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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Principal_communes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principal_communes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Principal communes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principal_communes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relief" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relief"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Relief</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relief-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Hydrography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Heraldry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heraldry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Heraldry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heraldry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics_and_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_and_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politics and administration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics_and_administration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics and administration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics_and_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Prefecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prefecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Prefecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prefecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Two_senators" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Two_senators"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Two senators</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Two_senators-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Representatives_in_the_National_Assembly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Representatives_in_the_National_Assembly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Representatives in the National Assembly</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Representatives_in_the_National_Assembly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Departmental_Council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Departmental_Council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Departmental Council</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Departmental_Council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History_of_the_left_in_Allier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_the_left_in_Allier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>History of the left in Allier</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_the_left_in_Allier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gastronomy_and_viticulture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gastronomy_and_viticulture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Gastronomy and viticulture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gastronomy_and_viticulture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Gastronomy and viticulture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gastronomy_and_viticulture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Second_homes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_homes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Second homes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_homes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sister_Regions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_Regions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Sister Regions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_Regions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regional_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regional_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Regional languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regional_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Allier</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 97 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_Allier" title="Département Allier – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Département Allier" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%8A_(%D8%A5%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A)" title="أليي (إقليم فرنسي) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أليي (إقليم فرنسي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alier" title="Alier – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Alier" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali%C3%A9r_(d%C3%A8partament)" title="Aliér (dèpartament) – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Aliér (dèpartament)" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alye" title="Alye – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Alye" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5_(%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Алье (дэпартамент) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Алье (дэпартамент)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Алье – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Алье" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5_(%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Алие (департамент) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Алие (департамент)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departamant)" title="Allier (departamant) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Allier (departamant)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alier" title="Alier – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alier" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5_(%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Алье (департамент) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Алье (департамент)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departement)" title="Allier (departement) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Allier (departement)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departemeanta)" title="Allier (departemeanta) – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Allier (departemeanta)" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_Allier" title="Département Allier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Département Allier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier%27_departemang" title="Allier' departemang – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Allier' departemang" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%AD_(%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82)" title="Αλλιέ (νομός) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αλλιέ (νομός)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%87" title="آلیه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(d%C3%A9partement)" title="Allier (département) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Allier (département)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier-s%C3%A9n" title="Allier-sén – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Allier-sén" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%90%EC%A3%BC" title="알리에주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알리에주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A5_(%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%BC)" title="Ալյե (գավառ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալյե (գավառ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departimento_Allier" title="Departimento Allier – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Departimento Allier" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_Allier" title="Département Allier – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Département Allier" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Алье – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Алье" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94_(%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%95%D7%96)" title="אלייה (מחוז) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלייה (מחוז)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ალიეს დეპარტამენტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ალიეს დეპარტამენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Алье – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Алье" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(kizunga)" title="Allier (kizunga) – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Allier (kizunga)" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A2" title="ແຂວງອາລີເຢ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ແຂວງອາລີເຢ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaver_(praefectura_Franciae)" title="Elaver (praefectura Franciae) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Elaver (praefectura Franciae)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alj%C4%93_(departaments)" title="Aljē (departaments) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aljē (departaments)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departement_Allier" title="Departement Allier – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Departement Allier" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alj%C4%97" title="Aljė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aljė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(dipartiment)" title="Allier (dipartiment) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Allier (dipartiment)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(megye)" title="Allier (megye) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Allier (megye)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Алие – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Алие" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87" title="आल्ये – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आल्ये" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%89" title="اليى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اليى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departement)" title="Allier (departement) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Allier (departement)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A8%E7%9C%8C" title="アリエ県 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アリエ県" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Алье – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Алье" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(Department)" title="Allier (Department) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Allier (Department)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departament_d%27Al%C3%A8ir" title="Departament d'Alèir – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Departament d'Alèir" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D9%84%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%BA" title="ضلع الائیغ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ضلع الائیغ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipartiment_%C3%ABd_l%27Allier" title="Dipartiment ëd l'Allier – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Dipartiment ëd l'Allier" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departament)" title="Allier (departament) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Allier (departament)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departamento)" title="Allier (departamento) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Allier (departamento)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Алье – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Алье" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departement)" title="Allier (departement) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Allier (departement)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departma)" title="Allier (departma) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Allier (departma)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5_(%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD)" title="Алије (департман) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Алије (департман)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departman)" title="Allier (departman) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Allier (departman)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departementti)" title="Allier (departementti) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Allier (departementti)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier_(departement)" title="Allier (departement) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Allier (departement)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2" title="จังหวัดอาลีเย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จังหวัดอาลีเย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Департаменти Але – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Департаменти Але" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%94" title="Альє – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Альє" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%92" title="الیے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="الیے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%88%97%E7%9C%81" title="阿列省 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿列省" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%88%97" title="阿列 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿列" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alye" title="Alye – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Alye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allier" title="Allier – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Allier" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%88%97%E7%9C%81" title="阿列省 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿列省" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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</div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Allier&params=46_20_N_3_10_E_region:FR_type:adm2nd"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°20′N</span> <span class="longitude">3°10′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.333°N 3.167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.333; 3.167</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the French department. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Allier_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Allier (disambiguation)">Allier (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Allier</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="oc"><span title="Occitan (post 1500)-language text"><i lang="oc">Alèir</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_France" title="Departments of France">Department</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moulins_(Allier)_H%C3%B4tel_de_pr%C3%A9fecture_003.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Prefecture building in Moulins"><img alt="Prefecture building in Moulins" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Moulins_%28Allier%29_H%C3%B4tel_de_pr%C3%A9fecture_003.jpg/250px-Moulins_%28Allier%29_H%C3%B4tel_de_pr%C3%A9fecture_003.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Moulins_%28Allier%29_H%C3%B4tel_de_pr%C3%A9fecture_003.jpg/500px-Moulins_%28Allier%29_H%C3%B4tel_de_pr%C3%A9fecture_003.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_in_France" title="Prefectures in France">Prefecture</a> building in <a href="/wiki/Moulins,_Allier" title="Moulins, Allier">Moulins</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Drapeau_fr_d%C3%A9partement_Allier.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Allier"><img alt="Unofficial flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Drapeau_fr_d%C3%A9partement_Allier.svg/120px-Drapeau_fr_d%C3%A9partement_Allier.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Drapeau_fr_d%C3%A9partement_Allier.svg/250px-Drapeau_fr_d%C3%A9partement_Allier.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_(Bourbon).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Allier"><img alt="Unofficial shield" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_%28Bourbon%29.svg/120px-Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_%28Bourbon%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="91" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_%28Bourbon%29.svg/250px-Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_%28Bourbon%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Allier-Position.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Allier in France"><img alt="Location of Allier in France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Allier-Position.svg/250px-Allier-Position.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Allier-Position.svg/375px-Allier-Position.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Allier-Position.svg/500px-Allier-Position.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="507" data-file-height="553" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Allier in France</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Allier&params=46_20_N_3_10_E_region:FR_type:adm2nd"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°20′N</span> <span class="longitude">3°10′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.333°N 3.167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">46.333; 3.167</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_France" title="Regions of France">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Auvergne-Rh%C3%B4ne-Alpes" title="Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Prefectures_in_France" title="Prefectures in France">Prefecture</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Moulins,_Allier" title="Moulins, Allier">Moulins</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subprefectures_in_France" title="Subprefectures in France">Subprefectures</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><b></b><a href="/wiki/Montlu%C3%A7on" title="Montluçon">Montluçon</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Vichy" title="Vichy">Vichy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_departmental_councils_(France)" title="List of presidents of departmental councils (France)">President of the Departmental Council</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Claude Riboulet<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Union_of_Democrats_and_Independents" title="Union of Democrats and Independents">UDI</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_area"><a href="#endnote_area">1</a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,340 km<sup>2</sup> (2,830 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-popref2022_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popref2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">334,715</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_departments_by_population" title="List of French departments by population">69th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">46/km<sup>2</sup> (120/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_France" title="Departments of France">Department number</a></th><td class="infobox-data">03</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissements_of_France" title="Arrondissements of France">Arrondissements</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arrondissements_of_the_Allier_department" title="Arrondissements of the Allier department">3</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_France" title="Cantons of France">Cantons</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_the_Allier_department" title="Cantons of the Allier department">19</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_France" title="Communes of France">Communes</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_the_Allier_department" title="Communes of the Allier department">317</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_area"><b><a href="#ref_area">^1</a></b></span> French Land Register data, which excludes <a href="/wiki/Estuary" title="Estuary">estuaries</a>, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km<sup>2</sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Allier</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">AL</span>-ee-ay</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">a(h)l-<span style="font-size:90%">YAY</span></i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[alje]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/8a\/Fr-Paris--Allier.ogg\/Fr-Paris--Allier.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Fr-Paris--Allier.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/Fr-Paris--Allier.ogg/Fr-Paris--Allier.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Fr-Paris--Allier.ogg" title="File:Fr-Paris--Allier.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <a href="/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a>: <i lang="oc">Alèir</i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Departments_of_France" title="Departments of France">department</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Auvergne-Rh%C3%B4ne-Alpes" title="Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</a> <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_France" title="Regions of France">region</a> that borders <a href="/wiki/Cher_(department)" title="Cher (department)">Cher</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%A8vre" title="Nièvre">Nièvre</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Sa%C3%B4ne-et-Loire" title="Saône-et-Loire">Saône-et-Loire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Loire_(department)" title="Loire (department)">Loire</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Puy-de-D%C3%B4me" title="Puy-de-Dôme">Puy-de-Dôme</a> to the south, and <a href="/wiki/Creuse" title="Creuse">Creuse</a> to the south-west. Named after the river <a href="/wiki/Allier_(river)" title="Allier (river)">Allier</a>, it had a population of 334,872 in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-pop2021_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop2021-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Moulins,_Allier" title="Moulins, Allier">Moulins</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_in_France" title="Prefectures in France">prefecture</a>; <a href="/wiki/Montlu%C3%A7on" title="Montluçon">Montluçon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vichy" title="Vichy">Vichy</a> are the <a href="/wiki/Subprefectures_in_France" title="Subprefectures in France">subprefectures</a>. Its <a href="/wiki/Institut_national_de_la_statistique_et_des_%C3%A9tudes_%C3%A9conomiques_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (France)">INSEE</a> and <a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_France" title="Postal codes in France">post code</a> is 03. </p><p>Before 2018, the inhabitants of the department did not have a demonym. The inhabitants of the department have officially been known in French as <i>Bourbonnais</i> since 2018, a reference to the historic province of <a href="/wiki/Bourbonnais" title="Bourbonnais">Bourbonnais</a>. Until then, the unofficial term <i>Elavérins</i> had been used.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Billy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Billy.jpg/250px-Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Billy.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Billy.jpg/500px-Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Billy.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="472" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Billy" title="Château de Billy">Château de Billy</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Allier department is composed of almost all of the former <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Bourbonnais" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Bourbonnais">Duchy of Bourbonnais</a>. It is part of the <a href="/wiki/Auvergne-Rh%C3%B4ne-Alpes" title="Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</a> and it was part of the historical, cultural and administrative region of <a href="/wiki/Auvergne_(administrative_region)" title="Auvergne (administrative region)">Auvergne</a> until 2016. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principal_communes">Principal communes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Principal communes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most populous commune is <a href="/wiki/Montlu%C3%A7on" title="Montluçon">Montluçon</a>; the prefecture <a href="/wiki/Moulins,_Allier" title="Moulins, Allier">Moulins</a> is the third-most populous. As of 2021, there are 5 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:<sup id="cite_ref-pop2021_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop2021-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Commune </th> <th>Population (2021) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Montlu%C3%A7on" title="Montluçon">Montluçon</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">33,342 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vichy" title="Vichy">Vichy</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">25,789 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moulins,_Allier" title="Moulins, Allier">Moulins</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">19,343 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cusset" title="Cusset">Cusset</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">12,909 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yzeure" title="Yzeure">Yzeure</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center;">12,598 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The department also includes the spa towns <a href="/wiki/Bourbon-l%27Archambault" title="Bourbon-l'Archambault">Bourbon-l'Archambault</a>, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9ris-les-Bains" title="Néris-les-Bains">Néris-les-Bains</a> and Vichy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relief">Relief</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Relief"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bourbonnais <a href="/wiki/Bocage" title="Bocage">bocage</a> covers most of the western and central parts of the department (including the <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Tron%C3%A7ais" title="Forest of Tronçais">Forest of Tronçais</a>), followed by the Bourbonnais <i>Sologne</i> in the east north-east, the Bourbonnais Mountain (near Vichy) which is the highest point of Bourbonnais together with Montoncel (peaking at 1,287 metres), and finally in the south of the department, the Bourbonnais <i>Limagne</i>, which extends from Varennes to Gannat, and is the breadbasket of the department. </p> <dl><dt>The Bourbonnais Bocage</dt></dl> <p>To the north and just over 500 metres above sea level, the Bourbonnais Bocage occupies one-third of the department, with two parts: the centre and the west (for the part between the Val de Cher and western boundaries of the territory). The bocage is especially remarkable for its rich forests and woodlands including the <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Tron%C3%A7ais" title="Forest of Tronçais">Forest of Tronçais</a> but also the forests of Moladier Bagnolet, Civrais, Soulongis, Grosbois, Dreuille, Lespinasse and Suave. </p><p>Almost all of the southern area consists of Combrailles which is sometimes called High Bourbonnais, in an area that goes beyond the departmental boundaries of Creuse and Puy-de-Dôme. This area of the department rises to 778 metres at Bosse. The rivers <a href="/wiki/Sioule" title="Sioule">Sioule</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bouble" title="Bouble">Bouble</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cher_(river)" title="Cher (river)">Cher</a> have carved the most picturesque gorges in Allier. </p> <dl><dt>The Bourbonnais Sologne</dt></dl> <p>To the east, between the Val d'Allier and the borders of Nièvre and Saône-et-Loire, the Bourbonnais Sologne has a nice balance between pastures, crops, woods and ponds: the balance between agriculture and semi-wilderness constituting a very favorable setting for fauna and flora. </p> <dl><dt>The Bourbonnais Mountains</dt></dl> <p>In its southern extension, the Bourbonnais Mountain rises from the Puy Saint-Ambroise (442 metres) near <a href="/wiki/Saint-L%C3%A9on,_Allier" title="Saint-Léon, Allier">Saint-Léon</a> and then extends to the massif of Assise and the Black Woods at the edge of <a href="/wiki/Puy-de-D%C3%B4me" title="Puy-de-Dôme">Puy-de-Dôme</a> and <a href="/wiki/Loire_(department)" title="Loire (department)">Loire</a> which is marked by the Puy de Montoncel (1,287 metres) – the highest point in Allier. </p> <dl><dt>The Bourbonnais Limagne</dt></dl> <p>Commonly grouped under the name of <i>Val d'Allier</i>, the <a href="/wiki/Limagne" title="Limagne">Limagne</a> and Forterre extend on both sides of the river between <a href="/wiki/Vichy" title="Vichy">Vichy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saint-Pour%C3%A7ain-sur-Sioule" title="Saint-Pourçain-sur-Sioule">Saint-Pourçain-sur-Sioule</a> with an essential quality of fertility. Limogne, together with Sioule and Allier, is part of the Gannat / Escurolles / Saint-Pourçain triangle while Forterre covers the Canton of <a href="/wiki/Varennes-sur-Allier" title="Varennes-sur-Allier">Varennes-sur-Allier</a> ending near Jaligny. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrography">Hydrography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hydrography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Watercourses</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>to the west: the <a href="/wiki/Cher_(river)" title="Cher (river)">Cher</a></li> <li>in the centre: the <a href="/wiki/Allier_(river)" title="Allier (river)">Allier</a> and its tributary the <a href="/wiki/Sioule" title="Sioule">Sioule</a></li> <li>to the east the <a href="/wiki/Loire" title="Loire">Loire</a> and its tributary the <a href="/wiki/Besbre" title="Besbre">Besbre</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A transition zone in the middle of the country, Allier is actually a free zone between north and south. The department is wide open to Atlantic influences and enjoys a mild and humid climate dominated by westerly winds which helps a little to differentiate it from other parts of Auvergne. The weather variances coincide with the diversity of Bourbonnais territory such as: flat regions, low altitude Bourbonnais Sologne and large floodplains, the hill country, the average altitude of 300 to 600 metres, the central part of the department, and the semi-mountainous southern townships bordering the Combraille and Forez between 700 and 1,200 metres. </p><p>There are two periods of maximum precipitation in June and October and a minimum in January and February with average of 694 millimetres in <a href="/wiki/Montlu%C3%A7on" title="Montluçon">Montluçon</a> (altitude 207 metres), 763 mm in <a href="/wiki/Moulins,_Allier" title="Moulins, Allier">Moulins</a> (245 m), 778 mm in <a href="/wiki/Vichy" title="Vichy">Vichy</a> (251 m), 791 mm in <a href="/wiki/Lapalisse" title="Lapalisse">Lapalisse</a> (285 m) and nearly 1,200 mm in Assisi (1,050 m). As noted Atlantic winds are dominant from the west, northwest, or southwest. The influence of topography, especially in the valleys of Cher and Allier, also contributes to the south and north variance. </p> <table class="wikitable centre" style="text-align:right"> <caption class="hidden">Comparison of local Meteorological data with other cities in France<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="background:#ddffdd">Town </th> <th scope="col" width="100" style="background-color:#ddffdd">Sunshine<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Weather-clear.svg/20px-Weather-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Weather-clear.svg/40px-Weather-clear.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span><br />(hours/yr) </th> <th scope="col" width="100" style="background:#ddffdd">Rain<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Weather-overcast-rare-showers.svg/20px-Weather-overcast-rare-showers.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Weather-overcast-rare-showers.svg/40px-Weather-overcast-rare-showers.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span><br />(mm/yr)</th> <th scope="col" width="100" style="background:#ddffdd">Snow<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Weather-snow.svg/20px-Weather-snow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Weather-snow.svg/30px-Weather-snow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Weather-snow.svg/40px-Weather-snow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span><br /> (days/yr)</th> <th scope="col" width="100" style="background:#ddffdd">Storm<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Weather-violent-storm.svg/20px-Weather-violent-storm.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Weather-violent-storm.svg/40px-Weather-violent-storm.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span><br />(days/yr)</th> <th scope="col" width="100" style="background:#ddffdd">Fog<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Weather-day-more-fog.svg/20px-Weather-day-more-fog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Weather-day-more-fog.svg/40px-Weather-day-more-fog.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> <br />(days/yr) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">National average </th> <td>1,973</td> <td>770</td> <td>14</td> <td>22</td> <td>40 </td></tr> <tr style="background: #D1E8FF"> <th scope="row" style="background:#D1E8FF"><b>Vichy<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></b> </th> <td><b>1,862</b></td> <td><b>780</b></td> <td><b>18</b></td> <td><b>26</b></td> <td><b>35</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> </th> <td>1,661</td> <td>637</td> <td>12</td> <td>18</td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a> </th> <td>2,724</td> <td>767</td> <td>1</td> <td>29</td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a> </th> <td>1,693</td> <td>665</td> <td>29</td> <td>29</td> <td>56 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Brest,_France" title="Brest, France">Brest</a> </th> <td>1,605</td> <td>1,211</td> <td>7</td> <td>12</td> <td>75 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Vichy </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(60.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.4<br />(79.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(39.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.4<br />(63.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9<br />(67.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1<br />(39.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A1; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">11.3<br />(52.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4<br />(31.3) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9<br />(35.4) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(46.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9<br />(55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.8<br />(1.84) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.8<br />(1.57) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.2<br />(1.74) </td> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.3<br />(2.73) </td> <td style="background: #6C6CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">98.2<br />(3.87) </td> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.2<br />(3.08) </td> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.6<br />(2.82) </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.2<br />(2.92) </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.4<br />(2.97) </td> <td style="background: #9999FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.0<br />(2.68) </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.3<br />(2.49) </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.5<br />(1.99) </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">779.5<br />(30.69) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #6F6FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6 </td> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6 </td> <td style="background: #9595FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">109.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #8E8E8E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">78 </td> <td style="background: #AFAF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95 </td> <td style="background: #C5C502; color:#000000;" class="notheme">154 </td> <td style="background: #D2D200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">175 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">203 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">225 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">249 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">238 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">184 </td> <td style="background: #B9B94A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">128 </td> <td style="background: #919191; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #666666; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #C7C700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,862 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lameteo.org/index.php/climatologie/1665-normales-climatiques-1981-2010-vichy">Meteorological data for Vichy – 249 m altitude, from 1981 to 2010</a> January 2015 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The history of Allier corresponds to the Duchy of Bourbon (<a href="/wiki/Bourbonnais" title="Bourbonnais">Bourbonnais</a>) with which it shares almost the entire territory. </p><p>Allier is one of the original 83 departments created during the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a> on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_France" title="Provinces of France">provinces</a> of <a href="/wiki/Auvergne_(province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Auvergne (province)">Auvergne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bourbonnais" title="Bourbonnais">Bourbonnais</a>. </p><p>In 1940, the <a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">government</a> of Marshal <a href="/wiki/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" title="Philippe Pétain">Philippe Pétain</a> chose the town of <a href="/wiki/Vichy" title="Vichy">Vichy</a> as its capital. Vichy also became the department's second <a href="/wiki/Subprefectures_in_France" title="Subprefectures in France">sub-prefecture</a> in 1940, since the department now found itself split by the <a href="/wiki/Demarcation_line_(France)" title="Demarcation line (France)">demarcation line</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Zone_occup%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Zone occupée">occupied</a> and (relatively, at least initially) free zones of <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_France_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="German occupation of France during World War II">France</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heraldry">Heraldry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Heraldry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;padding:5px 8px;width:120px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_(Bourbon).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arms of Allier"><img alt="Arms of Allier" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_%28Bourbon%29.svg/120px-Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_%28Bourbon%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_%28Bourbon%29.svg/250px-Blason_comte_fr_Clermont_%28Bourbon%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></a><figcaption>Arms of Allier</figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;">The arms of Allier are also those of the former province of <a href="/wiki/Bourbonnais" title="Bourbonnais">Bourbonnais</a> and are the arms of the third house of Bourbon of <a href="/wiki/Robert,_Count_of_Clermont" title="Robert, Count of Clermont">Robert de Clermont</a>, sixth son of <a href="/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France">Saint Louis</a>, who married <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_of_Burgundy,_Lady_of_Bourbon" title="Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon">Beatrice of Bourbon</a> and was recognized as Sire of Bourbon in 1283. <p><b>Blazon:</b><br /> <i>Azure, Semé-de-lis of Or with a bend of Gules.</i> </p><p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demography">Demography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Allier.jpg/500px-Allier.jpg" decoding="async" width="425" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Allier.jpg/638px-Allier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/Allier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="782" data-file-height="576" /></a><figcaption>Map of Allier</figcaption></figure> <p>On 1 January 2017 the population of Allier was estimated at 337,988 inhabitants which represented an average density of 46 people/km<sup>2</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-pophist_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pophist-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many areas have a density less than 20 people/km<sup>2</sup>. Because of its low population density, it is considered to fall within the <a href="/wiki/Empty_diagonal" title="Empty diagonal">empty diagonal</a>. </p><p>Since the early 1980s Allier has faced many demographic handicaps. The ratio of older people is important and with low fertility rates the natural growth is negative. Net migration was negative between 1968 and 1999, and slightly positive between 1999 and 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-pophist_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pophist-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allier has three major cities: <a href="/wiki/Montlu%C3%A7on" title="Montluçon">Montluçon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vichy" title="Vichy">Vichy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Moulins,_Allier" title="Moulins, Allier">Moulins</a> by size. The rest of the department includes some small towns and villages, scattered mainly along the rivers. The few villages are far from one another, and it is generally a sparsely-populated department. Until the end of the 19th century, however, the population was increasing because the development of its cities (industries at Montluçon and Moulins, spas in Vichy) compensated by the rural exodus. The department then passed 420,000 inhabitants. After losses of the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, the population stabilized and grew a little again in the 1960s. Since then, the continuing rural exodus and especially the decline of old industries has made the population decrease and age steadily, from 386,533 inhabitants in 1968 to 337,988 in 2017. </p><p>The population of the department is approximately equal of the country of <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:30em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr valign="top"><td style="padding:0 0.5em"><table style="border-spacing:0;width:15em"><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1791 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">267,126</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1801 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">248,864</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.71%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1806 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">260,046</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.88%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1821 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">280,025</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.49%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1831 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">298,257</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+0.63%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1836 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">309,270</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.73%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1841 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">311,361</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.13%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1846 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">329,540</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.14%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1851 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">336,758</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.43%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1856 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">352,241</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+0.90%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1861 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">356,432</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.24%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1866 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">376,164</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.08%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1872 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">390,812</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.64%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1876 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">405,783</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.94%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1881 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">416,759</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+0.54%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1886 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">424,582</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.37%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1891 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">424,382</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.01%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1896 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">424,378</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.00%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1901 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">422,024</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.11%</td></tr></tbody></table></td><td style="padding:0 0.5em;border-left:solid 1px #aaa"><table style="border-spacing:0;width:15em"><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1906 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">417,961</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.19%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1911 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">406,291</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.56%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">370,950</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.91%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1926 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">370,562</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.02%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">373,924</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.18%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1936 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">368,778</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.28%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1946 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">373,481</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.13%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1954 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">372,689</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.03%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1962 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">380,221</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.25%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1968 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">386,533</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.27%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1975 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">378,406</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.30%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1982 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">369,580</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.34%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1990 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">357,710</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.41%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1999 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">344,615</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.41%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2007 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">343,114</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.05%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2012 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">342,911</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.01%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2017 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">337,988</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.29%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2019 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">333,065</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.73%</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000)"><div class="center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on <a class="external text" href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/tag/charts/">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Chart" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Chart">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: SPLAF<sup id="cite_ref-splaf_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-splaf-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and INSEE<sup id="cite_ref-pophist_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pophist-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics_and_administration">Politics and administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Politics and administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prefecture">Prefecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Prefecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Valérie Hatsch is prefect of Allier since 28 March 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jean-Luc Marx, the prefect of <a href="/wiki/Lot_(department)" title="Lot (department)">Lot</a>, was named the prefect of Allier on 1 June 2011, replacing Pierre Monzani who was appointed Prefect of <a href="/wiki/Seine-et-Marne" title="Seine-et-Marne">Seine-et-Marne</a> on 25 May 2011. </p><p>Monzani had been prefect of Allier since 14 January 2009. Born on 12 May 1958 in <a href="/wiki/Villerupt" title="Villerupt">Villerupt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Meurthe-et-Moselle" title="Meurthe-et-Moselle">Meurthe-et-Moselle</a>), he holds a civil service <i>agrégation</i> in history and a <i>DEA</i> in history and civilization. A former student of the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Normale_Sup%C3%A9rieure" class="mw-redirect" title="École Normale Supérieure">École Normale Supérieure</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saint-Cloud" title="Saint-Cloud">Saint-Cloud</a>) and of <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27administration" title="École nationale d'administration">École nationale d'administration</a> (ENA), since August 2006 he has been director of INHES (National Institute of Advanced Security Studies).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Two_senators">Two senators</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Two senators"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After 2020 Senate elections, the two senators of Allier are Bruno Rojouan and <a href="/wiki/Claude_Malhuret" title="Claude Malhuret">Claude Malhuret</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Senate elections in 2008 the left took one of the two Senate seats in Allier formerly held by the right. Mireille Schurch, <a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">PCF</a> Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Lignerolles,_Allier" title="Lignerolles, Allier">Lignerolles</a>, was elected: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_D%C3%A9riot" title="Gérard Dériot">Gérard Dériot</a> <a href="/wiki/Miscellaneous_right" title="Miscellaneous right">DVD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mireille_Schurch" title="Mireille Schurch">Mireille Schurch</a> <a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">PCF</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Representatives_in_the_National_Assembly">Representatives in the National Assembly</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Representatives in the National Assembly"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The elections of 2007 returned three Socialists (<a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lesterlin" title="Bernard Lesterlin">Bernard Lesterlin</a> for Montluçon, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Mallot" title="Jean Mallot">Jean Mallot</a> for Saint-Pourçain, and <a href="/wiki/Guy_Chambefort" title="Guy Chambefort">Guy Chambefort</a> for Moulins) and one PRG (<a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Charasse" title="Gérard Charasse">Gérard Charasse</a> for Vichy). </p><p>The current representatives are: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Constituency</th> <th>Member<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Party </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color: #E4002A"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Allier%27s_1st_constituency" title="Allier's 1st constituency">Allier's 1st constituency</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yannick_Monnet" title="Yannick Monnet">Yannick Monnet</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">French Communist Party</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color: #254671"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Allier%27s_2nd_constituency" title="Allier's 2nd constituency">Allier's 2nd constituency</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jorys_Bovet" title="Jorys Bovet">Jorys Bovet</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Rally" title="National Rally">National Rally</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color: #0043B0"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Allier%27s_3rd_constituency" title="Allier's 3rd constituency">Allier's 3rd constituency</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Ray" title="Nicolas Ray">Nicolas Ray</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Republicans_(France)" title="The Republicans (France)">The Republicans</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Departmental_Council">Departmental Council</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Departmental Council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Departmental_Council_of_Allier" title="Departmental Council of Allier">Departmental Council of Allier</a></div> <p>The current president of the Departmental Council is Claude Riboulet, elected in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/2021_French_departmental_elections" title="2021 French departmental elections">2021 departmental election</a>, the Departmental Council of Allier was elected as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party</th> <th>Seats </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #ADC1FD"> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Miscellaneous_right" title="Miscellaneous right">Miscellaneous right</a></td> <td align="right">20 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #E3265B"> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(France)" title="Socialist Party (France)">Socialist Party</a></td> <td align="right">6 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #82A2C6"> </th> <td>Centre-right</td> <td align="right">4 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #E4002A"> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">French Communist Party</a></td> <td align="right">2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #b9daff"> </th> <td>Right</td> <td align="right">2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #0043B0"> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Republicans_(France)" title="The Republicans (France)">The Republicans</a></td> <td align="right">2 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #F0C200"> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Left_Radical_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Left Radical Party">Left Radical Party</a></td> <td align="right">2 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>In the local elections of March 2008, Allier department was won by a majority of the left. The URB (Republican Union for Bourbonnais, right) had headed the department between 2001 and 2008, with the last year with only one vote majority. From 2008 the left coalition was in control also with a majority of one vote (10 PC, 6 PS, 2 PRG, 18 seats in total), facing 17 councilors from the URB. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_of_the_left_in_Allier">History of the left in Allier</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: History of the left in Allier"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The department was distinguished by communist votes in early voting which continued until after the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> with the two major political parties of the left being the <a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">PCF</a> and the <a href="/wiki/SFIO" class="mw-redirect" title="SFIO">SFIO</a> which have now become the Socialist Party. </p><p>The small town of <a href="/wiki/Commentry" title="Commentry">Commentry</a> has the distinction of being the first town in France<sup id="cite_ref-Agnès_Roche_p._111_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agnès_Roche_p._111-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to elect a socialist mayor in 1882: <a href="/wiki/Christophe_Thivrier" title="Christophe Thivrier">Christophe Thivrier</a>. Another local figure, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Brizon" title="Pierre Brizon">Pierre Brizon</a>, an MP in 1910, was typically a member for sharecroppers.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Earlier, Ledru-Rollin achieved a very good result in 1848 (14%) with Democratic and socialist candidates in the following year (44% of the vote, against 35% for all of France).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, resistance to the coup of 2 December 1851 was important after an attempt to support the uprising in June 1849.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Republicans were in the majority in 1876 and held all six parliamentary seats.<sup id="cite_ref-Agnès_Roche_p._111_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agnès_Roche_p._111-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After neighbouring results of 15% of enrolled voters from 1893 to 1906 the Socialists rose to 31% of enrolled votes (42% of those cast) in 1910 and maintained this in 1914<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allier remains a land of rural communism (still 14.66% in the 2004 regional elections – the second best result for the party after <a href="/wiki/Somme_(department)" title="Somme (department)">Somme</a>) in a sometimes difficult cohabitation with the Socialist Party. </p><p>For the causes of their success it may be noted that historically Allier has been a department where vast properties were combined into <a href="/wiki/Sharecropping" title="Sharecropping">sharecropping</a>. Sharecropping only spread in the 15th century<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was not disturbed by the sale of national assets to the Revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-Roche106_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roche106-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 19th century large properties (100 hectares or more) occupied about half of the land, and even more than 70% in the north of the department. In the south, small properties dominate.<sup id="cite_ref-Roche106_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roche106-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sharecropping continued as a form of land development and it involved 40% of the land in 1892 (only 7% overall for France).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Adverse conditions made sharecroppers promote the creation of rural unions between 1904 and 1911 (the third greatest number per department in France after <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9rault" title="Hérault">Hérault</a> and <a href="/wiki/Landes_(department)" title="Landes (department)">Landes</a>). Despite poor results the mobilization was important and promoted the election of left-wing candidates.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_senators_of_Allier" title="List of senators of Allier">List of senators of Allier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_the_Allier_department" title="Communes of the Allier department">Communes of the Allier department</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The industries most represented are the food industry, wood and furniture, chemical, foundries and metalworking, rubber, machinery and electrical equipment, automotive, weaponry, textiles, building, and the spas. </p><p>According to studies by <a href="/wiki/INSEE" class="mw-redirect" title="INSEE">INSEE</a> agriculture would be about 7 to 8% of departmental gross domestic product. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marked by the imprint of the <a href="/wiki/Dukes_of_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Dukes of Bourbon">Dukes of Bourbon</a>, Allier is a land of rivers, bocage, and small mountains. Landscapes such as Bourbonnais bocage, the gorges of the <a href="/wiki/Sioule" title="Sioule">Sioule</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Tron%C3%A7ais" title="Forest of Tronçais">Forest of Tronçais</a> are places suitable for the practice of outdoor activities: <a href="/wiki/Hiking" title="Hiking">hiking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">fishing</a>, and white water sports. Hydrotherapy is one of the leading sectors of Bourbonnais tourism with the international spa at Vichy. </p><p>This nature preserve also features over 500 castles, <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> churches and a number of houses which represent the heritage of the <a href="/wiki/Bourbons" class="mw-redirect" title="Bourbons">Bourbons</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Bourbon cuisine reflects the history of the province and provides a number of local products, including <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9_aux_pommes_de_terre" title="Pâté aux pommes de terre">Pâté aux pommes de terre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charolais_cattle" title="Charolais cattle">Charolais</a> beef, wines from <a href="/wiki/Saint-Pour%C3%A7ain_AOC" title="Saint-Pourçain AOC">Saint-Pourçain AOC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charroux,_Allier" title="Charroux, Allier">Charroux</a> mustard, and <a href="/wiki/Vichy_pastilles" class="mw-redirect" title="Vichy pastilles">Vichy pastilles</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Among the tourist sites to visit are: </p> <dl><dt>Monuments</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_La_Palice" title="Château de La Palice">Château de La Palice</a> and its Renaissance chambered ceilings,</li> <li>the <i>Bourbon-l'Archambault Castle</i>, "Cradle of the Bourbons"</li></ul> <dl><dt>Churches and abbeys</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moulins_Cathedral" title="Moulins Cathedral">Moulins Cathedral</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Triptych" title="Triptych">triptych</a> of the Virgin in glory</li> <li>the <i>Priory Church of Saint Peter</i> at <a href="/wiki/Souvigny" title="Souvigny">Souvigny</a>, more commonly called the "Saint-Denis" of the Bourbons</li> <li>the Abbey of Saint Vincent de Chantelle</li></ul> <dl><dt>Museums</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>The <i>National Centre of Stage Costume</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_Mantin" title="Maison Mantin">Maison Mantin</a> in Moulins</li></ul> <dl><dt>Activities</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Pal" title="Le Pal">Le Pal</a></i>, an amusement and animal park in <a href="/wiki/Dompierre-sur-Besbre" title="Dompierre-sur-Besbre">Dompierre-sur-Besbre</a></li> <li><i>Paleopolis</i> in <a href="/wiki/Gannat" title="Gannat">Gannat</a>, a site designed to understand life sciences and the earth through <a href="/wiki/Paleontology" title="Paleontology">paleontology</a></li> <li>Three cities stand out:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulins,_Allier" title="Moulins, Allier">Moulins</a> for its historical heritage from the 15th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montlu%C3%A7on" title="Montluçon">Montluçon</a>, a medieval and festive city dominated by its castle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vichy" title="Vichy">Vichy</a>, an important spa town.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moulins_-_Perspective3.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Moulins"><img alt="Moulins" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Moulins_-_Perspective3.JPG/200px-Moulins_-_Perspective3.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Moulins_-_Perspective3.JPG/300px-Moulins_-_Perspective3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Moulins_-_Perspective3.JPG/400px-Moulins_-_Perspective3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Moulins,_Allier" title="Moulins, Allier">Moulins</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:11._H%C3%A9risson_(Allier).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Hérisson"><img alt="Hérisson" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/11._H%C3%A9risson_%28Allier%29.JPG/200px-11._H%C3%A9risson_%28Allier%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/11._H%C3%A9risson_%28Allier%29.JPG/300px-11._H%C3%A9risson_%28Allier%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/11._H%C3%A9risson_%28Allier%29.JPG/400px-11._H%C3%A9risson_%28Allier%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9risson" title="Hérisson">Hérisson</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chateau_de_Bourbon_l%27Archambault_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bourbon-l'Archambault"><img alt="Bourbon-l'Archambault" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Chateau_de_Bourbon_l%27Archambault_01.jpg/200px-Chateau_de_Bourbon_l%27Archambault_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Chateau_de_Bourbon_l%27Archambault_01.jpg/300px-Chateau_de_Bourbon_l%27Archambault_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Chateau_de_Bourbon_l%27Archambault_01.jpg/400px-Chateau_de_Bourbon_l%27Archambault_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bourbon-l%27Archambault" title="Bourbon-l'Archambault">Bourbon-l'Archambault</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Festival_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val_Montlu%C3%A7on_179.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Medieval fair in Montluçon"><img alt="Medieval fair in Montluçon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Festival_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val_Montlu%C3%A7on_179.JPG/200px-Festival_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val_Montlu%C3%A7on_179.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Festival_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val_Montlu%C3%A7on_179.JPG/300px-Festival_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val_Montlu%C3%A7on_179.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Festival_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val_Montlu%C3%A7on_179.JPG/400px-Festival_m%C3%A9di%C3%A9val_Montlu%C3%A7on_179.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Medieval fair in <a href="/wiki/Montlu%C3%A7on" title="Montluçon">Montluçon</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gastronomy_and_viticulture">Gastronomy and viticulture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Gastronomy and viticulture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/French_cuisine" title="French cuisine">French cuisine</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_wine" title="French wine">French wine</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9_aux_pommes_de_terre" title="Pâté aux pommes de terre">pâté aux pommes de terre</a> is one of the specialities of the Allier, as well as of the neighboring Limousin region. The river <a href="/wiki/Allier_(river)" title="Allier (river)">Allier</a> is one of the rare places in Southern Europe where the freshwater <a href="/wiki/Thymallus_thymallus" title="Thymallus thymallus">grayling</a> (<i>Thymallus thymallus</i>), known in French as <i>ombre des rivières</i>, occurs in a natural habitat.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This fish is much valued in French gastronomy for its fine and delicate texture and is best eaten along with a light wine.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Pompe_aux_grattons" class="mw-redirect" title="Pompe aux grattons">Pompe aux grattons</a></i> or <i>brioche aux griaudes</i>, a kind of <a href="/wiki/Brioche" title="Brioche">brioche</a>-like bread with <a href="/wiki/Cracklings" title="Cracklings">cracklings</a>, is a specialty of the Bourbonnais.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Saint-Pour%C3%A7ain_AOC" title="Saint-Pourçain AOC">Saint-Pourçain AOC</a> wine is produced in Allier and the <a href="/wiki/Oak_(wine)" title="Oak (wine)">oak</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Forest_of_Tron%C3%A7ais" title="Forest of Tronçais">forest of Tronçais</a> is one of the most favoured in the construction of <a href="/wiki/Oak_(wine)#Wine_barrel" title="Oak (wine)">wine barrels</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_homes">Second homes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Second homes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2020 the quantity of dwellings in the department which were second homes was 7.2%.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The table below shows the main communes of Allier with second homes and which exceed 10% of total housing. </p><p>The department has attracted many foreigners, English, Belgian, Swiss, and Dutch, and they have acquired many second homes. Therefore many communes have become "European", such as <a href="/wiki/Pouzy-M%C3%A9sangy" title="Pouzy-Mésangy">Pouzy-Mésangy</a>, which today has many English and Swiss residents. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Communes with population over 1,000 and more than 10% of second homes in 2019<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Town </th> <th scope="col">Municipal population </th> <th scope="col">Percentage of<br />secondary homes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9ris-les-Bains" title="Néris-les-Bains">Néris-les-Bains</a> </td> <td>2,570 </td> <td>30.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9rilly,_Allier" title="Cérilly, Allier">Cérilly</a> </td> <td>1,305 </td> <td>16.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%89breuil" title="Ébreuil">Ébreuil</a> </td> <td>1,270 </td> <td>14.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bourbon-l%27Archambault" title="Bourbon-l'Archambault">Bourbon-l'Archambault</a> </td> <td>2,572 </td> <td>13.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Buxi%C3%A8res-les-Mines" title="Buxières-les-Mines">Buxières-les-Mines</a> </td> <td>1,026 </td> <td>13.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Le_Mayet-de-Montagne" title="Le Mayet-de-Montagne">Le Mayet-de-Montagne</a> </td> <td>1,384 </td> <td>10.0% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sister_Regions">Sister Regions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Sister Regions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Conseil Départemental of Allier co-operates with the following foreign administrative units:<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali"><img alt="Mali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/60px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Niafunk%C3%A9" title="Niafunké">Niafunké</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a>) since 1988.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco"><img alt="Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Khemisset" title="Khemisset">Khemisset</a> (<a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>) since 2009.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia"><img alt="Mongolia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96v%C3%B6rkhangai_Province" title="Övörkhangai Province">Övörkhangai</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a>) since 2000.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cluj_County" title="Cluj County">Cluj</a> (<a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>) since 2002.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal"><img alt="Senegal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/M%27bour_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="M'bour Department">M'bour Department</a> (<a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>) since 2016.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal"><img alt="Senegal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ngu%C3%A9khokh" title="Nguékhokh">Nguékhokh</a> (Senegal) since 2002.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regional_languages">Regional languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Regional languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Allier is traversed by the border between <a href="/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For a long period the people of Allier did not speak standard French but one of the following local languages: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bourbonnais" title="Bourbonnais">Bourbonnais</a>: Dialect <a href="/wiki/Langues_d%27o%C3%AFl" title="Langues d'oïl">oïl</a>, north of a line from <a href="/wiki/Montlu%C3%A7on" title="Montluçon">Montluçon</a> to <a href="/wiki/Saint-Pour%C3%A7ain-sur-Sioule" title="Saint-Pourçain-sur-Sioule">Saint-Pourçain-sur-Sioule</a> to <a href="/wiki/Lapalisse" title="Lapalisse">Lapalisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auvergnat_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Auvergnat dialect">Auvergnat</a>: (a dialect of <a href="/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a>) in the extreme south</li> <li>the area between the two, sometimes called <i>Bourbon d'oc</i> is part of the <i><a href="/wiki/Crescent_(Occitania)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crescent (Occitania)">Occitan Crescent</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an area of mixing of French and Occitan considered by most linguists as Occitan with French pronunciation. Some<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> consider the speech of the Crescent to be a full Occitan dialect and use the term <i>Marchois</i>.</li></ul> <p>Qualifications: </p> <ul><li>Note that in the south-east of the department (notably in Forterre<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Bourbonnais Mountain<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) the influence of Francoprovencal arises.</li> <li>Similarly, in the north-west (and especially in the old part of the Bourbonnais department of <a href="/wiki/Cher_(department)" title="Cher (department)">Cher</a> to <a href="/wiki/Saint-Amand-Montrond" title="Saint-Amand-Montrond">Saint-Amand-Montrond</a>), the Bourbon dialects are close to the <a href="/wiki/Berrichon_dialect" title="Berrichon dialect">Berrichon dialect</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissements_of_the_Allier_department" title="Arrondissements of the Allier department">Arrondissements of the Allier department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_the_Allier_department" title="Cantons of the Allier department">Cantons of the Allier department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communes_of_the_Allier_department" title="Communes of the Allier department">Communes of the Allier department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_intercommunalities_of_the_Allier_department" title="List of intercommunalities of the Allier department">List of intercommunalities of the Allier department</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://balarando.com/randonnee/allier/">La randonnée à Allier</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free 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.id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/601ef073-d986-4582-8e1a-ed14dc857fba">"Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux"</a>. <i>data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises</i> (in French). 4 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=data.gouv.fr%2C+Plateforme+ouverte+des+donn%C3%A9es+publiques+fran%C3%A7aises&rft.atitle=R%C3%A9pertoire+national+des+%C3%A9lus%3A+les+conseillers+d%C3%A9partementaux&rft.date=2022-05-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.data.gouv.fr%2Ffr%2Fdatasets%2Fr%2F601ef073-d986-4582-8e1a-ed14dc857fba&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-popref2022-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-popref2022_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8290669">"Populations de référence 2022"</a> (in French). <a href="/wiki/Institut_national_de_la_statistique_et_des_%C3%A9tudes_%C3%A9conomiques" title="Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques">The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies</a>. 19 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Populations+de+r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence+2022&rft.pub=The+National+Institute+of+Statistics+and+Economic+Studies&rft.date=2024-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insee.fr%2Ffr%2Fstatistiques%2F8290669&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191229005004/https://www.lexico.com/definition/allier">"Allier"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Allier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fallier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Allier">"Allier"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a></i>. Merriam-Webster<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Allier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2FAllier&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pop2021-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pop2021_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pop2021_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/7728806/dep03.pdf">Populations légales 2021: 03 Allier</a>, INSEE (in French)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCooke2018" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Cooke, Virginie (9 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/auvergne-rhone-alpes/allier/habitants-allier-vont-officiellement-s-appeler-bourbonnais-1555084.html">"Les habitants de l'Allier vont officiellement s'appeler les Bourbonnais"</a> (in French). France 3 Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Les+habitants+de+l%27Allier+vont+officiellement+s%27appeler+les+Bourbonnais&rft.pub=France+3+Auvergne-Rh%C3%B4ne-Alpes&rft.date=2018-10-09&rft.aulast=Cooke&rft.aufirst=Virginie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffrance3-regions.francetvinfo.fr%2Fauvergne-rhone-alpes%2Fallier%2Fhabitants-allier-vont-officiellement-s-appeler-bourbonnais-1555084.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMéna2018" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ména, Stéphanie (18 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lamontagne.fr/moulins/allier/2018/10/18/les-habitants-de-l-allier-auront-officiellement-un-nom-ce-jeudi-les-bourbonnais_13002333.html">"Les habitants de l'Allier auront officiellement un nouveau nom ce jeudi : les Bourbonnais !"</a>. <i>La Montagne</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Montagne&rft.atitle=Les+habitants+de+l%27Allier+auront+officiellement+un+nouveau+nom+ce+jeudi+%3A+les+Bourbonnais+%21&rft.date=2018-10-18&rft.aulast=M%C3%A9na&rft.aufirst=St%C3%A9phanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lamontagne.fr%2Fmoulins%2Fallier%2F2018%2F10%2F18%2Fles-habitants-de-l-allier-auront-officiellement-un-nom-ce-jeudi-les-bourbonnais_13002333.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.habitants.fr/allier-03">"ALLIER"</a>. <i>habitants.fr</i> (in French). SARL Patagos<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=habitants.fr&rft.atitle=ALLIER&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.habitants.fr%2Fallier-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lameteo.org/index.php/climatologie/1549-normales-climatiques-1981-2010-paris">Paris</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lameteo.org/index.php/climatologie/1543-normales-climatiques-1981-2010-nice">Nice</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lameteo.org/index.php/climatologie/1658-normales-climatiques-1981-2010-strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lameteo.org/index.php/climatologie/1586-normales-climatiques-1981-2010-brest">Brest</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lameteo.org/index.php/climatologie/1665-normales-climatiques-1981-2010-vichy">Data from the Station at Vichy</a> from 1981 to 2010 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pophist-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pophist_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pophist_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pophist_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=DEP-03">Population en historique depuis 1968</a>, INSEE</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-splaf-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-splaf_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://splaf.free.fr/03his.html">Historique de l'Allier</a>, SPLAF</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221129185921/https://www.allier.gouv.fr/la-prefete-valerie-hatsch-a3623.html">"La préfète - Valérie HATSCH"</a>. <i>allier.gouv.fr</i> (in French). Prefecture of Allier. 31 March 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allier.gouv.fr/la-prefete-valerie-hatsch-a3623.html">the original</a> on 29 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=allier.gouv.fr&rft.atitle=La+pr%C3%A9f%C3%A8te+-+Val%C3%A9rie+HATSCH&rft.date=2022-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allier.gouv.fr%2Fla-prefete-valerie-hatsch-a3623.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hcfdc.org/trophees/docs/cv/monzani.pdf">"HCFDC Pierre Monzani"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HCFDC+Pierre+Monzani&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hcfdc.org%2Ftrophees%2Fdocs%2Fcv%2Fmonzani.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.interieur.gouv.fr/Archives/Archives-elections/Elections-senatoriales-2020/elecresult__senatoriales-2020/(path)/senatoriales-2020/003/index.html">"Résultats des élections sénatoriales 2020"</a>. <i>interieur.gouv.fr</i> (in French)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=interieur.gouv.fr&rft.atitle=R%C3%A9sultats+des+%C3%A9lections+s%C3%A9natoriales+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.interieur.gouv.fr%2FArchives%2FArchives-elections%2FElections-senatoriales-2020%2Felecresult__senatoriales-2020%2F%28path%29%2Fsenatoriales-2020%2F003%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNationale" class="citation web cs1">Nationale, Assemblée. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/">"Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français"</a>. <i>Assemblée nationale</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Assembl%C3%A9e+nationale&rft.atitle=Assembl%C3%A9e+nationale+~+Les+d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s%2C+le+vote+de+la+loi%2C+le+Parlement+fran%C3%A7ais&rft.aulast=Nationale&rft.aufirst=Assembl%C3%A9e&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.assemblee-nationale.fr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDelacou2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Delacou, Antoine (25 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lamontagne.fr/moulins/politique/allier/2017/09/25/claude-riboulet-succede-a-gerard-deriot-a-la-presidence-du-conseil-departemental-de-l-allier_12564770.html">"Claude Riboulet succède à Gérard Dériot à la présidence du conseil départemental de l'Allier"</a>. <i>Lamontagne.fr</i> (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lamontagne.fr&rft.atitle=Claude+Riboulet+succ%C3%A8de+%C3%A0+G%C3%A9rard+D%C3%A9riot+%C3%A0+la+pr%C3%A9sidence+du+conseil+d%C3%A9partemental+de+l%27Allier&rft.date=2017-09-25&rft.aulast=Delacou&rft.aufirst=Antoine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lamontagne.fr%2Fmoulins%2Fpolitique%2Fallier%2F2017%2F09%2F25%2Fclaude-riboulet-succede-a-gerard-deriot-a-la-presidence-du-conseil-departemental-de-l-allier_12564770.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/auvergne-rhone-alpes/allier/moulins/claude-riboulet-succede-gerard-deriot-tete-du-conseil-departemental-allier-1334537.html">"Claude Riboulet succède à Gérard Dériot à la tête du Conseil départemental de l'Allier"</a>. <i>France 3</i> (in French). 25 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=France+3&rft.atitle=Claude+Riboulet+succ%C3%A8de+%C3%A0+G%C3%A9rard+D%C3%A9riot+%C3%A0+la+t%C3%AAte+du+Conseil+d%C3%A9partemental+de+l%27Allier&rft.date=2017-09-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffrance3-regions.francetvinfo.fr%2Fauvergne-rhone-alpes%2Fallier%2Fmoulins%2Fclaude-riboulet-succede-gerard-deriot-tete-du-conseil-departemental-allier-1334537.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.interieur.gouv.fr/Elections/Les-resultats/Departementales/elecresult__departementales-2021/(path)/departementales-2021/003/index.html">Résultats des élections départementales 2021: Allier (03)</a>, Ministère de l'intérieur</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Agnès_Roche_p._111-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Agnès_Roche_p._111_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Agnès_Roche_p._111_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnès Roche, <i>A favourable breeding-ground</i>, Études rurales 3/2004 (No. 171–172), p. 111 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnès Roche, <i>A favourable breeding-ground</i>, Études rurales 3/2004 (No. 171–172), pp. 108–109 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnès Roche, <i>A favourable breeding-ground</i>, Études rurales 3/2004 (No. 171–172), p. 109 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnès Roche, <i>A favourable breeding-ground</i>, Études rurales 3/2004 (No. 171–172), pp. 109–110 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnès Roche, <i>A favourable breeding-ground</i>, Études rurales 3/2004 (No. 171–172), pp. 111–112 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnès Roche, <i>A favourable breeding-ground</i>, Études rurales 3/2004 (No. 171–172), p. 105 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roche106-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Roche106_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Roche106_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnès Roche, <i>A favourable breeding-ground</i>, Études rurales 3/2004 (No. 171–172), p. 106 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnès Roche, <i>A favourable breeding-ground</i>, Études rurales 3/2004 (No. 171–172), p. 107 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Agnès Roche, <i>A favourable breeding-ground</i>, Études rurales 3/2004 (No. 171–172), pp. 107–108 <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090207210350/http://www.ecrr.org/pdf/3rd_confrence_abstracts/33_redeker_weyand_nusch.pdf">"The grayling zones of rivers and their tributaries"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ecrr.org/pdf/3rd_confrence_abstracts/33_redeker_weyand_nusch.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 7 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+grayling+zones+of+rivers+and+their+tributaries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ecrr.org%2Fpdf%2F3rd_confrence_abstracts%2F33_redeker_weyand_nusch.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121127151025/http://www.cuisine-plus.tv/cid17768/les-accords-vin-poisson.html">"Les accords vin-poisson – Célébration d'un mariage réussi!"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cuisine.tv/cid17768/les-accords-vin-poisson.html">the original</a> on 27 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Les+accords+vin-poisson+%E2%80%93+C%C3%A9l%C3%A9bration+d%27un+mariage+r%C3%A9ussi%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcuisine.tv%2Fcid17768%2Fles-accords-vin-poisson.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">François-Régis Gaudry, <i>Let's Eat France</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1579658768" title="Special:BookSources/1579658768">1579658768</a>, p. 382</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRobinson1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jancis_Robinson" title="Jancis Robinson">Robinson, Jancis</a> (1999). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Companion_to_Wine" title="The Oxford Companion to Wine">The Oxford Companion to Wine</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. 13, 495. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-866236-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-866236-X"><bdi>0-19-866236-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+Wine&rft.pages=13%2C+495&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-19-866236-X&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Jancis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/7632072?geo=DEP-03">Logement en 2020: Catégories et types de logements</a>, <a href="/wiki/INSEE" class="mw-redirect" title="INSEE">INSEE</a> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statistiques-locales.insee.fr/#bbox=229602,5944798,240200,210212&c=indicator&i=pop_legales.popmun&i2=bdcom.pt_log_rsecocc&s=2019&s2=2019&t=A01&t2=A01&view=map1">"Statistiques locales: Part des résidences secondaires, population municipale"</a>. <a href="/wiki/INSEE" class="mw-redirect" title="INSEE">INSEE</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statistiques+locales%3A+Part+des+r%C3%A9sidences+secondaires%2C+population+municipale&rft.pub=INSEE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstatistiques-locales.insee.fr%2F%23bbox%3D229602%2C5944798%2C240200%2C210212%26c%3Dindicator%26i%3Dpop_legales.popmun%26i2%3Dbdcom.pt_log_rsecocc%26s%3D2019%26s2%3D2019%26t%3DA01%26t2%3DA01%26view%3Dmap1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allier.fr/732-les-cooperations.htm">"Les coopérations"</a>. <i>Conseil Départemental de l'Allier</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Conseil+D%C3%A9partemental+de+l%27Allier&rft.atitle=Les+coop%C3%A9rations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allier.fr%2F732-les-cooperations.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAllier" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles de Tourtoulon and Octavien Bringuier (1876), <i>Study on the geographical limits of Occitan and French (with a map)</i>, Paris: Imprimerie Nationale [reprinted 2004, Masseret-Meuzac: Institut d’Estudis Occitans de Lemosin/Lo Chamin de Sent Jaume] <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guylaine Brun-Trigaud (1990), <i>The Crescent:the concept and the word. Contribution to the history of the French dialect of the 19th century (Thesis)</i>, coll. Série dialectologie, Lyon: Centre d’Études Linguistiques Jacques Goudet <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E.g. Nicolas Quint, <i>The marchois speech of Saint-Priest-la-Feuille (Creuse)</i> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marcel Bonin, (1981), <i>The dialect of Langy and of Forterre (region of Varennes-sur-Allier)</i>, Cagnes sur Mer: <i>Cahiers Bourbonnais</i> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Simone Escoffier (1958), <i>The meeting of langue d’oïl, Occitan and francoprovençal between Loire and Allier: phonetic limits and morphologies</i> (Thesis), Mâcon: impr. Protat [éd. identique de la même année: coll. Publications de l’Institut de Linguistique Romane de Lyon-vol. 11, Paris: Les Belles Lettres] <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Allier&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Allier" class="extiw" title="commons:Allier"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Allier</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(In French)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>01 <a href="/wiki/Ain" title="Ain">Ain</a></li> <li>02 <a href="/wiki/Aisne" title="Aisne">Aisne</a></li> <li>03 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Allier</a></li> <li>04 <a href="/wiki/Alpes-de-Haute-Provence" title="Alpes-de-Haute-Provence">Alpes-de-Haute-Provence</a></li> <li>05 <a href="/wiki/Hautes-Alpes" title="Hautes-Alpes">Hautes-Alpes</a></li> <li>06 <a href="/wiki/Alpes-Maritimes" title="Alpes-Maritimes">Alpes-Maritimes</a></li> <li>07 <a href="/wiki/Ard%C3%A8che" title="Ardèche">Ardèche</a></li> <li>08 <a href="/wiki/Ardennes_(department)" title="Ardennes (department)">Ardennes</a></li> <li>09 <a href="/wiki/Ari%C3%A8ge_(department)" title="Ariège (department)">Ariège</a></li> <li>10 <a href="/wiki/Aube" title="Aube">Aube</a></li> <li>11 <a href="/wiki/Aude" title="Aude">Aude</a></li> <li>12 <a href="/wiki/Aveyron" title="Aveyron">Aveyron</a></li> <li>13 <a href="/wiki/Bouches-du-Rh%C3%B4ne" title="Bouches-du-Rhône">Bouches-du-Rhône</a></li> <li>14 <a href="/wiki/Calvados_(department)" title="Calvados (department)">Calvados</a></li> <li>15 <a href="/wiki/Cantal" title="Cantal">Cantal</a></li> <li>16 <a href="/wiki/Charente" title="Charente">Charente</a></li> <li>17 <a href="/wiki/Charente-Maritime" title="Charente-Maritime">Charente-Maritime</a></li> <li>18 <a href="/wiki/Cher_(department)" title="Cher (department)">Cher</a></li> <li>19 <a href="/wiki/Corr%C3%A8ze" title="Corrèze">Corrèze</a></li> <li>2A <a href="/wiki/Corse-du-Sud" title="Corse-du-Sud">Corse-du-Sud</a></li> <li>2B <a href="/wiki/Haute-Corse" title="Haute-Corse">Haute-Corse</a></li> <li>21 <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4te-d%27Or" title="Côte-d'Or">Côte-d'Or</a></li> <li>22 <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4tes-d%27Armor" title="Côtes-d'Armor">Côtes-d'Armor</a></li> <li>23 <a href="/wiki/Creuse" title="Creuse">Creuse</a></li> <li>24 <a href="/wiki/Dordogne" title="Dordogne">Dordogne</a></li> <li>25 <a href="/wiki/Doubs" title="Doubs">Doubs</a></li> <li>26 <a href="/wiki/Dr%C3%B4me" title="Drôme">Drôme</a></li> <li>27 <a href="/wiki/Eure" title="Eure">Eure</a></li> <li>28 <a href="/wiki/Eure-et-Loir" title="Eure-et-Loir">Eure-et-Loir</a></li> <li>29 <a href="/wiki/Finist%C3%A8re" title="Finistère">Finistère</a></li> <li>30 <a href="/wiki/Gard" title="Gard">Gard</a></li> <li>31 <a href="/wiki/Haute-Garonne" title="Haute-Garonne">Haute-Garonne</a></li> <li>32 <a href="/wiki/Gers" title="Gers">Gers</a></li> <li>33 <a href="/wiki/Gironde" title="Gironde">Gironde</a></li> <li>34 <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9rault" title="Hérault">Hérault</a></li> <li>35 <a href="/wiki/Ille-et-Vilaine" title="Ille-et-Vilaine">Ille-et-Vilaine</a></li> <li>36 <a href="/wiki/Indre" title="Indre">Indre</a></li> <li>37 <a href="/wiki/Indre-et-Loire" title="Indre-et-Loire">Indre-et-Loire</a></li> <li>38 <a href="/wiki/Is%C3%A8re" title="Isère">Isère</a></li> <li>39 <a href="/wiki/Jura_(department)" title="Jura (department)">Jura</a></li> <li>40 <a href="/wiki/Landes_(department)" title="Landes (department)">Landes</a></li> <li>41 <a href="/wiki/Loir-et-Cher" title="Loir-et-Cher">Loir-et-Cher</a></li> <li>42 <a href="/wiki/Loire_(department)" title="Loire (department)">Loire</a></li> <li>43 <a href="/wiki/Haute-Loire" title="Haute-Loire">Haute-Loire</a></li> <li>44 <a href="/wiki/Loire-Atlantique" title="Loire-Atlantique">Loire-Atlantique</a></li> <li>45 <a href="/wiki/Loiret" title="Loiret">Loiret</a></li> <li>46 <a href="/wiki/Lot_(department)" title="Lot (department)">Lot</a></li> <li>47 <a href="/wiki/Lot-et-Garonne" title="Lot-et-Garonne">Lot-et-Garonne</a></li> <li>48 <a href="/wiki/Loz%C3%A8re" title="Lozère">Lozère</a></li> <li>49 <a href="/wiki/Maine-et-Loire" title="Maine-et-Loire">Maine-et-Loire</a></li> <li>50 <a href="/wiki/Manche" title="Manche">Manche</a></li> <li>51 <a href="/wiki/Marne_(department)" title="Marne (department)">Marne</a></li> <li>52 <a href="/wiki/Haute-Marne" title="Haute-Marne">Haute-Marne</a></li> <li>53 <a href="/wiki/Mayenne" title="Mayenne">Mayenne</a></li> <li>54 <a href="/wiki/Meurthe-et-Moselle" title="Meurthe-et-Moselle">Meurthe-et-Moselle</a></li> <li>55 <a href="/wiki/Meuse_(department)" title="Meuse (department)">Meuse</a></li> <li>56 <a href="/wiki/Morbihan" title="Morbihan">Morbihan</a></li> <li>57 <a href="/wiki/Moselle_(department)" title="Moselle (department)">Moselle</a></li> <li>58 <a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%A8vre" title="Nièvre">Nièvre</a></li> <li>59 <a href="/wiki/Nord_(French_department)" title="Nord (French department)">Nord</a></li> <li>60 <a href="/wiki/Oise" title="Oise">Oise</a></li> <li>61 <a href="/wiki/Orne" title="Orne">Orne</a></li> <li>62 <a href="/wiki/Pas-de-Calais" title="Pas-de-Calais">Pas-de-Calais</a></li> <li>63 <a href="/wiki/Puy-de-D%C3%B4me" title="Puy-de-Dôme">Puy-de-Dôme</a></li> <li>64 <a href="/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Atlantiques" title="Pyrénées-Atlantiques">Pyrénées-Atlantiques</a></li> <li>65 <a href="/wiki/Hautes-Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es" title="Hautes-Pyrénées">Hautes-Pyrénées</a></li> <li>66 <a href="/wiki/Pyr%C3%A9n%C3%A9es-Orientales" title="Pyrénées-Orientales">Pyrénées-Orientales</a></li> <li>67 <a href="/wiki/Bas-Rhin" title="Bas-Rhin">Bas-Rhin</a></li> <li>68 <a href="/wiki/Haut-Rhin" title="Haut-Rhin">Haut-Rhin</a></li> <li>69D <a href="/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne_(department)" title="Rhône (department)">Rhône</a></li> <li>70 <a href="/wiki/Haute-Sa%C3%B4ne" title="Haute-Saône">Haute-Saône</a></li> <li>71 <a href="/wiki/Sa%C3%B4ne-et-Loire" title="Saône-et-Loire">Saône-et-Loire</a></li> <li>72 <a href="/wiki/Sarthe" title="Sarthe">Sarthe</a></li> <li>73 <a href="/wiki/Savoie" title="Savoie">Savoie</a></li> <li>74 <a href="/wiki/Haute-Savoie" title="Haute-Savoie">Haute-Savoie</a></li> <li>76 <a href="/wiki/Seine-Maritime" title="Seine-Maritime">Seine-Maritime</a></li> <li>77 <a href="/wiki/Seine-et-Marne" title="Seine-et-Marne">Seine-et-Marne</a></li> <li>78 <a href="/wiki/Yvelines" title="Yvelines">Yvelines</a></li> <li>79 <a href="/wiki/Deux-S%C3%A8vres" title="Deux-Sèvres">Deux-Sèvres</a></li> <li>80 <a href="/wiki/Somme_(department)" title="Somme (department)">Somme</a></li> <li>81 <a href="/wiki/Tarn_(department)" title="Tarn (department)">Tarn</a></li> <li>82 <a href="/wiki/Tarn-et-Garonne" title="Tarn-et-Garonne">Tarn-et-Garonne</a></li> <li>83 <a href="/wiki/Var_(department)" title="Var (department)">Var</a></li> <li>84 <a href="/wiki/Vaucluse" title="Vaucluse">Vaucluse</a></li> <li>85 <a href="/wiki/Vend%C3%A9e" title="Vendée">Vendée</a></li> <li>86 <a href="/wiki/Vienne_(department)" title="Vienne (department)">Vienne</a></li> <li>87 <a href="/wiki/Haute-Vienne" title="Haute-Vienne">Haute-Vienne</a></li> <li>88 <a href="/wiki/Vosges_(department)" title="Vosges (department)">Vosges</a></li> <li>89 <a href="/wiki/Yonne" title="Yonne">Yonne</a></li> <li>90 <a href="/wiki/Territoire_de_Belfort" title="Territoire de Belfort">Territoire de Belfort</a></li> <li>91 <a href="/wiki/Essonne" title="Essonne">Essonne</a></li> <li>92 <a href="/wiki/Hauts-de-Seine" title="Hauts-de-Seine">Hauts-de-Seine</a></li> <li>93 <a href="/wiki/Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Seine-Saint-Denis">Seine-Saint-Denis</a></li> <li>94 <a href="/wiki/Val-de-Marne" title="Val-de-Marne">Val-de-Marne</a></li> <li>95 <a href="/wiki/Val-d%27Oise" title="Val-d'Oise">Val-d'Oise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_department" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas department">Overseas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>971 <a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li>972 <a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a> <small><i>(territorial collectivity)</i></small></li> <li>973 <a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a> <small><i>(territorial collectivity)</i></small></li> <li>974 <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li>976 <a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>69M <a href="/wiki/Metropolis_of_Lyon" title="Metropolis of Lyon">Lyon</a> <small><i>(collectivity with special status)</i></small></li> <li>75 <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> <small><i>(collectivity with special status)</i></small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>975 <a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a> <small><i>(Overseas collectivity)</i></small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1460" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1460" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3113#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/129021221">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmHJyK3KCH6rw64cfkYyd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4399044-7">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82001814">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11952352f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11952352f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Allier (Francie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge630127&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007550542205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/1f2bd26a-41ba-42fb-99b7-9113dd02cb9d">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027496821">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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