CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Ezekiel 27:13 Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants. They exchanged slaves and bronze utensils for your merchandise.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/ezekiel/27-13.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/3/26_Ezk_27_13.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Ezekiel 27:13 - A Lament for Tyre" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants. They exchanged slaves and bronze utensils for your merchandise." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/ezekiel/27-13.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/ezekiel/27-13.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/ezekiel/">Ezekiel</a> > <a href="/ezekiel/27.htm">Chapter 27</a> > Verse 13</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad13.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/ezekiel/27-12.htm" title="Ezekiel 27:12">◄</a> Ezekiel 27:13 <a href="/ezekiel/27-14.htm" title="Ezekiel 27:14">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/ezekiel/27.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/ezekiel/27.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />&#8220&#8217Greece, Tubal and Meshek did business with you; they traded human beings and articles of bronze for your wares.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/ezekiel/27.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Merchants from Greece, Tubal, and Meshech brought slaves and articles of bronze to trade with you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/ezekiel/27.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech traded with you; they exchanged human beings and vessels of bronze for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/ezekiel/27.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants. They exchanged slaves and bronze utensils for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/ezekiel/27.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they <i>were</i> thy merchants: they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass in thy market.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/ezekiel/27.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech <i>were</i> your traders. They bartered human lives and vessels of bronze for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/ezekiel/27.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were your traders; with human lives and vessels of bronze they paid for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/ezekiel/27.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />&#8220Javan, Tubal and Meshech, they were your traders; with the lives of men and vessels of bronze they paid for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/ezekiel/27.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />“Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were your traders; with the lives of men and vessels of bronze they paid for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/ezekiel/27.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were your traders; with the lives of men and vessels of bronze they paid for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/ezekiel/27.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Javan (Greece), Tubal and Meshech (Asia Minor) traded with you; with the lives of men [taken as slaves] and vessels of bronze they paid for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/ezekiel/27.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants. They exchanged slaves and bronze utensils for your goods.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/ezekiel/27.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants. They exchanged slaves and bronze utensils for your goods. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/ezekiel/27.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy traffickers; they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass for thy merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/ezekiel/27.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />The people of Greece, Tubal, and Meshech traded slaves and things made of bronze, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/ezekiel/27.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy traffickers: they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass for thy merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/ezekiel/27.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />People from Greece, Tubal, and Meshech traded with you. They exchanged slaves and bronze items for your goods.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/ezekiel/27.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />You did business in Greece, Tubal, and Meshech and traded your goods for slaves and for articles of bronze. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/ezekiel/27.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Greece, Tubal, and Meshech bartered with you, exchanging slaves and bronze vessels for your wares. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/ezekiel/27.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants. They exchanged slaves and bronze utensils for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/ezekiel/27.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your clients; they exchanged slaves and bronze items for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/ezekiel/27.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were your traffickers; they traded the persons of men and vessels of bronze for your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/ezekiel/27.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy merchants: they traded in the persons of men and vessels of brass in thy market.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/ezekiel/27.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />“‘“Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your traders. They traded the persons of men and vessels of bronze for your merchandise. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/ezekiel/27.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech—they [are] your merchants, "" They have given [the] soul of man, and vessels of bronze, [for] your merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/ezekiel/27.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> Javan, Tubal, and Meshech -- they are thy merchants, For persons of men, and vessels of brass, They have given out thy merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/ezekiel/27.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal and Meshech, they thy merchants: they gave from thy traffic in the soul of man, and vessels of brass.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/ezekiel/27.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />Greece, Thubal, and Mosoch, they were thy merchants: they brought to thy people slaves and vessels of brass. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/ezekiel/27.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />Greece, Tubal, and Meshech, these were your peddlers; they traveled to your people with slaves and with brass vessels.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/ezekiel/27.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech also traded with you, Exchanging slaves and bronze vessels for your merchandise. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/ezekiel/27.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech traded with you; they exchanged human beings and vessels of bronze for your merchandise.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/ezekiel/27.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants; they traded with you in slaves and vessels of brass in your markets.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/ezekiel/27.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />Yavan and Tubil and Meshek, your Merchants in the lives of the children of men, and vessels of brass<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/ezekiel/27.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were thy traffickers; they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass for thy merchandise.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/ezekiel/27.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />Greece, both the whole <i>world</i>, and the adjacent coasts, these traded with thee in the persons of men, and they gave <i>as</i> thy merchandise vessels of brass.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/vET3Gmwku4s?start=7775" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/ezekiel/27.htm">A Lament for Tyre</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">12</span>Tarshish was your merchant because of your great wealth of goods; they exchanged silver, iron, tin, and lead for your wares. <span class="reftext">13</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/3120.htm" title="3120: yā·wān (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Japheth, also his desc. and their land. ">Javan,</a> <a href="/hebrew/8422.htm" title="8422: tu·ḇal (N-proper-fs) -- Or Tubal; probably of foreign derivation; Tubal, a postdiluvian patriarch and his posterity.">Tubal,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4902.htm" title="4902: wā·me·šeḵ (Conj-w:: N-proper-ms) -- The same in form as meshek, but probably of foreign derivation; Meshek, a son of Japheth, and the people descended from him.">and Meshech</a> <a href="/hebrew/1992.htm" title="1992: hêm·māh (Pro-3mp) -- They. Or hemmah; masculine plural from halak; they."></a> <a href="/hebrew/7402.htm" title="7402: rō·ḵə·lā·yiḵ (V-Qal-Prtcpl-mpc:: 2fs) -- Probably to go about. A primitive root; to travel for trading.">were your merchants.</a> <a href="/hebrew/5414.htm" title="5414: nā·ṯə·nū (V-Qal-Perf-3cp) -- To give, put, set. A primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of application.">They exchanged</a> <a href="/hebrew/5315.htm" title="5315: bə·ne·p̄eš (Prep-b:: N-fsc) -- From naphash; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. Animal of vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense.">slaves</a> <a href="/hebrew/120.htm" title="120: ’ā·ḏām (N-ms) -- Man, mankind. From 'adam; ruddy i.e. A human being."></a> <a href="/hebrew/5178.htm" title="5178: nə·ḥō·šeṯ (N-fs) -- Copper, bronze. For nchuwshah; copper, hence, something made of that metal, i.e. Coin, a fetter; figuratively, base.">and bronze</a> <a href="/hebrew/3627.htm" title="3627: ū·ḵə·lê (Conj-w:: N-mpc) -- An article, utensil, vessel. From kalah; something prepared, i.e. Any apparatus.">utensils</a> <a href="/hebrew/4627.htm" title="4627: ma·‘ă·rā·ḇêḵ (N-msc:: 2fs) -- Articles of exchange, merchandise. From arab, in the sense of trading; traffic; by implication, mercantile goods.">for your merchandise.</a> </span><span class="reftext">14</span>The men of Beth-togarmah exchanged horses, war horses, and mules for your wares.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/66-19.htm">Isaiah 66:19</a></span><br />I will establish a sign among them, and I will send survivors from among them to the nations—to Tarshish, Put, and the archers of Lud; to Tubal, Javan, and the islands far away who have not heard of My fame or seen My glory. So they will proclaim My glory among the nations.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/joel/3-6.htm">Joel 3:6</a></span><br />You sold the people of Judah and Jerusalem to the Greeks, to send them far from their homeland.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/amos/1-9.htm">Amos 1:9</a></span><br />This is what the LORD says: “For three transgressions of Tyre, even four, I will not revoke My judgment, because they delivered up a whole congregation of exiles to Edom and broke a covenant of brotherhood.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/18-11.htm">Revelation 18:11-13</a></span><br />And the merchants of the earth will weep and mourn over her, because there is no one left to buy their cargo— / cargo of gold, silver, precious stones, and pearls; of fine linen, purple, silk, and scarlet; of all kinds of citron wood and every article of ivory, precious wood, bronze, iron, and marble; / of cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, and frankincense; of wine, olive oil, fine flour, and wheat; of cattle, sheep, horses, and carriages; of bodies and souls of slaves.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/60-9.htm">Isaiah 60:9</a></span><br />Surely the islands will wait for Me, with the ships of Tarshish in the lead, to bring your children from afar, with their silver and gold, to the honor of the LORD your God, the Holy One of Israel, for He has glorified you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/27-3.htm">Jeremiah 27:3</a></span><br />Send word to the kings of Edom, Moab, Ammon, Tyre, and Sidon through the envoys who have come to Jerusalem to Zedekiah king of Judah.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/10-2.htm">Genesis 10:2-5</a></span><br />The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras. / The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah. / And the sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittites, and the Rodanites. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/10-22.htm">1 Kings 10:22</a></span><br />For the king had the ships of Tarshish at sea with Hiram’s fleet, and once every three years the ships of Tarshish would arrive bearing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/9-21.htm">2 Chronicles 9:21</a></span><br />For the king had the ships of Tarshish that went with Hiram’s servants, and once every three years the ships of Tarshish would arrive bearing gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/23-1.htm">Isaiah 23:1-18</a></span><br />This is the burden against Tyre: Wail, O ships of Tarshish, for Tyre is laid waste, without house or harbor. Word has reached them from the land of Cyprus. / Be silent, O dwellers of the coastland, you merchants of Sidon, whose traders have crossed the sea. / On the great waters came the grain of Shihor; the harvest of the Nile was the revenue of Tyre; she was the merchant of the nations. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/38-1.htm">Ezekiel 38:1-6</a></span><br />And the word of the LORD came to me, saying, / “Son of man, set your face against Gog of the land of Magog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. Prophesy against him / and declare that this is what the Lord GOD says: Behold, I am against you, O Gog, chief prince of Meshech and Tubal. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/revelation/18-15.htm">Revelation 18:15-17</a></span><br />The merchants who sold these things and gained their wealth from her will stand at a distance, in fear of her torment. They will weep and mourn, / saying: “Woe, woe to the great city, clothed in fine linen and purple and scarlet, adorned with gold and precious stones and pearls! / For in a single hour such fabulous wealth has been destroyed!” Every shipmaster, passenger, and sailor, and all who make their living from the sea, will stand at a distance<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/2-16.htm">Isaiah 2:16</a></span><br />against every ship of Tarshish, and against every stately vessel.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/10-9.htm">Jeremiah 10:9</a></span><br />Hammered silver is brought from Tarshish, and gold from Uphaz—the work of a craftsman from the hands of a goldsmith. Their clothes are blue and purple, all fashioned by skilled workers.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/32-26.htm">Ezekiel 32:26</a></span><br />Meshech and Tubal are there with all their multitudes, with their graves all around them. All of them are uncircumcised, slain by the sword, because they spread their terror in the land of the living.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">Javan, Tubal, and Meshech, they were your merchants: they traded the persons of men and vessels of brass in your market.</p><p class="hdg">Javan</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/10-2.htm">Genesis 10:2,4</a></b></br> The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_chronicles/1-5.htm">1 Chronicles 1:5,7</a></b></br> The sons of Japheth; Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech, and Tiras… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/66-19.htm">Isaiah 66:19</a></b></br> And I will set a sign among them, and I will send those that escape of them unto the nations, <i>to</i> Tarshish, Pul, and Lud, that draw the bow, <i>to</i> Tubal, and Javan, <i>to</i> the isles afar off, that have not heard my fame, neither have seen my glory; and they shall declare my glory among the Gentiles.</p><p class="hdg">Tubal</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/ezekiel/32-26.htm">Ezekiel 32:26</a></b></br> There <i>is</i> Meshech, Tubal, and all her multitude: her graves <i>are</i> round about him: all of them uncircumcised, slain by the sword, though they caused their terror in the land of the living.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/ezekiel/38-2.htm">Ezekiel 38:2,3</a></b></br> Son of man, set thy face against Gog, the land of Magog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal, and prophesy against him, … </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/ezekiel/39-1.htm">Ezekiel 39:1</a></b></br> Therefore, thou son of man, prophesy against Gog, and say, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I <i>am</i> against thee, O Gog, the chief prince of Meshech and Tubal:</p><p class="hdg">the persons</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/joel/3-3.htm">Joel 3:3</a></b></br> And they have cast lots for my people; and have given a boy for an harlot, and sold a girl for wine, that they might drink.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/revelation/18-13.htm">Revelation 18:13</a></b></br> And cinnamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men.</p><p class="hdg">market.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/jeremiah/28-3.htm">Articles</a> <a href="/ezekiel/24-11.htm">Brass</a> <a href="/ezekiel/24-11.htm">Bronze</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-12.htm">Exchanged</a> <a href="/1_thessalonians/1-8.htm">Greece</a> <a href="/isaiah/66-19.htm">Javan</a> <a href="/isaiah/23-3.htm">Market</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-9.htm">Merchandise</a> <a href="/ezekiel/17-4.htm">Merchants</a> <a href="/psalms/120-5.htm">Meshech</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-12.htm">Paid</a> <a href="/ezekiel/17-17.htm">Persons</a> <a href="/lamentations/5-8.htm">Slaves</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-12.htm">Traded</a> <a href="/ezekiel/17-4.htm">Traders</a> <a href="/isaiah/23-8.htm">Traffickers</a> <a href="/isaiah/66-19.htm">Tubal</a> <a href="/ezekiel/12-4.htm">Vessels</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-12.htm">Wares</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/daniel/1-2.htm">Articles</a> <a href="/ezekiel/40-3.htm">Brass</a> <a href="/ezekiel/40-3.htm">Bronze</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-14.htm">Exchanged</a> <a href="/daniel/8-21.htm">Greece</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-19.htm">Javan</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-15.htm">Market</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-14.htm">Merchandise</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-15.htm">Merchants</a> <a href="/ezekiel/32-26.htm">Meshech</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-16.htm">Paid</a> <a href="/amos/6-9.htm">Persons</a> <a href="/ezekiel/34-27.htm">Slaves</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-14.htm">Traded</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-15.htm">Traders</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-15.htm">Traffickers</a> <a href="/ezekiel/32-26.htm">Tubal</a> <a href="/daniel/1-2.htm">Vessels</a> <a href="/ezekiel/27-14.htm">Wares</a><div class="vheading2">Ezekiel 27</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/ezekiel/27-1.htm">The riches and commerce of Tyrus</a></span><br><span class="reftext">26. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/ezekiel/27-26.htm">The great and irrecoverable fall thereof</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/ezekiel/27.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/ezekiel/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/ezekiel/27.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your merchants.</b><br>Javan is often identified with the ancient Greeks, specifically the Ionians, who were known for their seafaring and trade. Tubal and Meshech are typically associated with regions in Asia Minor, possibly modern-day Turkey. These names are also mentioned in <a href="/genesis/10.htm">Genesis 10</a> as descendants of Japheth, indicating their role in the spread of nations after the flood. The mention of these groups highlights the extensive trade network of Tyre, a powerful Phoenician city known for its commerce and wealth. This network extended across the Mediterranean and into Asia, showcasing Tyre's influence and the interconnectedness of ancient civilizations.<p><b>They exchanged slaves and bronze utensils for your merchandise.</b><br>The trade of slaves was a common practice in the ancient world, and Tyre was a central hub for such exchanges. This reflects the harsh realities of ancient economies where human lives were often commodified. The mention of bronze utensils indicates the value placed on metalwork, which was a significant aspect of trade during this period. Bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, was used for various tools, weapons, and decorative items, signifying technological advancement and the demand for durable goods. This trade in slaves and bronze underscores the material wealth and moral complexities of Tyre's commercial empire.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/j/javan.htm">Javan</a></b><br>Refers to the ancient Greeks, often associated with the Ionian Greeks. In the context of Ezekiel, Javan represents a trading partner of Tyre, known for its maritime commerce.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/t/tubal.htm">Tubal</a></b><br>An ancient people located in what is now modern-day Turkey. Tubal was known for trading in metals and slaves, contributing to the wealth of Tyre.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/m/meshech.htm">Meshech</a></b><br>Another ancient people, often linked with Tubal, also located in the region of modern-day Turkey. Meshech was involved in trade, particularly in slaves and metal goods.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/t/tyre.htm">Tyre</a></b><br>A significant ancient Phoenician city known for its wealth and extensive trade networks. Tyre's prosperity was largely due to its strategic location and its ability to engage in commerce with various nations.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/trade_of_slaves_and_bronze_utensils.htm">Trade of Slaves and Bronze Utensils</a></b><br>This highlights the nature of commerce in ancient times, where human lives were commodified alongside goods like bronze, indicating the moral and ethical issues present in such trade practices.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_transience_of_wealth.htm">The Transience of Wealth</a></b><br>The prosperity of Tyre, built on trade, including unethical practices, serves as a reminder of the fleeting nature of material wealth. Christians are encouraged to focus on eternal treasures rather than temporal riches.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/e/ethical_considerations_in_commerce.htm">Ethical Considerations in Commerce</a></b><br>The mention of slave trade in <a href="/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13</a> challenges believers to consider the ethical implications of their business practices. Christians are called to uphold justice and righteousness in all their dealings.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_over_nations.htm">God's Sovereignty Over Nations</a></b><br>The involvement of various nations in Tyre's trade network illustrates God's sovereignty over the affairs of nations. Believers can trust that God is in control, even in complex global interactions.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_historical_context.htm">The Importance of Historical Context</a></b><br>Understanding the historical and cultural context of biblical passages enriches our comprehension of Scripture. Studying the backgrounds of Javan, Tubal, and Meshech helps illuminate the broader account of God's dealings with humanity.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_ezekiel_27.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Ezekiel 27</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/does_ezekiel_27's_tarshish_match_history.htm">Does the mention of Tarshish and other distant lands in Ezekiel 27 align with known ancient geography and historical records?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/who_were_meshech_and_tubal.htm">Who were Meshech and Tubal in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_is_the_philippi_church_important.htm">Who were Meshech and Tubal in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_mention_meshek_and_kedar_in_psalm_120_5.htm">Psalm 120:5 – Why does the psalmist mention living in Meshek and among Kedar if there is limited historical or geographical data to support this claim? </a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/ezekiel/27.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(13) <span class= "bld">Javan, Tubal, and Meshech.--</span>Javan is strictly Ionia, more generally Greece. Tubal and Meshech are the classic <span class= "ital">Tibareni</span> and <span class= "ital">Moschi,</span> between the Black and Caspian Seas. They were famous for dealing in slaves and in brass, or rather copper, of which their mountains still contain abundant supplies.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/ezekiel/27.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 13.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Javan</span> (father of Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim, and son of Japheth, <a href="/genesis/10-2.htm">Genesis 10:2, 4</a>) stands generically for Greece, and probably represents Ionia. <span class="cmt_word">Tubal and Meshech</span> are sons of Japheth in <a href="/genesis/10-2.htm">Genesis 10:2</a>, and are always grouped together, except in <a href="/psalms/120-5.htm">Psalm 120:5</a>, where Meshech appears alone, and in <a href="/isaiah/66-19.htm">Isaiah 66:19</a>, where Tubal is named, but not Meshech. In <a href="/ezekiel/32-26.htm">Ezekiel 32:26</a> they are associated with Elam and Asshur (Assyria); in <a href="/ezekiel/38-2.htm">Ezekiel 38:2, 3</a> and Ezekiel 39:1 with Gog. The two names probably represented the tribes on the southeast coast of the Black Sea. Here the chief traffic was in slaves, the Tyrian traders probably buying them in exchange for their manufactured goods, and selling them to the cities of Greece as well as Phoenicia. In Greek history the names appear as Tibaroni and Moschi (Herod., 3:94; Xenophon, 'Anab.,' 5:5. 2, <span class="accented">etal</span>.). In Joel 4:6 Tyriaus are represented as selling Israelites as slaves in Greek cities (Hebrew "sons of Javan"). Thrace and Scythia were at all times the chief countries from which Greece imported her slaves. <span class="cmt_word">Vessels of brass.</span> Here, as throughout the Old Testament, we should read "copper," the mixed metal which we know as "brass" not Being known to ancient metallurgy. Copper-mines were found near the Caucasus, and Euboea was also famous for them. The region was also noted for its iron. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Javan,</span><br /><span class="heb">יָוָ֤ן</span> <span class="translit">(yā·wān)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3120.htm">Strong's 3120: </a> </span><span class="str2">Javan -- a son of Japheth, also his descendants and their land</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Tubal,</span><br /><span class="heb">תֻּבַל֙</span> <span class="translit">(tu·ḇal)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8422.htm">Strong's 8422: </a> </span><span class="str2">Tubal -- a son of Japheth, also his descendants and their land</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and Meshech</span><br /><span class="heb">וָמֶ֔שֶׁךְ</span> <span class="translit">(wā·me·šeḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4902.htm">Strong's 4902: </a> </span><span class="str2">Meshech -- a son of Japheth, also his descendants and their land</span><br /><br /><span class="word">were your merchants.</span><br /><span class="heb">רֹֽכְלָ֑יִךְ</span> <span class="translit">(rō·ḵə·lā·yiḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine plural construct | second person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7402.htm">Strong's 7402: </a> </span><span class="str2">To travel for, trading</span><br /><br /><span class="word">They exchanged</span><br /><span class="heb">נָתְנ֖וּ</span> <span class="translit">(nā·ṯə·nū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5414.htm">Strong's 5414: </a> </span><span class="str2">To give, put, set</span><br /><br /><span class="word">slaves</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּנֶ֤פֶשׁ</span> <span class="translit">(bə·ne·p̄eš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b | Noun - feminine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5315.htm">Strong's 5315: </a> </span><span class="str2">A soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, passion, appetite, emotion </span><br /><br /><span class="word">and bronze</span><br /><span class="heb">נְחֹ֔שֶׁת</span> <span class="translit">(nə·ḥō·šeṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5178.htm">Strong's 5178: </a> </span><span class="str2">Copper, something made of that metal, coin, a fetter, base</span><br /><br /><span class="word">utensils</span><br /><span class="heb">וּכְלֵ֣י</span> <span class="translit">(ū·ḵə·lê)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3627.htm">Strong's 3627: </a> </span><span class="str2">Something prepared, any apparatus</span><br /><br /><span class="word">for your merchandise.</span><br /><span class="heb">מַעֲרָבֵֽךְ׃</span> <span class="translit">(ma·‘ă·rā·ḇêḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct | second person feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4627.htm">Strong's 4627: </a> </span><span class="str2">Articles of exchange, merchandise</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/ezekiel/27-13.htm">Ezekiel 27:13 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/ezekiel/27-13.htm">OT Prophets: Ezekiel 27:13 Javan Tubal and Meshech they were your (Ezek. Eze Ezk) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/ezekiel/27-12.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Ezekiel 27:12"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Ezekiel 27:12" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/ezekiel/27-14.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Ezekiel 27:14"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Ezekiel 27:14" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>