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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-G" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#G"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>G</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-G-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-I" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#I"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>I</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-I-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-L" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#L"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>L</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-L-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-N" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lista de dígrafos</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Disponível em 2 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-2" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">2 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_digraphs" title="List of Latin-script digraphs — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="List of Latin-script digraphs" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%90%88%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="拉丁二合字母列表 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="拉丁二合字母列表" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14932387#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discuss%C3%A3o:Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussão sobre o conteúdo da página (página não existe) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mudar a variante da língua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">português</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistas"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=history" title="Edições anteriores desta página. 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mais opções" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Operações </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=history"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Geral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_afluentes/Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos" title="Lista de todas as páginas que contêm hiperligações para esta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Páginas afluentes</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Altera%C3%A7%C3%B5es_relacionadas/Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos" rel="nofollow" title="Mudanças recentes nas páginas para as quais esta contém hiperligações [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Alterações relacionadas</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Carregar_ficheiro" title="Carregar ficheiros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Carregar ficheiro</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_especiais" title="Lista de páginas especiais [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Páginas especiais</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&oldid=68914085" title="Hiperligação permanente para esta revisão desta página"><span>Hiperligação permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=info" title="Mais informações sobre esta página"><span>Informações da página</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&page=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&id=68914085&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informação sobre como citar esta página"><span>Citar esta página</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DLista_de_d%25C3%25ADgrafos%26section%3D7%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Obter URL encurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DLista_de_d%25C3%25ADgrafos%26section%3D7%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Descarregar código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Livro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Lista+de+d%C3%ADgrafos"><span>Criar um livro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descarregar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&printable=yes" title="Versão para impressão desta página [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versão para impressão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros projetos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14932387" title="Hiperligação para o elemento do repositório de dados [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspeto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><p>Segue a lista de <a href="/wiki/D%C3%ADgrafo" title="Dígrafo">dígrafos</a> do <a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_latino" title="Alfabeto latino">alfabeto latino</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A">A</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: A" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: A"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Ai⟩ </p><p>⟨Ay⟩ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="C">C</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: C" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: C"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Ch⟩ </p><p>⟨Cu⟩ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="E">E</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: E" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: E"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Ei⟩ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="G">G</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: G" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: G"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Gu⟩ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="I">I</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar secção: I" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: I"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨IJ⟩ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="L">L</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar secção: L" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: L"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Lh⟩ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="N">N</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar secção: N" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: N"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Ng⟩, representa uma <a href="/wiki/Velar_nasal" class="mw-redirect" title="Velar nasal">velar nasal</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Voz_(fon%C3%A9tica)" title="Voz (fonética)">sonoro</a> <a href="/wiki/Consoante_dorsal" title="Consoante dorsal">dorsal</a> /<a href="/wiki/%C5%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ŋ">ŋ</a>/ nas <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_europeias" class="mw-redirect" title="Línguas europeias">línguas europeias</a> (p. ex. <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_alem%C3%A3" title="Língua alemã">alemão</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_danesa" class="mw-redirect" title="Língua danesa">danês</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_sueca" title="Língua sueca">sueco</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_inglesa" title="Língua inglesa">inglês</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_galesa" title="Língua galesa">galês</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-Bi189_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bi189-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGussmann2000507_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGussmann2000507-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_austro-asi%C3%A1ticas" title="Línguas austro-asiáticas">austro-asiáticas</a> (p. ex. <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_vietnamita" title="Língua vietnamita">vietnamita</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELiêm197069_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELiêm197069-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_sino-tibetanas" title="Línguas sino-tibetanas">sino-tibetanas</a> (p. ex. <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_chinesa" title="Língua chinesa">chinês</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaxter1992117_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaxter1992117-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> e <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_austron%C3%A9sias" title="Línguas austronésias">austronésias</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHimmelmann2005353_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHimmelmann2005353-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> No inglês, particularmente, pode ser tanto /ŋg/ (<i>finger</i>, dedo) como /g/ (<i>sing</i>, cantar).<sup id="cite_ref-Bi189_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bi189-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> No <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_francesa" title="Língua francesa">francês</a>, o /m/, quando precedido de <a href="/wiki/Vogal" title="Vogal">vogal</a> e seguido por qualquer consoante diferente de /m/, marca a vogal como nasal e representa o mesmo som deste dígrafo.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWorcester1860377_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWorcester1860377-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> Nalgumas <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_africanas" title="Línguas africanas">línguas africanas</a> (p. ex. <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ADngua_niaquiusa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Língua niaquiusa (página não existe)">niaquiusa</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_uolofe" title="Língua uolofe">uolofe</a>) pode representar uma velar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Consolante_prenazalizada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consolante prenazalizada (página não existe)">pré-nasal</a> /ⁿɡ/.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPersohn201736_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPersohn201736-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETorrence201310_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETorrence201310-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>⟨Nh⟩, representa uma <a href="/wiki/Nasal_alveolar_surda" title="Nasal alveolar surda">nasal alveolar surda</a> /n̥ʰ/ ou /nʰ/ em algumas línguas africanas (p. ex. <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ADngua_doe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Língua doe (página não existe)">doe</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ADngua_gog%C3%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Língua gogô (página não existe)">gogô</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENurse1993159_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENurse1993159-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup>) e galês (aqui melhor classificada como <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasal_aspirada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasal aspirada (página não existe)">nasal aspirada</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHannahs201318_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHannahs201318-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> Nas línguas austronésias (p. ex. <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ADngua_gandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Língua gandi (página não existe)">gandi</a>), é uma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Consonante_dental&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consonante dental (página não existe)">dental</a> <a href="/wiki/Consoante_laminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Consoante laminal">laminal</a> /<a href="/w/index.php?title=N%CC%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N̪ (página não existe)">n̪</a>/,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201978_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201978-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> o que já parece ser assim desde o hipotético <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ADngua_proto-austron%C3%A9sia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Língua proto-austronésia (página não existe)">proto-austronésio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFoley1986272_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoley1986272-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> No <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_portuguesa" title="Língua portuguesa">português</a>, que o tem por empréstimo do <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_occitana" title="Língua occitana">occitano</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJuge200125_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJuge200125-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> ou <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_proven%C3%A7al" class="mw-redirect" title="Língua provençal">provençal</a> desde o <span style="white-space:nowrap;">século XIII</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaia1986486;_945_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaia1986486;_945-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> representa uma <a href="/wiki/Consoante_palatal" title="Consoante palatal">palatal</a> nasal /<a href="/wiki/%C6%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɲ">ɲ</a>/.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGonzález1985235_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGonzález1985235-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGamba201574_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGamba201574-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup> No <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_galega" title="Língua galega">galego</a>, representa uma velar /ŋ/.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECuesta1980100_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECuesta1980100-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="O">O</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar secção: O" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: O"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Oe⟩ </p><p>⟨Ou⟩ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Q">Q</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar secção: Q" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Q"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Qu⟩ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="R">R</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editar secção: R" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: R"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Rr⟩, representa /<a href="/wiki/%C9%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="ɹ">ɹ</a>/ ou /rr/ </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="S">S</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editar secção: S" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: S"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Sc⟩, é uma fricativa surda, pré-dorso-dental ou ápico-alveolar /ʃs/ e /ʃ/ em <a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%AAs_europeu" title="Português europeu">português europeu</a><sup id="cite_ref-Br_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Br-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERocha2008_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERocha2008-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> e /s/ em <a href="/wiki/Portugu%C3%AAs_brasileiro" title="Português brasileiro">português brasileiro</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabral2003156_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabral2003156-20"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup> inglês,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETeschner2004109_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETeschner2004109-21"><span>[</span>21<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_espanhola" class="mw-redirect" title="Língua espanhola">espanhol</a>, galego,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalvo-Benzies201926_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECalvo-Benzies201926-22"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup> occitano, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_catal%C3%A3" title="Língua catalã">catalão</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFontaine201348_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontaine201348-23"><span>[</span>23<span>]</span></a></sup> No <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_inglesa_antiga" class="mw-redirect" title="Língua inglesa antiga">inglês antigo</a>, sempre representou /ʃ/, ao contrário do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franc%C3%AAs_normando&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francês normando (página não existe)">francês normando</a> cujo som era de /sk/.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulk201225_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulk201225-24"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup> No francês moderno, pode ser tanto /ʃ/ (<i>fasciste</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGardner-Bonneau1999103_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGardner-Bonneau1999103-25"><span>[</span>25<span>]</span></a></sup> como /s/ (<i>reminiscence</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEValdman1976136_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEValdman1976136-26"><span>[</span>26<span>]</span></a></sup> No <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_italiana" title="Língua italiana">italiano</a>, é sempre lido /ʃ/ antes de /e/ e /i/,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBithell2019208,_nota_2_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBithell2019208,_nota_2-27"><span>[</span>27<span>]</span></a></sup> enquanto no <a href="/wiki/Latim" title="Latim">latim</a> e <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_grega" title="Língua grega">grego</a> se lê /sts/.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBithell2019469_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBithell2019469-28"><span>[</span>28<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>⟨Sç⟩, representa /s/ no português brasileiro<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabral2003215_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECabral2003215-29"><span>[</span>29<span>]</span></a></sup> e francês<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoseph1987145_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoseph1987145-30"><span>[</span>30<span>]</span></a></sup> ou fricativa surda, pré-dorso-dental ou ápico-alveolar /ʃs/ e /ʃ/ no português europeu.<sup id="cite_ref-Br_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Br-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>⟨Sh⟩, comumente abreviado como <i>š</i>, representa a fricativa surda /ʃ/ no <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_albanesa" title="Língua albanesa">albanês</a> (no qual é a letra <i>shë</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdemi2016391_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdemi2016391-31"><span>[</span>31<span>]</span></a></sup> inglês,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHogg1996413_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHogg1996413-32"><span>[</span>32<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Judeu-espanhol" title="Judeu-espanhol">judeu-espanhol</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBunis2018210_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBunis2018210-33"><span>[</span>33<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_c%C3%B3rnica" title="Língua córnica">córnico</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBock200825_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBock200825-34"><span>[</span>34<span>]</span></a></sup> occitiano,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinbow2016686_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinbow2016686-35"><span>[</span>35<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_somali" title="Língua somali">somali</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen2019121_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen2019121-36"><span>[</span>36<span>]</span></a></sup> e <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_turcomanas" title="Línguas turcomanas">línguas turcomanas</a> <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohanson1998xix_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohanson1998xix-37"><span>[</span>37<span>]</span></a></sup> (p. ex. <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_uigur" title="Língua uigur">uigur</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoeschoten1998381_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoeschoten1998381-38"><span>[</span>38<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_usbeque" title="Língua usbeque">usbeque</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoeschoten1998357_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoeschoten1998357-39"><span>[</span>39<span>]</span></a></sup>). No chinês, é uma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fricativa_retroflexa_surda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fricativa retroflexa surda (página não existe)">fricativa retroflexa surda</a> /ʂ/,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWang2015560_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWang2015560-40"><span>[</span>40<span>]</span></a></sup> no <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_bret%C3%A3" title="Língua bretã">bretão</a> é um /s/<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConroy199713_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEConroy199713-41"><span>[</span>41<span>]</span></a></sup> e no <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_irlandesa" title="Língua irlandesa">irlandês</a> um /h/.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBuachalla198518_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuachalla198518-42"><span>[</span>42<span>]</span></a></sup> Internacionalmente, a letra <a href="/wiki/Xime_(letra)" class="mw-redirect" title="Xime (letra)">xime</a> (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Phoenician_sin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Phoenician_sin.svg/12px-Phoenician_sin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Phoenician_sin.svg/18px-Phoenician_sin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Phoenician_sin.svg/24px-Phoenician_sin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="85" /></a></span>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Shin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Shin.svg/10px-Shin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Shin.svg/15px-Shin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Shin.svg/20px-Shin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="31" data-file-height="33" /></a></span>, ש ,ش ,ܫ) das <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADnguas_semitas" class="mw-redirect" title="Línguas semitas">línguas semitas</a> é comumente <a href="/wiki/Translitera%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Transliteração">transliterada</a> como <i>š</i>, mas no português equivale a xis.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlves201441_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlves201441-43"><span>[</span>43<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>⟨Ss⟩, representa o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Consoante_sibilante&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consoante sibilante (página não existe)">sibilante</a> /z/ no chinês<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZhou2003287_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZhou2003287-44"><span>[</span>44<span>]</span></a></sup> e /s/ no catalão,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWheeler20057_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWheeler20057-45"><span>[</span>45<span>]</span></a></sup> francês,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEinhorn19744_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEinhorn19744-46"><span>[</span>46<span>]</span></a></sup> occitano,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERomieu199518_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERomieu199518-47"><span>[</span>47<span>]</span></a></sup> italiano,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeferrari1954217_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeferrari1954217-48"><span>[</span>48<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETanaka2017324_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETanaka2017324-49"><span>[</span>49<span>]</span></a></sup> português<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbreu1973194_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbreu1973194-50"><span>[</span>50<span>]</span></a></sup> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%ADngua_iupique_do_Alasca_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Língua iupique do Alasca Central (página não existe)">iupique</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiyaoka201274_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiyaoka201274-51"><span>[</span>51<span>]</span></a></sup> No córnico pode ser /s/ e /sː/.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBock200826_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBock200826-52"><span>[</span>52<span>]</span></a></sup> No <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_coreana" title="Língua coreana">coreano</a>, marca um <a href="/w/index.php?title=Som_forte_(fon%C3%A9tica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Som forte (fonética) (página não existe)">forte</a> /s'/.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESilva1983165_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESilva1983165-53"><span>[</span>53<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="X">X</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editar secção: X" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=12" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: X"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Xc⟩ </p><p>⟨Xs⟩ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Z">Z</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editar secção: Z" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=13" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Z"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>⟨Zz⟩ </p><p><br /> </p> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Bi189-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bi189_1-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bi189_1-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBithell2019">Bithell 2019</a>, p. 189.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGussmann2000507-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGussmann2000507_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGussmann2000">Gussmann 2000</a>, p. 507.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELiêm197069-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELiêm197069_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLiêm1970">Liêm 1970</a>, p. 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBaxter1992117-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBaxter1992117_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaxter1992">Baxter 1992</a>, p. 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHimmelmann2005353-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHimmelmann2005353_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHimmelmann2005">Himmelmann 2005</a>, p. 353.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWorcester1860377-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWorcester1860377_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWorcester1860">Worcester 1860</a>, p. 377.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPersohn201736-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPersohn201736_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPersohn2017">Persohn 2017</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETorrence201310-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETorrence201310_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTorrence2013">Torrence 2013</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENurse1993159-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENurse1993159_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNurse1993">Nurse 1993</a>, p. 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHannahs201318-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHannahs201318_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHannahs2013">Hannahs 2013</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrant201978-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrant201978_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrant2019">Grant 2019</a>, p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFoley1986272-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFoley1986272_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFoley1986">Foley 1986</a>, p. 272.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJuge200125-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJuge200125_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJuge2001">Juge 2001</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMaia1986486;_945-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMaia1986486;_945_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMaia1986">Maia 1986</a>, p. 486; 945.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGonzález1985235-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGonzález1985235_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGonzález1985">González 1985</a>, p. 235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGamba201574-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGamba201574_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGamba2015">Gamba 2015</a>, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECuesta1980100-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECuesta1980100_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCuesta1980">Cuesta 1980</a>, p. 100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Br-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Br_18-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Br_18-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrissos2011">Brissos 2011</a>, p. 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERocha2008-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERocha2008_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRocha2008">Rocha 2008</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabral2003156-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabral2003156_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabral2003">Cabral 2003</a>, p. 156.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETeschner2004109-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETeschner2004109_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTeschner2004">Teschner 2004</a>, p. 109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECalvo-Benzies201926-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECalvo-Benzies201926_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCalvo-Benzies2019">Calvo-Benzies 2019</a>, p. 26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontaine201348-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFontaine201348_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFontaine2013">Fontaine 2013</a>, p. 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulk201225-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulk201225_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFulk2012">Fulk 2012</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGardner-Bonneau1999103-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGardner-Bonneau1999103_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGardner-Bonneau1999">Gardner-Bonneau 1999</a>, p. 103.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEValdman1976136-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEValdman1976136_26-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFValdman1976">Valdman 1976</a>, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBithell2019208,_nota_2-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBithell2019208,_nota_2_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBithell2019">Bithell 2019</a>, p. 208, nota 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBithell2019469-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBithell2019469_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBithell2019">Bithell 2019</a>, p. 469.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECabral2003215-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECabral2003215_29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCabral2003">Cabral 2003</a>, p. 215.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJoseph1987145-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJoseph1987145_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJoseph1987">Joseph 1987</a>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdemi2016391-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdemi2016391_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAdemi2016">Ademi 2016</a>, p. 391.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHogg1996413-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHogg1996413_32-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHogg1996">Hogg 1996</a>, p. 413.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBunis2018210-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBunis2018210_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBunis2018">Bunis 2018</a>, p. 210.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBock200825-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBock200825_34-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBock2008">Bock 2008</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinbow2016686-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinbow2016686_35-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinbow2016">Finbow 2016</a>, p. 686.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreen2019121-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreen2019121_36-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGreen2019">Green 2019</a>, p. 121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohanson1998xix-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohanson1998xix_37-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJohanson1998">Johanson 1998</a>, p. xix.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoeschoten1998381-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoeschoten1998381_38-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoeschoten1998">Boeschoten 1998</a>, p. 381.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoeschoten1998357-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoeschoten1998357_39-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoeschoten1998">Boeschoten 1998</a>, p. 357.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWang2015560-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWang2015560_40-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWang2015">Wang 2015</a>, p. 560.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEConroy199713-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConroy199713_41-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFConroy1997">Conroy 1997</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBuachalla198518-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBuachalla198518_42-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBuachalla1985">Buachalla 1985</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlves201441-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlves201441_43-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlves2014">Alves 2014</a>, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZhou2003287-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZhou2003287_44-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZhou2003">Zhou 2003</a>, p. 287.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWheeler20057-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWheeler20057_45-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWheeler2005">Wheeler 2005</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEinhorn19744-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEinhorn19744_46-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEinhorn1974">Einhorn 1974</a>, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERomieu199518-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERomieu199518_47-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRomieu1995">Romieu 1995</a>, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeferrari1954217-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeferrari1954217_48-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeferrari1954">Deferrari 1954</a>, p. 217.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETanaka2017324-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETanaka2017324_49-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTanaka2017">Tanaka 2017</a>, p. 324.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbreu1973194-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbreu1973194_50-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbreu1973">Abreu 1973</a>, p. 194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMiyaoka201274-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMiyaoka201274_51-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMiyaoka2012">Miyaoka 2012</a>, p. 74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBock200826-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBock200826_52-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBock2008">Bock 2008</a>, p. 26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESilva1983165-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESilva1983165_53-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSilva1983">Silva 1983</a>, p. 165.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Editar secção: Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_d%C3%ADgrafos&action=edit&section=14" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Bibliografia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r60995074">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAbreuRameh1973" class="citation book">Abreu, Maria Isabel; Rameh, Cléa (1973). O'Brien, Richard J., ed. <i>Português contemporâneo 2</i>. Washington: Escola Universitária de Línguas e Linguística de Georgetown</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.au=Rameh%2C+Cl%C3%A9a&rft.aufirst=Maria+Isabel&rft.aulast=Abreu&rft.btitle=Portugu%C3%AAs+contempor%C3%A2neo+2&rft.date=1973&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=Escola+Universit%C3%A1ria+de+L%C3nguas+e+Lingu%C3stica+de+Georgetown&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAdemi2016" class="citation book">Ademi, Valbon; Cabukovski, Vanco; Ademi, Lindita (2016). «A New User-Interface Model for Albanian-Speaking Blind and Visually Impaired Science Students». <i>Conference Proceeding. New Perspectives in Scienze Education</i>. Pádua: Libreriauniversitaria.it edizioni</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=A+New+User-Interface+Model+for+Albanian-Speaking+Blind+and+Visually+Impaired+Science+Students&rft.aufirst=Valbon&rft.aulast=Ademi&rft.btitle=Conference+Proceeding.+New+Perspectives+in+Scienze+Education&rft.date=2016&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=P%C3%A1dua&rft.pub=Libreriauniversitaria.it+edizioni&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAlves2014" class="citation book">Alves, Adalberto (2014). <i>Dicionário de Arabismos da Língua Portuguesa</i>. Lisboa: Leya. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9722721798" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/9722721798">9722721798</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Adalberto&rft.aulast=Alves&rft.btitle=Dicion%C3%A1rio+de+Arabismos+da+L%C3ngua+Portuguesa&rft.date=2014&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9722721798&rft.place=Lisboa&rft.pub=Leya&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBaxter1992" class="citation book">Baxter, William H. (1992). <i>A Handbook of Old Chinese Phonology</i>. Berlim e Nova Iorque: Walter de Gruyter</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=William+H.&rft.aulast=Baxter&rft.btitle=A+Handbook+of+Old+Chinese+Phonology&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Berlim+e+Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBithell2019" class="citation book">Bithell, Jethro (2019) [1952]. «Sounds ans Symbols». <i>German Pronunciation and Phonology</i>. Londres e Nova Iorque: Routledge</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=Sounds+ans+Symbols&rft.aufirst=Jethro&rft.aulast=Bithell&rft.btitle=German+Pronunciation+and+Phonology&rft.date=2019&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Londres+e+Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBock2008" class="citation book">Bock, Albert; Bruch, Benjamin (2008). <i>An Outline of the Standard Written Form of Cornish</i>. Truro: Conselho do Condado da Cornualha</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.aulast=Bock&rft.btitle=An+Outline+of+the+Standard+Written+Form+of+Cornish&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Truro&rft.pub=Conselho+do+Condado+da+Cornualha&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBoeschoten1998" class="citation book">Boeschoten, Hendrik (1998). «22. Uzbek». In: Johanson, Lars; Csató, Éva Á. <i>The Turkish Languages</i>. Londres e Nova Iorque: Routledge</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=22.+Uzbek&rft.aufirst=Hendrik&rft.aulast=Boeschoten&rft.btitle=The+Turkish+Languages&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Londres+e+Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_editores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBuachalla1985" class="citation book">Buachalla, Breandán Ó (1985). <i>The F-future in Modern Irish: A Reassessment</i>. Dublim: Real Academia Irlandesa</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Breand%C3%A1n+%C3%93&rft.aulast=Buachalla&rft.btitle=The+F-future+in+Modern+Irish%3A+A+Reassessment&rft.date=1985&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Dublim&rft.pub=Real+Academia+Irlandesa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBrissos2011" class="citation book">Brissos, Fernando Jorge Costa (2011). <i>Linguagem do Sueste da Beira no Tempo e no Espaço</i>. Lisboa: Universidade de Lisboa</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Fernando+Jorge+Costa&rft.aulast=Brissos&rft.btitle=Linguagem+do+Sueste+da+Beira+no+Tempo+e+no+Espa%C3%A7o&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Lisboa&rft.pub=Universidade+de+Lisboa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBunis2018" class="citation book">Bunis, David M. (2018). «Judezmo (Ladino/Judeo-Spanish): A Historical and Sociolinguistic Portrait». In: Hary, Benjamin; Benor, Sarah Bunin. <i>Languages in Jewish Communities, Past and Present</i>. local=Berlim e Boston: Walter de Gruyter</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=Judezmo+%28Ladino%2FJudeo-Spanish%29%3A+A+Historical+and+Sociolinguistic+Portrait&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft.aulast=Bunis&rft.btitle=Languages+in+Jewish+Communities%2C+Past+and+Present&rft.date=2018&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=local%3DBerlim+e+Boston&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Falta pipe (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Falta_pipe" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Falta pipe">link</a>) !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_editores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFCabral2003" class="citation book">Cabral, Leonor Scliar (2003). <i>Princípios do sistema alfabético do português do Brasil</i>. São Paulo: Editora Contexto</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Leonor+Scliar&rft.aulast=Cabral&rft.btitle=Princ%C3pios+do+sistema+alfab%C3%A9tico+do+portugu%C3%AAs+do+Brasil&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.place=S%C3%A3o+Paulo&rft.pub=Editora+Contexto&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFCalvo-Benzies2019" class="citation book">Calvo-Benzies, Yolanda Joy (2019). «/ðə ˈmusɪk ɪnˈdustrɪ jas esˈtarted teikin leˈgal akˈʃɒn/*. A Preliminary Study on the Nature and Impact of Phonological and Orthographic Transfer in the English Speech of Bilingual Speakers of Spanish and Galician». <i>Cross-Linguistic Influence: From Empirical Evidence to Classroom Practice</i>. Cham: Springer</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=%2F%C3%B0%C9%99+%CB%88mus%C9%AAk+%C9%AAn%CB%88dustr%C9%AA+jas+es%CB%88tarted+teikin+le%CB%88gal+ak%CB%88%CA%83%C9%92n%2F%2A.+A+Preliminary+Study+on+the+Nature+and+Impact+of+Phonological+and+Orthographic+Transfer+in+the+English+Speech+of+Bilingual+Speakers+of+Spanish+and+Galician&rft.aufirst=Yolanda+Joy&rft.aulast=Calvo-Benzies&rft.btitle=Cross-Linguistic+Influence%3A+From+Empirical+Evidence+to+Classroom+Practice&rft.date=2019&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Cham&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFConroy1997" class="citation book">Conroy, Joseph F. (1997). <i>Breton-English, English-Breton Dictionary and Phrasebook</i>. Nova Iorque: Hippocrene Books</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Joseph+F.&rft.aulast=Conroy&rft.btitle=Breton-English%2C+English-Breton+Dictionary+and+Phrasebook&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Hippocrene+Books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFCuesta1980" class="citation book">Cuesta, Pilar Vázquez; Luz, Maria Albertina Mendes da (1980). <i>Gramática da língua portuguesa</i>. Lisboa: Edições 70</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Pilar+V%C3%A1zquez&rft.aulast=Cuesta&rft.btitle=Gram%C3%A1tica+da+l%C3ngua+portuguesa&rft.date=1980&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Lisboa&rft.pub=Edi%C3%A7%C3%B5es+70&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFDeferrari1954" class="citation book">Deferrari, Harry Austin (1954). <i>The Phonology of Italian, Spanish, and French</i>. Ann, Arbor: Edward Brothers</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Harry+Austin&rft.aulast=Deferrari&rft.btitle=The+Phonology+of+Italian%2C+Spanish%2C+and+French&rft.date=1954&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Ann%2C+Arbor&rft.pub=Edward+Brothers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFEinhorn1974" class="citation book">Einhorn, E. (1974). <i>Old French: A Concise Handbook</i>. Cambrígia: Imprensa da Universidade de Cambrígia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=E.&rft.aulast=Einhorn&rft.btitle=Old+French%3A+A+Concise+Handbook&rft.date=1974&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Cambr%C3gia&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Cambr%C3gia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFFinbow2016" class="citation book">Finbow, Thomas (2016). Ledgeway, Adam; Maiden, Martin, ed. <i>The Oxford Guide to the Romance Languages</i>. Oxônia: Imprensa da Universidade de Oxônia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.aulast=Finbow&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Guide+to+the+Romance+Languages&rft.date=2016&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Ox%C3%B4nia&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Ox%C3%B4nia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_editores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFFoley1986" class="citation book">Foley, William A. (1986). <i>The Papuan Languages of New Guinea</i>. Cambrígia, Londres, Nova Iorque, Melbourne, Sidnei e Nova Rochelle: Imprensa da Universidade de Cambrígia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rft.aulast=Foley&rft.btitle=The+Papuan+Languages+of+New+Guinea&rft.date=1986&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Cambr%C3gia%2C+Londres%2C+Nova+Iorque%2C+Melbourne%2C+Sidnei+e+Nova+Rochelle&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Cambr%C3gia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFFontaine2013" class="citation book">Fontaine, Resianne; Freudenthal, Gad (2013). <i>Latin-into-Hebrew: Texts and Studies: Volume One: Studies</i>. Leida e Nova Iorque: Brill</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Resianne&rft.aulast=Fontaine&rft.btitle=Latin-into-Hebrew%3A+Texts+and+Studies%3A+Volume+One%3A+Studies&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Leida+e+Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Brill&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFFulk2012" class="citation book">Fulk, R. D. (2012). <i>An Introduction to Middle English: Grammar and Texts</i>. Peterborough, Ontário: Imprensa Broadview</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=R.+D.&rft.aulast=Fulk&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Middle+English%3A+Grammar+and+Texts&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Peterborough%2C+Ont%C3%A1rio&rft.pub=Imprensa+Broadview&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFGamba2015" class="citation book">Gamba, Pedro Augusto (2015). <i>As Soantes Palatais no Português: Uma Caracterização Fonético-Fonológica</i>. Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Pedro+Augusto&rft.aulast=Gamba&rft.btitle=As+Soantes+Palatais+no+Portugu%C3%AAs%3A+Uma+Caracteriza%C3%A7%C3%A3o+Fon%C3%A9tico-Fonol%C3%B3gica&rft.date=2015&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Florian%C3%B3polis&rft.pub=Universidade+Federal+de+Santa+Catarina&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFGardner-Bonneau1999" class="citation book">Gardner-Bonneau, Daryle (1999). <i>Human Factors and Voice Interactive Systems</i>. Nova Iorque: Springer</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Daryle&rft.aulast=Gardner-Bonneau&rft.btitle=Human+Factors+and+Voice+Interactive+Systems&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFGonzález1985" class="citation book">González, J. R. Fernández (1985). <i>Gramática histórica provenzal</i>. Oviedo: Universidade de Oviedo</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=J.+R.+Fern%C3%A1ndez&rft.aulast=Gonz%C3%A1lez&rft.btitle=Gram%C3%A1tica+hist%C3%B3rica+provenzal&rft.date=1985&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Oviedo&rft.pub=Universidade+de+Oviedo&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFGrant2019" class="citation book">Grant, Anthony P.; Klein, Thomas B.; Ng, E-Ching (2019). Grant, Anthony P., ed. <i>The Oxford Handbook of Language Contact</i>. Oxônia: Imprensa da Universidade de Oxônia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Anthony+P.&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Language+Contact&rft.date=2019&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Ox%C3%B4nia&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Ox%C3%B4nia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFGreen2019" class="citation book">Green, Christopher R.; Jones, Evan (2019). «Notes on the morphology of Marka (Af-Ashraaf)». <i>Theory and description in African Linguistics: Selected papers from the 47th Annual Conference on African Linguistics</i>. Berlim: Imprensa de Ciência da Língua</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=Notes+on+the+morphology+of+Marka+%28Af-Ashraaf%29&rft.aufirst=Christopher+R.&rft.aulast=Green&rft.btitle=Theory+and+description+in+African+Linguistics%3A+Selected+papers+from+the+47th+Annual+Conference+on+African+Linguistics&rft.date=2019&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Berlim&rft.pub=Imprensa+de+Ci%C3%AAncia+da+L%C3ngua&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFGussmann2000" class="citation book">Gussmann, Edmund (2000). «Underlying forms». In: Burkardt, Armin; Steger, Hugo; Wiegand, Herbert Ernst. <i>Morphologie: Ein Internationales Handbuch Zur Flexion und Wortbildung, Volume 1</i>. Berlim e Nova Iorque: Walter de Gruyter</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=Underlying+forms&rft.aufirst=Edmund&rft.aulast=Gussmann&rft.btitle=Morphologie%3A+Ein+Internationales+Handbuch+Zur+Flexion+und+Wortbildung%2C+Volume+1&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Berlim+e+Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_editores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFHahn1998" class="citation book">Hahn, Reinhard F. (1998). «23. Uyghur». In: Johanson, Lars; Csató, Éva Á. <i>The Turkish Languages</i>. Londres e Nova Iorque: Routledge</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=23.+Uyghur&rft.aufirst=Reinhard+F.&rft.aulast=Hahn&rft.btitle=The+Turkish+Languages&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Londres+e+Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_editores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFHannahs2013" class="citation book">Hannahs, S. J. (2013). <i>The Phonology of Welsh</i>. Oxônia: Imprensa da Universidade de Oxônia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=S.+J.&rft.aulast=Hannahs&rft.btitle=The+Phonology+of+Welsh&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Ox%C3%B4nia&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Ox%C3%B4nia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFHimmelmann2005" class="citation book">Himmelmann, Nikolaus P. (2005). «Tagalog». In: Adelaar, K. Alexander; Himelmann, Nikolaus. <i>The Austronesian Languages of Asia and Madagascar</i>. Londres e Nova Iorque: Routledge</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=Tagalog&rft.aufirst=Nikolaus+P.&rft.aulast=Himmelmann&rft.btitle=The+Austronesian+Languages+of+Asia+and+Madagascar&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Londres+e+Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_editores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFHogg1996" class="citation book">Hogg, Richard; Denison, David (1996). <i>The Cambridge History of the English Language, Volume I: The Beginnings to 1066</i>. Cambrígia: Imprensa da Universidade de Cambrígia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.aulast=Hogg&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+the+English+Language%2C+Volume+I%3A+The+Beginnings+to+1066&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Cambr%C3gia&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Cambr%C3gia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFJohanson1998" class="citation book">Johanson, Lars; Csató, Éva Á. (1998). «Notes on Transcription and Symbols». In: Johanson, Lars; Csató, Éva Á. <i>The Turkish Languages</i>. Londres e Nova Iorque: Routledge</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=Notes+on+Transcription+and+Symbols&rft.aufirst=Lars&rft.aulast=Johanson&rft.btitle=The+Turkish+Languages&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Londres+e+Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_editores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores">link</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFJoseph1987" class="citation book">Joseph, John Earl (1987). <i>Eloquence and Power: The Rise of Language Standards and Standard Languages</i>. Londres: F. Pinter</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=John+Earl&rft.aulast=Joseph&rft.btitle=Eloquence+and+Power%3A+The+Rise+of+Language+Standards+and+Standard+Languages&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Londres&rft.pub=F.+Pinter&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFJuge2001" class="citation book">Juge, Jean-Pierre (2001). <i>Petit précis - Chronologie occitane - Histoire & civilisation</i>. Paris: Loubatières</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Jean-Pierre&rft.aulast=Juge&rft.btitle=Petit+pr%C3%A9cis+-+Chronologie+occitane+-+Histoire+%26+civilisation&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Loubati%C3%A8res&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFLiêm1970" class="citation book">Liêm, Nguyẽ̂n Đăng (1970). <i>Vietnamese Pronunciation</i>. Honolulu: Imprensa da Universidade do Havaí</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Nguy%E1%BA%BD%CC%82n+%C4%90%C4%83ng&rft.aulast=Li%C3%AAm&rft.btitle=Vietnamese+Pronunciation&rft.date=1970&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Honolulu&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+do+Hava%C3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFMaia1986" class="citation book">Maia, Clarinda de Azevedo (1986). <i>História do galego-português: estado linguístico da Galiza e do noroeste de Portugal desde o século XIII ao século XVI: com referência à situação do galego moderno</i>. Lisboa: Instituto Nacional de Investigação Científica</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Clarinda+de+Azevedo&rft.aulast=Maia&rft.btitle=Hist%C3%B3ria+do+galego-portugu%C3%AAs%3A+estado+lingu%C3stico+da+Galiza+e+do+noroeste+de+Portugal+desde+o+s%C3%A9culo+XIII+ao+s%C3%A9culo+XVI%3A+com+refer%C3%AAncia+%C3%A0+situa%C3%A7%C3%A3o+do+galego+moderno&rft.date=1986&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Lisboa&rft.pub=Instituto+Nacional+de+Investiga%C3%A7%C3%A3o+Cient%C3fica&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFMiyaoka2012" class="citation book">Miyaoka, Osahito (2012). <i>A Grammar of Central Alaskan Yupik (CAY)</i>. Berlim e Boston: Walter de Gruyter</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Osahito&rft.aulast=Miyaoka&rft.btitle=A+Grammar+of+Central+Alaskan+Yupik+%28CAY%29&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Berlim+e+Boston&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFNurse1993" class="citation book">Nurse, Derek; Hinnebusch, Thomas J. (1993). <i>Swahili and Sabaki: A Linguistic History</i>. Berkeley, Los Angeles e Londres: Imprensa da Universidade da Califórnia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft.aulast=Nurse&rft.btitle=Swahili+and+Sabaki%3A+A+Linguistic+History&rft.date=1993&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+Los+Angeles+e+Londres&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+da+Calif%C3%B3rnia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFPersohn2017" class="citation book">Persohn, Bastian (2017). <i>The verb in Nyakyusa: A focus on tense, aspect and modality</i>. Berlim: Imprensa de Ciência Linguística</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Bastian&rft.aulast=Persohn&rft.btitle=The+verb+in+Nyakyusa%3A+A+focus+on+tense%2C+aspect+and+modality&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Berlim&rft.pub=Imprensa+de+Ci%C3%AAncia+Lingu%C3stica&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFRocha2008" class="citation web">Rocha, Carlos (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ciberduvidas.iscte-iul.pt/consultorio/perguntas/a-pronuncia-do-grupo-consonantico--sc-/23864">«A pronúncia do grupo consonântico -sc-»</a>. Ciberdúvidas da Língua Portuguesa</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Carlos&rft.aulast=Rocha&rft.btitle=A+pron%C3%BAncia+do+grupo+conson%C3%A2ntico+-sc-&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Ciberd%C3%BAvidas+da+L%C3ngua+Portuguesa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fciberduvidas.iscte-iul.pt%2Fconsultorio%2Fperguntas%2Fa-pronuncia-do-grupo-consonantico--sc-%2F23864&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFRomieu1995" class="citation book">Romieu, Maurice; Bianchi, André (1995). <i>Gramatica de l'occitan gascon contemporanèu</i>. Bordéus: Imprensa da Universidade de Bordéus</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Maurice&rft.aulast=Romieu&rft.btitle=Gramatica+de+l%27occitan+gascon+contemporan%C3%A8u&rft.date=1995&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Bord%C3%A9us&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Bord%C3%A9us&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFSilva1983" class="citation book">Silva, David James (1983). «A Phonetically Based Analysis of [Voice] and [Fortis] in Korean». In: Clancy, Patricia M. <i>Japanese/Korean Linguistics: Volume 2</i>. Stanford: Associação de Linguística de Stanford</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=A+Phonetically+Based+Analysis+of+%5BVoice%5D+and+%5BFortis%5D+in+Korean&rft.aufirst=David+James&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.btitle=Japanese%2FKorean+Linguistics%3A+Volume+2&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Stanford&rft.pub=Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o+de+Lingu%C3stica+de+Stanford&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFTanaka2017" class="citation book">Tanaka, Shin'ichi (2017). «The relation between L2 perception and L1 phonology in Japanese loanwords: An analysis of geminates in loanwords from Italian». In: Kubozono, Haruo. <i>he Phonetics and Phonology of Geminate Consonants</i>. Oxônia: Imprensa da Universidade de Oxônia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=The+relation+between+L2+perception+and+L1+phonology+in+Japanese+loanwords%3A+An+analysis+of+geminates+in+loanwords+from+Italian&rft.aufirst=Shin%27ichi&rft.aulast=Tanaka&rft.btitle=he+Phonetics+and+Phonology+of+Geminate+Consonants&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Ox%C3%B4nia&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Ox%C3%B4nia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFTeschner2004" class="citation book">Teschner, Richard V.; Whitley, Melvin Stanley (2004). <i>Pronouncing English: A Stress-based Approach</i>. Washington: Imprensa da Universidade de Georgetown</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Richard+V.&rft.aulast=Teschner&rft.btitle=Pronouncing+English%3A+A+Stress-based+Approach&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Georgetown&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFTorrence2013" class="citation book">Torrence, Harold (2013). <i>The Clause Structure of Wolof: Insights Into the Left Periphery</i>. Amesterdã e Filadélfia: Companhia de Impressão John Berjamins</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Harold&rft.aulast=Torrence&rft.btitle=The+Clause+Structure+of+Wolof%3A+Insights+Into+the+Left+Periphery&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Amesterd%C3%A3+e+Filad%C3%A9lfia&rft.pub=Companhia+de+Impress%C3%A3o+John+Berjamins&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFValdman1976" class="citation book">Valdman, Albert (1976). <i>Introduction to French Phonology and Morphology</i>. Rowley, Massachusetts: Newbury House</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.aulast=Valdman&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+French+Phonology+and+Morphology&rft.date=1976&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Rowley%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=Newbury+House&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFWang2015" class="citation book">Wang, Feng; Tsai, Yaching (2015). «Chinese Writing and Literacy». <i>The Oxford Handbook of Chinese Linguistics</i>. Oxônia: Imprensa da Universidade de Oxônia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.atitle=Chinese+Writing+and+Literacy&rft.aufirst=Feng&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Chinese+Linguistics&rft.date=2015&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.place=Ox%C3%B4nia&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Ox%C3%B4nia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFWheeler2005" class="citation book">Wheeler, Marx W. (2005). <i>The Phonology of Catalan</i>. Oxônia: Imprensa da Universidade de Oxônia</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Marx+W.&rft.aulast=Wheeler&rft.btitle=The+Phonology+of+Catalan&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Ox%C3%B4nia&rft.pub=Imprensa+da+Universidade+de+Ox%C3%B4nia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFWorcester1860" class="citation book">Worcester, Joseph E. (1860). <i>An Elementary Dictionary of the English Language</i>. Boston: Swan, Brewer and Tileston</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Joseph+E.&rft.aulast=Worcester&rft.btitle=An+Elementary+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft.date=1860&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Swan%2C+Brewer+and+Tileston&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFZhou2003" class="citation book">Zhou, Minglang (2003). <i>Multilingualism in China: The Politics of Writing Reforms for Minority Languages, 1949-2002</i>. Berlim e Nova Iorque: Walter de Gruyter</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ALista+de+d%C3grafos&rft.aufirst=Minglang&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.btitle=Multilingualism+in+China%3A+The+Politics+of+Writing+Reforms+for+Minority+Languages%2C+1949-2002&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Berlim+e+Nova+Iorque&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtida de "<a dir="ltr" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_dígrafos&oldid=68914085">https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_dígrafos&oldid=68914085</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:D%C3%ADgrafos" title="Categoria:Dígrafos">Dígrafos</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorias ocultas: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!P%C3%A1ginas_que_usam_refer%C3%AAncias_com_par%C3%A2metros_obsoletas" title="Categoria:!Páginas que usam referências com parâmetros obsoletas">!Páginas que usam referências com parâmetros obsoletas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_editores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores">!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de editores</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Falta_pipe" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Falta pipe">!CS1 manut: Falta pipe</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Esta página foi editada pela última vez às 02h01min de 31 de outubro de 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Este texto é disponibilizado nos termos da licença <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt">Atribuição-CompartilhaIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-SA 4.0) da Creative Commons</a>; pode estar sujeito a condições adicionais. 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