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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Instruccions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instruccions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Instruccions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instruccions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conjunt_d'instruccions_FMA3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conjunt_d'instruccions_FMA3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Conjunt d'instruccions FMA3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conjunt_d'instruccions_FMA3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conjunt_d'instruccions_FMA4" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conjunt_d'instruccions_FMA4"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Conjunt d'instruccions FMA4</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conjunt_d'instruccions_FMA4-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Conjunt d'instruccions FMA</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 8 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMA_x86" title="FMA x86 - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="FMA x86" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMA_instruction_set" title="FMA instruction set - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="FMA instruction set" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeu_d%27instructions_FMA" title="Jeu d'instructions FMA - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jeu d'instructions FMA" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMA_(set_di_istruzioni)" title="FMA (set di istruzioni) - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="FMA (set di istruzioni)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMA_%EB%AA%85%EB%A0%B9%EC%96%B4_%EC%A7%91%ED%95%A9" title="FMA 명령어 집합 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="FMA 명령어 집합" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMA" title="FMA - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="FMA" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMA_%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="FMA скуп инструкција - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="FMA скуп инструкција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMA%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4%E9%9B%86" title="FMA指令集 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="FMA指令集" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1389239#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" 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pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&oldid=34000722" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Conjunt+d%27instruccions+FMA"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&action=show-download-screen"><span>Baixa com a PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d'aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1389239" title="Enllaç a l'element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><p>El <b>conjunt d'instruccions FMA</b> és una extensió de les instruccions de <a href="/wiki/Streaming_SIMD_Extensions" title="Streaming SIMD Extensions">Streaming SIMD Extensions de</a> 128 i 256 bits del <a href="/wiki/Arquitectura_del_conjunt_d%27instruccions" title="Arquitectura del conjunt d'instruccions">conjunt d'instruccions</a> <a href="/wiki/Microprocessador" title="Microprocessador">del microprocessador</a> <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> per dur a terme operacions <a href="/wiki/Operaci%C3%B3_de_multiplicaci%C3%B3-acumulaci%C3%B3" title="Operació de multiplicació-acumulació">de multiplicació i suma fusionada</a> (FMA). Hi ha dues variants: <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>FMA4</b> és compatible amb els processadors <a href="/wiki/AMD" title="AMD">AMD</a> a partir de l'arquitectura <a href="/wiki/AMD_Bulldozer" title="AMD Bulldozer">Bulldozer</a>. FMA4 es va realitzar en maquinari abans que FMA3. El suport per a FMA4 s'ha eliminat des de <a href="/wiki/AMD_Zen" title="AMD Zen">Zen 1</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>FMA3</b> és compatible amb processadors AMD a partir de l'arquitectura <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piledriver_(microarquitectura)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piledriver (microarquitectura) (encara no existeix)">Piledriver</a> i <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> començant amb <a href="/wiki/Haswell" title="Haswell">processadors Haswell</a> i <a href="/wiki/Broadwell_(microarquitectura)" title="Broadwell (microarquitectura)">processadors Broadwell</a> des del 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Instruccions">Instruccions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Instruccions"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les instruccions FMA3 i FMA4 tenen una funcionalitat gairebé idèntica, però no són compatibles. Tots dos contenen instruccions de <a href="/wiki/Operaci%C3%B3_de_multiplicaci%C3%B3-acumulaci%C3%B3" title="Operació de multiplicació-acumulació">multiplicació i suma fusionada</a> (FMA) per a operacions escalars i <a href="/wiki/SIMD" title="SIMD">SIMD</a> <a href="/wiki/Coma_flotant" title="Coma flotant">de coma flotant</a>, però les instruccions FMA3 tenen tres operands, mentre que les FMA4 en tenen quatre. L'operació FMA té la forma <i>d</i> = round(<i>a</i> · <i>b</i> + <i>c</i>), on la funció arrodonida realitza un <a href="/wiki/Arrodoniment" title="Arrodoniment">arrodoniment</a> per permetre que el resultat encaixi dins del registre de destinació si hi ha massa bits significatius per cabre dins de la destinació. </p><p>La forma de quatre operands (FMA4) permet que <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>c</i> i <i>d</i> siguin quatre registres diferents, mentre que la forma de tres operands (FMA3) requereix que <i>d</i> sigui el mateix registre que <i>a</i>, <i>b</i> o <i>c</i>. La forma de tres operands fa que el codi sigui més curt i la implementació del maquinari una mica més senzilla, mentre que la forma de quatre operands proporciona més flexibilitat de programació. </p><p>Consulteu <a href="/wiki/Conjunt_d%27instruccions_XOP" title="Conjunt d'instruccions XOP">el conjunt d'instruccions XOP</a> per obtenir més informació sobre problemes de compatibilitat entre Intel i AMD.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conjunt_d'instruccions_FMA3"><span id="Conjunt_d.27instruccions_FMA3"></span>Conjunt d'instruccions FMA3</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Conjunt d'instruccions FMA3"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>AMD <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piledriver_(microarquitectura)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piledriver (microarquitectura) (encara no existeix)">Piledriver</a> (2012) i microarquitectures més noves <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMD_Fusion" title="AMD Fusion">APU</a> de segona generació, "Trinity" (32 nm), 15 de maig de 2012</li> <li>"Bulldozer" de segona generació (bdver2) amb nuclis Piledriver, 23 d'octubre de 2012</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Intel <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haswell" title="Haswell">Haswell</a> (2013) i processadors més nous, excepte <a href="/wiki/Pentium" title="Pentium">Pentiums</a> i <a href="/wiki/Celeron" title="Celeron">Celerons</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conjunt_d'instruccions_FMA4"><span id="Conjunt_d.27instruccions_FMA4"></span>Conjunt d'instruccions FMA4</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Conjunt d'instruccions FMA4"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>AMD <ul><li>Processadors "Equip Pesat". <ul><li>Processadors <a href="/wiki/AMD_Bulldozer" title="AMD Bulldozer">basats en bulldozer</a>, 12 d'octubre de 2011</li> <li>Processadors <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piledriver_(microarquitectura)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piledriver (microarquitectura) (encara no existeix)">basats en Piledriver</a></li> <li>Processadors <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steamroller_(microarquitectura)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steamroller (microarquitectura) (encara no existeix)">basats en Steamroller</a></li> <li>Processadors <a href="/wiki/AMD_Excavator" title="AMD Excavator">basats en excavadores</a> (inclòs "v2")</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zen_(microarquitectura)" title="Zen (microarquitectura)">Zen</a> : Les proves de WikiChip mostren que FMA4 sembla que encara funciona (en les condicions de les proves) tot i no ser compatible oficialment i ni tan sols informat per CPUID. Així ho ha confirmat també Agner Fog. Però altres proves van donar resultats incorrectes. Lloc web oficial d'AMD FMA4 Nota de suport CPUs ZEN = AMD ThreadRipper 1900x, R7 Pro 1800, 1700, R5 Pro 1600, 1500, R3 Pro 1300, 1200, R3 2200G, R5 2400G.</li></ul></li> <li>Intel <ul><li>Intel no ha llançat CPU amb suport per a FMA4.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFKusswurm2023"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Kusswurm</span>, Daniel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-9603-5_11"><i>AVX2 Programming – Packed Floating-Point – Part 1</i></a> (en anglès).  Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2023, p. 389–443. <span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-9603-5_11">10.1007/978-1-4842-9603-5_11</a></span>. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1-4842-9603-5" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1-4842-9603-5">ISBN 978-1-4842-9603-5</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=AVX2+Programming+%E2%80%93+Packed+Floating-Point+%E2%80%93+Part+1&rft.aulast=Kusswurm&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=2023&rft.pub=Apress&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+CA&rft.pages=389%E2%80%93443&rft.isbn=978-1-4842-9603-5&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2F978-1-4842-9603-5_11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2F978-1-4842-9603-5_11"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agner.org/optimize/microarchitecture.pdf">The microarchitecture of Intel, AMD and VIA CPUs An optimization guide for assembly programmers and compiler makers</a>» (en anglès). [Consulta: 2 maig 2017].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Frumusanu</span>, Dr Ian Cutress, Andrei. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.anandtech.com/show/16214/amd-zen-3-ryzen-deep-dive-review-5950x-5900x-5800x-and-5700x-tested">AMD Zen 3 Ryzen Deep Dive Review: 5950X, 5900X, 5800X and 5600X Tested</a>» (en anglès). [Consulta: 5 desembre 2023].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E36784_01/html/E36859/gnyeh.html">FMA Instructions - x86 Assembly Language Reference Manual</a>» (en anglès). [Consulta: 5 desembre 2023].</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtingut de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&oldid=34000722">https://ca.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Conjunt_d%27instruccions_FMA&oldid=34000722</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categorias" title="Especial:Categorias">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Microprocessadors" title="Categoria:Microprocessadors">Microprocessadors</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La pàgina va ser modificada per darrera vegada el 24 set 2024 a les 02:22.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">El text està disponible sota la <a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Text_de_la_llic%C3%A8ncia_de_Creative_Commons_Reconeixement-Compartir_Igual_4.0_No_adaptada" title="Viquipèdia:Text de la llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement-Compartir Igual 4.0 No adaptada"> Llicència de Creative Commons Reconeixement i Compartir-Igual</a>; es poden aplicar termes addicionals. 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