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class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>External history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle External history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-External_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Precursors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Precursors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Precursors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Precursors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tengwar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tengwar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Tengwar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tengwar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Description-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Description subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Letters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Letters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regularly_formed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regularly_formed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Regularly formed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regularly_formed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irregularly_formed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irregularly_formed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Irregularly formed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irregularly_formed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tehtar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tehtar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Tehtar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tehtar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Modes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ómatehtar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ómatehtar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ómatehtar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ómatehtar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Full_writing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full_writing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Full writing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full_writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modes_for_other_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modes_for_other_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Modes for other languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modes_for_other_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Encoding_schemes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Encoding_schemes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Encoding schemes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Encoding_schemes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Encoding schemes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Encoding_schemes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Legacy_encoding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy_encoding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Legacy encoding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy_encoding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unicode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unicode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Unicode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unicode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ConScript_Unicode_Registry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ConScript_Unicode_Registry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>ConScript Unicode Registry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ConScript_Unicode_Registry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengvaro" title="Tengvaro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tengvaro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="تنگوار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تنگوار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%A1%EA%B3%BC%EB%A5%B4" title="텡과르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="텡과르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Տենգվար – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տենգվար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar_%C3%A1b%C3%A9c%C3%A9" title="Tengwar ábécé – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tengwar ábécé" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="テングワール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テングワール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Тенгвар – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тенгвар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengvar" title="Tengvar – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tengvar" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Тенгвар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тенгвар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengwar" title="Tengwar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tengwar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Quenya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="อักษรเทงกวาร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อักษรเทงกวาร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Тенгвар – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тенгвар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%87%E6%A0%BC%E7%93%A6%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="談格瓦文字 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="談格瓦文字" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q473725#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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R. R. Tolkien</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Tengwar" title="Special:EditPage/Tengwar">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Tengwar%22">"Tengwar"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Tengwar%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Tengwar%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Tengwar%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Tengwar%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Tengwar%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.25em; background:khaki;">Tengwar<br /><div style="font-weight:normal"></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tengwar.svg/180px-Tengwar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tengwar.svg/270px-Tengwar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tengwar.svg/360px-Tengwar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="253" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">The word "Tengwar" written using the Tengwar script in the Quenya mode</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Script type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em"> Alternative </div> <a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">abugida</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabet</a> according to the "<a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Modes">mode</a>"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Creator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien">J. R. R. Tolkien</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Time period</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1930s–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Direction</th><td class="infobox-data">Left-to-right <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q473725?uselang=en#P1406" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data">a number of <a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_constructed_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolkien's constructed languages">Tolkien's constructed languages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">Quenya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sindarin" title="Sindarin">Sindarin</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Related scripts</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent systems</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding-top:0.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Sarati" title="Sarati">Sarati</a><ul><li>Tengwar</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">ISO 15924</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_15924" title="ISO 15924">ISO 15924</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">Teng</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">(290)</span>, Tengwar</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="text-align:left; background:#eee;"><span style="font-size:90%"> This article contains <b><a href="/wiki/Phonetic_transcription" title="Phonetic transcription">phonetic transcriptions</a> in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> (IPA)</b>. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> and ⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"> </span>⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1092331828">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .contains-special-characters{width:22em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right contains-special-characters noprint selfref"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">special characters</a>.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a>.</div></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwar_sample.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tengwar_sample.svg/220px-Tengwar_sample.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tengwar_sample.svg/330px-Tengwar_sample.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Tengwar_sample.svg/440px-Tengwar_sample.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>First article of the <a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" title="Universal Declaration of Human Rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a> in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, written with a spelling-based pointed mode of <i>Tengwar</i>. The first three lines: "All human beings are / born free and equal / in dignity and rights. /..."</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Tengwar</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ŋ/: 'ng' in 'sing'">ŋ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span></span>/</a></span></span>) script is an <a href="/wiki/Artificial_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Artificial script">artificial script</a>, one of <a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_scripts" title="Tolkien's scripts">several scripts created</a> by <a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien">J. R. R. Tolkien</a>, the author of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>. Within the context of Tolkien's fictional world, the Tengwar were invented by the <a href="/wiki/Elf_(Middle-earth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elf (Middle-earth)">Elf</a> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ABanor" title="Fëanor">Fëanor</a>, and used first to write the Elvish languages <a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">Quenya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Telerin" class="mw-redirect" title="Telerin">Telerin</a>. Later a great number of <a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_constructed_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolkien's constructed languages">Tolkien's constructed languages</a> were written using the Tengwar, including <a href="/wiki/Sindarin" title="Sindarin">Sindarin</a>. Tolkien used Tengwar to write <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>: most of Tolkien's Tengwar samples are actually in English. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internal_history_and_terminology">Internal history and terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Internal history and terminology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within the context of Tolkien's fictional world, the Tengwar were invented by the <a href="/wiki/Elf_(Middle-earth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elf (Middle-earth)">Elf</a> <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ABanor" title="Fëanor">Fëanor</a> in <a href="/wiki/Valinor" title="Valinor">Valinor</a>, and used first to write the Elven tongues <a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">Quenya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Telerin" class="mw-redirect" title="Telerin">Telerin</a>. According to <a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien">J. R. R. Tolkien</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_War_of_the_Jewels" title="The War of the Jewels">The War of the Jewels</a></i>, at the time Fëanor created his script, he introduced a change in terminology. He called a letter, a written representation of a spoken phoneme (<i>tengwë</i>), a <i>tengwa</i>. Previously, any letter or symbol had been called a <i>sarat</i> (from <i>*sar</i> "incise"). The alphabet of Rúmil of Tirion, on which Fëanor supposedly based his own work, was known as <a href="/wiki/Sarati" title="Sarati">Sarati</a>. It later became known as "Tengwar of Rúmil".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The plural of <i>tengwa</i> is <i>Tengwar</i>, and this is the name by which Fëanor's writing system became known. Since, however, in commonly used modes, an individual <i>tengwa</i> was equivalent to a consonant, the term <i>tengwa</i> in the fiction became equivalent to "consonant sign", and the vowel signs were known as <i>ómatehtar</i>. By loan-translation, the Tengwar became known as <i>tîw</i> (singular <i>têw</i>) in Sindarin, when they were introduced to <a href="/wiki/Beleriand" title="Beleriand">Beleriand</a>. The letters of the earlier alphabet native to Sindarin were called <i><a href="/wiki/Cirth" title="Cirth">cirth</a></i> (singular <i>certh</i>, probably from <i>*kirte</i> "cutting", and thus semantically analogous to <a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">Quenya</a> <i>sarat</i>). This term was loaned into exilic Quenya as <i>certa</i>, plural <i>certar</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_history">External history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: External history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Precursors">Precursors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Precursors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Sarati" title="Sarati">sarati</a>, a script developed by Tolkien in the late 1910s and described in <i><a href="/wiki/Parma_Eldalamberon" class="mw-redirect" title="Parma Eldalamberon">Parma Eldalamberon</a> 13</i>, anticipates many features of the Tengwar: vowel representation by <a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">diacritics</a> (which is found in many Tengwar varieties); different Tengwar shapes; and a few correspondences between sound features and letter shape features (though inconsistent). </p><p>Even closer to the Tengwar is the Valmaric script, described in <i>Parma Eldalamberon 14</i>, which Tolkien used from about 1922 to 1925. It features many Tengwar shapes, the inherent vowel <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[a]</span> found in some Tengwar varieties, and the tables in the samples V12 and V13 show an arrangement that is very similar to one of the primary Tengwar in the classical Quenya "mode". </p><p>In his <i>An Introduction to Elvish</i>, Jim Allan compared the Tengwar with the London merchant <a href="/wiki/Francis_Lodwick" title="Francis Lodwick">Francis Lodwick</a>'s 1686 <i>Universal Alphabet</i>, both on grounds of the correspondence between shape features and sound features, and of the actual letter shapes.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tengwar">Tengwar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Tengwar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:One_Ring_inscription.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/One_Ring_inscription.svg/300px-One_Ring_inscription.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/One_Ring_inscription.svg/450px-One_Ring_inscription.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/One_Ring_inscription.svg/600px-One_Ring_inscription.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="144" /></a><figcaption>The two-line inscription on the <a href="/wiki/One_Ring" title="One Ring">One Ring</a>, written in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Speech" title="Black Speech">Black Speech</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mordor" title="Mordor">Mordor</a> using Tengwar: "Ash nazg durbatulûk, ash nazg gimbatul / ash nazg thrakatulûk, agh burzum-ishi krimpatul".</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:One_Ring_inscription_Atul.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/One_Ring_inscription_Atul.svg/220px-One_Ring_inscription_Atul.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/One_Ring_inscription_Atul.svg/330px-One_Ring_inscription_Atul.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/One_Ring_inscription_Atul.svg/440px-One_Ring_inscription_Atul.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="70" /></a><figcaption>Tengwar "atul" element recurring in the ring inscription</figcaption></figure> <p>The Tengwar script was probably developed in the late 1920s or in the early 1930s. <i>The Lonely Mountain Jar Inscription</i>, the first published Tengwar sample, dates to 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The full explanation of the Tengwar was published in Appendix E of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i> in 1955.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Mellonath Daeron Index of Tengwar Specimina</i> (DTS) lists most of the known samples of Tengwar by Tolkien. </p><p>There are only a few known samples predating publication of <i>The Lord of the Rings</i> (many of them published posthumously): </p> <ul><li><i>The Lonely Mountain Jar Inscription</i>, published 1937<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Middle Page from the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Mazarbul" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Mazarbul">Book of Mazarbul</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Last Page from the Book of Mazarbul, Last Line</i>, this and the above one originally prepared for inclusion in <i>The Lord of the Rings</i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Steinborg Drawing Title</i><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Ilbereth's Greeting</i> from <a href="/wiki/The_Father_Christmas_Letters" title="The Father Christmas Letters">The Father Christmas Letters</a>, dating to 1937<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Treebeard Page</i><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Edwin Lowdham's Manuscript</i> from <a href="/wiki/The_Notion_Club_Papers" title="The Notion Club Papers">The Notion Club Papers</a> has <a href="/wiki/Old_English_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Old English language">Old English language</a> text written in Tengwar (with a few <a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%BBnaic" title="Adûnaic">Adûnaic</a> and Quenya words), dating to 1945/6.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Brogan Tengwa-greetings, appearing in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Letters_of_J._R._R._Tolkien" title="The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien">The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien</a></i>, No. 118, tentatively dated to 1948<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The following samples presumably predate the Lord of the Rings, but were not explicitly dated: </p> <ul><li><i>Elvish Script Sample I, II, III</i>, with parts of the English poems <i>Errantry</i> and <i>Bombadil</i>, first published in the <i>Silmarillion Calendar 1978</i>, later in <i>Pictures by J. R. R. Tolkien</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>So Lúthien</i>, a page of the English <i>Lay of Leithian</i> text<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwar_alphabet_with_row_and_column_headings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Tengwar_alphabet_with_row_and_column_headings.svg/440px-Tengwar_alphabet_with_row_and_column_headings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="601" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Tengwar_alphabet_with_row_and_column_headings.svg/660px-Tengwar_alphabet_with_row_and_column_headings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Tengwar_alphabet_with_row_and_column_headings.svg/880px-Tengwar_alphabet_with_row_and_column_headings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2646" data-file-height="3615" /></a><figcaption>Tengwar alphabet with the name of each <i>tengwa</i>, arranged phonetically according to the <i>Quenya</i> mode</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Letters">Letters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Letters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most notable characteristic of the Tengwar script is that the shapes of the letters correspond to the <a href="/wiki/Distinctive_feature" title="Distinctive feature">distinctive features</a> of the sounds they represent. The Quenya consonant system has five <a href="/wiki/Place_of_articulation" title="Place of articulation">places of articulation</a>: <a href="/wiki/Labial_consonant" title="Labial consonant">labial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dental_consonant" title="Dental consonant">dental</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palatal_consonant" title="Palatal consonant">palatal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Velar_consonant" title="Velar consonant">velar</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Glottal_consonant" title="Glottal consonant">glottal</a>. The velars distinguish between plain and labialized (that is, articulated with rounded lips, or followed by a <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[w]</span> sound). Each point of articulation, and the corresponding tengwa series, has a name in the classical Quenya mode. Dental sounds are called <i>Tincotéma</i> and are represented with the Tengwar in column I. Labial sounds are called <i>Parmatéma</i>, and represented by the column II Tengwar; velar sounds are called <i>Calmatéma</i>, represented by column III; and labialized velar sounds are called <i>Quessetéma</i>, represented by the <i>Tengwar</i> of column IV. Palatal sounds are called <i>Tyelpetéma</i> and have no tengwa series of their own, but are represented by column III letters with an added diacritic for following <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[j]</span>. </p><p>Similarly shaped letters reflect not only similar places of articulation, but also similar manners of articulation. In the classical Quenya mode, row 1 represents voiceless stops, row 2 voiced prenasalized stops, row 3 voiceless fricatives, row 4 voiceless prenasalized stops, row 5 nasal stops, and row 6 approximants.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Regularly_formed">Regularly formed</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Regularly formed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most letters are constructed by a combination of two basic shapes: a vertical <b>stem</b> (either long or short) and either one or two rounded <b>bows</b> (which may or may not be underscored, and may be on the left or right of the stem). </p><p>These principal letters are divided into four series ("témar") that correspond to the main places of articulation and into six grades ("tyeller") that correspond to the main <a href="/wiki/Manner_of_articulation" title="Manner of articulation">manners of articulation</a>. Both vary among modes. </p><p>Each series is headed by the basic signs composed of a vertical stem descending below the line, and a single bow. These basic signs represent the <a href="/wiki/Phonation" title="Phonation">voiceless</a> <a href="/wiki/Stop_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Stop consonant">stop consonants</a> for that series. For the classical Quenya mode, they are <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/t/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/p/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʷ/</span>, and the series are named <i>tincotéma</i>, <i>parmatéma</i>, <i>calmatéma</i>, and <i>quessetéma</i>, respectively; téma means "series" in Quenya. </p><p>In rows of the <i>general use</i>, there are the following correspondences between letter shapes and manners of articulation: </p> <ul><li>Doubling the bow turns the <a href="/wiki/Phonation" title="Phonation">voiceless consonant</a> into a voiced one.</li> <li>Raising the stem above the line turns it into the corresponding <a href="/wiki/Fricative_consonant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fricative consonant">fricative</a>.</li> <li>Shortening it (so it is only the height of the bow) creates the corresponding <a href="/wiki/Nasal_consonant" title="Nasal consonant">nasal</a>. In most modes, the signs with shortened stem and single bow do not correspond to the <a href="/wiki/Phonation" title="Phonation">voiceless</a> nasals, but to the <a href="/wiki/Approximant" title="Approximant">approximants</a>.</li></ul> <p>In addition to these variations of the Tengwar shapes, there is yet another variation, the use of stems that are extended both above and below the line. This shape may correspond to other consonant variations required. Except for some English abbreviations, it is not used in any of the better known Tengwar modes, but it occurs in a <a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">Quenya</a> mode where the tengwa Parma with extended stem is used for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/pt/</span> and the tengwa Calma with extended stem is used for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kt/</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Tengwar with raised stems sometimes occur in <a href="/wiki/Glyph" title="Glyph">glyph</a> variants that look like extended stems, as seen in the inscription of the <a href="/wiki/One_Ring" title="One Ring">One Ring</a>. </p><p>An example from the <i>parmatéma</i> (the signs with a closed bow on the right side) in the "general use" of the Tengwar is: </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parmat%C3%A9ma.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Parmat%C3%A9ma.png/60px-Parmat%C3%A9ma.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Parmat%C3%A9ma.png/90px-Parmat%C3%A9ma.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Parmat%C3%A9ma.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="294" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The basic sign, named <i>parma</i>, (with descending stem) represents <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/p/</span> (it happens to look much like the Latin letter <i>P</i>).</li> <li>With the bow doubled, <i>umbar</i>, it represents <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/b/</span>.</li> <li>With a raised stem, <i>formen</i>, it represents <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/f/</span>.</li> <li>With a raised stem and a doubled bow, <i>ampa</i>, it represents generally <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/v/</span> but possibly <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/mp/</span> (depending upon the language).</li> <li>With a short stem and double bow, <i>malta</i>, it represents <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/m/</span>.</li> <li>With short stem and single bow, <i>vala</i>, it represents <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/w/</span>, or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/v/</span> if that has the phonological behaviour of a sonorant (e.g. in Quenya).</li></ul> <p>In languages such as Quenya, which do not contain any voiced fricatives other than "v", the raised stem + doubled bow row is used for the common nasal+stop sequences (<i>nt</i>, <i>mp</i>, <i>nk</i>, <i>nqu</i>). In such cases, the "w" sign in the previous paragraph is used for "v". In the mode of Beleriand, found on the door to <a href="/wiki/Moria_(Middle-earth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moria (Middle-earth)">Moria</a>, the bottom <i>tyellë</i> is used for nasals (e.g., <i>vala</i> is used for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/m/</span>) and the fifth <i>tyellë</i> for doubled nasals (<i>malta</i> for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/mm/</span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Irregularly_formed">Irregularly formed</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Irregularly formed"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are additional letters that do not have regular shapes. They may represent, e.g., <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/r/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/l/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/s/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/h/</span>. Their use varies considerably from mode to mode. Some aficionados have added more letters not found in Tolkien's writings for use in their modes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tehtar">Tehtar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tehtar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehtar.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Tehtar.png/220px-Tehtar.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Tehtar.png/330px-Tehtar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Tehtar.png 2x" data-file-width="409" data-file-height="242" /></a><figcaption>Tehtar</figcaption></figure> <p>A <i>tehta</i> (Quenya "marking") is a <a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">diacritic</a> placed above or below the tengwa. They can represent vowels, consonant doubling, or nasal sound. </p><p>As Tolkien explained in Appendix E of <i>The Lord of the Rings</i>, the <i>tehtar</i> for vowels resemble Latin diacritics: circumflex (î) <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span>, acute (í) <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/e/</span>, dot (i) <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span>, left curl (ı̔) <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/o/</span>, and right curl (ı̓) <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/u/</span>. Long vowels, excepting <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span>, may be indicated by doubling the signs. Some languages from which <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/o/</span> is absent or in which compared to <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/u/</span> it appears sparsely, such as the <a href="/wiki/Black_Speech" title="Black Speech">Black Speech</a>, use left curl for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/u/</span>; other languages swap the signs for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/e/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span>. </p><p>A vowel occurring alone is drawn on the vowel carrier, which resembles <a href="/wiki/Dotless_i" class="mw-redirect" title="Dotless i">dotless i</a> (ı) for a short vowel or dotless j (ȷ) for a long vowel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modes">Modes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Modes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwar_modi2_EN.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tengwar_modi2_EN.svg/440px-Tengwar_modi2_EN.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="625" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tengwar_modi2_EN.svg/660px-Tengwar_modi2_EN.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tengwar_modi2_EN.svg/880px-Tengwar_modi2_EN.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="1350" /></a><figcaption>Three modes of Tengwar<br /><i>Yellow: Classical mode</i><br /><i>Pink: Mode of Beleriand</i><br /><i>Grey: General mode</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Just as with any <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabetic</a> writing system, every specific language written in Tengwar requires a specific <a href="/wiki/Orthography" title="Orthography">orthography</a>, depending on the <a href="/wiki/Phonology" title="Phonology">phonology</a> of that language. These Tengwar orthographies are usually called <i>modes</i>. Some modes follow pronunciation, while others follow traditional orthography. </p><p>Some modes map the basic consonants to <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/t/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/p/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/kʷ/</span> (classical mode in chart at right), while others use them to represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/t/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/p/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/tʃ/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/k/</span> (general mode at right). The other main difference is in the fourth <i>tyellë</i> below, where those letters with raised stems and doubled bows can be either voiced fricatives, as in Sindarin (general mode at right), or nasalized stops, as in Quenya (classical mode). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ómatehtar"><span id=".C3.93matehtar"></span>Ómatehtar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Ómatehtar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In some modes, called <i>ómatehtar</i> (or <i>vowel tehtar</i>) modes, the vowels are represented with <a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">diacritics</a> called <i><a href="/wiki/Tehta" class="mw-redirect" title="Tehta">tehtar</a></i> (Quenya for 'signs'; corresponding <a href="/wiki/Grammatical_number" title="Grammatical number">singular</a>: <i>tehta</i>, 'sign'). These ómatehtar modes can be considered <a href="/wiki/Abugida" title="Abugida">abugidas</a> rather than true <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some ómatehtar modes, the consonant signs feature an inherent vowel. </p><p><i>Ómatehtar</i> modes can vary in that the vowel stroke can be placed either on top of the consonant preceding it, as in <a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">Quenya</a>, or on the consonant following, as in <a href="/wiki/Sindarin" title="Sindarin">Sindarin</a>, English, and the notorious Black Speech inscription on the One Ring. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Full_writing">Full writing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Full writing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <i>full writing</i> modes, the consonants and the vowels are represented by Tengwar. Only one such mode is well known. It is called the "mode of <a href="/wiki/Beleriand" title="Beleriand">Beleriand</a>" and one can read it on the <a href="/wiki/Moria_(Middle-earth)#West-door" class="mw-redirect" title="Moria (Middle-earth)">Doors of Durin</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modes_for_other_languages">Modes for other languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Modes for other languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the publication of the first official description of the Tengwar at the end of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>, others have created modes for other languages such as <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Welsh_(language)" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh (language)">Welsh</a>. Modes have also been devised for other <a href="/wiki/Constructed_language" title="Constructed language">constructed languages</a>; <a href="/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto">Esperanto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lojban" title="Lojban">Lojban</a>. </p><p>Tolkien had used multiple modes for English, including full writing and ómatehtar alphabetic modes, phonetic full modes and phonetic ómatehtar modes known from documents published after his death. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Encoding_schemes">Encoding schemes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Encoding schemes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legacy_encoding">Legacy encoding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Legacy encoding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The contemporary <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> standard in the Tengwar user community maps the Tengwar characters onto the <a href="/wiki/ISO_8859-1" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 8859-1">ISO 8859-1</a> character encoding following the example of the Tengwar typefaces by Dan Smith. This implies a major flaw: If no corresponding Tengwar font is installed, a <a href="/wiki/Mojibake" title="Mojibake">string of nonsense characters</a> appears. </p><p>Since there are not enough places in ISO 8859-1's 191 codepoints for all the signs used in Tengwar orthography, certain signs are included in a "Tengwar A" font which also maps its characters on ISO 8859-1, overlapping with the first font. </p><p>For each Tengwar diacritic, there are four different codepoints that are used depending on the width of the character which bears it. </p><p>Other Tengwar typefaces with this encoding include <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dafont.com/Tengwar-annatar.font">Johan Winge's Tengwar Annatar</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://at.mansbjorkman.net/parmaite.htm">Måns Björkman's Tengwar Parmaitë</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091027083304/http://geocities.com/enrombell/eng_dir/Index.htm">Enrique Mombello's Tengwar Élfica</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061023195729/http://Tengwarformal.limes.com.pl/">Michal Nowakowski's Tengwar Formal</a> (note that most of these differ in details). </p><p>The following sample shows the first article of the <a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" title="Universal Declaration of Human Rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a> written in English, according to the traditional <a href="/wiki/English_orthography" title="English orthography">English orthography</a>. It should look similar to the picture at the <a href="#top">top of the page</a>, but if no Tengwar font is installed, it will appear as a jumble of characters because the corresponding ISO 8859-1 characters will appear instead. </p> <blockquote style="font-family: 'Tengwar Annatar', 'Tengwar Eldamar', 'Tengwar Noldor', 'Tengwar Parmaite', 'Tengwar Formal', 'Tengwar Elfica', 'Tengwar Sindarin', 'Tengwar Quenya', 'Tengwar Gothika'; font-size: 150%; line-height: 150%"><p> j#¸ 9t&5# w`Vb%_ 6EO w6Y5 e7`V`V 2{( zèVj# 5% 2x%51T`Û 2{( 7v%1+- 4hR 7EO 2{$yYO2 y4% 7]F85^ 2{( z5^8I`B5$I( 2{( dyYj2 zE1 1yY6E2_ 5^( 5#4^(7 5% `C 8q7T1T W w74^(692^H -- </p></blockquote> <p>Note: Some browsers may not display these characters properly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unicode">Unicode</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Unicode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Michael_Everson" title="Michael Everson">Michael Everson</a> made a proposal to include the Tengwar in the <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> standard in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The range <span title="𖂀"><a href="/wiki/Unicode#Upluslink" title="Unicode">U+</a>16080</span> to U+160FF in the <a href="/wiki/Supplementary_Multilingual_Plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Supplementary Multilingual Plane">SMP</a> was tentatively allocated for Tengwar in the 2023 Unicode roadmap.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ConScript_Unicode_Registry">ConScript Unicode Registry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: ConScript Unicode Registry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Unicode character block</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#CCE;">Tengwar</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Range</th><td class="infobox-data">U+E000..U+E07F<br />(128 code points)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Plane</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Basic_Multilingual_Plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Basic Multilingual Plane">BMP</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Scripts</th><td class="infobox-data">Artificial Scripts</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major alphabets</th><td class="infobox-data">Tengwar</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Assigned</th><td class="infobox-data">93 code points</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unused</th><td class="infobox-data">35 reserved code points</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source standards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ConScript_Unicode_Registry" title="ConScript Unicode Registry">CSUR</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background:#eee;"><b>Note</b>: Part of the Private-Use Area, font conflicts possible<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Tengwar are included in the unofficial <a href="/wiki/ConScript_Unicode_Registry" title="ConScript Unicode Registry">ConScript Unicode Registry</a> (CSUR), which assigns codepoints in the <a href="/wiki/Private_Use_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Private Use Area">Private Use Area</a>. Tengwar are mapped to the range U+E000–U+E07F. The following Unicode sample (which repeats the one above) is meaningful when viewed under a typeface supporting Tengwar glyphs in the area defined in the ConScript Tengwar proposal. </p> <blockquote style="font-family: 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Kurinto Book Aux', 'Kurinto Sans Aux', 'Constructium', 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', 'Tengwar Telcontar', 'FreeMonoTengwar', 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Eldamar'; font-size: 150%;"><p>            ⸬                   ⸬</p></blockquote> <p>Some <a href="/wiki/Typeface" title="Typeface">typefaces</a> that support this proposal are <a href="/wiki/Everson_Mono" title="Everson Mono">Everson Mono</a>, Tengwar Telcontar,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Constructium, Tengwar Formal Unicode,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and FreeMonoTengwar<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (James Kass's <a href="/wiki/Code2000" title="Code2000">Code2000</a> and <a href="/wiki/Code2001" class="mw-redirect" title="Code2001">Code2001</a> use an older, incompatible version of the proposal). The eight “Aux” variant fonts of Kurinto (such as Kurinto Text Aux, Book Aux, Sans Aux) also support Tengwar.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tengwar</a></b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_UE000_1998_as_of_CSUR_version"><a href="#endnote_UE000_1998_as_of_CSUR_version">[1]</a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_UE000_1998_grey"><a href="#endnote_UE000_1998_grey">[2]</a></sup><br />ConScript Unicode Registry<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E00x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E000: TENGWAR LETTER TINCO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E001: TENGWAR LETTER PARMA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E002: TENGWAR LETTER CALMA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E003: TENGWAR LETTER QUESSE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E004: TENGWAR LETTER ANDO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E005: TENGWAR LETTER UMBAR"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E006: TENGWAR LETTER ANGA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E007: TENGWAR LETTER UNGWE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E008: TENGWAR LETTER THUULE (suule)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E009: TENGWAR LETTER FORMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00A: TENGWAR LETTER HARMA (aha)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00B: TENGWAR LETTER HWESTA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00C: TENGWAR LETTER ANTO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00D: TENGWAR LETTER AMPA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00E: TENGWAR LETTER ANCA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00F: TENGWAR LETTER UNQUE"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E01x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E010: TENGWAR LETTER NUUMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E011: TENGWAR LETTER MALTA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E012: TENGWAR LETTER NOLDO (ngoldo)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E013: TENGWAR LETTER NWALME (ngwalme)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E014: TENGWAR LETTER OORE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E015: TENGWAR LETTER VALA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E016: TENGWAR LETTER ANNA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E017: TENGWAR LETTER VILYA (wilya)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E018: TENGWAR LETTER ROOMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E019: TENGWAR LETTER ARDA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01A: TENGWAR LETTER LAMBE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01B: TENGWAR LETTER ALDA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01C: TENGWAR LETTER SILME"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01D: TENGWAR LETTER SILME NUQUERNA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01E: TENGWAR LETTER AARE (aaze, esse)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01F: TENGWAR LETTER AARE NUQUERNA (aaze n., esse n.)"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E02x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E020: TENGWAR LETTER HYARMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E021: TENGWAR LETTER HWESTA SINDARINWA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E022: TENGWAR LETTER YANTA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E023: TENGWAR LETTER UURE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E024: TENGWAR LETTER HALLA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E025: TENGWAR LETTER SHORT CARRIER"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E026: TENGWAR LETTER LONG CARRIER"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E027: TENGWAR LETTER ANNA SINDARINWA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E028: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED THUULE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E029: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED FORMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02A: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED HARMA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02B: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED HWESTA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02C: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED ANTO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02D: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED AMPA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02E: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED ANCA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02F: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED UNQUE"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E03x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E030: TENGWAR LETTER STEMLESS OORE (digit zero)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E031: TENGWAR LETTER STEMLESS VALA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E032: TENGWAR LETTER STEMLESS ANNA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E033: TENGWAR LETTER STEMLESS VILYA (digit one)"> </td> <td title="U+E034: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E035: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E036: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E037: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E038: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E039: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03A: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03B: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03C: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03D: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03E: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03F: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E04x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E040: TENGWAR SIGN THREE DOTS ABOVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E041: TENGWAR SIGN THREE DOTS BELOW"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E042: TENGWAR SIGN TWO DOTS ABOVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E043: TENGWAR SIGN TWO DOTS BELOW"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E044: TENGWAR SIGN AMATICSE (dot above)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E045: TENGWAR SIGN NUNTICSE (dot below)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E046: TENGWAR SIGN ACUTE (andaith, long mark)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E047: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLE ACUTE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E048: TENGWAR SIGN RIGHT CURL"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E049: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLE RIGHT CURL"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04A: TENGWAR SIGN LEFT CURL"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04B: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLE LEFT CURL"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04C: TENGWAR SIGN NASALIZER"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04D: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLER"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04E: TENGWAR SIGN TILDE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04F: TENGWAR SIGN BREVE"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E05x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E050: TENGWAR PUSTA (putta, stop)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E051: TENGWAR DOUBLE PUSTA (putta)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E052: TENGWAR EXCLAMATION MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E053: TENGWAR QUESTION MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E054: TENGWAR SECTION MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E055: TENGWAR LONG SECTION MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E056: TENGWAR SIGN LONG CARRIER BELOW"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E057: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLE ACUTE BELOW"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E058: TENGWAR SIGN RIGHT CURL BELOW"> </td> <td title="U+E059: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E05A: TENGWAR SIGN LEFT CURL BELOW"> </td> <td title="U+E05B: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E05C: TENGWAR SIGN LEFT FOLLOWING SILME"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E05D: TENGWAR SIGN RIGHT FOLLOWING SILME"> </td> <td title="U+E05E: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E05F: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E06x </td> <td title="U+E060: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E061: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E062: TENGWAR DIGIT TWO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E063: TENGWAR DIGIT THREE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E064: TENGWAR DIGIT FOUR"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E065: TENGWAR DIGIT FIVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E066: TENGWAR DIGIT SIX"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E067: TENGWAR DIGIT SEVEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E068: TENGWAR DIGIT EIGHT"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E069: TENGWAR DIGIT NINE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E06A: TENGWAR DUODECIMAL DIGIT TEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E06B: TENGWAR DUODECIMAL DIGIT ELEVEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E06C: TENGWAR DECIMAL BASE MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E06D: TENGWAR DUODECIMAL BASE MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E06E: TENGWAR DUODECIMAL LEAST SIGNIFICANT DIGIT MARK"> </td> <td title="U+E06F: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E07x </td> <td title="U+E070: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E071: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E072: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E073: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E074: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E075: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E076: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E077: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E078: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E079: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E07A: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E07B: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E07C: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E07D: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E07E: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E07F: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small;text-align:left"><b>Notes</b> <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_UE000_1998_as_of_CSUR_version"><b><a href="#ref_UE000_1998_as_of_CSUR_version">^</a></b></span> Proposals 1993-05-09, 1996-09-15; revision 1998-01-10</dd> <dd>2.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_UE000_1998_grey"><b><a href="#ref_UE000_1998_grey">^</a></b></span> Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:#FFFFFF;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tengwar</a></b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_UE000_2001_as_of_CSUR_version"><a href="#endnote_UE000_2001_as_of_CSUR_version">[1]</a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_UE000_2001_grey"><a href="#endnote_UE000_2001_grey">[2]</a></sup><br />ConScript Unicode Registry,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2001 draft proposal<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E00x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E000: TENGWAR LETTER TINCO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E001: TENGWAR LETTER PARMA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E002: TENGWAR LETTER CALMA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E003: TENGWAR LETTER QUESSE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E004: TENGWAR LETTER ANDO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E005: TENGWAR LETTER UMBAR"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E006: TENGWAR LETTER ANGA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E007: TENGWAR LETTER UNGWE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E008: TENGWAR LETTER THUULE (suule)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E009: TENGWAR LETTER FORMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00A: TENGWAR LETTER HARMA (aha)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00B: TENGWAR LETTER HWESTA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00C: TENGWAR LETTER ANTO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00D: TENGWAR LETTER AMPA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00E: TENGWAR LETTER ANCA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E00F: TENGWAR LETTER UNQUE"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E01x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E010: TENGWAR LETTER NUUMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E011: TENGWAR LETTER MALTA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E012: TENGWAR LETTER NOLDO (ngoldo)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E013: TENGWAR LETTER NWALME (ngwalme)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E014: TENGWAR LETTER OORE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E015: TENGWAR LETTER VALA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E016: TENGWAR LETTER ANNA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E017: TENGWAR LETTER VILYA (wilya)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E018: TENGWAR LETTER ROOMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E019: TENGWAR LETTER ARDA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01A: TENGWAR LETTER LAMBE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01B: TENGWAR LETTER ALDA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01C: TENGWAR LETTER SILME"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01D: TENGWAR LETTER SILME NUQUERNA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01E: TENGWAR LETTER AARE (aaze, esse)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E01F: TENGWAR LETTER AARE NUQUERNA (aaze n., esse n.)"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E02x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E020: TENGWAR LETTER HYARMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E021: TENGWAR LETTER HWESTA SINDARINWA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E022: TENGWAR LETTER YANTA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E023: TENGWAR LETTER UURE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E024: TENGWAR LETTER HALLA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E025: TENGWAR LETTER SHORT CARRIER"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E026: TENGWAR LETTER LONG CARRIER"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E027: TENGWAR LETTER ANNA SINDARINWA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E028: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED THUULE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E029: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED FORMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02A: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED HARMA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02B: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED HWESTA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02C: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED ANTO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02D: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED AMPA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E02E: TENGWAR LETTER EXTENDED ANCA"> </td> <td title="U+E02F: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E03x </td> <td title="U+E030: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E031: TENGWAR LETTER STEMLESS VALA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E032: TENGWAR LETTER STEMLESS ANNA"> </td> <td title="U+E033: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E034: TENGWAR LETTER LIGATING SHORT CARRIER"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E035: TENGWAR LETTER ANNA SINDARINWA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E036: TENGWAR LETTER OPEN ANNA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E037: TENGWAR LETTER REVERSED PARMA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E038: TENGWAR LETTER REVERSED FORMEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E039: TENGWAR LETTER TALL STEMLESS VALA"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E03A: TENGWAR LETTER MH"> </td> <td title="U+E03B: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03C: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03D: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03E: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E03F: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E04x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E040: TENGWAR SIGN THREE DOTS ABOVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E041: TENGWAR SIGN THREE DOTS BELOW"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E042: TENGWAR SIGN TWO DOTS ABOVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E043: TENGWAR SIGN TWO DOTS BELOW"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E044: TENGWAR SIGN AMATICSE (dot above)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E045: TENGWAR SIGN NUNTICSE (dot below)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E046: TENGWAR SIGN ACUTE (andaith, long mark)"> </td> <td title="U+E047: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E048: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLE ACUTE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E049: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLE ACUTE BELOW"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04A: TTENGWAR SIGN RIGHT CURL"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04B: TENGWAR SIGN RIGHT CURL BELOW"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04C: TENGWAR SIGN LEFT CURL"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04D: TENGWAR SIGN LEFT CURL BELOW"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04E: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLE RIGHT CURL"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E04F: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLE LEFT CURL"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E05x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E050: TENGWAR SIGN NASALIZER"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E051: TENGWAR SIGN DOUBLER"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E052: TENGWAR SIGN TILDE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E053: TENGWAR SIGN BREVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E054: TENGWAR SIGN GRAVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E055: TENGWAR SIGN YANTA ABOVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E056: TENGWAR SIGN THREE INVERTED DOTS ABOVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E057: TENGWAR SIGN LONG CARRIER BELOWR"> </td> <td title="U+E058: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E059: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E05A: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E05B: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E05C: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E05D: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E05E: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E05F: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E06x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E060: TENGWAR PUSTA (putta, stop)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E061: TENGWAR DOUBLE PUSTA (putta)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E062: TENGWAR TRIPLE PUSTA (putta)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E063: TENGWAR QUADRUPLE PUSTA (putta"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E064: TENGWAR QUINTUPLE PUSTA (putta)"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E065: TENGWAR EXCLAMATION MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E066: TENGWAR QUESTION MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E067: TENGWAR PARENTHESIS MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E068: TENGWAR SECTION MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E069: TENGWAR DOUBLE SECTION MARK"> </td> <td title="U+E06A: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E06B: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E06C: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E06D: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E06E: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E06F: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small">U+E07x </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E070: TENGWAR DIGIT ZEO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E071: TENGWAR DIGIT ONE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E072: TENGWAR DIGIT TWO"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E073: TENGWAR DIGIT THREE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E074: TENGWAR DIGIT FOUR"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E075: TENGWAR DIGIT FIVE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E076: TENGWAR DIGIT SIX"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E077: TENGWAR DIGIT SEVEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E078: TENGWAR DIGIT EIGHT"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E079: TENGWAR DIGIT NINE"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E07A: TENGWAR DUODECIMAL DIGIT TEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E07B: TENGWAR DUODECIMAL DIGIT ELEVEN"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E07C: TENGWAR DECIMAL BASE MARK"> </td> <td style="font-family:'Tengwar Telcontar', Constructium, 'Tengwar Formal Unicode', FreeMonoTengwar, 'Everson Mono', 'Tengwar Formal CSUR', 'Kurinto Text Aux', 'Tengwar Eldamar';" title="U+E07D: TENGWAR DUODECIMAL LEAST SIGNIFICANT DIGIT MARK"> </td> <td title="U+E07E: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td> <td title="U+E07F: Reserved" style="background-color:#CCCCCC;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:#F8F8F8;font-size:small;text-align:left"><b>Notes</b> <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_UE000_2001_as_of_CSUR_version"><b><a href="#ref_UE000_2001_as_of_CSUR_version">^</a></b></span> Proposal 2001-03-07</dd> <dd>2.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_UE000_2001_grey"><b><a href="#ref_UE000_2001_grey">^</a></b></span> Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Tengwar letters CSUR encoding </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Image</th> <th>CSUR</th> <th>Designation annotation </th></tr> <tr> <td>tinco</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_tinco.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="tinco"><img alt="tinco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Tengwa_tinco.svg/24px-Tengwa_tinco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Tengwa_tinco.svg/36px-Tengwa_tinco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Tengwa_tinco.svg/48px-Tengwa_tinco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E000</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER TINCO </td></tr> <tr> <td>parma</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_parma.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="parma"><img alt="parma" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tengwa_parma.svg/24px-Tengwa_parma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tengwa_parma.svg/36px-Tengwa_parma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tengwa_parma.svg/48px-Tengwa_parma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E001</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER PARMA </td></tr> <tr> <td>calma</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_calma.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="calma"><img alt="calma" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Tengwa_calma.svg/24px-Tengwa_calma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Tengwa_calma.svg/36px-Tengwa_calma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Tengwa_calma.svg/48px-Tengwa_calma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E002</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER CALMA </td></tr> <tr> <td>quessë</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_quesse.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="quessë"><img alt="quessë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tengwa_quesse.svg/24px-Tengwa_quesse.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tengwa_quesse.svg/36px-Tengwa_quesse.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Tengwa_quesse.svg/48px-Tengwa_quesse.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E003</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER QUESSE </td></tr> <tr> <td>ando</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_ando.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ando"><img alt="ando" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tengwa_ando.svg/24px-Tengwa_ando.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tengwa_ando.svg/36px-Tengwa_ando.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Tengwa_ando.svg/48px-Tengwa_ando.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E004</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER ANDO </td></tr> <tr> <td>umbar</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_umbar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="umbar"><img alt="umbar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Tengwa_umbar.svg/24px-Tengwa_umbar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Tengwa_umbar.svg/36px-Tengwa_umbar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Tengwa_umbar.svg/48px-Tengwa_umbar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E005</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER UMBAR </td></tr> <tr> <td>anga</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_anga.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="anga"><img alt="anga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Tengwa_anga.svg/24px-Tengwa_anga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Tengwa_anga.svg/36px-Tengwa_anga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Tengwa_anga.svg/48px-Tengwa_anga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E006</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER ANGA </td></tr> <tr> <td>ungwë</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_ungwe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ungwë"><img alt="ungwë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Tengwa_ungwe.svg/24px-Tengwa_ungwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Tengwa_ungwe.svg/36px-Tengwa_ungwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Tengwa_ungwe.svg/48px-Tengwa_ungwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E007</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER UNGWE </td></tr> <tr> <td>súlë / thúlë</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_s%C3%BAle.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="súlë / thúlë"><img alt="súlë / thúlë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Tengwa_s%C3%BAle.svg/24px-Tengwa_s%C3%BAle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Tengwa_s%C3%BAle.svg/36px-Tengwa_s%C3%BAle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Tengwa_s%C3%BAle.svg/48px-Tengwa_s%C3%BAle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E008</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER THUULE (suule) </td></tr> <tr> <td>formen</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_formen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="formen"><img alt="formen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tengwa_formen.svg/24px-Tengwa_formen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tengwa_formen.svg/36px-Tengwa_formen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Tengwa_formen.svg/48px-Tengwa_formen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E009</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER FORMEN </td></tr> <tr> <td>harma / aha</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_aha.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="harma / aha"><img alt="harma / aha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Tengwa_aha.svg/24px-Tengwa_aha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Tengwa_aha.svg/36px-Tengwa_aha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Tengwa_aha.svg/48px-Tengwa_aha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E00A</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER HARMA (aha) </td></tr> <tr> <td>hwesta</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_hwesta.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="hwesta"><img alt="hwesta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Tengwa_hwesta.svg/24px-Tengwa_hwesta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Tengwa_hwesta.svg/36px-Tengwa_hwesta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Tengwa_hwesta.svg/48px-Tengwa_hwesta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E00B</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER HWESTA </td></tr> <tr> <td>anto</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_anto.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="anto"><img alt="anto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Tengwa_anto.svg/24px-Tengwa_anto.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Tengwa_anto.svg/36px-Tengwa_anto.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Tengwa_anto.svg/48px-Tengwa_anto.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E00C</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER ANTO </td></tr> <tr> <td>ampa</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_ampa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ampa"><img alt="ampa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Tengwa_ampa.svg/24px-Tengwa_ampa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Tengwa_ampa.svg/36px-Tengwa_ampa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Tengwa_ampa.svg/48px-Tengwa_ampa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E00D</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER AMPA </td></tr> <tr> <td>anca</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_anca.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="anca"><img alt="anca" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tengwa_anca.svg/24px-Tengwa_anca.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tengwa_anca.svg/36px-Tengwa_anca.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tengwa_anca.svg/48px-Tengwa_anca.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E00E</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER ANCA </td></tr> <tr> <td>unquë</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_unque.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="unquë"><img alt="unquë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Tengwa_unque.svg/24px-Tengwa_unque.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Tengwa_unque.svg/36px-Tengwa_unque.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Tengwa_unque.svg/48px-Tengwa_unque.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E00F</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER UNQUE </td></tr> <tr> <td>númen</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_n%C3%BAmen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="númen"><img alt="númen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Tengwa_n%C3%BAmen.svg/24px-Tengwa_n%C3%BAmen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Tengwa_n%C3%BAmen.svg/36px-Tengwa_n%C3%BAmen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Tengwa_n%C3%BAmen.svg/48px-Tengwa_n%C3%BAmen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E010</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER NUUMEN </td></tr> <tr> <td>malta</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_malta.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="malta"><img alt="malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Tengwa_malta.svg/24px-Tengwa_malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Tengwa_malta.svg/36px-Tengwa_malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Tengwa_malta.svg/48px-Tengwa_malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E011</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER MALTA </td></tr> <tr> <td>noldo / ñoldo</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_noldo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="noldo / ñoldo"><img alt="noldo / ñoldo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Tengwa_noldo.svg/24px-Tengwa_noldo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Tengwa_noldo.svg/36px-Tengwa_noldo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Tengwa_noldo.svg/48px-Tengwa_noldo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E012</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER NOLDO (ngoldo) </td></tr> <tr> <td>nwalmë / ñwalmë</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_nwalme.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="nwalmë / ñwalmë"><img alt="nwalmë / ñwalmë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Tengwa_nwalme.svg/24px-Tengwa_nwalme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Tengwa_nwalme.svg/36px-Tengwa_nwalme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Tengwa_nwalme.svg/48px-Tengwa_nwalme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E013</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER NWALME (ngwalme) </td></tr> <tr> <td>órë</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_%C3%B3re.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="órë"><img alt="órë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tengwa_%C3%B3re.svg/24px-Tengwa_%C3%B3re.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tengwa_%C3%B3re.svg/36px-Tengwa_%C3%B3re.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tengwa_%C3%B3re.svg/48px-Tengwa_%C3%B3re.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E014</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER OORE </td></tr> <tr> <td>vala</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_vala.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="vala"><img alt="vala" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tengwa_vala.svg/24px-Tengwa_vala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tengwa_vala.svg/36px-Tengwa_vala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tengwa_vala.svg/48px-Tengwa_vala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E015</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER VALA </td></tr> <tr> <td>anna</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_anna.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="anna"><img alt="anna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tengwa_anna.svg/24px-Tengwa_anna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tengwa_anna.svg/36px-Tengwa_anna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Tengwa_anna.svg/48px-Tengwa_anna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E016</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER ANNA </td></tr> <tr> <td>vilya / wilya</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_wilya.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="vilya / wilya"><img alt="vilya / wilya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tengwa_wilya.svg/24px-Tengwa_wilya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tengwa_wilya.svg/36px-Tengwa_wilya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tengwa_wilya.svg/48px-Tengwa_wilya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E017</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER VILYA (wilya) </td></tr> <tr> <td>rómen</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_r%C3%B3men.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="rómen"><img alt="rómen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tengwa_r%C3%B3men.svg/24px-Tengwa_r%C3%B3men.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tengwa_r%C3%B3men.svg/36px-Tengwa_r%C3%B3men.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Tengwa_r%C3%B3men.svg/48px-Tengwa_r%C3%B3men.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E018</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER ROOMEN </td></tr> <tr> <td>arda</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_arda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="arda"><img alt="arda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Tengwa_arda.svg/24px-Tengwa_arda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Tengwa_arda.svg/36px-Tengwa_arda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Tengwa_arda.svg/48px-Tengwa_arda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E019</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER ARDA </td></tr> <tr> <td>lambë</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_lambe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="lambë"><img alt="lambë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Tengwa_lambe.svg/24px-Tengwa_lambe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Tengwa_lambe.svg/36px-Tengwa_lambe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Tengwa_lambe.svg/48px-Tengwa_lambe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E01A</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER LAMBE </td></tr> <tr> <td>alda</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_alda.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="alda"><img alt="alda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tengwa_alda.svg/24px-Tengwa_alda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tengwa_alda.svg/36px-Tengwa_alda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Tengwa_alda.svg/48px-Tengwa_alda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E01B</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER ALDA </td></tr> <tr> <td>silmë</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_silme.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="silmë"><img alt="silmë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Tengwa_silme.svg/24px-Tengwa_silme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Tengwa_silme.svg/36px-Tengwa_silme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Tengwa_silme.svg/48px-Tengwa_silme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E01C</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER SILME </td></tr> <tr> <td>silmë nuquerna</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_silme_nuquerna.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="silmë nuquerna"><img alt="silmë nuquerna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Tengwa_silme_nuquerna.svg/24px-Tengwa_silme_nuquerna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Tengwa_silme_nuquerna.svg/36px-Tengwa_silme_nuquerna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Tengwa_silme_nuquerna.svg/48px-Tengwa_silme_nuquerna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E01D</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER SILME NUQUERNA </td></tr> <tr> <td>essë / áre/áze</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_esse.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="essë / áre/áze"><img alt="essë / áre/áze" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Tengwa_esse.svg/24px-Tengwa_esse.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Tengwa_esse.svg/36px-Tengwa_esse.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Tengwa_esse.svg/48px-Tengwa_esse.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E01E</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER AARE (aaze, esse) </td></tr> <tr> <td>essë nuquerna / áre/áze nuquerna</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_esse_nuquerna.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="essë nuquerna / áre/áze nuquerna"><img alt="essë nuquerna / áre/áze nuquerna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tengwa_esse_nuquerna.svg/24px-Tengwa_esse_nuquerna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tengwa_esse_nuquerna.svg/36px-Tengwa_esse_nuquerna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tengwa_esse_nuquerna.svg/48px-Tengwa_esse_nuquerna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E01F</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER AARE NUQUERNA (aaze n., esse n.) </td></tr> <tr> <td>hyarmen</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_hyarmen.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="hyarmen"><img alt="hyarmen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tengwa_hyarmen.svg/24px-Tengwa_hyarmen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tengwa_hyarmen.svg/36px-Tengwa_hyarmen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tengwa_hyarmen.svg/48px-Tengwa_hyarmen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E020</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER HYARMEN </td></tr> <tr> <td>hwesta sindarinwa</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_hwesta_sindarinwa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="hwesta sindarinwa"><img alt="hwesta sindarinwa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tengwa_hwesta_sindarinwa.svg/24px-Tengwa_hwesta_sindarinwa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tengwa_hwesta_sindarinwa.svg/36px-Tengwa_hwesta_sindarinwa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Tengwa_hwesta_sindarinwa.svg/48px-Tengwa_hwesta_sindarinwa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E021</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER HWESTA SINDARINWA </td></tr> <tr> <td>yanta</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_yanta.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="yanta"><img alt="yanta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Tengwa_yanta.svg/24px-Tengwa_yanta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Tengwa_yanta.svg/36px-Tengwa_yanta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Tengwa_yanta.svg/48px-Tengwa_yanta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E022</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER YANTA </td></tr> <tr> <td>úrë</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_%C3%BAre.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="úrë"><img alt="úrë" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Tengwa_%C3%BAre.svg/24px-Tengwa_%C3%BAre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Tengwa_%C3%BAre.svg/36px-Tengwa_%C3%BAre.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Tengwa_%C3%BAre.svg/48px-Tengwa_%C3%BAre.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E023</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER UURE </td></tr> <tr> <td>halla</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_halla.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="halla"><img alt="halla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tengwa_halla.svg/24px-Tengwa_halla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tengwa_halla.svg/36px-Tengwa_halla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Tengwa_halla.svg/48px-Tengwa_halla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E024</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER HALLA </td></tr> <tr> <td>telco</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_telco.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="telco"><img alt="telco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Tengwa_telco.svg/24px-Tengwa_telco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Tengwa_telco.svg/36px-Tengwa_telco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Tengwa_telco.svg/48px-Tengwa_telco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E025</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER SHORT CARRIER </td></tr> <tr> <td>ára</td> <td style="color: black !important; background-color: white !important;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tengwa_%C3%A1ra.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ára"><img alt="ára" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Tengwa_%C3%A1ra.svg/24px-Tengwa_%C3%A1ra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Tengwa_%C3%A1ra.svg/36px-Tengwa_%C3%A1ra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Tengwa_%C3%A1ra.svg/48px-Tengwa_%C3%A1ra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E026</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER LONG CARRIER </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Tengwar ligatures and extended letters CSUR encoding </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Image</th> <th>CSUR</th> <th>Designation annotation </th></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E027</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER ANNA SINDARINWA </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E028</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER EXTENDED THUULE </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E029</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER EXTENDED FORMEN </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E02A</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER EXTENDED HARMA </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E02B</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER EXTENDED HWESTA </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E02C</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER EXTENDED ANTO </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E02D</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER EXTENDED AMPA </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E02E</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER EXTENDED ANCA </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E02F</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER EXTENDED UNQUE </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E030</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER STEMLESS OORE (digit zero) </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E031</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER STEMLESS VALA </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E032</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER STEMLESS ANNA </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E033</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER STEMLESS VILYA (digit one) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Tengwar accents CSUR encoding </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Image</th> <th>CSUR</th> <th>Designation annotation </th></tr> <tr> <td>amatixe 3</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_amatixe3.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="amatixe 3"><img alt="amatixe 3" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Tehta_amatixe3.GIF/24px-Tehta_amatixe3.GIF" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Tehta_amatixe3.GIF/36px-Tehta_amatixe3.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Tehta_amatixe3.GIF/48px-Tehta_amatixe3.GIF 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E040</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN THREE DOTS ABOVE </td></tr> <tr> <td>unutixe 3</td> <td></td> <td>U+E041</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN THREE DOTS BELOW </td></tr> <tr> <td>amatixe 2</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_amatixe2.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="amatixe 2"><img alt="amatixe 2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Tehta_amatixe2.GIF/24px-Tehta_amatixe2.GIF" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Tehta_amatixe2.GIF/36px-Tehta_amatixe2.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Tehta_amatixe2.GIF/48px-Tehta_amatixe2.GIF 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E042</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN TWO DOTS ABOVE </td></tr> <tr> <td>unutixe 2</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_unutixe2.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="unutixe 2"><img alt="unutixe 2" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Tehta_unutixe2.GIF/24px-Tehta_unutixe2.GIF" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Tehta_unutixe2.GIF/36px-Tehta_unutixe2.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Tehta_unutixe2.GIF/48px-Tehta_unutixe2.GIF 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E043</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN TWO DOTS BELOW </td></tr> <tr> <td>amatixe 1</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_amatixe1.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="amatixe 1"><img alt="amatixe 1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Tehta_amatixe1.gif/24px-Tehta_amatixe1.gif" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Tehta_amatixe1.gif/36px-Tehta_amatixe1.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Tehta_amatixe1.gif/48px-Tehta_amatixe1.gif 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E044</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN AMATICSE (dot above) </td></tr> <tr> <td>unutixe 1</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_unutixe1.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="unutixe 1"><img alt="unutixe 1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tehta_unutixe1.GIF/24px-Tehta_unutixe1.GIF" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tehta_unutixe1.GIF/36px-Tehta_unutixe1.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Tehta_unutixe1.GIF/48px-Tehta_unutixe1.GIF 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E045</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN NUNTICSE (dot below) </td></tr> <tr> <td>tecco</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_tecco.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="tecco"><img alt="tecco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tehta_tecco.gif/24px-Tehta_tecco.gif" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tehta_tecco.gif/36px-Tehta_tecco.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Tehta_tecco.gif/48px-Tehta_tecco.gif 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E046</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN ACUTE (andaith, long mark) </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E047</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN DOUBLE ACUTE </td></tr> <tr> <td>rempe</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_rempe.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="rempe"><img alt="rempe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Tehta_rempe.GIF/24px-Tehta_rempe.GIF" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Tehta_rempe.GIF/36px-Tehta_rempe.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Tehta_rempe.GIF/48px-Tehta_rempe.GIF 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E048</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN RIGHT CURL </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E049</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN DOUBLE RIGHT CURL </td></tr> <tr> <td>rempenuquerna</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_rempenuquerna.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="rempenuquerna"><img alt="rempenuquerna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Tehta_rempenuquerna.GIF/24px-Tehta_rempenuquerna.GIF" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Tehta_rempenuquerna.GIF/36px-Tehta_rempenuquerna.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Tehta_rempenuquerna.GIF/48px-Tehta_rempenuquerna.GIF 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E04A</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN LEFT CURL </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E04B</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN DOUBLE LEFT CURL </td></tr> <tr> <td>amatwe</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_amatwe.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="amatwe"><img alt="amatwe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Tehta_amatwe.GIF/24px-Tehta_amatwe.GIF" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Tehta_amatwe.GIF/36px-Tehta_amatwe.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Tehta_amatwe.GIF/48px-Tehta_amatwe.GIF 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E04C</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN NASALIZER </td></tr> <tr> <td>unuatwe</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_unuatwe.GIF" class="mw-file-description" title="unuatwe"><img alt="unuatwe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Tehta_unuatwe.GIF/24px-Tehta_unuatwe.GIF" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Tehta_unuatwe.GIF/36px-Tehta_unuatwe.GIF 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Tehta_unuatwe.GIF/48px-Tehta_unuatwe.GIF 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E04D</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN DOUBLER </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E04E</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN TILDE </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E04F</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN BREVE </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E050</td> <td>Tengwar PUSTA (putta, stop) </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E051</td> <td>Tengwar DOUBLE PUSTA (putta) </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E052</td> <td>Tengwar EXCLAMATION MARK </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E053</td> <td>Tengwar QUESTION MARK </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E054</td> <td>Tengwar SECTION MARK </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E055</td> <td>Tengwar LONG SECTION MARK </td></tr> <tr> <td>thinnas</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_thinnas.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="thinnas"><img alt="thinnas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Tehta_thinnas.gif/24px-Tehta_thinnas.gif" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Tehta_thinnas.gif/36px-Tehta_thinnas.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Tehta_thinnas.gif/48px-Tehta_thinnas.gif 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E056</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN LONG CARRIER BELOW </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E057</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN DOUBLE ACUTE BELOW </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E058</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN RIGHT CURL BELOW </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E05A</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN LEFT CURL BELOW </td></tr> <tr> <td>sarince</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tehta_sarince.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="sarince"><img alt="sarince" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Tehta_sarince.gif/24px-Tehta_sarince.gif" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Tehta_sarince.gif/36px-Tehta_sarince.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Tehta_sarince.gif/48px-Tehta_sarince.gif 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td> <td>U+E05C</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN LEFT FOLLOWING SILME </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E05D</td> <td>Tengwar SIGN RIGHT FOLLOWING SILME </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Tengwar digits CSUR encoding </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Image</th> <th>CSUR</th> <th>Designation annotation </th></tr> <tr> <td title="STEMLESS OORE">0</td> <td></td> <td>U+E030</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER STEMLESS OORE (digit zero) </td></tr> <tr> <td title="STEMLESS VILYA">1</td> <td></td> <td>U+E033</td> <td>Tengwar LETTER STEMLESS VILYA (digit one) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td></td> <td>U+E062</td> <td>Tengwar DIGIT TWO </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td></td> <td>U+E063</td> <td>Tengwar DIGIT THREE </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td></td> <td>U+E064</td> <td>Tengwar DIGIT FOUR </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td></td> <td>U+E065</td> <td>Tengwar DIGIT FIVE </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td></td> <td>U+E066</td> <td>Tengwar DIGIT SIX </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td></td> <td>U+E067</td> <td>Tengwar DIGIT SEVEN </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td></td> <td>U+E068</td> <td>Tengwar DIGIT EIGHT </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td></td> <td>U+E069</td> <td>Tengwar DIGIT NINE </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td></td> <td>U+E06A</td> <td>Tengwar DUODECIMAL DIGIT TEN </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td></td> <td>U+E06B</td> <td>Tengwar DUODECIMAL DIGIT ELEVEN </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E06C</td> <td>Tengwar DECIMAL BASE MARK </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E06D</td> <td>Tengwar DUODECIMAL BASE MARK </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>U+E06E</td> <td>Tengwar DUODECIMAL LEAST SIGNIFICANT DIGIT MARK </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tengwar has been used in <a href="/wiki/Tolkien_fandom" title="Tolkien fandom">Tolkien fandom</a> since the publication of <i>The Lord of the Rings</i> in the 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the exception of <a href="/wiki/John_Rhys-Davies" title="John Rhys-Davies">John Rhys-Davies</a>, the actors playing the <a href="/wiki/Fellowship_of_the_Ring_(characters)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellowship of the Ring (characters)">Fellowship of the Ring</a> in The Lord of the Rings film trilogy have Tengwar tattoos of the English word <i>nine</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-tattoo_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tattoo-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Footballers such as <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Ag%C3%BCero" title="Sergio Agüero">Sergio Agüero</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Torres" title="Fernando Torres">Fernando Torres</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have tattoos with their first name in Tengwar on their forearms. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cirth" title="Cirth">Cirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Elbereth_Gilthoniel" title="A Elbereth Gilthoniel">A Elbereth Gilthoniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvish_languages_(Middle-earth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elvish languages (Middle-earth)">Elvish languages (Middle-earth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nam%C3%A1ri%C3%AB" title="Namárië">Namárië</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/The_War_of_the_Jewels" title="The War of the Jewels">The War of the Jewels</a></i>, Appendix D to <i>Quendi and Eldar</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAllan" class="citation book cs1">Allan, Jim (ed.). <i>An Introduction to Elvish</i>. Bran's Head Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-905220-10-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-905220-10-2"><bdi>0-905220-10-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Elvish&rft.pub=Bran%27s+Head+Books&rft.isbn=0-905220-10-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hobbit" title="The Hobbit">The Hobbit</a></i>, most editions with colour plates.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>, Appendix E, "Writing: The Fëanorian Letters "</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS1">DTS 1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS13">DTS 13</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS14">DTS 14</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS15">DTS 15</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS22">DTS 22</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS24">DTS 24</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS50">DTS 50</a>/<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS51">51</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS10">DTS 10</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS16">DTS 16</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS17">DTS 17</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS18">DTS 18</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html#DTS23">DTS 23</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Facsimiled in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lays_of_Beleriand" title="The Lays of Beleriand">The Lays of Beleriand</a></i>:299.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTyler2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/J._E._A._Tyler" class="mw-redirect" title="J. E. A. Tyler">Tyler, J. E. A.</a> (2022). <i>The Complete Tolkien Companion</i>. Pan Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-0350-0857-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-0350-0857-5"><bdi>978-1-0350-0857-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Tolkien+Companion&rft.pub=Pan+Books&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1-0350-0857-5&rft.aulast=Tyler&rft.aufirst=J.+E.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <i><a href="/wiki/Parma_Eldalamberon" class="mw-redirect" title="Parma Eldalamberon">Parma Eldalamberon</a></i> 19 (2010), pp. 41–43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartínez2011" class="citation conference cs1">Martínez, Helios De Rosario (2011). "A Methodological Study of the Elvish Writing Systems". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cq2QRcYySHIC&pg=PA1"><i>Proceedings of the Third International Conference on JRR Tolkien's Invented Languages, Omentielva Nelya, Whitehaven, 6-9 August 2009</i></a>. Arda Philology. Vol. 3. The Arda Society. pp. 1–25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-91-973500-3-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-91-973500-3-7"><bdi>978-91-973500-3-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=A+Methodological+Study+of+the+Elvish+Writing+Systems&rft.btitle=Proceedings+of+the+Third+International+Conference+on+JRR+Tolkien%27s+Invented+Languages%2C+Omentielva+Nelya%2C+Whitehaven%2C+6-9+August+2009&rft.series=Arda+Philology&rft.pages=1-25&rft.pub=The+Arda+Society&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-91-973500-3-7&rft.aulast=Mart%C3%ADnez&rft.aufirst=Helios+De+Rosario&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcq2QRcYySHIC%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://std.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n1641/n1641.htm">"Proposal to encode Tengwar in Plane 1 of ISO/IEC 10646-2"</a>. <i>std.dkuug.dk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=std.dkuug.dk&rft.atitle=Proposal+to+encode+Tengwar+in+Plane+1+of+ISO%2FIEC+10646-2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstd.dkuug.dk%2FJTC1%2FSC2%2FWG2%2Fdocs%2Fn1641%2Fn1641.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/roadmaps/smp/">"Roadmap to the SMP"</a>. <i>www.unicode.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.unicode.org&rft.atitle=Roadmap+to+the+SMP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2Froadmaps%2Fsmp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEverson" class="citation web cs1">Everson, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/Tengwar.html">"Tengwar: U+E000 - U+E07F"</a>. <i>ConScript Unicode Registry</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ConScript+Unicode+Registry&rft.atitle=Tengwar%3A+U%2BE000+-+U%2BE07F&rft.aulast=Everson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.evertype.com%2Fstandards%2Fcsur%2FTengwar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinge2009" class="citation web cs1">Winge, Johan (15 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freeTengwar.sourceforge.net/tengtelc.html">"Free Tengwar Font Project: Tengwar Telcontar"</a>. <i>J. R. R. Tolkien’s Tengwar script</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=J.+R.+R.+Tolkien%E2%80%99s+Tengwar+script&rft.atitle=Free+Tengwar+Font+Project%3A+Tengwar+Telcontar&rft.date=2009-12-15&rft.aulast=Winge&rft.aufirst=Johan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FfreeTengwar.sourceforge.net%2Ftengtelc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFwust2010" class="citation web cs1">wust, j ‘mach’ (11 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freeTengwar.sourceforge.net/formal.html">"Free Tengwar Font Project: Tengwar Formal CSUR"</a>. <i>J. R. R. Tolkien’s Tengwar script</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=J.+R.+R.+Tolkien%E2%80%99s+Tengwar+script&rft.atitle=Free+Tengwar+Font+Project%3A+Tengwar+Formal+CSUR&rft.date=2010-06-11&rft.aulast=wust&rft.aufirst=j+%E2%80%98mach%E2%80%99&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FfreeTengwar.sourceforge.net%2Fformal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFwust2009" class="citation web cs1">wust, j ‘mach’ (22 September 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freeTengwar.sourceforge.net/freemonoTengwar.html">"Free Tengwar Font Project: FreeMonoTengwar"</a>. <i>J. R. R. Tolkien’s Tengwar script</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=J.+R.+R.+Tolkien%E2%80%99s+Tengwar+script&rft.atitle=Free+Tengwar+Font+Project%3A+FreeMonoTengwar&rft.date=2009-09-22&rft.aulast=wust&rft.aufirst=j+%E2%80%98mach%E2%80%99&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FfreeTengwar.sourceforge.net%2FfreemonoTengwar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://Kurinto.com/">Kurinto</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/tengwar.html">ConScript Unicode Registry</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/tengwar.html">ConScript Unicode Registry</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evertype.com/standards/iso10646/pdf/tengwar.pdf">2001 draft proposal</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShelton2022" class="citation web cs1">Shelton, Luke (25 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://luke-shelton.com/2022/10/25/anna-voss-experience-tolkien-experience-project-212/">"Anna Voß's Experience — Tolkien Experience Project (212)"</a>. Luke Shelton<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2023</span>. <q>Like most Tolkien obsessed teens, I used to teach myself writing Tengwar. Nowadays I research writing systems by way of typesetting/typography. It's a field very much connected to Philology.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Anna+Vo%C3%9F%27s+Experience+%E2%80%94+Tolkien+Experience+Project+%28212%29&rft.pub=Luke+Shelton&rft.date=2022-10-25&rft.aulast=Shelton&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fluke-shelton.com%2F2022%2F10%2F25%2Fanna-voss-experience-tolkien-experience-project-212%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tattoo-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tattoo_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070306100400/http://www.scifi.com/sfw/issue348/interview.html">"The stars of The Lord of the Rings trilogy reach their journey's end"</a>. SciFi.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scifi.com/sfw/issue348/interview.html">the original</a> on March 6, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 31,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+stars+of+The+Lord+of+the+Rings+trilogy+reach+their+journey%27s+end&rft.pub=SciFi.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scifi.com%2Fsfw%2Fissue348%2Finterview.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaviraj2017" class="citation web cs1">Kaviraj, Tina (22 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sportskeeda.com/football/10-things-you-need-know-about-sergio-aguero">"10 things you need to know about Sergio Aguero"</a>. <i>www.sportskeeda.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sportskeeda.com&rft.atitle=10+things+you+need+to+know+about+Sergio+Aguero&rft.date=2017-02-22&rft.aulast=Kaviraj&rft.aufirst=Tina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sportskeeda.com%2Ffootball%2F10-things-you-need-know-about-sergio-aguero&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.soccerpro.com/thecentercircle/hobbits-dwarves-elves-oh/">"Torres and Aguero's Elvish Obssession [sic]"</a>. <i>The Center Circle - A SoccerPro Soccer Fan Blog</i>. 2014-12-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Center+Circle+-+A+SoccerPro+Soccer+Fan+Blog&rft.atitle=Torres+and+Aguero%27s+Elvish+Obssession+%26%2391%3Bsic%26%2393%3B&rft.date=2014-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.soccerpro.com%2Fthecentercircle%2Fhobbits-dwarves-elves-oh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATengwar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For a list of linguistic material by Tolkien published in the journals <i><a href="/wiki/Parma_Eldalamberon" class="mw-redirect" title="Parma Eldalamberon">Parma Eldalamberon</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Vinyar_Tengwar" class="mw-redirect" title="Vinyar Tengwar">Vinyar Tengwar</a></i>, see <a href="/wiki/Elvish_languages_(Middle-earth)#Bibliography" class="mw-redirect" title="Elvish languages (Middle-earth)">bibliography in Elvish languages (Middle-earth)</a>. </p> <ul><li>Derzhanski, Ivan A. "The Fëanorian Tengwar and the Typology of Phonetic Writing Systems." <i>Vinyar Tengwar</i> 41 (2000): 20–23.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_F._Hostetter" title="Carl F. Hostetter">Hostetter, Carl F.</a> ""Si man i-yulmar n(g)win enquatuva": A Newly-Discovered Tengwar Inscription." <i>Vinyar Tengwar</i> 21 (1992): 6–10.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arden_R._Smith" title="Arden R. Smith">Smith, Arden R.</a>, Irmengard Rauch and Gerald F. Carr. "The Semiotics of the Writing Systems of Tolkien's Middle-earth." In <i>Semiotics around the World: Synthesis in Diversity, I-II</i>, ed. Irmengard Rauch, 1239–42. Berlin, Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, 1997.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengwar&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tengwar" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tengwar">Tengwar</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://at.boktypografen.se/">Amanye Tenceli</a> A general presentation by Måns Björkman of the Tengwar script, with some extrapolations.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/mdtci.html">The Mellonath Daeron Index of Tengwar Specimina</a> — a continuously expanding list of published Tengwar samples</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n1641/n1641.htm">Official proposal to encode Tengwar in Unicode</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/Tengwar.html">Tengwar proposal for ConScript Unicode Registry</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tengtelc.wordpress.com/2009/08/11/number-of-Tengwar-fonts/">A comprehensive list of Tengwar fonts</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freeTengwar.sourceforge.net/">Free Tengwar Font Project</a>, a project promoting <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open_source_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Free and open source software">free and open</a> Tengwar fonts mapped into <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> private use code points</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Languages_of_Middle-earth" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Languages_of_Middle-earth" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_constructed_by_J._R._R._Tolkien" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien">Languages of Middle-earth</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elvish_languages_(Tolkien)" class="mw-redirect" title="Elvish languages (Tolkien)">Elvish languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">Quenya</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nam%C3%A1ri%C3%AB" title="Namárië">Namárië</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quenya_grammar" class="mw-redirect" title="Quenya grammar">Quenya grammar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respective_case" title="Respective case">Respective case</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindarin" title="Sindarin">Sindarin</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Elbereth_Gilthoniel" title="A Elbereth Gilthoniel">A Elbereth Gilthoniel</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%BBnaic" title="Adûnaic">Adûnaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Speech" title="Black Speech">Black Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khuzdul" title="Khuzdul">Khuzdul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valarin" title="Valarin">Valarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westron" title="Westron">Westron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_scripts" title="Tolkien's scripts">Scripts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cirth" title="Cirth">Cirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarati" title="Sarati">Sarati</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tengwar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Linguists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elvish_Linguistic_Fellowship" title="Elvish Linguistic Fellowship">Elvish Linguistic Fellowship</a> (<i>Vinyar Tengwar</i>, <i>Parma Eldalamberon</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Appleyard" title="Anthony Appleyard">Anthony Appleyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helge_Fauskanger" title="Helge Fauskanger">Helge Fauskanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_F._Hostetter" title="Carl F. Hostetter">Carl F. Hostetter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Loback" title="Tom Loback">Tom Loback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Salo" title="David Salo">David Salo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arden_R._Smith" title="Arden R. Smith">Arden R. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Turner" title="Allan Turner">Allan Turner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Secret_Vice" title="A Secret Vice">A Secret Vice</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Etymologies_(Tolkien)" title="The Etymologies (Tolkien)">The Etymologies</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lhammas" title="Lhammas">Lhammas</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth" title="Middle-earth">Middle-earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudotranslation_in_The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="Pseudotranslation in The Lord of the Rings">Pseudotranslation in <i>The Lord of the Rings</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_and_language_in_Middle-earth" title="Sound and language in Middle-earth">Sound and language in Middle-earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundering_of_the_Elves" title="Sundering of the Elves">Sundering of the Elves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Middle-earth" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Middle-earth" title="Template:Middle-earth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Middle-earth" title="Template talk:Middle-earth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Middle-earth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Middle-earth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Middle-earth" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth" title="Middle-earth">Middle-earth</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien">J. R. R. Tolkien</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien_bibliography" title="J. R. R. Tolkien bibliography">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_canon" title="Middle-earth canon">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_legendarium" title="Tolkien's legendarium">Legendarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Middle-earth" title="Outline of Middle-earth">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In Tolkien's<br />lifetime</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hobbit" title="The Hobbit">The Hobbit</a></i> (1937)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i> (1954-55) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fellowship_of_the_Ring" title="The Fellowship of the Ring">The Fellowship of the Ring</a></i> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Shadow_of_the_Past" title="The Shadow of the Past">The Shadow of the Past</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Council_of_Elrond" title="The Council of Elrond">The Council of Elrond</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Towers" title="The Two Towers">The Two Towers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_the_King" title="The Return of the King">The Return of the King</a></i> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Scouring_of_the_Shire" title="The Scouring of the Shire">The Scouring of the Shire</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Tale_of_Aragorn_and_Arwen" title="The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen">The Tale of Aragorn and Arwen</a>"</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Tom_Bombadil" title="The Adventures of Tom Bombadil">The Adventures of Tom Bombadil</a></i> (1962)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Posthumous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Silmarillion" title="The Silmarillion">The Silmarillion</a></i> (1977) <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Ainulindal%C3%AB" title="Ainulindalë">Ainulindalë</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_Tales" title="Unfinished Tales">Unfinished Tales</a></i> (1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Letters_of_J._R._R._Tolkien" title="The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien">The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bilbo%27s_Last_Song" title="Bilbo's Last Song">Bilbo's Last Song</a></i> (1990)</li> <li>The three "Great Tales" <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Children_of_H%C3%BArin" title="The Children of Húrin">The Children of Húrin</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beren_and_L%C3%BAthien" title="Beren and Lúthien">Beren and Lúthien</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fall_of_Gondolin" title="The Fall of Gondolin">The Fall of Gondolin</a></i> (2018)</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fall_of_N%C3%BAmenor" title="The Fall of Númenor">The Fall of Númenor</a></i> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History of<br />composition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_Middle-earth" title="The History of Middle-earth">History of<br />Middle-earth</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>[1–2] <i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Lost_Tales" title="The Book of Lost Tales">The Book of Lost Tales</a></i> (1983–84) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfwine_(Tolkien)" title="Ælfwine (Tolkien)">Ælfwine</a></li></ul></li> <li>[3] <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lays_of_Beleriand" title="The Lays of Beleriand">The Lays of Beleriand</a></i> (1985)</li> <li>[4] <i><a href="/wiki/The_Shaping_of_Middle-earth" title="The Shaping of Middle-earth">The Shaping of Middle-earth</a></i> (1986)</li> <li>[5] <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lost_Road_and_Other_Writings" title="The Lost Road and Other Writings">The Lost Road and Other Writings</a></i> (1987) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Etymologies_(Tolkien)" title="The Etymologies (Tolkien)">The Etymologies</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lhammas" title="Lhammas">Lhammas</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>[6–9] <i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The History of The Lord of the Rings">The History of The Lord of the Rings</a></i> (1988–92) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Notion_Club_Papers" title="The Notion Club Papers">The Notion Club Papers</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>[10] <i><a href="/wiki/Morgoth%27s_Ring" title="Morgoth's Ring">Morgoth's Ring</a></i> (1993)</li> <li>[11] <i><a href="/wiki/The_War_of_the_Jewels" title="The War of the Jewels">The War of the Jewels</a></i> (1994)</li> <li>[12] <i><a href="/wiki/The_Peoples_of_Middle-earth" title="The Peoples of Middle-earth">The Peoples of Middle-earth</a></i> (1996)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Rateliff" title="John D. Rateliff">John D. Rateliff</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_History_of_The_Hobbit" title="The History of The Hobbit">The History of The Hobbit</a></i> (2007)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_F._Hostetter" title="Carl F. Hostetter">Carl F. Hostetter</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Nature_of_Middle-earth" title="The Nature of Middle-earth">The Nature of Middle-earth</a></i> (2021)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Arda" title="History of Arda">Fictional<br />universe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_peoples" title="Middle-earth peoples">Peoples</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_monsters" title="Tolkien's monsters">monsters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ainur_in_Middle-earth" title="Ainur in Middle-earth">Ainur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maiar" title="Maiar">Maiar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balrog" title="Balrog">Balrogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wizards_in_Middle-earth" title="Wizards in Middle-earth">Wizards</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valar" title="Valar">Valar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragons_in_Middle-earth" title="Dragons in Middle-earth">Dragons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancalagon_the_Black" title="Ancalagon the Black">Ancalagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smaug" title="Smaug">Smaug</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarves_in_Middle-earth" title="Dwarves in Middle-earth">Dwarves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagles_in_Middle-earth" title="Eagles in Middle-earth">Eagles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elves_in_Middle-earth" title="Elves in Middle-earth">Elves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Half-elf" title="Half-elf">Half-elven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noldor" title="Noldor">Noldor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundering_of_the_Elves" title="Sundering of the Elves">Sundering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ent" title="Ent">Ents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobbit" title="Hobbit">Hobbits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men_in_Middle-earth" title="Men in Middle-earth">Men</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beorn" title="Beorn">Beornings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr%C3%BAedain" title="Drúedain">Drúedain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BAnedain" title="Dúnedain">Dúnedain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orc" title="Orc">Orcs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trolls_in_Middle-earth" title="Trolls in Middle-earth">Trolls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Middle-earth_characters" title="List of Middle-earth characters">Characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>First and Second Ages <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celebrimbor" title="Celebrimbor">Celebrimbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C3%A4rendil_and_Elwing" title="Eärendil and Elwing">Eärendil and Elwing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elendil" title="Elendil">Elendil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%ABanor" title="Fëanor">Fëanor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingolfin" title="Fingolfin">Fingolfin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finw%C3%AB_and_M%C3%ADriel" title="Finwë and Míriel">Finwë and Míriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil-galad" title="Gil-galad">Gil-galad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BArin" title="Húrin">Húrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isildur" title="Isildur">Isildur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BAthien_and_Beren" title="Lúthien and Beren">Lúthien and Beren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melian_(Middle-earth)" title="Melian (Middle-earth)">Melian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgoth" title="Morgoth">Morgoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thingol" title="Thingol">Thingol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuor_and_Idril" title="Tuor and Idril">Tuor and Idril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BArin_Turambar" title="Túrin Turambar">Túrin Turambar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ungoliant" title="Ungoliant">Ungoliant</a></li></ul></li> <li>Third Age <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elrond" title="Elrond">Elrond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galadriel" title="Galadriel">Galadriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandalf" title="Gandalf">Gandalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorfindel" title="Glorfindel">Glorfindel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldberry" title="Goldberry">Goldberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gollum" title="Gollum">Gollum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saruman" title="Saruman">Saruman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sauron" title="Sauron">Sauron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Bombadil" title="Tom Bombadil">Tom Bombadil</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Middle-earth" title="Geography of Middle-earth">Places</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>First and Second Ages <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beleriand" title="Beleriand">Beleriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmenor" title="Númenor">Númenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valinor" title="Valinor">Valinor</a></li></ul></li> <li>Third Age <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bree_(Middle-earth)" title="Bree (Middle-earth)">Bree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esgaroth" title="Esgaroth">Esgaroth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondor" title="Gondor">Gondor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harad" title="Harad">Harad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isengard" title="Isengard">Isengard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonely_Mountain" title="Lonely Mountain">Lonely Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothl%C3%B3rien" title="Lothlórien">Lothlórien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirkwood" title="Mirkwood">Mirkwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordor" title="Mordor">Mordor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moria,_Middle-earth" title="Moria, Middle-earth">Moria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivendell" title="Rivendell">Rivendell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohan,_Middle-earth" title="Rohan, Middle-earth">Rohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Shire" title="The Shire">The Shire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bag_End" title="Bag End">Bag End</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mithril" title="Mithril">Mithril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palant%C3%ADr" title="Palantír">Palantír</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Book_of_Westmarch" title="Red Book of Westmarch">Red Book of Westmarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_of_Power" title="Rings of Power">Rings of Power</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Ring" title="One Ring">One Ring</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silmarils" title="Silmarils">Silmarils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Trees_of_Valinor" title="Two Trees of Valinor">Two Trees of Valinor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_and_armour_in_Middle-earth" title="List of weapons and armour in Middle-earth">List of weapons and armour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Analysis</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_and_antiquarianism" title="Tolkien and antiquarianism">Elements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_artwork" title="Tolkien's artwork">Artwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_Middle-earth_family_trees" title="Tolkien's Middle-earth family trees">Family trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraldry_of_Middle-earth" title="Heraldry of Middle-earth">Heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_constructed_by_Tolkien" title="Languages constructed by Tolkien">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%BBnaic" title="Adûnaic">Adûnaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Speech" title="Black Speech">Black Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvish_languages_of_Middle-earth" title="Elvish languages of Middle-earth">Elvish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">Quenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindarin" title="Sindarin">Sindarin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khuzdul" title="Khuzdul">Khuzdul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valarin" title="Valarin">Valarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westron" title="Westron">Westron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_maps" title="Tolkien's maps">Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_poetry" title="Tolkien's poetry">Tolkien's poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_scripts" title="Tolkien's scripts">Scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cirth" title="Cirth">Cirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarati" title="Sarati">Sarati</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tengwar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Themes_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="Themes of The Lord of the Rings">Themes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anachronism_in_Middle-earth" title="Anachronism in Middle-earth">Anachronism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancestry_as_guide_to_character_in_Tolkien%27s_legendarium" title="Ancestry as guide to character in Tolkien's legendarium">Ancestry as guide to character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_in_Middle-earth" title="Architecture in Middle-earth">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Middle-earth" title="Christianity in Middle-earth">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmology_of_Tolkien%27s_legendarium" title="Cosmology of Tolkien's legendarium">Cosmology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_round_world_dilemma" title="Tolkien's round world dilemma">Round World dilemma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_immortality_in_Middle-earth" title="Death and immortality in Middle-earth">Death and immortality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decline_and_fall_in_Middle-earth" title="Decline and fall in Middle-earth">Decline and fall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreams_and_visions_in_Middle-earth" title="Dreams and visions in Middle-earth">Dreams and visions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Middle-earth" title="Economy of Middle-earth">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_in_Middle-earth" title="England in Middle-earth">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism_in_The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="Environmentalism in The Lord of the Rings">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_in_Middle-earth" title="Evil in Middle-earth">Evil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_War_and_Middle-earth" title="The Great War and Middle-earth">First World War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forests_in_Middle-earth" title="Forests in Middle-earth">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_frame_stories" title="Tolkien's frame stories">Frame stories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell_and_Middle-earth" title="Hell and Middle-earth">Hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroism_in_The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="Heroism in The Lord of the Rings">Heroism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_light_in_Tolkien%27s_legendarium" title="Christian light in Tolkien's legendarium">Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luck_and_fate_in_Middle-earth" title="Luck and fate in Middle-earth">Luck and fate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_in_Middle-earth" title="Magic in Middle-earth">Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mental_illness_in_Middle-earth" title="Mental illness in Middle-earth">Mental illness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_and_the_modernists" title="Tolkien and the modernists">Modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_moral_dilemma" title="Tolkien's moral dilemma">Moral dilemma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Middle-earth" title="Music of Middle-earth">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naming_of_weapons_in_Middle-earth" title="Naming of weapons in Middle-earth">Naming of weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_courage_in_Middle-earth" title="Northern courage in Middle-earth">Northern courage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Straight_Road" title="Old Straight Road">Old Straight Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paganism_in_Middle-earth" title="Paganism in Middle-earth">Paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plants_in_Middle-earth" title="Plants in Middle-earth">Plants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_journeys_of_Middle-earth" title="Psychological journeys of Middle-earth">Psychological journeys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quests_in_Middle-earth" title="Quests in Middle-earth">Quests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_and_language_in_Middle-earth" title="Sound and language in Middle-earth">Sound and language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Tolkien%27s_fiction" title="Time in Tolkien's fiction">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trees_in_Middle-earth" title="Trees in Middle-earth">Trees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_impact_on_fantasy" title="Tolkien's impact on fantasy">Tolkien's impact on fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influences_on_Tolkien" title="Influences on Tolkien">Influences</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beowulf_and_Middle-earth" title="Beowulf and Middle-earth"><i>Beowulf</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_influences_on_Tolkien" title="Celtic influences on Tolkien">Celtic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_and_the_classical_world" title="Tolkien and the classical world">Classical world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_influences_on_Tolkien" title="Finnish influences on Tolkien">Finnish language and literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_and_the_medieval" title="Tolkien and the medieval">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_modern_sources" title="Tolkien's modern sources">Modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_and_the_Norse" title="Tolkien and the Norse">Norse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philology_and_Middle-earth" title="Philology and Middle-earth">Philology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_influence_on_Tolkien" title="Shakespeare's influence on Tolkien">Shakespeare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_prose_style" title="Tolkien's prose style">Prose style</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_ambiguity" title="Tolkien's ambiguity">Ambiguity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_mythology_for_England" title="A mythology for England">A mythology for England</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlas_of_Middle-earth" title="The Atlas of Middle-earth">The Atlas of Middle-earth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journeys_of_Frodo" title="Journeys of Frodo">Journeys of Frodo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Map_of_Middle-earth" title="A Map of Middle-earth">A Map of Middle-earth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations,<br />legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Illustrating_Middle-earth" title="Illustrating Middle-earth">Artists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Baynes" title="Pauline Baynes">Pauline Baynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cor_Blok" title="Cor Blok">Cor Blok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Ei%C3%9Fmann" title="Anke Eißmann">Anke Eißmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brothers_Hildebrandt" title="Brothers Hildebrandt">Brothers Hildebrandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Dolfen" title="Jenny Dolfen">Jenny Dolfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Fairburn" title="Mary Fairburn">Mary Fairburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donato_Giancola" title="Donato Giancola">Donato Giancola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Howe_(illustrator)" title="John Howe (illustrator)">John Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tove_Jansson" title="Tove Jansson">Tove Jansson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Korotich" title="Alexander Korotich">Alexander Korotich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Lee_(illustrator)" title="Alan Lee (illustrator)">Alan Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Loback" title="Tom Loback">Tom Loback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margrethe_II" title="Margrethe II">Margrethe II of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Nasmith" title="Ted Nasmith">Ted Nasmith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Composers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Hansson" title="Bo Hansson">Bo Hansson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_de_Meij" title="Johan de Meij">Johan de Meij</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._1_The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="Symphony No. 1 The Lord of the Rings">Symphony No. 1 <i>The Lord of the Rings</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings_film_series" title="Music of The Lord of the Rings film series">Music of <i>The Lord of the Rings</i> film series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_The_Hobbit_film_series" title="Music of The Hobbit film series">Music of <i>The Hobbit</i> film series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Rings_of_Power" title="Music of The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power">Music of <i>The Rings of Power</i> TV series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_Guardian" title="Blind Guardian">Blind Guardian</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nightfall_in_Middle-Earth" title="Nightfall in Middle-Earth">Nightfall in Middle-Earth</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Settings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Swann" title="Donald Swann">Donald Swann</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Road_Goes_Ever_On" title="The Road Goes Ever On">The Road Goes Ever On</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Poems_and_Songs_of_Middle_Earth" title="Poems and Songs of Middle Earth">Poems and Songs of Middle Earth</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tolkien_Ensemble" title="The Tolkien Ensemble">The Tolkien Ensemble</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Evening_in_Rivendell" title="An Evening in Rivendell">An Evening in Rivendell</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Night_in_Rivendell" title="A Night in Rivendell">A Night in Rivendell</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/At_Dawn_in_Rivendell" title="At Dawn in Rivendell">At Dawn in Rivendell</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leaving_Rivendell" title="Leaving Rivendell">Leaving Rivendell</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_Tolkien%27s_Middle-earth_writings" title="Impact of Tolkien's Middle-earth writings">Impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_Enterprises" title="Middle-earth Enterprises">Middle-earth Enterprises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Works_inspired_by_Tolkien" title="Works inspired by Tolkien">Works inspired by Tolkien</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_fan_fiction" title="Tolkien fan fiction">Fan fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_in_motion_pictures" title="Middle-earth in motion pictures">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_Calendars" title="Tolkien Calendars">Calendars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle-earth_in_video_games" title="Middle-earth in video games">Video games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_J._R._R._Tolkien_and_his_works" title="List of things named after J. R. R. Tolkien and his works">Things named after Tolkien and his works</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Literary_reception_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="Literary reception of The Lord of the Rings">Literary<br />criticism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Complete_Guide_to_Middle-earth" title="The Complete Guide to Middle-earth">The Complete Guide to Middle-earth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Companion_to_J._R._R._Tolkien" title="A Companion to J. R. R. Tolkien">A Companion to J. R. R. Tolkien</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Interrupted_Music" title="Interrupted Music">Interrupted Music</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Master_of_Middle-Earth" title="Master of Middle-Earth">Master of Middle-Earth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Picturing_Tolkien" title="Picturing Tolkien">Picturing Tolkien</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Question_of_Time_(book)" title="A Question of Time (book)">A Question of Time</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien:_Author_of_the_Century" title="J. R. R. Tolkien: Author of the Century">J. R. R. Tolkien: Author of the Century</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_J._R._R._Tolkien_Companion_and_Guide" title="The J. R. R. Tolkien Companion and Guide">The J. R. R. Tolkien Companion and Guide</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien_Encyclopedia" title="J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia">J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_A_Reader%27s_Companion" title="The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion">The Lord of the Rings: A Reader's Companion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Perilous_Realms" title="Perilous Realms">Perilous Realms</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Road_to_Middle-Earth" title="The Road to Middle-Earth">The Road to Middle-Earth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Splintered_Light" title="Splintered Light">Splintered Light</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_and_the_Invention_of_Myth" title="Tolkien and the Invention of Myth">Tolkien and the Invention of Myth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_Art:_%27A_Mythology_for_England%27" title="Tolkien's Art: 'A Mythology for England'">Tolkien's Art: 'A Mythology for England'</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tolkien:_A_Look_Behind_The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="Tolkien: A Look Behind The Lord of the Rings">Tolkien: A Look Behind The Lord of the Rings</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Tolkien_Compass" title="A Tolkien Compass">A Tolkien Compass</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tolkien:_Maker_of_Middle-earth" title="Tolkien: Maker of Middle-earth">Tolkien: Maker of Middle-earth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tolkien,_Race_and_Cultural_History" title="Tolkien, Race and Cultural History">Tolkien, Race and Cultural History</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_Legendarium:_Essays_on_The_History_of_Middle-earth" title="Tolkien's Legendarium: Essays on The History of Middle-earth">Tolkien's Legendarium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_and_the_Great_War" title="Tolkien and the Great War">Tolkien and the Great War</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Worlds_of_J._R._R._Tolkien" title="The Worlds of J. R. R. Tolkien">The Worlds of J. R. R. Tolkien</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ring_of_Words:_Tolkien_and_the_Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary">The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Constructed_languages" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Constructed_languages" title="Template:Constructed languages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Constructed_languages" title="Template talk:Constructed languages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Constructed_languages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Constructed languages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Constructed_languages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Constructed_language" title="Constructed language">Constructed languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artistic_language" title="Artistic language">Artistic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_language" title="Fictional language">Fictional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_game" title="Language game">Language game</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_auxiliary_language" title="International auxiliary language">International auxiliary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zonal_auxiliary_language" title="Zonal auxiliary language">Zonal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineered_language" title="Engineered language">Engineered</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_language" title="Experimental language">Experimental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_language" title="Musical language">Musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_language" title="Philosophical language">Philosophical</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specific <br />languages<br /> by group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_auxiliary_language" title="International auxiliary language">International<br />auxiliary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babm" title="Babm">Babm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blissymbols" title="Blissymbols">Blissymbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolak_language" title="Bolak language">Bolak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communicationssprache" title="Communicationssprache">Communicationssprache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esperanto" title="Esperanto">Esperanto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjuvilo" title="Adjuvilo">Adjuvilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcaicam_Esperantom" title="Arcaicam Esperantom">Arcaicam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esperanto_II" title="Esperanto II">Esperanto II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ido" title="Ido">Ido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundolinco" title="Mundolinco">Mundolinco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformed_Esperanto" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformed Esperanto">Reformed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A1ni%C3%A7o" class="mw-redirect" title="Romániço">Romániço</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_(Esperantido)" title="Universal (Esperantido)">Universal</a></li> <li>other <a href="/wiki/Esperantido" title="Esperantido">esperantidos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glosa" title="Glosa">Glosa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interglossa" title="Interglossa">Interglossa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiom_Neutral" title="Idiom Neutral">Idiom Neutral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intal_language" title="Intal language">Intal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlingua" title="Interlingua">Interlingua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlingue" title="Interlingue">Interlingue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Sign" title="International Sign">International Sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotava" title="Kotava">Kotava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langue_nouvelle" title="Langue nouvelle">Langue nouvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latino_sine_flexione" title="Latino sine flexione">Latino sine flexione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_Franca_Nova" title="Lingua Franca Nova">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingwa_de_planeta" title="Lingwa de planeta">Lingwa de planeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondial_language" title="Mondial language">Mondial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo_language" title="Neo language">Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nal_Bino" title="Nal Bino">Nal Bino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novial" title="Novial">Novial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasilingua" title="Pasilingua">Pasilingua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambahsa" title="Sambahsa">Sambahsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solresol" title="Solresol">Solresol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sona_(constructed_language)" title="Sona (constructed language)">Sona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unish" title="Unish">Unish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universalglot" title="Universalglot">Universalglot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uropi" title="Uropi">Uropi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volap%C3%BCk" title="Volapük">Volapük</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Zonal_auxiliary_language" title="Zonal auxiliary language">Zonal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrihili" title="Afrihili">Afrihili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budinos" title="Budinos">Budinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efatese_language" title="Efatese language">Efatese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurolengo" title="Eurolengo">Eurolengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guosa" title="Guosa">Guosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortat%C3%BCrk" title="Ortatürk">Ortatürk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Germanic_language" title="Pan-Germanic language">Pan-Germanic language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tutonish" title="Tutonish">Tutonish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Romance_language" title="Pan-Romance language">Pan-Romance language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolatino_Romance" title="Neolatino Romance">Neolatino Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanid" title="Romanid">Romanid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Slavic_language" title="Pan-Slavic language">Pan-Slavic language</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interslavic" title="Interslavic">Interslavic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iazychie" title="Iazychie">Iazychie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runyakitara_language" title="Runyakitara language">Runyakitara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wede" title="Wede">Wede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weltdeutsch" title="Weltdeutsch">Weltdeutsch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Engineered_language" title="Engineered language">Engineered</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AUI_(constructed_language)" title="AUI (constructed language)">aUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basic_English" title="Basic English">Basic English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutton_Speedwords" title="Dutton Speedwords">Dutton Speedwords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithkuil" title="Ithkuil">Ithkuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaba-X" title="Kalaba-X">Kalaba-X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrolinguistics" title="Astrolinguistics">Astrolinguistics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lincos_language" title="Lincos language">Lincos</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_generalis" title="Lingua generalis">Lingua generalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loglan" title="Loglan">Loglan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logopandecteision" title="Logopandecteision">Logopandecteision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lojban" title="Lojban">Lojban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Essay_Towards_a_Real_Character,_and_a_Philosophical_Language" title="An Essay Towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language">Real Character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ro_language" title="Ro language">Ro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toki_Pona" title="Toki Pona">Toki Pona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fictional_language" title="Fictional language">Fictional</a> and<br />other <a href="/wiki/Artistic_language" title="Artistic language">artistic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantean_language" title="Atlantean language">Atlantean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belter_Creole" title="Belter Creole">Belter Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brithenig" title="Brithenig">Brithenig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dritok" title="Dritok">Dritok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dothraki_language" title="Dothraki language">Dothraki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvish_languages" title="Elvish languages">Elvish languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enchanta" class="mw-redirect" title="Enchanta">Enchanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%93len" title="Kēlen">Kēlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiliki_language" title="Kiliki language">Kiliki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klingon_language" title="Klingon language">Klingon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koba%C3%AFan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobaïan">Kobaïan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1adan" title="Láadan">Láadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapine_language" title="Lapine language">Lapine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loxian" title="Loxian">Loxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydnevi" title="Lydnevi">Lydnevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4nti" class="mw-redirect" title="Mänti">Mänti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_constructed_by_J._R._R._Tolkien" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien">Middle-earth languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%BBnaic" title="Adûnaic">Adûnaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quenya" title="Quenya">Quenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindarin" title="Sindarin">Sindarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Middle-earth_languages" title="Category:Middle-earth languages">more...</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na%CA%BCvi_language" title="Naʼvi language">Naʼvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadsat" title="Nadsat">Nadsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newspeak" title="Newspeak">Newspeak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simlish" title="Simlish">Simlish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spocanian" title="Spocanian">Spocanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_in_Star_Wars" title="Languages in Star Wars"><i>Star Wars</i> languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syldavian" title="Syldavian">Syldavian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teonaht" title="Teonaht">Teonaht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsoly%C3%A1ni_language" title="Tsolyáni language">Tsolyáni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_language" title="Utopian language">Utopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valyrian_languages" title="Valyrian languages">Valyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venedic_language" title="Venedic language">Venedic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verdurian_language" title="Verdurian language">Verdurian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenja_language" title="Wenja language">Wenja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ritual and other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balaibalan" title="Balaibalan">Balaibalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damin" title="Damin">Damin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enochian" title="Enochian">Enochian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskayan_language" title="Eskayan language">Eskayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingua_ignota" title="Lingua ignota">Lingua ignota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medefaidrin" title="Medefaidrin">Medefaidrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palawa_kani" title="Palawa kani">Palawa kani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerkish" title="Yerkish">Yerkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaum" title="Zaum">Zaum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constructed_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Constructed script">Constructed script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esperanto_orthography" title="Esperanto orthography">Esperanto orthography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitelen_Pona" title="Sitelen Pona">Sitelen Pona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien%27s_scripts" title="Tolkien's scripts">Tolkien's scripts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cirth" title="Cirth">Cirth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarati" title="Sarati">Sarati</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tengwar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Study</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esperantology" title="Esperantology">Esperantology</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Secret_Vice" title="A Secret Vice">A Secret Vice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bridge_of_Words" title="Bridge of Words">Bridge of Words</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conlanging:_The_Art_of_Crafting_Tongues" title="Conlanging: The Art of Crafting Tongues">Conlanging: The Art of Crafting Tongues</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Land_of_Invented_Languages" title="In the Land of Invented Languages">In the Land of Invented Languages</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Ricerca_della_Lingua_Perfetta_nella_Cultura_Europea" title="La Ricerca della Lingua Perfetta nella Cultura Europea">La Ricerca della Lingua Perfetta nella Cultura Europea</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comparisons</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_between_Esperanto_and_Ido" title="Comparison between Esperanto and Ido">Esperanto/Ido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_between_Esperanto_and_Interlingua" title="Comparison between Esperanto and Interlingua">Esperanto/Interlingua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_between_Esperanto_and_Novial" title="Comparison between Esperanto and Novial">Esperanto/Novial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_between_Ido_and_Interlingua" title="Comparison between Ido and Interlingua">Ido/Interlingua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_between_Ido_and_Novial" title="Comparison between Ido and Novial">Ido/Novial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_between_Interlingue_and_Interlingua" title="Comparison between Interlingue and Interlingua">Interlingue/Interlingua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_between_Lojban_and_Loglan" title="Comparison between Lojban and Loglan">Lojban/Loglan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Constructed_languages" title="Portal:Constructed languages">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_constructed_languages" title="List of constructed languages">List of constructed languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_language_creators" title="List of language creators">List of language creators</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from 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