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searchaux" style="display:none">Geological survey</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">British Geological Survey</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Geological_Survey.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/British_Geological_Survey.png/220px-British_Geological_Survey.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/British_Geological_Survey.png/330px-British_Geological_Survey.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/British_Geological_Survey.png/440px-British_Geological_Survey.png 2x" data-file-width="2199" data-file-height="917" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">BGS</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1835</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Legal status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">Government organisation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Earth_science" title="Earth science">Geoscience</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keyworth" title="Keyworth">Keyworth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nottinghamshire" title="Nottinghamshire">Nottinghamshire</a>, England</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Region served </div></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Director_(business)" title="Director (business)">Director</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karen_Hangh%C3%B8j" title="Karen Hanghøj">Karen Hanghøj</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Parent organisation</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UK_Research_and_Innovation" title="UK Research and Innovation">UK Research and Innovation</a> (via <a href="/wiki/Natural_Environment_Research_Council" title="Natural Environment Research Council">NERC</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-NERC1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NERC1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Budget </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>57m<br /> around 50% from the Science Budget</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgs.ac.uk/">www<wbr />.bgs<wbr />.ac<wbr />.uk</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919304#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>British Geological Survey</b> (<b>BGS</b>) is a partly publicly funded body which aims to advance <a href="/wiki/Earth_science" title="Earth science">geoscientific</a> knowledge of the United Kingdom landmass and its <a href="/wiki/Continental_shelf" title="Continental shelf">continental shelf</a> by means of systematic surveying, monitoring and research. </p><p>The BGS <a href="/wiki/Headquarters" title="Headquarters">headquarters</a> are in <a href="/wiki/Keyworth,_Nottinghamshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Keyworth, Nottinghamshire">Keyworth, Nottinghamshire</a>, England. Its other centres are located in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallingford,_Oxfordshire" title="Wallingford, Oxfordshire">Wallingford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a> and London. The current tagline of the BGS is: <i>Understanding our Earth</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_previous_names">History and previous names</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Geological_Survey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History and previous names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Geological Survey was founded in 1835 by the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Ordnance" title="Board of Ordnance">Board of Ordnance</a> as the Geological Survey of Great Britain, under <a href="/wiki/Directors_of_the_British_Geological_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="Directors of the British Geological Survey">directorship</a> of <a href="/wiki/Henry_De_la_Beche" title="Henry De la Beche">Henry De la Beche</a>. This was the world's first national <a href="/wiki/Geological_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="Geological Survey">geological survey</a>. It remained a branch of the <a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey" title="Ordnance Survey">Ordnance Survey</a> for many years. In 1965, it was merged with the <a href="/wiki/Geological_Museum" title="Geological Museum">Geological Museum</a> and Overseas Geological Surveys, under the name of <b>Institute of Geological Sciences</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 January 1984, the institute was renamed the British Geological Survey (and often referred to as the BGS), a name still carried today.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 1835, there have been 20 directors of the survey. In 2019, <a href="/wiki/Karen_Hangh%C3%B8j" title="Karen Hanghøj">Karen Hanghøj</a> was the first woman appointed to lead the survey.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the 1860s, the survey in Scotland operated under the identity of the Geological Survey of Scotland.<sup id="cite_ref-Scot1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scot1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Starting in 1975, female officers of the survey no longer had to resign upon getting married.<sup id="cite_ref-British_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Competences">Competences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Geological_Survey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Competences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BGS-Roundel.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/BGS-Roundel.png/220px-BGS-Roundel.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/BGS-Roundel.png/330px-BGS-Roundel.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/BGS-Roundel.png/440px-BGS-Roundel.png 2x" data-file-width="913" data-file-height="917" /></a><figcaption>British Geological Survey roundel</figcaption></figure> <p>The BGS advises the <a href="/wiki/British_government" class="mw-redirect" title="British government">British government</a> on all aspects of geoscience, as well as providing impartial advice on <a href="/wiki/Geological" class="mw-redirect" title="Geological">geological</a> matters to the public, academics and industry. BGS is a component body of <a href="/wiki/UK_Research_and_Innovation" title="UK Research and Innovation">UK Research and Innovation</a> which "works in partnership with universities, research organisations, businesses, charities, and government to create the best possible environment for research and innovation to flourish". The core outputs of the BGS include geological, <a href="/wiki/Geophysical" class="mw-redirect" title="Geophysical">geophysical</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geochemical" class="mw-redirect" title="Geochemical">geochemical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hydrogeological" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrogeological">hydrogeological</a> <a href="/wiki/Geologic_map" title="Geologic map">maps</a>, descriptions and related digital databases. Scientists at the BGS produced the first comprehensive map of African groundwater reserves.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the key strategic aims for the next <a href="/wiki/Decade" title="Decade">decade</a> is to complete the transition from <a href="/wiki/Two-dimensional" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-dimensional">2-D</a> <a href="/wiki/Cartography" title="Cartography">mapping</a> to a <a href="/wiki/3D_Computer_Aided_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="3D Computer Aided Design">3-D</a> modelling, to understand the 'architecture' of the subsurface. The current five-year strategy identifies four key priorities for the BGS: 'maps and models for the 21st century; a more secure energy transition; improved water security; and living with geological hazards'.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The BGS has an annual budget of <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>57 million, about half of which comes from the government's science budget, with the remainder coming from commissioned research from the public and private sectors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Northern_Ireland">Northern Ireland</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Geological_Survey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Northern Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Geological Survey of Northern Ireland (GSNI) is part of <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Department_for_the_Economy" title="Department for the Economy">Department for the Economy</a> (DfE). The British Geological Survey provides staff, under contract to DfE, for the GSNI.<sup id="cite_ref-GSNI_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GSNI-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Geological_Survey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geospatial_Commission" title="Geospatial Commission">Geospatial Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_directors_of_the_British_Geological_Survey" title="List of directors of the British Geological Survey">List of directors of the British Geological Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_geology" title="Systems geology">Systems geology</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Geological_Survey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NERC1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NERC1_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgs.ac.uk/about-bgs/">"About BGS – Governance"</a>. British Geological Survey<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+BGS+%E2%80%93+Governance&rft.pub=British+Geological+Survey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgs.ac.uk%2Fabout-bgs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgs.ac.uk/about-bgs/strategy-2023-to-2028/">"BGS Strategy 2023 to 2028"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BGS+Strategy+2023+to+2028&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgs.ac.uk%2Fabout-bgs%2Fstrategy-2023-to-2028%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/27f54ee5-89e2-48d5-aa2d-4d827602e38d">"Institute of Geological Sciences"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Institute+of+Geological+Sciences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fr%2F27f54ee5-89e2-48d5-aa2d-4d827602e38d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgs.ac.uk/about-bgs/our-work/our-history/">"Our history"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+history&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgs.ac.uk%2Fabout-bgs%2Four-work%2Four-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPress2019" class="citation web cs1">Press, B. G. S. (3 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgs.ac.uk/news/karen-hanghoj-named-director-of-the-british-geological-survey/">"Karen Hanghøj named Director of the British Geological Survey"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Karen+Hangh%C3%B8j+named+Director+of+the+British+Geological+Survey&rft.date=2019-07-03&rft.aulast=Press&rft.aufirst=B.+G.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgs.ac.uk%2Fnews%2Fkaren-hanghoj-named-director-of-the-british-geological-survey%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scot1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Scot1_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgs.ac.uk/information-hub/bgs-maps-portal/geological-survey-history-scotland/">"Geological Survey history — Scotland"</a>. British Geological Survey<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Geological+Survey+history+%E2%80%94+Scotland&rft.pub=British+Geological+Survey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgs.ac.uk%2Finformation-hub%2Fbgs-maps-portal%2Fgeological-survey-history-scotland%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-British-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-British_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRod_Bowie,_Records_Centre_Manager,_National_Geological_Records_Centre,_British_Geological_Survey,_Keyworth1995" class="citation journal cs1">Rod Bowie, Records Centre Manager, National Geological Records Centre, British Geological Survey, Keyworth (January 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/97/1/117">"Freedom and Equality-Women in Geology"</a>. <i>Geological Society, London, Special Publications</i>. <b>97</b> (1). <a class="mw-selflink selflink">British Geological Survey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_Environment_Research_Council" title="Natural Environment Research Council">Natural Environment Research Council</a>: 117–125. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1144%2FGSL.SP.1995.097.01.15">10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.097.01.15</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129574405">129574405</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geological+Society%2C+London%2C+Special+Publications&rft.atitle=Freedom+and+Equality-Women+in+Geology&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=117-125&rft.date=1995-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1144%2FGSL.SP.1995.097.01.15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A129574405%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.au=Rod+Bowie%2C+Records+Centre+Manager%2C+National+Geological+Records+Centre%2C+British+Geological+Survey%2C+Keyworth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsp.lyellcollection.org%2Fcontent%2F97%2F1%2F117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScholl2012" class="citation web cs1">Scholl, Adam (12 June 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151003231414/http://www.worldpolicy.org/journal/winter2012/map-room">"Map Room: Hidden Waters"</a>. World Policy Journal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldpolicy.org/journal/winter2012/map-room">the original</a> on 3 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Map+Room%3A+Hidden+Waters&rft.pub=World+Policy+Journal&rft.date=2012-06-12&rft.aulast=Scholl&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldpolicy.org%2Fjournal%2Fwinter2012%2Fmap-room&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgs.ac.uk/news/bgs-maps-out-priorities-with-five-year-strategy/">"BGS maps out priorities with five-year strategy"</a>. <i>B. G. S</i>. 11 May 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231002010333/https://www.bgs.ac.uk/news/bgs-maps-out-priorities-with-five-year-strategy/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=B.+G.+S.&rft.atitle=BGS+maps+out+priorities+with+five-year+strategy&rft.date=2023-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bgs.ac.uk%2Fnews%2Fbgs-maps-out-priorities-with-five-year-strategy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GSNI-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GSNI_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/gsni/">"GSNI"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GSNI&rft.pub=GSNI+%2F+BGS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.bgs.ac.uk%2Fgsni%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+Geological+Survey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Geological_Survey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgs.ac.uk/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919304#P856" title="Edit 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