Non-Profit Free Legal Search Engine and Alert System

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class="cls-4" d="M99.67,26.6c-1.73-1.76-3.88-2.63-6.44-2.63-2.75,0-5.01.85-6.77,2.59-1.78,1.73-2.66,3.97-2.66,6.7,0,2.4.83,4.53,2.47,6.4.83.95,1.85,1.66,3.03,2.1v133.88h7.51V41.75c1.06-.44,2.01-1.09,2.86-1.96,1.76-1.76,2.61-3.95,2.61-6.63s-.85-4.78-2.61-6.56ZM95.86,36.33c-.79.88-1.71,1.32-2.75,1.32-1.11,0-2.06-.44-2.84-1.34-.79-.9-1.18-1.99-1.18-3.26,0-1.18.39-2.17,1.18-3,.79-.85,1.73-1.27,2.84-1.27,1.04,0,1.96.46,2.75,1.34.81.9,1.2,1.94,1.2,3.14s-.39,2.19-1.2,3.07Z"/> <path class="cls-4" d="M137.69,48.17c-1.73-1.76-3.9-2.66-6.47-2.66-2.75,0-5.01.88-6.77,2.61-1.76,1.73-2.63,3.95-2.63,6.7,0,2.4.81,4.53,2.45,6.4.83.95,1.85,1.64,3.03,2.1v112.31h7.51V63.32c1.06-.44,2.03-1.11,2.89-1.96,1.73-1.76,2.61-3.97,2.61-6.63s-.88-4.8-2.61-6.56ZM133.88,57.9c-.79.88-1.71,1.32-2.77,1.32s-2.06-.46-2.84-1.34c-.79-.9-1.18-1.99-1.18-3.26,0-1.18.39-2.17,1.2-3,.79-.85,1.73-1.27,2.82-1.27s1.99.44,2.77,1.34c.79.9,1.18,1.94,1.18,3.14s-.39,2.19-1.18,3.07Z"/> </g> </g> </svg> </a> </div> <div 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Sponsored by the Non-Profit Free Law Project.</p> </div> <div class="row" id="main-query-box"> <form action="/" method="get" id="search-form" class="form-inline" role="form"> <div id="search-container" class="text-center"> <label class="sr-only" for="id_q">Search</label> <div class="input-group"> <input class="form-control input-lg" value="" name="q" id="id_q" autocomplete="off" type="text"> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg" name="search" id="search-button"><i class="fa fa-search"></i> Search </button> </span> </div> </div> </form> </div> <div id="advanced-search" class="row"> <p class="text-center large alt gray top bottom">– or –</p> <p class="text-center large"> <a href="/opinion/">Advanced Search</a> </p> </div> <div class="row lg-v-offset-below-3"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <h3>About CourtListener</h3> <p>CourtListener is a free legal research website containing millions of legal opinions from federal and state courts. With CourtListener, lawyers, journalists, academics, and the public can research an important case, stay up to date with case law as it develops, or do deep analysis using our raw data. </p> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <h3>About Free Law Project</h3> <p><a href="https://free.law">Free Law Project</a> seeks to provide free access to primary legal materials, develop legal research tools, and support academic research on legal corpora. We work diligently with volunteers to expand our efforts at building an open source, open access, legal research ecosystem. Currently Free Law Project sponsors the development of <a href="https://github.com/freelawproject/courtlistener">CourtListener</a>, <a href="https://github.com/freelawproject/juriscraper">Juriscraper</a>, and <a href="https://free.law/recap/">RECAP</a>. </p> </div> </div> <div class="row lg-v-offset-below-3"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <h3>Latest Opinions <i class="gray fa fa-file-text-o"></i></h3> <p>We download case law from many jurisdictions on an ongoing basis. Here are the most recent ones. </p> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/opinion/10372924/state-of-vermont-v-richard-blackmer-jr/" class="visitable"> State of Vermont v. Richard Blackmer, Jr. (Vt. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Filed:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Status:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">Published</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">24-AP-044</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> </div> </article> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/opinion/10372968/state-v-savage/" class="visitable"> State v. Savage (Ohio Ct. App. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Filed:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Status:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">Published</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Citations: </span> <span class="meta-data-value">2025 Ohio 1206</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">2024-CA-12</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> </div> </article> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/opinion/10372832/kelly-lett-v-jeremy-lett/" class="visitable"> Kelly Lett v. Jeremy Lett (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Filed:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Status:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">Published</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">5D2024-1416</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> </div> </article> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/opinion/10372909/supervised-estate-emily-f-tidd-v-estate-of-gary-tidd-sr/" class="visitable"> Supervised Estate: Emily F. Tidd v. Estate of Gary Tidd, Sr. (Ind. Ct. App. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Filed:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Status:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">Published</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">24A-ES-01395</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> </div> </article> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/opinion/10372827/estate-of-patricia-mclain-mclain-jr-v-guardianship-of-patricia-a/" class="visitable"> Estate of Patricia McLain, McLain, Jr. v. Guardianship of Patricia A. McLain (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Filed:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Status:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">Published</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">2D2023-2364</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> </div> </article> <p class="right"> <a href="/?order_by=dateFiled+desc" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg v-offset-above-2">See Recent Opinions</a> </p> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <h3>Latest Oral Arguments <i class="gray fa fa-volume-up"></i> </h3> <p>We download oral arguments from many jurisdictions on an ongoing basis. Here are the most recent ones. </p> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/audio/98202/toney-v-the-clorox-company/" class="visitable"> Toney v. The Clorox Company (9th Cir. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Argued:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">24-2567</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Duration:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">27:57</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Judge:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">BYBEE, FORREST, Rodriguez</span> </div> </div> </article> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/audio/98198/ubs-financial-services-incorporated-v-david-efron/" class="visitable"> UBS Financial Services, Incorporated v. David Efron (11th Cir. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Argued:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">23-13879</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Duration:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">23:22</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> </div> </article> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/audio/98200/john-labriola-v-miami-dade-county/" class="visitable"> John Labriola v. Miami-Dade County (11th Cir. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Argued:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">23-13508</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Duration:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">39:48</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> </div> </article> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/audio/98192/united-states-of-america-v-harris/" class="visitable"> United States v. Harris (2d Cir. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Argued:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">24-1099</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Duration:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">29:25</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> </div> </article> <article> <h3 class="bottom serif"> <a href="/audio/98204/cruz-barrera-v-bondi/" class="visitable"> Cruz Barrera v. Bondi (9th Cir. 2025) </a> </h3> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Date Argued:</span> <time class="meta-data-value" datetime="2025-04-04"> April 4th, 2025 </time> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Docket Number:</span> <span class="meta-data-value select-all">23-2968</span> </div> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Duration:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">28:40</span> </div> </div> <div class="bottom"> <div class="inline-block"> <span class="meta-data-header">Judge:</span> <span class="meta-data-value">BYBEE, FORREST, Rodriguez</span> </div> </div> </article> <p class="right"> <a href="/?order_by=dateArgued+desc&type=oa" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-lg v-offset-above-2">See Recent Oral Arguments</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="row lg-v-offset-below-3"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <h3>Supreme Court Network Visualizations <i class="gray fa fa-line-chart"></i> </h3> <p>Supreme Court Network Visualizations allow you to see and analyze lines of precedent in Supreme Court cases. </p> <div id="chart-4787"></div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 v-offset-above-2"> <a href="/visualizations/gallery/" class="btn btn-lg btn-default">See Gallery</a> <p class="float-right"> <a href="/visualizations/scotus-mapper/" class="btn btn-lg btn-primary">Learn More About SCOTUS Networks</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <h3>The Numbers <i class="gray fa fa-pie-chart"></i></h3> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-3 text-center"> <span class="homepage-stat bold" id="stat-num-precedential-opinions">8,200,000</span> </div> <div class="col-xs-9"> <p>Number of <a href="/?order_by=dateFiled+desc" rel="nofollow">precedential opinions</a> in CourtListener.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-3 text-center"> <span class="homepage-stat bold" id="stat-num-opinions-in-last-ten">9,322</span> </div> <div class="col-xs-9"><p>Case law added in last ten days.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-3 text-center"> <span class="homepage-stat bold" id="stat-num-days-of-oa">2,246</span> </div> <div class="col-xs-9"> <p>Duration of all <a href="/?type=oa" rel="nofollow">oral arguments</a> in CourtListener, in days.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-3 text-center"> <span class="homepage-stat bold" id="stat-num-oa-in-last-ten">188</span> </div> <div class="col-xs-9"><p>Oral arguments added in last ten days.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-3 text-center"> <span class="homepage-stat bold" id="stat-num-q-in-last-ten">393,088</span> </div> <div class="col-xs-9"><p>Number of queries made in last ten days.</p> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-3 text-center"> <span class="homepage-stat bold" id="stat-num-alerts-in-last-ten">198,655</span> </div> <div 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San Francisco County Democratic Central Committee", "case_name_short": "Eu", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "1989-02-22", "decision_direction": 2, "votes_majority": 8, "votes_minority": 0, "scdb_id": "1988-038", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 112398, "absolute_url": "/opinion/112398/austin-v-michigan-state-chamber-of-commerce/", "case_name": "Austin v. Michigan State Chamber of Commerce", "case_name_short": "Austin", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "1990-03-27", "decision_direction": 2, "votes_majority": 6, "votes_minority": 3, "scdb_id": "1989-055", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 112664, "absolute_url": "/opinion/112664/simon-schuster-inc-v-members-of-the-new-york-state-crime-victims-board/", "case_name": "Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Members of the New York State Crime Victims Board", "case_name_short": "Simon & Schuster", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "1991-12-10", "decision_direction": 2, "votes_majority": 8, "votes_minority": 0, "scdb_id": "1991-011", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 112736, "absolute_url": "/opinion/112736/burson-v-freeman/", "case_name": "Burson v. Freeman", "case_name_short": "Burson", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "1992-05-26", "decision_direction": 1, "votes_majority": 5, "votes_minority": 3, "scdb_id": "1991-074", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 117869, "absolute_url": "/opinion/117869/turner-broadcasting-system-inc-v-federal-communications-commission/", "case_name": "Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. Federal Communications Commission", "case_name_short": "", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "1994-08-24", "decision_direction": 1, "votes_majority": 5, "votes_minority": 4, "scdb_id": "1993-089", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 117898, "absolute_url": "/opinion/117898/united-states-v-national-treasury-employees-union/", "case_name": "United States v. National Treasury Employees Union", "case_name_short": "Nat'l Treasury Employees", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "1995-02-22", "decision_direction": 2, "votes_majority": 6, "votes_minority": 3, "scdb_id": "1994-024", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 117921, "absolute_url": "/opinion/117921/mcintyre-v-ohio-elections-commission/", "case_name": "McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission", "case_name_short": "McIntyre", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "1995-04-19", "decision_direction": 2, "votes_majority": 7, "votes_minority": 2, "scdb_id": "1994-045", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 117947, "absolute_url": "/opinion/117947/adarand-constructors-inc-v-pena/", "case_name": "Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena", "case_name_short": "Pena", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "1995-06-12", "decision_direction": 1, "votes_majority": 5, "votes_minority": 4, "scdb_id": "1994-069", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 118057, "absolute_url": "/opinion/118057/colorado-republican-federal-campaign-committee-v-federal-election/", "case_name": "Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. Federal Election Commission", "case_name_short": "Colorado Republican", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "1996-06-26", "decision_direction": 1, "votes_majority": 7, "votes_minority": 2, "scdb_id": "1995-086", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 118335, "absolute_url": "/opinion/118335/nixon-v-shrink-missouri-government-pac/", "case_name": "Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC", "case_name_short": "Nixon", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "2000-01-24", "decision_direction": 2, "votes_majority": 6, "votes_minority": 3, "scdb_id": "1999-026", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 118456, "absolute_url": "/opinion/118456/federal-election-commission-v-colorado-republican-federal-campaign/", "case_name": "Federal Election Commission v. 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Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc.", "case_name_short": "WRTL", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "2007-06-25", "decision_direction": 2, "votes_majority": 5, "votes_minority": 4, "scdb_id": "2006-069", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 145776, "absolute_url": "/opinion/145776/davis-v-federal-election-commission/", "case_name": "Davis v. Federal Election Commission", "case_name_short": "Davis", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "2008-06-26", "decision_direction": 1, "votes_majority": 5, "votes_minority": 4, "scdb_id": "2007-072", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] }, { "id": 145867, "absolute_url": "/opinion/145867/caperton-v-a-t-massey-coal-co-inc/", "case_name": "Caperton v. A. T. Massey Coal Co., Inc.", "case_name_short": "Caperton", "citation_count": 1, "date_filed": "2009-06-08", "decision_direction": 2, "votes_majority": 5, "votes_minority": 4, "scdb_id": "2008-064", "sub_opinions": [ { "type": "combined", "opinions_cited": { "109380": { "opacitiy": 1 } } } ] } ] } }; </script> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "WebSite", "url": "https://www.courtlistener.com/", "potentialAction": { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": "https://www.courtlistener.com/?q={search_term}", "query-input": "required name=search_term" } } </script> <script src="https://storage.courtlistener.com/static/js/d3.min.fb533534a1ff.js"></script> <script src="https://storage.courtlistener.com/static/js/plottable.min.102c4c4317b8.js"></script> <script src="https://storage.courtlistener.com/static/js/jquery.bootstrap-growl.min.ed07a6f40944.js"></script> <script src="https://storage.courtlistener.com/static/js/visualization_tools.683339cd3940.js"></script> <script src="https://storage.courtlistener.com/static/js/scotus_map.b294f24f3006.js"></script> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="0" height="0">  <defs> <filter id="blur" x="0" y="0"> <feGaussianBlur in="SourceGraphic" stdDeviation="1"></feGaussianBlur> </filter> </defs> </svg> </body> </html>

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