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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ننوتل</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="شخصي اوزار" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">شخصي اوزار</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ps.wikipedia.org&uselang=ps"><span>مرسته وکړئ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86-%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%93%D9%88%D9%84&returnto=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تاسې ته د يو گڼون د جوړولو او بيا غونډال کې ورننوتلو سپارښتنه کېږي؛ که څه هم چې دا يو اړين کار نه دی"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>گڼون جوړول</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D9%86%D9%86%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84&returnto=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تاسې ته په غونډال کې د ننوتلو سپارښتنه کوو، که څه هم چې دا يو اړين کار نه دی. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ننوتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D8%AF:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%DA%89%DB%90" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ونډې</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>خبرې 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مالومات</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">پټول</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">پیل</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-د_هندوستان_کليمې_ريښه" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#د_هندوستان_کليمې_ريښه"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۱</span> <span>د هندوستان کليمې ريښه</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-د_هندوستان_کليمې_ريښه-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-اوسمهاله_کارونه" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#اوسمهاله_کارونه"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۲</span> <span>اوسمهاله کارونه</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-اوسمهاله_کارونه-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-حکومت" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#حکومت"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۳</span> <span>حکومت</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-حکومت-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-د_هند_جغرافیه" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#د_هند_جغرافیه"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴</span> <span>د هند جغرافیه</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-د_هند_جغرافیه-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle د هند جغرافیه subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-د_هند_جغرافیه-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-وګړي" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#وګړي"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴.۱</span> <span>وګړي</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-وګړي-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-قومونه_او_نسلونه" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#قومونه_او_نسلونه"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴.۲</span> <span>قومونه او نسلونه</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-قومونه_او_نسلونه-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-هندي_ژبه" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#هندي_ژبه"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴.۳</span> <span>هندي ژبه</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-هندي_ژبه-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-کلتور" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#کلتور"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴.۴</span> <span>کلتور</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-کلتور-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-سپورت" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#سپورت"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴.۵</span> <span>سپورت</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-سپورت-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-لوبه_وکړئ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#لوبه_وکړئ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۴.۶</span> <span>لوبه وکړئ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-لوبه_وکړئ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-د_هند_د_خلکو_مذهب" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#د_هند_د_خلکو_مذهب"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۵</span> <span>د هند د خلکو مذهب</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-د_هند_د_خلکو_مذهب-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-اړوندې_پوښتنې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#اړوندې_پوښتنې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۶</span> <span>اړوندې پوښتنې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-اړوندې_پوښتنې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-تړنې" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#تړنې"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">۷</span> <span>تړنې</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-تړنې-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="مالومات" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">هندوستان</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ليکنه په بله ژبه کي وګورئ. دا ليکنه په ۵۷ ژبو کې شتون لري." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">۵۷ ژبې</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هندستان – عربي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هندستان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indost%C3%A1n" title="Indostán – استورياني" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Indostán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="استورياني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan" title="Hindustan – اذربایجاني" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hindustan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="اذربایجاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هیندوستان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هیندوستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Һиндостан ярымутрауы – باشکير" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һиндостан ярымутрауы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="باشکير" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Індастан – بېلاروسي" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Індастан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بېلاروسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Індастан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Індастан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Индостан – بلغاري" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Индостан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاري" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="হিন্দুস্তান – بنگالي" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হিন্দুস্তান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan" title="Hindustan – کټلاني" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hindustan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کټلاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="ХӀиндистан – چيچني" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ХӀиндистан" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="چيچني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindust%C3%A1n" title="Hindustán – چېکي" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hindustán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چېکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Индостан – چوواشي" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Индостан" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="چوواشي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan_(Region)" title="Hindustan (Region) – الماني" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hindustan (Region)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="الماني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Ινδουστάν – یوناني" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ινδουστάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یوناني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan" title="Hindustan – انګليسي" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hindustan" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انګليسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustano" title="Hindustano – اسپرانتو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hindustano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="اسپرانتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indost%C3%A1n" title="Indostán – هسپانوي" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Indostán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="هسپانوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan" title="Hindustan – باسکي" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hindustan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="هندوستان – فارسي" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هندوستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan_(r%C3%A9gion)" title="Hindustan (région) – فرانسوي" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hindustan (région)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindust%C3%A1n" title="Hindustán – ګلېشيايي" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hindustán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ګلېشيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="हिन्दुस्तान – هندي" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हिन्दुस्तान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="هندي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Հինդուստան – آرمينيايي" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հինդուստան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="آرمينيايي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan" title="Hindustan – انډونېزي" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hindustan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انډونېزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan" title="Hindustan – ایټالوي" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Hindustan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ایټالوي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3" title="ヒンドゥスターン – جاپاني" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒンドゥスターン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپاني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ინდოსტანის ნახევარკუნძული – جورجيائي" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინდოსტანის ნახევარკუნძული" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="جورجيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9E%8C%EB%91%90%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84" title="힌두스탄 – کوریایی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="힌두스탄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Индостан жарым аралы – کرغيزي" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Индостан жарым аралы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="کرغيزي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AE%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%96%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ຮິນດູສະຖານ – لاو" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຮິນດູສະຖານ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="لاو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indostanas" title="Indostanas – ليتواني" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Indostanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ليتواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indost%C4%81na" title="Indostāna – لېټواني" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Indostāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لېټواني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="ഹിന്ദുസ്ഥാൻ – مالايالم" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹിന്ദുസ്ഥാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مالايالم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="हिंदुस्तान – مراټهي" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हिंदुस्तान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="مراټهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindoestan_(regio)" title="Hindoestan (regio) – هالېنډي" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hindoestan (regio)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="هالېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8" title="ହିନ୍ଦୁସ୍ତାନ – اوڊيا" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହିନ୍ଦୁସ୍ତାନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="اوڊيا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Индостан – اوسيټک" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Индостан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="اوسيټک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ – پنجابي" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="پنجابي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindust%C3%A3o" title="Hindustão – پورتګالي" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hindustão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پورتګالي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indostan" title="Indostan – رومانیایی" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Indostan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومانیایی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Индостан – روسي" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Индостан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гиндустан – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Гиндустан" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan" title="Hindustan – سکاټس" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hindustan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="سکاټس" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ھندستان – سندهي" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ھندستان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="سندهي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ہندوستان – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ہندوستان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хиндустан – سربيائي" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хиндустан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربيائي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan" title="Hindustan – سویډنی" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hindustan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویډنی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="இந்துஸ்தான் – تامل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இந்துஸ்தான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تامل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ฮินดูสถาน – تايلېنډي" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฮินดูสถาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تايلېنډي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Һинд ярымутравы – تاتار" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Һинд ярымутравы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتار" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Індостан – اوکرايني" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Індостан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="اوکرايني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ہندوستان – اردو" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہندوستان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="اردو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindiston_yarim_oroli" title="Hindiston yarim oroli – اوزبکي" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Hindiston yarim oroli" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="اوزبکي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan" title="Hindustan – وېتنامي" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hindustan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="وېتنامي" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A9%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ინდოსტანიშ ჩქონი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ინდოსტანიშ ჩქონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="印度斯坦 – چیني" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="印度斯坦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چیني" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q853968#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="د ژبو خپلمنځي تړنې سمول" class="wbc-editpage">تړنې سمول</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="نوم-تشيالونه"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="د مخ مېنځپانگه کتل [c]" accesskey="c"><span>مخ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%90:%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="د مخ د مېنځپانگې په اړه خبرې اترې (تر اوسه پورې نه شته) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>خبرې اترې</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">پښتو</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="کتنې"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86"><span>لوستل</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit" title="د دې مخ د سرچينې کوډ سمول [e]" accesskey="e"><span>سمول</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=history" title="د دې مخ پخوانۍ بڼې [h]" accesskey="h"><span>پېښليک کتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="اوزارونه" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">اوزارونه</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">څنګپټې ته ورسئ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">پټول</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86"><span>لوستل</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit" title="د دې مخ د سرچينې کوډ سمول [e]" accesskey="e"><span>سمول</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=history"><span>پېښليک کتل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:WhatLinksHere/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="د ويکي د ټولو هغو مخونو لړليک چې همدې مخ سره تړنې لري [j]" accesskey="j"><span>د دې مخ تړنې</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:RecentChangesLinked/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" rel="nofollow" title="له دې مخ سره د تړل شويو مخونو وروستي بدلونونه [k]" accesskey="k"><span>اړونده بدلونونه</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ps" title="دوتنې پورته کول [u]" accesskey="u"><span>انځور/رسنۍ پورته کول</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%DA%93%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="د ټولو ځانگړو پاڼو لړليک [q]" accesskey="q"><span>ځانگړي مخونه</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&oldid=334647" title="د دې مخ د همدې بڼې تلپاتې تړنه"><span>تلپاتې تړنه</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=info" title="د دې مخ اړونده نور مالومات"><span>د مخ مالومات</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%A9&page=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&id=334647&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="دې مخ ته د اخځ مالومات"><span>د دې مخ اخځ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fps.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D9%2587%25D9%2586%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586"><span>لنډ URL ترلاسه کړئ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fps.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D9%2587%25D9%2586%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586"><span>د QR کوډ يې ډاونلوډ کړئ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> چاپول/صادرول </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86"><span>يو کتاب جوړول</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=show-download-screen"><span>د PDF په بڼه ښکته کول</span></a></li><li id="t-print" 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.entete.water-polo{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Water_polo_pictogram.svg/40px-Water_polo_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}</style><div class="infobox_v3 infobox"><div style="justify-content:center;display:flex;flex-direction:row;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap"><div class="entete" style="background-color:#E1E1E1;color:#000000"><div>هندوستان</div></div><div style="border:unset;padding:unset"><div class="images" style="padding:2px 0"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87:India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg/260px-India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg/390px-India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg/520px-India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="958" /></a></span></div></div><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#E1E1E1;text-align:center;color:#000000">ټوليز مالومات</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">عمومي مالومات</th><td class=""><div> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%87" title="سيمه">سيمه</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853968?uselang=ps#P31" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th scope="row">هېواد</th><td class=""><div> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هند">هند</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853968?uselang=ps#P17" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="display:table-caption;background-color:#E1E1E1;text-align:center;color:#000000">نور مالومات</caption><tbody><tr class=""><th scope="row">کورډي‌نېشن</th><td class=""><div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r316548">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline;unicode-bidi:embed}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=ps&pagename=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&params=20_N_78_E_globe:earth"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="نقشي، هوايي انځورونه، او له دې دريځه نور معلومات"><span class="latitude">۲۰°شمال</span> <span class="longitude">۷۸°ختیځ</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="نقشي، هوايي انځورونه، او له دې دريځه نور معلومات">20°شمال 78°ختيځ</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">20; 78</span></span></span></a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853968?uselang=ps#P625" title="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا"><img alt="ددې ځانګړني سمول پر ویکي‌ډېټا" 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src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,6,20,78,260x260.png?lang=ps&domain=ps.wikipedia.org&title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&revid=334647&groups=_3df9677628ad4b3ba836e8382cafaa1f99dc38c6" width="260" height="260" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,6,20,78,260x260@2x.png?lang=ps&domain=ps.wikipedia.org&title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&revid=334647&groups=_3df9677628ad4b3ba836e8382cafaa1f99dc38c6 2x" alt="Map" /></a><p class="navbar noprint bordered" style="display:block;flex:auto;border-top:2px dotted #E1E1E1;width:100%"><span class="plainlinks" style="background:inherit;text-align:right;font-size:80%"><a class="external text" href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&veaction=edit&section=0">سمول</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=0">سرچینه سمول</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853968" class="extiw" title="d:Q853968">ويکي‌ډېټا سمول</a></span><span style="text-align:left;float:left"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D:%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="لاسوند وګورئ"><img alt="لاسوند وګورئ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/30px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/45px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/60px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></p></div></div><p>   </p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hindoostan_map_1831.jpg/300px-Hindoostan_map_1831.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87:Hindoostan_map_1831.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hindoostan_map_1831.jpg/300px-Hindoostan_map_1831.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="393" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hindoostan_map_1831.jpg/450px-Hindoostan_map_1831.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Hindoostan_map_1831.jpg/599px-Hindoostan_map_1831.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2676" data-file-height="3510" /></a><figcaption> د هند نقشه، ۱۸۳۱</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/1864_Johnson%27s_Map_of_India_%28Hindostan_or_British_India%29_-_Geographicus_-_India-j-64.jpg/300px-1864_Johnson%27s_Map_of_India_%28Hindostan_or_British_India%29_-_Geographicus_-_India-j-64.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%87:1864_Johnson%27s_Map_of_India_(Hindostan_or_British_India)_-_Geographicus_-_India-j-64.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/1864_Johnson%27s_Map_of_India_%28Hindostan_or_British_India%29_-_Geographicus_-_India-j-64.jpg/300px-1864_Johnson%27s_Map_of_India_%28Hindostan_or_British_India%29_-_Geographicus_-_India-j-64.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/1864_Johnson%27s_Map_of_India_%28Hindostan_or_British_India%29_-_Geographicus_-_India-j-64.jpg/450px-1864_Johnson%27s_Map_of_India_%28Hindostan_or_British_India%29_-_Geographicus_-_India-j-64.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/1864_Johnson%27s_Map_of_India_%28Hindostan_or_British_India%29_-_Geographicus_-_India-j-64.jpg/600px-1864_Johnson%27s_Map_of_India_%28Hindostan_or_British_India%29_-_Geographicus_-_India-j-64.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1990" /></a><figcaption> په 1864 <i>کې د هند</i> نقشه؛ دې خاورې ته د هند نوم تطبیق کړو</figcaption></figure> <p><b>هندوستان</b> په عصري پښتو ژبه کې د <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هند">هند</a> د هېواد نوم مترادف دی او معمولا په ورته ډول کارول کیږي. </p><p>هندوستان(<a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="هندي">هندي ژبه</a>: <span lang="hi" dir="rtl"><bdi>हिन्दुस्तान</bdi></span>‎ اوردو : هندوستان Hindustān) د <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هند">هند</a> لپاره یو <a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%93%D8%B3%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" class="mw-redirect" title="پاړسي ژبه">فارسي</a> نوم دی چې د ټول هندي برصغیر لپاره په پراخه مانا کې کارول شوی او وروسته په هندي (هندي-اردو) ژبه کې د اصلي نوم په توګه کارول شوی. <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۲<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Brill_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brill-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۳<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF_%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4" title="د هند وېش">د هند له وېشلو</a> وروسته، دا نوم په پښتو کې د عصري <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هند">هند</a> لپاره د مترادف په توګه او په ځینو اروپایي ژبو کې د هند د تاریخي نوم (د <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هند">هند</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هند">جمهوریت</a> ) په توګه کارول کیږي. <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۴<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Singh2009_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singh2009-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۵<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Everaer2010_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Everaer2010-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۶<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>په دوهمه مانا کې، هندوستان په <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="انګلیسي">انګلیسي</a> او <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="هندي">هندي</a> ژبو کې یوه ځانګړې جغرافیه ده چې په شمالي هند کې د سېند او ګنګا د ځمکو د نومولو لپاره کارول کیږي. <sup id="cite_ref-Hindustan:_Definition_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hindustan:_Definition-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%87" title="آگره">اګره</a> او <a href="/wiki/%DA%89%DB%90%D9%84%D9%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="ډېلي">ډیلي</a> د هندوستان پلازمېنې وې. اکثره د <a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A" title="د مغولو واکمني">ګورکاني / تیموریانو</a> په دوره کې، د دوی خاوره د هندوستان په نوم یادیدله. <sup id="cite_ref-Hindustan:_Definition_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hindustan:_Definition-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۷<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۸<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="د_هندوستان_کليمې_ريښه"><span id=".D8.AF_.D9.87.D9.86.D8.AF.D9.88.D8.B3.D8.AA.D8.A7.D9.86_.DA.A9.D9.84.D9.8A.D9.85.DB.90_.D8.B1.D9.8A.DA.9A.D9.87"></span>د هندوستان کليمې ريښه</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=1" title="د سمولو برخه: د هندوستان کليمې ريښه"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>هندوستان د فارسي کلمه ده. هند د سېند له کلمې څخه اخیستل شوی او "ستان" یا "استان" یا "ایسټ" د سیمې او ځمکې او ځمکې مانا لري. . Old Persian <i>Hinduš</i>. <a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" class="extiw" title="fa:زبان اوستایی">اوستایی ژبه</a> suffix <i><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%80%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" class="extiw" title="fa:ـستان">-stān</a></i> (cognate to Sanskrit "sthān", = "place" </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="اوسمهاله_کارونه"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.88.D8.B3.D9.85.D9.87.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.87_.DA.A9.D8.A7.D8.B1.D9.88.D9.86.D9.87"></span>اوسمهاله کارونه</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=2" title="د سمولو برخه: اوسمهاله کارونه"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>نن ورځ په پاکستان، ایران، <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افغانستان">افغانستان</a> او د پخواني <a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="شوروي اتحاد">شوروي</a> په ځینو جمهوریتونو کې د <a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هند">هند</a> جمهوریت هندوستان هم بلل کیږي. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="حکومت"><span id=".D8.AD.DA.A9.D9.88.D9.85.D8.AA"></span>حکومت</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=3" title="د سمولو برخه: حکومت"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>د هند حکومت یو فدرالي جمهوریت دی چې د 25 ایالتونو څخه هر یو یې خپله مقننه قوه لري. </p><p>فدرالي پارلمان دوه خونې لري. یو یې د ايالتي جرګه (راجیه سبا) ده چې 250 غړي لري، چې 12 یې د ولسمشر له خوا ټاکل کیږي او 238 یې د ایالتي جرګو له خوا ټاکل کیږي. </p><p>د دې شورا یو پر درېمه برخه په هرو دوو کلونو کې تقاعد کیږي. بل پارلمان د خلکو پارلمان دی چې 542 غړي یې د ټولو لویانو په رایو د پنځو کلونو لپاره ټاکل کیږي او دوه غړي یې انتصابي ټاکل کیږي. </p><p>ولسمشر - چې د دندې موده یې پنځه کاله ده - د یوې ټاکنیزې ادارې له خوا ټاکل کیږي چې د فدرالي پارلمان او ایالتي مجلسونو څخه جوړه ده. </p><p>ولسمشر لومړی وزیر ټاکي - چې د پارلمان اکثریت ملاتړ لري - او د وزیرانو شورا چې دواړه پارلمان ته ځواب ویونکي دي. </p><p>مهم سیاسي ګوندونه دي: </p><p>د کانګرېس ګوند (I) • جناتادال (د خلکو ګوند) • بهارتیا جنتا ګوند (د هند د خلکو ګوند؛ ښي اړخه هندو) • د هند کمونیسټ ګوند – مارکسیست • د هند کمونست ګوند او یو شمېر سیمه يیزې ډلې. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="د_هند_جغرافیه"><span id=".D8.AF_.D9.87.D9.86.D8.AF_.D8.AC.D8.BA.D8.B1.D8.A7.D9.81.DB.8C.D9.87"></span>د هند جغرافیه</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=4" title="د سمولو برخه: د هند جغرافیه"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>په تاریخي توګه، د ګنګا میدان او د لوېدیځې همالیا او د یامونا سیند لاندې د هند په نوم یادیږي. <sup id="cite_ref-brit_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۹<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-amzn-brothers_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amzn-brothers-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>۱۰<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> نن ورځ، د هند کلمه د هند په ملي سرود او پوځي سندرو کې د وطن پالنې لپاره کارول کیږي. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="وګړي"><span id=".D9.88.DA.AB.DA.93.D9.8A"></span>وګړي</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=5" title="د سمولو برخه: وګړي"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>نن ورځ، د هند خلک د هندوستان په نامه یادیږي، پرته له دې چې دوی په کومه جغرافیه کې وي. هندي ژبه، چې تقریباً <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" class="mw-redirect" title="اوردو ژبه">اردو</a> ته ورته ده، هندۍ ژبه ویل کیږي. د هندي خلکو یو له خورا مشهور شخصیت <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7_%DA%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="مهاتا ګاندي">مهاتما ګاندي</a> دی. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="قومونه_او_نسلونه"><span id=".D9.82.D9.88.D9.85.D9.88.D9.86.D9.87_.D8.A7.D9.88_.D9.86.D8.B3.D9.84.D9.88.D9.86.D9.87"></span>قومونه او نسلونه</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=6" title="د سمولو برخه: قومونه او نسلونه"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="هندي_ژبه"><span id=".D9.87.D9.86.D8.AF.D9.8A_.DA.98.D8.A8.D9.87"></span>هندي ژبه</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=7" title="د سمولو برخه: هندي ژبه"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>دا له کریبولوی، اردو او سنسکرت څخه اخیستل شوی او د ډیلی، اترپردېش، اتراکنډ او بهار ایالتونو رسمی ژبه ده. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="کلتور"><span id=".DA.A9.D9.84.D8.AA.D9.88.D8.B1"></span>کلتور</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=8" title="د سمولو برخه: کلتور"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>هندی کلتور په هند کې ډېر مشهور دی، د بالیووډ فلمونه د هندی کلتور او ژبه څرګندوی. هند ۷۲ پېژندل شوي ملتونه لري او هند د ۷۲ ملتونو هېواد بلل کېږي. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="سپورت"><span id=".D8.B3.D9.BE.D9.88.D8.B1.D8.AA"></span>سپورت</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=9" title="د سمولو برخه: سپورت"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>د نړۍ تر ټولو لوی او پراخ <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%BC" title="کريکټ">کرکټ</a> میدان په ۱۸۹۳ کال کې په هند کې جوړ شوی، چې د هماچل پردیش ایالت په چیل ښار کې موقعیت لري او د سمندر له سطحې ۲۴۴۴ متره لوړوالی لري. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="لوبه_وکړئ"><span id=".D9.84.D9.88.D8.A8.D9.87_.D9.88.DA.A9.DA.93.D8.A6"></span>لوبه وکړئ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=10" title="د سمولو برخه: لوبه وکړئ"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>د مار او زینې لوبه په هند کې رامنځته شوه چې اصلي نوم یې مخیت دی. زینې خدای ته د رسیدو لاره بلل کیږي او ماران هم په دې لاره کې د انساني خطا په توګه پیژندل کیږي. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="سترنج">شطرنج</a> یوه له هندي لوبو څخه ده. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="د_هند_د_خلکو_مذهب"><span id=".D8.AF_.D9.87.D9.86.D8.AF_.D8.AF_.D8.AE.D9.84.DA.A9.D9.88_.D9.85.D8.B0.D9.87.D8.A8"></span>د هند د خلکو مذهب</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=11" title="د سمولو برخه: د هند د خلکو مذهب"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>هندوان ، <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%85" title="بوديزم">بودایان</a> ، مسلمانان ، عیسویان ، یهودیان ، سیکان ، <a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زرتشتیان">زردشتیان</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="اړوندې_پوښتنې"><span id=".D8.A7.DA.93.D9.88.D9.86.D8.AF.DB.90_.D9.BE.D9.88.DA.9A.D8.AA.D9.86.DB.90"></span>اړوندې پوښتنې</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=12" title="د سمولو برخه: اړوندې پوښتنې"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="هندي">هندي ژبه</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF" title="هند">هند</a></li> <li>هندوستان او پښتان</li> <li>په هند کې د پښتنو واکمني</li> <li>پښتانه هندي واکمن</li> <li>لوديان</li> <li>سوريان</li> <li>خلجيان</li> <li>هندي ژبه او پښتو ادب</li> <li>هنديان او پښتو ژبه</li> <li>په هند کې مېشت پښتانه او پښتو ژبه</li> <li>پښتو څنګه پښتنو پرېښوده</li> <li>ايا هندي پښتانه اوس هم پښتو غږېدلای شي</li> <li>هند مېشتي پښتانه</li> <li>په هند کې فارسي ادب</li> <li>د هند په نیمه وچه کې ایراني سندرغاړي</li> <li>د هند پارسيان</li> <li>په هند کې د ښارونو لیست</li> <li>د نفوس له مخې د هند د ایالتونو او ملي سیمو لیست</li> <li>په هند کې د سیاسي ګوندونو لیست</li> <li>د هند د ولسمشرانو لیست</li> <li>په هند کې د ښارونو لیست</li> <li>په هند کې د ورځپاڼو نومونه</li> <li>د هند لومړي وزیران</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="د هندوستان اقتصاد">د هند اقتصاد</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AF_%D9%87%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شانگهای د همکاريو سازمان">د شانګهای د همکارۍ سازمان</a></li> <li>په هند کې فارسي ادب</li> <li>د هند په نیمه وچه کې ایراني سندرغاړي</li> <li>د ایران او هند اړیکې</li> <li>په کشمیر کې فارسي ژبه</li> <li>د فارسي ریښو سره د عربي کلمو لیست</li> <li>د هند په نیمه وچه کې فارسي ژبه</li> <li>په هند کې د فارسي ژبې قاموس</li></ul> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="column-width: ۲; -moz-column-width: ۲; -webkit-column-width: ۲; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r262776">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFGoel2018" class="citation journal cs1">Goel, Koeli Moitra (2 March 2018). "In Other Spaces: Contestations of National Identity in "New" India's Globalized Mediascapes". <i>Journalism & Communication Monographs</i>. <b>20</b> (1): 4–73. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%85%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%86%DA%9A%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="څيز برېښنايي نښه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1522637917750131">10.1177/1522637917750131</a>. <q>“Hindustan,” or the land of the Hindus, is another Hindi name for India.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journalism+%26+Communication+Monographs&rft.atitle=In+Other+Spaces%3A+Contestations+of+National+Identity+in+%E2%80%9CNew%E2%80%9D+India%E2%80%99s+Globalized+Mediascapes&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=4-73&rft.date=2018-03-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F1522637917750131&rft.aulast=Goel&rft.aufirst=Koeli+Moitra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFMukherjee,_The_Foreign_Names_of_the_Indian_Subcontinent1989">Mukherjee, The Foreign Names of the Indian Subcontinent 1989</a>، م. 46): "They used the name <i>Hindustan</i> for India Intra Gangem or taking the latter expression rather loosely for the Indian subcontinent proper. The term <i>Hindustan</i>, which in the "Naqsh-i-Rustam" inscription of Shapur I denoted India on the lower Indus, and which later gradually began to denote more or less the whole of the subcontinent, was used by some of the European authors concerned as a part of bigger India. Hindustan was of course a well-known name for the subcontinent used in India and outside in medieval times."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brill-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Brill_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>The Encyclopedia of Islam, Volume III (H–IRAM)</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Islam%2C+Volume+III+%28H%E2%80%93IRAM%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation cs2">"Sindh: An Introduction", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020050542/http://www.usindh.edu.pk/shaikh_ayaz_conf_07/sindh.html"><i>Shaikh Ayaz International Conference – Language & Literature</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usindh.edu.pk/shaikh_ayaz_conf_07/sindh.html">the original</a> on 20 October 2007</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sindh%3A+An+Introduction&rft.btitle=Shaikh+Ayaz+International+Conference+%E2%80%93+Language+%26+Literature&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usindh.edu.pk%2Fshaikh_ayaz_conf_07%2Fsindh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Singh2009-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Singh2009_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFSarina_Singh2009" class="citation book cs1">Sarina Singh (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=vK88ktao7pIC&pg=PA276&dq=hindustan+zindabad&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vyjPT6m1OsXHrQf70P2hDA&ved=0CGUQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=hindustan%20zindabad&f=false"><i>Lonely Planet India</i></a> (13, illustrated ed.). Lonely Planet. p. 276. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/978-1-74179-151-8" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/978-1-74179-151-8 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>978-1-74179-151-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lonely+Planet+India&rft.pages=276&rft.edition=13%2C+illustrated&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-74179-151-8&rft.au=Sarina+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.pk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvK88ktao7pIC%26pg%3DPA276%26dq%3Dhindustan%2Bzindabad%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DvyjPT6m1OsXHrQf70P2hDA%26ved%3D0CGUQ6AEwCQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dhindustan%2520zindabad%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Everaer2010-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Everaer2010_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFChristine_Everaer2010" class="citation book cs1">Christine Everaer (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=LqZ-6QRKc7wC&pg=PA82&dq=hindustan+zindabad&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vyjPT6m1OsXHrQf70P2hDA&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=hindustan%20zindabad&f=false"><i>Tracing the Boundaries Between Hindi and Urdu: Lost and Added in Translation Between 20th Century Short Stories</i></a> (annotated ed.). BRILL. p. 82. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%86%DA%93%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="د کتاب نړيوال ستندرد شمېره (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%DB%90/9789004177314" class="new" title="ځانگړی:کتاب سرچينې/9789004177314 (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)"><bdi>9789004177314</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tracing+the+Boundaries+Between+Hindi+and+Urdu%3A+Lost+and+Added+in+Translation+Between+20th+Century+Short+Stories&rft.pages=82&rft.edition=annotated&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9789004177314&rft.au=Christine+Everaer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.pk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLqZ-6QRKc7wC%26pg%3DPA82%26dq%3Dhindustan%2Bzindabad%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DvyjPT6m1OsXHrQf70P2hDA%26ved%3D0CDQQ6AEwAQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dhindustan%2520zindabad%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hindustan:_Definition-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Hindustan:_Definition_7-0">۷٫۰</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Hindustan:_Definition_7-1">۷٫۱</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Hindustan">"Hindustan: Definition"</a>. Thefreedictionary.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">2012-05-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hindustan%3A+Definition&rft.pub=Thefreedictionary.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreedictionary.com%2FHindustan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usindh.edu.pk/shaikh_ayaz_conf_07/sindh.html">Sindh: An Introduction</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020050542/http://www.usindh.edu.pk/shaikh_ayaz_conf_07/sindh.html">Archived</a> 20 October 2007 at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wayback_Machine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wayback Machine (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brit-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-brit_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9040520/Hindustan">"Hindustan"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="دانشنامه بریتانیکا (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>, Inc. 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. نه اخيستل شوی <span class="nowrap">2007-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hindustan&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9040520%2FHindustan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-amzn-brothers-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-amzn-brothers_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r262776"><cite id="CITEREFLeonard_A._Gordon1990" class="citation book cs1">Leonard A. Gordon (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/Brothers-Against-Raj-Leonard-Gordon/dp/0231074433"><i>Brothers Against the Raj</i></a>. Columbia University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Brothers+Against+the+Raj&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.au=Leonard+A.+Gordon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FBrothers-Against-Raj-Leonard-Gordon%2Fdp%2F0231074433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fps.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="تړنې"><span id=".D8.AA.DA.93.D9.86.DB.90"></span>تړنې</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86&action=edit&section=13" title="د سمولو برخه: تړنې"><span>سمول</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>د هند د تاریخ یوه خاکه چې د مسلمانانو د لومړۍ فتحې څخه د مغل امپراتورۍ تر سقوط پورې د</i> HG Keene لخوا. ( <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/pss/546854">هندوستان</a> د انګلیسي تاریخي بیاکتنه، ټوک 2، شمیره 5 (جنوري، 1887)، مخونه 180-181. )</li> <li><i>د زمانې په اوږدو کې د هند کیسه؛ د هندوستان په زړه پورې تاریخ، د بغاوت د ماتولو لپاره</i> ، د فلورا ایني سټیل لخوا، 1909 EP ډوټن او شرکت. ، نیو یارک. (لکه څنګه چې د نیویارک ټایمز لخوا وړاندیز شوی؛ د <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9D00E5D91439E733A25753C2A9649C946897D6CF">فلورا ایني سټیل</a> کتاب بیاکتنه، د فبروري 20، 1909، نیویارک ټایمز . )</li> <li><i>د هندوستان تاریخ: پوسټ کلاسیک او ماډرن</i> ، ایډ. بی ایس ډینیا او الکساندر ډاؤ. 2003، موتی لال بنارسیداس، ISBN 1993-4-208-81 (د هندوستان تاریخ (لومړی چاپ: ۱۷۷۲-۱۷۷۰). داو د خپل پلار په ځای د مغل امپراتور <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="اورنگزیب عالمگیر">اورنګ زیب</a> د خصوصي سکرتر په توګه وټاکل شو. )</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=هندوستان&oldid=334647">https://ps.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=هندوستان&oldid=334647</a>" نه اخيستل شوی</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%DA%81%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%93%DB%8C:%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%DB%90" title="ځانگړی:وېشنيزې">وېشنيزې</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87:%D8%AF_%D9%88%DB%90%D8%A8%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%BC%D9%8A%D8%B2%DB%90_%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%86%DA%89%DB%8D_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%9A%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="وېشنيزه:د وېبپاڼيزې کينډۍ لارښوونيز لینکونه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">د وېبپاڼيزې کينډۍ لارښوونيز لینکونه</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87:%D9%87%D8%BA%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%BC%DB%90_%DA%86%D9%8A_%D8%A8%DB%90_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%B3_%DA%A9%DB%90%D9%BC_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="وېشنيزه:هغه پاڼې چي بې پاراميټره مالوماتبکس کېټ کاروي (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">هغه پاڼې چي بې پاراميټره مالوماتبکس کېټ کاروي</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87:%D9%87%D8%BA%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%BC%DB%90_%DA%86%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%B3_%DA%A9%DB%90%D9%BC_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="وېشنيزه:هغه پاڼې چي مالوماتبکس کېټ کاروي (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">هغه پاڼې چي مالوماتبکس کېټ کاروي</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87:%D9%84%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%90_%DA%86%DB%90_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%8A_%D9%BE%D9%87_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="وېشنيزه:ليکنې چې ويوکي په هندي (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">ليکنې چې ويوکي په هندي</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87:%D8%AF_%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%98%D8%A8%DB%90" title="وېشنيزه:د پاکستان ژبې">د پاکستان ژبې</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87:%D8%AF_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87" title="وېشنيزه:د هند جغرافيه">د هند جغرافيه</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%88%DB%90%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%87:%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="وېشنيزه:هندي ژبه (تر اوسه پورې نه شته)">هندي ژبه</a></li><li><a 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