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Pečurka - Wikipedia
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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bs.wikipedia.org&uselang=bs" class=""><span>Donacije</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Napravi_ra%C4%8Dun&returnto=Pe%C4%8Durka" title="Predlažemo vam da napravite račun i prijavite se; međutim, to nije obavezno" class=""><span>Napravi korisnički račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Korisni%C4%8Dka_prijava&returnto=Pe%C4%8Durka" title="Predlažemo vam da se prijavite, iako to nije obavezno [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijavi 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decoding=\"async\" width=\"40\" height=\"43\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/60px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg/80px-Wikipedia_Asian_Month_Logo.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"512\" data-file-height=\"555\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\"\u003EOd 1. do 30. novembra 2024. učestvujte u projektu \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedia:Azijski_mjesec/2024.\" title=\"Wikipedia:Azijski mjesec/2024.\"\u003E\"Azijski mjesec\"\u003C/a\u003E.\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sajt"> <div 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id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Životni_ciklus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Životni_ciklus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Životni ciklus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Životni_ciklus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Životni ciklus</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Životni_ciklus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vilinski_krugovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vilinski_krugovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Vilinski krugovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vilinski_krugovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hranjiva_vrijednost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hranjiva_vrijednost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Hranjiva vrijednost</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hranjiva_vrijednost-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uključi/isključi podsekciju Hranjiva vrijednost</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hranjiva_vrijednost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vitamin_D" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vitamin_D"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Vitamin D</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vitamin_D-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gljivarstvo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gljivarstvo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Gljivarstvo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gljivarstvo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Raspoznavanje_gljiva" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Raspoznavanje_gljiva"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Raspoznavanje gljiva</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Raspoznavanje_gljiva-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proizvodnja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proizvodnja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Proizvodnja</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proizvodnja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Također_pogledajte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Također_pogledajte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Također pogledajte</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Također_pogledajte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjski_linkovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjski_linkovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Vanjski linkovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjski_linkovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Uključi/isključi sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Uključi/isključi sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pečurka</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na članak na drugom jeziku. Dostupno na 111 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-111" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">111 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddastoel" title="Paddastoel – afrikans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Paddastoel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faniw" title="Faniw – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Faniw" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potrec%C3%B3n" title="Potrecón – aragonski" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Potrecón" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="عيش الغراب – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عيش الغراب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DD%A3%D9%8A%D8%B9" title="فݣيع – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="فݣيع" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cogorda" title="Cogorda – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cogorda" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6b%C9%99l%C9%99k" title="Göbələk – azerbejdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Göbələk" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oong" title="Oong – balinezijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Oong" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sompiniong" title="Sompiniong – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Sompiniong" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulat" title="Kulat – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kulat" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AE" title="মাশরুম – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাশরুম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolet" title="Bolet – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bolet" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C5%AD" title="Gŭ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gŭ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%AC%E1%8E%B5" title="ᏓᏬᎵ – čeroki" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏓᏬᎵ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="čeroki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madarchen" title="Madarchen – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Madarchen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruchtk%C3%B6rper" title="Fruchtkörper – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fruchtkörper" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9" title="Μανιτάρι – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μανιτάρι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom" title="Mushroom – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mushroom" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88apelfungo" title="Ĉapelfungo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉapelfungo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seta" title="Seta – španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Seta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziza" title="Ziza – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ziza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seta" title="Seta – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Seta" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%86_%DA%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="قارچ چتری – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قارچ چتری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporophore" title="Sporophore – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sporophore" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpoforo" title="Carpoforo – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Carpoforo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poddestoel" title="Poddestoel – zapadni frizijski" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Poddestoel" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="zapadni frizijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beac%C3%A1n" title="Beacán – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Beacán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balgan-buachair" title="Balgan-buachair – škotski galski" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Balgan-buachair" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotski galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cogomelo" title="Cogomelo – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cogomelo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BB" title="Kû – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kû" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94" title="פטרייה – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פטרייה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%95)" title="कुकुरमुत्ता (कवक) – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कुकुरमुत्ता (कवक)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tijelo_gljive" title="Tijelo gljive – hrvatski" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tijelo gljive" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AC%D5%AD%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80_%D5%BD%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Գլխարկավոր սնկեր – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գլխարկավոր սնկեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Champignon" title="Champignon – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Champignon" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamur" title="Jamur – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jamur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argai%C4%A1%C3%B1aq" title="Argaiġñaq – inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Argaiġñaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungo" title="Fungo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fungo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B3rsveppir" title="Stórsveppir – islandski" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stórsveppir" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungo_epigeo" title="Fungo epigeo – italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fungo epigeo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%8E%E3%82%B3" title="キノコ – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キノコ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamur" title="Jamur – javanski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Jamur" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%C5%8Bgb%C9%A9s%C9%A9" title="Kaŋgbɩsɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kaŋgbɩsɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsong" title="Tsong – tjap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Tsong" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tjap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulak" title="Kulak – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Kulak" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%86" title="ಅಣಬೆ – kanada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಣಬೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kanada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%84%EC%84%AF" title="버섯 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="버섯" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuvark" title="Kuvark – kurdski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Kuvark" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%83_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Козу карын – kirgiški" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Козу карын" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungus" title="Fungus – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fungus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likomb%C3%B3" title="Likombó – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Likombó" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94" title="ເຫັດ – laoski" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເຫັດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grybas" title="Grybas – litvanski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Grybas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litvanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%93ne" title="Sēne – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sēne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cindawan" title="Cindawan – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Cindawan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Печурка – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Печурка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B5%BA" title="കൂൺ – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കൂൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%A9%D3%A9%D0%B3" title="Мөөг – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мөөг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80" title="अळिंबी – marati" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अळिंबी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cendawan" title="Cendawan – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cendawan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roque" title="Roque – mirandeški" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Roque" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandeški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poggenst%C3%B6hle" title="Poggenstöhle – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Poggenstöhle" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddestool" title="Paddestool – donjosaksonski" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Paddestool" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="donjosaksonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89" title="च्याउ – nepalski" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="च्याउ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paddenstoel_(schimmel)" title="Paddenstoel (schimmel) – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Paddenstoel (schimmel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9B%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%81" title="ଛତୁ – odija" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଛତୁ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odija" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AD" title="ਖੁੰਭ – pandžapski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਖੁੰਭ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payungpayungan" title="Payungpayungan – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Payungpayungan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janpinhion" title="Janpinhion – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Janpinhion" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owocnik" title="Owocnik – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Owocnik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="کھمبی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کھمبی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cogumelo" title="Cogumelo – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cogumelo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%27allampa_puquy" title="K'allampa puquy – kečua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="K'allampa puquy" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Гриб – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гриб" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="छत्राकम् – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="छत्राकम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%AB" title="ᱩᱫ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱩᱫ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordolinu" title="Cordolinu – sardinijski" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Cordolinu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funcia_(organismu)" title="Funcia (organismu) – sicilijanski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Funcia (organismu)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puddock_stuil" title="Puddock stuil – škotski" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Puddock stuil" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škotski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%80%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="کنڀيون – sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="کنڀيون" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C4%8Durka" title="Pečurka – srpskohrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pečurka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpskohrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94" title="හතු – sinhaleški" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="හතු" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhaleški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mushroom" title="Mushroom – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mushroom" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goba" title="Goba – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Goba" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hohwa" title="Hohwa – šona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Hohwa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boqoshaa" title="Boqoshaa – somalski" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Boqoshaa" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Печурка – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Печурка" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi – sundanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Fungi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruktkropp" title="Fruktkropp – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fruktkropp" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uyoga" title="Uyoga – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uyoga" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="காளான் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="காளான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F_%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81" title="పుట్ట గొడుగు – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పుట్ట గొడుగు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D3%AF%D1%80%D1%83%D2%93" title="Занбӯруғ – tadžički" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Занбӯруғ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%94" title="เห็ด – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เห็ด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabute" title="Kabute – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kabute" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gob%C9%99l%C9%99k" title="Gobələk – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Gobələk" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakamalu%CA%BBat%C4%93volo" title="Fakamaluʻatēvolo – tonganski" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Fakamaluʻatēvolo" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tonganski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%88%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%95_%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%83_(%D8%A6%DB%86%D8%B3%DB%88%D9%85%D9%84%DB%88%D9%83)" title="دۈمبە مەدەك (ئۆسۈملۈك) – ujgurski" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="دۈمبە مەدەك (ئۆسۈملۈك)" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BE)" title="Гриб (плодове тіло) – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гриб (плодове тіло)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DA%BE%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="کھمبی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کھمبی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qo%CA%BBziqorin" title="Qoʻziqorin – uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qoʻziqorin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%BA%A5m_l%E1%BB%9Bn" title="Nấm lớn – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nấm lớn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tchampion-boloe" title="Tchampion-boloe – valun" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tchampion-boloe" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulap%C3%ADng" title="Ulapíng – varej" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ulapíng" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varej" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajab" title="Rajab – volof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Rajab" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="volof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%91%E8%8F%87" title="蘑菇 – Wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="蘑菇" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%9C" title="שוועמל – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="שוועמל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%95%88%E9%A1%9E" title="蕈類 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="蕈類" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%95%88" title="蕈 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="蕈" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ko%CD%98" title="Ko͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ko͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8F%87" title="菇 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="菇" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q83093#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezičke linkove" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Radnje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pe%C4%8Durka"><span>Čitaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kod ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi izvor</span></a></li><li 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Posebne_stranice" title="Spisak svih posebnih stranica [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne stranice</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&oldid=3211242" title="Trajni link ove verzije stranice"><span>Trajni link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=info" title="Više informacija o ovoj stranici"><span>Informacije o stranici</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Citiraj&page=Pe%C4%8Durka&id=3211242&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacije kako citirati ovu stranicu"><span>Citiraj ovu stranicu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Skra%C4%87iva%C4%8D_adresa&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPe%25C4%258Durka"><span>Skraćeni link</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na drugim projektima </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mushrooms" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q83093" title="Link na povezane podatke spremišnih stavki [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Stavka na Wikipodacima</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti na bočnu traku</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">S Wikipedije, slobodne enciklopedije</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bs" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Amanita_muscaria_(fly_agaric).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Amanita_muscaria_%28fly_agaric%29.JPG/200px-Amanita_muscaria_%28fly_agaric%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Amanita_muscaria_%28fly_agaric%29.JPG/300px-Amanita_muscaria_%28fly_agaric%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Amanita_muscaria_%28fly_agaric%29.JPG/400px-Amanita_muscaria_%28fly_agaric%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1745" data-file-height="2569" /></a><figcaption>Tipičan oblik gljive</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Gljiva</b> ili <b>pečurka</b>, u užem smislu je životna forma <a href="/wiki/Gljive" title="Gljive">gljiva u širem smislu</a> čije plodonosno tijelo raste iznad zemlje i sastoji se iz drške i šešira, a <a href="/wiki/Micelij" title="Micelij">micelij</a> se nalazi u podlozi. Ako je mesnati šešir sa porama, a ako rastu po drveću, tada su to rupičari ili gube. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Životni_ciklus"><span id=".C5.BDivotni_ciklus"></span>Životni ciklus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak "Životni ciklus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Životni ciklus"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:RNK_ljubicasta_pecurka_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/RNK_ljubicasta_pecurka_02.jpg/220px-RNK_ljubicasta_pecurka_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/RNK_ljubicasta_pecurka_02.jpg/330px-RNK_ljubicasta_pecurka_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/RNK_ljubicasta_pecurka_02.jpg/440px-RNK_ljubicasta_pecurka_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2085" data-file-height="2170" /></a><figcaption>Tipski fenotip pečurke</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Fliegenpilz_fly_agaric_Amanita_muscaria.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Fliegenpilz_fly_agaric_Amanita_muscaria.JPG/220px-Fliegenpilz_fly_agaric_Amanita_muscaria.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Fliegenpilz_fly_agaric_Amanita_muscaria.JPG/330px-Fliegenpilz_fly_agaric_Amanita_muscaria.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Fliegenpilz_fly_agaric_Amanita_muscaria.JPG/440px-Fliegenpilz_fly_agaric_Amanita_muscaria.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Amanita_muscaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanita muscaria">Amanita muscaria</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivotni_ciklus" title="Životni ciklus">Životni ciklus</a> počinje klijanjem dviju <a href="/wiki/Spora" title="Spora">spora</a>, od kojih svaka sadrži <a href="/wiki/Haploid" class="mw-redirect" title="Haploid">haploid</a> ni broj <a href="/wiki/Hromosom" title="Hromosom">hromosoma</a>, odnosno polovinu nasljednog materijala (<a href="/wiki/Hromosomska_garnitura" title="Hromosomska garnitura">hromosumska garniture</a> <i>n</i>). Prilikom <a href="/wiki/Klijanje" title="Klijanje">klijanja</a> nastaju <a href="/wiki/Hife" class="mw-redirect" title="Hife">hife</a>, končaste ćelije koje grade <a href="/wiki/Micelij" title="Micelij">micelij</a> koji ulazi u hranjivu podlogu. Bez obzira na način postanka plodonosnog tijela (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Karpofor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karpofor (stranica ne postoji)">karpofora</a>), uvijek se spajaju dvije komplementarne hifine niti. Kod <a href="/wiki/Basidiomycota" title="Basidiomycota">Basidiomycota</a> naličju klobuka nalaze se lamelarni listići prekriveni <a href="/wiki/Bazidija" title="Bazidija">bazidijama</a>, odnosno ćelijama koje imaju četiri šiljata produžetka (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sterigma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sterigma (stranica ne postoji)">sterigme</a>). Svaki od njih na vrhu ima po jednu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bazidiospora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bazidiospora (stranica ne postoji)">bazidiosporu</a> koja će kasnije proklijati u novi micelij. Pečurke proizvode veliki broj spora. Naprimer, gljiva prečnika plodnog tijela od 10 cm, za šest dana može proizvesti oko 16 miliona spora. Spore se raznose na različite načine; uz pomoć kišnih kapi, vjetra (<a href="/wiki/Anemofilija" title="Anemofilija">anemofilija</a>) ili <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivotinja" class="mw-redirect" title="Životinja">životinja</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zoofilija_(botanika)" title="Zoofilija (botanika)">zoofilija</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vilinski_krugovi">Vilinski krugovi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak "Vilinski krugovi"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Vilinski krugovi"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vilinski ili veštičji krugovi ispoljavaju se kada pečurke rastu u krugu. To se dešava zbog toda što se micelij ravnomjerno širi počevši od sredine. Unutar ovog kruga <a href="/wiki/Trava" class="mw-redirect" title="Trava">travnati</a> pokrivač je siromašniji, vjerovatno zato što <a href="/wiki/Micelij" title="Micelij">micelij</a> zagušio zračne međuprostore u zemljištu, pa tako voda ne može da dospije do biljnog <a href="/wiki/Korijen" class="mw-disambig" title="Korijen">korijenja</a> ili je posljedica <a href="/wiki/Parazit" class="mw-redirect" title="Parazit">parazitiranja</a> micelija na korijenju biljka. Sa unutrašnje i vanjskee strane kruga pečurki stvara se plodni pojas sa mnogo trave jer hife razlažu <a href="/wiki/Protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Protein">proteine</a> u osušenim <a href="/wiki/Biljka" class="mw-redirect" title="Biljka">biljkama</a> i tako obogaćuju zemljište <a href="/wiki/Minerali" class="mw-redirect" title="Minerali">mineralima</a>. Sa vanjske strane krugova, zemljište se obogaćuje mineralima i vjerovatno i zbog raspadanja starog gljivnog micelija. Oko tog pojasa, trećeg (i posljednjeg) kruga, nastaje se pojas koji je uobičajen za dati <a href="/wiki/Ekosistem" title="Ekosistem">ekosistem</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hranjiva_vrijednost">Hranjiva vrijednost</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak "Hranjiva vrijednost"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Hranjiva vrijednost"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Infokutija_hranjiva_vrijednost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šablon:Infokutija hranjiva vrijednost (stranica ne postoji)">Šablon:Infokutija hranjiva vrijednost</a> Sirove smeđe pečurke se sadrže oko 92% vode, 4% <a href="/wiki/Ugljikohidrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Ugljikohidrat">ugljikohidrata</a>, 2% <a href="/wiki/Protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Protein">proteina</a> i manje od 1% <a href="/wiki/Masti" class="mw-redirect" title="Masti">masti</a>. U 100 grama sirovih pečurki ima 22 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalorije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalorije (stranica ne postoji)">kalorije</a>. One su bogat izvor (20% ili više dnevne vrednosti, DV) B vitamina, kao što su <a href="/wiki/Riboflavin" class="mw-redirect" title="Riboflavin">riboflavin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niacin" class="mw-redirect" title="Niacin">niacin</a> i <a href="/wiki/Pantotenska_kiselina" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantotenska kiselina">pantotenska kiselina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Selenij" class="mw-redirect" title="Selenij">selenij</a> (37% DV) i <a href="/wiki/Bakar" title="Bakar">bakar</a> (25% DV), i umjeren su izvor (10-19% DV) <a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">fosfora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cink" title="Cink">cinka</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kalij" title="Kalij">kalija</a>. Sadrže minimalne količine ili uopće nemaju <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">vitamina C</a> i <a href="/wiki/Natrij" title="Natrij">natrija</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vitamin_D">Vitamin D</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak "Vitamin D"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Vitamin D"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ministarstvo za poljoprivredu SAD servisira evidenciju da pečurke izložene UV zracima bilo da su sunčevi ili produkt lampi sa <a href="/wiki/UV_zrake" class="mw-redirect" title="UV zrake">UV zračenjem</a>, sadrže znatne količine vitamina D. Pri izlaganju ultraljubičastom (UV) svjetlu, čak i nakon berbe, ergosterol u pečurkama se konvertuje u vitamin D2, u procesu koji se u današnje vrijeme namjenski koristi za povećanje količine vitamina D u pečurkama za maloprodajno tržište kvalitetne hrane. U sveobuhvatnoj procjeni bezbjednosti proizvodnje vitamina D u sviježim pečurkama, istraživači su pokazali da su tehnologije vještačkog UV svjetla podjednako efikasne za proizvodnju vitamina D kao i u gljivama koje su izložene prirodnom sunčevom osvjetljenju i da UV svjetlo ima dugu evidenciju neškodljive upotrebe u proizvodnji vitamina D u gljivarstvu. </p><p>Posebno bogat izvor vitamina D su bukovače i šitake, ali se ovaj vitamin može naći i u šampinjonima u koliko se dovoljno izlože (UV) svetlu. Ubrana pečurka se izlaže svjetlosti na 10 do 15 sati. Nije obavezno da budu direktno na suncu već je dovoljno ostaviti ih u prostoriji, kraj prozora. Dobro bi bilo pritom obezbediti strujanje vazduha koje isušuje vazduh u blizini gljiva, jer u suprotnom može doći do razlaganja bjelančevina, što izaziva kvarenje, propadanje. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gljivarstvo">Gljivarstvo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak "Gljivarstvo"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Gljivarstvo"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Glavni članak: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gljivarstvo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gljivarstvo (stranica ne postoji)">Gljivarstvo</a></div> <p>Gljivarstvo je grana <a href="/wiki/Poljoprivreda" title="Poljoprivreda">poljoprivrede</a> koja se bavi proizvodnjom <a href="/wiki/Gljiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Gljiva">gljiva</a>] pečurki, kako se češće nazivaju gljive koje se koriste u ishrani ili sakupljanje jestivih vrsta za hranu ili zbog zadovoljavanja sopstvene znatiželje. Osobe koje se bave gljivarstvom (gljivari) često se udružuju u gljivarska udruženja. Gljivarstvo ne treba brkati s <a href="/wiki/Mikologija" title="Mikologija">mikologijom</a>, biološkom naukom o gljivama. </p><p>Pojam gljivarstvo obuhvata također i uzgoj gljiva. Zbog jednostavnosti uzgoja uglavnom <a href="/wiki/Saprofitna_ishrana" title="Saprofitna ishrana">saprotrofnih</a> gljiva, najvažnije je imati odgovarajući prostor, supstrat, vlažnost i temperaturu. Najčešće se uzgaja <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ampinjon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šampinjon (stranica ne postoji)">šampinjon</a> (<i>Agaricus biosporus</i>), <a href="/wiki/Bukova%C4%8Da" class="mw-disambig" title="Bukovača">bukovača</a> (<i>Pleurotus ostreatus</i>) i <a href="/wiki/Uvedena_vrsta" title="Uvedena vrsta">uvedena vrsta</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0itake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šitake (stranica ne postoji)">šitake</a> (<i>Lentinula edodes</i>). <a href="/wiki/Mikoriza" title="Mikoriza">Mikorizne gljive</a> teže je uzgajati, jer zahtijevaju povezanost sa živom biljkom. </p><p>Pečurke su značajne i za ljude i mogu biti jestive, uslovno jestive, nejestive , otrovne i smrtno otrovne. Pravila postoje, pa se tako može reći da su vrganji jestivi, osim kada imaju crvene spore ili crvene „oznake“ na dršci (stručku). Ipak, siguran način za razlikovanje ovih grupa ne postoji i mogu ih razlikovati samo stručnjaci. Također, prilikom pripremanja hrane, potrebno je dobro termički obraditi pečurke iz grupe uslovno jestivih, jer se određeni otrovi uništavaju na visokim temperaturama. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Raspoznavanje_gljiva">Raspoznavanje gljiva</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak "Raspoznavanje gljiva"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Raspoznavanje gljiva"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Da bi se sa sigurnošću gljive svrstale i determinirale, što je naročito važno kod branja u prirodi, neophodno je poznavati više značajnijih morfoloških bilježja, odnosno imati odgovore na važna pitanja: </p> <ol><li>Da li rastu pojedinačno, u grupama ili u buketima</li> <li>Koje je im je stanište: drvo, šumska stelja, zemlja i sl.</li> <li>Imaju li klobuk, dršku ili su neodređenog oblika</li> <li>Dimenzije, boja i ivice šešira (narebrane, povijene, rascijepljene i sl.)</li> <li>Da li je plodište – tkivo na kojem se stvaraju spore, sastoje od listića, cjevčica, iglica, vena ili ima glatku površinu.</li> <li>Da li plodno tijelo ima dršku i ako je ima da li je ona centralna ili nije, koje su joj dimenzije, boja i konzistencija, koje su joj karakteristike naličja, da li se i na koji način plodište dodiruje sa drškom.</li> <li>Da li drška ima prsten, suknjicu ili končaste niti, a u njenoj osnovi vrećasti ovoj.</li> <li>Da li je tkivno meso pihtijasto, vlaknasto, zrnasto ili plutasto (drvenasto), kakva mu je boja, miris, ponekad okus, te da li se mijenja boja na presjeku i da li luči bistru ili mliječnu tečnost.</li> <li>Boja otisaka <a href="/wiki/Spora" title="Spora">spora</a>.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Proizvodnja">Proizvodnja</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak "Proizvodnja"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Proizvodnja"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Odavno je uočena pojava da se broj vrsta i ukupna količina samoniklih gljiva u prirodi smanjuje. Uzroci ovog nepovoljnog procesa suu smanjivanju staništa i povećanju antropogenog onečišćena životne sredine, te smnjenju potencijalnih površina za rast gljiva u divljini. Zato se prešlo na vještački uzgoj eftinih gljiva, posebno za siromašniji dio čovečanstva. To ovo je od posebnog značaja, kada se zna da jeftini <a href="/wiki/Protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Protein">proteini</a> iz gljiva mogu u znatnoj mjeri zamijene proteine iz mesa. Potrošnju gljiva povećavaju i bogata društva – osobama koje svakodnevne poslove obavljaju uglavnom sjedeći nisu više potrebne visokokalorične namernice. S druge strane, proizvodnja gljiva doprinosi očuvanju životnog okruženja, jer gajene gljive su jeftinije od samoniklih, što smanjuje pritisak na šume, a proizvodnjom gljiva i velika količina biljnog otpada pretvara se u proteine (panjevi, piljevina, iverje slama i sl). Za ruralna područja u kojima ova vrsta otpada predstavlja problem proizvodnja gljiva mogla bi biti ključ održivog razvoja. </p><p>Proizvodnja pečurki, odnosno plodnih tijela makromiceta, u svijetu danas prelazi 10 miliona tona godišnje, što se sve više povećava. Ukupna vrijednost ove industrije, zajedno sa proizvodnjom za medicinske svrhe i prometom samoniklim gljivama, nadmašuje vrijednost industrije kahve i iznosi više desetina milijardi dolara. Na trpezama i bogatih i siromašnih je sve više različitih vrsta gajenih gljiva. </p><p>Od svih gljiva, se najviše proizvode <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ampinjon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šampinjon (stranica ne postoji)">šampinjoni</a> (<i>Agaricus biosporus</i>, <i>Agaricus storquis</i>) ali se sve više uzgajaju i druge vrste gljiva, najčešće iz roda <i>Pleurotus</i> (<a href="/wiki/Bukova%C4%8Da" class="mw-disambig" title="Bukovača">bukovača</a> i slične vrste). U porastu je i proizvodnja gljive šitake (Ši-take), a u toplijim krajevima se gaji i takozvana gljiva pirančane slame (<i>Volvariella volvacea</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Također_pogledajte"><span id="Tako.C4.91er_pogledajte"></span>Također pogledajte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak "Također pogledajte"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Također pogledajte"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basidiomycota" title="Basidiomycota">Basidiomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascomycota" title="Ascomycota">Ascomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukova%C4%8Da" class="mw-disambig" title="Bukovača">Bukovača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blagva" title="Blagva">Blagva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhara" title="Muhara">Muhara</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak "Reference"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pe%C4%8Durka&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Reference"><span>uredi izvor</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3312388">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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