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href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF&returnto=%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="আপোনাক এটা একাউণ্ট সৃষ্টি কৰি প্ৰৱেশ কৰিবলৈ অনুৰোধ জনোৱা হৈছে, কিন্তু এয়া বাধ্যতামূলক নহয়" class=""><span>একাউণ্ট সৃষ্টি কৰক</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%B1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6&returnto=%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="বাধ্যতামূলক নহ'লেও প্ৰৱেশ কৰাটো বাঞ্চনীয় [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>প্ৰৱেশ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="অধিক বিকল্প" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ব্যক্তিগত সৰঞ্জাম" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ব্যক্তিগত সৰঞ্জাম</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_as.wikipedia.org&uselang=as"><span>দান কৰক</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF&returnto=%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="আপোনাক এটা একাউণ্ট সৃষ্টি কৰি প্ৰৱেশ কৰিবলৈ অনুৰোধ জনোৱা হৈছে, কিন্তু এয়া বাধ্যতামূলক নহয়"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>একাউণ্ট সৃষ্টি কৰক</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%B1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6&returnto=%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="বাধ্যতামূলক নহ'লেও প্ৰৱেশ কৰাটো বাঞ্চনীয় [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>প্ৰৱেশ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> লগ-আউট কৰা সদস্যৰ বাবে পৃষ্ঠাসমূহ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC:%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" aria-label="সম্পাদনাৰ বিষয়ে অধিক জানক"><span>অধিক শিকক</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%99%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>বৰঙণি</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%A8" title="এই আই.পি. ঠিকনাৰ পৰা কৰা সম্পাদনাসমূহৰ আলোচনা [n]" accesskey="n"><span>এই IPটোৰে যোগাযোগ কৰক</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv 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class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="সূচী" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">সূচী</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">পাৰ্শ্বদণ্ডলৈ যাওক</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">লুকুৱাওক</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">পাতনি</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-শিল্পকলা" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#শিল্পকলা"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>শিল্পকলা</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-শিল্পকলা-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-টোকা" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#টোকা"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>টোকা</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-টোকা-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-তথ্য_সংগ্ৰহ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#তথ্য_সংগ্ৰহ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>তথ্য সংগ্ৰহ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-তথ্য_সংগ্ৰহ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-উৎস" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#উৎস"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>উৎস</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-উৎস-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="সূচী" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="সূচীপত্ৰ টগ'ল কৰক" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">সূচীপত্ৰ টগ'ল কৰক</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="অন্য এটা ভাষাৰ প্ৰবন্ধলৈ যাওক। 184টা ভাষাত উপলব্ধ।" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-184" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">184টা ভাষা</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keurajeu%C3%ABn_Romawi" title="Keurajeuën Romawi – আচিনিজ" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Keurajeuën Romawi" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="আচিনিজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romeinse_Ryk" title="Romeinse Ryk – আফ্ৰিকানছ্" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Romeinse Ryk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="আফ্ৰিকানছ্" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%AE%E1%88%9B_%E1%8C%8D%E1%8B%9B%E1%89%B5" title="የሮማ ግዛት – আমহাৰিক" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የሮማ ግዛት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="আমহাৰিক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Romano" title="Imperio Romano – আৰ্গোনিজ" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Imperio Romano" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="আৰ্গোনিজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanisc_Rice" title="Romanisc Rice – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Romanisc Rice" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الإمبراطورية الرومانية – আৰবী" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الإمبراطورية الرومانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="আৰবী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لإمبراطورية الرومانية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لإمبراطورية الرومانية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الامبراطوريه الرومانيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الامبراطوريه الرومانيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperiu_romanu" title="Imperiu romanu – এষ্টুৰীয়" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Imperiu romanu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="এষ্টুৰীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Румалъул империя – আভেৰিক" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Румалъул империя" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="আভেৰিক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romafo_gindaxo" title="Romafo gindaxo – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Romafo gindaxo" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_imperiyas%C4%B1" title="Roma imperiyası – আজেৰবাইজানী" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Roma imperiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="আজেৰবাইজানী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88" title="روم ایمپیراتورلوغو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="روم ایمپیراتورلوغو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="নিৰ্বাচিত প্ৰবন্ধসমূহ"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Рим империяһы – বাছখিৰ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Рим империяһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="বাছখিৰ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruomas_imper%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Ruomas imperėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Ruomas imperėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyong_Romano" title="Imperyong Romano – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Imperyong Romano" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рымская імперыя – বেলাৰুছীয়" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рымская імперыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="বেলাৰুছীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рымская імпэрыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рымская імпэрыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Римска империя – বুলগেৰীয়" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Римска империя" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="বুলগেৰীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="রোমান সাম্রাজ্য – বাংলা" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রোমান সাম্রাজ্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="বাংলা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impalaeriezh_roman" title="Impalaeriezh roman – ব্ৰেটন" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Impalaeriezh roman" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ব্ৰেটন" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimsko_Carstvo" title="Rimsko Carstvo – বছনীয়" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rimsko Carstvo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="বছনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperi_Rom%C3%A0" title="Imperi Romà – কাতালান" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Imperi Romà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="কাতালান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2%CC%A4-m%C4%81_D%C3%A1%CC%A4-gu%C3%B3k" title="Lò̤-mā Dá̤-guók – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lò̤-mā Dá̤-guók" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Руман импери – চেচেন" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Руман импери" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="চেচেন" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyong_Romano" title="Imperyong Romano – চিবুৱানো" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Imperyong Romano" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="চিবুৱানো" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%95%DB%86%D9%85%DB%8C" title="ئیمپراتۆریەتیی ڕۆمی – চেণ্ট্ৰেল কুৰ্ডিচ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیمپراتۆریەتیی ڕۆمی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="চেণ্ট্ৰেল কুৰ্ডিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperu_Rumanu" title="Imperu Rumanu – কোৰ্ছিকান" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Imperu Rumanu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="কোৰ্ছিকান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_%C4%B0mperiyas%C4%B1" title="Roma İmperiyası – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Roma İmperiyası" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%ADmsk%C3%A1_%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1e" title="Římská říše – চেক" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Římská říše" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="চেক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yr_Ymerodraeth_Rufeinig" title="Yr Ymerodraeth Rufeinig – ৱেলচ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Yr Ymerodraeth Rufeinig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ৱেলচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romerske_Kejserrige" title="Romerske Kejserrige – ডেনিচ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Romerske Kejserrige" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ডেনিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6mische_Kaiserzeit" title="Römische Kaiserzeit – জাৰ্মান" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Römische Kaiserzeit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="জাৰ্মান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0mperatoriya_Roma" title="İmperatoriya Roma – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İmperatoriya Roma" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romski_imperium" title="Romski imperium – ল’ৱাৰ ছোৰ্বিয়ান" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Romski imperium" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="ল’ৱাৰ ছোৰ্বিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8A%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία – গ্ৰীক" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρωμαϊκή Αυτοκρατορία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="গ্ৰীক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire – ইংৰাজী" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Roman Empire" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ইংৰাজী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romia_Imperio" title="Romia Imperio – এস্পেৰান্তো" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Romia Imperio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="এস্পেৰান্তো" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_romano" title="Imperio romano – স্পেনিচ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Imperio romano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="স্পেনিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooma_keisririik" title="Rooma keisririik – এষ্টোনিয়" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rooma keisririik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="এষ্টোনিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erromatar_Inperioa" title="Erromatar Inperioa – বাস্ক" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erromatar Inperioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="বাস্ক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperiu_romanu" title="Imperiu romanu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Imperiu romanu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85" title="امپراتوری روم – ফাৰ্ছী" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امپراتوری روم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ফাৰ্ছী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooman_keisarikunta" title="Rooman keisarikunta – ফিনিচ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rooman keisarikunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ফিনিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_Matanitu_ki_Roma" title="Na Matanitu ki Roma – ফিজিয়ান" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Na Matanitu ki Roma" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="ফিজিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3mverjar%C3%ADki%C3%B0" title="Rómverjaríkið – ফাৰোইজ" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Rómverjaríkið" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="ফাৰোইজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire_romain" title="Empire romain – ফ্ৰেন্স" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Empire romain" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ফ্ৰেন্স" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6%C3%B6msk_Keisertidj" title="Röömsk Keisertidj – নৰ্দাৰ্ন ফ্ৰিছিয়ান" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Röömsk Keisertidj" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="নৰ্দাৰ্ন ফ্ৰিছিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romeinske_Ryk" title="Romeinske Ryk – ৱেষ্টাৰ্ণ ফ্ৰিছিয়ান" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Romeinske Ryk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ৱেষ্টাৰ্ণ ফ্ৰিছিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impireacht_na_R%C3%B3imhe" title="Impireacht na Róimhe – আইৰিচ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Impireacht na Róimhe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="আইৰিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="羅馬帝國 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="羅馬帝國" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampir_romen" title="Ampir romen – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Ampir romen" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impireachd_na_R%C3%B2imhe" title="Impireachd na Ròimhe – স্কটিচ গেইলিক" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Impireachd na Ròimhe" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="স্কটিচ গেইলিক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Romano" title="Imperio Romano – গেলিচিয়ান" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Imperio Romano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="গেলিচিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rr%C3%B3ma_Mburuvi" title="Rróma Mburuvi – গুৱাৰাণী" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Rróma Mburuvi" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="গুৱাৰাণী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BA_%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B9" title="𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2-m%C3%A2_Ti-koet" title="Lò-mâ Ti-koet – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lò-mâ Ti-koet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="האימפריה הרומית – হিব্ৰু" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האימפריה הרומית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="হিব্ৰু" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="रोमन साम्राज्य – হিন্দী" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोमन साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="হিন্দী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Samrajya" title="Roman Samrajya – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Roman Samrajya" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimsko_Carstvo" title="Rimsko Carstvo – ক্ৰোৱেচিয়ান" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rimsko Carstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ক্ৰোৱেচিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romske_m%C3%B3cnarstwo" title="Romske mócnarstwo – আপাৰ ছোৰ্বিয়ান" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Romske mócnarstwo" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="আপাৰ ছোৰ্বিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anpi_Women" title="Anpi Women – হেইটিয়ান ক্ৰিয়ল" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Anpi Women" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="হেইটিয়ান ক্ৰিয়ল" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3mai_Birodalom" title="Római Birodalom – হাঙ্গেৰিয়ান" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Római Birodalom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="হাঙ্গেৰিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="নিৰ্বাচিত প্ৰবন্ধসমূহ"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%BC%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%BD%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հռոմեական կայսրություն – আৰ্মেনীয়" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հռոմեական կայսրություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="আৰ্মেনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%BC%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A7%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%BD%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հռոմէական Կայսրութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Հռոմէական Կայսրութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Roman" title="Imperio Roman – ইণ্টাৰলিংগুৱা" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Imperio Roman" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ইণ্টাৰলিংগুৱা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi – ইণ্ডোনেচিয়" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kekaisaran Romawi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ইণ্ডোনেচিয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_a_Romano" title="Imperio a Romano – ইলোকো" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Imperio a Romano" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ইলোকো" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Рума импери – ইংগুচ" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Рума импери" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ইংগুচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romana_Imperio" title="Romana Imperio – ইডো" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Romana Imperio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ইডো" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3mverska_keisarad%C3%A6mi%C3%B0" title="Rómverska keisaradæmið – আইচলেণ্ডিক" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rómverska keisaradæmið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="আইচলেণ্ডিক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impero_romano" title="Impero romano – ইটালিয়ান" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Impero romano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ইটালিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="ローマ帝国 – জাপানী" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ローマ帝国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="জাপানী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruoman_Empaya" title="Ruoman Empaya – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ruoman Empaya" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/latmo_sosygugje%27a" title="latmo sosygugje'a – লোজ্বান" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="latmo sosygugje'a" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="লোজ্বান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamaharajan_Rum" title="Kamaharajan Rum – জাভানী" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kamaharajan Rum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="জাভানী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="নিৰ্বাচিত প্ৰবন্ধসমূহ"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="რომის იმპერია – জৰ্জিয়ান" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რომის იმპერია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="জৰ্জিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim_imperiyas%C4%B1" title="Rim imperiyası – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Rim imperiyası" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamnekda_Tarumanit" title="Tamnekda Tarumanit – কাবাইল" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tamnekda Tarumanit" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="কাবাইল" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D_%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D" title="Ромэ Империэ – কাবাৰ্ডিয়ান" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Ромэ Империэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="কাবাৰ্ডিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1byintyokshan_Rom" title="A̱byintyokshan Rom – ত্যাপ" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱byintyokshan Rom" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="ত্যাপ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nsi_ya_Roma" title="Nsi ya Roma – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Nsi ya Roma" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Рим империясы – কাজাখ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Рим империясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="কাজাখ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%98" title="ចក្រភពរ៉ូម – খমেৰ" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ចក្រភពរ៉ូម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="খমেৰ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF" title="ರೋಮನ್ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ – কানাড়া" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರೋಮನ್ ಸಾಮ್ರಾಜ್ಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="কানাড়া" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD" title="로마 제국 – কোৰিয়ান" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로마 제국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="কোৰিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Rom%C3%AA" title="Împeratoriya Romê – কুৰ্ডিচ" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Împeratoriya Romê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="কুৰ্ডিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperoureth_Romanek" title="Emperoureth Romanek – কোৰ্নিচ" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Emperoureth Romanek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="কোৰ্নিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperium_Romanum" title="Imperium Romanum – লেটিন" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Imperium Romanum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="লেটিন" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Romano" title="Imperio Romano – লাডিনো" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Imperio Romano" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="লাডিনো" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9imescht_R%C3%A4ich" title="Réimescht Räich – লাক্সেমবাৰ্গিচ" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Réimescht Räich" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="লাক্সেমবাৰ্গিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Рим империя – লেজঘিয়ান" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Рим империя" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="লেজঘিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impero_Roman" title="Impero Roman – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Impero Roman" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romeins_Riek" title="Romeins Riek – লিম্বুৰ্গিচ" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Romeins Riek" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="লিম্বুৰ্গিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%AAo_Roman" title="Impêo Roman – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Impêo Roman" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imper_Roman" title="Imper Roman – ল’ম্বাৰ্ড" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Imper Roman" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ল’ম্বাৰ্ড" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99" title="ຈັກກະວັດໂລມັນ – লাও" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຈັກກະວັດໂລມັນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="লাও" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romos_imperija" title="Romos imperija – লিথুৱানিয়ান" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Romos imperija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="লিথুৱানিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romas_imp%C4%93rija" title="Romas impērija – লাটভিয়ান" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Romas impērija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="লাটভিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empira_R%C3%B4mana" title="Empira Rômana – মালাগাছী" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Empira Rômana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="মালাগাছী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emepaea_R%C5%8Dmana" title="Emepaea Rōmana – মাওৰি" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Emepaea Rōmana" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="মাওৰি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakaisaran_Romawi" title="Kakaisaran Romawi – মিনাংকাবাউ" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kakaisaran Romawi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="মিনাংকাবাউ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Римско Царство – মেচিডোনীয়" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Римско Царство" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="মেচিডোনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="റോമാ സാമ്രാജ്യം – মালায়ালম" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റോമാ സാമ്രാജ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="মালায়ালম" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Ромын эзэнт гүрэн – মংগোলীয়" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ромын эзэнт гүрэн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="মংগোলীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="रोमन साम्राज्य – মাৰাঠী" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रोमन साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="মাৰাঠী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empayar_Rom" title="Empayar Rom – মালয়" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Empayar Rom" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="মালয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperu_Ruman" title="Imperu Ruman – মাল্টিজ" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Imperu Ruman" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="মাল্টিজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amp%C3%A9rio_Romano" title="Ampério Romano – মিৰাণ্ডিজ" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ampério Romano" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="মিৰাণ্ডিজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%AB%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC" title="ရောမအင်ပါယာ – বাৰ্মীজ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရောမအင်ပါယာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="বাৰ্মীজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="روم امپراتوری – মাজেন্দাৰানি" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="روم امپراتوری" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="মাজেন্দাৰানি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impero_Rumano" title="Impero Rumano – নিয়াপোলিটেন" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Impero Rumano" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="নিয়াপোলিটেন" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6%C3%B6msch_Kaiserriek" title="Röömsch Kaiserriek – ল’ জাৰ্মান" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Röömsch Kaiserriek" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ল’ জাৰ্মান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romeinse_Riek" title="Romeinse Riek – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Romeinse Riek" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="रोमन साम्राज्य – নেপালী" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="रोमन साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="নেপালী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="रोमन साम्राज्य – নেৱাৰি" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रोमन साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="নেৱাৰি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romeinse_Keizerrijk" title="Romeinse Keizerrijk – ডাচ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Romeinse Keizerrijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ডাচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romarriket" title="Romarriket – নৰৱেজিয়ান নায়নোৰ্স্ক" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Romarriket" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="নৰৱেজিয়ান নায়নোৰ্স্ক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_romerske_keiserriket" title="Det romerske keiserriket – নৰৱেজিয়ান বোকমাল" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det romerske keiserriket" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="নৰৱেজিয়ান বোকমাল" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire_Roman" title="Empire Roman – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Empire Roman" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_roman" title="Empèri roman – অ’চিটান" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Empèri roman" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="অ’চিটান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%80%E0%AD%9F_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F" title="ରୋମୀୟ ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟ – ওড়িয়া" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରୋମୀୟ ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ওড়িয়া" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Ромы импери – ওছেটিক" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Ромы импери" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ওছেটিক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C" title="ਰੋਮਨ ਸਮਰਾਜ – পাঞ্জাবী" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੋਮਨ ਸਮਰਾਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="পাঞ্জাবী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_romano" title="Imperio romano – পাপিয়ামেণ্টো" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Imperio romano" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="পাপিয়ামেণ্টো" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impire_Romain" title="Impire Romain – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Impire Romain" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6misch_Imperium" title="Römisch Imperium – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Römisch Imperium" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cesarstwo_Rzymskie" title="Cesarstwo Rzymskie – প’লিচ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cesarstwo Rzymskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="প’লিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperi_Roman" title="Imperi Roman – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Imperi Roman" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="رومی سلطنت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رومی سلطنت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%8A" title="روم سترواکي – পুস্ত" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="روم سترواکي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="পুস্ত" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="নিৰ্বাচিত প্ৰবন্ধসমূহ"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Romano" title="Império Romano – পৰ্তুগীজ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Império Romano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="পৰ্তুগীজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumanu_qhapaq_suyu" title="Rumanu qhapaq suyu – কুৱেচুৱা" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rumanu qhapaq suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="কুৱেচুৱা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperi_roman_(sursilvan)" title="Imperi roman (sursilvan) – ৰোমানচ" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Imperi roman (sursilvan)" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="ৰোমানচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperiul_Roman" title="Imperiul Roman – ৰোমানীয়" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Imperiul Roman" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ৰোমানীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Римская империя – ৰাছিয়ান" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Римская империя" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ৰাছিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Римска империя – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Римска империя" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Рим империята – ছাখা" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Рим империята" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="ছাখা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%A8riu_romanu" title="Impèriu romanu – ছাৰ্ডিনিয়ান" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Impèriu romanu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="ছাৰ্ডিনিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mp%C3%A8riu_rumanu" title="Mpèriu rumanu – ছিচিলিয়ান" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mpèriu rumanu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="ছিচিলিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="নিৰ্বাচিত প্ৰবন্ধসমূহ"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire – স্কটছ" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Roman Empire" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="স্কটছ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="رومي سلطنت – সিন্ধী" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="رومي سلطنت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="সিন্ধী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="নিৰ্বাচিত প্ৰবন্ধসমূহ"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimsko_Carstvo" title="Rimsko Carstvo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rimsko Carstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamnkda_Ta%E1%B9%9Bumanit" title="Tamnkda Taṛumanit – তাচেলহিট" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tamnkda Taṛumanit" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="তাচেলহিট" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA" title="රෝමානු අධිරාජ්‍යය – সিংহলা" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රෝමානු අධිරාජ්‍යය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="সিংহলা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Roman Empire" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADmske_cis%C3%A1rstvo" title="Rímske cisárstvo – শ্লোভাক" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rímske cisárstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="শ্লোভাক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimsko_cesarstvo" title="Rimsko cesarstvo – শ্লোভেনিয়ান" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rimsko cesarstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="শ্লোভেনিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emepaea_o_Roma" title="Emepaea o Roma – ছামোন" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Emepaea o Roma" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="ছামোন" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perandoria_Romake" title="Perandoria Romake – আলবেনীয়" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Perandoria Romake" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="আলবেনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Римско царство – ছাৰ্বিয়ান" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Римско царство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ছাৰ্বিয়ান" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roomske_Riek" title="Roomske Riek – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Roomske Riek" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kakaisaran_Romawi" title="Kakaisaran Romawi – ছুণ্ডানীজ" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kakaisaran Romawi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="ছুণ্ডানীজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romerska_kejsard%C3%B6met" title="Romerska kejsardömet – ছুইডিচ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Romerska kejsardömet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ছুইডিচ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dola_la_Roma" title="Dola la Roma – স্বাহিলি" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Dola la Roma" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="স্বাহিলি" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="உரோமைப் பேரரசு – তামিল" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உரோமைப் பேரரசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="তামিল" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="రోమన్ సామ్రాజ్యం – তেলুগু" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రోమన్ సామ్రాజ్యం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="তেলুগু" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="จักรวรรดิโรมัน – থাই" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรวรรดิโรมัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="থাই" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AE%E1%88%9C_%E1%8C%8D%E1%8B%9D%E1%8A%A3%E1%89%B5" title="ሮሜ ግዝኣት – টিগৰিনিয়া" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሮሜ ግዝኣት" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="টিগৰিনিয়া" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim_imperi%C3%BDasy" title="Rim imperiýasy – তুৰ্কমেন" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Rim imperiýasy" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="তুৰ্কমেন" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyong_Romano" title="Imperyong Romano – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Imperyong Romano" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roma_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Roma İmparatorluğu – তুৰ্কী" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Roma İmparatorluğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="তুৰ্কী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B5" title="Рим империясе – তাতাৰ" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Рим империясе" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="তাতাৰ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ufumu_wa_Roma" title="Ufumu wa Roma – তুম্বুকা" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Ufumu wa Roma" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="তুম্বুকা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%85_%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="رىم ئىمپېرىيىسى – উইঘুৰ" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="رىم ئىمپېرىيىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="উইঘুৰ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Римська імперія – ইউক্ৰেইনীয়" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Римська імперія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ইউক্ৰেইনীয়" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="رومی سلطنت – উৰ্দু" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رومی سلطنت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="উৰ্দু" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rim_imperiyasi" title="Rim imperiyasi – উজবেক" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rim imperiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="উজবেক" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inpero_Roman" title="Inpero Roman – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Inpero Roman" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimalaine_imperii" title="Rimalaine imperii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Rimalaine imperii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_qu%E1%BB%91c_La_M%C3%A3" title="Đế quốc La Mã – ভিয়েটনামী" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đế quốc La Mã" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ভিয়েটনামী" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romeins_Ryk" title="Romeins Ryk – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Romeins Ryk" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impire_romin" title="Impire romin – ৱালুন" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Impire romin" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="ৱালুন" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyo_Romano" title="Imperyo Romano – ৱাৰে" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Imperyo Romano" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ৱাৰে" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="罗马帝国 – ৱু চাইনিজ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗马帝国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ৱু চাইনিজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="რომიშ იმპერია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რომიშ იმპერია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2" title="רוימישע אימפעריע – ইদ্দিছ" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="רוימישע אימפעריע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ইদ্দিছ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_%E1%BB%8Cbal%C3%BAay%C3%A9_R%C3%B3m%C3%B9" title="Ilẹ̀ Ọbalúayé Rómù – ইউৰুবা" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ilẹ̀ Ọbalúayé Rómù" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ইউৰুবা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digoz_Lozmaj" title="Digoz Lozmaj – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Digoz Lozmaj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="羅馬帝國 – চীনা" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅馬帝國" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="চীনা" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B4-m%C3%A1_T%C3%A8-kok" title="Lô-má Tè-kok – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lô-má Tè-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="羅馬帝國 – কেণ্টোনীজ" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅馬帝國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="কেণ্টোনীজ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2277#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="আন্তঃৱিকি লিংক সম্পাদনা কৰক" class="wbc-editpage">আন্তঃৱিকি লিংক সম্পাদনা কৰক</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="নামস্থান"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="languageicon" style="font-size:81%;font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>)</span> </li><li style=""> <i><b><span lang="la">Senatus populusque Romanus</span> </b></i>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=SPQR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SPQR (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">SPQR</a>)<br /><span style="font-size:90%;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_of_the_Roman_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senate of the Roman Republic (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Senate</a> and People of Rome</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li><li style=""> <span lang="grc"><i>Βασιλεία Ῥωμαίων</i></span>  <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:81%;font-weight:normal;">(language?)</span><br /><span style="font-size:90%;"><span title="[[:সাঁচ:ISO 639 name grc]] transliteration" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none"><i>Basileía Rhōmaíōn</i></span></span> </li></ul> </div> <hr /></th></tr><tr class=""><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><span style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="nowrap">27 BC – 285/395 AD <span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">(Whole)</span></span></span><br /><span class="nowrap">285 – 476 <span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_Roman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Western Roman Empire (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Western</a>)</span></span></span><br />প্ৰায়<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 330</span> – 1453 <span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Byzantine_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byzantine Empire (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Eastern</a>)</span></span></span></td></tr><tr class=""><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0:Augustus_Aureus_infobox_version.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Aureus of Augustus, the first Roman Emperor. of ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য (Roman Empire)"><img alt="Aureus of Augustus, the first Roman Emperor. of ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য (Roman Empire)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Augustus_Aureus_infobox_version.png/170px-Augustus_Aureus_infobox_version.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Augustus_Aureus_infobox_version.png/255px-Augustus_Aureus_infobox_version.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Augustus_Aureus_infobox_version.png/340px-Augustus_Aureus_infobox_version.png 2x" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="353" /></a></span></div> <div><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aureus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aureus (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Aureus</a></i> of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Augustus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Augustus (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Augustus</a>, the first <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_Emperor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roman Emperor (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Roman Emperor</a>.</div> </div> <hr /></td></tr><tr class=""><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0:Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png" class="mw-file-description" title="১১৭ চনৰ ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য[1]"><img alt="১১৭ চনৰ ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য[1]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png/250px-Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png/375px-Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png/500px-Roman_Empire_Trajan_117AD.png 2x" data-file-width="2534" data-file-height="1614" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">১১৭ চনৰ ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> <hr /></td></tr><tr class=""><th style="text-align:left;">Status</th> <td class="" style="">সাম্ৰাজ্য</td></tr><tr class=""><th style="text-align:left;">ৰাজধানী</th> <td class="" style=""><ul style="list-style: none none; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px;"><li style=""> <span style="font-size:85%;">27 BC – 293 AD<b>:</b></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rome (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Rome</a> </li><li style=""> <span style="font-size:85%;">293–330<b>:</b></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrarchy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrarchy (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)"><i>Rome</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(nominal)</span></a> </li><li style=""> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Western Empire only (in consort with Constantinople) (402–480)</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><span style="padding-left: 0.8em;"> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ravenna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ravenna (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Ravenna</a></span></div> </li><li style=""> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Whole Empire (330–1453)</span><br /><span class="nowrap"><span style="padding-left: 0.8em;"> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantinople&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constantinople (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Constantinople</a><sup id="cite_ref-Constantine_I_306_-_337_AD_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Constantine_I_306_-_337_AD-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></div> </li></ul></td></tr><tr class=""><th style="text-align:left;">সাধাৰণ ভাষা</th> <td class="" style=""><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li>লেটিন <small>(official until 610)</small></li> <li>গ্ৰীক ভাষা <small>(official after 610)</small></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Roman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Languages of the Roman Empire (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Regional / local languages</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class=""><th style="text-align:left;">ধৰ্ম <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th> <td class="" style=""><ul style="list-style: none none; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px;"><li style=""> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">line-height:1.1em</div> </li><li style=""> <span style="font-size:85%;">From AD 380<b>:</b></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=State_church_of_the_Roman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="State church of the Roman Empire (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Christianity</a> </li></ul></td></tr><tr class=""><th style="text-align:left;">Government</th> <td class="" style="">মিশ্ৰ চৰকাৰ, কাৰ্যক্ষেত্ৰত পূৰ্ণ ৰাজতন্ত্ৰ</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><hr style="background-color: #a2a9b0; color: #a2a9b0; width: auto; margin: 2px auto 2px auto;" /></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;">সম্ৰাট</th> <td class="" style=""> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap">27 BC – AD 14</span> </div></th> <td class="" style="">অগষ্টাছ <span style="font-size:90%;">(first)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 98–117 </div></th> <td class="" style="">ৰ্ট্ৰাজান</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 284–305 </div></th> <td class="" style="">ডিঅ’ক্লেটিয়ান</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 306–337 </div></th> <td class="" style="">প্ৰথম কনষ্টেণ্টাইন</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 379–395 </div></th> <td class="" style="">প্ৰথম থিয়’ড’চিয়াছ</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 474–480 </div></th> <td class="" style="">জুলিয়াচ নেপ'ছ<sup>a</sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 527–565 </div></th> <td class="" style="">প্ৰথম জাষ্টিনিয়ান</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 976–1025 </div></th> <td class="" style="">দ্বিতীয় বাছিল</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1449–1453 </div></th> <td class="" style="">একাদশ কনষ্টেণ্টাইন <sup>b</sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><hr style="background-color: #a2a9b0; color: #a2a9b0; width: auto; margin: 2px auto 2px auto;" /></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;">বিধানমণ্ডল</th> <td class="" style="">ৰোমান ছিনেট</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><hr style="background-color: #a2a9b0; color: #a2a9b0; width: auto; margin: 2px auto 2px auto;" /></th></tr><tr class=""><th style="text-align:left;">ঐতিহাসিক যুগ</th> <td class="" style="">ধ্ৰুপদী কালৰ পৰা শেষকালীন মধ্য যুগলৈ</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• ৰোমান প্ৰজাতন্ত্ৰৰ অন্তিম যুদ্ধ </div></th> <td class="" style="">খ্ৰী:পূ: ৩২–৩০</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• সাম্ৰাজ্য প্ৰতিষ্ঠা </div></th> <td class="" style="">30–2 BC</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ<br />চৰম শিখৰত </div></th> <td class="" style="">১১৭</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• কনষ্টাণ্টিন'পল<br />ৰাজধানী ঘোষিত হয় </div></th> <td class="" style="">৩৩০</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_Roman_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Western Roman Empire (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Final</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greek_East_and_Latin_West&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greek East and Latin West (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">East West</a> divide</span> </div></th> <td class="" style="">৩৯৫</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ পশ্চিম অংশৰ পতন </div></th> <td class="" style="">৪৭৬</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• ৪ৰ্থ ক্ৰুচেদ </div></th> <td class="" style="">১২০২–১২০৪</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• কনষ্টাণ্টিন'পলৰ পতন </div></th> <td class="" style="">২৯ মে' 1453</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><hr style="background-color: #a2a9b0; color: #a2a9b0; width: auto; margin: 2px auto 2px auto;" />মাটিকালি <hr style="background-color: #a2a9b0; color: #a2a9b0; width: auto; margin: 2px auto 2px auto;" /></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;">খ্ৰী:পূ: ২৫<sup id="cite_ref-size_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-size-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <td class="" style="">27,50,000 বৰ্গ কি.মি. (10,60,000 বৰ্গ মাইল)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;">১১৭ চন<sup id="cite_ref-size_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-size-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cliodynamics.info_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cliodynamics.info-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <td class="" style="">50,00,000 বৰ্গ কি.মি. (19,00,000 বৰ্গ মাইল)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th style="text-align:left;">390 AD<sup id="cite_ref-size_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-size-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <td class="" style="">44,00,000 বৰ্গ কি.মি. (17,00,000 বৰ্গ মাইল)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><hr style="background-color: #a2a9b0; color: #a2a9b0; width: auto; margin: 2px auto 2px auto;" />জনসংখ্যা<hr style="background-color: #a2a9b0; color: #a2a9b0; width: auto; margin: 2px auto 2px auto;" /></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• খ্ৰী:পূ: ২৫<sup id="cite_ref-size_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-size-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></th> <td class="" style="">5,68,00,000</td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%82%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ইংৰাজী ভাষা">ইংৰাজী</a>: <span lang="en">Roman Empire</span>) (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="লেটিন ভাষা">লেটিন</a>: <span lang="la">Imperium Rōmānum</span> , <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%9A:IPA-la&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="সাঁচ:IPA-la (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">সাঁচ:IPA-la</a> পৌৰাণিক আৰু মধ্যযুগীয় গ্ৰীক ভাষা: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων <i>Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn</i>) হৈছে ৰোমান স্বৰাজোত্তৰ কালৰ সভ্যতা। ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্যখন এজন সম্ৰাটৰ নেতৃত্বত থকা চৰকাৰৰ দ্বাৰা পৰিচালিত হৈছিল আৰু ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ শাসনাধীন অঞ্চলসমূহ মেডিটেৰেনিয়ান সাগৰৰ চাৰিওফালে <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ইউৰোপ (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">ইউৰোপ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" title="আফ্ৰিকা">আফ্ৰিকা</a> আৰু <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="এচিয়া">এচিয়া</a>লৈকে বিস্তৃত আছিল। ইয়াৰ আগেয়ে গৃহযুদ্ধ আৰু ৰাজনৈতিক সংঘাতৰ ফলত ৰোমত বিৰাজমান ৫০০ বছৰীয়া ৰোমান প্ৰজাতন্ত্ৰত প্ৰবল অস্থিৰতাৰ সৃষ্টি হয়। এই কালছোৱাত জুলিয়াচ ছীজাৰক স্থায়ী ডিক্টেটৰ বা ন্যায়পালিকা হিচাপে নিযুক্তি দিয়া হয়। খ্ৰী:পূ: ৪৪-ত তেওঁক কেইজনমান ষড়যন্ত্ৰকাৰীয়ে হত্যা কৰে। ফলস্বৰূপে গৃহযুদ্ধ আৰু হত্যালীলা অব্যাহত থাকে। ছীজাৰৰ তোলনীয়া পুত্ৰ অক্টাভিয়ানে খ্ৰী:পূ: ৩১-ত এক্টিয়ামৰ যুদ্ধত <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="মাৰ্ক এণ্টনী (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">মাৰ্ক এণ্টনী</a> আৰু <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%85%E2%80%99%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="ক্লিঅ’পেট্ৰা">ক্লিঅ’পেট্ৰা</a>ক পৰাজিত কৰে। ইয়াৰ পিছত অক্টেভিয়ান অদমনীয় হৈ উঠে আৰু খ্ৰী:পূ: ২৭ ত ৰোমান ছিনেটে তেওঁক আনুষ্ঠানিকভাৱে অসীম ক্ষমতা দিয়াৰ লগতে অগষ্টাছ উপাধি প্ৰ্দান কৰে। ইয়াৰ লগে লগে ৰোমান প্ৰজাতন্ত্ৰৰো যৱনিকা পৰে। </p><p>ৰোমান প্ৰজাতন্ত্ৰ প্ৰায় ৫০০ বছৰ ধৰি প্ৰচলিত আছিল। ইয়াৰে প্ৰথম দুটা শতিকা ৰাজনৈতিক সুস্থিৰতা আৰু সমৃদ্ধিৰ কাৰণে জনাজাত। এই কালছোৱাক ৰোমান শান্তিৰ যুগ হিচাপে অভিহিত কৰা হয়। অক্টেভিয়ানৰ বিজয়ৰ পিছৰ কালছোৱাত ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ পৰিসৰৰ নাটকীয় পৰিৱৰ্তন ঘটে। ৪১ চনত কেলিগুলাৰ হত্যাৰ পিছত ছিনেটে পুনৰ প্ৰজাতন্ত্ৰ প্ৰতিষ্ঠাৰ কথা বিবেচনা কৰে। কিন্তু ইতিমধ্যে প্ৰেইট’ৰিয়ান দেহৰক্ষী বাহিনীয়ে <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E2%80%99%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ক্ল’ডিয়াচ (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">ক্ল’ডিয়াচ</a>ক সম্ৰাট ঘোষণা কৰে। ক্ল’ডিয়াচৰ নেতৃত্বত ৰোমানসকলে ব্ৰিটানিয়াক নিজ সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ ভিতৰুৱা কৰে। অক্টেভিয়ানৰ পিছত এইটোৱে আছিল সৰ্ববৃহৎ ৰাজ্য বিস্তাৰৰ ঘটনা। ক্ল’ডিয়াচৰ পৰৱৰ্তী সম্ৰাট নীৰোৱে ৬৮ চনত আত্মহত্যা কৰাৰ লগে লগে পুনৰ ৰাজনৈতিক অস্থিৰতাৰ উদ্ভৱ হয়। গৃহযুদ্ধ আৰু বিদ্ৰোহৰ (ইহুদী-ৰোমান যুদ্ধ) লগতে চাৰিজন সেনাধ্যক্ষক সম্ৰাট ঘোষণা কৰা হয়। ৬৯ চনত ইয়াৰে ভেচপাছিয়ানে বিজয় সাব্যস্ত কৰে আৰু ফ্লেভিয়ান ৰাজবংশৰ প্ৰতিষ্ঠা কৰে। তেওঁৰ পুত্ৰ পৰৱৰ্তী সম্ৰাট টাইটাছে ৰোমৰ বিখ্যাত <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E2%80%99%E0%A6%B2%E2%80%99%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="ক’ল’চিয়াম">ক’ল’চিয়াম</a> নিৰ্মাণ কৰে। টাইটাছৰ পিছত ভ্ৰাতৃ ড’মিটিয়ান ৰোমান সিংহাসনত বহে আৰু দীৰ্ঘকাল ৰাজত্বৰ পিছত হত্যাৰ বলি হয়। ইয়াৰ পিছত ছিনেটে পাঁচজন সম্ৰাটক বাছনি কৰে। ইয়াৰে দ্বিতীয়জন সম্ৰাট ট্ৰাজানৰ শাসনকালতে ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্যই সৰ্বোচ্চ শিখৰ লাভ কৰে। </p><p>ক’ম’ডাছৰ ৰাজত্বকালত অস্থিৰতা আৰু পতনোন্মুখ গতি পুনৰ আৰম্ভ হয় আৰু ১৯২ চনত তেওঁ হত্যাৰ বলি হয়। ইয়াৰ পিছত ছেপ্টিমাচ চেভেৰাছ সম্ৰাট হয়। আলেকজেণ্ডাৰ চেভেৰাছৰ হত্যাৰ পিছত ৰোমান ৰাজনৈতিক ক্ষেত্ৰখনত প্ৰবল অস্থিৰতাৰ সৃষ্টি হয় আৰু ৰোমান ছিনেটে মাত্ৰ ৫০ বছৰৰ ভিতৰত ২৬ জন লোকক সম্ৰাট ঘোষণা কৰে। ডিঅ’ক্লেটিয়ানৰ শাসনকালত দেশখন চাৰিতা ভাগত ভাগ কৰি প্ৰত্যেকটো ভাগতে একোজন নিৰ্দিষ্ট শাসনকৰ্তা নিয়োগ কৰা হয় আৰু ইয়াৰ ফলস্বৰূপে দেশলৈ পুনৰ সুস্থিৰতা ঘূৰি আহে। প্ৰথম কনষ্টেণ্টাইনৰ শাসনকালত গৃহযুদ্ধ নিৰ্মূল কৰা হয় আৰু প্ৰতিদ্বন্দ্ব্ব্বীসকলক পৰাভূত কৰি তেওঁ একচ্ছত্ৰী সম্ৰাট হিচাপে অধিষ্ঠিত হয়। কনষ্টেণ্টাইনে ৰোমান ৰাজধানী বিজেণ্টাইনলৈ স্থানান্তৰ কৰে আৰু তেওঁৰ সন্মানাৰ্থে কনষ্টাণ্টিন’পল হিচাপে ঠাইখনৰ নতুন নামকৰণ কৰা হয়। তেওঁ খ্ৰীষ্টিয়ান ধৰ্ম গ্ৰহণ কৰে যি পিছলৈ ৰাষ্ট্ৰধৰ্ম হিচাপে থিতাপি লয়। সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ পূৰ্বীয় অঞ্চলটো বিশ্বৰ এক অগ্ৰণী শক্তি হিচাপে পৰিগণিত হয়।<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> একত্ৰ ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ শেষৰজন সম্ৰাট প্ৰথম থিয়’ড’চিয়াছৰ মৃত্যুৰ পিছত ক্ষমতাৰ অপব্যৱহাৰ, গৃহযুদ্ধ, বহিৰাগতৰ আগ্ৰাসন, অৰ্থনৈতিক মন্দাৱস্থা আদি কাৰণত ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ আধিপত্য ক্ৰমাৎ হ্ৰাস পাবলৈ ধৰে। ৪৮০ চন মানতে সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ পশ্চিম অংশৰ পতন হোৱাৰ বিপৰীতে ১৪৫৩ চনত ইয়াৰ পূব প্ৰান্তৰো পতন ঘটে। </p><p>ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্য অৰ্থনৈতিক, সাংস্কৃতিক, ৰাজনৈতিক আৰু সামৰিক ক্ষেত্ৰত সেই সময়ৰ আটাইতকৈ শক্তিশালী আৰু সমৃদ্ধিশালী সাম্ৰাজ্যসমূহৰ অন্যতম আছিল। ই আছিল ধ্ৰুপদী কালৰ বৃহত্তম সাম্ৰাজ্যসমূহৰ এখন। চৰম শিখৰত থকা কালত ইয়াৰ মাটিকালি আছিল ৫০ লাখ বৰ্গ কিলোমিটাৰ<sup id="cite_ref-size_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-size-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cliodynamics.info_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cliodynamics.info-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> আৰু প্ৰায় ৭ কোটি লোকেৰে ই বিশ্বৰ জনসংখ্যাৰ ২১% ক ধাৰণ কৰি আছিল। ৰোমান সাম্ৰাজ্যৰ বিস্তৃতি আৰু স্থায়িত্বই লেটিন আৰু গ্ৰীক ভাষা, সংস্কৃতি, ধৰ্ম, আৱিষ্কাৰ, স্থাপত্য, দৰ্শন, আইন আৰু চৰকাৰ গাঁথনিৰো বিস্তৃতি আৰু স্থায়িত্ব নিশ্চিত কৰিছিল। </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="শিল্পকলা"><span id=".E0.A6.B6.E0.A6.BF.E0.A6.B2.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.AA.E0.A6.95.E0.A6.B2.E0.A6.BE"></span>শিল্পকলা</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF&action=edit&section=1" title="শাখা সম্পাদনা: শিল্পকলা"><span>সম্পাদনা কৰক</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>শিল্পকলাৰ দিশত ৰোমানসকল যথেষ্ট আগবঢ়া আছিল। ৰোমান স্থাপত্য, বিজয় স্মাৰক বা মুদ্ৰাসমূহত খোদিত চিত্ৰসমূহ সম্ৰাটসকলৰ দৰ্শনৰ এক প্ৰতিফলন হিচাপে নাইবা ঐতিহাসিকভাৱে গুৰুত্বপূৰ্ণ বুলি সততে বিশ্লেষণ কৰা হয়।<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> সৰ্বজনীন স্নানাগাৰসমূহত উচ্চখাপৰ প্ৰাচীৰ চিত্ৰ, ৰোমান মোজাইক, ভাস্কৰ্য আৰু আভ্যন্তৰীন সাজ-সজ্জা দেখিবলৈ পোৱা গৈছিল।<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ধৰ্মীয় কাম-কাজ, সৎকাৰ কৰ্ম, বেপাৰ-বণিজ আৰু ঘৰুৱাভাৱে ব্যৱহাৰ্য সামগ্ৰীসমূহত বিভিন্নধৰণৰ কলাত্মক কৌশলৰ পয়োভৰ দেখা যায়।<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> কলা অনুৰাগী আধ্যৱন্ত লোকসকলে নিজ নিজ ঘৰত চিত্ৰ, ভাস্কৰ্য আৰু অন্যান্য আলংকৰিক আচবাব ৰাখিছিল।<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ৰোমানসকলৰ ওপৰত পৌৰাণিক গ্ৰীক শিল্পকলাৰ স্পষ্ট প্ৰভাৱ বিদ্যমান।<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>কলাৰ যথেষ্ট আদৰ থকা স্বত্বেও প্ৰখ্যাত ৰোমান আৰু গ্ৰীক শিল্পীসকলৰ সামাজিক মৰ্যাদা উচ্চখাপৰ নাছিল। তেওঁলোকে শিল্পীসকলক সাধাৰণ বনুৱাৰ দৰেই গণ্য কৰিছিল। একে সময়তে আকৌ উচ্চ মানবিশিষ্ট কৰ্মৰ বাবে প্ৰয়োজন হোৱা কৌশলক দৈৱ-উপহাৰ হিচাপে গণ্য কৰা হৈছিল।<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="টোকা"><span id=".E0.A6.9F.E0.A7.8B.E0.A6.95.E0.A6.BE"></span>টোকা</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF&action=edit&section=2" title="শাখা সম্পাদনা: টোকা"><span>সম্পাদনা কৰক</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r368696">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Other ways of referring to the "Roman Empire" among the Romans and Greeks themselves included <i><span lang="la">Res publica Romana</span></i> or <i><span lang="la">Imperium Romanorum</span></i> (also in Greek: <span lang="grc">Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων – <i>Basileíā tôn Rhōmaíōn</i></span> – ["Dominion (Literally 'kingdom') of the Romans"]) and <i>Romania</i>. <i><span lang="la">Res publica</span></i> means Roman "commonwealth" and can refer to both the Republican and the Imperial eras. <i><span lang="la">Imperium Romanum</span></i> (or <i><span lang="la">Romanorum</span></i>) refers to the territorial extent of Roman authority. <i><span lang="la">Populus Romanus</span></i> ("the Roman people") was/is often used <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metonym&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metonym (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">to indicate the Roman state</a> in matters involving other nations. The term <i>Romania</i>, initially a colloquial term for the empire's territory as well as a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Collective_noun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collective noun (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">collective name</a> for its inhabitants, appears in Greek and Latin sources from the 4th century onward and was eventually carried over to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Byzantine_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Byzantine Empire (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Byzantine Empire</a> (see R. L. Wolff, "Romania: The Latin Empire of Constantinople" in <i>Speculum</i> 23 (1948), pp. 1–34 and especially pp. 2–3).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="তথ্য_সংগ্ৰহ"><span id=".E0.A6.A4.E0.A6.A5.E0.A7.8D.E0.A6.AF_.E0.A6.B8.E0.A6.82.E0.A6.97.E0.A7.8D.E0.A7.B0.E0.A6.B9"></span>তথ্য সংগ্ৰহ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF&action=edit&section=3" title="শাখা সম্পাদনা: তথ্য সংগ্ৰহ"><span>সম্পাদনা কৰক</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r368696"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bennett, J. <i>Trajan: Optimus Princeps</i>. 1997. Fig. 1. Regions east of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euphrates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euphrates (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Euphrates</a> river were held only in the years 116–117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Constantine_I_306_-_337_AD-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Constantine_I_306_-_337_AD_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roman-emperors.org/conniei.htm">Constantine I (306–337 AD)</a> by Hans A. Pohlsander. Written 2004-01-08. Retrieved 2007-03-20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-size-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-size_4-0">3.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-size_4-1">3.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-size_4-2">3.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-size_4-3">3.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal" id="CITEREFTaagepera1979"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rein_Taagepera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rein Taagepera (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Taagepera, Rein</a> (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/1170959?seq=4">"Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D"</a>. <i>Social Science History</i> (Duke University Press) খণ্ড <b>3</b> (3/4): 118. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F1170959">10.2307/1170959</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/1170959?seq=4">http://www.jstor.org/stable/1170959?seq=4</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Size+and+Duration+of+Empires%3A+Growth-Decline+Curves%2C+600+B.C.+to+600+A.D&rft.jtitle=Social+Science+History&rft.aulast=Taagepera&rft.aufirst=Rein&rft.au=Taagepera%2C%26%2332%3BRein&rft.date=1979&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.pages=118&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F1170959&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1170959%3Fseq%3D4&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">John D. Durand, <i>Historical Estimates of World Population: An Evaluation</i>, 1977, pp. 253–296.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cliodynamics.info-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-cliodynamics.info_6-0">5.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-cliodynamics.info_6-1">5.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229205703/http://cliodynamics.info/PDF/Turchin_Adams_Hall_2006.pdf">"East-West Orientation of Historical Empires"</a>. <i>Journal of world-systems research</i> খণ্ড <b>12</b> (2): 219–229. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/issn/1076-156X">1076-156X</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cliodynamics.info/PDF/Turchin_Adams_Hall_2006.pdf">the original</a> on 29 February 2012<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229205703/http://cliodynamics.info/PDF/Turchin_Adams_Hall_2006.pdf">https://web.archive.org/web/20120229205703/http://cliodynamics.info/PDF/Turchin_Adams_Hall_2006.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">। আহৰণ কৰা হৈছে: 12 August 2010</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=East-West+Orientation+of+Historical+Empires&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+world-systems+research&rft.aulast=Turchin&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Turchin%2C%26%2332%3BPeter&rft.au=Adams%2C%26%2332%3BJonathan+M.&rft.au=Hall%2C%26%2332%3BThomas+D&rft.date=December+2006&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=219%E2%80%93229&rft.issn=1076-156X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20120229205703%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fcliodynamics.info%2FPDF%2FTurchin_Adams_Hall_2006.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Norman A. Stillman <i>The Jews of Arab Lands</i> pp 22 Jewish Publication Society, 1979 <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/0827611552" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0827611552</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">International Congress of Byzantine Studies <i>Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies, London, 21–26 August 2006, Volumes 1–3</i> pp 29. Ashgate Pub Co, 30 sep. 2006 <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/075465740X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 075465740X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J.H. Breasted <i>Ancient Times a History of the Early World</i> pp 675. Рипол Классик <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/117400312X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 117400312X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rachel Meredith Kousse, <i>Hellenistic and Roman Ideal Sculpture: The Allure of the Classical</i> (Cambridge University Press, 2008), p. 1; Lea Stirling, "Art, Architecture, and Archaeology in the Roman Empire," in <i>A Companion to the Roman Empire,</i> pp. 75–76.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stirling, "Art, Architecture, and Archaeology in the Roman Empire," pp. 82–83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Elaine K. Gazda, introduction to <i>Roman Art in the Private Sphere: Architecture and Décor of the Domus, Villa, and Insula</i> (University of Michigan Press, 1991, 1994), pp. 1–3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Zanker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Zanker (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Paul Zanker</a>, <i>Pompeii: Public and Private Life,</i> translated by Deborah Lucas Schneider (Harvard University Press, 1998, originally published 1995 in German), p. 189.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kousse, <i>Hellenistic and Roman Ideal Sculpture,</i> pp. 4–5, 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lauren Hackworth Petersen, "Crafts and Artisans," in <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome</i>, pp. 312–313.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="উৎস"><span id=".E0.A6.89.E0.A7.8E.E0.A6.B8"></span>উৎস</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF&action=edit&section=4" title="শাখা সম্পাদনা: উৎস"><span>সম্পাদনা কৰক</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Frost_Abbott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Frost Abbott (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Frank Frost Abbott</a> (1901). <i>A History and Description of Roman Political Institutions</i>. Elibron Classics. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/0-543-92749-0" title="বিশেষ:গ্ৰন্থৰ উত্স/0-543-92749-0">0-543-92749-0</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+and+Description+of+Roman+Political+Institutions&rft.aulast=Frank+Frost+Abbott&rft.au=Frank+Frost+Abbott&rft.date=1901&rft.pub=Elibron+Classics&rft.isbn=0-543-92749-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Crook_(classicist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Crook (classicist) (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">J. A. Crook</a>, <i>Law and Life of Rome, 90 BC–AD 212</i>, 1967 (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/0801492734" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8014-9273-4</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arther_Ferrill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arther Ferrill (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Arther Ferrill</a>, <i>The Fall of the Roman Empire: The Military Explanation</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_and_Hudson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thames and Hudson (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Thames and Hudson</a>, 1988 (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/0500274959" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-500-27495-9</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goldsworthy,_Adrian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goldsworthy, Adrian (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Goldsworthy, Adrian</a>. <i>The Complete Roman Army</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thames_and_Hudson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thames and Hudson (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Thames and Hudson</a>, 2003 (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/0500051240" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-500-05124-0</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benjamin_Isaac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benjamin Isaac (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Benjamin Isaac</a>, "The Limits of Empire: the Roman Army in the East" <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford University Press (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Oxford University Press</a>, 1992 (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/0198149263" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-19-814926-3</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrew_Lintott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrew Lintott (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Andrew Lintott</a>, <i>Imperium Romanum: Politics and administration</i>, 1993 (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/0415093759" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-415-09375-9</a>).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edward_Luttwak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edward Luttwak (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Edward Luttwak</a>, <i>The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire</i>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johns_Hopkins_University_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johns Hopkins University Press (পৃষ্ঠা নাই)">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>, 1976/1979 (<a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/0801821584" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8018-2158-4</a>).</li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFRittiGreweKessener2007">Ritti, Tullia; Grewe, Klaus; Kessener, Paul (2007), "A Relief of a Water-powered Stone Saw Mill on a Sarcophagus at Hierapolis and its Implications", <i>Journal of Roman Archaeology</i> খণ্ড <b>20</b>: 138–163</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Relief+of+a+Water-powered+Stone+Saw+Mill+on+a+Sarcophagus+at+Hierapolis+and+its+Implications&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Roman+Archaeology&rft.aulast=Ritti&rft.aufirst=Tullia&rft.au=Ritti%2C%26%2332%3BTullia&rft.au=Grewe%2C%26%2332%3BKlaus&rft.au=Kessener%2C%26%2332%3BPaul&rft.date=2007&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=138%E2%80%93163&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFSchnitter1978">Schnitter, Niklaus (1978), "Römische Talsperren", <i>Antike Welt</i> খণ্ড <b>8</b> (2): 25–32</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=R%C3%B6mische+Talsperren&rft.jtitle=Antike+Welt&rft.aulast=Schnitter&rft.aufirst=Niklaus&rft.au=Schnitter%2C%26%2332%3BNiklaus&rft.date=1978&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=25%E2%80%9332&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFSmith1970">Smith, Norman (1970), "The Roman Dams of Subiaco", <i>Technology and Culture</i> খণ্ড <b>11</b> (1): 58–68, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F3102810">10.2307/3102810</a></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Roman+Dams+of+Subiaco&rft.jtitle=Technology+and+Culture&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft.au=Smith%2C%26%2332%3BNorman&rft.date=1970&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=58%E2%80%9368&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F3102810&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFSmith1971">Smith, Norman (1971), <i>A History of Dams</i>, প্ৰকাশক London: Peter Davies, pp. 25–49, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8/0-432-15090-0" title="বিশেষ:গ্ৰন্থৰ উত্স/0-432-15090-0">0-432-15090-0</a></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Dams&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft.au=Smith%2C%26%2332%3BNorman&rft.date=1971&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B25%E2%80%9349&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Peter+Davies&rft.isbn=0-432-15090-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="refbegin references" style=""> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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