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</a> <ul id="toc-Domestic_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 LGBT rights </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Racial_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Racial_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Racial issues </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Racial_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidential_election_objections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_election_objections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Presidential election objections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_election_objections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a 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vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Sheila Jackson Lee</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" > 21 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%8A" title="شيلا جاكسون لي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شيلا جاكسون لي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%AC%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%84%DB%8C" title="شیلا جکسون-لی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شیلا جکسون-لی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%AC%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%84%DB%8C" title="شیلا جکسون-لی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شیلا جکسون-لی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%92%27%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%99" title="שילה ג'קסון לי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שילה ג'קסון לי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson-Lee" title="Sheila Jackson-Lee – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sheila Jackson-Lee" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7_%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%84%D9%89" title="شيلا چاكسون لى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شيلا چاكسون لى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B8,_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Джексон Ли, Шейла – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джексон Ли, Шейла" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D1%96" title="Шейла Джексон Лі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шейла Джексон Лі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Jackson_Lee" title="Sheila Jackson Lee – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sheila Jackson Lee" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E6%9D%B0%E5%85%8B%E9%80%8A%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E" title="希拉·杰克逊·李 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="希拉·杰克逊·李" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q461734#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this article, the <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is Jackson Lee, not Lee.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Sheila Jackson Lee</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheila_Jackson_Lee_113th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Sheila_Jackson_Lee_113th_Congress.jpg/220px-Sheila_Jackson_Lee_113th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Sheila_Jackson_Lee_113th_Congress.jpg/330px-Sheila_Jackson_Lee_113th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Sheila_Jackson_Lee_113th_Congress.jpg/440px-Sheila_Jackson_Lee_113th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="825" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 18th congressional district">18th</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 3, 1995 – July 19, 2024</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Washington" title="Craig Washington">Craig Washington</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Erica_Lee_Carter" title="Erica Lee Carter">Erica Lee Carter</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Houston_City_Council" title="Houston City Council">Houston City Council</a> from the <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 2, 1990 – January 3, 1995</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Anthony Hall</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">John Peavy</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Sheila Jackson</div> (1950-01-12)January 12, 1950 <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">July 19, 2024(2024-07-19) (aged 74) <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>, Texas, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;">Elwyn Lee</div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1973)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2, including <a href="/wiki/Erica_Lee_Carter" title="Erica Lee Carter">Erica</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>) <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia" title="University of Virginia">University of Virginia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jacksonlee.house.gov">House website</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Sheila_Jackson_Lee_speaks_in_support_of_the_Equal_Rights_Amendment.ogg" title="File:Sheila Jackson Lee speaks in support of the Equal Rights Amendment.ogg">Jackson Lee's voice</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="65" data-mwtitle="Sheila_Jackson_Lee_speaks_in_support_of_the_Equal_Rights_Amendment.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Sheila_Jackson_Lee_speaks_in_support_of_the_Equal_Rights_Amendment.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/Sheila_Jackson_Lee_speaks_in_support_of_the_Equal_Rights_Amendment.ogg/Sheila_Jackson_Lee_speaks_in_support_of_the_Equal_Rights_Amendment.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Jackson Lee speaks in support of the <a href="/wiki/Equal_Rights_Amendment" title="Equal Rights Amendment">Equal Rights Amendment</a> Recorded April 27, 2023</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Sheila Jackson Lee (<a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a> Jackson; January 12, 1950 – July 19, 2024) was an American lawyer and politician who was the <a href="/wiki/U.S._representative" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. representative">U.S. representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 18th congressional district">Texas's 18th congressional district</a>, from 1995 until her death in 2024. The district includes most of central <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>. She was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> and served as an <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> member of the <a href="/wiki/Houston_City_Council" title="Houston City Council">Houston City Council</a> before being elected to the House. She was also co-dean of <a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Texas" title="United States congressional delegations from Texas">Texas's congressional delegation</a>. Born in <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a>, New York, Jackson Lee earned a scholarship for Black students at <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> before transferring to graduate with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> in political science from <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> in 1972 and a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_School_of_Law" title="University of Virginia School of Law">University of Virginia School of Law</a> in 1975.<a href="#cite_note-WaPo_Obit-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-2">[2]</a> In 1987, after she had moved to Houston, she was appointed as a municipal judge for the city by <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Whitmire" title="Kathy Whitmire">Kathy Whitmire</a>. In 1989, Jackson Lee was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Houston_City_Council" title="Houston City Council">Houston City Council</a>. She served in the office until 1994 when she began a campaign for a seat in the U.S. Congress. In the Democratic primary, she defeated incumbent <a href="/wiki/Craig_Washington" title="Craig Washington">Craig Washington</a> and went on to easily win the general election. During her congressional tenure, Jackson Lee supported <a href="/wiki/Progressivism_in_the_United_States" title="Progressivism in the United States">progressive</a> policies such as <a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">gun control</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medicare_for_All" class="mw-redirect" title="Medicare for All">Medicare for All</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> She introduced the <a href="/wiki/Essential_Transportation_Worker_Identification_Credential_Assessment_Act" title="Essential Transportation Worker Identification Credential Assessment Act">Essential Transportation Worker Identification Credential Assessment Act</a> in 2013 and the <a href="/wiki/Sabika_Sheikh_Firearm_Licensing_and_Registration_Act" title="Sabika Sheikh Firearm Licensing and Registration Act">Sabika Sheikh Firearm Licensing and Registration Act</a> in 2021. In 2019, Jackson Lee stepped down as chair of the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Black_Caucus_Foundation" title="Congressional Black Caucus Foundation">Congressional Black Caucus Foundation</a> and a subcommittee in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">House Judiciary</a> after a lawsuit filed by a former staffer claimed she was fired due to planned legal action against an alleged rape by a supervisor. Jackson Lee announced her candidacy for the <a href="/wiki/2023_Houston_mayoral_election" title="2023 Houston mayoral election">2023 Houston mayoral election</a> in March of that year. In the first round, she placed second behind state senator <a href="/wiki/John_Whitmire" title="John Whitmire">John Whitmire</a>. However, as no candidate crossed the 50% threshold to win outright, a runoff election occurred on December 9, 2023. Despite several key endorsements, Jackson Lee lost the election to Whitmire. On December 11, she filed to run for re-election to her congressional seat and won the Democratic primary on March 5, 2024. In July 2024, she died in office after being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career_in_Texas">Early life and career in Texas</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKhpYlLCRx4">Congresswoman Jackson Lee "Kneeling in Defense of 1st Amendment"</a>, speech in the House of Representatives, September 25, 2017</td></tr></tbody></table> Sheila Jackson was born in the New York City borough of <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a> on January 12, 1950.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-5">[5]</a> Her father, Ezra Clyde Jackson, who was born in <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>, was a comic book artist and the son of <a href="/wiki/Jamaicans" title="Jamaicans">Jamaican</a> immigrants.<a href="#cite_note-Quattro_Invisible-6">[6]</a> Her mother, Ivalita Bennett Jackson, was a nurse, and came to New York at an early age from her birthplace of <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg,_Florida" title="St. Petersburg, Florida">St. Petersburg, Florida</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Chronicle_Turner-7">[7]</a> Jackson graduated from <a href="/wiki/Jamaica_High_School_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jamaica High School (New York City)">Jamaica High School</a> in Queens. She earned a Bachelor of Arts in <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a> from <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> in 1972 and a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Virginia_School_of_Law" title="University of Virginia School of Law">University of Virginia School of Law</a> in 1975.<a href="#cite_note-bio-8">[8]</a> She moved to Houston in 1987<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> when her husband, Elwyn Lee, accepted a position at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston" title="University of Houston">University of Houston</a>. She got a job at <a href="/wiki/Leon_Jaworski" title="Leon Jaworski">Leon Jaworski</a>'s law firm.<a href="#cite_note-excerpt-10">[10]</a> She made three previous unsuccessful attempts at local judgeships before becoming a Houston municipal judge, a position she held from 1987 to 1990.<a href="#cite_note-Feldman-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kathy_Whitmire" title="Kathy Whitmire">Kathy Whitmire</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Houston" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor of Houston">mayor of Houston</a>, appointed Jackson Lee to the position, along with <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Garcia" title="Sylvia Garcia">Sylvia Garcia</a>. In 1989, Jackson Lee won the <a href="/wiki/At-large" title="At-large">at-large</a> position for a seat on the <a href="/wiki/Houston_City_Council" title="Houston City Council">Houston City Council</a>, serving until 1994.<a href="#cite_note-Feldman-11">[11]</a> On the city council, she helped pass a safety ordinance that required parents to keep their guns away from children.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> She also worked for expanded summer hours at city parks and recreation centers as a way to combat gang violence.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._House_of_Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1994_run_for_office">1994 run for office</h3></div> In 1994, Jackson Lee challenged four-term incumbent U.S. Representative <a href="/wiki/Craig_Washington" title="Craig Washington">Craig Washington</a> in the Democratic <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Feldman-11">[11]</a> Washington had come under fire for opposing several projects that would have benefited the Houston area.<a href="#cite_note-dms-14">[14]</a> Jackson Lee defeated Washington, 63% to 37%.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> The victory was <a href="/wiki/Tantamount_to_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Tantamount to election">tantamount to election</a> in this heavily Democratic, black-majority district. In the general election, she defeated Republican nominee Jerry Burley, 73%–24%.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenure">Tenure</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Speaker_Paul_Ryan_Signs_the_First_Step_Act_of_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Speaker_Paul_Ryan_Signs_the_First_Step_Act_of_2018.jpg/220px-Speaker_Paul_Ryan_Signs_the_First_Step_Act_of_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Speaker_Paul_Ryan_Signs_the_First_Step_Act_of_2018.jpg/330px-Speaker_Paul_Ryan_Signs_the_First_Step_Act_of_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Speaker_Paul_Ryan_Signs_the_First_Step_Act_of_2018.jpg/440px-Speaker_Paul_Ryan_Signs_the_First_Step_Act_of_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1999" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>Jackson Lee watches as <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Paul Ryan</a> signs the <a href="/wiki/First_Step_Act" title="First Step Act">First Step Act</a> of 2018.</figcaption></figure> Before the <a href="/wiki/110th_United_States_Congress" title="110th United States Congress">110th Congress</a>, Jackson Lee served on the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Science_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Science and Technology">House Science Committee</a> and on the Subcommittee that oversees <a href="/wiki/U.S._National_Space_Policy" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. National Space Policy">space policy</a> and <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-17">[17]</a> She was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Black_Caucus" title="Congressional Black Caucus">Congressional Black Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> and a CBC whip.<a href="#cite_note-dms-14">[14]</a> On September 27, 2013, Jackson Lee introduced the <a href="/wiki/Essential_Transportation_Worker_Identification_Credential_Assessment_Act_(H.R._3202;_113th_Congress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Essential Transportation Worker Identification Credential Assessment Act (H.R. 3202; 113th Congress)">Essential Transportation Worker Identification Credential Assessment Act (H.R. 3202; 113th Congress)</a>, a bill that would direct the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">United States Department of Homeland Security</a> to assess the effectiveness of the <a href="/wiki/Transportation_Worker_Identification_Credential" title="Transportation Worker Identification Credential">Transportation Worker Identification Credential</a> (TWIC) program.<a href="#cite_note-cbo3202-20">[20]</a> The bill would require an independent assessment of how well the TWIC program improves security and reduces risks at the facilities and vessels it is responsible for.<a href="#cite_note-WorkBoat1-21">[21]</a> In January 2019, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> reported that Jackson Lee planned to resign as chair of the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Black_Caucus_Foundation" title="Congressional Black Caucus Foundation">Congressional Black Caucus Foundation</a>. The move came in the wake of a lawsuit filed by a former staffer earlier in January that claimed the staffer was fired in retaliation for her planned legal action related to an alleged rape by a supervisor in 2015. The resignation came the day after the National Alliance to End Sexual Violence announced it would not support making Jackson Lee the lead sponsor of a law to reauthorize the federal <a href="/wiki/Violence_Against_Women_Act" title="Violence Against Women Act">Violence Against Women Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> She also stepped down from her chairmanship of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">House Judiciary</a> subcommittee.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cspan_hands_up_don%27t_shoot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Cspan_hands_up_don%27t_shoot.jpg/220px-Cspan_hands_up_don%27t_shoot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Cspan_hands_up_don%27t_shoot.jpg/330px-Cspan_hands_up_don%27t_shoot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Cspan_hands_up_don%27t_shoot.jpg/440px-Cspan_hands_up_don%27t_shoot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="880" /></a><figcaption>Jackson Lee and others using the "hands up don't shoot" gesture in recognition of the Ferguson, Missouri police shooting</figcaption></figure> On January 4, 2021, Jackson Lee introduced the <a href="/wiki/Sabika_Sheikh_Firearm_Licensing_and_Registration_Act" title="Sabika Sheikh Firearm Licensing and Registration Act">Sabika Sheikh Firearm Licensing and Registration Act</a> (H.R. 127; <a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th Congress</a>), a bill that expanded requirements for firearm licensing to every firearm and banned any ammunition of <a href="/wiki/.50_caliber_BMG" class="mw-redirect" title=".50 caliber BMG">.50 caliber BMG</a> or larger.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> In the 117th Congress (2021–2023), Jackson Lee voted with United States President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>'s stated position 100 percent of the time, according to a <a href="/wiki/FiveThirtyEight" title="FiveThirtyEight">FiveThirtyEight</a> analysis.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Jackson Lee and Representative <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">Lloyd Doggett</a> became co-deans of <a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Texas" title="United States congressional delegations from Texas">Texas's congressional delegation</a> in January 2023 after the retirement of <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">Eddie Bernice Johnson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Staffing_issues">Staffing issues</h3></div> In 1998, <a href="/wiki/Houston_Press" title="Houston Press">The Houston Press</a> reported that five of Jackson Lee's staffers had quit that spring. The paper quoted her former Capitol office executive assistant and events scheduler, Rhiannon Burruss, as saying that "the congresswoman's abrasive ways not only drove off staff members but irritated <a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a> staffers to the point where one suggested she fly on a competitor instead."<a href="#cite_note-Driving_Miss_Sheila-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dealey-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> In 2011, Jackson Lee was reported to have one of the highest staff turnover rates in Congress. <a href="/wiki/HuffPost" title="HuffPost">The Huffington Post</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Houston_Chronicle" title="Houston Chronicle">Houston Chronicle</a> reported that she had gone through 11 chiefs of staff in the course of 11 years.<a href="#cite_note-huffingtonpost.com-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> A 2013 report concluded that "the veteran Texas Democrat had the highest turnover rate for all of Congress over the [previous] decade."<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> <a href="/wiki/Washingtonian_(magazine)" title="Washingtonian (magazine)">Washingtonian magazine</a> named Jackson Lee as the "meanest Democratic Congress member" in both 2014 and 2017.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> In 2018, <a href="/wiki/LegiStorm" title="LegiStorm">LegiStorm</a> reported that Jackson Lee's annual turnover rate, at 62%, was the highest in Congress.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> In 2023, during her Houston mayoral run, an unverified<a href="#cite_note-AudioAP-35">[35]</a> audio leaked of Jackson Lee berating her staffers with profanity. The recording was about a minute and half in length, where Jackson Lee allegedly tells a staffer she wants him to have a "fuckin' brain" and that "nobody knows a Goddamn thing in my office — nothing." She then describes a different staffer as a "fat-ass stupid idiot" and that both of them are "fuck-ups" and that they are "two Goddamn big-ass children, fuckin' idiots who serve no Goddamn purpose."<a href="#cite_note-AudioHPM-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-AudioTribune-37">[37]</a> Her mayoral campaign refused to verify the authenticity of the recording and alleged that "these attacks have originated from extremely conservative blogs and political operatives backing <a href="/wiki/John_Whitmire" title="John Whitmire">John Whitmire</a>."<a href="#cite_note-38">[a]</a> Whitmire's campaign stated they had no involvement with the recording.<a href="#cite_note-AudioHPM-36">[36]</a> Jackson Lee responded to the release of the recording by saying, "I am regretful and hope you will judge me not by something trotted out by a political opponent ... but from what I've delivered to Houstonians over my years of public service" and said that "everyone deserves to be treated with dignity and respect, and that includes my own staff."<a href="#cite_note-AudioTribune-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-AudioAP-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">Committee on the Judiciary</a><a href="#cite_note-Committees1-39">[38]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subcommittee_on_Crime,_Terrorism,_and_Homeland_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security">Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcommittee_on_Immigration_and_Border_Security" class="mw-redirect" title="Subcommittee on Immigration and Border Security">Subcommittee on Immigration and Border Security</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Homeland_Security" title="United States House Committee on Homeland Security">Committee on Homeland Security</a><a href="#cite_note-Committees1-39">[38]</a> <ul><li>Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Infrastructure Protection, and Security Technologies</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcommittee_on_Counterterrorism_and_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence">Subcommittee on Counterterrorism and Intelligence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Budget" title="United States House Committee on the Budget">Committee on the Budget</a><a href="#cite_note-Committees1-39">[38]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caucus_memberships">Caucus memberships</h3></div> Jackson Lee was a member of a number of caucuses, including: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Caucus_on_Global_Road_Safety" title="Congressional Caucus on Global Road Safety">Congressional Caucus on Global Road Safety</a><a href="#cite_note-Committees1-39">[38]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Human_Rights_Caucus" class="mw-redirect" title="Congressional Human Rights Caucus">Congressional Human Rights Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a></li> <li>Congressional Pakistan Caucus<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a></li> <li>US-Afghan Caucus<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veterinary_Medicine_Caucus" title="Veterinary Medicine Caucus">Veterinary Medicine Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Baltic_Caucus" title="House Baltic Caucus">House Baltic Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Arts_Caucus" title="Congressional Arts Caucus">Congressional Arts Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a></li> <li>Congressional Friends of Norway Caucus<a href="#cite_note-excerpt-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afterschool_Caucuses" title="Afterschool Caucuses">Afterschool Caucuses</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a></li> <li>Interstate 69 Congressional Caucus<a href="#cite_note-excerpt-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_NextGen_9-1-1_Caucus" title="Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus">Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a></li> <li>Congressional Songwriters' Caucus<a href="#cite_note-excerpt-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congressional_International_Conservation_Caucus" title="United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus">United States Congressional International Conservation Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S.-Japan_Caucus" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S.-Japan Caucus">U.S.-Japan Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicare_for_All_Caucus" title="Medicare for All Caucus">Medicare for All Caucus</a><a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2023_Houston_mayoral_run">2023 Houston mayoral run</h2></div> On March 27, 2023, Jackson Lee announced her candidacy for the <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Houston" title="List of mayors of Houston">mayor of Houston</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2023_Houston_mayoral_election" title="2023 Houston mayoral election">2023 election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> Jackson Lee garnered endorsements from notable political figures such as outgoing Houston mayor <a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Turner" title="Sylvester Turner">Sylvester Turner</a>, former House speaker <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a>, and former presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> On November 7, 2023, Jackson Lee came in second place in the election, behind Democratic state senator <a href="/wiki/John_Whitmire" title="John Whitmire">John Whitmire</a>. However, none of the 18 candidates who ran managed to surpass the required 50 percent threshold.<a href="#cite_note-Houston_mayor-54">[53]</a> Jackson Lee and Whitmire advanced to a runoff election on December 9, 2023. Jackson Lee was ultimately defeated by Whitmire, who won with nearly 65 percent of the vote.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-Houston_mayor-54">[53]</a> Following her loss, Jackson Lee filed for re-election to her U.S. House seat on December 11, 2023.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_views_and_statements">Political views and statements</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3></div> In 2000, Jackson Lee favored permanently normalizing <a href="/wiki/Commercial_policy" title="Commercial policy">trade status</a> for the People's Republic of China and argued that it would aid both human rights and <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Houston" title="Economy of Houston">Houston's economy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> Jackson Lee traveled to the <a href="/wiki/World_Conference_against_Racism_2001" title="World Conference against Racism 2001">2001 World Conference against Racism</a> in South Africa, and backed <a href="/wiki/Economic_sanctions" title="Economic sanctions">sanctions</a> against <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> Jackson Lee voted against the <a href="/wiki/Authorization_for_Use_of_Military_Force_Against_Iraq_Resolution_of_2002" title="Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002">Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002</a> that authorized the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-persistance-61">[60]</a> On April 28, 2006, along with four other members of Congress and six other activists, she was arrested for disorderly conduct in front of <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>'s embassy in Washington DC. They were protesting the role of Sudan's government in <a href="/wiki/War_in_Darfur" title="War in Darfur">ethnic cleansing in Darfur</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> Jackson Lee urged better <a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="United States–Venezuela relations">relations between the U.S. and Venezuela</a>, which she described as a friendly nation. She said the U.S. should reconsider its ban on selling <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_F-16_Fighting_Falcon" title="General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon">F-16</a> fighter jets and spare parts to <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>. The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a> bans such sales due to the alleged "lack of support" for <a href="/wiki/Counter-terrorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-terrorist">counter-terrorist</a> operations and Venezuela's relations with <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> In May 2015, Jackson Lee took a trip to <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, paid by the Azerbaijani government.<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> Jackson Lee condemned the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">President of Turkey</a> <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a>'s wide-ranging <a href="/wiki/Purges_in_Turkey_following_the_2016_Turkish_coup_attempt" title="Purges in Turkey following the 2016 Turkish coup attempt">purges</a> following a failed July 2016 coup in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/April_2024_Iranian_strikes_against_Israel" title="April 2024 Iranian strikes against Israel">Iranian retaliatory strikes in April</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_airstrike_on_the_Iranian_consulate_in_Damascus" title="Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus">Israeli bombing of the Iranian embassy in Damascus</a>, Jackson Lee posted on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> that "Iran is a terrorist nation." and that the nation had "launched a disproportionate terrorist attack against our ally Israel."<a href="#cite_note-68">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domestic_policy">Domestic policy</h3></div> Jackson Lee was active on immigration issues.<a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> She had proposed increasing border security and increasing opportunities for legalization among those living in the U.S. She opposed a guest worker program, saying that the idea "connotate[s] 'invite, come,' and, at the same time, it misleads because you ask people to come for a temporary job of three to six years and they have to leave if they don't have another job and I would think that they would not."<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> Jackson Lee opposed repealing the <a href="/wiki/Patient_Protection_and_Affordable_Care_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act">Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> At a March 2011 <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Homeland_Security" title="United States House Committee on Homeland Security">Homeland Security Committee</a> hearing on radical Muslims in the U.S., Jackson Lee said that <a href="/wiki/Peter_T._King" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter T. King">Peter King</a>'s hearings were helping <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> and "going the same route as Arizona." She complained that the hearings were scaring Muslim Americans and called them "an outrage".<a href="#cite_note-Peter_King_says_success-73">[72]</a> Following <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Wasserman_Schultz" title="Debbie Wasserman Schultz">Debbie Wasserman Schultz</a>'s resignation as chair after the <a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_National_Committee_email_leak" title="2016 Democratic National Committee email leak">2016 Democratic National Committee email leak</a>, Jackson Lee campaigned with her and traveled the districts <a href="/wiki/Black_church" title="Black church">African American churches</a> with Wasserman Schultz for her primary campaign against <a href="/wiki/Tim_Canova" title="Tim Canova">Tim Canova</a>.<a href="#cite_note-persistance-61">[60]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:160914-C2-House-GF-166_(29568172152).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/160914-C2-House-GF-166_%2829568172152%29.jpg/220px-160914-C2-House-GF-166_%2829568172152%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/160914-C2-House-GF-166_%2829568172152%29.jpg/330px-160914-C2-House-GF-166_%2829568172152%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/160914-C2-House-GF-166_%2829568172152%29.jpg/440px-160914-C2-House-GF-166_%2829568172152%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4483" data-file-height="2913" /></a><figcaption>Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee questions U.S. Customs and Border Protection Deputy Commissioner Kevin K. McAleenan during testimony in a 2016 House Committee on Homeland Security hearing.</figcaption></figure> In August 2022, Jackson Lee voted for the <a href="/wiki/Inflation_Reduction_Act" title="Inflation Reduction Act">Inflation Reduction Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> Jackson Lee was one of three Democrats that abstained from voting in the successful formal censure of congresswoman <a href="/wiki/Rashida_Tlaib" title="Rashida Tlaib">Rashida Tlaib</a> proposed by <a href="/wiki/Rich_McCormick" title="Rich McCormick">Rich McCormick</a>.<a href="#cite_note-75">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT_rights">LGBT rights</h3></div> Jackson Lee voted "<a href="/wiki/Abstention#International_and_national_parliamentary_procedures" title="Abstention">present</a>" on the <a href="/wiki/Defense_of_Marriage_Act" title="Defense of Marriage Act">Defense of Marriage Act</a> of 1996.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> In 2009, she voted for the <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Shepard_and_James_Byrd_Jr._Hate_Crimes_Prevention_Act" title="Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act">Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act</a>, a bill that expanded the federal <a href="/wiki/Hate_crime" title="Hate crime">hate crime</a> law to cover crimes biased by the victim's <a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">sexual orientation</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">gender identity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> In 2010, she voted in favor of the <a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Ask,_Don%27t_Tell_Repeal_Act_of_2010" title="Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010">Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act</a> that allowed gay, lesbian, and bisexual people to serve openly in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._military" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. military">U.S. military</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> In 2019, Jackson Lee voted for the <a href="/wiki/Equality_Act_(United_States)" title="Equality Act (United States)">Equality Act</a>, which expanded the federal <a href="/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964" title="Civil Rights Act of 1964">Civil Rights Act of 1964</a> to ban discrimination based on <a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">sexual orientation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">gender identity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> Jackson Lee criticized <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> representatives who opposed the legislation on religious grounds.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Racial_issues">Racial issues</h3></div> In 2003, Jackson Lee suggested changing the naming practices for <a href="/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">tropical cyclones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hurricanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricanes">hurricanes</a>, saying that "all racial groups should be represented" and that meteorological organizations should "try to be inclusive of <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African American</a> names."<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> Speaking at the July 2010 <a href="/wiki/NAACP" title="NAACP">NAACP</a> national convention, Jackson Lee compared the <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a>, saying that "all those who wore sheets a long time ago have now lifted them off". Jackson Lee's remarks were criticized by conservatives, including <a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Caucus" title="Tea Party Caucus">Tea Party Caucus</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Michele_Bachmann" title="Michele Bachmann">Michele Bachmann</a> (R-MN).<a href="#cite_note-Tea_Party_and_the_Klan-85">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a> In December 2017, Jackson Lee was accused of having been given preferential treatment by <a href="/wiki/United_Airlines" title="United Airlines">United Airlines</a> by a passenger who claimed a first class seat ticket she had purchased had been given to the congresswoman. United Airlines had claimed that the woman who purchased the first class seat had cancelled her ticket and later apologized for the incident. Jackson Lee claimed she was accused because she was "an African American woman".<a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> Jackson Lee was one of the leading lawmakers behind the effort to have <a href="/wiki/Juneteenth" title="Juneteenth">Juneteenth</a> recognized as an American <a href="/wiki/Federal_holidays_in_the_United_States" title="Federal holidays in the United States">federal holiday</a>. Recognition was achieved in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential_election_objections">Presidential election objections</h3></div> In 2001, Jackson Lee and other House members objected to counting Florida's electoral votes, which <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> narrowly won after a contentious <a href="/wiki/2000_Florida_presidential_election_recount" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 Florida presidential election recount">recount</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000 presidential election</a>. Because no senator joined the objection, it was dismissed by Senate President <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> In 2005, Jackson Lee was one of the 31 House Democrats who voted not to count Ohio's <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">electoral votes</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004 presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-91">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> Without Ohio's electoral votes, the election would have been decided by the U.S. House of Representatives, with each state having one vote in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution">Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/2017_United_States_Electoral_College_vote_count" title="2017 United States Electoral College vote count">2017 United States Electoral College vote count</a>, Jackson Lee objected to counting North Carolina, South Carolina, and Wyoming's <a href="/wiki/Electoral_votes" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral votes">electoral votes</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 presidential election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> Because no senator joined her objections, they were dismissed.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="COVID-19">COVID-19</h3></div> During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Texas" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Texas">COVID-19 pandemic in Texas</a>, Jackson Lee appealed to city officials in Houston for free and reduced-price parking at the <a href="/wiki/George_Bush_Intercontinental_Airport" title="George Bush Intercontinental Airport">George Bush Intercontinental Airport</a>. This reduced the number of bus riders by about 1000 employees per day and increased <a href="/wiki/Social_distancing" title="Social distancing">social distancing</a>. Jackson Lee also supported airline workers at United Airlines that were targeted for furloughs after the airline had accepted billions of dollars in taxpayer funds through the <a href="/wiki/CARES_Act" title="CARES Act">CARES Act</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Paycheck_Protection_Program" title="Paycheck Protection Program">Paycheck Protection Program</a>.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gaffes">Gaffes</h3></div> According to <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Beast" title="The Daily Beast">The Daily Beast</a>, Jackson Lee had a "history of wild statements" and <a href="/wiki/Political_gaffe" title="Political gaffe">political gaffes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> These include incorrectly stating that the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">U.S. Constitution</a> was 400 years old;<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> mistakenly criticizing Wikipedia instead of <a href="/wiki/WikiLeaks" title="WikiLeaks">WikiLeaks</a>;<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> incorrectly calling the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> a "<a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">planet</a>" that is made "<a href="/wiki/Gas_giant" title="Gas giant">mostly of gases</a>";<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> and saying that <a href="/wiki/North_Vietnam" title="North Vietnam">North Vietnam</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a> were, in 2010, still separate countries.<a href="#cite_note-Two_Vietnams-101">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-North_and_South-102">[101]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a> reported that during a 1997 visit to the <a href="/wiki/Mars_Pathfinder" title="Mars Pathfinder">Mars Pathfinder</a> operations center, Jackson Lee asked whether the Pathfinder <a href="/wiki/Rover_(space_exploration)" title="Rover (space exploration)">rover</a> had taken a picture of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._flag" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. flag">U.S. flag</a> planted by <a href="/wiki/Neil_Armstrong" title="Neil Armstrong">Neil Armstrong</a>; the flag had been planted on the Moon, not <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>. Jackson Lee was at the time a member of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Science_Subcommittee_on_Space_and_Aeronautics" title="United States House Science Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics">Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Science,_Space,_and_Technology" title="United States House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology">House Science Committee</a>.<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-:2-104">[103]</a> In response, Jackson Lee's deputy chief of staff accused the newspaper of racial bias without disputing the story's accuracy. The Hill denied the allegations and stood by its reporting.<a href="#cite_note-:2-104">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> In July 2014, Jackson Lee said that "we did not seek an <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">impeachment</a>" of President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>. Jackson Lee was one of 11 co-sponsors of the 2008 U.S. House bill <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_George_W._Bush#Democrats_in_Congress" title="Efforts to impeach George W. Bush">H. Res. 1258</a>, which sought to impeach Bush for "deceiving Congress with fabricated threats of <a href="/wiki/Iraq_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Iraq and weapons of mass destruction">Iraq WMDs</a>". Jackson Lee's spokesperson later said that she "misspoke".<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> A campaign advertisement for Jackson Lee in the 2023 Houston mayoral election instructed viewers to vote on the wrong date. Jackson Lee's spokesperson attributed the error to an external advertising agency.<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ElwynLee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/ElwynLee.jpg/220px-ElwynLee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/ElwynLee.jpg/330px-ElwynLee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/ElwynLee.jpg/440px-ElwynLee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Elwyn Lee in 2011</figcaption></figure> In 1973, Jackson Lee married Elwyn Lee, who has served as a law professor and vice president of student affairs at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Houston" title="University of Houston">University of Houston</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> The couple had two children, including her daughter <a href="/wiki/Erica_Lee_Carter" title="Erica Lee Carter">Erica Lee Carter</a> who replaced her in Congress.<a href="#cite_note-bio-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-17">[17]</a> Jackson Lee was a <a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> She was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Alpha" title="Alpha Kappa Alpha">Alpha Kappa Alpha</a> sorority<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/The_Links" title="The Links">The Links</a> organization.<a href="#cite_note-:1-113">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Illness_and_death">Illness and death</h3></div> Jackson Lee previously had <a href="/wiki/Breast_cancer" title="Breast cancer">breast cancer</a>, but was declared cancer-free in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> On June 2, 2024, Jackson Lee announced that she had been diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer" title="Pancreatic cancer">pancreatic cancer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> and was receiving treatments.<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> She died at a hospital in Houston on July 19, 2024, at the age of 74.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-WaPo_Obit-1">[1]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Joe_Biden_pays_his_respects_to_Rep._Sheila_Jackson_Lee_(D-TX),_who_passed_away_on_July_19,_at_Houston_City_Hall,_Monday,_July_29,_2024,_in_Houston,_Texas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/President_Joe_Biden_pays_his_respects_to_Rep._Sheila_Jackson_Lee_%28D-TX%29%2C_who_passed_away_on_July_19%2C_at_Houston_City_Hall%2C_Monday%2C_July_29%2C_2024%2C_in_Houston%2C_Texas.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/President_Joe_Biden_pays_his_respects_to_Rep._Sheila_Jackson_Lee_%28D-TX%29%2C_who_passed_away_on_July_19%2C_at_Houston_City_Hall%2C_Monday%2C_July_29%2C_2024%2C_in_Houston%2C_Texas.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/President_Joe_Biden_pays_his_respects_to_Rep._Sheila_Jackson_Lee_%28D-TX%29%2C_who_passed_away_on_July_19%2C_at_Houston_City_Hall%2C_Monday%2C_July_29%2C_2024%2C_in_Houston%2C_Texas.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>President Joe Biden paying his respects to Jackson Lee on July 29, 2024</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm/220px--Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="875" data-mwtitle="Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="av1, opus"" data-width="1326" data-height="746" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm/Vice_President_Harris_Delivers_the_Eulogy_at_the_Congresswoman_Sheila_Jackson_Lee_Memorial_Service.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>Vice President Kamala Harris delivering the eulogy at the memorial service for Jackson Lee, August 1, 2024</figcaption></figure> President Joe Biden arrived in Houston on Monday, July 29, 2024 to pay respects to Jackson Lee.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> During Jackson Lee's funeral service at Houston's Fallbrook Church on August 1, 2024, Vice President <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> gave the eulogy. Speakers included Bill Clinton, his wife and former Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, and U.S. House members Minority Leader <a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Jeffries" title="Hakeem Jeffries">Hakeem Jeffries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Black_Caucus" title="Congressional Black Caucus">Congressional Black Caucus</a> Chairman <a href="/wiki/Steven_Horsford" title="Steven Horsford">Steven Horsford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a> Chairwoman <a href="/wiki/Pramila_Jayapal" title="Pramila Jayapal">Pramila Jayapal</a>. Also delivering remarks were Ambassador <a href="/wiki/Audrey_Marks" title="Audrey Marks">Audrey Marks</a>, former <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Kappa_Alpha" title="Alpha Kappa Alpha">Alpha Kappa Alpha</a> Sorority President <a href="/wiki/Glenda_Glover" title="Glenda Glover">Glenda Glover</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Federation_of_Teachers" title="American Federation of Teachers">American Federation of Teachers</a> President <a href="/wiki/Randi_Weingarten" title="Randi Weingarten">Randi Weingarten</a>, former Houston Mayor <a href="/wiki/Sylvester_Turner" title="Sylvester Turner">Sylvester Turner</a>, Harris County Judge <a href="/wiki/Lina_Hidalgo" title="Lina Hidalgo">Lina Hidalgo</a>, Reverend <a href="/wiki/Al_Sharpton" title="Al Sharpton">Al Sharpton</a> and Civil Rights attorney <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Crump" title="Benjamin Crump">Benjamin Crump</a>, with activist <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Jesse Jackson</a> joining them on stage. Performances were delivered by <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Awards" title="Grammy Awards">Grammy</a> Award-winners <a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yolanda_Adams" title="Yolanda Adams">Yolanda Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donnie_McClurkin" title="Donnie McClurkin">Donnie McClurkin</a> and Pastor <a href="/wiki/Shirley_Caesar" title="Shirley Caesar">Shirley Caesar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-funeralandsecondperson-121">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_recognition">Awards and recognition</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hilal-i-Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilal-i-Pakistan">Hilal-i-Pakistan</a> (Crescent of Pakistan) Award (the highest civil award of Pakistan) from the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Pakistan" title="President of Pakistan">President of Pakistan</a> in 2020, recognizing her services to Pakistan.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 18th congressional district">18th congressional district</a>, 1994<a href="#cite_note-Sheila_Jackson_Lee-124">[123]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">84,790 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">73.5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Jerry Burley </td> <td style="text-align:right">28,153 </td> <td style="text-align:right">24.4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Party (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">J. Larry Snellings </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,278 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">George Hollenbeck </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,169 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">115,390 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 1996<a href="#cite_note-ballotpedia.org-125">[124]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">106,111 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">77.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Larry White </td> <td style="text-align:right">13,956 </td> <td style="text-align:right">10.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Jerry Burley </td> <td style="text-align:right">7,877 </td> <td style="text-align:right">5.7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">George Young </td> <td style="text-align:right">5,332 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Mike Lamson </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,412 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">137,688 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 1998<a href="#cite_note-ballotpedia.org-125">[124]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">82,091 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">89.9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">James Galvan </td> <td style="text-align:right">9,176 </td> <td style="text-align:right">10.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">91,267 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2000<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">131,857 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">76.5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">James Galvan </td> <td style="text-align:right">38,191 </td> <td style="text-align:right">22.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Colin Nankervis </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,330 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">172,378 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2002<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">99,161 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">76.9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Phillip Abbott </td> <td style="text-align:right">27,980 </td> <td style="text-align:right">21.7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Brent Sullivan </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,785 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">128,926 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2004<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">136,018 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">88.9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Party (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Tom Bazan </td> <td style="text-align:right">9,787 </td> <td style="text-align:right">6.4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Brent Sullivan </td> <td style="text-align:right">7,183 </td> <td style="text-align:right">4.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">152,988 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2006<a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">65,936 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">76.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Ahmad Hassan </td> <td style="text-align:right">16,448 </td> <td style="text-align:right">19.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Patrick Warren </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,667 </td> <td style="text-align:right">4.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">86,051 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2008<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">148,617 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">77.3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">John Faulk </td> <td style="text-align:right">39,095 </td> <td style="text-align:right">20.3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Mike Taylor </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,486 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">192,198 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2010<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">85,108 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">70.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">John Faulk </td> <td style="text-align:right">33,067 </td> <td style="text-align:right">27.3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Mike Taylor </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,118 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FFFFFF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Write-in" class="mw-redirect" title="Write-in">Write-in</a> </td> <td class="fn">Charles Meyer </td> <td style="text-align:right">28 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">121,321 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2012<a href="#cite_note-Sheila_Jackson_Lee-124">[123]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">146,223 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">75.0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sean Seilbert </td> <td style="text-align:right">44,015 </td> <td style="text-align:right">22.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Christopher Barber </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,694 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.4 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">194,932 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2014<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-132">[131]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">76,097 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">71.8 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sean Seibert </td> <td style="text-align:right">26,249 </td> <td style="text-align:right">24.8 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Party (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Vince Duncan </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,362 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#17aa5c;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a> </td> <td class="fn">Remington Alessi </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,302 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">106,010 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2016<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-132">[131]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">150,157 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">73.5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sean Seibert </td> <td style="text-align:right">48,306 </td> <td style="text-align:right">23.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#17aa5c;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Party (United States)">Green</a> </td> <td class="fn">Remington Alessi </td> <td style="text-align:right">5,845 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.9 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">204,308 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Democratic Primary for Texas's 18th congressional district, 2018<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-132">[131]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">34,514 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">86.0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Vince Duncan </td> <td style="text-align:right">5,604 </td> <td style="text-align:right">14.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">40,118 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2018<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-132">[131]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">138,704 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">75.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Ava Pate </td> <td style="text-align:right">38,368 </td> <td style="text-align:right">20.8 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Luke Spencer </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,067 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Party (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Vince Duncan </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,193 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.7 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">184,332 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Democratic Primary for Texas's 18th congressional district, 2020<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-132">[131]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">49,729 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">77.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Marc Flores </td> <td style="text-align:right">5,353 </td> <td style="text-align:right">8.3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Bimal Patel </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,456 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.8 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Jerry Ford Sr. </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,417 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Stevens Orozco </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,180 </td> <td style="text-align:right">3.4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Michael Allen </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,672 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Donovan Boson </td> <td style="text-align:right">709 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.1 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">64,516 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2020<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-132">[131]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">180,952 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">73.3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Wendell Champion </td> <td style="text-align:right">58,033 </td> <td style="text-align:right">23.5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Luke Spencer </td> <td style="text-align:right">4,514 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.8 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Party (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Vince Duncan </td> <td style="text-align:right">3,396 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.2 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">246,895 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Texas's 18th congressional district, 2022<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-132">[131]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#3333FF;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">110,511 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">70.7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td class="fn">Carmen Maria Montiel </td> <td style="text-align:right">40,941 </td> <td style="text-align:right">26.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#DDDDBB;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Party (United States)">Independent</a> </td> <td class="fn">Vince Duncan </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,766 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.8 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#FED105;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> </td> <td class="fn">Phil Kurtz </td> <td style="text-align:right">20,050 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">156,268 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F6F6F6"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF"> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> hold </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Houston mayoral general election, 2023<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_Whitmire" title="John Whitmire">John Whitmire</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">107,410 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">42.5 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">90,093 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">35.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Gilbert Garcia </td> <td style="text-align:right">18,220 </td> <td style="text-align:right">7.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Jack Christie </td> <td style="text-align:right">17,364 </td> <td style="text-align:right">6.9 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Lee Kaplan </td> <td style="text-align:right">6,645 </td> <td style="text-align:right">2.6 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Robert Gallegos </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,679 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">M.J. Khan </td> <td style="text-align:right">2,478 </td> <td style="text-align:right">1.0 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Annie Garcia </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,979 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.8 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Julian Martinez </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,813 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.7 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Roy Vasquez </td> <td style="text-align:right">1,083 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">M. Griffin </td> <td style="text-align:right">674 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.3 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Kathy Lee Tatum </td> <td style="text-align:right">532 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.2 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">David Lowy </td> <td style="text-align:right">368 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Chanel Mbala </td> <td style="text-align:right">356 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Naoufal Houjami </td> <td style="text-align:right">352 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Gaylon Caldwell </td> <td style="text-align:right">331 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">B. Ivy </td> <td style="text-align:right">287 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.1 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Robin Williams </td> <td style="text-align:right">95 </td> <td style="text-align:right">0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">252,759 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="; margin-right:1em; font-size:95%"> <caption>Houston mayoral runoff election, 2023<a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 15em">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:5px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/John_Whitmire" title="John Whitmire">John Whitmire</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">129,495 </td> <td style="text-align:right;margin-right:0.5em">64.4 </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#808080;width:2px"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><a href="/wiki/Non-partisan_democracy" title="Non-partisan democracy">Nonpartisan</a> </td> <td class="fn">Sheila Jackson Lee </td> <td style="text-align:right">71,523 </td> <td style="text-align:right">35.6 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:right;">Total votes </th> <td style="text-align:right;">201,018 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">100.0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_representatives" title="List of African-American United States representatives">List of African-American United States representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Congress_members_who_died_in_office_(2000%E2%80%93)" title="List of United States Congress members who died in office (2000–)">List of United States Congress members who died in office (2000–)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Houston" title="Politics of Houston">Politics of Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Women in the United States House of Representatives">Women in the United States House of Representatives</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> John Whitmire is a Democratic state senator who was Jackson Lee's primary opponent in the mayoral election. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WaPo_Obit-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_Obit_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_Obit_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration 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Congressional Progressive Caucus. n.d. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190427164818/https://cpc-grijalva.house.gov/index.cfm?sectionid=71&sectiontree=2,71">Archived</a> from the original on April 27, 2019. Retrieved January 30, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Caucus+Members&rft.pub=Congressional+Progressive+Caucus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcpc-grijalva.house.gov%2Findex.cfm%3Fsectionid%3D71%26sectiontree%3D2%2C71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://housebalticcaucus.webs.com/members">"Members"</a>. 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Afterschool Alliance. n.d. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190427115234/http://www.afterschoolalliance.org/policyCongressionalCaucuses.cfm">Archived</a> from the original on April 27, 2019. Retrieved March 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members&rft.pub=Afterschool+Alliance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afterschoolalliance.org%2FpolicyCongressionalCaucuses.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142643/http://www.ng911institute.org/about-the-congressional-nextgen-9-1-1-caucus">"Members"</a>. Congressional NextGen 9-1-1 Caucus. n.d. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ng911institute.org/about-the-congressional-nextgen-9-1-1-caucus">the original</a> on June 12, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members&rft.pub=Congressional+NextGen+9-1-1+Caucus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ng911institute.org%2Fabout-the-congressional-nextgen-9-1-1-caucus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180801155201/https://royce.house.gov/internationalconservation/members.html">"Our Members"</a>. U.S. House of Representatives International Conservation Caucus. n.d. 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U.S. – Japan Caucus. n.d. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181221215846/https://usjapancaucus-castro.house.gov/members">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2018. 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The Texas Tribune. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230327154146/https://www.texastribune.org/2023/03/27/sheila-jackson-lee-houston-mayor/">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2023. 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December 10, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231210014007/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/elections/democrat-john-whitmire-wins-houston-mayoral-race-rcna127278">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2023. 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Texas Tribune. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231211203134/https://www.texastribune.org/2023/12/11/sheila-jackson-lee-reelection-house/">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2023. 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The Hill. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231211204206/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/4354263-sheila-jackson-lee-reelection-houston/">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Sheila+Jackson+Lee+files+for+reelection+after+losing+Houston+mayor+race&rft.date=2023-12-11&rft.aulast=Gans&rft.aufirst=Jared&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fcampaign%2F4354263-sheila-jackson-lee-reelection-houston%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Small firms to get help in exporting". Houston Chronicle. 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Houston Chronicle. p. 10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Houston+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Delegation+Watch+%2F+Jackson+Lee+backs+her+vow+on+Darfur+%2F+Calls+her+arrest+a+statement+on+the+war+and+genocide&rft.pages=10&rft.date=2006-04-30&rft.aulast=Levine&rft.aufirst=Samantha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chron.com%2Fdisp%2Fstory.mpl%2Fnation%2F3828625.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://clerk.house.gov/evs/2002/roll455.xml">"Final Vote Results for Roll Call 455"</a>. <a href="/wiki/107th_United_States_Congress" title="107th United States Congress">107th Congress</a>. <a href="/wiki/Clerk_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Clerk of the United States House of Representatives">Clerk of the United States House of Representatives</a>. 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February 21, 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2007_4291743">Jackson Lee tries to smooth Chavez ties / Her Venezuela trip, she says, was an attempt to protect jobs here</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090712144701/http://www.chron.com/CDA/archives/archive.mpl?id=2007_4291743">Archived</a> 2009-07-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." <a href="/wiki/Houston_Chronicle" title="Houston Chronicle">Houston Chronicle</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHighamRichCrites2015" class="citation news cs1">Higham, Scott; Rich, Steven; Crites, Alice (May 13, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/10-members-of-congress-took-trip-secretly-funded-by-foreign-government/2015/05/13/76b55332-f720-11e4-9030-b4732caefe81_story.html">"10 members of Congress took trip secretly funded by foreign government"</a>. 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Sheila Jackson confuses Wikipedia with Wikileaks"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240410022846/https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/2213145/watch-rep-sheila-jackson-lee-confuses-wikipedia-with-wikileaks/">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2024. Retrieved April 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Washington+Examiner&rft.atitle=Rep.+Sheila+Jackson+confuses+Wikipedia+with+Wikileaks&rft.date=2016-10-22&rft.aulast=Giaritelli&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonexaminer.com%2Fnews%2F2213145%2Fwatch-rep-sheila-jackson-lee-confuses-wikipedia-with-wikileaks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriggs2024" class="citation news cs1">Briggs, Shakari (April 9, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.houstonchronicle.com/politics/article/sheila-jackson-lee-moon-gas-19394031.php">"U.S. Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee responds to backlash after saying moon is mostly made up of gases"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Houston_Chronicle" title="Houston Chronicle">Houston Chronicle</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240409203840/https://www.houstonchronicle.com/politics/article/sheila-jackson-lee-moon-gas-19394031.php">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2024. Retrieved April 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Houston+Chronicle&rft.atitle=U.S.+Rep.+Sheila+Jackson+Lee+responds+to+backlash+after+saying+moon+is+mostly+made+up+of+gases&rft.date=2024-04-09&rft.aulast=Briggs&rft.aufirst=Shakari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.houstonchronicle.com%2Fpolitics%2Farticle%2Fsheila-jackson-lee-moon-gas-19394031.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbrahim2024" class="citation web cs1">Ibrahim, Nur (April 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/sheila-jackson-lee-moon/">"US Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee Said Moon Is Planet and Made Up of 'Gases'?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Snopes" title="Snopes">Snopes</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240410233938/https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/sheila-jackson-lee-moon/">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2024. Retrieved April 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Snopes&rft.atitle=US+Rep.+Sheila+Jackson+Lee+Said+Moon+Is+Planet+and+Made+Up+of+%27Gases%27%3F&rft.date=2024-04-10&rft.aulast=Ibrahim&rft.aufirst=Nur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.snopes.com%2Ffact-check%2Fsheila-jackson-lee-moon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Two_Vietnams-101"><a href="#cite_ref-Two_Vietnams_101-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCondon2010" class="citation news cs1">Condon, Stephanie (July 16, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/sheila-jackson-lee-catches-flack-for-citing-two-vietnams/">"Sheila Jackson Lee Catches Flack for Citing 'Two Vietnams'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100718102637/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20010824-503544.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Sheila+Jackson+Lee+Catches+Flack+for+Citing+%27Two+Vietnams%27&rft.date=2010-07-16&rft.aulast=Condon&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fsheila-jackson-lee-catches-flack-for-citing-two-vietnams%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-North_and_South-102"><a href="#cite_ref-North_and_South_102-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Rourke2010" class="citation web cs1">O'Rourke, Ciara (July 21, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politifact.com/texas/statements/2010/jul/21/sheila-jackson-lee/sheila-jackson-lee-says-there-are-two-vietnams-nor/">"Sheila Jackson Lee says there are two Vietnams: North and South"</a>. <a href="/wiki/PolitiFact" title="PolitiFact">PolitiFact</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231103153859/https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2010/jul/21/sheila-jackson-lee/sheila-jackson-lee-says-there-are-two-vietnams-nor/">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PolitiFact&rft.atitle=Sheila+Jackson+Lee+says+there+are+two+Vietnams%3A+North+and+South&rft.date=2010-07-21&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=Ciara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politifact.com%2Ftexas%2Fstatements%2F2010%2Fjul%2F21%2Fsheila-jackson-lee%2Fsheila-jackson-lee-says-there-are-two-vietnams-nor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJavers1997" class="citation news cs1">Javers, Eamon (September 10, 1997). "Jackson-Lee's Planetary Gaffe". <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Jackson-Lee%27s+Planetary+Gaffe&rft.date=1997-09-10&rft.aulast=Javers&rft.aufirst=Eamon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-104">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_104-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_104-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1997" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Evan_Smith_(journalist)" title="Evan Smith (journalist)">Smith, Evan</a> (November 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.texasmonthly.com/news-politics/mooned/">"Mooned"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Texas_Monthly" title="Texas Monthly">Texas Monthly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410163152/https://www.texasmonthly.com/news-politics/mooned/">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Texas+Monthly&rft.atitle=Mooned&rft.date=1997-11&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.texasmonthly.com%2Fnews-politics%2Fmooned%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Jackson Lee Article Smacks of Racial Overtones, Says Aide". <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a>. September 24, 1997.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Jackson+Lee+Article+Smacks+of+Racial+Overtones%2C+Says+Aide&rft.date=1997-09-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2014" class="citation news cs1">Miller, Katherine (July 30, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/katherinemiller/we-never-tried-to-impeach-bush-says-democratic-lawmaker-who">"We Never Tried To Impeach Bush, Says Democratic Lawmaker Who Co-Sponsored Bush Impeachment Bill"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BuzzFeed_News" title="BuzzFeed News">BuzzFeed News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230619140651/https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/katherinemiller/we-never-tried-to-impeach-bush-says-democratic-lawmaker-who">Archived</a> from the original on June 19, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BuzzFeed+News&rft.atitle=We+Never+Tried+To+Impeach+Bush%2C+Says+Democratic+Lawmaker+Who+Co-Sponsored+Bush+Impeachment+Bill&rft.date=2014-07-30&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.buzzfeednews.com%2Farticle%2Fkatherinemiller%2Fwe-never-tried-to-impeach-bush-says-democratic-lawmaker-who&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacobson2014" class="citation news cs1">Jacobson, Louis (July 31, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2014/jul/31/sheila-jackson-lee/rep-sheila-jackson-lee-d-texas-says-we-did-not-see/">"Jackson Lee says 'we did not seek an impeachment of President Bush' but she co-sponsored '08 bill"</a>. <a href="/wiki/PolitiFact" title="PolitiFact">PolitiFact</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231209153159/https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2014/jul/31/sheila-jackson-lee/rep-sheila-jackson-lee-d-texas-says-we-did-not-see/">Archived</a> from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved April 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PolitiFact&rft.atitle=Jackson+Lee+says+%27we+did+not+seek+an+impeachment+of+President+Bush%27+but+she+co-sponsored+%2708+bill&rft.date=2014-07-31&rft.aulast=Jacobson&rft.aufirst=Louis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politifact.com%2Ffactchecks%2F2014%2Fjul%2F31%2Fsheila-jackson-lee%2Frep-sheila-jackson-lee-d-texas-says-we-did-not-see%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurney2023" class="citation news cs1">Murney, Michael (December 4, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chron.com/news/article/sheila-jackson-lee-houston-texas-18532403.php">"Sheila Jackson Lee tells Houston voters to go to polls – on the wrong day"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Houston_Chronicle" title="Houston Chronicle">Houston Chronicle</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240119112326/https://www.chron.com/news/article/sheila-jackson-lee-houston-texas-18532403.php">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2024. 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Retrieved December 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GovInfo&rft.atitle=Congressional+Directory+for+the+116th+Congress+%282019%E2%80%932020%29%2C+July+2020.+%5BPage+263%5D&rft.date=2020-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govinfo.gov%2Fcontent%2Fpkg%2FCDIR-2020-07-22%2Fhtml%2FCDIR-2020-07-22-TX-H-18.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDietrich2019" class="citation web cs1">Dietrich, Pam (January 31, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrummagazine.org/news/2019/adventist-congresswoman-steps-down-key-posts-and-more-news-shorts">"Adventist congresswoman steps down from key posts — and more news shorts"</a>. Spectrum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231210051708/https://spectrummagazine.org/news/2019/adventist-congresswoman-steps-down-key-posts-and-more-news-shorts">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2023. Retrieved December 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spectrum&rft.atitle=Adventist+congresswoman+steps+down+from+key+posts+%E2%80%94+and+more+news+shorts&rft.date=2019-01-31&rft.aulast=Dietrich&rft.aufirst=Pam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrummagazine.org%2Fnews%2F2019%2Fadventist-congresswoman-steps-down-key-posts-and-more-news-shorts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKillelea2024" class="citation news cs1">Killelea, Eric (July 30, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chron.com/culture/religion/article/texas-pastors-sheila-jackson-lee-19606996.php">"Houston pastors celebrate Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee"</a>. Houston Chronicle.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Houston+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Houston+pastors+celebrate+Congresswoman+Sheila+Jackson+Lee&rft.date=2024-07-30&rft.aulast=Killelea&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chron.com%2Fculture%2Freligion%2Farticle%2Ftexas-pastors-sheila-jackson-lee-19606996.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagagnini2008" class="citation news cs1">Magagnini, Stephen (January 1, 2008). "Pride and comfort; National black sorority 'gathers for the specific purpose of being selfless'". Beaumont Enterprise. 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[Place of publication not identified]: HarperCollins e-Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-187081-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-187081-1"><bdi>978-0-06-187081-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/877899803">877899803</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220924221604/https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/877899803">Archived</a> from the original on September 24, 2022. 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Retrieved December 10, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ballotpedia&rft.atitle=Sheila+Jackson+Lee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FSheila_Jackson_Lee%23cite_note-146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASheila+Jackson+Lee" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Sheila_Jackson_Lee#cite_note-145">"Sheila Jackson Lee"</a>. Ballotpedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231210105217/https://ballotpedia.org/Sheila_Jackson_Lee#cite_note-145">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2023. 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href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Sheila_Jackson-Lee" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Sheila Jackson-Lee">Sheila Jackson Lee</a></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tH4QdHxO-Q0">Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee Celebration of Life</a>, August 1, 2024, Fallbrook Church, Houston, Texas</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jacksonlee.house.gov/">Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee</a> official U.S. House website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sheilajacksonlee18.com/">Sheila Jackson Lee for U.S. Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?36819">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=j000032">Biography</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/H4TX18054">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/member/sheila-jackson-lee/588">Legislation sponsored</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/21692">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Washington" title="Craig Washington">Craig Washington</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">U.S. House of Representatives</a> from <a href="/wiki/Texas%27s_18th_congressional_district" title="Texas's 18th congressional district">Texas's 18th congressional district</a> 1995–2024 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Erica_Lee_Carter" title="Erica Lee Carter">Erica Lee Carter</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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104th–118th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> (ordered by seniority)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/104th_United_States_Congress" title="104th United States Congress">104th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Phil_Gramm" title="Phil Gramm">P. Gramm</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison">K. Hutchison</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Henry B. González">H. González</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kika_de_la_Garza" title="Kika de la Garza">K. de la Garza</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Archer" title="Bill Archer">B. Archer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Wilson_(Texas_politician)" title="Charlie Wilson (Texas politician)">C. Wilson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Martin_Frost" title="Martin Frost">M. Frost</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charles_Stenholm" title="Charles Stenholm">C. Stenholm</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jack_Fields" title="Jack Fields">J. Fields</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_Bryant" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley Bryant">J. Bryant</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ronald_D._Coleman" class="mw-redirect" title="Ronald D. Coleman">R. Coleman</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Solomon_P._Ortiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon P. Ortiz">S. Ortiz</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">D. Armey</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Larry_Combest" title="Larry Combest">L. Combest</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLay" title="Tom DeLay">T. DeLay</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jim_Chapman_(congressman)" title="Jim Chapman (congressman)">J. Chapman</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Greg_Laughlin" title="Greg Laughlin">G. Laughlin</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Geren" title="Pete Geren">P. Geren</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chet_Edwards" title="Chet Edwards">C. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Bonilla" title="Henry Bonilla">H. Bonilla</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Frank_Tejeda" title="Frank Tejeda">F. Tejeda</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ken_Bentsen_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Ken Bentsen Jr.">K. Bentsen</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Steve_Stockman" title="Steve Stockman">S. Stockman</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/105th_United_States_Congress" title="105th United States Congress">105th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Phil_Gramm" title="Phil Gramm">P. Gramm</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison">K. Hutchison</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_B._Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Henry B. González">H. González</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Archer" title="Bill Archer">B. Archer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Martin_Frost" title="Martin Frost">M. Frost</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charles_Stenholm" title="Charles Stenholm">C. Stenholm</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Solomon_P._Ortiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon P. Ortiz">S. Ortiz</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">D. Armey</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Larry_Combest" title="Larry Combest">L. Combest</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLay" title="Tom DeLay">T. DeLay</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chet_Edwards" title="Chet Edwards">C. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Bonilla" title="Henry Bonilla">H. Bonilla</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Frank_Tejeda" title="Frank Tejeda">F. Tejeda</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ken_Bentsen_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Ken Bentsen Jr.">K. Bentsen</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Nick_Lampson" title="Nick Lampson">N. Lampson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Reyes" title="Silvestre Reyes">S. Reyes</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Max_Sandlin" title="Max Sandlin">M. Sandlin</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jim_Turner_(politician)" title="Jim Turner (politician)">J. Turner</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ciro_Rodriguez" title="Ciro Rodriguez">C. Rodriguez</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/106th_United_States_Congress" title="106th United States Congress">106th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Phil_Gramm" title="Phil Gramm">P. Gramm</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison">K. Hutchison</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Archer" title="Bill Archer">B. Archer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Martin_Frost" title="Martin Frost">M. Frost</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charles_Stenholm" title="Charles Stenholm">C. Stenholm</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Solomon_P._Ortiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon P. Ortiz">S. Ortiz</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">D. Armey</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Larry_Combest" title="Larry Combest">L. Combest</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLay" title="Tom DeLay">T. DeLay</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chet_Edwards" title="Chet Edwards">C. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Bonilla" title="Henry Bonilla">H. Bonilla</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ken_Bentsen_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Ken Bentsen Jr.">K. Bentsen</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Nick_Lampson" title="Nick Lampson">N. Lampson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Reyes" title="Silvestre Reyes">S. Reyes</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Max_Sandlin" title="Max Sandlin">M. Sandlin</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jim_Turner_(politician)" title="Jim Turner (politician)">J. Turner</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ciro_Rodriguez" title="Ciro Rodriguez">C. Rodriguez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Gonzalez" title="Charlie Gonzalez">C. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/107th_United_States_Congress" title="107th United States Congress">107th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Phil_Gramm" title="Phil Gramm">P. Gramm</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison">K. Hutchison</a> (R) </li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Martin_Frost" title="Martin Frost">M. Frost</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charles_Stenholm" title="Charles Stenholm">C. Stenholm</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Solomon_P._Ortiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon P. Ortiz">S. Ortiz</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Dick_Armey" title="Dick Armey">D. Armey</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Larry_Combest" title="Larry Combest">L. Combest</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLay" title="Tom DeLay">T. DeLay</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chet_Edwards" title="Chet Edwards">C. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Bonilla" title="Henry Bonilla">H. Bonilla</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ken_Bentsen_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Ken Bentsen Jr.">K. Bentsen</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Nick_Lampson" title="Nick Lampson">N. Lampson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Reyes" title="Silvestre Reyes">S. Reyes</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Max_Sandlin" title="Max Sandlin">M. Sandlin</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jim_Turner_(politician)" title="Jim Turner (politician)">J. Turner</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ciro_Rodriguez" title="Ciro Rodriguez">C. Rodriguez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Gonzalez" title="Charlie Gonzalez">C. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/108th_United_States_Congress" title="108th United States Congress">108th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison">K. Hutchison</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Martin_Frost" title="Martin Frost">M. Frost</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charles_Stenholm" title="Charles Stenholm">C. Stenholm</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Solomon_P._Ortiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon P. Ortiz">S. Ortiz</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Larry_Combest" title="Larry Combest">L. Combest</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLay" title="Tom DeLay">T. DeLay</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chet_Edwards" title="Chet Edwards">C. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Bonilla" title="Henry Bonilla">H. Bonilla</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Nick_Lampson" title="Nick Lampson">N. Lampson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Reyes" title="Silvestre Reyes">S. Reyes</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Max_Sandlin" title="Max Sandlin">M. Sandlin</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jim_Turner_(politician)" title="Jim Turner (politician)">J. Turner</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ciro_Rodriguez" title="Ciro Rodriguez">C. Rodriguez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Gonzalez" title="Charlie Gonzalez">C. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chris_Bell_(politician)" title="Chris Bell (politician)">C. Bell</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Neugebauer" title="Randy Neugebauer">R. Neugebauer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/109th_United_States_Congress" title="109th United States Congress">109th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison">K. Hutchison</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Solomon_P._Ortiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon P. Ortiz">S. Ortiz</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Tom_DeLay" title="Tom DeLay">T. DeLay</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chet_Edwards" title="Chet Edwards">C. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Bonilla" title="Henry Bonilla">H. Bonilla</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Reyes" title="Silvestre Reyes">S. Reyes</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Gonzalez" title="Charlie Gonzalez">C. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Neugebauer" title="Randy Neugebauer">R. Neugebauer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">T. Poe</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Shelley_Sekula-Gibbs" title="Shelley Sekula-Gibbs">S. Sekula-Gibbs</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/110th_United_States_Congress" title="110th United States Congress">110th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison">K. Hutchison</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Solomon_P._Ortiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon P. Ortiz">S. Ortiz</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chet_Edwards" title="Chet Edwards">C. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Reyes" title="Silvestre Reyes">S. Reyes</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Gonzalez" title="Charlie Gonzalez">C. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Nick_Lampson" title="Nick Lampson">N. Lampson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ciro_Rodriguez" title="Ciro Rodriguez">C. Rodriguez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Neugebauer" title="Randy Neugebauer">R. Neugebauer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">T. Poe</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/111th_United_States_Congress" title="111th United States Congress">111th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison">K. Hutchison</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Solomon_P._Ortiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Solomon P. Ortiz">S. Ortiz</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chet_Edwards" title="Chet Edwards">C. Edwards</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Reyes" title="Silvestre Reyes">S. Reyes</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Gonzalez" title="Charlie Gonzalez">C. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ciro_Rodriguez" title="Ciro Rodriguez">C. Rodriguez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Neugebauer" title="Randy Neugebauer">R. Neugebauer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">T. Poe</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Olson" title="Pete Olson">P. Olson</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/112th_United_States_Congress" title="112th United States Congress">112th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Bailey_Hutchison" title="Kay Bailey Hutchison">K. Hutchison</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Reyes" title="Silvestre Reyes">S. Reyes</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Charlie_Gonzalez" title="Charlie Gonzalez">C. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Neugebauer" title="Randy Neugebauer">R. Neugebauer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">T. Poe</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Olson" title="Pete Olson">P. Olson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Quico_Canseco" title="Quico Canseco">Q. Canseco</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Blake_Farenthold" title="Blake Farenthold">B. Farenthold</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Flores" title="Bill Flores">B. Flores</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">T. Cruz</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ralph_Hall" title="Ralph Hall">R. Hall</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Neugebauer" title="Randy Neugebauer">R. Neugebauer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">T. Poe</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Olson" title="Pete Olson">P. Olson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Blake_Farenthold" title="Blake Farenthold">B. Farenthold</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Flores" title="Bill Flores">B. Flores</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Steve_Stockman" title="Steve Stockman">S. Stockman</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">J. Castro</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Gallego" title="Pete Gallego">P. Gallego</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Beto_O%27Rourke" title="Beto O'Rourke">B. O'Rourke</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">M. Veasey</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Filemon_Vela_Jr." title="Filemon Vela Jr.">F. Vela Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">R. Weber</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">R. Williams</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">T. Cruz</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Hinojosa" title="Rubén Hinojosa">R. Hinojosa</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Neugebauer" title="Randy Neugebauer">R. Neugebauer</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">T. Poe</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Olson" title="Pete Olson">P. Olson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Blake_Farenthold" title="Blake Farenthold">B. Farenthold</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Flores" title="Bill Flores">B. Flores</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">J. Castro</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Beto_O%27Rourke" title="Beto O'Rourke">B. O'Rourke</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">M. Veasey</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Filemon_Vela_Jr." title="Filemon Vela Jr.">F. Vela Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">R. Weber</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">R. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">B. Babin</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Will_Hurd" title="Will Hurd">W. Hurd</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">J. Ratcliffe</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">T. Cruz</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joe_Barton" title="Joe Barton">J. Barton</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lamar_Smith" title="Lamar Smith">L. Smith</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sam_Johnson" title="Sam Johnson">S. Johnson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Gene_Green" title="Gene Green">G. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Culberson" title="John Culberson">J. Culberson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jeb_Hensarling" title="Jeb Hensarling">J. Hensarling</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Poe" title="Ted Poe">T. Poe</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Olson" title="Pete Olson">P. Olson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Blake_Farenthold" title="Blake Farenthold">B. Farenthold</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Flores" title="Bill Flores">B. Flores</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">J. Castro</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Beto_O%27Rourke" title="Beto O'Rourke">B. O'Rourke</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">M. Veasey</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Filemon_Vela_Jr." title="Filemon Vela Jr.">F. Vela Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">R. Weber</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">R. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">B. Babin</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Will_Hurd" title="Will Hurd">W. Hurd</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">J. Ratcliffe</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jodey_Arrington" title="Jodey Arrington">J. Arrington</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Vicente_Gonzalez_(politician)" title="Vicente Gonzalez (politician)">V. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_Cloud" title="Michael Cloud">M. Cloud</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">T. Cruz</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mac_Thornberry" title="Mac Thornberry">M. Thornberry</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mike_Conaway" title="Mike Conaway">M. Conaway</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kenny_Marchant" title="Kenny Marchant">K. Marchant</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Olson" title="Pete Olson">P. Olson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Bill_Flores" title="Bill Flores">B. Flores</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">J. Castro</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">M. Veasey</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Filemon_Vela_Jr." title="Filemon Vela Jr.">F. Vela Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">R. Weber</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">R. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">B. Babin</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Will_Hurd" title="Will Hurd">W. Hurd</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Ratcliffe_(American_politician)" title="John Ratcliffe (American politician)">J. Ratcliffe</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jodey_Arrington" title="Jodey Arrington">J. Arrington</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Vicente_Gonzalez_(politician)" title="Vicente Gonzalez (politician)">V. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_Cloud" title="Michael Cloud">M. Cloud</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Colin_Allred" title="Colin Allred">C. Allred</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Dan_Crenshaw" title="Dan Crenshaw">D. Crenshaw</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Veronica_Escobar" title="Veronica Escobar">V. Escobar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Garcia" title="Sylvia Garcia">S. Garcia</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lance_Gooden" title="Lance Gooden">L. Gooden</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Fletcher" title="Lizzie Fletcher">L. Fletcher</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">C. Roy</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Van_Taylor" title="Van Taylor">V. Taylor</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Wright_(politician)" title="Ron Wright (politician)">R. Wright</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">T. Cruz</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Eddie_Bernice_Johnson" title="Eddie Bernice Johnson">E. B. Johnson</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kevin_Brady" title="Kevin Brady">K. Brady</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">K. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">H. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Louie_Gohmert" title="Louie Gohmert">L. Gohmert</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">J. Castro</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">M. Veasey</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Filemon_Vela_Jr." title="Filemon Vela Jr.">F. Vela Jr.</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">R. Weber</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">R. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">B. Babin</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jodey_Arrington" title="Jodey Arrington">J. Arrington</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Vicente_Gonzalez_(politician)" title="Vicente Gonzalez (politician)">V. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_Cloud" title="Michael Cloud">M. Cloud</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Colin_Allred" title="Colin Allred">C. Allred</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Dan_Crenshaw" title="Dan Crenshaw">D. Crenshaw</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Veronica_Escobar" title="Veronica Escobar">V. Escobar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Garcia" title="Sylvia Garcia">S. Garcia</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lance_Gooden" title="Lance Gooden">L. Gooden</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Fletcher" title="Lizzie Fletcher">L. Fletcher</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">C. Roy</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Van_Taylor" title="Van Taylor">V. Taylor</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ron_Wright_(politician)" title="Ron Wright (politician)">R. Wright</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pat_Fallon" title="Pat Fallon">P. Fallon</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Tony_Gonzales" title="Tony Gonzales">T. Gonzales</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ronny_Jackson" title="Ronny Jackson">R. Jackson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Troy_Nehls" title="Troy Nehls">T. Nehls</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/August_Pfluger" title="August Pfluger">A. Pfluger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Beth_Van_Duyne" title="Beth Van Duyne">B. Van Duyne</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jake_Ellzey" title="Jake Ellzey">J. Ellzey</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Mayra_Flores" title="Mayra Flores">M. Flores</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th</a> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">Senate</a>: ▌<a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">J. Cornyn</a> (R) · ▌<a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">R. Cruz</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Texas" title="List of United States representatives from Texas">House</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doggett" title="Lloyd Doggett">L. Doggett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Jackson Lee</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Kay_Granger" title="Kay Granger">N. Granger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pete_Sessions" title="Pete Sessions">P. Sessions</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Burgess" title="Michael C. Burgess">M. Burgess</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/John_Carter_(Texas_politician)" title="John Carter (Texas politician)">J. Carter</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cuellar" title="Henry Cuellar">E. Cuellar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Al_Green_(politician)" title="Al Green (politician)">A. Green</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_McCaul" title="Michael McCaul">M. McCaul</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Joaquin_Castro" title="Joaquin Castro">J. Castro</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Marc_Veasey" title="Marc Veasey">M. Veasey</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Randy_Weber" title="Randy Weber">R. Weber</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Roger_Williams_(Texas_politician)" title="Roger Williams (Texas politician)">J. Williams</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Brian_Babin" title="Brian Babin">B. Babin</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jodey_Arrington" title="Jodey Arrington">J. Arrington</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Vicente_Gonzalez_(politician)" title="Vicente Gonzalez (politician)">V. Gonzalez</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Michael_Cloud" title="Michael Cloud">M. Cloud</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Colin_Allred" title="Colin Allred">C. Allred</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Dan_Crenshaw" title="Dan Crenshaw">D. Crenshaw</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Veronica_Escobar" title="Veronica Escobar">V. Escobar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Garcia" title="Sylvia Garcia">S. Garcia</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lance_Gooden" title="Lance Gooden">L. Gooden</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Lizzie_Fletcher" title="Lizzie Fletcher">E. Fletcher</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Chip_Roy" title="Chip Roy">C. Roy</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Pat_Fallon" title="Pat Fallon">P. Fallon</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Tony_Gonzales" title="Tony Gonzales">E. Gonzales</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Ronny_Jackson" title="Ronny Jackson">R. Jackson</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Troy_Nehls" title="Troy Nehls">T. Nehls</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/August_Pfluger" title="August Pfluger">A. Pfluger</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Beth_Van_Duyne" title="Beth Van Duyne">B. Van Duyne</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jake_Ellzey" title="Jake Ellzey">J. Ellzey</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Greg_Casar" title="Greg Casar">G. Casar</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Jasmine_Crockett" title="Jasmine Crockett">J. Crockett</a> (D)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Monica_De_La_Cruz" title="Monica De La Cruz">M. De La Cruz</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Wesley_Hunt" title="Wesley Hunt">W. Hunt</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Morgan_Luttrell" title="Morgan Luttrell">M. Luttrell</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Moran" title="Nathaniel Moran">N. Moran</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Keith_Self" title="Keith Self">K. Self</a> (R)</li> <li>▌<a href="/wiki/Erica_Lee_Carter" title="Erica Lee Carter">E. Carter</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461734#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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