/878641531">878641531</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edible+medicinal+and+non+medicinal+plants&rft.place=Dordrecht&rft.pages=xiii%2B1024&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F878641531&rft.isbn=978-94-017-8747-5&rft.aulast=Lim&rft.aufirst=Tong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-017-8748-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-017-8748-2">978-94-017-8748-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2014936737">2014-936737</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Singh-2016-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Singh-2016_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2016" class="citation journal cs1">Singh, Anurudh K. (2016-11-28). "Exotic ancient plant introductions". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plant_Genetic_Resources_(journal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plant Genetic Resources (journal) (page does not exist)">Plant Genetic Resources</a></i>. <b>14</b> (4). <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Agricultural_Botany" title="National Institute of Agricultural Botany">National Institute of Agricultural Botany</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">CUP</a>): <span class="nowrap">356–</span>369. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs1479262116000368">10.1017/s1479262116000368</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1479-2621">1479-2621</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:89209775">89209775</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plant+Genetic+Resources&rft.atitle=Exotic+ancient+plant+introductions&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E356-%3C%2Fspan%3E369&rft.date=2016-11-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A89209775%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1479-2621&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs1479262116000368&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Anurudh+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="pp._291–329" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Correns, C. (1909). <i>Vererbungsversuche mit blass (gelb) grünen und buntblättrigen Sippen bei Mirabilis, Urtica und Lunaria</i> (in German). ZIAV 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vererbungsversuche+mit+blass+%28gelb%29+gr%C3%BCnen+und+buntbl%C3%A4ttrigen+Sippen+bei+Mirabilis%2C+Urtica+und+Lunaria&rft.place=ZIAV+1&rft.date=1909&rft.aulast=Correns&rft.aufirst=C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPierce2005" class="citation book cs1">Pierce, B. (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_2900716768363"><i>Genetics: A Conceptual Approach</i></a></span> (2nd ed.). New York, Freeman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780716788812" title="Special:BookSources/9780716788812"><bdi>9780716788812</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genetics%3A+A+Conceptual+Approach&rft.place=New+York%2C+Freeman&rft.edition=2nd&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780716788812&rft.aulast=Pierce&rft.aufirst=B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_2900716768363&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMirabilis+jalapa" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <style 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.navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_state_flowers" title="Template:US state flowers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_state_flowers" title="Template talk:US state flowers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_state_flowers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US state flowers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_flowers_of_the_United_States619" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_and_territory_flowers" title="List of U.S. state and territory flowers">State flowers of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">AL</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Camellia_japonica" title="Camellia japonica">Camellia</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hydrangea_quercifolia" title="Hydrangea quercifolia">Oak-leaf hydrangea</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">AK</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Myosotis_alpestris" title="Myosotis alpestris">Forget-me-not</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">AZ</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Saguaro" title="Saguaro">Saguaro cactus blossom</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">AR</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Malus" title="Malus">Apple blossom</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/California" title="California">CA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Eschscholzia_californica" title="Eschscholzia californica">California poppy</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">CO</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Aquilegia_coerulea" title="Aquilegia coerulea">Rocky Mountain columbine</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">CT</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Kalmia_latifolia" title="Kalmia latifolia">Mountain laurel</a>, <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mirabilis jalapa</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CH</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">DE</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Peach" title="Peach">Peach blossom</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">FL</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">Orange blossom</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Coreopsis" title="Coreopsis">Tickseed</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">GA</a></b> <i><a href="/wiki/Azalea" title="Azalea">Azalea</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Rosa_laevigata" title="Rosa laevigata">Cherokee rose</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">FE</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">HI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_hibiscus" title="Hawaiian hibiscus">Hawaiian hibiscus</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">ID</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Philadelphus_lewisii" title="Philadelphus lewisii">Syringa, mock orange</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">IL</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Viola_(plant)" title="Viola (plant)">Violet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asclepias" title="Asclepias">Milkweed</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">IN</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Peony" title="Peony">Peony</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">IA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Rosa_arkansana" title="Rosa arkansana">Wild prairie rose</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">KS</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Common_sunflower" title="Common sunflower">Sunflower</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">KY</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Solidago_gigantea" title="Solidago gigantea">Goldenrod</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">LA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Magnolia" title="Magnolia">Magnolia</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iris_giganticaerulea" title="Iris giganticaerulea">Louisiana iris</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">ME</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Pinus_strobus" title="Pinus strobus">White pine cone and tassel</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">MD</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Rudbeckia_hirta" title="Rudbeckia hirta">Black-eyed susan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">MA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Epigaea_repens" title="Epigaea repens">Mayflower</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">MI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Malus" title="Malus">Apple blossom</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Iris_lacustris" title="Iris lacustris">Dwarf lake iris</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">MN</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Cypripedium_reginae" title="Cypripedium reginae">Pink and white lady's slipper</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">MS</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Magnolia" title="Magnolia">Magnolia</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Coreopsis" title="Coreopsis">Tickseed</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">MO</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Crataegus" title="Crataegus">Hawthorn</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">MT</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Bitterroot" title="Bitterroot">Bitterroot</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">NE</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Solidago_gigantea" title="Solidago gigantea">Goldenrod</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nevada" title="Nevada">NV</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Artemisia_tridentata" title="Artemisia tridentata">Sagebrush</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">NH</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Syringa_vulgaris" title="Syringa vulgaris">Purple lilac</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cypripedium_acaule" title="Cypripedium acaule">Pink lady's slipper</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">NJ</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Viola_sororia" title="Viola sororia">Violet</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">NM</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Yucca" title="Yucca">Yucca flower</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">NY</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Rose" title="Rose">Rose</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">NC</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Cornus_florida" title="Cornus florida">Flowering dogwood</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Lilium_michauxii" title="Lilium michauxii">Carolina lily</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota" title="North Dakota">ND</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Rosa_arkansana" title="Rosa arkansana">Wild prairie rose</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">OH</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Dianthus_caryophyllus" title="Dianthus caryophyllus">Scarlet carnation</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Trillium_grandiflorum" title="Trillium grandiflorum">Large white trillium</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">OK</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Rosa_%27Oklahoma%27" title="Rosa 'Oklahoma'">Oklahoma rose</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Gaillardia_pulchella" title="Gaillardia pulchella">Indian blanket</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Phoradendron_leucarpum" title="Phoradendron leucarpum">Mistletoe</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">FE</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">OR</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Mahonia_aquifolium" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahonia aquifolium">Oregon grape</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">PA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Kalmia_latifolia" title="Kalmia latifolia">Mountain laurel</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Securigera_varia" title="Securigera varia">Penngift crown vetch</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">BC</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">RI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Viola_(plant)" title="Viola (plant)">Violet</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">SC</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Gelsemium_sempervirens" title="Gelsemium sempervirens">Yellow jessamine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Solidago_altissima" title="Solidago altissima">Goldenrod</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">SD</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Pulsatilla_nuttalliana" title="Pulsatilla nuttalliana">Pasque flower</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">TN</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Iris_(plant)" title="Iris (plant)">Iris</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Passiflora_incarnata" title="Passiflora incarnata">Purple passionflower</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Echinacea_tennesseensis" title="Echinacea tennesseensis">Tennessee coneflower</a></i> <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">TX</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Bluebonnet_(plant)" title="Bluebonnet (plant)">Bluebonnet sp.</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">UT</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Calochortus_nuttallii" title="Calochortus nuttallii">Sego lily</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">VT</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Trifolium_pratense" title="Trifolium pratense">Red clover</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">VA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Cornus_florida" title="Cornus florida">American dogwood</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Washington_(state)" title="Washington (state)">WA</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Rhododendron_macrophyllum" title="Rhododendron macrophyllum">Coast rhododendron</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">WV</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Rhododendron_maximum" title="Rhododendron maximum">Rhododendron</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">WI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Viola_sororia" title="Viola sororia">Wood violet</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wyoming" title="Wyoming">WY</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Castilleja_linariifolia" title="Castilleja linariifolia">Indian paintbrush</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">AS</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Pandanus_tectorius" title="Pandanus tectorius">Paogo (Ulafala)</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">GU</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Bougainvillea_spectabilis" title="Bougainvillea spectabilis">Bougainvillea spectabilis</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">MP</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Plumeria" title="Plumeria">Flores mayo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">PR</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Thespesia_grandiflora" title="Thespesia grandiflora">Maga</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="United States Virgin Islands">VI</a></b> <a href="/wiki/Tecoma_stans" title="Tecoma stans">Yellow elder</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="padding:0.4em; line-height:1.3em;"><div><i>Italics</i>: state wildflower <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">WF</span></span>, state children's flower <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CH</span></span>, state floral emblem <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">FE</span></span>, beautification and conservation <span class="smallcaps"><span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">BC</span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers7284" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers7284" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Mirabilis jalapa</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13710" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q13710">Q13710</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mirabilis_jalapa" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Mirabilis jalapa">Mirabilis jalapa</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">AoFP: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=1862">1862</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APA: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://floraofalabama.org/Plant.aspx?id=2699">2699</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/18399">18399</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/94494">94494</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Tropical_Rainforest_Plants" title="Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants">ATRF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apps.lucidcentral.org/rainforest/text/entities/Mirabilis_jalapa.htm">Mirabilis_jalapa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id38456">38456</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Calflora: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=5589">5589</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/43LGW">43LGW</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/State_Herbarium_of_South_Australia" title="State Herbarium of South Australia">eFloraSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&name=Mirabilis_jalapa">Mirabilis_jalapa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/479784">479784</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/MIBJA">MIBJA</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/European_Nature_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Nature Information System">EUNIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/species/175331">175331</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/FloraBase" title="FloraBase">FloraBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/18322">18322</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200007009">200007009</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Australia" title="Flora of Australia">FoAO2</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Mirabilis%20jalapa">Mirabilis jalapa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200007009">200007009</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/3086240">3086240</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=24469">24469</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/50616">50616</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">IPA: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.invasiveplantatlas.org/subject.html?sub=14134">14134</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/162591-2">162591-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10203005">10203005</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Invasive_Species_Compendium" title="Invasive Species Compendium">ISC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/34254">34254</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=19648">19648</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Botanical_Garden" title="Missouri Botanical Garden">MoBotPF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=282898">282898</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.143369/">2.143369</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NBNSYS0000014830">NBNSYS0000014830</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=3538">3538</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/4d74c90a-a2d9-4bd3-8985-88d182d65a98">4d74c90a-a2d9-4bd3-8985-88d182d65a98</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Plant_Conservation_Network" title="New Zealand Plant Conservation Network">NZPCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://nzpcn.org.nz/flora_details.aspx?ID=3199">3199</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=740466">740466</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">PalDat: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paldat.org/pub/Mirabilis_jalapa">Mirabilis_jalapa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">PFI: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dryades.units.it/floritaly/index.php?procedure=taxon_page&tipo=all&id=555">555</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2502156">kew-2502156</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/MIJA">MIJA</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A162591-2">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:162591-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Horticultural_Society" title="Royal Horticultural Society">RHS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/11156/wd/Details">11156</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Biodiversity_Institute" title="South African National Biodiversity Institute">SANBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://redlist.sanbi.org/species.php?species=2064-1">2064-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tropicos.org/name/22500289">22500289</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Herbarium_of_Victoria" title="National Herbarium of Victoria">VicFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/eb67b69e-7cd1-47a2-8719-31dc0b22c9a6">eb67b69e-7cd1-47a2-8719-31dc0b22c9a6</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000448428">wfo-0000448428</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&oldid=1272069500">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mirabilis_jalapa&oldid=1272069500</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mirabilis_(plant)" title="Category:Mirabilis (plant)">Mirabilis (plant)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Nepal" 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