CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Mining in Iran - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"452bb6ed-1d7e-496a-ba0e-8397bc09da9e","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Mining_in_Iran","wgTitle":"Mining in Iran","wgCurRevisionId":1247079782,"wgRevisionId":1247079782,"wgArticleId":7784351,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 maint: archived copy as title","CS1 maint: unfit URL","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from October 2011","Articles with dead external links from November 2019","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with short description","Short description with empty Wikidata description","Use dmy dates from April 2021","All articles with unsourced statements", "Articles with unsourced statements from July 2021","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2011","Mining in Iran"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Mining_in_Iran","wgRelevantArticleId":7784351,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage", "wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2719780","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media", "site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Iran_econ.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1903"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Iran_econ.jpg/800px-Iran_econ.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1269"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Iran_econ.jpg/640px-Iran_econ.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1015"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Mining in Iran - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_in_Iran"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_in_Iran"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Mining_in_Iran rootpage-Mining_in_Iran skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mining+in+Iran" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mining+in+Iran" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Mining+in+Iran" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Mining+in+Iran" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Economics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Economics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commodities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commodities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Commodities </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Commodities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Commodities subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Commodities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Iron_and_steel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iron_and_steel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Iron and steel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iron_and_steel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Iron_ore" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iron_ore"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.1 Iron ore </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iron_ore-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Steel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Steel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1.2 Steel </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Steel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bauxite_and_aluminium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bauxite_and_aluminium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Bauxite and aluminium </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bauxite_and_aluminium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bauxite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bauxite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Bauxite </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bauxite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aluminium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aluminium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 Aluminium </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aluminium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Coal </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Coke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 Coke </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zinc_and_lead" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zinc_and_lead"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Zinc and lead </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zinc_and_lead-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uranium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uranium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Uranium </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uranium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fluorite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fluorite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Fluorite </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fluorite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Copper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Copper </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Copper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gold" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gold"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8 Gold </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gold-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.9 Cement </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_investments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_investments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Foreign investments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_investments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Production statistics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Production_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Mines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Mining in Iran</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 6 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-6" aria-hidden="true" > 6 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85_%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مناجم إيران – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مناجم إيران" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="معادن ایران – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="معادن ایران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrie_mini%C3%A8re_en_Iran" title="Industrie minière en Iran – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Industrie minière en Iran" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlombongan_Iran" title="Perlombongan Iran – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perlombongan Iran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%86%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Гірнича промисловість Ірану – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гірнича промисловість Ірану" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E7%A4%A6%E6%A5%AD" title="伊朗礦業 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊朗礦業" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2719780#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Iran" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Mining_in_Iran" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Iran">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Iran">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Mining_in_Iran" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Mining_in_Iran" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&oldid=1247079782" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Mining_in_Iran&id=1247079782&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMining_in_Iran">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMining_in_Iran">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mining_in_Iran&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Iran" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2719780" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iran_econ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Iran_econ.jpg/200px-Iran_econ.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Iran_econ.jpg/300px-Iran_econ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Iran_econ.jpg/400px-Iran_econ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="858" data-file-height="1361" /></a><figcaption>Industry and mining map of Iran</figcaption></figure> Mining in Iran is still under development, yet the country is one of the most important mineral producers in the world, ranked among 15 major mineral-rich countries,<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> holding some 68 types of minerals, 37 billion tonnes of proven reserves and more than 57 billion tonnes of potential reserves worth $770 billion in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-iran-daily.com-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceD-3">[3]</a> Mineral production contributes only 0.6 percent to the country's GDP.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Add other mining-related industries and this figure increases to just four percent (2005). Many factors have contributed to this, namely lack of suitable infrastructure, legal barriers, exploration difficulties, and government control. The most important mines in Iran include coal, metallic minerals, sand and gravel, chemical minerals and salt. <a href="/wiki/Khorasan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Khorasan Province">Khorasan</a> has the most operating mines in Iran. Other large deposits which mostly remain underdeveloped are <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a> (the world's largest), copper (world's ninth largest reserves in 2011, according to the <a href="/wiki/Managing_director" class="mw-redirect" title="Managing director">managing director</a> of <a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_Copper_Industries_Company" title="National Iranian Copper Industries Company">National Iranian Copper Industries Company</a>), iron (the world's 12th largest in 2013 according to the <a href="/wiki/US_Geological_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="US Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a>),<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> (the world's tenth largest) and lead (world's eleventh largest).<a href="#cite_note-tehrantimes.com-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> Iran with roughly 1% of the world's population holds more than 7% of the world's total mineral reserves.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> In 2019, the country was the 2nd largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Gypsum" title="Gypsum">gypsum</a>;<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> the 8th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">molybdenum</a>;<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> the world's 8th largest producer of <a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">antimony</a>;<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> the 11th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Iron_ore" title="Iron ore">iron ore</a>;<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> the 18th largest world producer of <a href="/wiki/Sulfur" title="Sulfur">sulfur</a>,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> in addition to being the 21st largest worldwide producer of <a href="/wiki/Table_salt" class="mw-redirect" title="Table salt">salt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> It was the 13th largest producer in the world of <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economics">Economics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Economics">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iran" title="Economy of Iran">Economy of Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran_Mercantile_Exchange" title="Iran Mercantile Exchange">Iran Mercantile Exchange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tehran_Stock_Exchange" title="Tehran Stock Exchange">Tehran Stock Exchange</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Iran" title="Environmental issues in Iran">Environmental issues in Iran</a></div> Close to 30 percent of the country's investment has been made in the mining field in recent years. In 2008, forty five percent of the <a href="/wiki/Tehran_Stock_Exchange#Economic_sectors" title="Tehran Stock Exchange">stock market's capitalization</a> was in the mineral industries.<a href="#cite_note-Mining-18">[18]</a> In 2008 the share of the mining sector and mineral industries increased to over five percent in GDP.<a href="#cite_note-Mining-18">[18]</a> The sector with the highest <a href="/wiki/Profit_margin" title="Profit margin">profit margin</a> among the <a href="/wiki/Top_100_Iranian_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Top 100 Iranian companies">top 100 Iranian companies</a> in 2009 was mining, with a margin of 58%, while those in the <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> had a gross profit margin of 11%.<a href="#cite_note-Turq9-19">[19]</a> In the first quarter of 2009–2010, Iran exported close to 5.6 million tons of mineral products worth over $1.2 billion.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> In 2009–2010 the mining sector had exports reaching $8.13 billion, accounting for about 32 percent of the country's non-oil exports.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-21">[21]</a> Every year, the iron ore price is determined by the government after negotiations between iron ore and steel producers. In 2008, the average price of iron ore was set at $56 per tonne. The steel, cement and iron ore prices are currently being liberalized in Iran. In March 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Iran_Mercantile_Exchange" title="Iran Mercantile Exchange">Iran Mercantile Exchange</a> (IME) announced the complete liberalisation of the sale price of raw steel and by-products.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Iran's mineral reserves are valued at more than $770 billion (2014).<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceD-3">[3]</a> In 2005, of 3,125 operating mines, 2,747 and 378 mines were run by private and public sectors respectively.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> As of 2010, 5,574 mines are being exploited in 30 provinces of the country (which are active, inactive or in the state of being equipped).<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-21">[21]</a> The rate of extraction from these mines stood at approximately 217.5 million tons in previous years. More than 100,000 people are presently engaged in the mines sector while as a whole some 500,000 people are employed in the mine sector.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-21">[21]</a> The number of operating mining units stands at 20,375.<a href="#cite_note-iran-daily.com-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-21">[21]</a> National Iranian mining company is the world's 23rd largest mining company with 0.6% of the world's total mining production.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Exploration projects implemented by the National Geology and Mineral Exploration Organization in the three years period of 2005–2008 are six times higher than the figure for the same period during the previous government.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Since 2005, mortality rate in mining mishaps has declined to one death for every 10 million tons of mining production from the previous figure of six million tons.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commodities">Commodities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Commodities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Industry_of_Iran" title="Industry of Iran">Industry of Iran</a> and <a href="/wiki/IMIDRO" title="IMIDRO">IMIDRO</a></div> Although the petroleum industry provides the majority of economic revenues, about 75 percent of all mining sector employees work in mines producing minerals other than oil and natural gas. These include coal, iron ore, copper, lead, <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>, chromium,<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <a href="/wiki/Barite" class="mw-redirect" title="Barite">barite</a> (world's sixth largest producer), salt, <a href="/wiki/Gypsum" title="Gypsum">gypsum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">molybdenum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium">strontium</a>,<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <a href="/wiki/Silica" class="mw-redirect" title="Silica">silica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a>, and gold (most as a coproduct of the Sarcheshmeh copper complex operations). The mines at <a href="/wiki/Sarcheshmeh" title="Sarcheshmeh">Sarcheshmeh</a> in Kerman Province contain the world's second largest lode of copper ore (5% of the world's total). Some 128,500 tons were extracted in 2000–2001. Large iron ore deposits exist in central Iran, near Bafq, <a href="/wiki/Yazd" title="Yazd">Yazd</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kerman" title="Kerman">Kerman</a>. Iran produces <a href="/wiki/Orpiment" title="Orpiment">orpiment</a> and <a href="/wiki/Realgar" title="Realgar">realgar</a> <a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">arsenic</a> concentrates, silver, <a href="/wiki/Asbestos" title="Asbestos">asbestos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Borax" title="Borax">borax</a>, hydraulic cement, clays (<a href="/wiki/Bentonite" title="Bentonite">bentonite</a>, industrial, and <a href="/wiki/Kaolin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaolin">kaolin</a>), <a href="/wiki/Diatomite" class="mw-redirect" title="Diatomite">diatomite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feldspar" title="Feldspar">feldspar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fluorspar" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluorspar">fluorspar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turquoise" title="Turquoise">turquoise</a>, industrial or glass sand (<a href="/wiki/Quartzite" title="Quartzite">quartzite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silica" class="mw-redirect" title="Silica">silica</a>), <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_lime" title="Agricultural lime">lime</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magnesite" title="Magnesite">magnesite</a>, nitrogen (of <a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">ammonia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Urea" title="Urea">urea</a>), <a href="/wiki/Perlite" title="Perlite">perlite</a>, natural <a href="/wiki/Ochre" title="Ochre">ocher</a> and iron oxide mineral pigments, <a href="/wiki/Pumice" title="Pumice">pumice</a> and related volcanic materials, <a href="/wiki/Caustic_soda" class="mw-redirect" title="Caustic soda">caustic soda</a>, stones and <a href="/wiki/Decorative_stones" class="mw-redirect" title="Decorative stones">decorative stones</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">marble</a>, <a href="/wiki/Travertine" title="Travertine">travertine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">dolomite</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>),<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <a href="/wiki/Celestite" class="mw-redirect" title="Celestite">celestite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sodium_sulfate" title="Sodium sulfate">natural sulfates</a> (<a href="/wiki/Potassium_alum" title="Potassium alum">aluminum potassium sulfate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sodium_sulfate" title="Sodium sulfate">sodium sulfate</a>), <a href="/wiki/Amber" title="Amber">amber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">tungsten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agate" title="Agate">agate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lapis_lazuli" title="Lapis lazuli">lapis lazuli</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Talc" title="Talc">talc</a>. Iran also produces <a href="/wiki/Ferromanganese" title="Ferromanganese">ferromanganese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferromolybdenum" title="Ferromolybdenum">ferromolybdenum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepheline_syenite" title="Nepheline syenite">nepheline syenite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demantoid" title="Demantoid">demantoids</a>,<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <a href="/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate">phosphate</a> rock, <a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">selenium</a>, shell, <a href="/wiki/Andalusite" title="Andalusite">andalusite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mineral_wool" title="Mineral wool">rockwool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garnet" title="Garnet">garnet</a>,<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gabbro" title="Gabbro">gabbro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diorite" title="Diorite">diorite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vermiculite" title="Vermiculite">vermiculite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Attapulgite" class="mw-redirect" title="Attapulgite">attapulgite</a>,<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">calcium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">barium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rare_earth_element" class="mw-redirect" title="Rare earth element">rare earth elements</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scandium" title="Scandium">scandium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yttrium" title="Yttrium">yttrium</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zeolite" title="Zeolite">zeolite</a>, and had the capacity to mine <a href="/wiki/Onyx" title="Onyx">onyx</a>.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Iran also has large deposits of <a href="/wiki/Herbertsmithite" title="Herbertsmithite">herbertsmithite</a> around the city of Anarak.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iron_and_steel">Iron and steel</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Iron and steel">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iron_ore">Iron ore</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Iron ore">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gol_Gohar_iron_ore_mine_2019-10-23_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gol_Gohar_iron_ore_mine_2019-10-23_02.jpg/220px-Gol_Gohar_iron_ore_mine_2019-10-23_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gol_Gohar_iron_ore_mine_2019-10-23_02.jpg/330px-Gol_Gohar_iron_ore_mine_2019-10-23_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Gol_Gohar_iron_ore_mine_2019-10-23_02.jpg/440px-Gol_Gohar_iron_ore_mine_2019-10-23_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gol_Gohar_mine" title="Gol Gohar mine">Gol Gohar mine</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Sirjan" title="Sirjan">Sirjan</a>, is the largest iron mine in Iran.</figcaption></figure> In 2009 Iran produced 25.5 million tons of iron ore (<a href="/wiki/Fines_(iron_ore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fines (iron ore)">fines</a>, lumps and concentrate),<a href="#cite_note-IRNA-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg.com-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-steelorbis.com-40">[40]</a> – Alternatively, <a href="/wiki/U.S._Geological_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Geological Survey">U.S. Geological Survey</a> ranked Iran, the 8th largest producer of iron ore in 2009 with 33 million tons of output.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Chadormalu and Gol Gohar Iron Ore are the two largest iron ore mines (accounting for more than 80% of iron ore production in Iran).<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chadormalu_Mining_and_Industrial_Company" title="Chadormalu Mining and Industrial Company">Chadormalu Mining and Industrial Company</a> produced 9,498,000 mt of iron ore. It is the largest iron ore producer listed on the <a href="/wiki/Tehran_Stock_Exchange" title="Tehran Stock Exchange">Tehran Stock Exchange</a>,<a href="#cite_note-turquoisepartners.com-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gol_Gohar_Iron_Ore_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gol Gohar Iron Ore Company (page does not exist)">Gol Gohar Iron Ore Company</a> produced 7,209,000 mt of iron ore; Gol Gohar <a href="/wiki/Pelletizing" title="Pelletizing">pellet</a> plant near the southern city of <a href="/wiki/Sirjan" title="Sirjan">Sirjan</a>, the biggest of its kind in the Middle East, uses iron ore concentrates from the <a href="/wiki/Gol_Gohar_mine" title="Gol Gohar mine">Gol-e-Gohar mine</a> in the province. The new plant produces five million tonnes of iron ore per year; enough for production of 2.5 million tonnes of steel.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>Iran Central Iron Ore Company produced 5,310,000 mt, with the remainder produced by other smaller public sector miners.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> In 2009, Iran exported about 10 million metric tons of iron ore, mainly to <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.<a href="#cite_note-steelorbis.com-40">[40]</a></li> <li>Gohar Zamin Iron Ore Mine is expected to produce 140 million tons of ore by 2013.<a href="#cite_note-BYI-45">[45]</a></li></ul> In 2012, Iran opened a <a href="/wiki/Sponge_iron" class="mw-redirect" title="Sponge iron">sponge iron</a> plant in <a href="/wiki/Hormozgan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Hormozgan Province">Hormozgan Province</a> with a projected annual output of 1.8 million tons.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <a href="/wiki/Export_tariffs_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Export tariffs in Iran">Tariffs for the export</a> of iron ore concentrate and <a href="/wiki/Pellet_(ore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pellet (ore)">pellet</a> have been set at 50% and 35% respectively (2010).<a href="#cite_note-HttpwwwturquoisepartnerscomiraninvestmentIIMDecpdf-47">[47]</a> Starting in 2012, iron ore companies will pay tariffs for their excavation licenses 2% of the price of a tonne of steel billet for every tonne of iron ore that they sell.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Steel">Steel</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Steel">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Foolad_Mobarakeh21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Foolad_Mobarakeh21.jpg/200px-Foolad_Mobarakeh21.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Foolad_Mobarakeh21.jpg/300px-Foolad_Mobarakeh21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Foolad_Mobarakeh21.jpg/400px-Foolad_Mobarakeh21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mobarakeh_Steel_Mill" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobarakeh Steel Mill">Mobarakeh Steel Mill</a> in <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a> is Iran's largest <a href="/wiki/Steel_mill" title="Steel mill">steel mill</a>.</figcaption></figure> Prior to the Iranian revolution one of Iran's crowning transformations into an industrialized country was steel. The gigantic Soviet-built Aryamehr steel works in Isfahan was the leading industrial concentration in the country. In 1978, Aryamehr was producing in excess of 1.9 million tons of steel annually, and by 1985 it was slated to have an output of 8 million tons a year, making it one of the largest steel plants in the world. By 1985 had the revolution and war not destroyed everything-new plants at Ahwaz, Bandar Abbas, Isfahan, and other sites would have given Iran steel-producing capacity of over 15 million tons a year. Steel production capacity will reach 17 million tons from 10 million tons in 2009 after the private and state projects come on stream, and 40 million tons over the long run.<a href="#cite_note-bloomberg.com-39">[39]</a> Main <a href="/wiki/Steel_mill" title="Steel mill">steel mills</a> are located in <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Khuzestan" class="mw-redirect" title="Khuzestan">Khuzestan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Httpwwwirandailycomhtmleconomyhtm-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-IranDaily-50">[50]</a> Major raw steel producers in Iran are:<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobarakeh_Steel_Mill" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobarakeh Steel Mill">Mobarakeh Steel Mill</a> (47% market share as of 2010),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khouzestan_Steel_Company" title="Khouzestan Steel Company">Khouzestan Steel Company</a> (23% market share, with new capacity of 80,000 tons),<a href="#cite_note-Smooth-52">[52]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isfahan_Foundry" class="mw-redirect" title="Isfahan Foundry">Isfahan Foundry</a> (20% market share),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_National_Steel_Industries_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Iran National Steel Industries Group">Iran National Steel Industries Group</a> (10% market share),</li> <li>Mazandaran Company (10% market share),</li></ul> Other notable or new steel producers in Iran are:<a href="#cite_note-Httpwwwirandailycomhtmleconomyhtm-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-IranDaily-50">[50]</a> <ul><li>Azerbaijan Steel Company,</li> <li>Iran Steel Alloy Company,</li> <li>Ahvaz Pipe and Rolling Company,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorasan_steel" class="mw-redirect" title="Khorasan steel">Khorasan Steel Company</a>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natanz" title="Natanz">Natanz</a> Steel Complex, near the city of <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a> with annual production capacity of 800,000 tonnes of steel rods and is the largest steel rod plant in the Middle East,<a href="#cite_note-Bonab-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Bonab Steel Complex, in the north-western province of <a href="/wiki/East_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="East Azerbaijan">East Azerbaijan</a>. The first unit is a corrugated steel bar production line, with a production capacity of 1 million tonnes per annum and is the largest of its kind in the Middle East. The second unit is a steel ingot production plant, with an annual capacity of 500,000 tonnes.<a href="#cite_note-Bonab-53">[53]</a></li> <li>In 2010, Iran also inaugurated the largest <a href="/wiki/Galvanized" class="mw-redirect" title="Galvanized">galvanized</a> sheet production plant for <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Iran" title="Automotive industry in Iran">automobiles</a> in the Middle East in the city of <a href="/wiki/Shahr-e_Kord" title="Shahr-e Kord">Shahr-e Kord</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The plant, which was financed by <a href="/wiki/Iran_Khodro" title="Iran Khodro">Iran Khodro</a> and <a href="/wiki/SAIPA" title="SAIPA">SAIPA</a>, has a capacity of 400,000 tpy.<a href="#cite_note-HttpwwwturquoisepartnerscomiraninvestmentIIMDecpdf-47">[47]</a></li> <li>In 2012, a steel <a href="/wiki/Ingot" title="Ingot">ingot</a> plant was inaugurated in <a href="/wiki/Hormozgan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Hormozgan Province">Hormozgan Province</a> of Iran. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormozgan_Steel_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hormozgan Steel Company (page does not exist)">Hormozgan Steel Company</a> has the initial production capacity of 1.5 million tons per year with the capacity to be extended to three million tons in a year. The plant has been built by an Iranian-German consortium (<a href="/wiki/IRITEC" class="mw-redirect" title="IRITEC">IRITEC</a>, SMS-DEMAG).<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></li></ul> Iran became self-sufficient in steel production in 2009.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> In 2008 Iran produced 7.5 million tons of direct reduced iron (DRI). It produces 13 percent of global DRI production and 41 percent of total Middle East DRI production.<a href="#cite_note-Smooth-52">[52]</a> In addition, these projects have resulted in industrial decentralization, development of underprivileged regions, increase in GNP and promotion of industrial infrastructure.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Iran is the world's 16th steel producer.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bauxite_and_aluminium">Bauxite and aluminium</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bauxite and aluminium">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bauxite">Bauxite</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bauxite">edit</a>]</div> In 2009 Iran will produce 230,000 tons of <a href="/wiki/Bauxite" title="Bauxite">bauxite</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Aluminium">Aluminium</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Aluminium">edit</a>]</div> Iran's aluminium production is targeted to exceed 400,000 tonnes in 2012 and 1.5mnt by 2022. Planned projects include Alumina Mine's 100,000tpa aluminium production project in <a href="/wiki/North_Khorasan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="North Khorasan Province">North Khorasan Province</a>, 276,000tpa South Aluminium project as well as the 375,000tpa <a href="/wiki/Khuzestan" class="mw-redirect" title="Khuzestan">Khuzestan</a> Aluminium project.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> As at 2012, the largest plants for aluminium production in Iran are: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iralco" class="mw-redirect" title="Iralco">Iralco</a>,</li> <li>Almahdi,</li> <li>Hormozal aluminium smelter plant in <a href="/wiki/Bandar_Abbas" title="Bandar Abbas">Bandar Abbas</a>. The newly built Hormozal plant with an annual production capacity of 147,000 tonnes is a joint venture between Iran and Italy.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coal">Coal</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Coal">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Iran" title="Energy in Iran">Energy in Iran</a></div> Iran has recoverable proven coal reserves of nearly 1.9bn <a href="/wiki/Short_ton" title="Short ton">short tonnes</a>, and with total estimated coal reserves of more than 50 billion <a href="/wiki/Short_ton" title="Short ton">short tonnes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Iran-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> By mid-2008, the country produced about 1.3m short tonnes of coal annually and consumed about 1.5m short tonnes, making it a small net importer of coal.<a href="#cite_note-Iran-60">[60]</a> Iran plans to increase hard-coal production to 5 million tons in 2012 from 2 million tons in November 2008.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> Major coal producers and exporters in Iran are:<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <ul><li>Kerman Coal Company,</li> <li>Eastern Alborz Coal Company, and</li> <li>Central Alborz Coal Company.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Coke">Coke</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Coke">edit</a>]</div> In 2015 Iran produced 1.7 million tons of <a href="/wiki/Coke_(fuel)" title="Coke (fuel)">coke</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Zinc_and_lead">Zinc and lead</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Zinc and lead">edit</a>]</div> Iran has over 220 million tonnes of proven zinc and lead ore reserves. With approximately 11 million tonnes of <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a> metal constituent and 5 million tonnes of lead metal constituent, Iran has just below 5% of the world's metal constituent reserves. Two important mines in Iran are:<a href="#cite_note-turquoisepartners.com-43">[43]</a> <ul><li>Mahdi-Abad, which has 75 million tonnes of ore with a zinc concentration of 6% and a lead concentration of 2.7%,</li> <li>Angouran mine, which has 16 million tonnes of ore with a zinc concentration of 26% and a lead concentration of 6%.</li></ul> In 2009, with approximately 165,000 tonnes of production, Iran ranked first in the Middle East and 15th in the world in terms of zinc and lead production. In 2009, Iran exported 77,000 tonnes of zinc and lead concentrate and ingot. The largest or most profitable producers of zinc and lead in Iran are:<a href="#cite_note-Turq9-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-turquoisepartners.com-43">[43]</a> <ul><li>Iran Zinc Mines Development Group (largest producer),</li> <li>Bama Mining & Industrial Co.,</li> <li>Bafgh Mines Co.,</li> <li>Calsimin Co. (the largest zinc producer in the Middle East)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uranium">Uranium</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Uranium">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Nuclear program of Iran">Nuclear program of Iran</a></div> Iran is believed to have large reserves of <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> to use as nuclear fuel in different parts of Iran including <a href="/wiki/Bandar_Abbas" title="Bandar Abbas">Bandar Abbas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yazd" title="Yazd">Yazd</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Khorasan" class="mw-redirect" title="North Khorasan">North Khorasan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Azerbaijan">Iranian Azerbaijan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> In 2018 and 2019, Iran produced 84 tonnes of U3O8 (<a href="/wiki/Yellowcake" title="Yellowcake">yellowcake</a>) per year (est.), entirely sourced from domestic mines. Because of the country's well-developed <a href="/wiki/Uranium_mining" title="Uranium mining">uranium mining</a> industry, the Islamic Republic was processing more <a href="/wiki/Uranium_ore" title="Uranium ore">uranium ore</a> for <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fuel" title="Nuclear fuel">nuclear fuel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_medicine" title="Nuclear medicine">medical applications</a> than <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fluorite">Fluorite</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Fluorite">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Mazandaran" class="mw-redirect" title="Mazandaran">Mazandaran</a>, a valuable reserve of Iran's minerals. The extraction of more than 22 million minerals and the employment of more than four thousand people have turned mines into golden treasures in Mazandaran.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Copper">Copper</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Copper">edit</a>]</div> In 2009 Iran produced 383,000 tons of copper.<a href="#cite_note-IRNA-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg.com-39">[39]</a> As of 2011, Iran had the world's 9th largest reserves of copper at 32.5 million tons.<a href="#cite_note-tehrantimes.com-5">[5]</a> The mines at <a href="/wiki/Sarcheshmeh" title="Sarcheshmeh">Sarcheshmeh</a> in Kerman Province contain the world's second largest lode of copper ore (5% of the world's total). As of 2010, Iran ranked 10th in copper production and 17th in <a href="/wiki/Copper_cathode" class="mw-redirect" title="Copper cathode">copper cathodes</a> production (220,000 tons).<a href="#cite_note-payvand.com-68">[68]</a> In 2009, Iran exported $1.2 billion worth of copper cathodes.<a href="#cite_note-payvand.com-68">[68]</a> National Iranian Copper Industries Company (NICICO) is one of the largest companies listed on the <a href="/wiki/Tehran_Stock_Exchange#Economic_sectors" title="Tehran Stock Exchange">Tehran Stock Exchange</a> and was the largest non-oil exporter in Iran in 2010 with exports worth $1.3 billion.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gold">Gold</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Gold">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Iran_%26_above-ground_gold_reserves" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Bank of Iran & above-ground gold reserves">Central Bank of Iran & above-ground gold reserves</a></div> Iran's total gold reserves (below ground) are estimated at 320 metric tons.<a href="#cite_note-Archived_copy-70">[70]</a> Based on a short-term program (2008), gold production will reach five tons per year. Under the long-term plan, the figure will rise to 25 tons per annum. The main gold-rich regions in Iran are:<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> <ul><li>Meydouk in <a href="/wiki/Shahr-e_Babak" title="Shahr-e Babak">Shahr-e Babak</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kerman_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerman Province">Kerman Province</a>),</li> <li>Khorapeh in <a href="/wiki/Piranshahr" title="Piranshahr">Piranshahr</a> (<a href="/wiki/West_Azerbaijan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="West Azerbaijan Province">West Azerbaijan Province</a>),</li> <li>Nabijan in Kalaybar, (<a href="/wiki/East_Azerbaijan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="East Azerbaijan Province">East Azerbaijan Province</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andaryan_gold_mine" title="Andaryan gold mine">Andaryan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Varzaqan_County" title="Varzaqan County">Varzaqan County</a>, East Azerbaijan Province</li> <li>Alikh in <a href="/wiki/Jolfa,_Iran_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jolfa, Iran (city)">Jolfa</a> (East Azerbaijan Province),</li> <li>Logheh (<a href="/wiki/Zanjan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Zanjan Province">Zanjan Province</a>),</li> <li>Qolqoleh (<a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdistan Province">Kurdistan Province</a>),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saqqez" title="Saqqez">Saqqez</a>, in the west,</li> <li>Piranshahr in the west,</li> <li>Maherabad, in the east,</li> <li>Sheikhabad, in the east.</li></ul> The gold mine in the city of <a href="/wiki/Takab" title="Takab">Takab</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Azerbaijan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="West Azerbaijan Province">West Azerbaijan Province</a> (Iran's largest gold mine until 2012) has over 4 tons of proven gold reserves and 5.81 grams of gold can be netted from each ton of gold ore extracted from the mine.<a href="#cite_note-fars-72">[72]</a> In 2012, three new gold mines with 16 tons of proven net gold deposits have been discovered in <a href="/wiki/Saqqez" title="Saqqez">Saqqez</a> city in the western province of <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Archived_copy-70">[70]</a> As of 2014, gold ore reserves of <a href="/wiki/Zareh_Shuran" title="Zareh Shuran">Zareh Shuran</a> mine in West Azerbaijan (largest gold plant in the M.E.) are estimated at 20 million tons with an average grade of 5.5 gram per ton which is considered one of the most valuable known mines in the country.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> In 2020, provincial officials announced the discovery of large gold reserves in southeast <a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistan and Baluchestan">Sistan and Baluchestan</a> after extensive exploration and survey stages were completed. A license for the exploration of the mine with a definite reserve of eight tonnes of gold was issued. Iranian officials dubbed Sistan and Baluchestan the "mineral rainbow" of Iran, with the most lucrative reserves of <a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">antimony</a>, <a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cement">Cement</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Cement">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Construction_industry_of_Iran" title="Construction industry of Iran">Construction industry of Iran</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Haftkel_cement_plant.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Haftkel_cement_plant.JPG/220px-Haftkel_cement_plant.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Haftkel_cement_plant.JPG/330px-Haftkel_cement_plant.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Haftkel_cement_plant.JPG/440px-Haftkel_cement_plant.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1538" data-file-height="1156" /></a><figcaption>A cement factory in <a href="/wiki/Khuzestan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Khuzestan Province">Khuzestan Province</a></figcaption></figure> In 2009, <a href="/wiki/IMIDRO" title="IMIDRO">IMIDRO</a> reported that 9 countries including <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> and one of the Mid-Asian countries will have <a href="/wiki/Cement_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Cement plant">cement plants</a> which will be constructed by Iranian engineers.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Iran is the 8th cement producer in world and 2nd in the Middle East, after <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 2009 Iran produced some 65 million tons of cement per year and exported to 40 countries.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-77">[77]</a> There are 57 active production units in Iran as of 2010. As of 2010, 28 cement companies were listed on the <a href="/wiki/Tehran_Stock_Exchange" title="Tehran Stock Exchange">Tehran Stock Exchange</a>. Iran constitutes 1.8% of the world's cement production and 1.6% of the world's cement consumption.<a href="#cite_note-Turquoise-78">[78]</a> The main producers of cement are:<a href="#cite_note-Turquoise-78">[78]</a> <ul><li>Fars & Khuzestan Group is Iran's largest producer of cement with a market share of 24%,</li> <li>Abyek with 8% market share,</li> <li>Tehran with 7% market share,</li> <li>Sepahan with 6% market share.</li></ul> Cement production/prices in Iran are being liberalized since 2008. The cement industry is one of the economic sectors that will be hit the hardest in Iran following of the <a href="/wiki/2010_subsidy_reform_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 subsidy reform plan">2010 subsidy reform plan</a>, because many Iranian cement factories are energy-inefficient.<a href="#cite_note-Turquoise-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign_investments">Foreign investments</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Foreign investments">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment_in_Iran" title="Foreign direct investment in Iran">Foreign direct investment in Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tax_exemptions_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax exemptions in Iran">Tax exemptions in Iran</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Privatization_of_mining_sector_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Privatization of mining sector in Iran">Privatization of mining sector in Iran</a></div> The government owns 90 per cent of all mines and related large industries in Iran and is seeking <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment_in_Iran" title="Foreign direct investment in Iran">foreign investment</a> for the development of the mining sector. In the steel and copper sectors alone, the government is seeking to raise around US$1.1 billion in foreign financing. In the early 1990s the buy-back method of transaction (the government buys back the industrial project after the foreign direct investor has recouped his initial investment in the project plus a predefined profit) was introduced to bypass constitutional constraints on foreign investment and avoid potential political difficulties within the country. The scheme has government support for being an efficient means of attracting foreign capital, services and technical expertise, while reducing foreign exchange expenditures and expanding exports. If the Iranian Government is to fulfil its 20-year plan to improve the country's mining sector, it's estimated that US$20 billion, mostly in foreign investment, will be required. <ul><li>Projects eligible for buy-back agreements and foreign loan facilities are:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Projects that complete aluminium production lines</dd> <dd>Projects that mobilise coal, iron ore, steel, copper and pigment metals production</dd> <dd>Ferro alloys projects and gold production</dd></dl> <ul><li>Iran imports the following equipment to support its mining sector:</li></ul> <dl><dd>Mining equipment such as <a href="/wiki/Drill" title="Drill">drills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loader_(equipment)" title="Loader (equipment)">loaders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shovel" title="Shovel">shovels</a></dd> <dd>Support equipment such as <a href="/wiki/Bulldozer" title="Bulldozer">bulldozers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grader" title="Grader">graders</a>, trucks and auxiliaries</dd> <dd>Utility equipment such as compressed air plant equipment, water and waste-water treatment equipment</dd> <dd>Mechanical equipment including equipment for crude ore handling, grinding, separation and treatment purposes</dd> <dd>Laboratory and workshop equipment</dd> <dd>Power supply and distribution equipment</dd> <dd>Process control instruments</dd></dl> Most of the electrical distribution equipment for water supply and treatment utilities, along with steelworks and storage facilities are manufactured locally. There is a demand for high quality second-hand machinery in Iran. To date, doing business in Iran has had political overtones.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> In this regard, countries which can maintain a <a href="/wiki/Neutrality_(international_relations)" class="mw-redirect" title="Neutrality (international relations)">neutral</a> and impartial political image in the Middle East are advantaged. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production_statistics">Production statistics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Production statistics">edit</a>]</div> Iran's mineral produce include coal, metallic elements, sand and gravel, chemical minerals and salt. It has the world's largest zinc reserves, holds the second largest copper deposits and ranks ninth for its iron reserves.<a href="#cite_note-Archived_copy-70">[70]</a> The following is a list of some of Iran's industrial mining production and their international rankings: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Iran" title="International rankings of Iran">International rankings of Iran</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"> <caption>Rankings </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>World ranking</th> <th>Annual production</th> <th>Year</th> <th>Source</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_steel_production" title="List of countries by steel production">Steel</a></td> <td align="right">10th</td> <td>31.1 million tonnes<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a></td> <td>2024</td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Steel_Association" title="World Steel Association">World Steel Association</a>/<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=raw-steel&graph=production">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td>Iran plans to increase steel production to 35 mn tonnes/year by 2015 and to 55 mn tonnes by 2020<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_aluminium_oxide_production" title="List of countries by aluminium oxide production">Aluminium oxide</a></td> <td align="right">26th</td> <td>130,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bauxite#Production_trends" title="Bauxite">Bauxite</a></td> <td align="right">10th</td> <td>500,000 tonnes</td> <td>2008</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_copper_production" title="List of countries by copper production">Copper</a></td> <td align="right">12th</td> <td>249,100 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_aluminium_production" title="List of countries by aluminium production">Aluminium</a></td> <td align="right">17th</td> <td>457,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_aluminium_production" title="List of countries by aluminium production">List of countries by aluminium production</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_cement_production" title="List of countries by cement production">Cement</a></td> <td align="right">5th[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</td> <td align="right">45 million tonnes<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></td> <td>2009</td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_cement_production" title="List of countries by cement production">List of countries by cement production</a> <a class="external text" href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Cement_Production.JPG">Pie Chart of World's Production</a></td> <td>Iran ranks 10th globally in terms of cement export<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_iron_ore_production" title="List of countries by iron ore production">Iron</a></td> <td align="right">7th</td> <td>75 million tonnes</td> <td>2024</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_manganese_production" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by manganese production">Manganese</a></td> <td align="right">12th</td> <td>115,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Strontium#Occurrence" title="Strontium">Strontium</a></td> <td align="right">5th</td> <td></td> <td>2007</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td>World's 5th largest producer of strontium </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_zinc_production" title="List of countries by zinc production">Zinc</a></td> <td align="right">14th</td> <td>166,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chromium#Production" title="Chromium">Chromium production</a></td> <td align="right">5th</td> <td></td> <td>2002</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td>Iran produces more than 4% of world's production </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_feldspar_production" title="List of countries by feldspar production">Feldspar</a></td> <td align="right">12th</td> <td>411,807 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_bentonite_production#List_of_producing_countries" title="List of countries by bentonite production">Bentonite</a></td> <td align="right">12th</td> <td>186,323 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td>Alternatively ranked at 13th by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">Molybdenum</a></td> <td align="right">9th</td> <td>2,000 tonnes<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></td> <td>2005</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_salt_production" title="List of countries by salt production">Sodium Chloride</a></td> <td align="right">15th</td> <td>620,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td>~1.25% of world's production </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baryte#Mineral_associations_and_locations" title="Baryte">Baryte</a></td> <td align="right">6th</td> <td>290,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=barite&graph=production">Baryte Production Rankings</a></td> <td>~3.67% of world's production </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gypsum#Occurrence" title="Gypsum">Gypsum</a></td> <td align="right">2nd</td> <td></td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td>Iran is the world's second largest producer after China </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Iron_ore#Production_and_consumption" title="Iron ore">Iron ore</a></td> <td align="right">9th</td> <td>35 million tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=perlite&graph=production">Perlite</a></td> <td align="right">10th</td> <td>30,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">Silver</a></td> <td align="right">19th</td> <td>90 tonnes</td> <td>2008</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081219161548/http://www.silverinstitute.org/production.php">The Silver Institute</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turquoise#Iran" title="Turquoise">Turquoise</a></td> <td align="right">1st</td> <td></td> <td>2010</td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</td> <td>Iran is the world's oldest, finest and largest producer of <a href="/wiki/Turquoise" title="Turquoise">turquoise</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=soda-ash&graph=production">Soda Ash</a></td> <td align="right">20th</td> <td>140,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=quicklime&graph=production">Quicklime, hydrated lime including Dead-Burned Dolomite</a></td> <td align="right">13th</td> <td>2.5 million tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=iron-oxide&graph=production">Natural iron oxide</a></td> <td align="right">9th</td> <td>2,600 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=mica&graph=production">Mica</a></td> <td align="right">9th</td> <td>7,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=magnesite&graph=production">Magnesite</a></td> <td align="right">13th</td> <td>90,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=lead&graph=production">Lead</a></td> <td align="right">16th</td> <td>24,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=kaolin&graph=production">Kaolin</a></td> <td align="right">12th</td> <td>550,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=sand&graph=production">Industrial silica</a></td> <td align="right">14th</td> <td>1.9 million tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=cement&graph=production">Hydraulic cement</a></td> <td align="right">14th</td> <td>32.7 million tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_gold_production" title="List of countries by gold production">Gold</a></td> <td align="right">66th</td> <td>0.85 tonnes</td> <td>2008</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=ferrochromium&graph=production">Ferrochromium</a></td> <td align="right">14th</td> <td>8,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=diatomite&graph=production">Diatomite</a></td> <td align="right">20th</td> <td>8,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=celestite&graph=production">Celestite</a></td> <td align="right">6th</td> <td>7,500 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=boron&graph=production">Boron</a></td> <td align="right">9th</td> <td>3,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=asbestos&graph=production">Asbestos</a></td> <td align="right">9th</td> <td>5,000 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=arsenic&graph=production">Arsenic</a></td> <td align="right">11th</td> <td>100 tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=ammonia&graph=production">Ammonia</a></td> <td align="right">21st</td> <td>1.02 million tonnes</td> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">US Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nepheline_syenite" title="Nepheline syenite">Nepheline syenite</a></td> <td align="right">4th</td> <td>75,000 tonnes<a href="#cite_note-bgs.ac.uk-89">[89]</a></td> <td>2007</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phosphorite" title="Phosphorite">Phosphorite</a></td> <td align="right">27th</td> <td>62,000 tonnes<a href="#cite_note-bgs.ac.uk-89">[89]</a></td> <td>2011</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" title="Sulfur">Sulfur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pyrite" title="Pyrite">Pyrite</a></td> <td align="right">12th</td> <td>1.6 million tonnes<a href="#cite_note-bgs.ac.uk-89">[89]</a></td> <td>2011</td> <td><a href="/wiki/British_Geological_Survey" title="British Geological Survey">British Geological Survey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">Uranium</a></td> <td align="right">13th</td> <td>71 tonnes</td> <td>2018</td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Nuclear_Association" title="World Nuclear Association">World Nuclear Association</a></td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mines">Mines</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Mines">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mehdiabad_mine" title="Mehdiabad mine">Mehdiabad mine</a> (Lead, Zinc)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sungun_copper_mine" title="Sungun copper mine">Sungun copper mine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Industries_and_Mines_(Iran)" title="Ministry of Industries and Mines (Iran)">Ministry of Industries and Mines (Iran)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Geoscience_Database_of_Iran" title="National Geoscience Database of Iran">National Geoscience Database of Iran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Chamber_of_Commerce,_Industries,_Mines_%26_Agriculture" title="Iran Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines & Agriculture">Iran Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines & Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_of_Iran" title="Industry of Iran">Industry of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction_industry_of_Iran" title="Construction industry of Iran">Construction industry of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroleum_industry_in_Iran" title="Petroleum industry in Iran">Petroleum industry in Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_Oil_Company" title="National Iranian Oil Company">National Iranian Oil Company</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Iran" title="List of companies of Iran">List of companies of Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Industry_and_Mine" title="Bank of Industry and Mine">Bank of Industry and Mine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMIDRO" title="IMIDRO">IMIDRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HEPCO" title="HEPCO">HEPCO</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iran" title="Economy of Iran">Economy of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privatization_in_Iran" title="Privatization in Iran">Privatization in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment_in_Iran" title="Foreign direct investment in Iran">Foreign direct investment in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Iran" title="International rankings of Iran">International rankings of Iran</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infomine.com/countries/iran.asp">"Mining in Iran – CountryMine"</a>. InfoMine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111102164724/http://www.infomine.com/countries/iran.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 2 November 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mining+in+Iran+%E2%80%93+CountryMine&rft.pub=InfoMine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infomine.com%2Fcountries%2Firan.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-iran-daily.com-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iran-daily.com_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iran-daily.com_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090515001531/http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3267/html/economy.htm">"Iran's Power in Power Plants"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3267/html/economy.htm">the original</a> on 15 May 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+Power+in+Power+Plants&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1387%2F3267%2Fhtml%2Feconomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceD-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceD_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceD_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iran-daily.com/newspaper/page/4881/4/18108/0">"دسترسی غیر مجاز"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150620161502/http://iran-daily.com/newspaper/page/4881/4/18108/0">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C+%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B1+%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Firan-daily.com%2Fnewspaper%2Fpage%2F4881%2F4%2F18108%2F0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> US Geological Survey, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/iron_ore/mcs-2013-feore.pdf">Mineral commodity summary: iron ore</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130811064247/http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/iron_ore/mcs-2013-feore.pdf">Archived</a> 11 August 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-tehrantimes.com-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tehrantimes.com_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tehrantimes.com_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111124141956/http://www.tehrantimes.com/index.php/economy-and-business/92737-irans-copper-output-will-increase-35-fold">"'Iran's copper output will increase 3.5-fold' - Tehran Times"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tehrantimes.com/index.php/economy-and-business/92737-irans-copper-output-will-increase-35-fold">the original</a> on 24 November 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Iran%27s+copper+output+will+increase+3.5-fold%27+-+Tehran+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tehrantimes.com%2Findex.php%2Feconomy-and-business%2F92737-irans-copper-output-will-increase-35-fold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081021050544/http://www.irtp.com/howto/partner/partner/chap2/chap2iii.htm">"Archived copy"</a>. Archived from the original on 21 October 2008. Retrieved 15 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irtp.com%2Fhowto%2Fpartner%2Fpartner%2Fchap2%2Fchap2iii.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111007173439/http://www.iraniantrade.org/doinbiz/econ.asp">"Iran's Economy"</a>. Iraniantrade.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iraniantrade.org/doinbiz/econ.asp">the original</a> on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+Economy&rft.pub=Iraniantrade.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iraniantrade.org%2Fdoinbiz%2Fecon.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.earthstonegroup.com/blog/?p=709">"Archived copy"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305210552/http://earthstonegroup.com/blog?p=709">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.earthstonegroup.com%2Fblog%2F%3Fp%3D709&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170828225200/http://austriantrade.org/ae/events/Iran.pdf">"advantageaustria.org – official business portal Austria (B2B, import, export, Austrian products, investment)"</a> (PDF). Austriantrade.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://austriantrade.org/ae/events/Iran.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=advantageaustria.org+%E2%80%93+official+business+portal+Austria+%28B2B%2C+import%2C+export%2C+Austrian+products%2C+investment%29&rft.pub=Austriantrade.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faustriantrade.org%2Fae%2Fevents%2FIran.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/18954/irans_islamic_revolution_and_its_future.html">"Iran's Islamic Revolution and Its Future – Harvard – Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs"</a>. Belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110802090530/http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/18954/irans_islamic_revolution_and_its_future.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2 August 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+Islamic+Revolution+and+Its+Future+%E2%80%93+Harvard+%E2%80%93+Belfer+Center+for+Science+and+International+Affairs&rft.pub=Belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbelfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu%2Fpublication%2F18954%2Firans_islamic_revolution_and_its_future.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-gypsum.pdf">USGS Gypsum Production Statistics</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-molybdenum.pdf">USGS Molybdenum Production Statistics</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-antimony.pdf">USGS Antimony Production Statistics</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-iron-ore.pdf">USGS Iron Ore Production Statistics</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-sulfur.pdf">USGS Sulfur Production Statistics</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2021/mcs2021-salt.pdf">USGS Salt Production Statistics</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf23.html">World Uranium Mining</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mining-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mining_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mining_18-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3267/html/economy.htm">Iran daily: Iran Top Mineral Producer</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090515001531/http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3267/html/economy.htm">Archived</a> 15 May 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 21 June 2009 </li> <li id="cite_note-Turq9-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Turq9_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turq9_19-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Mar11.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110812093858/http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Mar11.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turquoisepartners.com%2Firaninvestment%2FIIM-Mar11.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090921191714/http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3476/html/economy.htm">"Mineral Processing More Profitable"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3476/html/economy.htm">the original</a> on 21 September 2009. Retrieved 9 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mineral+Processing+More+Profitable&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1388%2F3476%2Fhtml%2Feconomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_21-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_21-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_21-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1389/4/13/MainPaper/3720/Page/4/Index.htm">"No. 3720 | Domestic Economy | Page 4"</a>. Irandaily. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629172841/http://www.iran-daily.com/1389/4/13/MainPaper/3720/Page/4/Index.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=No.+3720+%26%23124%3B+Domestic+Economy+%26%23124%3B+Page+4&rft.pub=Irandaily&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1389%2F4%2F13%2FMainPaper%2F3720%2FPage%2F4%2FIndex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-AprMay12.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131031023806/http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-AprMay12.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turquoisepartners.com%2Firaninvestment%2FIIM-AprMay12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dmk.ir/en/07-2.html">Supreme Audit Court – Official Website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120209180333/http://www.dmk.ir/en/07-2.html">Archived</a> 9 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTOGMC/Resources/336099-1236292308783/humphreys_Emerging_players_%2897v%29.pdf">"Welcome to World Bank Intranet"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121020095258/http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTOGMC/Resources/336099-1236292308783/humphreys_Emerging_players_(97v).pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 28 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+to+World+Bank+Intranet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsiteresources.worldbank.org%2FINTOGMC%2FResources%2F336099-1236292308783%2Fhumphreys_Emerging_players_%252897v%2529.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081210233119/http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3290/html/economy.htm">"Iran Daily - Domestic Economy - 12/08/08"</a>. www.iran-daily.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3290/html/economy.htm">the original</a> on 10 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.iran-daily.com&rft.atitle=Iran+Daily+-+Domestic+Economy+-+12%2F08%2F08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1387%2F3290%2Fhtml%2Feconomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081216042304/http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3281/html/economy.htm">"US Sanctions Boomerang"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3281/html/economy.htm">the original</a> on 16 December 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+Sanctions+Boomerang&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1387%2F3281%2Fhtml%2Feconomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727122944/http://ngdir.org/minemineral/MineMineralChapterDetail.asp?PID=6596">"National Geoscience Database of IRAN - Mine Mineral"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ngdir.org/minemineral/MineMineralChapterDetail.asp?PID=6596">the original</a> on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Geoscience+Database+of+IRAN+-+Mine+Mineral&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fngdir.org%2Fminemineral%2FMineMineralChapterDetail.asp%3FPID%3D6596&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/strontium/stronmcs07.pdf">"Strontium Statistics and Information"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100603155218/http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/strontium/stronmcs07.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 3 June 2010. Retrieved 17 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strontium+Statistics+and+Information&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fminerals.usgs.gov%2Fminerals%2Fpubs%2Fcommodity%2Fstrontium%2Fstronmcs07.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.etdb.org/StrategiesAndResearch/Countries/CSPReports/ReportsLibrary/IRAN.pdf">http://www.etdb.org/StrategiesAndResearch/Countries/CSPReports/ReportsLibrary/IRAN.pdf</a> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gtcir.com/GTCContent%5C2_Market%20Information%5C1_Iran%20Market%5C1_Iran%20at%20a%20glance%5CeContent.html">"Iran at glance"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081113132205/http://www.gtcir.com/GTCContent/2_Market%20Information/1_Iran%20Market/1_Iran%20at%20a%20glance/eContent.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2008. Retrieved 28 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+at+glance&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gtcir.com%2FGTCContent%255C2_Market%2520Information%255C1_Iran%2520Market%255C1_Iran%2520at%2520a%2520glance%255CeContent.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.preciousgemstones.com/gfsum03.html#1">"Gemstone Forecaster Vol. 21, No. 2"</a>. Preciousgemstones.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110929215212/http://www.preciousgemstones.com/gfsum03.html#1">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gemstone+Forecaster+Vol.+21%2C+No.+2&rft.pub=Preciousgemstones.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.preciousgemstones.com%2Fgfsum03.html%231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asafan.com/">"Faniran industrial group"</a>. Asafan.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707172434/http://www.asafan.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Faniran+industrial+group&rft.pub=Asafan.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asafan.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiddellMiller1991" class="citation book cs1">Liddell, F. D. K.; Miller, Klara (4 June 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JYPidQ_RO0gC&q=attapulgite+production+iran&pg=PA32">Mineral fibers and health – Douglas Liddell, Klara Miller – Google Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780849366468" title="Special:BookSources/9780849366468"><bdi>9780849366468</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mineral+fibers+and+health+%E2%80%93+Douglas+Liddell%2C+Klara+Miller+%E2%80%93+Google+Books&rft.date=1991-06-04&rft.isbn=9780849366468&rft.aulast=Liddell&rft.aufirst=F.+D.+K.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Klara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJYPidQ_RO0gC%26q%3Dattapulgite%2Bproduction%2Biran%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928044959/http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/1075101/the_2009_import_and_export_market_for.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/1075101/the_2009_import_and_export_market_for.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 15 March 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchandmarkets.com%2Freports%2F1075101%2Fthe_2009_import_and_export_market_for.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFResearch_and_Markets_ltd" class="citation web cs1">Research and Markets ltd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120224030646/http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/1bfcd4/the_2009_import_an">"The 2009 Import and Export Market for Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Rare Earth Metals, Scandium, and Yttrium in Iran – Market Research Reports"</a>. Research and Markets. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.researchandmarkets.com/research/1bfcd4/the_2009_import_an">the original</a> on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+2009+Import+and+Export+Market+for+Calcium%2C+Strontium%2C+Barium%2C+Rare+Earth+Metals%2C+Scandium%2C+and+Yttrium+in+Iran+%E2%80%93+Market+Research+Reports&rft.pub=Research+and+Markets&rft.au=Research+and+Markets+ltd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchandmarkets.com%2Fresearch%2F1bfcd4%2Fthe_2009_import_an&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranmining.com/Mines/eindex.asp?Lang=EN&Dir=431">"Iran Mining"</a>. Iran Mining. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111105195933/http://www.iranmining.com/Mines/eindex.asp?Lang=EN&Dir=431">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+Mining&rft.pub=Iran+Mining&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranmining.com%2FMines%2Feindex.asp%3FLang%3DEN%26Dir%3D431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mindat.org/min-26600.html">"Herbertsmithite: Mineral information, data and localities"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121103163928/http://www.mindat.org/min-26600.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Herbertsmithite%3A+Mineral+information%2C+data+and+localities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mindat.org%2Fmin-26600.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IRNA-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IRNA_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IRNA_38-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.payvand.com/news/08/nov/1148.html">IRNA:Iran: $30 Billion Dollar to be invested in industry</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081210031255/http://www.payvand.com/news/08/nov/1148.html">Archived</a> 10 December 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 15 November 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-bloomberg.com-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bloomberg.com_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bloomberg.com_39-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bloomberg.com_39-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601104&sid=a1rzkB_rOKok">"Iran Plans to Produce 250,000 Tons of Copper in Year to March"</a> retrieved 28 November 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-steelorbis.com-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-steelorbis.com_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-steelorbis.com_40-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.steelorbis.com/steel-news/latest-news/iran-halts-iron-ore-concentrate-exports-527369.htm">"Iran halts iron ore concentrate exports"</a>. Steelorbis.com. 26 April 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716133846/http://www.steelorbis.com/steel-news/latest-news/iran-halts-iron-ore-concentrate-exports-527369.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 16 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+halts+iron+ore+concentrate+exports&rft.pub=Steelorbis.com&rft.date=2010-04-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.steelorbis.com%2Fsteel-news%2Flatest-news%2Firan-halts-iron-ore-concentrate-exports-527369.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tehrantimes.com/Index_view.asp?code=215090">"Iran world's 8th iron ore producer: report"</a>. Tehran Times. 27 February 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613213412/http://www.tehrantimes.com/Index_view.asp?code=215090">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tehran+Times&rft.atitle=Iran+world%27s+8th+iron+ore+producer%3A+report&rft.date=2010-02-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tehrantimes.com%2FIndex_view.asp%3Fcode%3D215090&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Nov11.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111221110531/http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Nov11.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 21 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turquoisepartners.com%2Firaninvestment%2FIIM-Nov11.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-turquoisepartners.com-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-turquoisepartners.com_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-turquoisepartners.com_43-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-turquoisepartners.com_43-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Aug10.pdf">"Iran Investment Monthly Aug 2010.pdf"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120123035345/http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Aug10.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 23 January 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+Investment+Monthly+Aug+2010.pdf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turquoisepartners.com%2Firaninvestment%2FIIM-Aug10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.alibaba.com/article/detail/metalworking/100288243-1-iran%2527s-state-owned-miners-produce-25%252C433%252C000.html">"Iran's state-owned miners produce 25,433,000 mt of iron ore in last Iranian year"</a>. News.alibaba.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111005154338/http://news.alibaba.com/article/detail/metalworking/100288243-1-iran%27s-state-owned-miners-produce-25%2C433%2C000.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+state-owned+miners+produce+25%2C433%2C000+mt+of+iron+ore+in+last+Iranian+year&rft.pub=News.alibaba.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.alibaba.com%2Farticle%2Fdetail%2Fmetalworking%2F100288243-1-iran%252527s-state-owned-miners-produce-25%25252C433%25252C000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BYI-45"><a href="#cite_ref-BYI_45-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyseNashLeland2013" class="citation book cs1">Ayse, Valentine; Nash, Jason John; Leland, Rice (January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161227193349/http://www.investiniran.ir/en/filepool/26?redirectpage=%2Fen%2Febook">The Business Year 2013: Iran</a>. London, UK: The Business Year. p. 90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-908180-11-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-908180-11-7"><bdi>978-1-908180-11-7</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.investiniran.ir/en/filepool/26?redirectpage=%2fen%2febook">the original</a> on 27 December 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Business+Year+2013%3A+Iran&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pages=90&rft.pub=The+Business+Year&rft.date=2013-01&rft.isbn=978-1-908180-11-7&rft.aulast=Ayse&rft.aufirst=Valentine&rft.au=Nash%2C+Jason+John&rft.au=Leland%2C+Rice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.investiniran.ir%2Fen%2Ffilepool%2F26%3Fredirectpage%3D%252fen%252febook&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121101040512/http://www.tehrantimes.com/economy-and-business/102834-large-sponge-iron-plant-comes-on-stream-in-southern-iran">"Large sponge iron plant comes on stream in southern Iran - Tehran Times"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tehrantimes.com/economy-and-business/102834-large-sponge-iron-plant-comes-on-stream-in-southern-iran">the original</a> on 1 November 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Large+sponge+iron+plant+comes+on+stream+in+southern+Iran+-+Tehran+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tehrantimes.com%2Feconomy-and-business%2F102834-large-sponge-iron-plant-comes-on-stream-in-southern-iran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HttpwwwturquoisepartnerscomiraninvestmentIIMDecpdf-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HttpwwwturquoisepartnerscomiraninvestmentIIMDecpdf_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HttpwwwturquoisepartnerscomiraninvestmentIIMDecpdf_47-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Dec10.pdf">"Iran Investment Monthly Dec 2010.pdf"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120306000343/http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Dec10.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 6 March 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+Investment+Monthly+Dec+2010.pdf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turquoisepartners.com%2Firaninvestment%2FIIM-Dec10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Jul12.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140317021234/http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Jul12.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 17 March 2014. Retrieved 23 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turquoisepartners.com%2Firaninvestment%2FIIM-Jul12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Httpwwwirandailycomhtmleconomyhtm-49">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Httpwwwirandailycomhtmleconomyhtm_49-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Httpwwwirandailycomhtmleconomyhtm_49-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090620074406/http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3426/html/economy.htm">"Aviation Giants Shut Out"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3426/html/economy.htm">the original</a> on 20 June 2009. Retrieved 19 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aviation+Giants+Shut+Out&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1388%2F3426%2Fhtml%2Feconomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IranDaily-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IranDaily_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IranDaily_50-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3426/html/economy.htm">Steel Output up</a> Iran Daily <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090620074406/http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3426/html/economy.htm">Archived</a> 20 June 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927084940/http://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.asp?StoryId=1093293675">"Iran's steel output grows 4% in 9 months"</a>. Menafn.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.menafn.com/qn_news_story_s.asp?StoryId=1093293675">the original</a> on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+steel+output+grows+4%25+in+9+months&rft.pub=Menafn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.menafn.com%2Fqn_news_story_s.asp%3FStoryId%3D1093293675&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smooth-52">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Smooth_52-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Smooth_52-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090826115545/http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3479/html/economy.htm">"Smooth Sailing"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3479/html/economy.htm">the original</a> on 26 August 2009. Retrieved 9 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Smooth+Sailing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1388%2F3479%2Fhtml%2Feconomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bonab-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bonab_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bonab_53-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Jul10.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160205173835/http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Jul10.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 5 February 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turquoisepartners.com%2Firaninvestment%2FIIM-Jul10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.payvand.com/news/12/jan/1032.html">"Photos: Modern steel ingot plant inaugurated in Hormozgan province of Iran"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120522134635/http://www.payvand.com/news/12/jan/1032.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photos%3A+Modern+steel+ingot+plant+inaugurated+in+Hormozgan+province+of+Iran&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.payvand.com%2Fnews%2F12%2Fjan%2F1032.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090614045854/http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3421/html/economy.htm">"Iran daily: Steel Self-sufficiency"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3421/html/economy.htm">the original</a> on 14 June 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+daily%3A+Steel+Self-sufficiency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1388%2F3421%2Fhtml%2Feconomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=210789">"Iran to boost steel production capacity"</a>. tehran times. 28 December 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614085104/http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=210789">Archived</a> from the original on 14 June 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tehran+times&rft.atitle=Iran+to+boost+steel+production+capacity&rft.date=2009-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tehrantimes.com%2Findex_View.asp%3Fcode%3D210789&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.payvand.com/news/10/jan/1230.html">"Iran, World's 16th Steel Producer: Report"</a>. Payvand.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629083847/http://www.payvand.com/news/10/jan/1230.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran%2C+World%27s+16th+Steel+Producer%3A+Report&rft.pub=Payvand.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.payvand.com%2Fnews%2F10%2Fjan%2F1230.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-58">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_58-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_58-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090929080316/http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3482/html/economy.htm">"French Subsidies Under Fire"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/3482/html/economy.htm#s400458">the original</a> on 29 September 2009. Retrieved 17 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=French+Subsidies+Under+Fire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1388%2F3482%2Fhtml%2Feconomy.htm%23s400458&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150215075215/http://www.transworldnews.com/1098761/c1/iran-metals-report-q3-2012-new-market-research-report">"Iran Metals Report Q3 2012 - new market research report"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transworldnews.com/1098761/c1/iran-metals-report-q3-2012-new-market-research-report">the original</a> on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 11 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+Metals+Report+Q3+2012+-+new+market+research+report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.transworldnews.com%2F1098761%2Fc1%2Firan-metals-report-q3-2012-new-market-research-report&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Iran-60">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Iran_60-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iran_60-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Market Profile for Iran", Energy and Electricity Forecast, <a href="/wiki/Economist_Intelligence_Unit" title="Economist Intelligence Unit">Economist Intelligence Unit</a>, 18 June 2008</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Market+Profile+for+Iran&rft.btitle=Energy+and+Electricity+Forecast&rft.pub=Economist+Intelligence+Unit&rft.date=2008-06-18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parstimes.com/business/uranium_reserves.html">"Iran's Uranium Reserves"</a>. Parstimes.com. 23 June 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107074124/http://www.parstimes.com/business/uranium_reserves.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+Uranium+Reserves&rft.pub=Parstimes.com&rft.date=2002-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parstimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Furanium_reserves.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlimasinska2008" class="citation web cs1">Klimasinska, Katarzyna (28 November 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601104&sid=a1rzkB_rOKok">"Iran Plans to Produce 250,000 Tons of Copper in Year to March"</a>. Bloomberg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+Plans+to+Produce+250%2C000+Tons+of+Copper+in+Year+to+March&rft.pub=Bloomberg&rft.date=2008-11-28&rft.aulast=Klimasinska&rft.aufirst=Katarzyna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%3Fpid%3D20601104%26sid%3Da1rzkB_rOKok&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1389/8/22/MainPaper/3820/Page/4/Index.htm#">"No. 3820 | Domestic Economy | Page 4"</a>. Iran Daily. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629174831/http://www.iran-daily.com/1389/8/22/MainPaper/3820/Page/4/Index.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iran+Daily&rft.atitle=No.+3820+%26%23124%3B+Domestic+Economy+%26%23124%3B+Page+4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1389%2F8%2F22%2FMainPaper%2F3820%2FPage%2F4%2FIndex.htm%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iran/2009/iran-090303-irna02.htm">"Iran's uranium reserves inexhaustible"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110829050018/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iran/2009/iran-090303-irna02.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+uranium+reserves+inexhaustible&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalsecurity.org%2Fwmd%2Flibrary%2Fnews%2Firan%2F2009%2Firan-090303-irna02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/iran/mines.htm">"Uranium Mines - Iran Special Weapons Facilities"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120118034612/http://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/world/iran/mines.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 7 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Uranium+Mines+-+Iran+Special+Weapons+Facilities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalsecurity.org%2Fwmd%2Fworld%2Firan%2Fmines.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/mining-of-uranium/world-uranium-mining-production.aspx">World Uranium Mining Production</a> www.world-nuclear.org. Retrieved 3 March 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tahlilbazaar.com/news/22600/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%AC-%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC-%DB%B2%DB%B2-%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C">Mines of Mazandaran; Extraction of 22 million minerals</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-payvand.com-68">^ <a href="#cite_ref-payvand.com_68-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-payvand.com_68-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.payvand.com/news/10/jul/1026.html">"Iran to rank 10th in copper production"</a>. Payvand.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629092920/http://www.payvand.com/news/10/jul/1026.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+to+rank+10th+in+copper+production&rft.pub=Payvand.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.payvand.com%2Fnews%2F10%2Fjul%2F1026.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1390/1/29/MainPaper/3934/Page/4/Index.htm#">"No. 3934 | Domestic Economy | Page 4"</a>. Iran Daily. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110907065906/http://www.iran-daily.com/1390/1/29/MainPaper/3934/Page/4/Index.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iran+Daily&rft.atitle=No.+3934+%26%23124%3B+Domestic+Economy+%26%23124%3B+Page+4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1390%2F1%2F29%2FMainPaper%2F3934%2FPage%2F4%2FIndex.htm%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Archived_copy-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Archived_copy_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Archived_copy_70-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Archived_copy_70-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120414052910/http://www.tehrantimes.com/economy-and-business/96817-iran-discovers-three-gold-reserves">"Iran discovers three gold reserves - Tehran Times"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tehrantimes.com/economy-and-business/96817-iran-discovers-three-gold-reserves">the original</a> on 14 April 2012. Retrieved 15 April 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+discovers+three+gold+reserves+-+Tehran+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tehrantimes.com%2Feconomy-and-business%2F96817-iran-discovers-three-gold-reserves&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210115184642/http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3266/html/economy.htm">"Archived copy"</a>. www.iran-daily.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1387/3266/html/economy.htm">the original</a> on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.iran-daily.com&rft.atitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1387%2F3266%2Fhtml%2Feconomy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-fars-72"><a href="#cite_ref-fars_72-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=8120000009">"Iran's Biggest Gold Mine Reserves Stand at 4mln tons"</a>. Fars News Agency. 9 April 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120314145759/http://english.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=8120000009">Archived</a> from the original on 14 March 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran%27s+Biggest+Gold+Mine+Reserves+Stand+at+4mln+tons&rft.date=2011-04-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.farsnews.com%2Fnewstext.php%3Fnn%3D8120000009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.payvand.com/news/14/nov/1098.html">"Photos: Iran opens largest Middle East gold plant, doubling production"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141118005107/http://www.payvand.com/news/14/nov/1098.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 November 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photos%3A+Iran+opens+largest+Middle+East+gold+plant%2C+doubling+production&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.payvand.com%2Fnews%2F14%2Fnov%2F1098.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://parstoday.com/en/news/iran-i128323-iran_finds_deposit_with_8_tonnes_of_gold_reserves">"Iran finds deposit with 8 tonnes of gold reserves"</a>. ParsToday. Retrieved 3 March 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100407032918/http://steelguru.com/news/index/2009/11/15/MTIwNDE3/Iran_to_construct_cement_plants_in_9_countries.html">"Iran to construct cement plants in 9 countries – 120417 – 2009-11-15"</a>. Steel Guru. 15 November 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://steelguru.com/news/index/2009/11/15/MTIwNDE3/Iran_to_construct_cement_plants_in_9_countries.html">the original</a> on 7 April 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+to+construct+cement+plants+in+9+countries+%E2%80%93+120417+%E2%80%93+2009-11-15&rft.pub=Steel+Guru&rft.date=2009-11-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsteelguru.com%2Fnews%2Findex%2F2009%2F11%2F15%2FMTIwNDE3%2FIran_to_construct_cement_plants_in_9_countries.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=213927">"Iran exports cement to 40 countries"</a>. tehran times. 7 February 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613211907/http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=213927">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tehran+times&rft.atitle=Iran+exports+cement+to+40+countries&rft.date=2010-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tehrantimes.com%2Findex_View.asp%3Fcode%3D213927&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-77"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_77-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081210031255/http://www.payvand.com/news/08/nov/1148.html">"IRNA:Iran: $30 Billion Dollar to be invested in industry"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.payvand.com/news/08/nov/1148.html">the original</a> on 10 December 2008. Retrieved 17 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IRNA%3AIran%3A+%2430+Billion+Dollar+to+be+invested+in+industry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.payvand.com%2Fnews%2F08%2Fnov%2F1148.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Turquoise-78">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Turquoise_78-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turquoise_78-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turquoise_78-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Oct10.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> (PDF). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101214141840/http://www.turquoisepartners.com/iraninvestment/IIM-Oct10.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 14 December 2010. Retrieved 31 October 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turquoisepartners.com%2Firaninvestment%2FIIM-Oct10.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080723094637/http://www.austrade.gov.au/Mining-to-Iran/default.aspx">"Mining to Iran - for Australian exporters - Austrade"</a>. www.austrade.gov.au. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.austrade.gov.au/Mining-to-Iran/default.aspx">the original</a> on 23 July 2008. Retrieved 12 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.austrade.gov.au&rft.atitle=Mining+to+Iran+-+for+Australian+exporters+-+Austrade&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.austrade.gov.au%2FMining-to-Iran%2Fdefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304105751/http://www.irinn.ir/Default.aspx?TabId=56&nid=200426">"پایگاه اطلاع رسانی شبکه خبر صدا و سیمای جمهوری اسلامی ایران"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irinn.ir/Default.aspx?TabId=56&nid=200426">the original</a> on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87+%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9+%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C+%D8%B4%D8%A8%DA%A9%D9%87+%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1+%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%A7+%D9%88+%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C+%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C+%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C+%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irinn.ir%2FDefault.aspx%3FTabId%3D56%26nid%3D200426&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130105120000/http://www.zawya.com/story.cfm/sidZAWYA20100923045258/Iran's%20Steel%20Production%20Capacity%20At%2020m%20Tons%20">"Steel Production Capacity at 20m Tons"</a>. Zawya. 23 September 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zawya.com/story.cfm/sidZAWYA20100923045258/Iran's%20Steel%20Production%20Capacity%20At%2020m%20Tons%20">the original</a> on 5 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Steel+Production+Capacity+at+20m+Tons&rft.pub=Zawya&rft.date=2010-09-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zawya.com%2Fstory.cfm%2FsidZAWYA20100923045258%2FIran%27s%2520Steel%2520Production%2520Capacity%2520At%252020m%2520Tons%2520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110715170434/http://www.refractories-worldforum.com/global-news/130-steel-production-capacity-at-20-mt.html">"Steel Production Capacity at 20 Mt"</a>. Refractories-worldforum.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.refractories-worldforum.com/global-news/130-steel-production-capacity-at-20-mt.html">the original</a> on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Steel+Production+Capacity+at+20+Mt&rft.pub=Refractories-worldforum.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.refractories-worldforum.com%2Fglobal-news%2F130-steel-production-capacity-at-20-mt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110823052213/http://news.imidro.org/en/magazines%3Dno.30/categories%3D2/news%3D578/show.aspx">"Mining & Development Information & News Center | Issue No. 30 | News : Page 2 | Iran's Steel Production Capacity to Hit 35 mt in 5 Years"</a>. News.imidro.org. 1 February 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.imidro.org/en/magazines=no.30/categories=2/news=578/show.aspx">the original</a> on 23 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mining+%26+Development+Information+%26+News+Center+%26%23124%3B+Issue+No.+30+%26%23124%3B+News+%3A+Page+2+%26%23124%3B+Iran%27s+Steel+Production+Capacity+to+Hit+35+mt+in+5+Years&rft.pub=News.imidro.org&rft.date=2010-02-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.imidro.org%2Fen%2Fmagazines%3Dno.30%2Fcategories%3D2%2Fnews%3D578%2Fshow.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.mining.com/2010/02/15/iransteel-production-capacity-to-cross-35-mln-tons-in-next-5-years/">"Mining News"</a>. Retrieved 22 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mining+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.mining.com%2F2010%2F02%2F15%2Firansteel-production-capacity-to-cross-35-mln-tons-in-next-5-years%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120718105810/http://steelguru.com/news/index/2010/03/24/MTM4MDky/Iran_ranks_as_9th_largest_cement_producer_in_2009.html">"Iran ranks as 9th largest cement producer in 2009 – 138092 – 2010-03-24"</a>. Steel Guru. 24 March 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://steelguru.com/news/index/2010/03/24/MTM4MDky/Iran_ranks_as_9th_largest_cement_producer_in_2009.html">the original</a> on 18 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Iran+ranks+as+9th+largest+cement+producer+in+2009+%E2%80%93+138092+%E2%80%93+2010-03-24&rft.pub=Steel+Guru&rft.date=2010-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsteelguru.com%2Fnews%2Findex%2F2010%2F03%2F24%2FMTM4MDky%2FIran_ranks_as_9th_largest_cement_producer_in_2009.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/12/26/MainPaper/3642/Page/4/Index.htm">"No. 3642 | Domestic Economy | Page 4"</a>. Irandaily. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120903223904/http://www.iran-daily.com/1388/12/26/MainPaper/3642/Page/4/Index.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 3 September 2012. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=No.+3642+%26%23124%3B+Domestic+Economy+%26%23124%3B+Page+4&rft.pub=Irandaily&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iran-daily.com%2F1388%2F12%2F26%2FMainPaper%2F3642%2FPage%2F4%2FIndex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=bentonite&graph=production">"Bentonite Production by Country (Metric tons)"</a>. Indexmundi.com. 15 September 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110912221540/http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=bentonite&graph=production">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bentonite+Production+by+Country+%28Metric+tons%29&rft.pub=Indexmundi.com&rft.date=2010-09-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indexmundi.com%2Fminerals%2F%3Fproduct%3Dbentonite%26graph%3Dproduction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=molybdenum&graph=production">"Molybdenum Production by Country (Metric tons of contained molybdenum)"</a>. Indexmundi.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110912221743/http://www.indexmundi.com/minerals/?product=molybdenum&graph=production">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Molybdenum+Production+by+Country+%28Metric+tons+of+contained+molybdenum%29&rft.pub=Indexmundi.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indexmundi.com%2Fminerals%2F%3Fproduct%3Dmolybdenum%26graph%3Dproduction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bgs.ac.uk-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bgs.ac.uk_89-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bgs.ac.uk_89-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bgs.ac.uk_89-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210213004844/https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/downloads/start.cfmid=2701">"Archived copy"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bgs.ac.uk/downloads/start.cfm?id=2701">the original</a> on 13 February 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgs.ac.uk%2Fdownloads%2Fstart.cfm%3Fid%3D2701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMining+in+Iran" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>) </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190922120317/https://www.mimt.gov.ir/">Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade</a> – Iran</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080723090455/http://www.austrade.gov.au/Agribusiness-to-Iran/default.aspx">Annual Reviews</a> – Reports by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Iran" title="Central Bank of Iran">Central Bank of Iran</a>, including statistics about the mining sector in Iran.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061209040027/http://www.iranyellowpages.net/en/about_iran/Economy/mining_sector/mining_sector1.shtm">Iran's Mining Sector</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080723094637/http://www.austrade.gov.au/Mining-to-Iran/default.aspx">Mining to Iran – Australian Trade</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090923150513/http://www.ngdir.ir/Default.asp">National Geoscience Database of Iran</a> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100329114526/http://www.ngdir.ir/MINEMINERAL/MineMineral.asp">Mineral Database of Iran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranmining.com/eindex.asp?">Iran mining & related industries information center</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/1997/9215097.pdf">Mining Industry of Iran 1997</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/ferroalloys/myb1-2006-feall.pdf">Ferroalloys: World production by country, furnace</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160617124930/https://ulbiran.com/Metal.html">Market of Iran</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717134732/http://www.mta.gov.tr/english/dergi/dergi_pdf/71/6.pdf">Importance of mining cooperation between Iran, Turkey and Pakistan</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Specialized reports</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150215075215/http://www.transworldnews.com/1098761/c1/iran-metals-report-q3-2012-new-market-research-report">Iran Metals Report</a> Business Monitor International (2012)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/2002/irmyb02r.pdf">The Mineral Industry of Iran</a> (2002)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Videos</dt></dl> Iran's mining industry - <a href="/wiki/Press_TV" title="Press TV">Press TV</a> (2011): <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wo-V-v15k6M">Part I</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mn8ggtq-jEk">Part II</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&oldid=1247079782">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&oldid=1247079782</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mining_in_Iran" title="Category:Mining in Iran">Mining in Iran</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">CS1 maint: archived copy as title</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">CS1 maint: unfit URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_October_2011" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from October 2011">Articles with dead external links from October 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_November_2019" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from November 2019">Articles with dead external links from November 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_with_empty_Wikidata_description" title="Category:Short description with empty Wikidata description">Short description with empty Wikidata description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2021">Use dmy dates from April 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from July 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2011" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2011">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2011</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 September 2024, at 18:22 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Iran&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-m2jlh","wgBackendResponseTime":171,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.808","walltime":"1.058","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5796,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":147639,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6085,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":20,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":269928,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 891.377 1 -total"," 57.84% 515.571 1 Template:Reflist"," 41.80% 372.567 69 Template:Cite_web"," 14.03% 125.093 9 Template:Fix"," 12.78% 113.919 7 Template:Citation_needed"," 10.85% 96.684 1 Template:Short_description"," 8.19% 73.004 8 Template:See_also"," 7.16% 63.829 18 Template:Category_handler"," 5.93% 52.894 2 Template:Pagetype"," 3.60% 32.055 2 Template:Dead_link"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.443","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6299082,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-pbj4m","timestamp":"20241122144754","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Mining in Iran","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mining_in_Iran","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2719780","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2719780","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-11-05T04:50:37Z","dateModified":"2024-09-22T18:22:16Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e0\/Iran_econ.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>